GTPPLOT: Plotting Program for ATP Output Files 

Orlando P. Hevia Gorostiaga 1483 

Canadian/American
Canadian/American EMTP User Group 3000Argentina
Santa Fe
[email protected] 

1. Introduction.

GTPPLOT is a plotting program for ATP output, compiled with the GNU FORTRAN 95
(g95), and makes use of the graphical package DISLIN. The program is available for
Windows 32 and Linux. It has the following capabilities and limitations.
limit ations.

2. Capabilities and Limitations

File format:

The present version of GTPPLOT can read widenn, formatted graphics files (FMTPL4 =
10Fnn.) both with nn arbitrary, C-like binary files, including the new format obtained with
 NEWPL4=2 (called PISA), and F FORTRAN
ORTRAN (DOS-djgpp, Mingw32, Linux, and S SALFORD)
ALFORD)
unformatted files. The extension of the graphic file must be .PL4 for convenience, but the user
can choose other extensions. If the extension is .cfg, the program will regard the file as a
COMTRADE file, and will read the pair .cfg  and .dat, converting them to a .pl4  file. The
 program detects automatically the format of the file. If the extension is .pss, the program will
regards the file as a PSSPLT ASCII file. PSSPLT is the stability plotter program of PSS/E 26
 package (Power
(Power Technologies IInc.)
nc.)

 Number of points:
points:
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as The GTPPLOT
well as marketing,can process graphics files within the limit of available memory up to near 2
personalization,GB, no specific
and analytics. limits to number of variables or number of ponts. The program uses
You all the
may change your  points, there
settings are time
at any no smoothing.
smoothing.
or accept the default settings.
 Number of curves:
curves:

Privacy Policy The program can plot graphics with 1 to 20 curves. The curves can be distinguished by color,
line type, or symbols, or the combinations of them.
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 Mouse and screen
screen control:
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The program cannot control the mouse. The user must use the keyboard for all the input
operations. The command may be in upper or lower case. The screen scrolls continuously. The
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Mingw32 and Linux versions use the right button mouse or <ENTER> key or <ESCAPE> key
to escape from graphic mode. The pointer must be in the plot.

Output Formats:

The program can generate graphics files in different formats: HP-GL (Hewlett-Packard
Graphic Language), CGM (Computer Graphics Metafile), WMF (Windows Meta File), PNG
(Portable Network Graphics), JAVA, PCX, PostScript, PPM (Portable PixMap), PDF, BMP
(Windows Bit Map), MATLAB, MATHCAD, MATHEMATICA, GNUPLOT and CSV
(Comma Separated Values). Some options are limited with GNUPLOT format.

The screen plot can be in various formats, in color or black and white, and the screen
resolutions supported by the operative system.

 Available Commands:

GTPPLOT obeys the following commands:

CHOICE: To show the variables in the graphic file.

STOP: To stop the program execution.
#GO:
: ToTochoose
do thethe variables to plot by number. $ and / are synonyms of #.
plot.
MENU: Shows the available commands.
LABEL: To set the labels for the plot. The y label can be 15 bytes long, the title lines can be
four, and 60 bytes long, as the x label.
l abel.
FACTOR: To scale each variable (multiply by FACTOR).
OFFSET: To displace each variable (sum OFFSET).
RESCALE: To delete the effect of FACTOR and OFFSET.
LIMITS:
LIMI TS: To set tthe
he limits on the y-axis.
TIME: To set the limits on the x-axis. The units must be in agreement with TIME UNITS
command.
ALL TIME: To set the time limits to t o original.
TYPE: Show in screen formatted files: Uses LESS freeware program.
TIME UNITS: To choose time units different from seconds.
EXTREMA: To search the extreme values of each selected variable.
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X-Y PLOT: To plot one or more variables versus another, not versus time.
cookies to enable essential site
functionality, as SET:
well asThe user can set one parameter, read a complete setting file, or edit the setting file with
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the text editor
personalization, and analytics. You of his preference.
may change your VECTOR:
settings atTo
anyreturn
time to normal plot from X-Y PLOT.
MS-DOS
or accept the default (OS, LINUX, ! are synonymous): go to Operative System shell. If followed by a
settings.
legal command, this command is executed. ! command is a short form.
PL4: Send the dir *.pl4 DOS command.
Privacy Policy @ : Reads a GTPPLOT commands commands file, cannot be nested.
HELP: Lists the gtpplot.hlp with LESS freeware program. This ASCII file explains in detail
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this commands. A gtpplot command can follow HELP, to be searched for in gtpplot.hlp.
Personalization? is a synony
synonym m of HELP.
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FILE: Shows HP-GL files with PRI PRINTGLD
NTGLD shareware pprogram
rogram or HP2XX freeware
 program.
DICE: Plot STATISTICS cases reading the text output of ATP (extension .lis).
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FOURIER: GTPPLOT calculates the Fourier components of the selected variable, calculates
the most common Power Quality Indices, and creates a plot with the derating of a
transformer as function of Pce-r (ANSI
(ANSI 57.110), with K (derating
(derating factor) as para
parameter.
meter.
It can create a family of Fourier series as time function. For a FREQUENCY SCAN or
HARMONIC FREQUENCY SCAN case, FOURIER plots the time function of the
variable (inverse Fourier). For HFS, sub and inter harmonics are allowed.
 NAME: To choose the variables
variables to plot by nname,
ame, not by nnumber.
umber.
SHAFT: To calculate generator shaft fatigue. See Appendix 5.
CACHE: To plot variables from different files in the same figure.
SCAN PL4: To show the values in .pl4 file as text
SCAN PLOT: To show the selected variables as text.
LEVEL: To search for the first level crossing of selected variables.
PAUSE: To stop momentarily the text screen,
s creen, useful for demonstrations.
BODE: To plot a frequency func
function
tion as Bode plot.
AUTO SCALE: To scale all the selected variables to the same size in plot.
JOIN: To create a new graphic file with variables of two
t wo different files.
COMTRADE: To generate IEC COMTRADE files from graphic files.
RELAY: To generate formatted files with up to 20 variables plus time, or all the variables if
RELAY ALL is sent.
PEAKS: To search a selected variable for peaks.
ZEROES:
KIZILCAY: ToTosearch a selected
generate data variable for zeroF-DEPENDENT
of KIZILCAY crossing and slopefrom
calculation.
FREQUENCY SCAN
cases.
MATLAB: To generate MATLAB binary files with up to 20 variables plus time, or all the
variables if MATLAB ALL is sent.
MATHCAD: To generate MATHCAD CSV files with up to 20 variables plus time, or all the
variables if MATHCAD ALL is sent.
MATKA: To generate MATHEMATICA ASCII files with up to 20 variables plus time, or all
the variables if MATKA ALL is sent.
ADF: To read ASCII Data Files with PLOTXY format. Up to 20 variables plust time are
allowed.
LOGY: To plot with logarithmic y-axis.
LOGX: To plot with logarithmix x-axis.

