Internal evaluation (For 25 marks): -

S.No. Criteria Marks

1. Classroom participation (3 marks)
1.Daily attendance 1
2.Home assignment+class assignment 1
3.Participation in learning
4.Other activities 1
Total marks= 3
2. Trimester exam (6 marks)
1.First term 2
2.Second term 2
3.Third/Final term 2
Total marks= 6
3. Project work and Project report (16 marks)
1. Project work and report (on web technology) 3
2. Presentation (on chosen topic of project) 2
3. Lab report on C 5x1=5
4. Unit wise mini report writing/case-study 6x1=6
Total marks= 16

In-depth information about different section of Project work (section 3; 16

marks): -
1.Project work: -
At the end of session students will be asked to prepare a project work on ‘web

technology’. In this Project work students have to make a simple website using HTML and CSS.

Students may choose a topic of their own interest.

Project work assessment is the internal assessment of reports and presentation of

their project works either individually or group basis. In case of group presentation, every member

of the group should submit a short reflection on the presented report in their own language.

1.1 Project work writing format:

Students have to follow same format as given by college.

1
 Formatting Guidelines
Project Work

Title page Title of the project, name of the author(s), class, ID number,
registration numbers, email, school name and address (See
sample below.)
Title Capitalize each word. / Be clear, informative & concise. /
Avoid abbreviations,
Spacing Double-space
Fonts Times New Roman or Arial (Title – 14-point bold font /
Body text – 12-point font)
Page Bottom of the page, centre
Numbering
Report Divide body text into different sections with appropriate
structure headings. Use standard headings as far as possible such as:
 Introduction: Background, literature review,
objectives & limitation
 Materials & Methods: Equipment used & data
collection procedure
 Results or Findings: Presentation, analysis and
interpretation of data / Give important details in tables
and figures.
 Conclusions: Highlight key findings
 Acknowledgements
 References (Follow guidelines below.).
Headings Bold font on a separate line / No numbering for headings &
subheadings
Paper A4 size, white, one-sided printing
Page margins Left 1.25”, Right 1”, Top 1”, Bottom 1”
Page Binding Spiral
Webpage range 10-15 pages (total number of web pages to be in)

Project work writing order (what to write and in what order):

1.cover page

2.project title page

3.Declaration page

4.Letter of approval page

2
5.Table of contents with page number

6.

6.1 Introduction: Background, literature review, objectives & limitation

Write theory of HTML and CSS ------maximum 4 pages

6.2 Materials & Methods: Equipment used & data collection procedure

What softwares/editors were used with what computer configurations?

List them out. Talk about processor, RAM, etc.

6.3 Results or Findings: Presentation, analysis and interpretation of data / Give important

details in tables and figures/graphs.

->Put all source codes of HTML here. --------any 5 pages'

-> Screenshot of web page/site------------------any 5 pages

6.4 Conclusions: Highlight key findings

6.5 Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements enable you to thank all those who have helped in carrying out the

research/work. Careful thought needs to be given concerning those whose help should be

acknowledged and in what order. The general advice is to express your appreciation in a

concise manner and to avoid strong emotive language.

Note that personal pronouns such as 'I, my, me …' are nearly always used in the

acknowledgements while in the rest of the project such personal pronouns are generally

avoided.

The following list includes those people who are often acknowledged.

Note however that every project is different and you need to tailor your acknowledgements

to suit your particular situation.

Main supervisor

Second supervisor

Other academic staff in your department

3
 Technical or support staff in your department

Academic staff from other departments

Other institutions, organizations or companies

Past students

Family

Friends

6.6 References / Bibliography

Note:
 Use justify as formatting

 Some other formatting like line spacing, font, font size, etc. use same as given in above

table (second page).

SCROLL DOWN
FOR COVER PAGE, TITLE PAGE, LETTER OF APPROVAL AND DECLARATION:

4
 TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS & COLLEGE

PROJECT WORK

(COMPUTER SCIENCE)

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

NAME:
GRADE: XI ' ' (Your subject teacher name goes here)
ID CARD NUMBER:
REGISTRATION NUMBER:

KATHMANDU, NEPAL
2021

5
 A project on

WEB TECHNOLOGY

A Report about the partial fulfillment of the requirements of the internal evaluation of Grade XI
under NEB in
Computer science

of

Name :

Section :

ID card number :

Registration number:

TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS AND COLLEGE

DILLIBAZAR HEIGHT, KTM
NEPAL

6
 TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS & COLLEGE
Dillibazar Height, Kathmandu, Nepal

Date:

Letter of Declaration
I hereby declare that the work presented in this project report has been done by myself under
the supervision of ……………………………………, and has not been submitted elsewhere
for any examination.

