.

THE PEDIGREE
OF MAN . .

UC-NRLF

B 3 TMb blfl

BESANT
leosophical Book Concern
426, 26 Van Buren Street,
Chicago.
-iilii
THE PEDIGREE OF MAN.
J><Ko<

Fouf Lectures delivered at the Twenty -eighth

Anniversary Meetings of the Theosophical
Society, at Adyai\ December^ ^QOJ.

ANNIE BESANT.

BENARES & LONDON,

Theosophical Publishing Society

1904.

Price Re. One.

 Printed bt Freeman & Co., Ltd.,

AT THE Tara Printing Works, Benares.

All Rights Reserved.

Registered under Act XXV of 1867.

 to theosophical
In sending out these lectures
students, I desire to preface
them with a word of
warning. They have no pretension to be an
*•
authoritative " statement, any more than has any
It may
other book which has come from my
pen.
have
seem needless to repeat a statement which I
often, but the tendency to regard
made so
the teaching of
the simple work of a student as
constantly, and
an authority appears to recur
have
for repudiation also recurs. I
hence the need
difficult and
dealt in these lectures with a most
complicated subject; I have not had the opportu-
ity to consult with any one as to the accuracy of
means of which have
the observations made, by
I

filled up gaps in the series of facts given us by

H. hence they are the unverified observa-
P. B. ;

tions of a single student, made with such poor

powers as I possess, and made amid the turmoil
of a busy and crowded life. The things I have
observed have been very illuminative to me, and
have proved interesting and helpful to the many
good students in whose presence the lectures were
delivered. They have cleared up many puzzles,
and rendered intelligible many detached and con-
 ( " )

fusing statements. But even this is consistent

with many errors in detail, although it seems to in-
dicate that the main newly observed facts are true.

With regard to the fixing of ancient dates, 1

find myself wholly incompetent. It is easy to

observe the co- presence of man and certain types
of animals on the globe, but this gives little help
in fixing precise dates. I have in this followed the
Secret Doctrine, because every little advance I have
made in knowledge has proved to me the general ac-
curacy of that marvellous book, and H. P. B. had
a sweep and grasp of occult knowledge which
none among us can pretend to rival.
I may, perhaps, add that certainty on such
matters as are dealt with in these lectures is of no
great importance. The subject of our past is of
profound interest, but errors in detail may consist
with a helpful grasp of main truths and principles.
I have spared no pains to arrive at facts and avoid
mistakes, but accuracy on such questions is more
a question of power than of care.

So I send out my little book, with a full con-

sciousness of its inadequacy, and yet with a hope
that it may help my fellow-students, at least tem-
porarily, until we all know more.

ANNIE BeSANT.
 Page.

Lecture I. The Monadic Pedigree ... i

Lecture II. The Physical Pedigree ... 40

Lecture III. The Intellectual Pedi-

gree ... .•• 2^

Lecture IV. The Human Races ... 117

 LECTURE I.

The Spiritual Pedigree,

'RIENDS: Many of >'ou will have noticed

'^''
that, in western lands, science during the last

fifty years has been trying to trace what is

cy^
called the pedigree of man. In Germany, in

France, in England, scientific men have tried to

arrange the vast number of facts collected, so as to

draw a genealogical tree and represent the way in
which man has evolved from the fire-mist to the
civilised human being. The great difficulty with

ref^ard to these pedigrees of man has been the

fact that they only apply to his physical nature ;

in the tracing of his body, scientists trace from step

to step the way in which that wonderful and compli-
cated organism has been built up cell by cell in

all the kingdoms of nature ; and this they have

done with wonderful patience and with a large

degree of success, although their ignorance of

successive cycles of growth has caused much
confusion, much linking together of types separa-
ted by incalculable a^ons of time, and much
turning upside down of sequences, and translation

of descendants into the seats of ancestors.

 —
[ 2 )

But when you have traced even accurately the

pedigree of man's body, you have not traced the
pedigree of man. Man is not body the body ;

is but the garment that he wears ; and man can

never be understood, when you leave out of his
pedigree the Spirit that makes him eternal, and the
intelligence, which is an aspect of that Spirit,
differentiating itself in the world of matter, and
manifesting as intellect and as mind. Thus the
scientific pedigrees of man are all practically

thrown out of court by the partial nature of the

pedigree, and by the fact that you find the least
human part of man exclusively dealt with. In
heosophical teachings — those which have been
tgiven to us by the great Ili§his of the past, re-

inforced, verified, and repeated in scripture after

scripture of all the great religions of the world

in these you will find a truer pedigree, that deals

with every part of the nature of man. It is not

alone in the Hindu Shastras, though they are the

fullest in this respect, that you can find traces of

that primeval revelation, that you can under-
stand something of the long road that man has
travelled in his journey from the mineral to the
God ; nay, rather should I say, from God to the

mineral and then from the mineral to the God, for,

as is truly said, not only in Hindu by

writings, but

our brothers of IsIAm ! "From God we came, and

 [ 3 ]

unto God do we return."

In order, then, that we may trace man's pedigree

aright, we shall do well to follow the broad out-

lines laid down by that great disciple of the Rishis,

H. P. B., whom here I salute, with my heart's grati-

tude, for the light and the knowledge that she has
brought to the modern world. At the very outset
of these lectures I would acknowledge my debt to
her great work, the Secret Doctrine, from which
the whole plan and innumerable details are taken ;

I have added some facts, filled up some lacunae,

bridged some gulfs, perhaps, but most of the
materials are hers, and are drawn from that record
of her vast occult knowledge, her giant grasp of
facts.^

She taught us that, in trying to understand man

and his pedigree, we must mark three great lines

of evolution : First, the spiritual, which is by far

the most important, for Spirit is the master of

matter, guides it, shapes it, builds it into form ; and
unless the spiritual pedigree be known, man remains
an insoluble problem. Then, at the other pole of
human nature, the physical, the pedigree of man's
body. The spiritual pedigree is coming down
the
by slow degrees of Spirit into Matter. The phy-

1 lu consequence of this, references to tho Secret

Doctrine are only given when special reason exists. The
whole lectures may be said to refer to it constantly.
 [ 4 ]

sical pedigree is the result of the upward climbing

of the Spirit through the Matter, which it shapes
for the expression of its own inherent powers.
Then, looking at these two great lines, one from
above downwards, the other from below upwards,
we come to a point at which a third line of the
evolution of man's pedigree joins these others, and
links them both to form the human being. That
is the intellectual evolution ; that is the coming of
the Ego to take possession of his physical taber-
nacle, and to link to that tabernacle the Spirit
which has brooded over it, which has by its subtle
influence shaped and fashioned it. When we
have traced the spiritual evolution, the physical
evolution, the intellectual evolution, then there un-
folds before us a vast picture, in which we can see
the whole pedigree of man traced in broad illumi-
native outlines, and we can begin to understand
something of the wonder of that Human Nature
which is God, God in manifested form, divine in

essence and in powers,

H. P. B. says :
'*
There exists in nature a triple
evolutionary scheme, for the formation of the three
periodical Up^dhis ; or rather three separate
schemes of evolution, which in our system are inex-
tricably interwoven and interblended at every

point. . . I. The Monadic, as the name implies, is

concerned with the growth and development into

 [ S ]

still higher phases of activity of the IMonads, in

conjunction with : 2. The Intellectual, represented
by the Alanasa-DhyAnis (the Solar Devas, or the
Agnishvatta Pitris), the givers of inteUieence and
'

consciousness to man and 3. The Physical,

'
; :

represented by the ChhAyas of the Lunar Pitjris,

round which Nature has concreted the present

physical body It is the union of these three
streams in him, which makes him the complex
being he now is."^

Now that is the great task that lies before us

in these lectures. To my hands, too feeble for the
task, to m}^ lips, not sufficiently articulate to speak
It, has fallen this work, really far too great for one
like myself, so limited alike in knowledge and in

power to^ain it ; and all that I can hope to do is

to place you the results of some study,

before
guided by knowledge far greater than my own,
hoping by that, not to dictate to you a scheme that
you are bound to accept but, to throw out such
hints as a student may throw out to students,
which may help you in your own study and in
your own research to serve, if I may be so for-
;

tunate, as a clue through the labyrinth of nature,

which may aid you in your struggle to traverse
it.

To-day we take the first of these three lines of

1 Sccyci Dooirine. i. 203, 204.

 [ 6 ]

human pedigree, the spiritual pedigree of man.

In order to understand that, we must begin with
two vast outlines. The first, the outline of those
great Hierarchies of Intelligences, of spiritual

Intelligences, who, in past kalpas, past universes,

having completed their own human evolution, have
climbed up to be co-workers with Ishvara in the

shaping of a new Brahmanda ; these are the Hierar-

chies that guide and mould, the Architects, the
Builders, of solar systems. We need to get some
idea, however vague, however imperfect, however
paltry, of these vast Hierarchies that fill our solar
system, and to whom vv^e owe our own spiritual

evolution ; some idea, traced with reverence, how-

ever imperfect it may be, for They are the life of
the universe. They are the guiders of spiritual,
intellectual and physical evolution. The second
outline is that of the Field of Evolution, the
place wherein the evolution goes on.
Now according to the old occult records,

identical on this point with the most ancient Hindu

teachings, we find that our solar system has a life

stretching behind it into what, to us, is an illimit-

able past, counting, it is said, some i, 95 5.^84,703
years up to the present time ;
^ a period so vast

that it is but words that I utter ;

the words convey
no idea to the human mind save that of illimitable

1 Secret Dvetrine. ii. 72 and note.

 —
[ ; ]

antiquity. Going back into that far off past, we

see, to use the splendid simile of Manu, Ishvara as
a Mountain of Light appearing to illuminate
the darkness. No words can better convey the
idea of that dawn of a new universe ; words are
almost hindrances in the way of the vague idea of
the upspringing Light in the midst of darkness
unfathomable. That is the simile chosen by the
Father of Mankind, when he desired to describe to
men the dawn of the solar system. Then we are
told — and we can only reverently repeat what we
are told — that ishvara unfolds Himself into a
triple manifestation, into three Forms, and from
that marvellous lig^»t we see issuing in wondrous
magnificent outlines three mighty and divine
Forms. They are the Powers, the Aspects, of
Ishvara, to be manifested in the coming universe
He who creates, He who preserves, He who
destroys when the end of the system approaches.
The One in three Forms, the Three whose essence
is One —
we may phrase it as we will. Dimly we
feel that we gaze at three upMhis that appear for

purposes of functioning, but that divide not the

all-embracing Consciousness that ensouls Them,
Those wondrous Forms we call the LoGOI, using
that Greek term which means the WORD, because
the idea of sound best expresses the incalculable
potencies of manifested Deity — sound which
 [ 8 ]

creates, supports, destroys. Now this triplicity ap-

pears in every religion, save here and there, where
for passing and temporary causes it has not been
clearly and definitely stated. Go back to far
Chaldea, study the remains plucked from the
opened tombs of dead Egypt, the secrets which
its mummies unfold, and everywhere, as well as in
Hindu Shnstras, do you find shining out the Three
from the One, One in the divinity of Their nature,
Three in Their manifested powers.
Then, around that wondrous Trimurti, we see,

standing in the light coming forth from Them,

Those, the fruits of past universes, who have won
to that marvellous spiritual height ; and the next
Forms that we dimly glimpse, in the middle of the
light, are of Those who are called the Seven.
The descriptive v/ords, the names, applied to that
number, the Seven, differ in different religions.
The Hindu speaks of the seven sons of Aditi — the
eighth was M^rtt^nda, the Sun ; each son, or
Aditya, having his own "house." They have been
called the Seven Spirits in the Sun the seven
;

Mystery Gods was Their name in ancient Egypt.

They were called in the religion of Zoroaster the
seven Amshaspends. Among the Jews, They are
the seven Sephiroth ; among the Christians and
Muhammadans, They are the seven Archangels.
The names do not matter. Suffice it that every
 [ 9 ]

religion points to Them as standing round the

manifested Trinity, forming the Viceroys, as it

were, of tshvara in the vast Empire of the solar

system, each one with His own kingdom, each one

administering His own department. We call

Them Theosophy the Planetary Logoi, because

in

these seven Spirits in the Sun have ever been

identified with the seven sacred planets, which are
Their physical bodies ; those planets in their outer
form here are globes, some of the globes that
make up our solar system but in their spiritual ;

nature they are these mighty Sons of Aditi, who

has each His own house, that is, His own planet,
ruling over His own kingdom, a definite depart-
ment of the solar universe. Round these again,
in a wider circle, there come the mighty Ones, the

Hierarchies that are the creative Hierarchies, or the

Twelve Creative Orders, of the universe. These
are headed by the Twelve Great Gods, that appear
in very ancient stories, looming vast and magni-
ficent from the vast distance in v.'hich They dwell.

These are symbolised in the familiar Signs of the

Zodiac ; for no modern fancy, but
the Zodiac is

was given to the Fourth Race of men by the

mighty Teachers, and you may read in your own
names of some of these teachers, one of
records the
whom, Asuramaya, is known as the first of the great
astronomers ; it was he who gave the Zodiacs to
 [ 10 ]

Egypt and to India. Those astronomical wheels are

the symbols, the pictures, in which the plan of the
solar system is written, and in the traditions of the
past we find the clue to the labyrinth, and we
realise why we are told that a planet "rules," or is

the Lord of, one of the signs of the Zodiac. For

the planet is the Planetary Spirit, and His sign of
the Zodiac is one of the chief Creative Hierarchies,
containing within itself the remaining Hierarchies
as sub-hierarchies, and these, under His control
and direction, build up His kingdom, and help the
Monads in it to evolve. If you bear this in mind,
the picture, though wonderful, will not be confused.
First comes the great Trinity ; round that Trinity
the seven Spirits who are his Viceroys in His
universe ; around Them the twelve Creative Hierar-
chies, busy with the work of the construction of the
universe. Now at the present stage of evolution,
out of these twelve Creative Hierarchies, five have
passed away from the ken of even the greatest and
most developed Teachers of our world four of ;

them have passed onward into liberation, and one

!s touching the threshold of liberation ; so that in
our own evolution we have now only to deal with
seven ; these all touch, as it were, our fragment of

Deity, the portion of tshvara, ^ the Jtv^fm^, the

living beinc^, that presently we shall find com-
1 •' A portion of Mj'self, a living bo'mg." Blmgarad-Gita,. xv. 7.
 [ II ]

poses one of these very Hierarchies in his highest,

most spiritual, nature. Let us try to glimpse the
main characteristics of These, for we need, however
vaguely, to characterise each of Them, so that They
may not be wholly blurred in our eyes, dazzled
by the radiance in which They dwell.
First comes the Order that is only de-
scribable by words connected with fire Formless ;

Fiery Breaths, they are called, Lords of Fire,

Divine Flames, Divine Fires, Fiery Lions, Lions
of Life : name after name, epithet after epithet, all

circling round the attribute of fire, for They, it is writ-

and the Heart of the universe, the

ten, are the Life
Atm^, the kosmic Will, and through Them comes
the divine Ray of Param^tma, that awakens Atm^
in the Monad of man.
Below Them comes the second great Hierarchy,
two-fold in its nature, the " two-fold units," Fire
and Ether, manifested Reason, the Wisdom of the
system, that we speak of as kosmic Buddhi, that
arouses Buddhi in the Monad of man.

Below Them again, the third, Mahat, or kosmic

Manas, "the Triads," Fire, Ether, Water, the
kosmic Activity, that will also bestow part of its

essence on the Monad of man as he descends.

These are the ArApa Creative Orders, dweliingf

in matter too subtle to assum.e a limiting form,
 —
[ 12 ]

matter in which all " forms " intermingle and in-

terpenetrate.
Below these come the Rupa Creative Orders,
and first of these, fourth among the Hierarchies, is

that which is ours, the Hierarchy of human Monads,

not yet having left the bosom of our Highest
Father, wherein in truth we ever remain, inseparable
from Him, although to us, in the mazes of matter,
we seem to be utterly separated and distinct. We
can dimly glimpse them as they stand there in the
glory of their birth, with a "certain spiritual indi-
viduality," it is written,become more
which has to

and more separate on the lower planes These we ;

shall come back to in a moment, after this rough

and hasty outlining of the seven great Hierarchies,

meant to give us a bird's eye view of the whole ;

these, called the Imperishable Jivas, are the fourth

of the seven Creative Orders — out of the twelve
with which we are concerned. Then we come to
the later three, that contain within them many who
have already entered evolution in our own planetary
scheme in past kalpas, and of whom we may learn
a little more, because they touch our own evolution.
The fifth Hierarchy is named that of Makara,
and has for its sj/mbol the pentagon ; in this the
dual spiritual and the dual physical aspects of nature
appear, the positive and the negative, at war with
"
each other ; these are the turbulent, the " rebels
 [ 13 ]

of many a my thos. Much shall we hear of some of

these presently, of those who are called the Asuras,

born of the first Body of Brahma, the Body which,
cast off, became Darkness. A great host of Beings
in this Hierarch}' have come from a past universe,
and spring forth, fullgrown as it were, from the
Planetary Logos. These also seem to be called
Asuras, but we are specially concerned with those
born from the Body of Darkness, and belonging
to this universe by their These are
evolution.
Beings of great spiritual power and spiritual know-
ledge, but hide deep within themselves the germ,
the essence, of Ahamk^ra, of that I -making faculty
which is necessary for human evolution. They
are the fruitage of the first planetary Chain, a word
that will become more familiar as we proceed.
The sixth of these great Hierarchies contains
some that we can also recognise, who are born of the
Body of Brahm^ which is known as the Body of
Light, or of Day ; a group of Devas is seen,
shining out amid this host of Devas with especial
glory, the Pitris of the Devas, known by who are
the name of the Agni^hvAttas, Those who are called
the "six- fold Dhy^nis;" They give to man all
but the Atm^ and the physical body, and so are
called the givers of the " five middle human princi-
ples." They guide the Monad in obtaining the per-
manent atoms connected with these principles, or
 [ 14 ]

the " five-fold plasm." They are the fruitage of the

second planetary Chain. This Hierarchy includes
also great hosts of Devas, the highset Nature
Spirits, or Elementals of the Middle Kingdom.
The seventh Hierarchy contains those whom we
know best under the name of the Lunar Pitris, or
the Barhi^had Pitfis, born of the Body of Brahm^
which is called that of the Twilight, the Sandhy^.
They have to do with physical evolution, as the
Agni§hvAtta Pitfis have to deal with the intellec-

tual evolution, of man, so that we shall meet with

both of these as we go on with our study. Then,
those we see crowding round them, belonging to
their Hierarchy, are their agents in the work that
lies before them, vast hosts of Devas, the lower
Nature Spirits, or Elementals of the Lowest King-
dom, who will have to do with the actual building
of the body of man. And here too are the
" spirits of atoms," the seeds of evolution in future
kalpas, with which we have here nothing to do.
Thus the seven great Hierarchies, or Creative
Orders, stretch before us in their splendour, ready
for the work that lies before them, the work of
guiding their youngers along the path of evolution,
the work of directing the unfolding of spiritual

powers in a universe of matter.

Now glance with me at the second great out-

line, that of the Field of Evolution. Over this I
 [ 15 ]

pass rapidly, because its outlines will come to be

very distinct as we deal with physical evolu-

tion ; but we cannot catch the points of the spiri-

tual evolution, unless we have before us the broad

outlines of the Field in which that evolution is

taking place. I call it the Field, borrowing that

term, K§hetra, from the Bliagavad-Gttd, because

it is the very type of Matter. That word expres-
ses, better than any term I can fashion for myself,
all that is included under the name of Matter, in
which evolution is to go on. We confine ourselves

now kingdom of one Planetary Logos, that

to the

to which we belong, for each Planetary Logos

presides over one Field of Evolution, and this we
must study. I only deal with the fundamental
principles. First, grasp clearly and strongly the
phases of the Field. They are repeated over and
over again, and, if once grasped, will be the Ariadne's
clue to the labyrinth. There are seven great
stages of spiritual evolution. During three the
Spirit descends. As it descends, it broods over
Matter imparting qualities, it gives to IMatter certain

powers, certain qualities, certain attributes, and those

qualities, powers, and attributes are the outcome
of

the first three stages of the descent of Spirit. Then

comes a stage, the fourth, that stands alone, where
having been thus gifted with various powers
]\Iatter,

and various attributes, comes into manifold relations

 [ l6 ]

with the informing Spirit, which now enters it.

This is the great battle of the universe, the conflict

between Spirit and Matter, the battle of Kuru-
k§hetra, of the vast hosts of the two opposing
armies. Here, in this part of the Field, is

the point of balance ; the Spirit, coming into in-

numerable relations with Matter, is at first over-
powered ; then comes the point of balance, when
neither has the advantage over the other ; then
slowly the Spirit begins to triumph over Matter,
so that, when this fourth stage is over, Spirit is the
master of Matter, and is ready for his ascent
through the three stages that complete the seven.
The Spirit, in these, organises the Matter which he
has mastered and ensouled, and turns it to his own
purposes, shapes it for his own expression, so that
Matter may become the means whereby all the
powers of the Spirit shall be made manifest and
active ; the last three stages are taken up by that
spiritual ascent. Three, then, of descent, giving
qualities ; one of struggle, forming manifold rela-

tions ; three of ascent, wherein Matter is fashioned

by Spirit into the perfect vehicle he needs for his

own manifestation.

We may arrange it thus in tabular form :

Three downward-) Qualities- Materialising.

Seven Stages -{ One balance Relations Conflicting.