AGFPLOT: To plot ARMAFIT

SLOPE: To calculate .agf of
the derivative graphic files.variables. If followed by a numeric argument
all chosen
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable (time in seconds),
essential site the slope at these time is calculated for all the chosen variables. If the
time
functionality, as is negative,
well the maximum and minimum slope is calculated for the effective time range.
as marketing,
personalization,I2T: to calculate
and analytics. Youthe  i 2 t for all the chosen variables.
may change your settings
RMS: at any time
to calculate the RMS of all the chosen variables, with the frequency FPOWER.
or accept the default settings.
INTEGRATE: to calculate the integral of all the chosen variables.
PLOT: to access some mathematical operations with variables. The following operations are
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VAR(n): plots the variable without changes.
Marketing RMS(n): plots the RMS of the variable.
INT(n): plots the integral of the variable.
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DER(n): plots the derivative of the variable.
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I2T(n): plots the  i  t of the variable.
POWER(n1,n2): plots the power as v(n1)*i(n2)
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ENERGY(n1,n2): plots the energy as the integral of v(n1)*i(n2)

HSOURCE: To generate HFS sources from time functions harmonics.
IMPEDANCE: To calculate impedance from Voltage-Current variables pair.
PARAM: To plot parameters as function of frequency of lines/cables as calculated by CABLE
CONSTANTS, CABLE PARAMETERS, LINE CONSTANTS, JMARTI SETUP
and SEMLYEN SETUP auxiliary routines of ATP.
DIBCLP: To draw the data for CABLE CONSTANTS, CABLE PARAMETERS and LINE
CONSTANTS cases.
PHASOR: To plot steady
st eady state solution as phasors.
PSS: To send data to a PSSPLT ASCII file.
TRV: To draw IEC 56 lines superimposed to TRV voltages.volt ages.
PCVP: To plot a 3-D family of curves as obtained with PCVP. For multiple HFS cases, a table
of principal PQI is generated in gtpplot.log
THD: To plot the THD as time function of a variable.
FILTER: To calculate RLC filters from FREQUENCY SCAN .pl4 files
AVERAGE: Toggles on or off the average of data to plot. It is the equivalent of AVERAGE
OUTPUT of ATP.
SSO: To reformat the Steady State Output of ATP to allow insert it into Excel spreadsheet.
SAVE: To save some or all al l variables in a PISA formatted .pl4 file
TYPE1: To save some or all variables in ATP Type-1 sources.
54321 (or CMCP):
file.0002... Tofile.
individual separate
They shots
can beofread
a statistic case. Eachfiles,
as independent shotorisprocessed
saved intoasfile.0001,
a PCVP
case.
CSV: To generate CSV tables.
SEQUENCE (or 012) to generate sequence components graphics.

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3. How to use the program: 

The program can be invoked with the filename (for a .pl4  file) or @@filename for a
command file (batch process). If the graphic file has a different extension, this extension must
 be sent too.

If the user does not send a filename, the program lists all the .pl4 files on the screen, and a
explanation about that can be done.

With the program running, the user can send the commands as listed.
l isted.

The first command the user generally sends is CHOICE: the screen shows all the available
variables, with a number.

The user sends the pound symbol (#), followed by the variable number as desired, ended by
<enter>.

The program shows the variable names, as control.

If the user sends the command “GO”, the program creates all the files as enabled by the
gtpplot.ini file indicates, and then plots the graphics on the screen.

The files are serialized as follows:

gtpplo01.ext, gtpplo02.ext... with ext= plt for HP-GL format, cgm for CGM format, wmf  for
 for
WMF, png for PNG,  jav for JAVA, eps for Postscript format, pcx for PCX format, ppm for
PPM format, pdf  for
 for PDF, bmp for Windows Bit Map, and gnu for GNUPLOT format.

The program can generate a log file, with the responses to the commands. The usefulness of
the log file is for the programmer, of course, but the general user can find some results, as the
Fourier series, in the log file. This file is called gtpplot.log.