All sources of information have been specifically acknowledged by references to authors or

institutions.

Date: ……………….. Name & signature of the student

Registration number:

7
 TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS & COLLEGE
Dillibazar Height, Kathmandu, Nepal

LETTER OF APPROVAL

The project work submitted to Trinity International SS, by …………………………., entitled

“………………………………………………………….….”
has been approved as the partial fulfillment of the requirements of the internal evaluation.

Date: …………………………. Name & signature of Supervisor

8
Some recommended projects’ titles:

1.Make a website of your school. You may use content from schools’ site. Use pictures, contact, copyrights etc.

2.Make a website of your favorite player. You may use his/her pictures, history from Internet.

3.Make a working website on your favorite subject (physics/chemistry/math etc). You may use different contents

from Internet, pictures graphs etc.

4.Make a website on a topic “My hobbies”. You may use different hobbies.

5.Make a working website on a topic “My gadgets”. You can use contents, different pictures, comparisons,

specifications etc.

6. Make a website on “My family members”.

7. Make a website for news portal.

8. Suppose, you are thinking to make a website on “Nepali Katha/story”. Make its different category and post

some stories.

9.You may use topic “Nature” to make a beautiful website containing images of river, trees, seas etc.

10. You may use current situation to pour your own views on “COVID-19” using a website.

Etc.

You may choose your own topic/title for project/website yourself.

9
 2. Presentation on chosen topic: -

Make a power point presentation on chosen topic (same

topic as chosen in HTML). Kindly follow the following rules while preparing.

Rules for power point presentation:

->Write the title of presentation and the name of presenter

->Before you present, introduce yourself and address to the teachers

->You can start by asking a question or an activity.

->Tell your audience what you are going to cover.

It can be 15 seconds piece, to the effect that

I will talk about...

Then, I will review

I will wrap up by...

some additional rules:

1)Use 5/5 points on a slide. You may use little more 6/6 points. It means 5 /6 words per line and

maximum 6 lines per slide.

2)Do not clutter with too much text, pictures and colors.

3)Use font size 18 (minimum).

4)Use template.

5)Use font, font-size, heading, sub-heading, header and footer consistently.

6)Use pictures/tables/graphs for better idea (better to use on right side/align)

7)Watch color combination.

8)Use same theme for all slides.

9)Avoid over use of animations and use same animation throughout the presentation.

10)Proofread, proofread and proofread. Look for spelling error.

11)At the end, append your presentation with a question tag " If any question, ask me".

12)Conclude the presentation with a smile and sentence.

"Thank you for your attention and patience!"

10
3. Lab report on ‘C’: -
Instructions to candidates: -

1. Submit your assignment/lab report to the concerned teacher.

2. Students are advised to underpin their answers with the use of references.

3. Late submission will be awarded zero unless extenuating circumstances are upheld.

4. The work done by you should be genuine and not copied. If found, then in summary it will

be rejected. You may be asked to do it again.

5. The lab report should be bound in appropriate style (spiral binding)

6. You may use a ball pen or gel pen.

7. Some other formatting like line spacing, font, font size, etc. use same as given in above

table (in second page).

11
order of pages (for each lab sheet): -

1.Cover page (scroll down and download it)

2.Lab Sheet title page (Lab-sheet #1) (scroll down and download it)

3.Objectives

4.Table of contents

5.

5.1 Theory

5.2 Algorithm of program

5.3 Flowchart (upto loop only)

5.4 Coding

5.5 Output

6. Discussion and conclusion

Sample copy (scroll down): -

12
 TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS & COLLEGE

Lab-report on c-programming

(COMPUTER SCIENCE)

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTEDTO:

NAME:
GRADE: (Your subject teacher name goes here)
ID card number :

REGISTRATION NUMBER:

KATHMANDU, NEPAL
2021

13
 TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS & COLLEGE

Lab sheet #1
(Input-output functions)

Lab date: -
Submission date: -

Internal signature External Signature

14
Objectives: -
The objective of a program using input and output functions is to know about different input and output functions

and their use in different programs. It will help us to be familiar with some frequently used I/O functions like

scanf(),printf(), gets(),puts, putchar() ,getchar() etc. Having used functions, we will be able to input and output

numerical and string related data easily.

