ADB:-

Android Debug Bridge

Very useful program made itself by Google for Programmers and developers. Its based on command line
and basically communicates with your Android to respond to certain commands. There is vast amount of
knowledge about adb but its most useful commands limit to getting:-

Logcat:-
A real time log of what is happening in background of our devices. It is really useful for developers to see
which component has malfunctioned and helps to narrow down their search for what failed and what needs
to be fixed. Several times users are asked to give logcats of their devices which are giving errors. We will
go in detail that how to get logcats in every and easiest way possible.

App Installation and Management:-

adb proves really handy if you want to install apks directly from your PC or want to batch install or delete
them.

Shell Execution:-
You must have heard of Terminal Emulator. It is an app for android to execute shell commands(linux
commands) which are basically present as applets in /system/bin, /system/sbin or /system/xbin(in our case)
folders. A very imporant applet called busybox is installed there mainly used for execution of basic
commands during root browsing or ROM installation. Many times updater script of ROMs use busybox
commands to install it. Well, these commands can be initiated from your device too but they can be
initiated from adb also making it easy for programmers.

Pushing and Pulling:-

Most used commands of adb. adb makes it a piece of cake for new device developers to get an ideo of
structure and basic knowledge of devices by pulling command. We can pull out i.e copy any files or folders
from our devices to our PC, even the root directories without rooting the devices. It help rooters and ROM
chefs of new devices to get an idea and implement their mods on them. Pushing is also very useful
command. It copies your files and folders from PC to your device. Very useful in pushing some /system
apps and other things

Remounting and setting permissions

Basic commands:-
Of-course basic commands such as rebooting and rebooting in recovery mode and download mode are
supported.

Others:-
There are several other features of adb such as fastboot, aapt, etc

Setting up ADB
Pre Requirements:-

PC(This is a windows guide, if asked I will add linux and mac guide later)
Java Runtime environment or Java Developing kit
Your Device Drivers
An Android Device

USB Debugging MUST be turned ON in the device for ADB to see it & Developer options is hidden
in Android 4.2 and
above, Hitting Build number 10 times in
About Phone/Tablet reveals the menu (Thanks lilHermit for reminding me to add it)

Assuming you all these ready and working properly, we continue

If you are having trouble completing Pre-Requisites, there are several guides featuring them too

Start
1. First Download Android SDK. Roughly about 70 MB

2. There may be any compressed zip file or exe file

If zip file, then extract it to C:\android-sdk
If exe file then double click on it and install it in C:\ Drive(or any other drive you
want)

3. Now to get adb and other tools, you need to download 'Platform Tools'
To download them, go to the android-sdk folder and double click on SDK Manager
It will ask you which package to download? However, it is your choice which
package to Download, but here, we will only talk about platform
Tools. So, simply tick on Platform Tools and click on install. Once you have done
it. Go to the platform-tools folder in the directory where you installed android-sdk.
You will find several files there like adb, fastboot, aapt, etc

4. Now, you can backup the whole folder of android-sdk to any external storage
that will make you not download package
again if you want to. You can have it placed in any computer and run it as it does
not require registry to work

5. Now, you are just one step away from using adb. Next step is SKIPPING
SETTING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE (If you however want to set
environment variables. Click on Show Content)
Many guides on internet say that it is to be done for making it easy for users and if
you have some basic knowledge of Command Prompt,
you will know that to execute any application with command prompt, you first
need to change the directory to the one where application is
placed. And to skip changing the directories every time you open CMD, you need
to put that application is environment variable. However, we will not do so.

6. Type cmd in the search bar. Copy cmd.exe from there. Go to the directory where
you have installed android-sdk. Go to platform-tools folder. Paste cmd there, right
click on it and in the settings, select Run as Administrator.

7. You are done. Now what to do in it?

ADB Commands

Type adb in command prompt. And several commands will show up on your screen. It is very
difficult to analyse these all commands, so we will only talk about most used and important
commands

Connect your device via USB cable

And open the CMD in platform-tools folder(Make a shortcut of it on desktop). And type the suitable
commands

Code:

adb devices

Will show the list of devices attached to the PC andtheir serial numbers. If this shows up correctly on your
PC, then it means that everything is fine for continuing.

Logcat

Code:

adb logcat
It will display the real time log of your device
Best time to do it is when your device boots up
Now, many users ask me how to copy the logcat and upload it from CMD

There are several methods:-

1. Right click on the Title Bar of Command Prompt. Hover the cursor over edit and select mark. Select all
the things you want to copy and then click enter. All the things will be copied to clipboard.
2. This is the correct way of getting logcat saved.

