Misconceptions and

repeated mistakes
document

Dr.Nihal Gabr
For topic 1 A unit 1
fibrongen is globular but fibrin is fibrous

fibrinogen is soluble but fibrin is insoluble

insoluble because there are hundreds of amino acid and many R groups
strong because the triple helix and it has repeating amino acid sequence

primary structure determines 3d folding

amino acid determines the type of the bonds
position of amino acid determines the position of the bond
shape of the active site being determined by the amino acid
 blood pressure in the arteries is high ,the walls have collagen
so collagen will provide the strength

less glucose will make less ATP which is needed by the muscles
glycosidc bond (1,4)and (1,6) fromed by removal of water

branched and rapid realse of glycogen

properties of protein depends on the structure of protein
AzPHe could affect the secondary structure because of the different bonds of
R groups , new bonds may make the protein more stronger .
 1A.5.Proteins

br
l Ga
ha
Ni
&
n
wa

it will be wrong to kill insect , because insect have protein

ag
.N
Dr

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 045

 H

br
l Ga
ha
Ni
&
n
wa
ag
.N
Dr

5.5g in 250cm3 = 22.0

43.5/22 = 1.98

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 046

 br
Gal
ha
Ni
&
n
wa
ag
.N
Dr

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 047

 br
l Ga
ha
Ni
&
high conc. of protein in the gills , saliva stimulates protein in the gills
so there is a store of protein for insect , there is a high conc. of amino acid
n

in the gills , because amino acid is needed for protein synthesis

wa
ag
.N
Dr

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 048

 presence of carbxlic group which are polar groups form hydrogen bond
and water

water is solvent and polar

h
h
f increase in temp inc in solubility
G inc in temp increase up to 30 then decrease
H no effect on solubility
solubility of both increase with the temperature
soudium solubility increases linearly with the temperature inc.
but glucose increase exponential

increasing the temp has greater effect on solubility of glucose than

sodium
 180

3.08

glucose has many hydroxyl group therefore it forms more hydrogen bonds
with water molecules
Marking scheme

For topic 1 A unit 1

Biology Topic 1: Molecules, transport and health

1A.5.Proteins

r
ab
lG
\

ha
Ni
&
n
wa

Unethical to kill insects

insects contain proteins their bodies
ag

in

so this might affect the results

.N
Dr

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 044

Biology Topic 1: Molecules, transport and health

-8 -18 -8 -1g
OH NH
=

non-Polar =pcolor
. Cion) Polar Farm
Hydrogen

r
withwater

ab
.

lG
ha
Ni
•
&
✗ ✓ -
a- -
ion
✗
n
wa

✗
Histidine
ag

43.5g → 103cm}
.N

It
}
a-
a-

I → 250cm
Dr

Boff

↳zgo ✗ 1000 =Ki875m3

10.875 198=2
-5.5=198

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 045

 Biology Topic 1: Molecules, transport and health
zinsect no context in right
consequence
in fin scientific
way
+
English .

- 21
my Lg → 100%
3g
39
-

→ x -

r
ab
•

24 -

23

lG
-
•

21
I

ha
B-
Ni
5-
&

Eatin.IE?iEn:n.epei:ieinwi:n: : in.g: :.:n:nicnnea:.i

n
wa

.ae
ag

by 19 my
Ig
.N

Explanation because the saliva in the insect

Dr

-
→

contain enzymes that catalyse Faster protein synthesis

From the abundant amino acids in galls .

-
which has 86% more amino acids compared to
= =
than
healthy leaf .
[ to my Ig more amino acids

healthy leaves] . → Explain → Saliva contain enzymes

that stimulated 1 Catalysed breakdown of proteins into

amino acids that dealer on was absorbed into galls .

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 046

 Biology Topic 1: Molecules, transport and health

how common

<
<
<

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ab
lG
ha
Ni
&
answer
→.
Alanine, arginine are
mostly abundant in
P• leaves less abundant
galls and normal
n

and
wa

in leaves with galls indicating that they

are absorbed From leaves galls to
into
ag

be used in needed proteins in galls →

.N

Which are later used For growth of eggs of

Dr

insects .

Dr.Nagwan Gabr& Dr. Nihal Gabr 047

 evidence
Explain the results of this investigation. Use the information in both graphs and
the table to support your answer.
(6)
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

Highest concentration of amino acids in the gall as the saliva of

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

insect contain enzymes that stimulated the break down of

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

proteins in the leaf , and these amino acids are then absorbed
. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

into the gall to be used in protein synthesis in gall, as proteins

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are needed by the insect. Using enzymes From saliva as well .

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

which in turn caused galls to have the highest concentration of

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

Smyly
proteins which was 11% more compared to the leaf with gall.
. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

Alanine, arginine are mostly abundant in galls and normal

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

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leaves and less abundant in leaves with galls indicating that

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

they are absorbed from leaves in galls to be used in needed

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

proteins in the galls.

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

. . . . . . . . . . . ..................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ .............. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

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(Total for Question 7 = 11 marks)

25
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