Three upvy-ards Organisms. Spiritualising^

 ;

[ 17 ]

main repeated
Now cling to that idea, for it is

at every stage, and governs each stage, no matter

how many additional complexities may mark
the stage; over and over again it gives you
when you are losing yourselves in that
the clue,
confusion of Chains, Rounds, Globes and Races,
that is so fertile a source of trouble to the theoso-
phical student.
What is the next thing to grasp ? That which
is called the Considered as a
planetary Chain.
whole, it forms the Up^dhis of the Planetary Logos,
in which His life incarnates. Seven stages must be
passed through, so seven the Chains will be three ;

Chains in which Spirit will be descending one ;

Chain, the fourth, in which Spirit and Matter will

be inter-linking and inter-weaving and forming
innumerable relations then three chains of up-
;

ward climbing, at the end of which all shall return

to merge
into the bosom of the Planetary Logos,
into Ishvara with the fruitage of evolution. The
the
planetary Chain may thus be thought of as
bodies in which the life of the Planetary
Logos
reincarnates itself seven times, each Chain
be-
each
ginning with the fruitage of its predecessor,
handing on to its successor that which itself has
made. The period during which a planetary Chain
lasts is called a planetary Manvantara, and each
Manvantara is followed by a planetary Pralaya
2
 [ i8 ]

the whose highest principles have been

beings
evolved during the Manvantara pass at its close,
into a blissful state of super-consciousness, the plane-
tary Nirvana, while those who have not evolved so
far sink into peaceful sleep. These " nirv^nts " do
not come back to birth until the succeeding Chain
has evolved up^dhis suitable to their further evolu-
tion, and they then take up again their further
growth.
Let us now examine a single planetary Chain,
and see how it is composed, what are the links
that make up the Chain. Each link of the Chain
is a Round, or circle of life a wave
; of life makes
a complete circle, on the principle already enunci-
ated, passing through seven stages ; during three
stages the life-wave descends into matter, and gives
birth to more and more material forms ; in the

fourth the life-wave evolves forms in which conflict

is carried on ; in the remaining three the life- wave
ascends, and the forms to which it has given birth
become more and more spiritual ; moreover, each
Round of the life-wave evolves one kingdom of
nature— the three elemental, the mineral, vegetable,
animal, human — to the highest perfection of its

own type, the future types, not belonging to

the Round, being indeed present, but more or less
embryonic, compared with their future develop-
ment. Thus seven Rounds, seven successive circles
 [ 19 ]

of the life-wave, are the links which compose the

planetary Chain.
life-circle,
Let us take a single Round, a single
and we find this again has its own seven stages,
world. In
but this time each stage is a Globe, a
in the middle,
the first three forms are evolved ;

the gulf is spanned between the forms

and the over-
brooding Spirits, and the forms become ensouled ;

in the later three, the Spirits shape the forms to

their will. To distinguish these Globes from

each other, the letters of the alphabet from A to

have been used, and the Globes in the arc of

G
descent and those in the arc of ascent correspond
with each other those in the upward arc
:
showing

out in completion that which those in the

down-
ward arc embryonically adumbrate, while the
middle Globe is the point of balance, of conflict,
of turning. Globe A is of subtle mental
matter,

and is archetypal, /. e, contains the archetypes of

the forms to be produced in the Round ;
H. P. B.
explains :
" The word '
archetypal '
must not be
taken here in the sense that the Platonists gave to
it, i, e, the world as it existed in the mind of the
Deity ; but in that of a world made as a first

model, to be followed and improved upon by the

worlds which succeed it physically." ^ Globe G,
corresponding with A as to matter, on the upward
1 Secret Doctrine, i. 221, note.
 [ 20 ]

arc, contains the archetypes of Globe A, worked out

in detail and perfected. Globe B is of denser mental
matter, and is creative, or intellectual, /. e., contains
the concrete types derived from the archetypes, the^
qualities marked, the forms crude and rough.
Globe F, corresponding with B on the upward
arc, contains these forms elaborated and refined.
Globe C is of astral matter and is substantial or for-
mative, /. c. builds the crude forms in denser matter,
and its corresponding globe E shows them in

similar matter, but exquisitely adapted for their

functions. Globe D is of physical matter, and is

the turning point, the field of conflict between

Spirit and Matter. On each Globe successively is

evolved one stage in the kingdom which is being

developed in the Round, so that when the life-wave
has completed its circuit round the seven GlobeSj
i, e. has completed a Round, the kingdom is com-
pletely evolved. And all the kingdoms, behind the
one characteristic of the Round, are advanced a
stage in their embryonic career. Thus in the first

Round, the Highest Elemental Kingdom is comple-

ted, the remaining two elemental and the mineral

shew all their types, and the vegetable, animal and

human are sketched out, but inchoate, and so on.

This will be more fully dealt with under physical

evolution. These Globes of our own Chain are
often spoken of in the PurAras as Dvipas, Jambu-
 [ 21 ]

dvlpa being our own earth.

Our own Field of Evolution, so that we may
realise where we are standing now,
must be clearly
seen. Our Planetary Logos, spoken of as BrahmS,
in His creative function to us, has already carried
evolu-
His kingdom into the fourth stage of
its

we are in
Of
the fourth planetary Chain.
tion ;

archetypal, we know
the first planetary Chain, the
nothing, save that it is spoken of as
His Body of
was
Darkness, or of Night, and that its fruitage
Chain, the
the Asuras. Of the second planetary
creative, we know nothing, save that it was His"

Body of Light, or of Day, and produced the

Agni?hv^tta Pit^is. Of the third planetary Chain
the formative, we know a little, for its globe D
was the Moon, and it was His Body of Twilight,
and evolved the Barhi?had Pitris and seven classes
Monads for its successor we call it the lunar
of ;

Chain. The fourth planetary Chain, the physical,

is the terrene, its globe D being our Earth, and

it is His Body of Dawn, and is evolving men.
down the broad outlines of
Having thus laid

the Hierarchies and the Field, we may

return to
that of the
the study of the fourth Hierarchy,
"
Human Monads, those who are to become " Men
in the terrene planetary Chain.
And this Chain is

balance, the
the fourth, the Chain of struggle, of
in which Spirit and Matter are
to be inter-
Chain
 [ 22 ]

linked and interwoven, so that the highest and the

lowest, the two poles of nature, shall join in one
complex being, Man — Man who is the starting-point
for the higher evolution. Moreover, the Monads
are now on the fourth Globe, Globe D, which is our
earth, the Globe of struggle and of balance, the
typical Globe of this Chain, being placed with re-
gard to the other Globes as this Chain is placed
with regard to the other Chains. The Monads are
thus at the very centre of the struggle, at the
point of keenest combat and of greatest difficulty,
truly on the planetary Kuruk§hetra ; here, on the
fourth Globe of the fourth Chain must be waged the
greatest conflict of Spirit and Matter, to end in

the triumph of Spirit.

I have used the word " Human Monad." Let
me define what is meant in occultism by the
word "Man." "Man" is that being in the uni-
verse, in whatever part of the universe he may be,

in whom highest Spirit and lowest Matter are

joined together by Intelligence, thus ultimately
making a manifested God, who will then go forth
conquering and to conquer, through the illimitable
future that stretches before him. " Man " is not
necessarily of just the form that you now see. He
may have a million forms ;
" Man " means that
being in whom Spirit and Matter have joined
hands, in whom they have become, or are becom-
 [ 23 ]

ing, balanced, in whom ultimately Spirit has con-

quered, or will conquer. Matter.
In whatever being those conditions are found,
"Man" is the word which is used in the occult

writings to describe him. It is not limited simply

to ourselves, one puny race of the vast human
Hierarchy. To show his position in evolution,
and that is the medium position I have described,
H. P. B. has said that every being in this universe

has passed through the human kingdom, or must

pass, if he has not already passed it ; if he has pas-
sed beyond he must have passed through it
it, if ;

he has not reached it, he will have to pass through

it in the future. It does not depend on this globe,
nor on this race. " Man " is the battle ground of
Matter and Spirit, and every being must, like
Yudhi^hthira, fight his Kurukshetra and conquer,
before he enters on his divine kingdom. Such
then is " Man."
The Monad is the divine Spirit which is man's
upper pole, born from Ishvara Himself, or rather
born within Him, as a centre in His life, " a por-
tion of Myself." " '
Lift thy head, O Lanoo ; dost
thou see one, or countless, lights above thee, burn-
ing in the dark midnight sky?' 'I sense one
Flame, O Gurudeva ; I see countless undetached
sparks shining in it.'" ^ The Flame is Ishvara, in
1 Occult Catechism, quoted in Secret Doctrine, i. 145.
 [ 24 ]

His manifestation as the First LOGOS ; the unde-

tached sparks are the human and other Monads.
The will of Ishvara to manifest works in these por-
tions of Himself, undetached from Him, and this
will them towards the world of matter, and
turns
they pass into the Second LOGOS, and dwell in
Him, the Sons of the Father from the Third ;

Logos they receive the touch that gives to each a

"spiritual individuality," the faint adumbration of
separateness. They enter the streams which from
the Three divide into the Seven, and each group
takes on the colour belonging to the Planetary
Logos into whom it has flowed, and then the seven
colours interweave in wondrous maze of flashing
h'ghts — the first great choral heavenly dance, the
solar Rasalil^ — until within each Planetary Logos
the seven rays of colour are seen, a sevenfold splend-
our, dominated in each by His own colour, which
lends its hue to all the rays within it. Hence is it

said that "every man is born under a planet," since

on each Globe in every planetary Chain appear the
seven groups of Monads, each coloured by his
" Father-Star."

Still is the Monad not ready to issue on his

long pilgrimage, for his attention is not turned
outwards, and the three aspects of his nature,
reproductions of the three aspects of tshvara, play
upon each other within him and are not turned to
 [ 25 ]

the universe. But now they begin to descend

through the Creative Orders. From the first Crea-
tive Hierarchy comes the life-thrill that awa-
kens to outward-turning life the Will, the ^tmic,
aspect ; from the second Creative Hierarchy pro-
ceeds the impulse that similarly awakens the
Wisdom, the buddhic, aspect ; from the third that
which awakens the Activity, the m^nasic, aspect.
Thus aroused to turn his attention outwards, the
Monad is ready for his descent.

These preparatory stages accomplished, the

vast host of the Monads that are to become hu-
man have reached their abiding-place, where they
will dwell for innumerable ages. They are the
fourth Creative Hierarchy, ready for their long
pilgrimage. Each of them is " an individual
Dhy^n Chohan, distinct from others," ^ but they are
too subtle, too lofty, in their nature to be able to
enter into the five-fold universe, the universe of
grosser matter.
Yet they must find a vehicle, since their divine
powers are to become effective in the worlds before
them, and as the mighty vibrations of the Sun
throw matter into the vibrations we call his rays,
so does the Monad cause the atomic matter of
the ^tmic, buddhic and manasic planes — surround-
ing him as the ether of space surrounds the Sun — to

1 Secret Doctrine, i. 2S5.

 [ 26 ]

vibrate, and thus makes to himself a Ra}^ triple like

his own three-fold nature. In this he is aided by

the fifth and sixth Creative Hierarchies, who have
passed through a similar experience before ; the fifth

Hierarchy guides the vibratory wave from the Will-

aspect to the ^tmic atom, and the ^tmic atom,
vibrating to the Will-aspect, is called Atm^ ; the
sixth Hierarchy guides the vibratory wave from
the Wisdom-aspect to the buddhic atom, and the
buddhic atom, vibrating to the Wisdom-aspect, is

called Buddhi ; also it guides the vibratory wave

from the Activity-aspect to the manasic atom, and
the manasic atom, vibrating to the Activity-aspect,
is called Manah. Thus Atma-Buddhi-Manah, the
Monad in the world of manifestation, is formed,
the Ray of the true Monad beyond the five-fold
universe.

Here is the mystery of the Watcher, the Spec-

tator, the actionlessAtma, who abides ever in

his triple nature on his own plane, and lives in

the world of men by his Ray, which animates his

shadows, the fleeting lives on earth. It is written
in the Stanzas of Dzy^n :
" Said the Flame to the
Spark: 'Thou art myself, my Image and my
Shadow. I have clothed myself in thee, and thou
art my v&han (vehicle) day " be with us,"
to the
when thou shalt rebecome myself and others, thy-
 —

[ 27 ]

self and me.'"^ The Flame, the Monad, sends out

the thread of Life, the triple thread, woven out
of his own nature, and on this, the Sutr^tm^, " the
Thread-Soul," are all the incarnations, the sha-

dows, strung. The Watcher and his Shadows

*'

the latter numbering as many as there are re-in-

carnations for the Monad are one. The Watcher, —
or the Divine Prototype, is at the upper end of
^
the ladder of being ; the Shadow at the lower."

He, the Watcher, is our Father in heaven, and

" I and my Father are one." We are the sha-
dows in our personalities, the Image — the Son of
the Father — in our individualities ; the innumerable
shadows are cast by the Ray, and are the pearls
strung on the thread of Life. The shadows do
the work on the lower planes, and are moved b}^

the Monad through his Image, or Ray, at first so

feebly that his influence is well-nigh imperceptible,
later with ever-increasing power :
" The thread
between the Silent Watcher and his Shadow be-
comes more strong and radiant with every
2
change."
We must now give to the Son the name of the
Father, to the Image the name of the Watcher,
and him the Monad for there is no other
call ;

name by which fitly to describe him, and truly is

he one and the same. But the Image is now
1 Secret Doctrine. \. 2S6. 2 Ihid. 285.
 [ 28 ]

clothed ill matter, veiled in Avidy^, and, blinded

by the envelope he has not yet essayed, he is weak
and limited in the world he has entered. He
comes to be its master, but has first to learn obe-
dience :
" though he were a son, yet learned he
obedience by the things that he suffered, and being
made perfect "^ he becomes Master of Life and
Death. He forgets his birth-place, as he falls

asleep in matter, and only gradually will the

impacts from without stir his dreamy divinity into
answer in manifestation.
The Monads are now, as we have seen, ready,
and they pass into the first planetary Chain, the
Archetypal. All thatwe know of them there is

that the most progressed of them became Asuras,

and passed into the fifth Creative Hierarchy.
Others, less progressed, took up their evolution in
the second planetary Chain, the Creative, and the
most progressed became Agni^hv^ttas,
of these
and entered the sixth Creative Hierarchy. Once
more, the less progressed took up their evolution
in the third planetary Chain, the lunar, and here we
see them, on their emergence from it, classed in
three great groups.
I. First, come the true Pitfis, sometimes called
the Lunar, but better the Barhi§had, Pitris, who
are the most progressed entities from the lunar
1 Hebrevos. v. 8, 9.
 [ 29 ]

Chain, who entered, at its close, the seventh Crea-

tive Hierarchy. These are the ''
Lunar Gods," the
" Lords of the Moon of the airy bodies," who are to
be charged with the duty of guiding physical
evolution in the fourth planetary Chain, the terrene.
With these, but less developed, are two classes of
Monads, variously named Lower Dhy^nis, Solar
Pitris^ —
the ranks in the lunar Chain immediately
below the Barhi§had Pitris — the first class of whom
had developed the causal body, and the second
class of whom were just ready for its formation,
too far advanced to enter the fourth Chain in its

earlier Rounds, and only coming to it near the

middle of the fourth Round, in the third and fourth
Root Races. Thus this first great group contains
three classes of Monads.
II. Four classes, sufficiently evolved to reach
the human stage during the first three and a half
Rounds of the terrene Chain. These are also often
spoken of as " lunar Pitris," and the name is not
wholly inapplicable, since they come from the
lunar Chain still they are not " ancestors " of men,
;

but are evolving into men, and should not therefore

be called Pitris. This name was, however, given to
them by H. P. B., and has became incorporated
into theosophical terminology. It does not much
matter, if they are not confused with the true
Lunar Pitfis of Group I, the Lords of the Moon.
 [ 30 ]

III. Three classes, who dropped out of the

lunar evolution by falling too far behind the
general advance. These will only touch humanity
at the close of the seventh Round of the terrene
Chain, and will form the humanity of the fifth

planetary Chain, the one that will succeed our own.

They are at present climbing their slow way up-
wards in the mineral, vegetable and animal king-
doms.
These seven classes, forming Groups II and III,

are the seven classes of " lunar Pitris " often men-
tioned by H. P. B. In order to avoid confusion,
I shall speak of them merely as " Monads of
the lunar Chain "
— a term also used by her — or ex-
lunar Monads, and shall restrict the use of the term
''
Lunar Pitris " to the *'
Lords of the Moon of the
airy bodies." These Monads of the lunar Chain
are said to be classed according to "evolution,
consciousness and merit," ^ and this fixed their

entry in succession in time.

These seven classes, due to these evolutionary
differences, must not be confused with the seven
types of Monads, due to the colourings received
from the seven Planetary Logoi, previously men-
tioned. In each of the seven classes will be found
Monads of all the seven types, so that each class
has representatives of each of the seven colours.
1 Secret Doctrine, i. 195.
 [ 31 ]

These seven types, therefore, appear simultaneously

and side by side, when a class enters the plane-

tary Chain, and each successive class shews out

within itself the seven types.
of
For our tracing of the monadic pedigree
man, we omit Group I altogether for the present,
the Lunar Pitris, because they are concerned with
physical evolution, and the two classes of Lower
Dhy^nis, because they are in the lunar Nirvana,
of
assimulating the spiritual and mental results
earth Chain
past experiences, and will not enter the
until the fourth Round. We
have to do here only
which
with Groups II and III, the seven classes of
arrive successively on the earth.

The Monad, Atma-Buddhi-Manah, broods

below the
over the evolving forms, not descending
atomic level of the m^nasic plane, and represented
for this
there only by the m^nasic atom, acquired
previously said, by the aid of the fifth and
Chain, as
sixth Creative Orders. A thread of life, clothed in

buddhic matter, is sent forth, and becomes attached

to theatoms available for appropriation at each

successive stage as " permanent atoms," and these
make part of the forms prepared for him by the
activities of the Lords of the Moon, in the order

we shall study under "Physical Evolution." It

will suffice to say here that on each Globe the seven

kingdoms— three elemental, one mineral, one ve-

 [ 32 ]

getable, one animal, one human — are represented,

those belonging to the Round, or to previous
Rounds, beyond the evolution of the
fully, those
Round, embryonically. And though it may seem
strange to speak of our present humanity as
embryonic, yet truly is it so in comparison with
the beings of at present unimaginable splendour
who shall be the humanity of the seventh, the
human. Chain. Each kingdom is divided into
seven stages — departments or provinces — as we
see plainly when we come to man, with his

seven Root Races, though these stages are not

so marked to our eyes in the lower kingdoms.
And in fact we only recognise their existence by
the fact that the Monads, who travel more slowly
in proportion as they are less progressed, gradually
trail off in ever-lengthening procession, falling

more and more behind as the younger travel along

the Globes of the terrene Chain.

When the ex-lunar Monads of the first class in

Group II —the most developed — arrive on Globe A

of the terrene Chain, they pass very rapidly through
the forms — prepared by the Barhi^had Pitris — of the
six lowerkingdoms and reach the lowest stage of
the human kingdom. They repeat the process on
Globes B, C, D, E, F, and G, adding one human
stage on each Globe, until on Globe G they complete
the seven human stages, and have passed through
 [ 33 ]

the whole forty-nine stages — seven in eicli of the

seven kingdoms — that occur in each Round. I

may again remind you that "human" here does

not mean anything like the "human" that we
know even on Globe
; D of the Round these Monads
do not find any physical human forms.
The ex-lunar Monads of class 2 follow class r,

but travel less rapidly than their predecessors, sa

that at the end of the Round they have only com-
pleted the animal and touche i the border of the
human ; only in the next Round will they com-
plete the seven stages of the human kingdom.
The ex-lunar Monads of class 3 follow class 2,

but fall a little further behind, and are only ready

to escape from the vegetable into the ajiimal
kingdom at the close of the first Round ; while
those of class 4 are only r^ady to escape from the
mineral.
The remaining three classes, forming Group
III of the ex-lunar Monad-?, are respectively on the
borders of the mineral, the higher and the middle
elemental kingdoms, at the close of the first

Round.
Thus class i has accomplished forty-nine stages ;

class 2, forty-tvvo ; class 3, thirty-five; class 4,

twenty-eight ; class 5, twenty-one ; class 6, fourteen ;

class 7, seven. Or, taking the last class as the unit,

class I travels seven times as fast ; class 2, six times ;

3
 ;

[ 34 ]

class 3, five times ; class 4, four times ; class 5,

three times ; class 6, twice.

must be remembered that only the arche-

It

types of the mineral kingdom are on globe A in the

first Round, and that the densest type of matter

available in this Round is only touched in the

mineral kingdom on Globe D, the higher types,
vegetable, animal and human, existing only as
mental germs.
In the second Round the ex-lunar Monads of
the first class entered only the human kingdom^
strengthening the germs in which they dwelt
those of the second class reached the human and
acquired one stage of progress on each GlobCj
completing the seven stages on Globe G ; the third
class touched the human in the second Round
while the fourth completed the vegetable and were
ready for the animal
In the third Round the ex-lunar Monads of the
first and second classes still worked at the develop-
ing germs of humanity, while the third conquered
the seven stages of the human kingdom in this
Round, and the fourth just reached its borders,
thus passing into the human kingdom with the
beginning of the fourth Round.
Meanwhile the three laggard classes climbed
slowly upwards, so that in the fourth Round all had
escaped from the elemental kingdoms, and they
 [ 35 ]

are now the Monads of animals, vegetables, and

minerals, not to reach the human kingdom in this

Chain, since human forms of a type sufficiently low

for their humanising are no longer produced by
nature.
The fourth Round is often called the human
round, since the archetypes of each Root Race
appeared on Globe A at the beginning of the
Round ; but it is really the Round in which the
mineral reaches its perfection, i. e. the point of

greatest hardness and density.