The KIZILCAY command allows generate data in The

coefficients ARMAFIT format,
choicetotheobtain the
This website stores data suchofasKIZILCAY F-DEPENDENT elements.
user must adequate
cookies to enable Magnitude and Angle of an Admittance
essential site Admit tance variable.
functionality, as well as marketing,
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and output
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willYou
be written in kizil0nn.aft files.
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
The MATLAB command allows generate data in MATLAB binary format. The node names
are respected, a ‘v’ or an ‘i’ added for voltage or current variables, respectively. The space and
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minus characters are changed to underscore, as MATLAB requires. The MATLAB files are
serialized using the name of plot file with last two bytes replaced by nn increasing from 01 in
Marketingthe same gtpplot session, with extension .mat.

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If the user send # command to choose variables, only the variables selected will be in the
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MATLAB
variables infile,
plotup
filetowill
20 be
plus
in time. If the userfile.
the MATLAB sends the command followed by ALL, all the
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The MATHCAD command allows generate data in MATHCAD CSV format. The
MATHCAD files are serialized using the name of plot file with last two bytes replaced by nn
increasing from 01 in the same gtpplot session, with extension .prn. A parallel file, with node
names and variable types description is generated, with the same name, and extension .cfg.

If the user send # command to choose variables, only the variables selected will be in the
MATHCAD file, up to 20 plus time. If the user sends the command followed by ALL, all the
variables in plot file will be in the MATHCAD file.

The MATKA command allows generate data in MATHEMATICA ASCII format. The
MATHEMATICA files are serialized using the name of plot file with last two bytes replaced
 by nn increasing
increasing from 01 in the same gtpplot session, with extension .m.

If the user send # command to choose variables, only the variables selected will be in the
MATHEMATICA file, up to 20 plus time. If the user sends the command followed by ALL,
all the variables in plot file will be in the MATHEMATICA file.

The AGFPLOT command allows to plot the graphic output files as produced by Taku Noda
fitter ARMAFIT. A series of files agfplnnn.ext is generated, with all the available graphic
formats.
The HSOURCE command allows to produce HFS sources from time function harmonics. The
output files are serialized hsourc01.pch, etc.

The IMPEDANCE command is to toggle on or off the impedance calculation from a Voltage-
Current variables pair. The beginning time and frequency are requested, with (0.0, FPOWER)
as default.

The PARAM command allows produce plots of parameters as function of frequency. The
output is serialized parame01, parame02 , etc.

The PHASOR command allows to plot the steady state solution as wrote in .lis file by ATP.
The following few subcommands are allowed:
This website stores data such as
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CHOICE, site #, GO, END, STOP. The output will wi ll be in phasornn.ext files.
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The TRV command allows draw IEC 56 lines superimposed to TRV plots. The output is
may change your settings at any time
serialized trvplo01, trvplo02, etc. For details, see gtpplot.hlp.
or accept the default settings.

The PCVP command allows draw a family of time simulations as result of a PCVP case. The
Privacy Policy user must open the first file of the series (file.001, file.002... if the number of files is up to
999, file.0001, file.0002... if there are more than 999 files), to allow gtpplot to know the file
Marketingname of the series, and the file type. Only a variable at time can be plotted. Up to 9999 files
can be processed.
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The
THDTHD command
allows allows by
to be followed plotanTotal Harmonic
optional Distortion
number: as time function
it is the window for THDfor one variable.
calculation. The
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default (no number passed) is 1/8 cycle.

The FILTER command allows calculate RLC filters from FREQUENCY SCAN .pl4 files.
The output must be POLAR, RECTANGULAR or BOTH. It is responsibility of the user to
choose impedance (voltages for 1 A current) variables.

The command FILTER

FILTER can be followed by a number 1 (default) is for homopolar filter, 3 for
direct sequence filter. The filters can have up to 20 RLC branches.
The output is filternn.dat for use with an external program, filternn.pch to insert in ATP. The
frequency response is plotted for each filter, serialized filtpnnn.ext (polar coordinates),
filtrnnn.ext (rectangular coordinates). The extension includes adf  (ASCII
 (ASCII DATA FILE).

The program rejects the calculation if a negative resistance appears in .pl4 file.

The SAVE command allows generate data in PISA ATP format. The name of file is requested
to the user, or save.pl4 is used by default.

If the user send # command to choose variables, only the variables selected will be in the .pl4
file, up to 20 plus time. If the user sends the command followed by ALL, all the variables in
 plot file will be in the .pl4 file.
The TYPE-1 command
command allows generate data in ATP TYPE-1 sources fo
format.
rmat. The name of
file is requested to the user, or type1.pch is used by default.

If the user send # command to choose variables, only the variables selected will be in the .pch
file, up to 20 plus time. If the user sends the command followed by ALL, all the variables in
 plot file will be in the .pch file.

The CSV command allows generate data in CSV format. The name of file is requested to the
user, or csv.csv is used by default.

If the user send # command to choose variables, only the variables selected will be in the .csv
file, up to 20 plus time. If the user sends the command followed by ALL, all the variables in
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or accept the default settings.

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4. The gtpplot.ini file

The different options for some features of GTPPLOT can be selected from the gtpplot.ini file.
This ASCII file can (and must) be edited with the user’s preferred editor, to adapt all the
 parameters to the user needs.

