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Expanation

The document discusses resolving forces into components along two axes and finding the resultant force and direction. It explains how to break forces down into x and y components using trigonometric functions like sine and cosine. It also addresses how to handle forces at angles other than 90 degrees by using similar triangles. The example problem has two forces and shows how to add the x and y components to find the resultant force and calculate its angle.

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Graven Alapag Amora
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17 views

Expanation

The document discusses resolving forces into components along two axes and finding the resultant force and direction. It explains how to break forces down into x and y components using trigonometric functions like sine and cosine. It also addresses how to handle forces at angles other than 90 degrees by using similar triangles. The example problem has two forces and shows how to add the x and y components to find the resultant force and calculate its angle.

Uploaded by

Graven Alapag Amora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Expanation

Component

F is to be resolved into two components along the two members defined by the u and axes. In order to
determine the magnitude of each component, a parallelogram is constructed first, by drawing lines
starting from the tip of F. one line parallel to , and the other line parallel to . These lines then intersect
with u and v axes forming a parallelogram. The force components Fu, and Fv are then established by
simply joining the tail of F to the intersection points on u and v axes.

What is coplanar forces? Forces that lie on a same plane


In adding coplanar forces we can use both scalar or cartesian vector
When several forces act on a body then they are called force system or system of forces. In the
system in which all the forces lies in the same plane then it is known as coplanar force system .

where we have two forces applied to an


object we need to find the resultant
force and its direction
measured from the positive x axis the
first step
is to break down all the forces into x
and y components
let's focus on the 400 newton force
let's draw the x and y
components of this force now we can move
one of these components
to create a right angle triangle like
this you can see
that the x component is the adjacent
length and the y component
is the opposite length with respect to
the angle that's given
so remember the 400 newton force is the
hypotenuse of this triangle
since we want to figure out the adjacent
length we need to use cosine
because that's adjacent over hypotenuse
let's write it down next
the y component for that we will use
sine
since that's opposite over hypotenuse so
again
what we're looking for is with respect
to the angle since we're trying to find
the y component
we see that it's opposite to our angle
that's why we used sine
this is not always the case do not think
that y components are always sine
and x components are always cosine this
is a pitfall many students fall into
now let's focus on the 800 newton force
let's draw the components
first the x component of the force
notice how with the 45 degree angle
that's given
the x component is actually opposite to
the angle
which means we need to use sine so let's
write it down
next the y component this time it's the
adjacent length so we need to use cosine
the next step is to sum all the x axis
components
and the y axis components we will start
with the x axis components
and we will pick up and to the right to
be positive so we have both x components
of our two forces since both of the
components are pointing to the right
they are both positive let's simplify
next the y axis components notice how
one of our y components
is facing up while the other one is
facing down so our 800 newton force
has a negative y component let's
simplify
you can see that we got a negative value
all it means
is that this vector is pointing down
instead of up
since we picked up to be positive now
the two values we found
are the x and y components of the
resultant force
to clarify this let's draw these vectors
so for the x component
we have a vector that's pointing to the
right and for the y component
we have a force pointing straight down
now if we draw our parallel lines
you can see that the diagonal is indeed
our resultant force
to find it all we need to do is use this
equation
it's just the pythagorean theorem let's
plug in our values
solving gives us the magnitude of our
resultant force
now we need the angle from the positive
x-axis
that's easy to figure out using tan tan
is opposite over adjacent
so let's write it down opposite is the y
Here we have to find the resultant force and the angle we can draw the components now let's move them so
that each forms a triangle we will first focus just on force f1 the x Component is opposite to the angle so that
will be sine let's write it down next the y component which is adjacent so we use cosine now

let's look at force f2 so we aren't given an


angle instead we're given this little slope triangle to figure out the components the key here is to realize that
this slope triangle is a similar triangle to the right angle triangle we drew so we can use the ratios given to
figure out the components for the x component we use 5 over 13. easiest way to see this is to look for
corresponding sides so notice how on the mini triangle the side length of 5 corresponds to the same side as
our big triangle now for the y component we use 12 over 13. again notice how the 12 length side corresponds
to the y component side of our big triangle if you keep that in mind using the slope triangles becomes second
nature now that we have all the components

let's find the resultant force by adding up the x and y components we will pick up and to the right to be positive
both x components point to the left so they are both negative since we picked right to be positive next the y
components notice how for
force f1 we have the y component facing down while the y component of force f2 faces up so remember to use
proper positive and negative signs based on which sides you pick to be positive now that we have the
components of our resultant force we can figure out the magnitude to find the angle let's draw the vector
components since both components we found were negative they face opposite to the way we pick to be
positive in other words the x component faces left and the y component faces down now let's calculate
the angle using tan this angle we found is measured from the negative x-axis and the question wants it to be
measured counterclockwise from the positive x-axis to do that all we need to do is add 180 degrees which
gives us our answers

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