When the foremost of the circling Monads reach-

ed Globe D on the fourth Round, they were

ready for the development of man on a far higher

model, and the Chhaya of the Barhlshad Pitris now

became the form to which the permanent physical
atom attached itself, the ChhAya being of etheric

matter. The Aiteraya BrdJunana sketches in a few

phrases this long evolution, this passing of the

Monads through the mineral, vegetable and animal

kingdoms, and the reaching of the human: "In
herbs and trees life is seen intelligence in breath- ;

ing creatures, and in these breathing creatures the

Self is more manifest ; in these life is also seen, but
intelligence is not seen In the former. In man, the
Self is most manifestmost supplied with
; he is

knowledge. He speaks that which he knows he ;

sees that which he knows he knows what occurred ;

 [ 36 ]

yesterday ; he knows the visible and the invisible ;

by the mortal he desires the immortal. Thus

supplied is he." ^
On this runs the comment of
S^yana :
" In the unconscious, earth, stones, etc,
only Sat is manifest, and tlie Atm^ has not yet
attained to the form of Jiva. Tlie unmoving
Jivas,namely the herbs and trees, and also the
moving Jivas, which have PrAna as breath, both
these are stages of manifestation in a higher
degree."
The foremost Monads are now brooding over
the embryonic forms of the first Root Race, and
shaping the growth of the human foetus in the
womb of time. Their R^ys warm into activity the
envelopes of matter that enshroud them, and shape
them into organs of communication with the outer
world. The sense of hearing is tl^-e first to be
developed, that which will respond to the rate of
vibrations hereafter to be known as sound.
Awake on its own plane, the monadic conscious-
ness responds dimly, very diml}^ through the
enveloping matter, so that the forms are well-nigh
senseless ; they feel on the ph) sical plane the
presence of fire, the first impact to which consci-
ousness there responds through the new forms.
As the Monad passes into the second Root Race,
he adds to his physical plane consciousness the

Aitoreydi',njaKa, II, iii. "2.

 [ i7 ]

sense of touch, and begins to respond to the im-

pact of ail* as well as of fire ; as we listen, we hear
faint chant-like sounds issuing from the varied
nondescript forms that represent humanity, open
vowel-like sounds, inarticulate, faintly indicating
the stirrings of emotions moved from hidden
springs. Such consciousness as there is belongs to
above rather than to below ; tiiere is dreamy quiet
enjoyment, arising from within, but little sense of
pleasure or pain, stimulated from without. It is

the monadic awake on the higher

consciousness,
planes but not on the lower, and the forms are but
sh'ghtly responsive, almost senseless, though more
responsive than those of the first Race.
With the entry of the Monad into the third Root
Race, progress quickens ; sight is slowly added to
the senses of hearing and touch, and with tliis the
recognition of the outer world becomes clearer
and more definite. Language, consisting of mere
cries through the and second sub-races, cries of
first

pleasure and pain, of love and wrath, becomes

monos3^11abic in the third sub-race. Consciousness
of the impacts of water is added to that of the
impacts of fire and and the human form,
air,

crude and clumsy, but now distinctly human,

brooded over by the Monad, is ready for the incom-
ing of the intelligence which shall make it man.
It is now fairly responsive to the thrills of life that
 [ 38 ]

reach it from above, but on the physical plane is

stupid, ignorant, moved by rushes of pain and

pleasure stimulated from without, and blindly
yielding to their currents, drifted hither and
thither. The Monad cannot check its physical
vehicle, answering to the strong impacts of its own
plane, and answering the more strongly as more life

is poured into it from above ; the life is transmuted

into sense-responses, and flows along the channels of
animal instincts. For the Monad to increase the
life-flow will be to increase the danger ; it is like
increasing steam-pressure in an engine without a
driver.

Then come in the Sons of Mind, to add the

element needed for safety and for progress. The
intellectual evolution must now begin, and for a
time obscure the spiritual. The spiritual must
give way before the rush of intelh'gence, and retire
into the background for awhile, leaving intelligence
to grasp the reins and guide the next stages of
evolution. The Monad will silently and subtly
begin to inform the intelligence, working through
it indirectly, stimulating it by its energies, evolving

it by a ceaseless flow of potent influence from

within, while intelligence grapples with the lower
vehicles, to be at first conquered and enslaved but
slowly to master and to rule. And here we leave
monadic evolution, now to go on silently beneath
 ;

[ 39 ]

the surface, till the time shall come when the

triumphant intellect shall merge in the Spirit.

Such, briefly stated is our pedigree on the side

of Spirit we see our birth in God we see the
; ;

groups of Mighty Ones that nurtured our infancy ;

we see the stages of our growth, as we descend

from Chain to Chain, from Round to Round, from
Globe to Globe, we reach our own familiar
until

earth, and touch the ground we know. Then we

sense dimly the coming of the " Sons of Night,"
the " Sons of the Dark Wisdom," those who bring
ahamkSra for the building of man, and we know
that here is another line of our pedigree, that they
too are ourselves. We see the Spirit obscured,
and know that the Spirit must mature in silence,
while the warrior Intellect carries on the combat

until the time shall come when Intellect shall lay

his spoils at the feet of Spirit, and man, become
divine, shall reign on earth.

:o:
 SECOND LECTURE
The Physical Pedigree

'RIENDS: In dealing this morning with the

physical side of man's evolution, we shall

have the difficulty that is always found

when we come to deal with the Physical ; and
that is, that we have a mass of details, details most
complicated in their character ; as all of you know,
even Modern Science, dealing with a fraction of
thf whole is fairly difficult to study, when you
desire to understand thoroughly the story that it

tells. How much more difficult, then, is it when

you have to deal with things as they are, in all

their various planes, in all their various states ; and

when, instead of confining yourselves to the differ-

entiation of the physical tattva, you have also to

take into consideration the differentiations of

those tattvas that belong to the higher planes as
well. I say this, because I am aware that I

shall have a little to tax your attention, if you

desire really to follow the stages of man's physical
evolution, and if you desire to grasp the part he
 [ 41 ]

plays in the world in which he is the highest ex-

ample of life, the one from whom are drawn all

seeds of life, so far as the present evolution is

concerned, the one who stands at the head of the

evolution of the globe, and on whom depend for
their life and guidance the various kingdoms be-
low him in nature. We shall want to discover how
it comes to be that in the very body of man there
exist the germs of life which populate all the great
kingdoms of the globe. The only theory which
seems to afford a glimpse of the truth, though
then only of a fragment, is that theory of Weiss-
man which, in its wonderful complication, is fairly

difificuk to fully grasp, but which shows us how, even

from the standpoint of modern Science, you may
have complications so varied, so numerous, so
inter-lacing, within the limits of a germ, that you
can find there the traces of thousands of genera-
tions, and the possibility of any one of those traces
evolving and appearing in the man of to-day.
Now with regard to the physical evolution,
there is one great class of beings who guide it,

who control it, who, in fact, give the patterns on

which the whole of that evolution is moulded.
This is the class known to you in Hindu litera-
ture under the general name of Pitris, or ancestors.
Now there is much confusion about these Pitris,

and that for a very simple reason. First of all,

^
 [ 42 ]

the original Pitris — those to whom I would like, if

possible, to confine the name, for the sake of clear-

ness — reappear over and over and over again, in

different characters. They appear in every Round.

And when we come down to the evolution of our
own Globe, they appear in the different cycles of
growth upon that Globe. Then we find them al-
most, as it were, merging in man then we find ;

them again reborn in fresh characters so that ;

they are somewhat like the players on the stage

of a theatre, who, clothing themselves in different
garments, appear in different characters though the
same men are under the changed clothes. This
change of characters has naturally confused the
student who was not able to follow the beings by
whom the characters were assumed, and part of
our work to-day will be to trace these beings, and
see how the Pitris re- appear cycle after cycle, but
always with the characteristic that they are the
Lords of the phj-sical kingdom, that they are the
guides, the moulders, and the architects of mortal
man.
That same name of Pitris is also used for those
who are spoken of as Agnishvattas, who have
nothing to do with the physical body of man.
Those we shall for a moment put aside entirely.
They are the three higher classes of the seven
classes of Pitris, more or less familiar to you in the
 [ 43 ]

Hindu Sh^stras, but they are distinguished as

being ArQpa, without form, and they belong to a
different evolution. They have to do with the
Devas and are sometimes called Pitris of the
Devas. Again, they have to do with the intellec-

tual evolution of man, and we shall have to meet

them under another title, the title of M^nasa-
putras, which includes these and many others.
The Pitris who have to do with the physical
ancestry of man, who are literally his physical
ancestors, the ancestors of his body, are grouped
into the remaining four great classes and in the
occult teachings these four classes are given a
single name, Barhishad. Now that name appears
again as the name of one class out of the four,
which makes part of our confusion. The general
name is the name of Barhishad Pitris, or those
possessing the creative fire. Although you find

that name specially given to the sons of one of

the mind-born Sons of Brahm^, it is none the less

true that it is also used for the whole of the four

classes of the RCipa Pitris who have to do with
physical evolution. So that when I speak of the
Barhishad Pitris, if I use the term without further
explanation, I shall mean all the four classes of
Ri^pa Pitris.

Now these four classes, the Barhishad Pitris,

come from the I\Ioon. You know how }ou read

 f 44 ]

of the Moon as the gate- way of Svarga, as being

one of the Lokas, as being the home of the Pitris.
This is indeed true as regards human beings, for
they pass out of Pretaloka into Pitriloka, and
thence into Svarga. In a cosmic sense the Moon
serves as a gateway, through which its inhabitants
pour into the earth. These Pitris come to the
Earth Chain from the Moon Chain, and therefore
we speak of them as Lunar Pitris, as Pitris who
have come from the Moon.
Now we want to understand their nature,
if the
first question that we naturally ask is What : did
they do on the Moon, and what was the result of
their living there ? We already know that the
lunar Chain is the Chain that preceded our own, and
that we bound by the closest ties with the
are
evolution that was carried on the Moon, or on
the lunar Chain. You will best estimate the
achievements of Lunar Pitris on the lunar
the
Chain, if, for a moment, you think of Those whom
we generally speak of as the Masters on our earth.
They are Masters, who, having come through
human evolution here, have transcended humanity.
They are the flower of humanity, as They have
been called — Those who have triumphed over
all the difficulties of matter and have become
here the Lords of matter, the Guardians, the
Protectors of humanity. Just such a function v/as
 [ 45 ]

played by the Lunar Pitris in the evolution on the

lunar Chain. They passed through all that,

through the equivalent human stage ; they were

the successes of that evol ution ; they rose higher and
higher until they had utterly conquered all the
matter of the lunar Chain, and could use it for

their own purposes. Therefore, they are sometimes

called the Cubes, because on the lunar Chain they
conquered matter in its quarternary, or four-fold
form, and they brought that matter with them for
its further evolution in the Earth Chain. Think
of them then as the Lords of the Moon, a title

which is very often given to them in the occult

writings.
They are also called the **
Sons of Twilight,"
for a reason we shall see in a moment, again con=
necting them with the Moon ; or, again, celestial

Men, Sons of the Moon, Progenitors. Do not

—
confuse them for here one of the difficulties of the
—
student comes in with those classes of Pitris, the
ex- Monads of the lunar Chain, who come from the
Moon to pass into human evolution on our Globe.
These have nothing to do with those great Lunar
Pitris, save that they evolved under their protecting
care on the Moon, we evolve here under the care
as
of the Masliers of Wisdom and Compassion. These
ordinary Pitris, so often confused with these others,
are the ex-monads from the Moon v/ho make the
 [ 46 ]

bulk of our humanity at the present time, and who

also are imprisoned in the animal, the vegetable
and the kingdoms of our Globe, the
mineral
whole, indeed, of the forms of our Chain being
occupied by these Monads from the Moon. These
are indeed called Pitris, but thay are not the great
Lunar Pitris.

You may notice that this identity of name

appears also in Hindu literature, in the shr^ddhas
and in ordinary talk, in speaking of the Pitris ;

for every deceased man at a certain stage, after

the Preta stage, passes into Pitriloka, and is

numbered among the Pitris ; and yet you know

very well that those human beings who are num-
bered or classed with the Pitris are rather under
their roof, under their protection, are kept, guarded
and shielded by them, than share their nature and ;

you do not really confuse those of our humanity

who pass on into Pitriloka at a certain time after
death with the great and mighty Pitris who are

<:onstantly invoked in the shr^ddha, and who are

children of the mind-born Brahm^. Sons of

The confusion is thus very general and it has

persisted in our own nomenclature. Let us then,
for the purposes of these lectures, keep the name
of Pitris only for the Lords of the Moon, and not
confuse them with our ordinary humanity, which
they are going to guide as regards the physical
 [ 47 ]

evolution.
evolution
Now these Pitrls at the end of their
into the planetary
on the Moon Chain merged
Ruler of the Chain. As we
might
Logos, the
entered the
saynow, they reached Nirvana; they
consciousness of the great Lord
under whose rule

they had been evolving ; they passed into His

they became, as it were, the germs of life
being ;

within His body.

Chain to begin, the new
When the Earth is

called, because
body of the Planetary Logos— now
Creator, the reflec-
of His functions, Brahm^, the
the great Brahma of the
system-these
tion of
Pitris are "Body of Twilight."
born from His
four plane-
These four Bodies of Brahma are the
tary Chains the first is
;
His Body of Darkness ;

the third, the lunar,

the second. His Body of Day ;

the terrene, the

His Body of Twilight the fourth, ;

Born thus
turning-point, His Body of Dawn.
Sons of the Twi-
from Him, they are called the
light, the Will-born, and
the Lords of Yoga they ;

^re e'ven spoken of sometimes as SvayambhCiva,

save this coming
since they have no birth,

from the Body of the Lord. They were

forth
written In the Vishnu Purdna,
from His
born, it is

when He was meditating on

Body of Twilight,
of the world, and the
Himself as the Father
coming forth of the world of men and ;
the Vardha
 C 48 ]

Purdna speaks similarly, saying that they came

forth, the colour of smoke, as He meditated on the
bringing forth of all classes of beings. When He
thus thought of Himself as the Father, then it was
that these issued forth from His Body of Twilight,
these will- born Pitris, the Lords of the lunar
Chain.
Possessing the four-fold matter, and also the
creative fire, they were able to give to man his
etheric double, pr^na, animal kAma, and animal
germ of mind. Beyond this they could not go,
but this sufficed for the shaping of ph\sical evolu-
tion, for the building of animal man and all lower
forms.
These Pitris are spoken of as under the rule of
Yama, the Lord of Death ; he is called *'
Pitripati,"

the Lord of the Pitris ; hence the bodies they

give to man are mortal, born under the domination
of theLord of Change and of Death. They
cannot give the immortal they can only give the
;

mortal, under the dominance of the Lord of

Death. Men are their progeny atid must therefore
form part of Death's kingdom ; and thus the
children of iLarih differ from the children of
Buddha, the planet Mercury, for his men are
immoital, whereas the children of Earth are
mort '1. Moreover, these Pitris themselves v/ill

evolve by their work on the terrene Chain, and they

 [ 49 ]

will escape from the domination of the Lord of

Death by this evolution, and in the next planetary
Chain, the fifth, they will play the part of Man-
asaputras. Sons of Mind and Lords of Death.
Such then is our first glance of the Lunar
Pitris. We shall find them, as I said, re-emerg-
ing over and over and over again : first they appear
before us in their character as Rulers of matter,

when living forms are to appear on this Chain,

when the Globes are formed, but are still devoid of
living inhabitants, only the matter of the Globe
beine moulded into globular form. We meet
them at the beginning of the first Round. How
shall I give to you some picture of what might be
seen by the " Divine Eye," if it were turned by
some Yogi to that first Round ? I would fain give
you a picture which, however imperfect, would
convey some kind of definite thought to the mind.
Behold a vast mass of heaving, tossing, whirling,
fiery, matter, flashing, rolling, changing, in billow-

ing masses, slowly aggregating itself according to

three varying densities, into seven filmy forms.
Scarce forms indeed can we call them, for even
when we descend to the fourth, the most material
of the forms, we can only catch a dim glimpse of
Earth's first rQpa, a mere film of akAsha, tenuous,

radiant, luminous, fiery. There is nothing visible

save embodied fire in this Round. Seven of these
4
 [ 50 ]

forms we dimly see, of which this fourth, that is to

be our Earth, is the most perceptible. Above it, on
the descending arc, vague and vaguer shadows
loom through the fiery mists. Above it, on the
ascending arc, three other shadows, fiery, scarce
perceptible. A vast panorama of flames, that take

and lose again the form of globes, huge, wondrous,

awe-inspiring, in resistless force and overwhelming
energy.

The four classes of Barhi§had, or Lunar, Pitris, the

Rupa Pitris, preside respectively over the four succes-
sive Rounds of our terrene Chain, those witli the most

subtle bodies guiding the Round, the next the

first

second, the denser the third, and those witli the

densest bodies of all the fourth, the Round in which
the densest matter is formed. Each of these four
classes presents its own seven grades, or sub-classes,
so that in any given Round or Globe we meet with
what are "seven classes of Pitris," and
called
many a student, noting this, has been puzzled,
since he remembers another statement about seven
classes of Pitris, among whom the Agni§hv^tta
Pitris were named, whereas these are all Barhi^had
Pitris. The puzzle is solved wlien he understands
that in each of the first seveti classes, divided into

Arupa and Rupa, there are seven sub-classts,

marked out from each other by differences in
evolution : in the four great classes of ROpa Pitris
 [ 51 J

we have thus twenty-eight sub-classes, seven in each

class, and it is these sub-classes alone with which
we have to do in each successive Round. Only one
of the great classes is concerned with each Round,
and it is the sub classes of these which we meet
in "the seven classes of Lunar Pitris."

The four great classes are distinguished by the

differences in their upadhis ; the first has no lower
upadhi than tha karana sharira ; the second has for
its acting vehicle the mental body ; the third uses the
astral body ; and the fourth is clothed in the etheric
double. Thus, as the Globes grow denser in succes-
sive Rounds, the Pitris who successively guide phy-
sical evolution bring to their work these successively
denser vehicles of activity, suitable for the task
entrusted to them. The more we study the plan
of evolution, the more are we struck with the ex-
quisite adaptations of part to part.

These Barhi^had Pitris belong — as stated in the

first lecture — to the last of the Creative Hierarchies,

or Orders, called by us the seventh, though in rea-
lity the twelfth. They have under them vast hosts
of nature-spirits, who are the actual builders of the
forms, the masons, while the Pitiris themselves may
be compared to the architects, a name which is
indeed very often given to them. They give the
forms, the models, the plans, which are followed,
actually woiked out, by their subordinates, the
 [ 52 ]

innumerable beings who select the material par-

ticles and put each in its proper place. I may
remark, in passing, that since, in Hindu literature,

the word "Deva" is applied to the whole of these,

the need of the familiar thirty-three crores of Devas
to carry on the workings of nature becomes very
obvious, and should cause no surprise.
The Puranas, when tliey speak of the earth and
its six Globes, draw you that strange picture at which
I am afraid many an Indian graduate has often
laughed — the seven zones, or the seven dvipas,
as they are called, and the curious oceans of milk
and curds, etc., dividing the one from the other.
" What foolish tales these old men write, " our
modern critics say. Yet they wrote much more
wisely than the scientists of the iQth century, for

they give you, through a graphic picture, an idea

of the appearance of the planetary Chain, and every
dvipa, or world, is a Globe of tlie planetary Chain,
and that which is called the ocean is the matter
which is between each Globe and the next, divi-
ding them by a sea that none can cross, save those
who have built their higher up^dhh and are there-
in able to navigate those wondrous seas of matter.
And you could stand on some higher plane and
If

look down on the Chain from above, you would

see exactly what is figured in the PurAnas the —
seven dvipas and the seven oceans that surround
 [ 53 ]

them, billowy masses of matter of varying den-

sities, heaving between the Globes, and named
according to the earthly liquids they most resemble
in their general appearance. The mistake has been
that men have tried to identify these with things
on the physical globe, whereas they are seven
worlds of the Chain, differing utterly from eaeh
other, and the Jambudvipa of that Chain is our
earth, our own world. These descriptions may not
be according to modern ideas of precise and accu-
rate scientific nomenclature, but they convey vivid
and graphic ideas to the ordinary mind, for which
they were intended ; and the modern seer easily
recognises the objects described when, from the
standpoint at which the pauranic writer surveyed
the scene, he also lets his gaze wander over the
wondrous panorama, and sees the seven Globes
amid their encircling oceans of unorganised mat-
ter.

Let us return to our picture of fire, with the

filmy globes rolling amid the billowing flames.
On to the first of these, vaguest, most fiery of
all, the first class of Lunar Pitris descend. Theirs
to give the first models of forms which all who
follow them will use as tabernacle these
after ;

are based upon Ideas in the mind of the Planetary

Logos, but theirs to shape the forms, theirs to
give the first moulding to the fiery matter which
 [ 54 ]

is to serve as the dwelling of the incoming Monads

from the lunar Chain. They must assimilate the
matter of the Chain, else how shall they be able to
build therewith the forms? They cannot work with
matter which is not theirs. Hence the first thing
to do is themselves to pass through every kind of
matter, and, gathering it round their airy bodies,
shape it by their creative fire into germinal forms,
which will slowly develop and mature, and become
in the course of ages the forms that we know in the

fourth Round on our fourth Globe. Seven typical

forms must each sub-class mould in each kingdom
on each Globe, for in kingdom of nature
every
there are seven types existing side by side, and
these are the seven t}'pes in each of the seven
sub-classes of the Pitris of each Round. These
are mere films of fiery matter, in this first Round.
Now the characterstic of the first Globe, Globe
A, is that nothing there is form as we know it ; so
unlike is all to the forms we know that it is even
called Arupa, formless ; and yet there is form,

though not form as known to mortal man. Arche-

typal forms they are called, /. e., ideal forms made
out of the stuff of abstract thinking, vague, chang-
ing, and indefinite, inconceivable and ungraspable
by the concrete mind, only to be known in this

way, that when such a form passes to a lower

plane, it bursts into innumerable concrete forms,.
 [ 55 ]

all of which bear a likeness to itself, in that they

present its essential characteristics, have in them
something after its image. Perhaps this will be more
readily intelligible if I remind you of a curious
device, resorted to in the early days of biological
science, to show the type of an order. Professor
Owen, dealing with the great complexity of the
mammalian order, sought to find out and combine
what was common to He found certain things
all.

existing in every mammal — backbone, four limbs,

and so on. connected together, from his study
He
ofmany mammalian forms, all the things that were
common to every one of them, and he put these

together into a form that was like nothing in

heaven or earth or in the waters of the sea, and
he called it the archetypal mammal. That was
the exercise of scientific fancy, in order to guide
and aid scientific investigation. He "builded
truer than he knew"
Such archetypal forms exist
in the mind of the Logos as the ideas of every

—
kingdom the archetyp-il minerals, the archetypal
vegetables, the archetypal animals, and the arche-
typal men. Thev existed as ideas — Platonic ideas
they are sometimes called, because Plato laid

so much stress upon them in his philosophy.

