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Mango Notes

The document provides information about mangoes, including their origin in South and Southeast Asia, cultivation in those regions resulting in two types of mango cultivars, and their worldwide production and use. Mangoes vary significantly in size, shape, color, and taste depending on the hundreds of cultivars. The mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan and the Philippines and the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.

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Alwyn Dsouza
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84 views

Mango Notes

The document provides information about mangoes, including their origin in South and Southeast Asia, cultivation in those regions resulting in two types of mango cultivars, and their worldwide production and use. Mangoes vary significantly in size, shape, color, and taste depending on the hundreds of cultivars. The mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan and the Philippines and the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.

Uploaded by

Alwyn Dsouza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica which is believed to have originated

from the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. M. indica has been cultivated
in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times resulting in two distinct types of modern mango cultivars: the
"Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type".[1][2] Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits
that are also called "mangoes", the majority of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.[3]

Worldwide, there are several hundred cultivars of mango. Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size,
shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange.[4] The mango is the
national fruit of India, Pakistan and the Philippines,[5][6] while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.[7]

Contents
1 Etymology
2 Description
3 Domestication and cultivation
3.1 Cultivars
4 Production
5 Culinary use
5.1 Cuisine
5.2 Food constituents
5.3 Flavor
6 Potential for contact dermatitis
7 Cultural significance
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
Etymology
The English word mango (plural "mangoes" or "mangos") originated from the Portuguese word, manga, from the
Malay mangga, probably ultimately from the Tamil man ("mango tree") + kay ("fruit").[8]

Description
Closeup of a twig of the Alphonso mango tree carrying flowers and immature fruit, Deogad (or Devgad),
Maharashtra, Valsad-Gujarat, India
Closeup of flowers and immature fruits on an 'Alphonso' mango tree
Mango trees grow to 30–40 m (98–131 ft) tall, with a crown radius of 10–15 m (33–49 ft). The trees are long-lived, as
some specimens still fruit after 300 years.[9]

A mango stone (seed)

The inside of a mango pit


In deep soil, the taproot descends to a depth of 6 m (20 ft), with profuse, wide-spreading feeder roots and anchor
roots penetrating deeply into the soil.[4] The leaves are evergreen, alternate, simple, 15–35 cm (5.9–13.8 in) long, and
6–16 cm (2.4–6.3 in) broad; when the leaves are young they are orange-pink, rapidly changing to a dark, glossy red,
then dark green as they mature.[4] The flowers are produced in terminal panicles 10–40 cm (3.9–15.7 in) long; each
flower is small and white with five petals 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) long, with a mild, sweet fragrance.[4] Over 500
varieties of mangoes are known,[4] many of which ripen in summer, while some give a double crop.[10] The fruit
takes four to five months from flowering to ripen.[4]

The ripe fruit varies according to cultivar in size, shape, color, sweetness, and eating quality.[4] Depending on
cultivar, fruits are variously yellow, orange, red, or green.[4] The fruit has a single flat, oblong pit that can be fibrous

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