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Laboratory Report PHYS 103: Experimental General Physics

This laboratory report summarizes an experiment on free fall. The student measured the falling time of a metal ball dropped from various heights and calculated the average velocity and acceleration due to gravity. However, the results did not agree well with theory, as the calculated value of g was 13.6 m/s2 with a large error of 38.8% compared to the accepted value of 9.8 m/s2. The student attributes the discrepancies to errors in the measuring instruments.

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Raghad Abu znad
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196 views

Laboratory Report PHYS 103: Experimental General Physics

This laboratory report summarizes an experiment on free fall. The student measured the falling time of a metal ball dropped from various heights and calculated the average velocity and acceleration due to gravity. However, the results did not agree well with theory, as the calculated value of g was 13.6 m/s2 with a large error of 38.8% compared to the accepted value of 9.8 m/s2. The student attributes the discrepancies to errors in the measuring instruments.

Uploaded by

Raghad Abu znad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section:….

Experimental General Physics

Laboratory Report PHYS 103 Fall 2021

Experiment Name:____Free fall ________________

Experiment Date: _____15/09/2021__________________________

Student Name: Raghad Yahya

Report Rubric
Elements Max Points
Abstract 5
Equations 3
Equipment 3
Implemented Procedure 4
Data 5
Graphs 20
Results 4
Analysis and units
Significant figures and
decimal places 15
Sample Calculations 20
Discussion and Conclusion 20
References 1
Total 100

Dr. Dorra Turki


Section:….

1 Aim of the experiment


- Identify falling objects.
- Measuring the acceleration due to gravity of a freely falling object.
- To generate and analyze graphs by using excel.

1 Theory

The free fall equation are identical to the equations of motion with Constant acceleration. v = v 0
+at x= x 0 + V 0 t+ ½ a t 2  The acceleration ( a) is replaced by the acceleration due to gravity
( g) and the variable x ( x) is replaced by ( y). v = v 0 – g t y= y 0 + v 0 t + ½ g t 2 V : Speed
(m/s) V 0 : Initial speed (m/s) t : time (s) y : height (m) y 0: initial height (m) g = 9.8 m/s 2

2 Equipment
- Holding magnet.
- Digital timer.
- Metal ball.
- Contact plate.
- Meter rod

3 Procedure
- Set the operating mode of the counter to t E→ F by pressing the MODE key.
- Press the START key so the associated LED shines.
- Set a falling distance  y between the ball and the contact plate according to the following table.
- Press the key of the holding magnet adapter quickly to start the free fall of the ball.
- When the ball hits the contact plate, read the falling time and repeat the measurement two more
times.

Dr. Dorra Turki


Section:….

5. Results

(Put correct units in the tables and add columns to convert to SI units)

∆𝑦 ∆𝑦 ( t1 t2 t3 tav ∆𝑦 SD tav δ SD tav


( m) δ( vav =
cm ∆𝑦) (m) tav
)
49. 0.492 0.001 0.32 0.26 0.283 0.291666 1.686857 0.031895 0.018414 0.184500
2 7 5 67 14 66 97 75

59. 0.593 0.001 0.30 0.31 0.267 0.295866 2.004281 0.024662 0.014239 0.167106
3 7 3 6 67 21 79 07 64
70 0.7 0.001 0.31 0.31 0.407 0.347 2.017291 0.052 0.030022 0.302316
9 5 07 21 72
81 0.81 0.001 0.34 0.33 0.34 0.34 2.382352 0.006 0.003464 0.042144
6 4 94 1 28

5.1. Uncertainty of the timer.

0.00001(s)

5.2. The error of the mean of the time.


t 1+t 2+t 3 4.32614 .27814 .293
6. tav= = =0.29 s
n 3
7.
( t 1−tav )2 + ( t 2−tav )2 + ( t 3−tav )2
8.
√ 3−1
)2 ( )2 ( )2
9. = 0.327−0.29 + 0.265−0.29 + 0.283−0.29 =0.03 s
(
√ 3−1
SD 0.03
10. σ t́= = =0.02 s s
√3 √3

Dr. Dorra Turki


Section:….

10.1. The error of the average velocity.

2 2
δ
∆y
( ) (
tav
=
√ 1
tav
∗σ ∆ y +
(−∆ y )
)(
( tav )2
∗σt av
)
2 2
δ(∆y
tav
= ) √( 1
0.292
∗0.001 +
(−0.492 )
) (
( 0.292 )2
∗0.03 =0.2
)
10.2. Graph of the velocity over time vs. time.

Graph of Velocity over time


3
2.5
velocity (m/s)

2 f(x) = 6.78 x − 0.14


R² = 0.48
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.28 0.29 0.3 0.31 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.35 0.36
T avg (s)

10.3. Slope and intercept of the graph and their errors.

slope 6.7846 sec -0.1391 intercept


sec
error of slope 0.0701m/s 0.0074 sec error of intercept
R² 0.4758

10.4. Does your data represent the theory?

Dr. Dorra Turki


Section:….

No, it is not representing the theory because R2 is not close to 1.

10.5. Value of the acceleration of gravityg.


11. g=2× slope=2× 6.78=13.6 m/ s2

11.1. The error of g.


g exp .−g theor .
error% = | g theor . |
× 100 %

%error = |9.8−13.6
9.8 |
× 100=38.8 %

11.2. Comparison with accepted value of g.


It is far from the accepted value of g, and the error percent is large (38.8 %)

6. Discussion.

It does not agree with the theoretical value as our Gexp value is higher than the Gtheo, which
could happen due to the error in the measuring instruments that we used. Also the error percent
is high.

Dr. Dorra Turki


Section:….

Dr. Dorra Turki

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