15
 Table of contents
Units Page numbers

16
Theory part:-
Data Input and Output functions in C:-
For data input and output, C provides a collection of library functions such

as getchar, putchar, scanf, printf, gets and puts. These functions enable the transfer of data between the C

program and standard input/output devices. C always treats all input-output data, regardless of where they

originate or where they go, as a stream of characters. The operating system makes the input and output devices

available to a C program as if these devices were files. So, essentially, when a C program reads data from the

keyboard, it is in effect reading from the file associated with the keyboard device. When a C program sends

output data to the console, it is in effect writing to the file associated with the console device.

getchar()

This is a single character input function. getchar() reads a single character from stdin - the standard input data

stream, viz. the file associated with the standard input device, which is normally the keyboard.

putchar()

This is a single character output function. putchar() writes a single character to stdout - the standard output data

stream, viz. the file associated with the standard output device, which is normally the console.

gets() and puts()

The standard library function gets accepts input in the form of a string. The character string may even include

whitespace characters. Each call to gets will read all the characters from the input steam until an end of

line character is encountered. The end of line character is represented as \n and gets generated when you press

the enter key. gets assigns the read string to the variable that is passed as its parameters. gets assigns NULL when

an error occurs.

The standard library function puts sends the passed string to stdout. After the output, puts sends out a carriage

return and a line feed character. This takes the cursor to the next line automatically.

scanf()

The scanf function is used to read formatted input data. The format in which input data is to be provided is

specified by the scanf function itself as it's first parameter. The scanf function is written as -
17
scanf(<control string>, &address1, &address2, . . . , &addressn);

Here, the first parameter <control string> contains a list of format specifiers indicating the format and type of

data to be read. The remaining parameters - &address1, &address2, ..., &addressn are addresses of the variables

where the read data will be stored. scanf reads the input data as per the format specifiers and stores them (i.e.,

assigns them) to the corresponding addresses. An & is pre-fixed to the variable name to denote its address.

Note that there must be the same number of format specifiers and addresses as there are input data. For instance,

in the following example:

scanf("%d %f",&x,&y);

18
19
20
Conclusion: -
It was a wonderful time in the lab and classroom while learning. The outcome of the learning is great and is very

similar to the prediction made in the beginning. We learned about input and output functions in detail. It helped

us a lot in our programming. We came to know its syntax, semantic with example. I hope that this will help us in

future in my project work. At last I would like to thank my class subject teacher for his support and cooperation.

21
 4. Unit wise mini report writing/case-study: -
Definition: -
Case studies are an in-depth investigation or study of one particular individual,
group, time-period or event. They encompass a range of qualitative and quantitative research tools to investigate
underlying principles of an occurrence within a real-life context.
We will use following order on given topic to prepare our
case study report.

1. Cover page

Including basic student and class information

2. Title page

Contains title of report

3. Table of contents

Showing where key parts of the report can be found

4. Introduction/background theory: -

Provide background information and the most relevant facts. You may use table,

figures, charts etc.

5. Case Evaluation/possible faced problems and solutions: -

Isolate the sections of the study you want to focus on. In it, explain why something

is working or is not working. Talk about problems and possible solutions.

6. Conclusion: -

Summarize the main points from the case evaluations and proposed solutions; sum

up the results of your observation in a maximum of 2 sentences.

7. References. Provide all the citations/references.

Note: we have to use same format (font, font-size, line spacing etc.) as given in table in

second page.

Sample copy: - scroll down

22
 TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS & COLLEGE

Case study
(COMPUTER SCIENCE)

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

NAME:
GRADE: XI ' ' (Your subject teacher name goes here)
ID CARD-NUMBER:
REGISTRATION NUMBER:

KATHMANDU, NEPAL
2021

23
 TRINITY INTERNATIONAL SS & COLLEGE

CASE STUDY #1
(OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM)

ASSIGNED DATE: - SUBMITTED TO

SUBMISSION DATE: - (SUBJECT TEACHER NAME)

24
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.No. Units Page number
1. Background theory 26-28
2. Problems and solution 29
3. Conclusion 30
4. References 31

25
Background theory:
Open source operating system: -

Open-source software (OSS) is any computer software that's distributed

with its source code available for modification. That means it usually includes a license for programmers to

change the software in any way they choose: They can fix bugs, improve functions, or adapt the software to suit

their own needs.

Its definition of open-source software includes ten criteria, relating to matters such as:

 Software redistribution

 Source code availability and integrity

 Distribution and properties of licenses

 Derived works

 Anti-discrimination

 MIT License

 GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.0

 Apache License 2.0

 GNU General Public License (GPL) 3.0

 BSD License 2.0 (3-clause, New or Revised)

To begin, let’s take a look at the following comparative table, which lists the position of the top 10 Linux

distributions from this year and from 2020:

POSITION 2021 2020

1 MX Linux MX Linux

2 Manjaro Manjaro

3 Linux Mint Linux Mint

4 Ubuntu Debian

5 Debian Pop!_OS

6 Elementary OS Debian
26
 POSITION 2021 2020

7 Solus Elementary OS

8 Zorin OS Solus

9 Fedora Fedora

10 Deepin Zorin

Let’s know about top three distributions.