The sense of the variables is the same as the STARTUP: the 1 enables the NOxxxx. With the
values shown, the user obtains HPGL output, screen output, a grid is added, the curves are
with different line types, and with different colors. As sample, the gtpplot.ini file follows:

FPOWER FREQFR PROP Tbefore Tafter CSIZE SSIZE THRES

50.0 50.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.00001
SKIZIL Y0 YINF ORDMIN ORDMAX ERROR WITER GAIN
1.0 9999. 9999.0 1.0 15.0 5.0 0.0 1.0
NOHPGL NOCGM NOGNU NOPOST NOSCREEN NOGRID NODASH NOSYMBOL
 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1
NOCOLOR NFORSP NSHADF NSHADS NOLOG NOCROSS NOFRAME NOBARS
 0 34 -1 0 0 1 1 0
NODERATE NOPERC NOZERO NOBOX NOWINDO NRPCX NTIME NOCLEAN
 0 1 1 1 1 0 3 0
NOREV NOWMF NOJAVA NSTATI NODATE NOFILE NOPNG L4FULL
1 0 1 12 1 1 0 0
IFOUR NOSYMM JX JY NX NY NOPDF NOPPM
 0 1 30 20 1280 1024 0 0
NOBMP NO TIT
NOTIT KPHA
KPHASOR
SOR NOSAVE NOGIF NOSVG
N OSVG NRM NOTRV
 0 0 1 1 0 0 22 0
NOCHOICE NOCSV NCSV
 0 0 0 0
PRINT FORMAT
hp2xx
EDITOR
UE
FONT
TRIPLX

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PARAMETER Description Note

FPOWER Frequency for time scales and RMS calculation
FREQFR Frequency for Fourier Analysis
PROP Proportion for the plot 1
TBEFORE Waiting time (in seconds) before screen plot (batch mode only)
TAFTER Waiting time (in seconds) after screen plot (batch mode only)
CSIZE Character size multiplier (0.5 CSIZE1.0)
SSIZE Symbol size multiplier (0.5SSIZE1.0)
THRES Threshold value for harmonic source inclusion. 2
SKIZIL Key to produce 'S' ARMAFIT files (1.0) or 'Z' (0.0)
Y0 Admittance for zero frequency. 9999. for use the admittance for minimum
minimum frequency.
YINF Admittance for infinite frequency. 9999. for use the admittance of maximum frequency.
ORDMIN Minimum order for ARMAFIT fitting
ORDMAX Maximum order for ARMAFIT fitting
ERROR Maximum error for ARMAFIT use.
WITER Maximum number of iterations for ARMAFIT use.
 NOHPGL Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in HP-GL format
 NOCGM Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in CGM format
 NOPOST Key to enable (0 or -1), or disable (1) the plot in PostScript format .-1 is for portrait, 0 for landscap e
 NOGNU Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in GNUPLOT format
 NOSCREEN Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in screen
 NOGRID Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot the grid
 NODASH Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the line dashes
 NOSYMBOL Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the symbol marks
 NOCOLOR Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the colors
 NFORSP Number of Fourier com
components
ponents 3
 NSHADF Shading of barcharts (Fourier Analysi
Analysis)s) 4
 NSHADS Shading of barcharts (Statistics DICE option) 5
 NOLOG Key to enable (0) or disable (1) log file generation
 NOCROSS Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the cross in X-Y PLOT
 NOFRAME Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the frame plot
 NOBARS Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the barchart for FS or HFS
 NODERATE Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot of transformer derating (ANSI 57.110)
 NOPERC Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the barchart in perc ent for FS and HFS cases. 6
 NOZERO Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the zero-axys
 NOBOX Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the bow around axis
 NOWINDO Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the multiplot feature
 NRPCX Key to choice the pcx format resolution. 0 disables .pcx format output.
 NTIME Key to choice the time unit. The values are the same as TIME UNITS command.
 NOCLEAN Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the dele tion of graphic files at start time
 NOREV Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the reverse sc reen
 NOWMF Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in WMF format
 NOJAVA Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in JAVA format
 NSTATI Key to choose the x-axis variable: 0: interval, 1: P.U. 2: Physical units 7
 NODATE Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the inclusion of date in plot
 NOFILE Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the inclusion of graphic (.pl4) filename in plot
 NOPNG Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in PNG format
 NOBMP Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in BMP format
 NOTIT Key to enable (0) or disable (1) title lines in RELAY output
KPHASOR Key to enable (1) or disable (0) the division by sqrt(2) of PHASOR values before plot
 NOSAVE Key to save (0) or no save (1) the data of surface plots for other applications usage.
L4FULL Key to read REAL*4 (0) or REAL*8 (1) pl4 files (CUSTOM PLOT FILE) 8
IFOUR Key to COS inverse Fourier (0) or SIN inverse Fourier series (1)
This website storesJX, JYdata such as Coordinates of upper-left corner of screen, in pixels. JX=-1 disables the screen size.
 NX, NY
cookies to enable essential site Width
 NOSYMM
and height of screen, in pixels
Key to plot with symm
symmetric
etric Y axis (0), or natural Y axis (1)
functionality, as  NOPDF
well as marketing, Key to enable (0 or -1), or disable (1) the plot in PDF format.
personalization, NOPPM
and analytics. YouKey to enable (0 or -1), or disable (1) the plot in PPM format -1 is for portrait, 0 for landscape
 NOGIF Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the plot in GIF format
may change your  NRMsettings at any time
Number of lines before on screen a <CR> is required to continue (peaks and ze roes commands)
or accept the default
 NOTRVsettings. Key to enable (0) or disable (1) text files of TRV and envelopes, -1 for no synchronized graphics
 NOCHOICE Key to enable (0) or disable (1) an automatic CHOICE command at start time
 NOCSV Key to enable (0) or disable (1) the generation of CSV files
 NCSV Width of CSV column fi files
les
PRINT HP-GL program viewer command 9
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FONT Font for all the plot. An extension .ttf indicates that a TrueType Font will be used 11
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 Notes:
1. Proportion width to height for the plots (from 0.2 to 1.0)
2. All the components greater that this threshold value, relative to maximum component, will be added to HSOURCE list.
3. The number of components can be between 1 and 3000.
4. The shading can be between 0 (blank box) and 17. 16 is a black box. For multiple barcharts (HFS), this is the initial
shading pattern. -1 plots all the bars as filled boxes, -2, plots all the bars as empty boxes.
5. The shading can be between 0 (blank box) and 17. 16 is a black box.
6. If the fundamental component is zero, the plot is done in absolute values, not percent.
7. For NSTATI =1 or NSTATI=2, a probability plot will be obtained. If 10 is added to NSTATI, a stair plot will be obtained.
for probability.
8. C-like, PISA, gnu and Salford UNFORMATTED .pl4 files allowed.
9. The command must include the program call with the needed parameters. Both PRINTGLD (shareware) and HP2XX
(freeware) were tested.
10. A text editor is used to change permanently some parameters in gtpplot.ini file. It must be in the path.
11. The fonts can be DISALF, SIMPLX, COMPLX, DUPLX, TRIPLX, SERIF, HELVE. The fonts are not available for
GNUPLOT format. The default font is SIMPLX. If the FONT has an extension .ttf, a TrueType Font will be used. The .ttf
will be searched in the working directory or FONTS directory of Windows (normally c:\Windows\FONTS). For Linux, the
directory /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/truetype/ will be searched.

