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Patterns and Regularities: A.) Bilateral Symmetry: A Symmetry in Which The

This document discusses various patterns found in nature that can be described mathematically. It outlines different types of symmetry seen in living things like animals, plants, and flowers. Bilateral symmetry exists in insects and some flowers where the left and right sides are mirror images. Radial or rotational symmetry is seen in plants and some animals like starfish which have symmetry around a central point. Famous artists like Raphael and Botticelli incorporated the golden ratio in their paintings by distributing figures and proportions according to this mathematical pattern also seen in nature.

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237 views2 pages

Patterns and Regularities: A.) Bilateral Symmetry: A Symmetry in Which The

This document discusses various patterns found in nature that can be described mathematically. It outlines different types of symmetry seen in living things like animals, plants, and flowers. Bilateral symmetry exists in insects and some flowers where the left and right sides are mirror images. Radial or rotational symmetry is seen in plants and some animals like starfish which have symmetry around a central point. Famous artists like Raphael and Botticelli incorporated the golden ratio in their paintings by distributing figures and proportions according to this mathematical pattern also seen in nature.

Uploaded by

John Luis Bantolino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Other patterns in nature can also be seen in the ball organism like sea anemones whose adults do not
of mackerel, the v-formation of geese in the sky and move and jellyfish(dihedral-D4 symmetry). Radial
the tornado formation of starlings. 1. the golden ratio showing how God’s finger and
Adam’s finger meet precisely at the golden ratio
point of the weight and the height of the area
that contains them.

PATTERNS AND REGULARITIES


Mathematics is all around us. As we discover
more about our environment, we can mathematically
describe nature. The beauty of a flower, the majestic
tree, even the rock formation exhibits nature’s sense of
symmetry.
Have you ever thought about how nature likes
to arrange itself in patterns in order to act efficiently?
Nothing in nature happens without a reason, all of
these patterns have an important reason to exist and 2. Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino or more popularly
they also happen to be beautiful to watch. known as Raphael was also a painter and
architect from the Rennaisance. In his painting
TYPES OF PATTERNS “The School of Athens,”, the division between
1. SYMMETRY – a sense of harmonious and the figures in the painting and their proportions
beautiful proportion of balance or an object is are distributed using the golden ration. The
invariant to any various transformations golden triangle and pentagram can also be
(reflection, rotation or scaling.) found in Raphael’s painting “Crucifixion”.
a.) Bilateral Symmetry: a symmetry in which the
left and right sides of the organism can be divided
into approximately mirror image of each other
along the midline. Symmetry exists in living things
such as in insects, animals, plants, flowers and
others. Animals have mainly bilateral or vertical
symmetry, even leaves of plants and some flowers
such as orchids.

3. The golden ratio can also be found in the works


of other renowned painters such as
a.) Sandro Botticelli (Birth of Venus);
b.) George-Pierre Surat (“Bathers at
Assinieres”, “Bridge of Courbevoie” and “A
Sunday on La Grande Jette”), and
b.) Radial Symmetry ( or rotational symmetry ): a turtle.
symmetry around a fixed point known as the center Smallest scute is in the center and is the oldest one,
and it can be classified as either cyclic or dihedral. while the largest ones on the outside are the newer
Plants often have radial or rotational symmetry, as ones.
to flowers and some group of animals. A five-fold 7. Lightning during storms creates fractals. Foam
symmetry is found in the echinoderms, the group in bubbles formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or
which includes starfish (dihedral-D5 symmetry), sea
solid.
urchins and sea lilies. Radial symmetry suits

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD by PMSJR Page 1


MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD by PMSJR Page 2

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