These ideas are in the mind of the Logos, and
the Arch'tects, who are the Barhi§had Pitris,

reproduce these ideas from the mind of the Logos

 [ 56 ]

in the highest Globe of the planetary Chain ; this

is Globe A, Hence it is spoken of as the archetypal

Globe, for it contains in every Round the archetypes
that underlie the evolution of forms in that Round.
These forms are sometimes described, or hinted
at, in the Puranas, and the descriptions seem to

you strange, grotesque and unintelligible. Many

of our learned men, who know a little of modern
science, laugh at the ancient Rishis who tried to

describe these extraordinary forms, unlike any-

thing that the human mind can conceive. But the
Rishisknew something more than modern science

knows; they knew archetypal forms, the basis of

all forms, and those strange creatures that you

read of in the early pauranic histories are archetypes,
and not forms as they exist on the lower planes.
I know of no language, of no description, which
conveys an idea of this wondrous building, better
than you can find in the pauranic accounts, dim,
strange and grotesque as they may seem. They
are at least the best description that human lan-
guage is able to give.
Let us come to the next point. Every Round,
as I told you yesterday, produces an evolution of
a particular kind, elemental, mineral, vegetable
animal, human. The other forms, that are not yet
born on to a Globe of the Chain, none the less exist

in the mind of the creative Logos. They surround

 [ 57 ]

these Globes as embryos, so that in the atmosph'ere

of the Globe you might read its history. That is
one of the things meant by the phrase "reading
in the astral light." Thus on the first Globe, in the
first of our Chain, the Pitris form the arche-
Round
types of the three elemental kingdoms and of the
mineral only the types of the highest elemen-
;

kingdom are mature and complete those

tal ;

of the middle and lower elemental kingdoms

embryonic types, and those of the mi-
are
neral kingdom are mere germs, though repre-
senting all that will be contained in the perfec-

ted mineral kingdom of the fourth Round. The

first class of the Barhi^had Pitris produce these
archetypes in filmy matter, populating wiih them
the fiery Globe. In the atmosphere of the Globe,
surrounding the other three classes of Barlii^had
it,

Pitris are busy with the embryos of the future

vegetable kingdom for the second Round, with the
embryos of the animal kingdom for the third
Round, and with the embryos of the human king-
dom for the fourth Round these have no resemb- ;

lance to the future vegetable, animal, and human

forms, but are mere crystallisations— if the word
may be used of matter so tenuous— a£:gregations of
material these embryos are in the womb of nature
;

as embryos in the womb of the mother, and truly

has it been written that when we come to under-
 - [ 58 ]

stand the mystery of human growth, the whole chart

of creative activity will lie open before our
eyes.
On that first Globe A our Pitris are busy ; they
form the archetypes as aforesaid, they clothe them-
selves in the forms they have made, and then pass
rapidly through the embryonic forms in the at-
mosphere around, touching them with the first

thrill of nascent foetal life; they pass to the se-

cond Globe, Globe B, where they shape the multi-
plied concrete forms which spring out from the
archet}'pal original. Little change is perceptible
in the forms in the atmosphere ; the whole stress is

on the elemental and the mineral, in which much

progress is made. Then to the third Globe
of the Chain, Globe C, where they shape far

denser forms ; but still it is but the densification of

the fire, as you might see in a fire the layers of the
whiter and the yellower flame, and then a redder
glow ; only such differences are there in the fire

of the successive Globes.

At last they come to the Earth, whereon the
mineral touches the physical, the other forms re-

maining still in the atmosphere around. The

germinal forms of minerals dimly appear on our
glowing fiery earth as tenuous, luminous films, and
so on until the seventh Globe is reached and the
whole germinal mineral kingdom is formed, al-
 [ 59 ]

though formed only in filmy shapes, not minerals

as you know them — solid, crystalline, or in many
other forms — but always as glowing gaseous masses ;

everything that now exists in the mineral king-

dom is found on the last Globe of that first Round,
in filmy, tenuous germs, to be enriched, densified,
strengthened, and made complicated, in the succeed-
ing Rounds. We may sum up their task by saying
that on Globe A they give the seven archetypal
forms for each kingdom ; on Globe B they multi-
ply forms containing the essentials of each arche-
type on Globe C they densify these forms on Globe
; ;

D they shape them in yet denser matter on Globe E ;

they make them more comple>^ and slightly refine

them ; on Globe F they build them of finer matter ;

on Globe G they finally perfect them. This is the

method on every Round, and thus the Pitris work,
though on the first Round only do they «2ather the
matter round themselves and dwell within it for
awhile to assimilate it. They only use in their
building the four upper sub-planes of the matter
of each plane.
Now as the first class of Barliishad Pitris do this

work on each Globe, the ex-lnnar Monads, arriving

on the terrene Chain, slip int ) the forms they shape
and leave. The Monads flowing fi om the Moon pass
first into the elemental kingdoms, ^nd throngh them
into the mineral and other forms left by the Pitris.
 [ 60 ]

The seven classes of them, as we saw yesterday, are

at different stages of evolution, and hence show ever-
decreasing powers from the highest to the lowest.
Some, the youngest, had scarcely touched sentient
lifeon the lunar Chain others had passed through
;

the lunar kingdoms and had reached the types of

lunar animal forms. Now this difference of growth,
of evolution of consciousness, has one remarkable
effect. The more the Monad is evolved, the more
rapid his progress through the kingdom of forms.
Hence an ever-increasing gulf divides class from
class as they evolve. The lower ones fall further
and further behind, because of the swiftness of the
progress of the more developed. I can perhaps
best symbolise that — only symbolise it, for the diff-

erence by ^'7 of retardation in every class if

is —
I remind you of the arithmetical way of increas-
ing by addition or by powers. Suppose I start

with 3 and go on adding 3, then Ave get 3, 6, 9,

12. That might be taken as symbolical of one
rate of progress. Now suppose I proceed by
geometrical progression — 3, 9, 27, 8 r. My first only
gave me 12 at the 4th remove; my second gives
me 8 1 at the 4th remove ; and the difference of
amount is caused by the difference of the rate of pro-
gression. Something of that sort occurs with these
ex-lunar Monads ; so that, on Globe A, when the
first class of them has reached the lowest of the seven
 [ 6l ] .

stao-es of the sub-organic human form, having passed

through forty- three types of form, the last class has

only passed through one stage, that of the lowest in
the seven stages of the lowest elemental kingdom.
The first proceeds seven times as fast as the last.
At the end of the first Eound, the first class of ex-
lunar Monads have passed through forty- nine evolu-
tionary stages of form, seven stages in each of the
seven kingdoms. The lowest, the seventh class,

have during the same time passed through only

seven evolutionary changes of form, the seven
which make up the lowest elemental kingdom. Dur-
ing the remaining Rounds those of the first class da
not pass through the lower kingdoms, but enter the
human directly. When the first Round is over,
pralaya supervenes, and there are ages of rest,

ere yet again the work of the building of forms

proceeds.
Then the second Round begins ; and the
second great class of Barhishad Pitris take up the
work. They bring down the archetypes of the
vegetable forms to Globe A, work them into con-
crete forms on globe B, densify them on globe C,
and these touch the physical on globe D, the
animal and human remaining in the atmosphere,
and all progressing and the human embryos which,
;

in the first Round, only took on the strange cry-

stalline kind of form analogous to the mineral

 [ 62 ]

kingdom, now spread out like a plant or a tree in a

gigantic filamentous shape, nothing recognisable as

human, though still to be found in human embry-
onic growth with the impress of the vegetable
kingdom on it. Gaseous particles are built into all

bodies throughout this Round, particles of the

third sub- planes.
We pass on to the third Round ; the worlds are
becoming far denser than they were, though still

luminous and ethereal Now animals are develo-

ing. The third great cl^ss of Barhishad Pitris

are in charge of this Round, and as the work of

densification goes on, they bring down the arche-
types of the embryonic animals, and work them
into concrete forms, which, on Globe D, take more
definite and more exnct shapes. Looking at the
human embryos, which have received a large addi-
tion innumbers from the second Round, ^ we see
them, still in the atmosphere around the Globe,
taking on strange animal shapes, monstrous, to our
eyes repellent, and they appear as huge ape-like
creatures, with the stamp of the animal kingdom
branded deeply into the embryonic forms. The
human embryo still shews this stage in his growth.
Watery particles are built into all bodies during
this rou'id, particles from the second subplanes.
The fourth Round opens. The fourth class of

1 tiee ante, p. 34.

 [ 63 ]

Barhishad Pitris, the densest in form, pos«^essing

the ethereal body, comes to work and the arche-
its

types of men down to the first Globe

are brought
;

wondrous archetypes and beautiful are they, show-

ing what man will be as well as what m^n »s, for
the archetypes of the seven Races are there. The
sixth and the seventh stand out radiant in the
splendour of their beauty, and hint at what the
developed types will be, in the Races and the
Rounds that Now, coming down slow-
lie in front.

ly, multiplying, densifying as they come, we see

the forms which are to be produced on the fourth
Globe — our earth. At last we touch the solid
ground. We seem now to breathe again after our
flight through space. We liave come to the earth,
not quite we know it indeed, but still our own
as
earth, and therefore more familiar.
Having arrived here and taken breath, let us
look at our world for a moment. Strange world
a world of such terrible turmoil, of such crio-antic
convulsions of nature, that you can hear nothincr
but the crash of falling mountain summits, the
roar of volcanoes they throw up the burning
as
lava, the dash of giant waves loaded with rocks

with avalanches of lava, which they have picked

up as they rushed in mighty billows, and toss up
as though in play,masses that are almost moun-
tains ;
fire breaking out everywhere, storm, whirl-
 [ 64 ]

wind and tornado — one vast turmoil and tur-

bulence where you would think that life could not

exist. It recalls the first Round in miniature,
save th^t the greater density of matter makes the
crash and tumult far greater than in those subtle
worlds. But here, too, fire seems the dominant
agent, fire furious, tumultuous. For 20 crores
[20D,ODOOOO] of years these convulsions go on
" uninterruptedly, after which they become periodi-
cal and at long intervals."^ The Pitris are here,
master of tumuUuous turmoil of matter.
all this

Three hundred million \^ears have passed away

in this fourth Round, on Globe D, and the nature-

spirits have been busily at work, forming minerals,

vegetables, and animr-^ls of the lower kinds. In the
midst of the great turmoil they labour, and out of
the rem.nants of the preceding Round they have
taken the empty shells of forms, left when the
life-wave left Globe D, and have tried to shape them
into new living organisms — they are strange hy-
brid monsters of all mixed kinds of generations,
half human and half animal ; reptilian forms of all

sorts and kinds appear, amid the fires and the

whirling spray and clouds they were produced by ;

the *'
hand of nature" as science might say,
prentice
but we see them as works of the lower Devas, the
nature-spirits, unassisted by the guiding power of

1 Coii:n>ciitarj. quoted in Secret Doctrine, ii. 236.

 [ 65 ]

the Lords of form. The Lords come to look if the

earth is ready for the making of man, when the
incessant turmoil is nearing its ending ; all these
lower forms are swept away, and there the earth
lies, a vast ocean of heaving tepid water, emptied
of inhabitants, solid hard ground beneath the
watery desert. At one point, gradually, the first

land appears. It is the peak of Mount Meru ; it

is the Cap of the North Pole ; it is the beginning

of the imperishable Sacred Land, the Holy Land,
theLand of the Devas, called also Shvetadvipa, the
White Island, the Central Land, and sometimes
Jambudvipa, the name given to the earth as a
whole. The Parsis call Airyana Vaejo, and say
it

truly that their great prophet Zarathushtra was

born there. i\Iount Meru, the axis of the globe,
though emerging at the Pole, has its roots struck
deep in the Him^Iaj-an chain, the " belt of the
earth." Slowly that land emerges from the
swelling waves of the tepid watery globe, and like
the lotus of seven leaves, their centre Mount Meru,
at the Pole, seven great
promontories of land
appear, to the edges of which the name Pushkara
is sometimes given, though this name belongs more
accurately to the^ seventh continent, and those
promontories and their centre form the Imperish-
able Land. On that land every human Race in
turn is to be born, no matter whither it be led after
5
 [ 66 ]

its birth. It is the birth-place of ever}' Race under

the rule of Dhiuva, who is the Lord of the Pole-
Star. The Pole-Star has its
" watchful eye upon

it, from the dawn to the close of the twilight of a

Day of the Great Breath."^ That land appears,

and is ready to receive its inhabitants, and the cli-

mate is an exquisite spring; and the cry goes out, the

ringing cry of the Lords who are the Governors of
all. List of the stately rhythm of the Stanzas of
the Book of the Wisdom :

*•'
The o-ieat Chohans called the Lords of the
Moon, of the airy bodies :
'
Bring forth men, men
of your nature. Give them their forms within.
She will build coverings without. Males-Females
will they be. Lords of the Flame also' They
went each on his allotted land ;
seven of them, each
on his lot. The Lords of the Flame remain behind.
They would not go, they would not create. The
Seven Hosts, the Will-born Lords, pn peMed by
the Spirit of Life-giving, separate men from
themselves, each on his own zone. S^\^x\ times
seven shadows of future men were born, each of
his own colour and kind, each inferior to his

Father. The Fathers, the boneless, could give no

life to heinous with bones. Their progeny were
BhOta. with neither form nor mind. Thf-refore they
1 Commentary, quoted in Secret Doctrine, ii. 6.
 [ 67 ]

are called the chh^ya."^

There are four classes of lunar Monads ready
for human incarnation, and the Barhishad Pitris,

Land,
descending on our earth on the Imperishable
off from their own ethereal bodies a
separate
a "shadow," a seed of life, which
chhaya,
contains within it the potentialities of develop-

human form. It is huge, filamen-

ing into the
tous, sexless, an empty Bhljta, floating about

in the dense atmosphere and in the seething

seas. They sway and drift about, huge, indefinite,

protista-like f :»rms in ethereal matter, with changing
outline, containing the seeds of all forms,
gathered

up by th2 during preceding evolutions, of

Pitris

a mo-)n-like colour, yellow-white of varying shades.

Within the fourth class of Barhishad Pitris
who thus gave the seed of life for the shaping

of the form of their progeny, physical man,

there were, as we have seen, seven distinct sub-

classes, each sub-class populates one of the

an I

^even promontories " Seven of them each on his

:

lot separate men from themselves, each on his

own But the phrase occurs " Seven times
zone." :

seven shadows of future men were born," and the

question na^.urally arises whence this seven-fold :

increase ? Each class of Barhishad Pitps not only

showed its seven sub-classes, as previously mention-

Stanzas, Secret Doctrine, li. 17, 18.

 [ 6S ]

ed, at different stages of growth ; but each of these

seven sub-classes, successive grades of evokition,
also contained members of each of the seven types,
also spoken of earlier, and thence the " seven times
seven.'' The ex-lunar Monads, being themselves at
such different grades of evolution, could not have
found fitting tabernacles in chhayas of one evolu-
tionary grade. According to the respective stages
reached by the four classes in their upward climb-
ing through the preceding three and a half Rounds,,
were the respective chhayas into which they passed.
Many forms, many kinds, many shades, were need-
ed, so that each Monad might find his appropriate
tabernacle, and the forty-nine orders provided,
yielded the necessary conditions.

These protista-like forms, oozed out from the

ethereal bodies of their progenitors — as the etheric
doublemay be seen oozing out from the side of a
medium — were the first human Race. "Human ?'''

you say. "But what is this, that calls itself human,

this strange spreading indefinite form, more like a
piece of slimy ooze, like the supposed Bathybius,
than a human being. Why do you call it human ?"

Why do you call human, in the womb of the

mother, the first foetal conglomeration of cells,

unlike the human form? Why do you call

it a hinnan embr3'o ? Because in that form,

which is not human, the future man is evolving^
 :

[ 69 ]

and the development must be human, can be no-

thing else. And therefore, though the form has
nothing of human appearance in it, though it be
but the mere embryo of the coming man, none
the less we stamp it *'
human," Monad brood-
for the

ing over it has reached the human stage, and

we name the form by the life within it and not by
the mere outward similitude. And therefore we
also say that the first human Race is here.
These huge forms are drifted about hither and
thither, senseless and passive. As we have seen,
the consciousness, being on the atmic level, can
very slightly aftect clumsy bodies, which
these
only show vaguely the sense of hearing and a dim
consciousness of fire. Because such consciousness as
touched them was of so lofty a character, they are
sometimes spoken of as the Race of the Gods ; also

as sons of Yoga — the Pitris sending out their chha-

yas when immersed in yogic meditation — and even
the self-born, as not being produced of human par-
ents. They are the second Adam of the Jewish
Scriptures. The Pitris have given out their etheric
chhayas, have animated them with their own electric

fire, galvanised them, as it were, into activity ; the

Sun aided in by sending upon them his
the task
vivifying beams, the solar fire, in answer to the cry
of the Ruler of the nature-spirits for his help
•*
These three produced in their joint eft^'orts a good
 [ 70 ]

rDpa. It could stand, walk, run, recline or fly.

Yet it was still but a chh&ya, a shadow with no

sense." ^ The presiding planet of their first race
is the Sun, or rather the mystic planet Uranus, that
he represents.
Multiplication of these beings was by fission or by
budding, the only forms of reproduction possible for

them, as even to-day for the protista, their nearest

physical likeness. They grew, expanding in size, and
then divided, at two equal halves, and in
first into
their later stages into unequal portions budding off
progeny smaller than themselves, that grew in their

turn and again budded off their young. A study of

the amoeba and the hydra will make the reproductive
methods clear. No definite sub-races can be sj3o-
ken of in this first Race, though we may mark seven
stages of growth, or evolutionary changes. Nor
does any die ;
"'
neither fire nor water coUld des-
troy them ;" - fire was their element, of water they
were unconscious ; when the time is ripe for the
second Root Race to appear, the nature-spirits build
round the chh^yas denser particles of matter, for-
ming a kind of stiffer shell on the outside, and "the
outer of the became the inner of t!ie second."^
first

Thus imperceptibly the first Race vanished into,

merged in, became, the second, and the chhAya,
1 Stanzas. Secret Docfr'tne. ii. IS.
a I hid 20.
 [ 7< ]

which was all the body of the first, became the

etheric double of the second.
During the ages of unknown length through which
the first Race lived, the earth was settling down into
quieter conditions, and cataclysms were local, no
longer general. More land slowly appeared above
the surface of the watery desert, stretching out
from the promontories of the first continent, and
forming a vast horseshoe, the second continent,
called the Hyperborean, or Plaksha. It occupied
the area now called northern Asia, joining Green-
land and Kamschatka, and was bounded on the
south by the great sea which rolled where the Gobi
desert now stretches its wastes of sand ;
Spitz-

bergen formed part of it, together with Sweden and

Norway, and it extended south-westwards over the
British Isles ; Baffin's Bay was then land, which

included the islands now existing there. The cli-

mate was tropical, and richly luxuriant vegetation

clothed the sunny plains. We must not connect
with the name Hyperborean the associations now
carried with it, for it was a glowing gladsome land,
full of exuberant vitality. The name Hyp.-rborean
took on its gloomy associations in later days, when
the land had been swept of its inhabitants by a
change of climate, and many cataclysms had bro-
ken it up.
The second Race appears, as we have seen, and
 L 72 ]

it shows during its existence two marked t3^pes,

responding slightly to the buddhic consciousness ;

it shows the duality which is characteristic of that

consciousness, coming out in its physical changes,
as in its two senses of hearing and touch, and its

consciousness of fire and water, already noted in

following the Monadic evolution. They are called

Kimpurushas, the children of the Sun and the
Moon, "the yellow Father and the White Mother,"^
hence of fire and water, and they were born under
the planet Brihaspati, Jupiter. Their colour
was a golden-yellow, sometimes gloNving almost
.