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5. Samples

The following are samples of graphics obtained with GTPPLOT. All the figures are imported
from the .wmf  files
 files and have COMPLX font.

Sample of time functions.

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Sample of DICE command.

Sample of FOURIER command. 

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Sample of BODE command.

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  13
 

Sample of HARMONIC FREQUENCY SCAN and derating plots. 

Sample of X-Y PLOT command.

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  14
 

Sample of multiplot (SET NOWINDO=0)

Sample of normal and LOGY plots

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  15
 

Sample of impedance calculation

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  16
 

Sample of AGFPLOT

The following is an example from a single

s ingle conductor aerial line.

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  17
 

Sample of functions

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  18
 

Sample of PARAM. It corresponds to three conductors into a pipe. The last figure is the
corresponding DIBCLP
DIBCLP sample.

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  19
 

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  20
 

Sample of PHASOR command

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  21
 

Sample of TRV command.

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  22
 

Sample of PCVP command.

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Sample
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  23
 

Sample of FILTER
FI LTER command

Data for a external program follows:

REAC-----+FREAC----+FREF-----+-FMIN----+FMAX-----+ANP------+BUS1--+BUS2--+
45.3989 60.00 0.00 0.00 1500.00 10000.00 FROM TO
R--------+F0-------+Foo------+
5.0000 0.00 340.00
This website stores46.6591
data such as
29.3390
430.00
585.00
490.00
697.00
cookies to enable 164.6515
essential site730.00 781.00
80.8262 862.00 906.00
functionality, as well74.3589
as marketing,
987.00 1101.00
personalization, and3.8218
analytics.1500.00
You 0.00
END
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  24
 

The filter as calculated by gtpplot follows:

C -------------------------------------------
C ##### DIRECT SEQUENCE NETWORK #####
C DATA FROM hingofs.pl4
C VALUES IN mH- uF
C -------------------------------------------
C BUS1 BUS2 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRLLLLLLL LLLLLLLLLCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CC
$VINTAGE, 1
$UNITS, 0.00000000, 0.00000000
FROM ATO A 5.00000000 118.00487407 0.00000000
FROM BTO B 5.00000000 118.00487407 0.00000000
FROM CTO C 5.00000000 118.00487407 0.00000000
FROM ATO A 46.65910000 506.61645951 0.27041081
FROM BTO B 46.65910000 506.61645951 0.27041081
FROM CTO C 46.65910000 506.61645951 0.27041081
FROM ATO A 29.33900000 235.47103977 0.31433376
FROM BTO B 29.33900000 235.47103977 0.31433376
FROM CTO C 29.33900000 235.47103977 0.31433376
FROM ATO A 164.65150000 1141.58267052 0.04163774
FROM BTO B 164.65150000 1141.58267052 0.04163774
FROM CTO C 164.65150000 1141.58267052 0.04163774
FROM ATO A 80.82620000 542.62035353 0.06282459
FROM BTO B 80.82620000 542.62035353 0.06282459
FROM CTO C 80.82620000 542.62035353 0.06282459
FROM ATO A 74.35890000 271.72630607 0.09569170
FROM BTO B 74.35890000 271.72630607 0.09569170
FROM CTO C 74.35890000 271.72630607 0.09569170
FROM ATO A 3.82180000 27.95230273 0.40275427
FROM BTO B 3.82180000 27.95230273 0.40275427
FROM CTO C 3.82180000 27.95230273 0.40275427
C BUS1 BUS2 RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRLLLLLLL LLLLLLLLLCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CC
$VINTAGE,-1
$UNITS, -1.00000000, -1.00000000

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  25
 

Sample of Sequence plots

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  26
 

References

[1] GNU FORTRAN Info V 0.5.21., Free Software Foundation.

