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Liquid Flow Measurement in Open Channels - Slope-Area Method

This document outlines the slope-area method for determining liquid flow in open channels. The slope-area method uses observations of the surface slope and cross-sectional area of the channel to calculate liquid flow. It is suitable for stable channels made of materials like rock or clay. The method provides reasonable accuracy but larger uncertainties for channels with changing boundaries or sediment load. It can be used to determine discharge from gauge readings during or after a flood event when other measurement methods are not possible.

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Prashant Chougule
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116 views1 page

Liquid Flow Measurement in Open Channels - Slope-Area Method

This document outlines the slope-area method for determining liquid flow in open channels. The slope-area method uses observations of the surface slope and cross-sectional area of the channel to calculate liquid flow. It is suitable for stable channels made of materials like rock or clay. The method provides reasonable accuracy but larger uncertainties for channels with changing boundaries or sediment load. It can be used to determine discharge from gauge readings during or after a flood event when other measurement methods are not possible.

Uploaded by

Prashant Chougule
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(PREVIEW)

IS 2912 : 1999
ISO 1070 : 1992

Indian Standard
LIQUID FLOW MEASUREMENT IN OPEN
CHANNELS - SLOPE-AREA METHOD
(First Revision)
1 Scope

This International Standard specifies a method of determining liquid flow in open channels from
observations of the surface slope and cross-sectional area of the channel. It is suitable for use under
somewhat special conditions when direct measurement of discharge by more accurate methods, such as the
velocity-area method, Is not possible.
The slope-area method can be used with reasonable accuracy in open channels having stable boundaries,
bed and sides (e.g. rock or very cohesive clay), in lined channels and in channels with relatively coarse
material. It may also be used in alluvial channels, including channels with over bank now or non-uniform
channel cross-sections, but in these cases the method is subject to large uncertainties owing to the selection
of the rugosity coefficient (such as Manning's coefficient n or Chezy’s coefficient ).
Generally the method may be used to determine Discharge
a) at the time of determining gauge heights from a series of gauges;
b) for a peak now that left marks on a series of gauges or where peak stages were recorded by a series of
gauges;
c) for a peak now that left high-water marks along the stream banks.

This method is not suitable for use in very large channels, channels with very flat surface slopes and high
sediment load or channels having significant curvature.
Although the accuracy of the results given by the slope-area method is less than that of the results given by
the velocity-area method, the slope-area method is sometimes the only method that can be used for
determining the extreme high-stage end of rating curves in cases where the magnitude of floods is such that
other methods of measuring discharge cannot be used.

2 Normative references.
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are
subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members
of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.

ISO 772: 1988: Liquid flow measurement in open channels - Vocabulary and symbols.
ISO 1100-2:1982, Liquid flow measurement in open channels - Part 2: Determination of the stage-
discharge relation.
ISO 4373:1979, Measurement of liquid flow in open channels - Water level measuring devices.
ISO 5168:1978, Measurement of fluid flow – Estimation of uncertainty of a flow-rate measurement.

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