into orange, sometimes of palest lemon shades,

and these gorgeously-hued forms, filamentous, tree-
like often in shape, some approaching animal types,
others semi-human in outline, very heterogeneous
in appearance, drifting, floating, gliding, climbing,
crying to each other in flute-like notes, through the
splendid tropical forests, brilliantly green in the
sunlight, with flowering creepers starred with daz-
zling blossoms — all these make up a picture of gor-
geous hues, the splendour of nature in her exuberant
youth, running over with life, movement, colour,
outlines sketched in with a giant's hand, colours flung
from an overflowing palette.
Two main t}'pes appear, as just said, in

this second Race, the earlier and the la-

1 Stanzas. Secret Doctrine, ii. 19,

 [ 73 ]

ter. In the first type there is no trace of

sex, they are a-sexual, and it multiplies by ex-
pansion and budding like the first Race ; as the
forms become harder, coated with a thicker shell
of earthy particles, this form of reproduction be-
comes impossible, and small bodies are extruded
from them, figuratively termed drops of sweat," ''

since they ooze out like sweat from the human

skin, viscid, opalescent, and these gradually har-
den, grow, and take on various shapes. You may
remember how it is said in the Puranas that all

races were born from tlie pores of the skin of their

ancestors. You may remember how Virabhadra,
sent by Mah^deva to break up Daksha's sacrifice,

produced myriads of strange forms from the pores

of his skin. Many traces of this mode of repro-
duction are to be found in the pauranic stories, and
these facts in the evolution of the physical side of
man will enable you to understand the meaning of
those stories better than you did before. In pro-
cess of time slight indications of sexuality begin to
appear in these " sweat-born " of the second Race,
and they shew within themselves adumbrations of
the two sexes, and hence are spoken of as latent
androgynes. As we study the development of the
lower kingdoms to-day, we see all these stages still

persisting, and realise how steadily the nature-

spirits have been guided along a single plan, end-

 [ 74 1

lessly modified in same in

details but ever the
principles. From germs thrown off by these
second Race " men," the mammalian kingdom was
gradually developed in all its immense variety of
forms, the animals below the mammalian being
shaped by the nature-spirits from the types ela-
borated in the third Round, sometimes aided by hu-
man emanations.
. Meanwhile the earth is slowly changing;
" The great Motlier travailed under the waves
she travailed harder for the third (Race), and her
waist and navel appeared above the water. It was
the Belt, the sacred Himavat, which stretches
round the world. "^ The hu^fe sea to the south of
Plak'^ha covered the desert of Gobi, Tibet and
Mongolia, and from the southern waters of this
the vast Himalayan chain emerged. Southwards
the land slou ly appeared, stretching from the foot
of the Himfilayan range, southward to Cejlon,
Sumatra, to far and Tasmania and
off Australia
Easter Island westwards, till Madagascar and
;

part of Africa emeige, and claiming Norway, Swe-

den, east and west Sil)eria and Kamschatka from
its predecessor —a vast continent, the huge Le-
muria, cradle of the Race in which human intelli-

gence ap,)eared. ShAlmali, it is called in ancient

story. Ill the c'»urse of ages, the vast continent
1 Commentary. Secret Djctrine. ii. 419.
 [ 75 ]

undergoes many disruptions, and is broken up in-

to great islands. Volcanic outbreaks, mighty

earthquakes, from time to time shiver huge
fragments from its giant bulk. A slow sinking
begins at Norway, and that ancient land disappears
for a while from sight. 700,000 years before the
Eocene of the Tertiary, began, there
Tertiary, the
was a great outburst of volcanic fire, chasms
opened up in the ocean floor, and Lemuria, as
Lemuria, disappeared, leaving only such fragments
as Australia and Madagascar behind, as traces of its
story, with Easter Island, submerged and re-uplif-
ted. During the life of Lemuria, at about the middle

of its racial development, took place the great

change of climate, which slew the remnants of
the second Race, together with their progeny, the
early third. " The axle of the wheel tilted. The
Sua and Moon shone no longer over the heads of
that portion of the sweat-born ;
people knew snow,
ice, and frost, and men, plants and animals were
dwarfed in their growth."^ The gorgeous hues of
the tropics faded away before the breath of the
ice-king ; the polar days and nights of six months
began, and for a while the remnants of Plaksha
showed but a scanty population. Beyond it, in

the polar region, smiled ever the Imperishable Sa-

cred Land.

.1 Commentary. Secret Doctrine, ii. 343, 344.

 [ 76 ]

The third Race showed

out, as we might expect
from analogy, three strongly marked types, which
we will call the early, middle, and later third. As
the first race, in touch with Atm^, showed a unity;
as the second, in touch with Atm^-Buddhi, a dua-
lity ;
so did the third, in touch with Atma-Buddhi-
Manah, shew a triplicity.

In type I, the early third, the mode of repro-

duction is similar to that of the later second — the
extrusion of soft, viscid bodies, the " sweat ;" these
bodies harden during the second sub-race: "the
drops become hard and round. The Sun warmed
it ; the Moon cooled and shaped it ; the wind fed
it until its ripeness." The soft bodies gradually
became encrusted, and took the form of eggs,
the ovum which thenceforth, even to the present
day, is the natal home of the germ. Within the
egg, now, the form passed its earlier stages of
growth, more human in outline, latently androgyne.
The early third includes two sub- races ; the first

sub-race was sweat-born, and the sexes scarcely

showed within the bod)' ; the second sub-race was
still sweat-born, and evolved into definitely andro-

gynous creatures, distinctly human in t}'pe, the

outer covering of the envelope hardening. Sons of
passive Yoga these are called, so abstracted they seem
from outer things. In type II, the middle third,
» ~ " ' ~~ ' -

1 Stanzas. Secret Doctrine, ii. 20.

 t 77 ]

in the third sub-race, the young creature developed

within the envelope, which was now a shell, evolved
double sexual organs, and when born, b\' the
breaking of the envelope, was fully developed — like
the chick of the present day — able to walk and
run ; they were the hermaphrodites, of whom v.-e

shall hear again presently, for they became the

vehicles of the Lords of Wisdom, and this phase
is taken as the name of the middle third ; in the
fourth sub-race, reproduction was by ^ggs, but still

in the developing creature one sex began to predo-

minate over the other, until, from the ^gg, males
and females were born ; as this process went on,
the babes became more helpless, and by the end of
the fourth sub-race, the young creatures could no
longer walk, on emerging from the protective en-
velope. The human embryo still reproduces these
stages in its developments ; it shows the amseba-
like form of the first Race; the filamentoid form of
the second ; the sexlessness of the early stages
is replaced by a androgynous state, and slowly-
male or female predominates, determining the sex,
as in the third : it may be noted that the traces of
sex-duality never disappear, even in maturity, the
male retaining the rudimentary organs of the fe-

male, the female of th.e male.

It is interesting to notice the many traces in
Hindu literature, in the " mvths " that are truer
 [ 78 ]

than history, of the varied modes of reproduction

current in early days ; in tlie account of Daksha's
sacrifice various modes are given, " from the egg,
from the vapour, vegetation, pores of the skin, and,

finally, only, from the womb."^

In type III, the later third, the fifth sub- race

at first still reproduces itself by extruded eggs,
within which the human babe matures, but gradu-
ally the egg is retained within the mother, and the
child is born, as at present, feeble and helpless ; in

the sixth nnd seventh sub-races, sexual reproduc-

tion is universal. This later third is ready for the

reception of the Manasaputras.

The separation of the sexes, in the fourth sub-

race, in the middle third, took place in the later

part of the Secondary Period, 18,000,000 years

ago, the race having then existed for at least

18,000,000, years and perliaps for much longer ; for it

began ni the Jurassic period of t!:e Secondary, or Me-

sozoic,age,the Reptilian period, as itissometimes call-
ed. Aftertliisthetarliersub races perished off quick-
ly, chiefly in the catastrophe already spoken of. The
Divine Kings, as we siiail see, came to earth before

the separation of the sexes, taking from the middle

third their best forms ; the Divine Androgynes, the
Divine Hermaphrodites, tliey were called, and they
1 Sccrot Ducfrine, ii. 11)3. quoting the Vdyu Purand,
 [ 79 1

into divinest beauty, to-

moulded these forms
figure and feature.
wering giants, splendid in
separation
With their coming, and the subsequent
of the sexes, ended the Satya
Yuga of the earth.
third was born under Shukra, Ve-
The early
and under this influence the hermaphrodites
nus,
were evolved ;
the races separated under Lohitanga,
the embodiment of KamM, the
pass-
Mars, who is

ion-nature. Lii^e all the forms then on earth, man

was gigantic in bulk, compared with his present
size ;

the
he was the contemporary of the pterodactyl,
megolosaurus, and other gigantic aniu.als,
and had

to hold his own among tl^em.

Organs of vision
Race, at first the single
were evolved in this third

eye in themidst of the forehead— later called " the

third eye"— and then the two eyes;
but these
till th.e seventh
were little used by third Race men

sub-race, and only in the fourth Race— the third eye

pineal
having retreated inwards, to become the
gland—did they become tVie nonnal organs of
red, varying
vision. The colour of the third Race is

much in its shades. The Divh.e Androgynes are

of a glorious red-gold hue. indescribably glowing

of
and splendid, and adding largely to the glory
their general aspect, the single eye
flashing like a

jewel from its dazzling setting. It is a shock to

turn from them to the earthen reds o{ the crude

and clumsy forms of the first men and women after

 [ So ]

the separation. Gigantic in height and correspond-

ingly broad, they give the impression of tremendous
power, as far beyond the men of our own genera-
tion as the Anoplatheridae and Paleotheridse, which
surround them in their later days, are bevond the
oxen, deer and pigs, and the horses, tapirs and
rhinoceroses that have descended from them. The
head with retreating forehead, the dully lurid eye,
glowing redl}' over the flattened nose, the projec-
ting heavy jaws, offer a repulsive ensemble accord-
ing to the modern taste. The memory of the third
eye persisted in Grecian stor\', where we read of
the one-eyed " Cyclops," as the one-eyed were
called in later days, and of Ulysses, a man of the
fourth Race, slaying a Cyclops of the third — he who
had a central e)-e. That third eye, developed un-
der the influence of the Monad, of the Spirit in
man, possessed far greater powers of vision than
the two later e\'es, or, to speak more accurately,
offered less obstruction to the perceptive power of
the Monad ; but as the Monad drew back before
the intellect, the physical triumphed, and the two
feeble organs of vision, that are called our ^y^s,
were gradually developed, greater obstacles to the

wide power of perception of the Monad, but yet giv-

ing a sharper definition of objects, and on the way to
a keener vision than before. The third eye gave im-
pressions of the physical in the mass rather than
 [ Si ]

in detail, and the temporary closing in was the

way to clearer sight. These apparent savages,
savages in form, were none the less intuitional, re-

sponding quickly to the impulses sent out by the

Divine Kings who ruled them, under whose
tutelage they builded mighty cities, huge Cyclo-
pean temples, mighty and massive, builded so that
fragments yet remain, and Shamballah itself, the
Holy City, the Sacred Dwelling-place, stands still

unshaken, to tell of the strength that built, of the

skill that planned. Of this civilisation a little

must be said in dealing with Intellectual Evo-

lution.

Let us, ere leaving Physical Evolution, in

which the Barhishad Pitris play so great a part,
glance at their subsequent share in racial evolu-
tion. After giving out their chhAyas for the first

Race, they leave the earth, ascending to Mahfiloka

for a while. ''
Having projected their shadows and
made men of one element, the Progenitors re-as-
cend to MahAloka: whence they descend periodi-
cally,when the world is renewed, to give birth to
new men."i To a new Race, that is, and for the
birth of a new Race they ever descend, guiding it
for a while, and taking birth in it, to aid the Manu
of the Race. They are reborn as the children of
some of the Mind-born Sons of Brahmft, the Plane-
1 Commentary. Secret Doctrine, n. 96.

6
 [ 82 ]

tary Logos, the Sons called the Sapta Ri^his, the

seven Ri^his, and take up again their functions in
the shaping of forms, elaborating the forms of the
thirdRace for the coming changes, and preparing
the Androgynes to become the vehicles of the
Sons of Wisdom. After the separation into ^^exes,
the sons of A tri, to whom the specific name of
Bailii^hads is given — called in some Pur^nas also the

sons of Marichi — preside over the further evolu-

tion of the third Race, to whom the name of D^na-
vas is given in Hindu literature. You may re-
member the btory of the moral deterioration of
the Dfinavas, told in the Mahdbhdrata, as aham-
k^ra — the intellectual principle — takes posses-
sion of them, how the Devi Shri dwelt with them
when they were pure and pious,
in their early days,
and left them as they grew selfish and grasping.
The Pitris became the Divine Kings of these later
Lemurians, ruling under the sway of the Divine
Androgynes, and teaching arts and sciences to
the infant humanity in their charge. They are

therefore called " the Pitris of the DAnavas," and

these same beings are also " the Pitris of the Dait-

yas," the Atlanteans, appearing among them also as

the early Divine Kings.

In the fifth Race, members of the four great

classes appear, toaid Vaivasv^n Manu in His build-
ing of the polity of the first family of that Race.
 [ 83 ]

The sons of Bhrigu, they in whom the causal body-

is the active veliicle, are the Somap^s, the Kavyas
and the Saumyas ; and these are they who give
their chhayas for the typical Sukshma Sharira of
the most advanced Egos then ready for incarna-
tion, who formed the caste of Br^hmanas in

those early days. The sons of Angiras, the Havi-

§hmats, in whom the mental body is the active vehi-
cle, give their chhayas for the type of the Suk§hma
Sharira of the warrior caste, the K^hattriyas. The
sons of Pulastya, the Ajap^s, in whom the astral
body is chhayas for
the active vehicle, give their
the type of the Suk§hma Sharira of the Vaishyas.
—
The sons of Vashi§hta sometimes called the sons
of Daksha — the Suk^lins, in whom the etheric
double is the active vehicle, give their chh^ysa
as the type of the Sukshma Sharira of the Shudras.
Each of these types, having a different colour pre-
dominating in it, the four castes were called the

four Varnas, or the four colours, and to the clair-

voyant eye the Sukshma Sharira of each caste was
at once recognisable by its dominant colour, due to
the relative density of its materials.
This is the secret of the difficulty of the change
of caste, apart from all moral qualifications. The
Sukshma Sharira, shaped by karma for the new
incarnation, has to be rebuilt if the caste is to be
changed. It is not a thing that can be done by a
 —

[ 84 ]

legislative enactment, nor by the decision of any

body of men. None the less it can be done it has —
been done in the past, it is done in the present
but only by the help of the Pitris. That was the
help that Vishvamitra sought by tapas and by yoga,
until he won their assistance, and they gave him
a new chh^ya, the chhaya of the Brahmana. It is

not then true that change from one caste to ano-

ther is impossible, nor could you regard it as
impossible, if you really believed your sacred
books. But it is difficult, very difficult, and can only
be done by the aid of the Pitris, not by the word
of man. There is the truth which lies between
the two extremes, between the man who says that
caste is nothing but birth, and the man who says
that caste is nothing but merit. Neither of them
speak the full truth. Birth has a great deal to do
with it, because the physical body and the Suksh-
ma Sharira are modelled upon a similar plan,
and because the Ego, coming with the SQkshma
Sharira of one type, has the body moulded as far as
possible on the same type.

So far we have traced the spiritual, we have

traced the physical. To-morrow we will bring in

the bridge that unites the two— the intellectual

ancestry of man,

;0:
 Down
ed to
to rend
tion.

Down
ed to
reader
tion.

Do
parted
it cap

Balai
to ph;
sation
 Chain. Hound. Gloh
Characteristics.

(4th chain"). (4th round.) (4th Globe.)

Archetypes of Spiritual Assemblage of
Forms very changeable, Evolves Is
Downwards. Qualities impart- ntal king. in conscious- cells, rock-like
Hi"h spiritual powers, Elemental kin„
ed to higher meotal matter,
'

dom, and types dom and of mi- ness. Mineral fo,fm,

organisa- seized by Ahamk&ra. At
to render it capable of up to mineral, neral. Embryos
close, all gathered up into
SeedManS. Fiery i f o r ms of 3 higher king-
mere films. doms. body. One sen-
.
he

Concrete forms, Spiritual. Ve- Diflerentiation

more fixed Evolves 2nd
Downwards. Qualities impart- Forms getable likeness, of trunk & limbs;
Elemental king- very subtle, in
ed to lower mental matter, to Higher psycbic powers mental Becoming Blight, vegetable -like
At dom, and types lower
tender it capable o£ organisa- and intelligence,
ly more res- form.
^
close, all gathered up m- of vegetable. matter.
™
,°„„
•
'

to Seed Manu.
Gaseous ; forms
with
poneible. Two
senses, hearing
envelopes,
internal net- and touch. La-
tent androgyne,
work.
3rd FoTtns receive Psychic, then Animal-like
Lower Evolves
n Downwards. Qualities im- Forms densified. intelligent. form dual-sex-
Elemental king- astral clothing, ;

psychic powers desires;

parted to astral matter, to render dom, and types of and powers of Animal-like _ .

it capable of organisation.
At close all gathered up receiving and form. Three predominates,
^ animal. Liquid;
into Seed Manu, senses, hearing,
forms sheaths, transmitting
sensory vibra- touch, sight.
with internal sys-
tions. Latent andro-
tems*
gyne, herma-
phrodite, dual

IntelTectual. fiorn into se*

Qualities imparted Forms become materia- ,^™'"',!°;?"" i°'*'/"ew': Human. De- parated lif e .
„„.„..
Balance
toph;Tcal.i'atter,and o^gani- Used to physical.- Point creasinginsize. lafaticy.
-1J° Pf^f""'.
P.^J 'a"^ Spt\
satfon of physical as vehicle. "^^^
e-tej complexity -^^^^ Solid, begins to „.. Four senses,

«or-;^d^,-^th ma-r for self. taste added.

Great density
of form.
gans.
Strongly in- Childhood.
Upward. Organisation of as- Forms made mote plas- ^'"'j,, and phy telligent. Five Senses verj
y
^-
tralasveMcle. ticand 1- -^-- l.^f^^
£?c.
Jds de-
tral,
.cai
ical becnmi
beco'-me: senses,
added.
smell
Gfeat
acute.
bu. '6ub-consciou8."
thired up
"^ into
Seed Manu, velopment to
manity.-J

Spiritual Youth.
y. V ~„ o™.,i»r Evolves animal Forms use men.
OrgaEieation of Forms become simpler gfowth. Sixth Awakening of
_^ ^^j^.^ion, tal, and astral
mental aa vehicle. perceptions k«ner but ™P^„,, and also becomes sense, astral reasoning f acul-
organs generalised. At "™ ^^^iti;,^^ent ..sub-conscious." clairvoyance.
to numau.^j..
close, all gathered up into Unifying ten-
Seed Mann, dencies.
Spiritual.
— . F.volves man to Forms use caii-
_^ Organisation of Forms become very sal on descent, Seventh sense,
any part doing pertecuon^
fj^^'J^^f** ;

clair-
Q&UBal as vehicle. simple, mental also be. tnental
anything perfectly. At ^^^^^ » g^b Toyance. Full
close all gathered up mto ^^^^^y ^ ^^ ^g recognition of
iPlauetory Irfgos^ ^^^^_^lower ve unity.
-j4 hides left be
hind on respec-
tive planes, as
they pass iDtO
 LECTURE III.

THE INTELLECTUAL PEDIGREE.

studied during the
Brothers: we have
last two days two lines of the ancestry of

man. We traced on our first morning his

rpTritual ancestry, and tried to catch some glimpses

of the many mighty Hierarches of spiritual Intel-
forth of
ligences who co-operated in the sending
the Spirit, of the Monad, on his long pilgrimage

through the worlds. Then, on the second morning,

we traced the up-climbing of Matter, ever organised
into better and better forms and we saw how this
;

of Matter was guided by other spiritual

building
Intelligences, who, having conquered Matter in

their own previous evolution, were fitted to control

and shape it for the practically helpless incoming
human Monads. Now our two lines of evolution,
approaching each other, find themselves sepa-
rated by a gulf. The one has been descending
from the celestial spheres, and the other has been
up-climbing from the mud and slime of earth. But
they now face each other across a gulf, and there
 LECTURE III.

THE INTELLECTUAL PEDIGREE.

during the
ROTHERS: we have studied

last two days two lines of the ancestry of

We traced on our first morning his

J^ man.
some glimpses
spiritual ancestry, and tried to catch

of the many mighty Hierarches of spiritual Intel-

forth of
h'gences who co-operated in the sending
the Spirit, of the Monad, on his long pilgrimage

through the worlds. Then, on the second morning,

we traced the up-climbing of Matter, ever organised
into better and better forms ;
and we saw how this

building of Matter was guided by other spiritual

Intelligences, who, having conquered INIatter in

their own previous evolution, were fitted to control

and shape it for the practically helpless incoming
human Monads. Now our two lines of evolution,
approaching each other, find themselves sepa-

rated by a gulf. The one has been descending

from the and the other has been
celestial spheres,

up-climbing from the mud and slime of earth. But

they now face each other across a gulf, and there
 [ 86 ]

isno bridge whereby they may reach each other,

whereby they may come into touch, the one with
the other. That is the position in which we find
ourselves this morning; and this is graphically
described in an ancient Occult Commentary. It
Is written there ;
" It is from the material worlds
that descend they who fashion physical man at the
new Manvantaras. They are inferior Spirits pos-
sessed of a dual body. They are the fashioners
and creators of our body of illusion. Into the
forms projected by the Pitris the Two Letters (the
Monad, called also the Double Dragon) descend
from the spheres of expectation. But they are like
a roof with no walls nor pillars to rest upon. Man
needs four Flames and three Fires to become one
on earth, and he requires the essence of the forty-
nine fires to be perfect. It is those who have
deserted the Gods of Will,
superior spheres, the
who complete the Manu of illusion. For the
Double Dragon has no hold upon the mere form.
It is like the breeze, where there is no tree or branch
to receive and harbour it. It cannot affect the
form where there is no agent of transmission, and
the form knows it not. ...They are like the two
lines of a triangle that has lost its bottom line." ^

That, then, is the description in the Occult Com-

mentary of the position at which human evolution
1 Catechism. Secret Doctrine, ii. 60.
 [ 87 ]

is —
now standing above, the Monad, or Double
Dragon below, the physical form that knows not
;

the over-brooding Spirit. Nothing more can be

done by either of these. The Monad can come
no further downwards the Double Dragon cannot ;

breathe the coarse atmosphere of earth. That

helpless senseless empty form can mount no fur-

ther ; that is the bhOta, the shadow, that cannot

climb any higher up the ladder of evolution. It is

the senseless, the weak, the powerless, that de-

mands some help from outside.
But the divine plan for the building of man
cannot be frustrated here any more than anywhere
else. And they descend from the heavenly spheres,
they who are able to bridge the gulf between the
spiritual and the material. It is the bridge of
intellect they will build, the bridge of mind. Now
the mind cannot be given by the Lords of he ;

Twilight ; for although they themselves posse.-s it,

it is not in them so thoroughly transcended that they

are able to throw it off from them for the helping
of others. Those who are able to spare of their
own mind must of themselves have transcended
mind, for only when we transcend can we give.