[2] DISLIN 8.0 , “A Data Plotting Library”, by Helmut Michels.
[3] TPPLOT Help file and output screens.
s creens.
[4] gnuplot “An Interactive Plotting Program”,
P rogram”, by Dick Crawford.
[5] “Development of a Transmission-Line Model considering the Skin and Corona Effects for
Power Systems Transients Analysis”, by Taku Noda.
[6] “Electric Power Quality”, by G. T. Heydt
[7] “Post Processing Measured Transient Data using MODELS in the ATP-EMTP”, by
Mustafa Kizilcay and Laurent Dubé, EEUG News May 1997.
[8] “Simulation of AC System Impedance in HVDC System Studies”, by Narain G.
Hingorani, TPAS Vol. 89, May-June 1970, pp.820-828.

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  27
 

Appendix 1

The program is easily installed copying all the files in the same directory, included in the
PATH definition.

DOS version

Graphics modes.

The graphics modes for the GTPPLOT can be set as follows setting the environment variable
GRX20DRV

The following modes can be available by some video cards:

GRX20DRV=VESA gw 640 gh 480 nc 256

GRX20DRV=VESA gw 800 gh 600 nc 256
GRX20DRV=VESA gw 1024 gh 768 nc 256

With the DOS command set, the variable GRX20DRV can be set to the
t he adequate value.

 Memory manager.

The CWSDPMI.EXE program is the memory manager. Must be in the path. The program runs
automatically when runs GTPPLOT.

WINDOWS 95-98-NT and Linux versions

This versions require only to copy the package

package to a directory included in the path. For Linux,
/usr/local/bin is a good location.

For Windows NT, the environmental variable GTPPLOT must be set equal to the directory
where gtpplot is installed.

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Appendix  
cookies to enable essential site
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well as marketing,
sample of fonts follows.  
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For COMPLX
or accept the default settings. font all the
lower accented Spanish vowels and tilded N (Ñ) are allowed in
titles. German special characters are allowed in all fonts.
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  28
 

Appendix 3

Shading patterns for histograms.

Appendix 4

Fourier and interference

i nterference determination.
determination.

The Fourier option calculates the Fourier decomposition of a cycle of the selected wave. The
GTPPLOT, as TPPLOT, determines the RMS (root mean square), and THD (Total Harmonic
Distortion). These are calculated as

 N 

h N   I h2
  h 2
 RMS 
2
I0  1
2  I hpeak 
2
  THD 
 I 1
 
h1

The GTPPLOT determines another quality factors, as the even and odd, the total, balanced
and residual THD, and TIF (Telephone Influence Factor), the total, balanced and residual
C message index and I·T product, and the K factor (Transformer derating).

The Telephone Influence Factor

h N 
This website stores data such as
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h 1

V h  W h2

functionality, as well as marketing, TIF    

V total 
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may change your where
settings at any time
h  =settings.
V 
or accept the default the nnode
ode voltage at the harmonic h 

Vtotal  V12  V22  V32 VN2    

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and the weighting factor W h is
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Analytics W h = pfC h = 5 fC h 

Save Ch  isAccept

the C All
message weighting factor as defined by the Interna
International
tional Commission of
Telecommunications (CCIT), it expresses the relative psophometric annoyance level at
  29
 

various frequencies. The factor pf was added to simulate coupling with an adjacent telephone
line. p=5 has traditionally been used aand
nd is standard
standardized
ized by IEER Std. 519 for power system
applications.

The C message index

The C message index is calculated by

h N 

Vh  C h2
h1
C  messa
 message
ge ind
index
ex =  
V total 

The factor Wh or generally Wf is also called the Single Frequency TIF and is listed in the
table below on a 60 Hz base.
base. For 50 Hz systems on
onee would interpolate.

Freq h W h  Freq h W h  Freq h W h  Freq h W h 

60 1 0.5 1020 17 5100 1860 31 7820 3000 50 9670
180 3 30 1080 18 5400 1980 33 8330 3180 53 8740
300 5 225 1140 19 5630 2100 35 8830 3300 55 8090
360 6 400 1260 21 6050 2160 36 9080 3540 59 6730
420 7 650 1380 23 6370 2220 37 9330 3660 61 6130
540 9 1320 1440 24 6560 2340 39 9840 3900 65 4400
660 11 2260 1500 25 6680 2460 41 10340 4020 67 3700
720 12 2760 1620 27 6970 2580 43 10600 4260 71 2750
780 13 3360 1740 29 7320 2820 47 10210 4380 73 2190
900 15 4350 1800 30 7570 2940 49 9820 5000 83.33 840
1000 16.66 5000

The I·T (and V·T) Product 

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The I·T Product (or V·
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V·T)
T) is charac
characteristic
teristic of the harmonic pollution caused by a customer’ s
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generation.
well as marketing, ·T Product is calculated the same way as the TIF but there is no
personalization,division by theYou
and analytics. total RMS current.
may change your settings at any time
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h N  h N 
2 2
 I  T    I h  W h    V T   Vh  Wh     
h1 h1
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  30
 

The K factor (Transformer

(Transformer derating) ANSI 57.110

The K factor is calculated as

h N 
2 2

 
h
h1 h I 
 K  h N   
 I h 2

h1

With this factor, the transformer derating can be calculated by

h N 
  1  Pec  r 
 I h2  1  K  Pec  r  
h 1


where Pec-r is the rated eddy load factor in per unit. The generated graphics files of derating
as function of Pec-r are serialized as derate01.ext, derate02.ext..., with ext= plt for HP-GL
format,
for Postscript for
cgm CGMpcx
format, format, wmf  for
 for Windows
 for PCX format, and gnuMetafile,
png for PNG,  jav for JAVA, eps 
 for GNUPLOT format.