1. MX Linux :-
It tops the list thanks to its high stability, elegant and efficient desktop, and also easy learning

curve. It is a midweight desktop-oriented Linux operating system based on Debian. It comes with a

simple configuration, solid performance, and a medium-sized footprint. It is built for all types of users

and applications.

Additionally, it is essentially user-oriented, to assure that the system works out of the box, it comes with

a certain amount of non-free software. One unique thing about MX Linux is that it ships with systemd

(system and service manager) included by default but disabled because of the controversies surrounding

it, instead, it uses systemd-shim which emulates most if not all systemd functions that are required to run

the helpers without employing the init service.

1. Manjaro:-
Based on Arch Linux, Manjaro aims to take advantage of the power and the features that make Arch a

great distribution while providing a more pleasant installation and operation experience out of the box

both for new and experienced Linux users.

Manjaro comes with preinstalled desktop environments, graphical applications (including a software

center), and multimedia codecs to play audio and videos.

2. Linux mint:-

Linux Mint’s well-known motto (“From freedom came elegance“), is not just a saying. Based on

Ubuntu, it is a stable, powerful, complete, and easy-to-use Linux distribution – and we could go on and

on with a list of positive adjectives to describe Mint.

27
Among Mint’s most distinguishing features we can mention that during installation, you are allowed to

choose from a list of desktop environments, and you can rest assured that once it’s installed, you will be

able to play your music and video files without any extra configuration steps since the standard installation

provides multimedia codecs out of the box.

28
Problems and solutions: -

1. Hardware manufacturers don't provide good Linux drivers.

2. Hardware installation is a mess for unsupported hardware.

3. The kernel source keeps changing too much.

4. The interface changes too much.

Etc.

Possible solutions: -
Since Open Source Operating systems are free, anybody can view it, build it and re-distribute it.

If we could build our own distribution depending upon our taste & problem and some unmatched

features, it means we are going to build a new community for that distribution and to provide

information about supporting hardwares, its drivers, auto-updates, more user friendly interface

and other technical support in some fixed time intervals.

For developers, there is a little room to make any money out of them. They know that nobody is

going to pay for solved problems and time given. So, in my view, there should be some pay

system because it gives energy and motivation to the developers to look into the system, deeply.

This helps the users to solve their problem easily. And obviously, if needed, helps developers to

buy and test on new hardwares.

There should not be the abruptly change in system kernel such that it would stop the system from

working and giving headache to the users. Sometimes, it would take long time to search for

solutions for problems like, why NIC is not working? Why kernel is breaking down? Etc. For

this, there should be the universal patch file upgrading system and 24x7 instant online support

on FORUM to all users all over the world.

29
CONCLUSION: -
The open source movement has grown to become a significant force in today's computing

environment. In some sectors of the software industry, open source programs have become

popular enough to provide real competition to proprietary alternatives; in others, they have

emerged as the dominant standard. Though Linux and it different distributions are powerful

operating system, updating our system with drivers’ time to time is difficult task. And somewhere

frequent change in kernel, driver, interface etc. leads to loss of interest in Linux. So instead of

having large number of distributions, there should be less and do more functionality in Linux.

30
REFERENCES: -

https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-problems-with-linux-for-desktop-and-

what-can-be-done-to-fix-them

https://www.tecmint.com/top-most-popular-linux-distributions/

https://www.thebalancecareers.com/what-is-open-source-software-2071941

31
Some recommended case study titles:

1. Prepare basic computer system devices and peripheral specifications of your personal computer.

2. Make a chart that shows comparison among AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR gates that
must include at least general description, truth table, Boolean expression, graphical symbol and Venn

diagram.

3. Make a table that shows the equivalent binary, octal and hexadecimal values of decimal numbers from 1
to 100.

4. Make a report with the introduction, history, versions and the diagrams on popular operating systems

WINDOWS, MAC OS, LINUX, ANDROID etc.

5. Suppose you have a set of data in excel. Merge that data with Ms-word and analyze that with the help of

pivot table. Then submit its report.

6. Prepare a report on use of multimedia in teaching-learning process.

7. Write a report on "Major cyber bullying in Nepal" with real examples and suggest the preventing
measures.

8. Make a report on cyber-crimes in the context of Nepal and its preventive measures.
9. Conduct a survey and prepare a report to identify the popular search engines (any 5) and its features.

32