While we still identify ourselves with anything,

it remains our own possession ; we cannot part
with it for another.

Thus the mind cannot be given by the Lords

 t 88 ]

of the Twilight ; they have, indeed, achieved in-

telh'gence for themselves, but they have not yet
reached the stage in which they can give that
inteHigence to others. The stately poetry of the
Book of Dzydn sketches for us the difficulty
which confronted those who had done so much to
shape man, but who had now reached the limit of
their powers. The Breath needed a
Listen :
"

form ; the Fathers gave it. The Breath needed a

gross body the earth moulded it. The Breath
;

needed the Spirit of life ; the Solar Lhas breathed

it into its form. The Breath needed a mirror of
its body ;
'
We gave it our own,' said the Dhy^nis.
The Breath needed a vehicle of desires ;
*
It has
it,' said the Drainer of Waters." So far had they
gone. "But Breath needs a mind, to embrace the
universe ;
*
We cannot give that,' said the Fathers.
*
I never had it,' said the Spirit of the earth. *
The
form would be consumed were I to give it mine,'
said the great Fire... Man remained an empty
senseless BhQta."^
Hence arose the need for some who had con-
quered the mind, who were the Lords of Mind, to
come forward and help awaken the powers of
to
Manah, latent in the forms at the same time, ;

many of them were to incarnate within the forms,

to become the Kings, the Teachers, the Guides of
1 Stanzas. Secret Doctrine, ii. 19.
 [ 89 ]

human evolution. These will be the Intellectual

Ancestors, as the Lunar Pitris were the Physical

Ancestors.
We have come to a time since when eighteen
million years have rolled over our earth ;
eighteen
million years ago the Lords of the Flame des-
cended. Now we notice, coming to the earth,

three distinct classes ot great Beings. These

we will dwell upon for a moment, for, hidden in
their varied nature, lies the secret of the intellec-

tual growth of man, and by their play upon the

forms, and the different stages that these forms
have reached, we shall be able, when once we
understand it, to solve the problem of the differen-
ces thatwe find in the intellectual development

of the human races. Remember, on the one side,

"
" men
that you find among those who are called
such beings as are rapidly dying out such men ;

as the Veddas of Ceylon, arboreal beings with

scarcely a language, making only inarticulate and
animal cries such beings as the wild men of
;

Borneo, hardly distinguishable from giant apes;

such men as the aborigines of Australia, that

are so little developed in intelligence that they do

not remember from one day to another, that they
cannot count more than two— one, two, more, to
signify all beyond two. Compare with those

who are still reckoned, and rightly reckoned.

 I 90 ]

within the human pale, such men as a Newton,

such men as a Descartes, such men as the past
great Teachers in India, or like the mighty
E,i§hi VyAsa, who still wore the human form ; or
take the great Teachers, the great Mystics, and
range them on the one side and these backward,
disappearing, races on the other. It seems as
though the name "human" could scarce be
stretched to cover the two, as though the difference
in intelligence were too wide to be explained
simply by evolution. We shall only solve the
problem by an understanding of the mystery of
the intellect, of the mystery of the Sons of Mind.
Now those who come to the earth are summed
up under that last name M^nasaputras, they are
;

called, literally the Sons of Mind. But the name,

in itself, does not convey much information, be-
yond the fact that they were endowed with mind ;
and a good deal of difficulty has arisen in the
thought of our students, because to some of
the M^nasaputras the loftiest terms are applied, and
they are spoken of by names that imply the
highest spiritual intelligence, while on the other
hand, the same name is applied to beings who are
obviously inferior, who are obviously of very
limited intelligence. You have to recognise the
fa^t that the name of MAnasaputra means nothing

more than it says, a son of mind, i. e. a being

 [ 91 ]

possessed of mind, possessed of intelligence ; and

just as " man " is a wide term, covering many
grades of humanity, and indicatine nothing as
to the grade in evolution af the man, so is the
term M^nasaputra employed by H. P. B., follow-

ing the usages of the ancient Hindu Sh^stras,

and it is a term of the widest signification, cover-
ing many, many grades on the ladder of intelli-

gence.

Let us, then, separate off the first three great

classes,who are all far above our humanity,
when They come to our globe the fourth class are ;

the Solar Pitris from the Moon. The first class

are spoken of as the Sons of Night, as the Sons
of theDark Wisdom, as the Lords of the
Dark Wisdom, and this word "dark," or "night,"
comes in over and over again in regard to them.
If we speak quite accurately, this adjective should

be used to distinguish them from the Agni?hvAtta

Pitris, who form the second class of the M^nasa-

putras, and are called the Lords of the Flame,

or the Sons of Wisdom. And I shall use the
adjective when the first class is in question, so
These are Asuras, born of
as to avoid confusion.
the Body of Brahm&, which, thrown aside, became
the Body of Night. If you look over the Hindu

Scriptures, you will find beings named Asuras

playing a very active part in the early stories of
 t 92 )

the world, and the name covers a larger class than

these with whom we are now concerned. It is
worth while to delay upon it for a moment, for
the influence of modern religious thought has
cast a lurid light upon the name, and has made it

almost equivalent to the Christian " Devil," a

being who has no representative in Hinduism. The
word Asura is derived from asit^ breath or life,

asuntat meaning simply a living being ; in the

Rigveda^ Varuna, Indra, Agni, are called Asuras,
the living ones, and it designates spiritual beings,
and by no means those who were evil. It is true
that later on, Asuras and Suras are put in opposi-
tion to each other, for their functions in evolution
were different ; moreover the Suras were, on the
whole, far more passive than the Asuras, more
moved by the sense of unity and of a common
purpose, and hence yielding more ready obedience
to the laws of the system, and promoting their
smooth working, and keeping things in statu quo ;

while the Asuras were turbulent and aggressive,

independent and separative, prone to discontent
and eager for change. The Suras embody Order,
the Asuras Progress, and hence they are constantly
in opposition, though in reality both are equally
necessary. You may remember that, in the churn-

ing of the ocean, the Asuras were at one end of

Shesha and the Suras at the other, both employed
 [ 93 ]

in the churning, and there was a struggle for the

Amrita, the nectar of immortality, which was
denied to the Asuras, eagerly as they desired to
quaff it. Let us see why it was denied. The
principle that embodied in the Asuras, thek
is

very essence, their dominating characteristic, is

Ahamk^ra, the I-making faculty, the will to be
separate. This is the over- mastering force in

them, their characteristic mark, and by this you

may know them. They are ever the rebels, and
where they are there is war. Ahamk^ra develops
in struggle, in isolation, in rebellion, and calls all

turmultuous forces into exercise, and thus esta-

blishes the I. The time comes when that I learns
that its truest self-expression is in the divine will,
is the I of the universe, and then the Asura
breaks the bonds of matter and knows himself to
be one with the Supreme with whom he battled.
Then he may drink the nectar of immortality,
which is poured ever into the cup of unity alone,
and may be drunk by those in whom separateness
is not yet developed, or by those in whom it is

transcended, but not by those in whom it is

triumphant, who embody its very essence. Such

beings, then, formed the first class of the Mdnasa-
putras who came to our earth ; they had developed
extraordinary intelligence; reaching the human
stage in the first planetary Chain, they had during
 [ 94 ]

incalculable aeons of time been developing and

growing in the subtler spheres, playing the
part of Barhi^had Pitjris in the second Chain, of
Agni^hvatta Pitris in the third, and into ours
they came as the Sons of the Dark Wisdom for the

tremendous struggle of the fourth Chain, and the

fourth Round, and the fourth Globe, the ne plus
ultra of the separateness of matter and the
triumph of Ahamk^ra. When the order goes
forth from the Planetary Logos to the " Sons " to
" create their Images," they begin their last

struggle for separate independence, the struggle

which, in its ending, will teach them the true
nature of the "I." They will not create: "One-
third refuses. Two obey. The curse is pronounc-
ed. They will be born in the Fourth, suffer and
cause suffering." 1 These will be the "Lords of
the Dark Face " in Atlantis, striving against the
'*
Lords of the Dazzling Face,"^ and, in their terrible

overthrow, learning the final lesson, and turning to

seek unity through the foremost races of humanity.
These Asuras form the fifth of the great Creative
Orders, that of Makara, fitly named the most
mysterious of all.

The second class of the M^nasaputras are those

so familiar to Theosophists under the name of the

1 Stauzas of Dzyan. Secret Doctrine, i. 64,

2 Secret Doctrine, ii, 445.

 [ 95 ]

Agni§hvatta Pitris ; they are the fruitage of the

second planetary Chain, born of Brahm&'s Body
of Light, or of the Daj'. radiant, splendid Beings,
Pitris of the Devas, the Suras, in the subtler spheres,
and Deva-like in their nature, with the sense
of unity stronger than the sense of separateness.
They occupy various grades in evolution, some
more advanced than They form a part others.
of the sixth Creative Order. Their names are
many in ancient story the occultist calls them ;

the Sons of Wisdom not of the Dark Wisdom, —

observe — the Lords of the Flame, the Sons of the
Fire, the Fire DhySnis, the " Heart of the Body ;"
also he speaks of them as the Triangles — since the
three aspects, Atma-Buddhi-Manah are all active
in them — who on earth become the Pentagons ;

for Manah becoming dual, and Buddhi reflecting

itself in KAma, they become five-fold Atma they ;

cannot give to man, that is too high a task, but

they send its force into etheric matter and so make
the truly human Prara, thus giving the "spiritual
plasm," the life-side of the permanent atoms, that
flows from "the sixfold
Yet Heavenly Man.''^
again he them the PranidhSnanath, the Lords
calls

of profound meditation, the Lords of Yoga. They

are the Virgins, the KumSras, who cannot create
the man of flesh, when Brahm^ desires to populate

1 Secret Doctrine, i, 244.

 [ 96 1

the earth, being too pure and subtle for the task,
On the third Chain, they had brought forth the

men of that Chain, but now matter was denser, and

they more subtle. After accomplishing their task
on earth — the task we have to deal with this morn-
ing — they were reborn as the sons of Marlchi, or
some say of Pulastya, and became the Pitris of the
Devas their heavenly abode is Vir^ja Loka,
;

named after another of their many cognomens,

the Vair^jas. Many are the forms they have
taken, and many their names in the Puranas ; they
are Ajitas, Satyas, Haris, Vaikunthas, S^dhyas,
^
Adityas, Rajasas, etc.

The third class of M4nasaputras consists of

Beings who come to our earth from another pla-
netary Chain. They are not, like the other two
classes, the results of the evolution of our own Chains
in the earlier phases, but come from outside, from
the Chain wherein the planet Venus, Shukra, is

Globe D. You may have noticed certain phrases

in old stories which give a relation between our
earth and Shtakra, the planet Venus. It is said

that the earth is the adopted child of Shfikra. You

may have read that Shukra was the preceptor of the
Asuras, Danavas and Daityas, or you may have read
again that Shiikra was incarnated as Ushanas on

1 Secret Doctrine, ii. 94.

 I 97 ]

our earth. What is the meaning of these puzzling

phrases? They refer to this third class of Manasa-

putras. Venus is earlier in evolution than owr

crjobe •
she is older. She is in her seventh Round
while we are only in our fourth, so that she is

capable of acting as a parent to the earth by virtue

of the far higher evoluti(jn of her humanity hence ;

it is said that she adopted the earth as her child,

the earth which was her younger brother. That,

translated into more intelligible language, means

that she some of her own sons,
sent to the earth

Men marvellous in knowledge and in power. Men

of her seventh Round. She sent them to the youn-
ger earth, in order that they might act there as the

Instructors of mankind. Their duty was not to

throw out the sparks of mind, but to take bodies
on earth, and become the Teachers and the Guides
of theyoung humanity. They came to the earth
when the third Race was under the presiding power
of Shukra, the planet whence They came, a radiant
splendid band, and made to Themselves outer
coatings, drawing round themselves translucent
material, through which shine Their starry subtle

bodies. Them, Their Chiefs is known

The First of

by many mystic names in the old writings. H.P.Tl

speaks of Root-Base of the occult Hier-
Him as the

archy she speaks of Him as the spreading Banyan-

;

tree, because from Him, by His creation of the

7
 [ 98 ]

Sons of will and of yoga, the occult Hierarch}^ was

formed which over- shadows the earth, the Tree of
Life under which we take shelter. She calls Him
also the Great Initiator, because alone from Him
the power of true Initiation descends. By these
and other descriptive names He is indicated m
His mysterious Being and sometimes He is called
;

tke Virgin, t/ie Kum^ra, the One above all others.

Round Him is a small, a very small band of Beings
from His own sphere, His owri planet, who come
to earth to labour with Him for the evolution of

mankind. The humanity of this fourth Round had

not evolved far enough to 3'ield any sons for the

great emprise ; all needed teaching ; none could

teach. Hence the need for help from outside.

They form vvhat has been called the nursery of

Adepts. It is the nucleus of the first great White
Lodge upon eartli, which — from that day, more
than eighteen millions years ago, until now, in this"

modern 20th Century — has never ceased to func-

tion, has never changed its character ; it is the one
supreme Lodge of the Guides and the Teachers of
humanity, without which spiritual evolution were
practically impossible, without which the earth would
wander in the darkness, and for long ages could
not find her way home to the Supreme. These,
then, the Sons of Venus, are the third class of the

M^nasaputras, the root of the great White Lodge.

 [ 99 ]

There remains still one more class of Manasa-

putras : they are the Solar Pitris from the Moon,
grouped into two large divisions according to their
stage of evolution ;
they have been abiding in the
lunar Nirvana between the lunar and terrene
Chains, and have dwelt there still through the vast
period occupied by the three and a half Rounds of
the terrene Chain, which have passed. On this a
Teacher remarks :
" These '
failures ' are too far
progressed and spiritualised to be thrown back for-

cibly from Dh3'^n-chohanship into the vortex of

a new primordial evolution through the lower king-
dom's." ^ The " successes " of the Moon were the
Lunar Pitris, the Lords of the Twilight, the rest
being, comparatively, " failures." Of these, the
second division entered the humanity of earth after
the separation of the sexes in the third Race the ;

first division entered during the fourth Race, the

Atlantean. They did, however, hover round the
earth from the early stages of its activity in this
fourth Round, as though watching for the time
when their tabernacles would be ready for their
incoming.
We must now take up the coming of the Sons
of Mind in definite order, seeing the condition of
the third Race at their coming, and the various
events that surrounded and followed immediately
1 Secret Doctrine, i. 210.
 [ lOO )

on that coming. A preparatory touch was given

to Root Race, to quicken its evolution,
the second
and it was " endowed with the first primitive and
weak spark "of intelh'gence but we need not dwell ;

on this, but may pass to the definite coming of the

M^nasaputras.
We must return for a moment to the stanza
already quoted :
'
At the fourth the Sons are told
to create Their Images. One-third refuses. Two
obey. The curse is pronounced. They will be
born in the fourth, suffer and cause suffering."

Now these sentences are good examples of the diffi-

culty of unravelling the old writings. The word

" fourth " occurs twice, and it is used in two entirely
different senses. In the first phrase you must supply
Round : at the fourth Round the Sons of Mind, the
Manasaputras. were told to create their Images ;

one-third — the Asuras, the rebels — refused, and two-

Ihirds — the Agni§hv^tta and the children of
Pitris,

Venus — obeyed; the curse was pronounced they, ;

the Asuras, will be born in the fourth Race, suffer

and cause suffering. That is a good example, as

I said, of the difficulty of translating old books.

Rounds, Kalpas, Globes, Races — they are mixed up
anyhow. The significant number is given, and the
reader has what particular cycle of
to discover to
evolution the number applies. Once you have the
key, the key of the cycles, then you can turn it in
 [ loi ]

the lock, but until you have the key th«i sentence
is more puzzling than illuminatihg and that is ;

what is called by the name of " biiild." It do^s not

mean that any thing untrue is stated, but it means
that the truth is stated in a way which needs ex-
planation to be understood by the uninitiated.

The key is given when the man is ready. But as it

was important to keep the knowledge in a con-

venient form, which could not be readily under-

stood until men were ready — because of the harm
that had come in the old days of Atlantis by
giving knowledge to those who were morally un-
prepared — the distinctive words that enable one
to identify the time and place were removed from
the commentaries that became public property.
Thus, by the removal of these specific words, the
whole thing became confused. You will find
exactly the same thing in the Puranas, They are
practically largely unintelligible until some of the
keys are given and, as you know, it is the func-
;

tion of Theosophy to give those keys to men.

One-third have refused ; they are to be born

in the fourth Race. They will come, and come
in the Atlantean Race, and play there a
mighty part. For the present thev jmain be-
hind ; the doom of rebirth under wori: . conditions
is upon them ; they would not descend at the
right moment, they would not help in the human
 [ 102 ]

evolution. Jt is said that they came down and

loaked on the forms, " the vile forms of the first

:tliird.'M<ace. Notice the Ahamk^ra coming out,

the sense of separation, the pride, the contempt.
They looked on these forms, the early third, and
they despised them. "They rejected," "They
spurned," are the phrases used. Ahamk^ra reigned
supreme ; they would not descend ; hence the
curse, and the curse which came in a terrible
form, making their work more difficult when they
came, making their struggle keener, harsher and
more turbulent, teaching the needed lesson. So we
can leave our Asuras for the present, awaiting
their time. Two-thirds obeyed. They are the
Agni^hv^tta Pitris, and the children of Venus.
They are willing to take up their work, to perform
their duty. The third Race is evolving. Recall
what I said to you yesterday about the three
stages of the third Race. First, the sexual form ;

the second, hermaphrodite ; the hermaphrodite

is divided into two sexes, separation occurs. The
divine men from Venus descend when the time is

ripe for the second stage of the third Race, and by

their influence the latent androgynity is quickened
into definite hermaphroditism, and some very
beautiful forms are produced. " It is through
Shilkra that the 'double ones' of the third
descended from the first Sweat-born." ^ While
1 Secret Doctrine, ii. 181.
 [ 103 ]

the majority of the third and fourth sub-races

slowly evolved the human form through, to us,

repulsive forms, animal-like, ape-like in type, a few,

specially shaped for the indwelling of the sons of
Venus, were " towering giants of godly strength
and beauty." ^
Glance over the earth for a moment and see
the differences of form. There is the wonderful
Hermaphrodite, beautiful, strong and mighty,
evolved under the immediate direction of the
Lords of Venus for their own use, they being a
perfected humanity, male-female, having passed
beyond the separation of sexes these contained ;

no ex-lunar Monads, but were evolved as forms, the

incoming tenants from Venus acting as the
Monads of the forms. There are the slowly
evolving third and fourth sub-races, passing
through the hermaphrodite stage, and slowly
separating off into male and female, as explained
in the last lecture. They are tenanted by the four
classes of ex-lunar Monads that have touched the
human stage, the three of them that became
human in the first, second and third Rounds,
show out different stages of development, and the
forms over which they brood develope human
characteristics at a rate proportioned to the stage
reached by the brooding Monads. Far behind
1 Secret Doctrine, ii. 181,
 [ I04 ]

them come in the less evolved, occupying lower

and lower forms, until you come to those who
have only begun their human evolution in the
fourth Round itself; the forms of these are na-
turally very crude, very animal-like, and they are
called the " narrow-headed." These, neglected
and despised by their more advanced brethren,
became, as we shall see later, the source of a
terrible degradation, and may serve as a lesson to
the more developed classes — a lesson, alas ! only
too sadly needed still — of the Nemesis entailed on
the whole, by the law of collective karma, when
the higher neglects and despises the lower, and
they in turn re-act upon the higher by the degrada-
tion into which they drag it.

To the earth, showing these varied conditions,

come the Lords of Venus, and, immediately fol-

lowing them, the Lords of the Flame, the Agnish-

v^tta Pitris. A few of the Lords of Venus make
for themselves bodies by will and yoga, as before
mentioned, and a few enter the hermaphrodite
forms They have'evolved from the egg-born. As
the Agni^hvfitta Pitris come, some of them take
them
the embryonic forms within the eggs, evolve
and enter into them Those who entered became
;
"

Arhats,"^ Thus was established upon earth the

first great occult Hierarchy, which has ever since
2 xStanzai. Secret Doctrine, ii. 21.
 [ loS ]

continued its gracious work, with the various

grades appearing in it.

Then begins the labour of the gradual lifting

of humanity, by imparting to "animal man" the
spark of intellect, and thus evolving the 6th and
7th sub-races. This is the work of the
special
Agni^hvAtta Pitjris. The Lords of Venus do not
take part in this. They are the highest grade of
the Hierarchy of Sages, v/ho train great Teachers
for men, and from among whom in the rarest cases,
One appears among men. We read of Them as
settling at Shamballah, that mystic Holy City in
the Central Gobi desert. They come down there
from the far North, where Their earlier home had
been, from the Land of the Gods, and They build
Shamballah and settle therein, where ever since
They dwell unchanged. It is said that Shamballah
is over the heart of the Earth, a mystic phrase,
meaning that within it dwell They who are the
Heart of humanity's life, for from Them and back
to Them flow all the streams of spiritual life. As
from the heart in man the life-blood goes forth to
nourish every part of the body, and returns thither
charged with impurities, to be cleansed and again
sent forth, so from this spiritual Heart go forth the
currents of spiritual life ; to that Heart the
currents return loaded with impurity, when they
have become polluted by their contact with the
 I io6 ]

lower world ; there they are re-purified, and thence

are again sent out. Thus is carried on the perpe-
tual Sacrifice by which human evolution is

sustained and quickened.