The Distortion Index (German National Standard DIN 40110)

This index is calculated by

2
  1  THD
 DIN    
THD2

Peak Value

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The peak value is the maximum of the values for the whole period. The program finds both
cookies to enable essentialpositive
extremes, site and negative.
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Value You
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or accept the default settings.
The average value is the arithmetic mean of the absolute values for the whole period. The
 program calculates
calculates this mean as
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i n

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Vavg   Vi / n  
i 1

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Crest Factor
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The crest factor is
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  31
 

V  peak 
Crest Factor  
   
V rms

Form Factor

The Form Factor is

rms
Form
FormFFact
actor
or = V 
V    avg 

Capacitor overload factor (IEC 1000- 2- 2 Part 2, Electromagnetic Compatibility

(EMC))

This factor is calculated as Dw 

h  N 
2
 Dw   h 2  uh2 , uh  U h / U 1 and Dw  Dw2  
h 2

In the above formula IEC recommends that N up to 40 be used. The ANSI and Canadian
standards limit the total harmonic load to 1.35 per unit rating.
In all the equations:

i= index for time function values

n= number of points in a cycle
h= index of frequency value
valuess
 N= number of frequency
frequency values

The results for a sample case are:

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HARMONIC CONTENTS IN %
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VARIABLE->
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HARM. marketing,
ORDER BSMA
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0.00 You
may change your 0.5 settings at any time
12.20
0.8 12.05
or accept the default
1.0settings.
100.00
5.0 5.99
7.0 3.04
11.0 0.31
Privacy Policy 13.0 1.50
17.0 0.25
19.0 0.28
MarketingTHD-> 18.49

Personalization
Derived from table:
1) RMS Fundamental = 3.6373E+02 Subharmonics = 6.2373E+01
Analytics Harmonics = 2.5108E+01 Interharmonics = 0.0000E+00
Distortion = 6.7237E+01 Total = 3.6989E+02
2) THD Even = 0.0000E+00 % Odd = 6.9030E+00 %
Save AcceptBalanced
All = 6.9030E+00 % Residual = 0.0000E+00 %
Subharmonics = 1.7148E+01 % Harmonics = 6.9030E+00 %
Interharmonics = 0.0000E+00 % Total = 1.8485E+01 %

  32
 

3) K factor (for transformer derating, ANSI 57.110) = 1.1400E+00

4) Total TIF IEEE Std. 519 = 3.8861E+01
5) Balanced TIF IEEE Std. 519 = 3.8861E+01
6) Residual TIF IEEE Std. 519 = 4.4673E-02
7) Total C message index = 7.1500E-01
8) Balanced C message index = 7.1500E-01
9) Residual C message index = 3.5086E-03
10) Total I.T or V.T product IEEE Std. 519 = 1.4374E+04
11) Balanced I.T or V.T product IEEE Std. 519 = 1.4374E+04
12) Residual I.T or V.T product IEEE Std. 519 = 1.6524E+01
13) Distortion index DIN=THD/SQRT(1+THD**2) = 1.8178E+01 %
14) Mean value Vmean = 3.3405E+02
15) Peak value Vpeak+ = 6.5049E+02 Vpeak- = -5.7511E+02
16) Crest factor max Vpeak/Vrms = 1.7586E+00
17) Capacitor overload factor IEC 1000-2-2-Part 2 = 4.2304E-01
18) Form factor RMS/Vmean = 1.1073E+00

The balanced PQI refers to positive and negative sequence components, (not triplen
harmonics) for three-phase systems, and residual refers to homopolar sequence components
(triplen harmonics).

Even or odd refers to only even or only odd components added to the corresponding THD.
Some Standards allow different magnitudes for even or odd harmonics.

More information over definitions and applications of this Power Quality Indices as calculated
 by
in aGTPPLOT can be found
Circle Publications, 9637inN.
the117
book “Electric Power Quality”,
Street-Tradewinds- Scottsdale,byAZ
Prof. G. T.
85259 Heydt, Stars
USA.

With Dr. Heydt’s permission, the following table is included

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  33
 

Selected Guidelines, Recommended Practices, and Standard Limits of THD, TIF, V·T,
and I·T Product

Application Type of limit (source) Applicable Limit Electric quantity

equipment ratings
Dedicated static Recommend
Recommended
ed practice 2.4-69 kV THD  8% Bus voltage
converters
Distribution (IEEE Std. 519-1992)
Recommend
Recommended 519-1992 )
ed practice above
2.4-6969kVkV THD  1.5% Bus voltage
THD  5%
systems (IEEE Std. 519-1992)
519-1992) above 69 kV THD  1.5 %
Distribution Standard (ANSI Std. Unlikely telephone IT  10000
systems 368) interference
Possible telephone 10000  IT  25000
interference Line current
Probable telephone IT>25000
interference
Subtransmission Typical values Balanced Residual
systems 60-69 kV IT=1400 60<IT<800 Line current
19-44 kV VT=700 15<VT<30 Bus voltage
Subtransmission Typical maximum Balanced Residual
systems values 60-69 kV KIT=6 0.1<KIT<1 Line current
60-69 kV KVT=3500 50<KVT<400 Bus voltage
Synchronous Standard 5-19.999 MVA Balanced Residual
machines (ANSI Std. C50.12- TIF<100 TIF<75 Load (source)
1982) 20 MVA and above TIF<70 TIF<50 current
Synchronous Standard “Properly Generator
generators (ANSI Std. 368) designed” 5<TIF<10 current
generators
Cylindrical rotor Standard Balanced Residual
synchronous (ANSI Std. C50.13- 62.5-299 kVA TIF<350
machines 1977) 300-699 TIF<250
700-999 TIF<150
1000-4999 TIF<150 TIF<100 Line current
5000-19999 TIF<100 TIF<75
20000-99999 TIF<70 TIF<50
100000 & above TIF<40 TIF<30
Distribution Distribution engineering 110 V IT<66 for each kVA rating Line current
transformers guideline of unit
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  34
 

Family of Fourier series

GTPPLOT can calculate and plot a family of Fourier series. This option is available by setting
time0 to a negative value. This type of plot can be useful to study resonance phenomena. If
FREQF is negative, only this harmonic will be plotted as time function.