Code:

adb logcat > logcat.txt

This command will create a logcat.txt document in platform-tools folder with the complete logcat of the
device. Ofcourse you can type any name instead of logcat.txt
3. I prefer taking logcat this way as it neatly compiles logs of different time

Code:

adb logcat -v long > logcat.txt

This is a very nice way to get logcat.

Installing Apps

Code:

adb install %PATH OF APK%

This will install an app on your Android

For example, if my app AreeB.apk is in G:\ drive (G:\AreeB.apk)
Then I will type

Code:

adb install G:\AreeB.apk

Be sure your apk is not in a folder that has space in its name, else the command will break at space bar.
For eg:-

G:\Program Files\AreeB.apk

Note:
If you have spaces in path of apk, you can execute the command without
breakage if you include the path inside quotes. (Thanks to etcman)
Eg:-

Code:

adb install "G:\Program Files\AreeB.apk"

Mounting

However, I never found any problem in tweaking with system files with adb, but some users said that they
couldn't do it, so the problem was that their system partition was mounted as Read Only(R/O)
So, it is necessary now to tell how to mount system partition as Read Write(R/W)

Code:

adb remount

It is easiest way to do so, if it does not work then

There is another method that we will discuss in ADB Shell commands section

Pushing and Pulling

For pushing,
Type
Code:

adb push %PATH TO BE PUSHED% %PATH WHERE TO BE PUSHED%

Suppose I have an app named SystemUI.apk(PATH = G:\SystemUI.apk) which I want to push in

/system/app/ on my android(or in other words, install an app as a system app). Then I would type

Code:

adb push G:\SystemUI.apk /system/app/

More examples
G:\Dance.txt file to be pushed in Dance folder in sdcard

Code:
adb push G:\Dance.txt /sdcard/Dance/

OR
Code:

adb push G:\Dance.txt /mnt/sdcard/Dance/

G:\Movies folder to be transferred in SDCARD in Videos Folder

Code:

adb push G:\Movies /sdcard/Videos/

G:\system\framework\framework-res.apk to be pushed in /system/framework/

Code:

adb push G:\system\framework\framework-res.apk /system/framework/

For pulling,

push command replaces with pull and paths are swapped

Code:

adb pull %PATH TO BE PULLED FROM% %PATH TO PLACE PULLED FILE%

Example,
All system apps are to be pulled to G:\ROM\system\app
Code:

adb pull /system/app G:\ROM\system\app\

build.prop to be extracted to desktop

Code:

adb pull /system/build.prop C:\Users\Areeb\Desktop\

However, if a folder is in platform-tools folder, you don't need to type full path
Suppose if I type
Code:

adb pull /system/ system

Then a folder named system will be created inside platform-tools with all the files in system in it
If a file is in platform-tools folder, then also no need to type full path
For example,
There is an app name DeskClock.apk in this folder then, to push it to /system/app, type
Code:

adb push DeskClock.apk /system/app/

ADB Shell Commands

This mode of adb allows you to execute linux shell commands from your PC
These commands can aldo be executed through the mobile using Terminal Emulator

To initiate shell mode

Type
Code:

adb shell

You will get an prompt like this

sh-3.2#

Now you are in shell mode

adb commands won't work here and a new set of commands will work here. But we will only go in a little
detail here.

Assuming you are in adb shell mode, I will only type commands that will work on shell. Note:- These
commands won't work if you type them alone on cmd. But, these command will directly work on your
mobile's Terminal Emulator
As these commands can also work on mobile, I am going to tell you a way of taking logcat on mobile

Type
Code:

logcat

You will see log of your device

To save this

Type
Code:

logcat > /sdcard/log.txt

A file named log.txt will be generated in sdcard

Uninstalling Applications

Code:

cd /data/app

This will change the directory to /data/app

Code:

ls

This will show the list of files in there

Suppose, there is an app named com.opera.browser (Opera Mobile) you want to uninstall it
Type
Code:

rm -r com.opera.browser

This will uninstall the app

Mounting Command:-

Code:

mount -o rw,remount /dev/block/mtdblock3 /system

Miscellanous commands:-

su: Initiates root request

du: Shows file foldrs and size
date: Shows todays date
ls: Shows list of directory
cd: Changes working directory
rm: Removes the file
logcat: Displays logcat
mount: Mounts the partition
busybox: Busybox Applets