When the Lords of Venus —the Dragons of

Wisdom, as They are often called — came to our
earth, they brought with them the seeds of various
types of living things evolved on Venus, to
improve and quicken the terrene evolution. You
may remember that when the coming of Manu
with other Ri§his is mentioned, it is said that He
brought with Him in His ship — the Ark — many
seeds of life. And these seeds were not only the
seeds of life spiritual and life intellectual, but alsa
of physical life as it existed in Venus. Wheat,
for instance, does not belong to our earth, and
much are the botanists puzzled as to its origin by
;

crossing the wheat produced from the Venus

seeds with earth-born grasses, the early Instructors
evolved the various food-grains. Bees and ants,
with their extraordinary social systems and well-
regulated activities, are natives of Venus, coming
from a sphere where all evolution had progressed
much further than our own, so that even in the

realms of vegetable and animal life all stands on a

higher level than we have yet reached.
These Dragons of Wisdom are " the primitive
Adepts of the third Race, and later of the
 [ 107 ]

fourth and fifth Races," ^ says H. P. B., and were

the " Sons of the Fire," the immediate disciples of
the "Fathers," the "Primordial Flame." They 2

gave the Buddhas, i. e. tlv^ supreme Buddha and

the Bodhisattva for the Third Race, as well as

many Arhats, a few of the Agni^hv^tta Pitris

also entering into this glorious company ;

from

Them also the Beings who occupied similar sta-

tions in the fourth Race, and in the fifth Race

twenty-four are found, these mostly being Agni-
§hvatta Pitris, and recognised among the Jains
^
as the twenty-four Tirthankaras.

The divine Hermaphrodites of the middle

third Race, the "holy Fathers," as They are
called, created Sons by will and yoga for the
incarnation of the highest Agnii^hv^ttas, the
" Ancestors— the spiritual forefathers - of all

the subsequent and present Arhats or Mah^tm^s,"^

that is, their Gurus and we are told that, in the
;

seventh Race, these Sons of will and yoga, with

others like them, will produce mind-born sons.^
These again are They who, watching over the
evolution of the later third and the fourth Races,
became wroth with the children of Atlantis, as
we shall see later, when they became steeped in

catas-
degradation, and brought about the great
2 ^i^m.i^%, Secret Doctrine, i. 60.
1 Secret Doctrine, ii. 220.
4 Ibid. 183. Ihid. 288.
3 Secret Doetrinc. ii. 441. note. 5
 [ 108 ]

trophes which whelmed Atlantis beneath the

waves of ocean. They are ever spoken of as the

divine Instructors, They who superintended the

spiritual evolution of humanity, and guided the
cosmic forces so as to subserve that evolution.
The divine Kings — of the earliest dynasties —-who
guided humanity intellectually, teaching them
sciences and arts and superintending their social
evolution, were some of the highest Agni§hv^tta
Pitris. These were the Titan-Kaborim, to whom
allusions are made in the records of very ancient
peoples. Says H. P. B. :
" They are truly '
the
great beneficent and powerful Gods,' as Cassius
Hermone calls Them. At Thebes, Core and
Demeter, the Kabirim, had a sanctuary, and at
Memphis, the Kabiri had a temple so sacred,
that none, excepting the priests, were suffered to
enter its holy precincts... They were also, in the
beginning of times, the Rulers of mankind, when
incarnated as Kings of the 'divine dynasties/
They gave the first impulse to civilisation, and
directed the mind, with which they had endued
men, to the invention and perfection of all the
arts and sciences. Thus the Kabiri are said to
have appeared as the benefactors of men, and as
such They lived for ages in the memory of
nations. To these Kabiri or Titans is ascribed
the invention of letters... of laws and legislature,
 — -

[ 109 ]

of architecture, as also of the various modes of

magic, so-called and of the medical use of
plants." 1 Occultists speak of these divine Beings
also as the Manushis, who taught the sacred
language, the Senzar, to the third and fourth
^
Races.
Let us turn from the Rulers to the humanity
They ruled. The highest grades of this humanit}-,
the immediate pupils and ministers of the divine
Kings, were Agni§hv^ttas of lower classes, some of
whom gradually evolved into Arhats in the better
types of body in the fourth and fifth sub-races.
The second class of the Solar Pitris from the
Moon came into incarnation in the sixth and
seventh sub-races, leading the advance under these
of humanity — until superseded by the first class,

who came into the fourth Race. Belov/ these

came the four classes of ex-lunar Monads pre-
viously mentioned, thus presenting to our gaze
an immense variety of human grades, from the
semi-divine men, surrounding the divine Kings,
down to the narrow-headed semi-animal types.
In all the higher classes the third eye functioned
actively, so that the astral worlds were as open to
them as the physical ; its powers decreased in

the lower classes, until in the narrow-headed

vision is very dim. In the sixth and seventh
—————— I
—~— •
•

1 Secret Doctrine, ii. 380- 2 Ihid. i. 26.

 [ no ]

sub-races, as we have seen, it gradually retreats

inwards, to disappear altogether among the
Atlanteans.
We see in Leniuria, during the earlier

part of the later third Race, the dawn of an

exquisite civilisation, in which the Elders guide
the youngers, who are still obedient, tractable,
intuitive — the youngest of all following blindly
and submissively in the wake of their seniors.

The organisation is due only to the Elders ; hence

its beauty. But it obviously cannot be perman-
ent, for it is the beaut)^ of infancy, carefully
guarded and shielded, not the beauty of manhood,
self-sustaining and self-directed. Guided by the
divine Kings, the sixth sub-race built the first

rock and lava cities in the region of Madagascar,

and^many such cities followed, whereof, here and
there, vast fragments remain, rocks that no
modern engineer could handle, ruins of huge tem-
ples— cyclopean ruins, they are called. To the
early Greeks and the early Egj^ptians they handed
on the types of such building, and in the temples
of Egypt, such as that of Karnac, we see traces of
Lemurian building as practised by their later
descendants of the fourth Race. So, again, in

southern India traces of this massive style of

building appear in some of the old temples. Judg-
ing by the ruins of Karnac, you may imagine the
 [
II' ]

building of those who were mightier yet than they

who raised those ponderous stones ; or see the migh-
ty pyramid of Egypt, and measure the knowledge
and the skill that reared its stupendous strength.
But those stones were not raised by mere bulk
of muscles, nor by skilful apparatus, strong beyond
modern making ; they were raised by those who
understood and could control the forces of terres-
trial magnetism, so that the stone lost its weight,
and floated, guided by the touch of a finger, to
rest on its appointed bed. Some of the extra-
ordinary rocking-stones still remain, that were
poised by Lemurian fingers — or to use a name
more famiHar to you, by the fingers of D^navas.
For the Danavas were the sixth and seventh sub-
races of the Third Race. Those stones are one
of the puzzles modern science has failed to solve,
trying explanations of erosion by and water,
ice
that are manifestly inadequate. And what are
they, the rocking-stonesMeans by which messa-
?

ges might come from Those above to those below,

in which the swayings of the stone spelt out the
messages, as the swayings of the Morse telegraph
needle spell out messages to-day.
I have just named the DAnavas, and you will
remember that in the ancient stories the Danavas
were pure and pious in their early days, and gra-
dually deteriorated in their later. Let us follow
 [ 112 ]

this downward process, and see how it came

about.
We are still on the downward arc, though
nearing its close. Matter
becoming is rapidly
denser, and the bodies grow more and more ma-
terial ; they are gigantic, strong, vigourous, and,
with the separation of the sexes, the creative ins-
tinct that is inherent in all life takes on the sur-
ging vehement form of sexual passion, hitherto
unknown. That creative instinct in the sexless
had worked smoothly, calmly, in the production of
new forms. But now, violent physical excitement
and pleasure mingled with it, and sexual passion
arose, first in the animals and then in man. The
Agni§hv^tta Pitris who had incarnated, and the
Solar Pitris — clad in bodies growing denser
and more robust with every birth, conscious of
their intellectual power and feeling themselves as

Gods upon earth, sending down into their bodies

strong currents of vitality that became transmuted

in the densifying bodies into currents of sexual
passion, hitherto unknown — were oft-times attrac-
ted by women of the less evolved classes, and,
mating with them, produced a progeny of lower
type than themselves. The bright Sons of Light
wedded the more earthly women — " the Sons of
God saw the daughters of men that they were
fair, and took them wives of all that they chose,"
 [ 113 ]

says the old Hebrew tradition truly enough ^

— and
humanity descended deeper into matter. It was
necessary to go down into the depths of matter in

order to conquer it, and in that first Kuruk^hetra

many were conquered. A separation arose be-
tween those who, in the fierce struggle, still clung
to the laws of the divine Hierarehy, and those who,
succumbing to the intoxicating delights of sense
encased in gross matter, turned their backs on the
Lords of Light. As they drew apart quarrels arose,
wars broke out, between them. The purer gra-
vitated slowly northwards ; the coarser wandered for
and wide, southwards, eastwards, westwards, made
alliance with the grosser Elementals, and became
worshippers of matter rather than of Spirit. They
became the fathers of the Atlantean Race, the
Race in which matter was to reach its densest
state, and win its greatest triumphs. It is the first

division between the followers of the light and the

dark, the division which will become more marked
and with more terrible results in Atlantis. The
deified images of these Lemurian giants were
worshipped as those of Gods and Heroes in the
fourth and fifth Races, and many an ancient my-
thos records their great achievements, their colos-
al combats, their superb strength.

1 Genesis, vi. 2.

8
 ;

; 114 ]

As the separation went on, gigantic and far-

reaching convulsions began to rend Lemuria apart
earthquakes shook the land, and volcanoes burst
out, sending far and wide raging floods of fiery
lava. The huge continent split up into great is-
lands, each itself as large as a continent, and these
in turn were rent by new convulsions, until at last,

some 700,000 years before the beginning of the Ter-

tiary age, Lemuria as such disappeared, devastated
by fire, channelled by lava, in great explosions of
steam generated as fire warred with water, and,
amid roaring flames and surging billows, it sank,
island after island, into the whirlpools of fire and
sea.

On many districts which were not destroyed,

some remaining as part of Atlantis, others isolated

— such as Australia — some of the third Race peo-

ple long survived. The aboriginal Australians and
Tasmanians, now well-nigh extinct, belong to the
seventh Lemurian sub-race; the Malays and Papuans
have descended from a cross between this sub-
race and the Atlanteans and the Hottentots form
;

another remnant. The Dravidians of southern

India are a mixture of the seventh sub-race with the
second Atlantean sub-race. Where a really black
race is found, such as the negro, Lemurian descent
is strongly marked.
One other fact remains to place on record, ere
 ;

[ 115 ]

we close to-day's study, for it resulted from the

refusal of the Asuras to take their due place in

evolution, and brought about a sore degradation, a

descent instead of an ascent, of those v/ho should
"have become truly men.

In this the occult record comes sharply into

conflict with modern scientific teaching. Modern

science posits a common animal ancestor for the

anthropoid apes and man. Occultism asserts that

the anthropoid apes are the late descendants of a
mixture of the human and animal kingdoms that
took place in the later third Race. You will re-

member that the lowest human class of the ex-

—
lunar Monads those who had touched the thresh-
old of humanity at the close of the third Round,
the " narrow-headed" — were not ready to receive
the spark of mind ; they had separated into sexes,
but were ruled wholly by animal instincts. Some
of these, in the seventh sub-race, mated with ape-like
animals, not very far from themselves in form, but
with Monads far less evolved than their own, still

belonging to the animal kingdom, and from this

union sprang a race half-human and half-animal
some of its descendants again inter-bred with some
of the most degraded of the later Atlanteans, and
the beings known as Satyrs in old Greek story,
denizens of forests and lonely places, the terror of
all more highly evolved men, bestial exceedingly—
 [ it6 ]

these were the progeny of that degrading alliancec

From these, according to occultism, descend the
anthropoid apes, and these alone, of all now in the

animal kingdom, will reach humanity on our Chain.

In the sixth and seventh Races of this Round on our
globe, they will attain to the astral human form,
and in the fifth Round will enter definitely into the
human kingdom. Such was the " sin of the mind-
less," and its results.

" Seeing which, the Lhas [Asuras] who had

not built men, wept, saying :
" The Am^nasa
[mindless] have defiled our future abodes. This
is Karma, Let us dwell in the others. Let us
teach them better, lest worse should happen. They
did Then all men became endowed with
Manah." i

The earth was ready for the Atlantean evolu-

tion. The fourth Race was born.
1 stanzas. Secret Doctrine, ii. 22.
 FOURTH LECTURE.
The Human Races.

ROT HERS We have seen that the sexes be-

:

came separate in man in the middle third

neverthe
^^. Race, some 18,000,000 years ago ;

obstructed
while the third eye was not entirely
less!

by dense matter, the Monad exercised some

slight

influence directly upon his vehicles ;

this influence

lessened as the density of matter increased,

and the
took pos-
developing lower mind more and more
Monad into the background,
session, thrusting the

and compelling all influence to pass through itself.

When the time arrived for the birth of the fourth

had
Race, the most advanced section of humanity
that the
reached this point, and hence it is said
Atlantean was the " first iruly human and terres-

^
trial race."

The Atlantean continent was slowly rising as

and
the Lemurian was broken up by earthquakes
volcanic outbursts, the one emerging as the other
sank. The most suitable types for the fourth Race

1 Secret Doctrine, ii. 278.

 [ "8 ]

— the most intellectually developed and the most

robust and dense in body — were chosen out of the
third Race by the Manu of the fourth, and were led
away northwards to the Imperishable Sacred Land,
to be isolated and evolved, and to settle, on leav-
ing that cradle of the races, on the northern parts of
Asia, unaffected by the great Lemurian catastrophes.
The two sub-races of the Atlanteans overlap the
first

sixth and seventh sub-races of the Lemurians during

the later part of the Secondary Age, ante-dating the
great Lemurian catastrophe, which took place 700,000
years before the close of that age. The most glori-
ous period as regards spirituality of the fourth
Race — that under its divine dynasty — was in the
Eocene Age, and the first great cataclysm, which
destroyed it, took place about the middle of the
Miocene Age, some four million years ago. Ano-
ther splendid civilisation the Toltec grew up — —
after this first cataclysm, and was destroyed in the
catastrophe of 850,000 years ago.^ Others, but
none so splendid, followed. These we shall glance
at presently. The last remnant of Atlantis, the
island called Poseidonis by Plato, was submerged
eleven thousand years ago, 9564 B. C.

'^
Great obscurity surrounds these dates ;
H. P. B.

places the first catastrophe in the mid-Miocene (Secret Doc-

trine, ii. 751, 755) ; and see note, on p. 328, where she
say« that " the main Atlantis perished " " several million
 [ 119 ]

The huge continent we call Atlantis, the conti-

nent of the fourth Race, nanaed Kusha in the oc-

years ago." The catastrophe of 860,000 years ago, in the

later Pliocene, she calls that of Rnta and Daitya. apparent-

ly because the land, which later formed the islands thna
narhed, was then broken off from America, and she places
the first segregation of the Aryan Race at about 200,000
years before this, /. e., roughly one million years ago. This
age of the fifth Race is stated more than once (ii. 9), and
this coincides with other authorities, and may be regarded,
provisionally, as settled. But it conflicts utterly with an
isolated statement, (ii. 755) which puts the milhon years
before the Miocene catastrophe^ entirely contradicting the

other statements, which are consistent with each other,

and have been generally accepted. One serious discrepan-

cy remains between the Secret Doctrine and the Story

of Atlantis. The cataclysm of 850,000 years ago
is the second, according to the Secret Doctrine,

the first according to the Story of Atlantis. The third

(or second) catastrophe, of 200,000 years ago, is ignored

by the Secret Doctrine, and is indeed spoken of in the

Stori/ of Atlantis as "relatively unimportant." Kor does
the secret Doctrine concern itself with the catastrophe

of 80,000 years ago. The fact is that the '* convulsions

and the breaking asunder <^f the ocean floors " went on
for ages more or less violently, and one or another convul-
sion may be selected for notice. I have, myself, no faculty
for fixing ancient dates, and have in this outline followed
those of the Secret Doctrine.
 [ 120 ]

cult records, embraced northern Asia — untouched,

as said, from Lemurian times — stretching far to the
north of the great sea, now the Gobi Desert; it ex-
tended eastwards, in a solid block of land, inclu-
ding China and Japan, and passing beyond them
across the present northern Pacific Ocean, till it

almost touched the western coast of North Ameri-

ca ;
southwards it covered India and Ceylon, Bur-
mah and the Malaj^ peninsula, and westwards inclu-
ded Arabia and Syria, the Red Sea and
Persia,
Abyssinia, occupying the basin of the Mediterranean,
covering southern Italy and Spain, and projec-
ting from Scotland and Ireland, then above the
waters, into what is now sea, it stretched west-
wards, covering the present Atlantic Ocean and a
large part of North and South America. The catas-
trophe which rent it, in the mid-Miocene, about four
million years ago, into seven islands, of varying
size, brought to the surface Norway and Sweden,
much of southern Europe, Egypt, nearly all

Africa,and much of North America, while sinking

northern Asia, and breaking Atlantis off from the
Imperishable Sacred Land. The lands later
called Ruta and Daitya, the present bed of the
Atlantic, were rent away from America, but a great
belt of land still connected them, a belt submerged
in the catastrophe of 850,000 years ago, in the later
Pliocene, leaving the two lands as separate islands.
 [ 121 ]

These, again perished, some 200,000 years ago,

leaving Poseidonis in the midst of the Atlantic.
must be remembered with regard to the dates
It

of catastrophes, and the relative distribution of

sea and land, that these vary according to the
catastrophes selected for chronicling, and the point
between widely separated periods at which a map
is made. The available information is fragmentary,
and is not always easily pieced together ; hence
the above outlines as existing at given dates must
be taken provisionally.
The Lemurians selected as the parents of the
Atlantean stock, and led by their Manu to the Im-
perishable Sacred Land, separated off into groups,
occupying the seven zones, or promontories, of the
land. " Thus, two by two, on the seven zones,"
says the Book of Dzyan, "the third Race gave birth
to the fourth,"^ about eight million years ago, to-

wards the later part of the Secondary Age. They

were born under the Moon and Saturn — Soma and
Shani — and much of the black magic developed
among them, especially in the Toltec sub-race, was
wrought by a skilled use of the " dark rays " of
the moon, the emanations from the dark part of
the moon. To Saturn was partly due the immense
development of the concrete mind which marked
the same sub-race, and much of the Egyptian lore

1 Stanzas Secret Boctrinp. ii. 23,

 [ 122 ]

was gained under his influence. They were called

also the " children of Padmap^ni," the flower of
the lotus being a symbol of generation, an allusion
Race was produced by a
to the fact that the fourth
union of the sexes. The marked density reached
now by the human body brought about the clear
recognition of impacts from solids, to which the
subtler forms of earlier times had offered little res-

istance.

Into the first sub-race of the fourth Race, the

Rmoahal, fair in colour, came the Asuras ; and the
first class of Solar Pitris, ex-lunar Monads, also
came crowding in. They moved southward after

long ages, when the Atlantean type was definitely

established, and under the rule of their divine
Kings, the Agnishv^tta Pitris, gradually established
a powerful civilisation. They drove before them
the Lemurians, still dwelling in Africa and in the
adjoining lands which had risen from the Atlantic,
building strong cities, and becoming a settled peo-
ple. The third eye was still used, but the two
ordinary physical eyes had developed and were
replacing it ; the astral world was not yet shut out
from the general vision, and much susceptibility to
astral impressions remained, and much tractability

as regarded the divine Rulers, looked up to, practi-

callyworshipped by, those They guided and trained.