An example of ferroresonance follows, where the amplitude for some frequencies rise with
time

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  35
 

Appendix 5

SHAFT.

GTPPLOT can estimate fatigue from the torque output and shaft data.
This website stores data such as
cookies to enable The methodsite
essential is described in [8].
functionality, as well as marketing,
personalization,Theand authors
analytics.ofYouthis paper developed an auxiliary program (named PERVIDSM) to estimate
may change your thesettings
fatigue,at reading
any timethe torques from the .lis file (the ATP output) of each case. The program
was settings.
or accept the default compiled with constant parameters, corresponding to the machine studied, and was
verified with a commercial program of a European consulting firm.

Privacy Policy GTPPLOT reads the torque values from a ATP case, and shaft data from an auxiliary file (one
for each shaft section)
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The shaft section data may be in Metric or
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Analytics
As sample, the following are the data for the
t he first section of the machine studied
st udied in the paper:
Save Accept All
In metric units
  36
 

HP-IP SECTION section's name

METRIC
706.376221 SU static strength (MPa)
0.325 DEXT external diameter (m)
0.130 DINT internal diameter (m)
2.40 K stress concentration factor
1.11 CS roughness factor
1.27 AKT size factor

or in British units
HP-IP SECTION section's name
ENGLISH
102.41 SU static strength (kpsi)
12.7952756 DEXT external diameter (inches)
5.11811024 DINT internal diameter (inches)
2.40 K stress concentration factor
1.11 CS roughness factor
1.27 AKT size factor

Only the first 14 characters are significative for each line.

The routine SHAFT used in GTPPLOT is a conversion of the program PERVIDSM, as

donated by its author.

References:

[9] J. A. Nizovoy, J. L. Alonso, A. C. Alvarez and L. M. Bouyssede, 'SSR Studies in

Argentina for the Bahia Blanca Generating Plant', IPST 97- International Power System
Transients Conference, Seattle, USA, June 23-27, 1997.

[10] H. E. Locay, D. G. Ramey and W. R. Brose, 'TURBINE-GENERATOR SHAFT LOSS-

OF-LIFE CONCEPTS FOR POWER SYSTEM DISTURBANCES', Fortieth Annual
American Power Conference, Chicago, Illinois, April 24-26 1978. Westinghouse Electric
Corporation.

[11]data
This website stores A. C.
suchAlvarez,
as J. A. Nizovoy and L. A. Almassio, 'FATIGA POR OSCILACIONES
cookies to enable TORSIONALES
essential site EN UNIDADES TURBOGENERADORAS', (in Spanish), Seminario
functionality, as Universidad Nacional de Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Bahía Blanca, Dec. 1984.
well as marketing,
personalization, and analytics. You
may change your settings at any time
or accept the default settings.
Sample of SHAFT

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Output of GTPPLOT for a case: (only the significative parts)
Marketing........
Section HP-IP
Static admissible stress 706.376221 MPa = 102.410004 kpsi
Personalization
External diameter 0.325000 m = 12.795276 inches
Internal diameter 0.130000 m = 5.118110 inches
Analytics
Theoretical concentration stress factor 2.400000
Roughness factor 1.110000
Save Size Accept
factor All 1.270000
Total reduction factor for fatigue 3.383280
   37

Number of relative extremes : 207

Cycles identified by rainflow : 87
Cycles without fatigue : 87
Shaft loss of life : 0.000000E+00 %
............
Section IP-LP
Static admissible stress 706.376221 MPa = 102.410004 kpsi
External diameter 0.435000 m = 17.125984 inches
Internal diameter 0.108000 m = 4.251969 inches
Theoretical concentration stress factor 1.900000
Roughness factor 1.110000
Size factor 1.300000
Total reduction factor for fatigue 2.741700

Number of relative extremes : 205

Cycles identified by rainflow : 86
Cycles without fatigue : 79
Shaft loss of life : 0.111117E-02 %
...........
Section LP-GE
Static admissible stress 804.458862 MPa = 116.629967 kpsi
External diameter 0.435000 m = 17.125984 inches
Internal diameter 0.108000 m = 4.251969 inches
Theoretical concentration stress factor 1.850000
Roughness factor 1.110000
Size factor 1.300000
Total reduction factor for fatigue 2.669550

Number of relative extremes : 208

Cycles identified by rainflow : 84
Cycles without fatigue : 48
Shaft loss of life : 0.151156E-01 %
...........
Section GE-EX
Static admissible stress 804.458862 MPa = 116.629967 kpsi
External diameter 0.190000 m = 7.480315 inches
Internal diameter 0.122000 m = 4.803150 inches
Theoretical concentration stress factor 1.400000
Roughness factor 1.110000
Size factor 1.210000
Total reduction factor for fatigue 1.880340

This website storesNumber of relative

data such as extremes : 233
Cycles identified by rainflow : 101
cookies to enableCycles
essentialwithout
site fatigue : 101
functionality, as well as marketing,
Shaft loss of life : 0.000000E+00 %
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