The Asuras were not yet masters enough of their
 [ 123 ]

bodies to be able to turn their attention to the

mastery of others, and the young civih'sation went
quietly on. The second sub-race, the Tlavatli,

yellow grew up on the land now beneath

in colour,

the Atlantic, still ruled and guided from above, by

the divine Kings. The Asuras steadily came to
the front of human evolution, as the ages went on,
but were still obedient to the Lords of Light, rul-

ing large districts and labouring for the improve-

ment of agriculture and architecture, both of which
made great progress under their brilliant leader-
ship. There is nothing else in Atlantean civilisation
so peacefully great as this early period, under the
divine Kings. Meanwhile, under the western sky,
were beginning to grow the seeds of a more intel-

lectual but more densely physical sub-race, that

called the Toltec, destined to carry the fourth Race
civilisation to its highest material point, and also to
experience its most tremendous fall. The most
powerful of the Asuras and the best of the Solar
Pitris took birth in this, and settled on lands
which did not come within the sweep of the mighty
convulsion that rent Atlantis into the seven great
islands. This convulsion destroyed the greater part
of the firstand second sub-races, leaving only rem-
nants ; the first drifted northwards, dwindled in
stature, and declined into barbarism. The second
gravitated southwards and eastwards, intermarried
 [ 124 ]

with the Lemurians still left in the district into

which they wandered, and gave rise to the Dravi-
dian peoples.
Thus was cleared the theatre for the great Tol-
tec suh-race, a race handsome and well-cut in

feature, gigantic still, some twenty-seven feet in

height, but well-modelled in figure, red to red-brown

in colour. Their bodies and those of the fourth and
fifth sub-races were denser in material than any
before or since, of a hardness sufficient to bend a
bar of the iron of the present day, were it launched
against them, or to break a bar of our steel, were
they heavily struck by it ; one of our knives would
not cut their flesh, any more than it would cut a
piece of present-day rock. Needless to add that
the minerals of their day were so much harder than
our own, that their relative hardness to these hu-
man bodies was much as that of our minerals to
our bodies now. Another peculiarity was the ex-
traordinary recuperative power they possessed ;

they recovered from the mo«Jt ghastly and exten-

sive wounds, received in battle or accident, the
flesh joining and healing with the most astonishing
rapidity ; nor did they at all suffer from nervous
shock, consequent on serious laceration, nor suffer
very keenly from physical torture, even that inflic-

ted by deliberate human cruelty. The nervous

organisation was strong but not fine, nor was it
 [ 125 ]

delicately balanced in its internal co-ordinations ;

hence it could stand, without injury, shocks which

would prostrate a man of the fifth Race, and could
endure strains and convulsions that would leave
him a nervous wreck. Flesh like rock, nerves
like wires of steel, would best describe the bodies
of these sub-races. The developing sense of taste an-
swered only to very powerful stimulants, and could
not distinguish any delicate flavours ;
putrid meat,
strongly smelling fish, garlic and all herbs of very
pungent flavour, the sharpest and most fiery solids
and liquids, were, to them, the only delicious foods.
All else was tasteless and vapid. As they possess-
ed no sense of smell, they could dwell undisturbed
amid the most appalling stenches, and although
the higher classes were most scrupulously clean in
their persons and dwellings, the neighbourhood of
malodorous filth — provided it did not offend the
eye — troubled them not at all. Traces of these phy-
sical peculiarities still remain in many of their de-
scendants. The North American Indians recover
from wounds which would kill the fifth Race man,
whether from injury to tissue or from nervous
shock ; he can bear, unblenching, torlures under
which the Race man would incontinently faint
fifth

away. The Burmans will bury fish and meat, and

find them, in their putrid condition, a toothsome
delicacy. And all can live amid smells that would
 [ 126 ]

turn the Race man sick. The tliird eye, which,

fifth

as we have seen, had retreated inwards and had

been becoming more and more obscured with the
increasing density of matter, disappeared alto-
gether as a physical organ during the Toltec sub-
race, but remained functionally active for long ages
In the succeeding sub-races. Even after its com-
plete disappearance as a physical organ, much
susceptibility to astral impulses remained, and
superphysical impressionability was general. In the
days of ToUec degradation, processes of black ma-
gic were resorted to by the upper classes, in order
to deprive of this faculty those whom they oppress-
ed and enslaved. They not only ceased to train it,

as was done in the earlier days, but sought actively

to stunt and even to destroy it. Despite all,

however, it still survives, to some extent, in many

fourth Race nations and tribes.

Language was at this time agglutinative, both

among the Toltecs and among the fourth and fifth

. sub-races — the Turanian and Semitic — and this was

the most ancient from of the Rakshasa language,
so called as typical of the Turanian giants, to
whom the name of R^kshasas was specially given
As time went on, language became inflectional,
and this passed on to the fifth Race.
Stature, as said above, was gigantic —giants,
.
Titans, are names often met with — but it gradually
 [ 127 ]

diminished, sub-race alter sub-race. The Easter

Island statues run to about twenty-seven feet in
height, and represent fourth Race men in the mid-
die period ; the Bamian statues, five in number,
are said, by H. P. B., to be the handiwork of fourth
Race Initiates, and to represent the gradually di-
minishing height of the five Races ; the first is 173
feet in height, representing the first Race ; the
second, that of the Sweat-born, is I20 feet high ; the
third, that of the third Race, 60 feet ; the fourth and
fifth are smaller, the last being a Httle over the height
of a tall man of the fifth Race. The statues have
been modelled over in plaster, and made to represent
the Lord Buddha, but the rock-cut figure*^ ante-
date His coming by ages.i
Into this third sub-race, the Toltec, cam.e some
of the greatest Asuras, Intelligences of highly deve-
loped power and knovrledge, and they found in the
splendid highest type of Toltec bodies fit vehicles for
their further evolution, and vehicles, moreover, that
took on swiftl}' a still higher development, under the
stimulating pressure from within. Behind them
gathered the Asuras who had already previously
incarnated in the first and second sub-races, and
also the Solar Pitris, who had therein experienced
their first terrene incarnations. Such were the
higher classes of the early Toltecs, and below them

1 See Secret Doctrine, ii. 353-355,

 [ 128 J

a vast mass of less developed, but pliable and re-

ceptive people, ready to be led and guided. To these
came the divine Kings, to aid them in the building
of a great civilisation, and the Dragons of Wisdom
watched this new development of the human race,

so promising in the vigour of its splendid and eager

youth. Hence this sub-race, named the Daityas in the
Pur^nas, is said to have taught by Shukra, the di-

vine Agni^hv^tta Kings ruling it under the instruc-

tionand protection of the Dragons of Wisdom from
Venus. Hence, too, is Shukra spoken of as the
preceptor of the Asuras.
Under these favouring conditions of divine In-
structors and Rulers and apt pupils, the Toltec
civilisation grew and developed. In it appeared
Asuramaya, greatest of astronomers, who began
the astronomical records ever since guarded by the
White Lodge, he who constructed the Zodiac,
handing it down to the Atlanteans of Ruta, from
whom it passed to the Egyptians after the lapse of
ages. Among them, from time to time, appeared
the mysterious N^rada, Son of will and yoga, He
who had learned the secret of appearing upon earth
during incalculable ages, by stepping from one
body to another, arbiter of the destiny of nations,
guider of the whirling wheels of change, the sparks
whereof are wars and natural convulsions. Study
of the energies of nature was carried further by
 [ 129 ]

these quick pupils of the Sages than man has since

been able to carry it. They yoked to their service
the subtle energies that have the ether for their
medium ; they learned to plough the air in air-

ships as steamers plough the waves of oceans, and

these air-ships were used in the great wars which
marked the later ages of Toltec supremacy. Many
a reference to these may be found in the ancient
stories, telling of combats waged in air between
contending hosts. In those later days also they
used their knowledge of chemistry to construct
weapons dealing out a wide-spreading destruction ;

a war-ship, high in air over tiie heads of the comba-

tants, would suddenl}^ pour down a rain of heavy
poisonous vapour, that would stupefy or slaj- thou-
sands of hapless warriors ; or they would hurl down
huge bombs that, on striking the ground, exploded,
scattering in all directions hundreds of thousands of
fier}' balls or fiery arrows, spreading the ground
with the mutilated corpses of the slain.

In earlier days, their scientific studies were

turned in more beneficent directions : to the im-
provement of agriculture, the breeding of improved
types of animals, the production of grain-stuffs, the
cultivation of fruit-trees, the enriching of the soil,

the use of light of various colours for the stimula-

tions of the growth of animals and plants, and for
the eradication of germinal diseases.

9
 [ I30 ]

Nor must be forgotten the wide use of alchemy,

the parent of chemistry, in the production of the
metals now called " precious," but then esteemed
merely for their beauty as decorative agents. Gold
was freely used on houses and temples, and gilded
pillars were seen in the houses of the wealthy, the
palaces of rulers, the temples of religion. Many
beautiful alloys were also made for decorative pur-
poses, contributing their metallic glint to the splen=
dour of the cities.

Architecture was the art that rose highest

under the Toltecs, and some of their great cities

were models of strength and beauty. Supreme

among them all was the famous " City of
the Golden Gates," built on a hill which was
crowned by the gorgeous Golden Temple, at once
a temple and a palace, for its pillared galleries

and richly adorned courts were <he home of the

divine Kings, who raised the Toltec Empire to Its

splendid height. Painting and gilding were large-

ly used on the outside of the houses, and statuary,
bas-reliefs and mouldings of all kinds were freely
employed as decorations. ^

The social polity established by the divine

Kings was based on the general idea that know-
ledge and power must bear burden and responsi-

1 Many details on all these points will be found in the interest-

ing StoJ'y of Atlantis, by W. Scott Elliot.
 ( 131 )

bility, and that weakness gave a claim for protec-

tion not a reason for oppression. Education was
universal, but of many kinds, suited to the life which
lay before the student. In the days of the zenith
of the Toltec civilisation, every capital of a pro-
vince had its central college, with a department
for each art, science, and branch of literature, and
with affiliated colleges through the whole province,
by means of which was spread the knowledge of
all discoveries that tended to improvement in the
application of science to production. Progress in
science was promoted by the rule that removed
men from the active duties of executive work when
they had passed the zenith of their physical powers,
and relegated them to the study and the laboratory,
if not needed for the direction of great industrial
enterprises, the discharge of judicial functions, the
guiding of the State. The less developed classes
were trained in agricultural, manufacturing, and
•allkinds of manual labour, and their welfare and
comfort, with the provision of abundant food and
clothing, were regarded as among the first duties
of government. A Governor whose people were
discontented, unruly, ill-provided, was removed
from his post, as being either incapable or neglect-
ful, and for any serious troubles he was punished
by fine or imprisonment.
Many traces of these methods and views are
 [ 132 ]

still to be found in the fragments of very ancient

embedded in the books of nations with
literature,

an antique past. They appear in some of the Chf-

nese books, and some of the fragments unearthed
from comparatively modern, though now dead,
civilisations, shew the paternal and minute care
exercised by Rulers over their people. The beauti-
ful, though effete, civilisation of Peru, destroyed
by Pizarro and his Spaniards, shews some faint

traces of the elder world, whence it was derived.

The Toltec sway spread from its centre in
Atlantis proper —
the land now beneath the Atlantic
— westwards over the land now embraced in North
and South America ; eastwards also it extended
itself over northern Africa and Egypt, bringing
under its 'rule many nations springing from the
mixture of the second sub-race with the Lemu-
rians, and of the younger fourth and fifth sub-
races, growing up in their respective centres.

When the Toltec Empire had been raised to its

highest point, the divine dynasty came to an end
for the wisdom of the great Hierarchy saw that the
time had come when humanity should try to walk
for a while alone, gaining knowledge by its experi-

ments and strength from its falls. A long line of

Adept Kings followed, disciples of the great Lords,
but now ahamkara of the incarnated Asuras,
the
nourished by power and rule, began to assume dan-
 [ 133 ]

gerous dimensions as their strength and domin-

ance increased, and as the strong hand^ of the
divine Kings was removed, and the reins of empire
fell into a weaker grasp.' The Stanzas tell the
story in brief bold outline: "Then the third and
fourth became tall with pride. '
We are the Kings;
we are the Gods.' They took wives fair to look
upon, wives from the mindless, the narrow-headed.
They bred monsters, male and female, also khado,
with little minds. They built temples for the hu-
man body. Male and female they worshipped.
Then the third eye acted no longer. They built

huge cities, of rare earths and metals they built.

Out of the fires vomited, out of the white stone of
the mountains and of the black stone, they cut their
own images, in their size and likeness, and wor-
shipped them. They built great images, nine yatis

high, the size of their bodies. Inner fires had des-

troyed the land of their fathers. The water threa-
^
tened the fourth."
Let us fill in the outline. First I would sug-
gest, with all deference, that " the third and fourth"
does not mean, as stated in the foot-note on p. 284,
the third and fourth Races, but the third and fourth
sub-races of the fourth Race. It is distinctly said in

the first shloka of Stanza X; " the third. Race gave

birth to the fourth," and then mention is made of

1 Stanzas. Secret Doctrine, ii. 23, 24.

 [ 134 ]

the first four sub-races, thus produced. To bring

in at this stage the third Race, of which the degra-
ded remnants were scattered through the fourth
Race Kingdoms, seems incongruous, and the story
isthrown out of gear. Whereas, if we read " third
and fourth" as applying to the sub-races, the
whole story is then congruous and sequential. At
this stage of the third sub-race, the Toltec, rule,
the fourth sub-race, the Turanian, had risen into
power in the eastern lands, though still tributary
to the white Emperor of the City of the Golden
Gates, and in the later struggle allied itself with
the southern rebels ; these were the *'
third and
fourth" that grew "tall with pride." The fifth

sub-race was also differentiated, and was fight-

ing its turbulent way to power in the north ; we

need not, however, concern ourselves with it at the
moment.
Against the rule of the White Emperor, the
incarnated Asuras gradually rebelled ; at first sec-
retly, disregarding the orders from the capital,

spreading the idea that the far-off Sovereign was

less useful to the people than the nearer Viceroys,
themselves, assuming greater and greater state,

and encroaching in every direction on the imperial

authority. To increase their own greatness in the
eyes of the people, they dazzled them with exhi-
bitions of magical power, using their great resour-
 L 135 ]

ces of superphysical knowledge to aggrandise

themselves, and to surround themselves with

mystery, breeding awe in the minds of the ignorant.

In order more fully to detach the hearts of the

people from the White Emperor, they gradually

introduced changes in religious worship, and subs-

tituted luxurious feasts, dazzling spectacles, and

sensuous pageantry for the stately and somewhat
severe ritual instituted by the divine Kings. The
early temples were of massive grandeur, splendid
with gold and rich with jewels, but all was chaste,
simple and grandiose. A dazzling Sun of gold
was the central object, image and symbol of the
Sun, and that, in turn, but the symbol, the
celestial

radiant garment, of the Lord of Light and Love,

the Ruler of the solar system, in which He veiled

His Presence of light ineffable. The worship was

in sonorous chants and stately mazes of rhythmic
dance, with flower-garlands and rolling clouds of

fragrant incense, splendid and gorgeous indeed, but

yet of chaste simplicity and stateliness. In
connexion with the Golden Temple in the capital

city was the White Hall, or Cave, of Initiation,

wherein the disciples of the Dragons of Wisdom
received the holy chrism, wherein shone the Star
of Initiation over the head of the Hierophant,
wherein from time to time appeared the radiant
forms of the Sons of the Fire. This it was which
 [ 136 ]

gave to the Temple its supreme sanctity, and made

it the focus of spiritual power. To it turned the
hearts of the people ; round it ever shone the halo
of their devotion was the visible symbol of the
; it

protecting care of the Dragons of Wisdom.

Well did the ambitious Asuras know that so
long as the Golden Temple and the White Hall
remained the cynosure of all eyes, the acknow-
ledged heart of the Toltec Empire, the hearts of
the people would still turn thither. Hence they
determined to create a new capital, and to set up
a rival Emperor — his name is recorded as Thevatat
— building within his palace a new temple and a
new hall of initiation. To give to this new centre
the sanction of the super- physical, they called to
their aid the powerful Elementals of the lower as-
tral world, to appear in their midst at high festivals
and receive, clad in dazzling guise, the offerings
and adoration of the people ; after a while, to bind
these dread beings more closely to their service,
they began to offer to them sacrifices of slain ani-
mals, and, on great festivals, even of slain men ;

then, in connexion with these, began licentious

practices, cruelty and lust having natural affinities,

until orgies of the vilest kinds filled the nights

which followed days spent in spectacular combats
and bloody sacrifices.

The next downward step was taken when the

 r 137 ]

chiefs of the
Asuras proclaimed themselves as ob-
jects of divme worship " We are the
:
Kings we ;

are the Gods," and, carving huge figures

of them-
selves, they set these up in the
temples as objects
of worship, and the creative power of
man, reflex-
ion of the divine, was substituted for
that spiritual
energy of which was the physical correspondence;
it

thus phallicism arose, surrounded by

all its at-
tendant abominations.
The great super-physical powers of the Asuras,
now become Magicians of the darkest and
most
terrible type,
imposed a reign of terror over the
portion of the earth they swayed.
The blackest
practices of magic were resorted to, to
and
terrorise
to crush. Aided by the half-animal women of the
narrow-headed of the third Race, and by
magical
processes of unspeakable loathsomeness,
they pro-
duced powerful monsters, with the strength
of the
brute and the cunning of the savage, and
ensouled
these gruesome forms with the worst
types of ele-
mentals. These became their guards and their
messengers, the terrible symbols of their
power, and
the Lords of the Dark Face rose to
the height
of power, embodied ahamkdra, veritable
Kings of
Darkness.
Thus were all the forces of matter rallied round
a single centre, while on the other side
the White
Emperor strengthened his forces to resist. In the
 [ 138 ]

higher spheres, preparations for the future were

going on. Among the Sons of Light, several
reached the supreme illumination, becoming Bud-
dhas, a vast reserve of spiritual strength, ready for
the uplifting of the world, after its plunge into
matter. Two hundred thousand years had still

to run their course before the great struggle, when

the Dragons of Wisdom bade one of their number^
Vaivasvata, choose out of the turbulent fifth sub-race,
the Semitic, the seeds of the fifth Root Race, and
lead them to the Imperishable Sacred Land, the
cradle, as before said, of every Root Race. One
million years have rolled away since the seeds of
the fifth Race were thus separated out from the
fourth. To that impregnable fortress were led
successive emigrations of the Elect Race, to be
guarded in safety though the coming tumults, far
away from the scenes of strife. In that peaceful
sunny land we may see Vaivasvta, presiding over
His disciples and the infant, nay, embryonic RacCo
There is the future Zarathushtra, the future Hermes,
the future Orpheus, the future Gautama, the future
Maitreya, with many another, watching over the
growing seed. But we must turn away from that
peaceful scene to the turmoil of the struggling
fourth.
The armies of the Lords of the Dark Face
now began to advance northwards, and a long
 [ 139 ]

scries of combats opened between these and the

armies of the white Emperor. Now the dark,
and now the white forces conquered, but the tide
of victory set, none the less, northwards ; for
the cycle was against the triumph of Spirit, it

was the time for the triumph of Matter. From

every side flocked hosts to the banners of the
Dark Lords, for they appealed to the passions of
the animal side of man ; fierce hatred arose
against the clean-living followers of the Good
Law, the hatred ever felt by the luxurious for the
" pale ascetic," the hatred of the unclean for
those whose purity is a silent rebuke to them-
selves. Slowly, with ebb and flow, the tide rolled
onwards ; fierce combats, vast slaughters, took
place, but surely the dark forces won their way.
At last White Emperor was driven from his
the
capital, and the City of the Golden Gates, where
divine Kings had ruled, sweetened by the feet
of the Holy Ones, became the prey of the Lords
of the Dark Face, and the Dark Emperor, the
famous Hirany^k^ha, was enthroned on the seat
whence the Good Law had been proclaimed.
The Cave of Initiation was found to be a heap of
ruins, the great entrance pillars rent in twain,
and the roof shivered into fragments ; but in
the Golden Temple, where a divine Priesthood
had ministered, the blood of guiltless animals
 [ 140 ]

flowed in polluting streams, and the great

statues of the dark magicians frowned where the
Disk of the Sun had shone.
At last the cup of evil was full. Some 50,000
years had passed since the pollution of the
Golden Temple sorcery had spread in all direc-
;

tions, and the lowest stage of materiality had

been reached. It was time that the earth should
be relieved from the weight of cruelty, lust and
oppression under which she was sinking.
The Dragons of Wisdom saw that the time
was come, and that the forces of nature must be
turned against " the dark brood of sorcerers."
From Shambhallah the word went forth, the signal
for the overwhelming of the land, polluted
beyond cleansing, and for the saving of any who
would obey the summons to leave the doomed land.
The Commentary tells the story :
" And the
'great King of the Dazzling Face,' the chief of
all the yellow-faced, was sad, seeing the sins of
the black-faced. He sent his air-vehicles to all

his brother-chiefs, with pious men within, saying :

'
Prepare. Arise, ye men of the Good Law,
and cross the land while dry. The Lords of the
Storm are approaching. Their chariots are nearing
the land. One night and two days only shall

the Lords of the Dark Face live on this patient

land. She is doomed, and they have to descend
 [ 141 ]

with her. The nether Lords of the Fires are

preparing their magic fire-weapons.
But the
Lords of the Dark Eye are
stronger than they
and they are the slaves
of the mighty ones!
ihey are versed in weapons.
Come and use
yours. Let every Lord of the
Dazzling Face
cause the air-vehicle of
every Lord of the Dark
Face to come into his hands,
lest any should, by
Its means, escape
from the waters, avoid the
rod
of the Four, and save
his wicked one. May
every Yellow Face send sleep from
himself to
every Black Face. May even they avoid pain and
May every man true
suffering.
to the Solar
Gods bmd every man under
the Lunar Gods
lest he should suffer, or
escape his destiny And
may every Yellow Face offer
of his life-water
to the speaking animal
of a Black Face lest
he
awaken_ his master. The hour has struck, the
backmght ready.. Let their
is
destiny be accom-
p .shed Weare the servants of
the great Four.
May the Kmgs of Light return
'...Stars showered
on the lands of the Black
Faces, but they slept.
The speaking beasts kept quiet. The nether
Lords waited for orders, but they came not. for
the.r masters slept.waters The
arose, and
covered the valleys
from one end of the
earth
to the other. High lands remained, the
bottom
of the earth remained
dry. There dwelt those
 "

[ H2 ]

who escaped ; the men of the Yellow Faces and

of the straight eye. When the Lords of the
Dark Faces awoke and bethought themselves of
their air-vehicles in order to escape from the
rising waters, they found them gone." ^

Such is a fragment of the story as told in the

Commentary. The "speaking animals" are the
monsters before mentioned, and the " life-water
is blood ; the " men of the Good Law " escaped
from the impending disaster, and then the storm
broke. Furious blasts of air lifted the ocean bil-

lows into mountain-heights, underground convul-

sions hurled vast tidal waves on the rocking lands,
deluges of rain swamped the valleys, and turned
the rivers into cataracts, hills, riven by earth-
quakes, were flinig high in air, and fell in
avalanches of fragments on the vales beneath ;

the earth itself seemed to .shiver under the im-

pacts of whirling waters and rushing rivers, the
deafening roar of waters mingled with the cries
of drowning men, the howls of drowning animals,
and the glory of Atlantis sunk beneath the waters,
leaving memories of a deluge that crept into the
literature of nations, giving rise to many a legend
and song in later years.

Thus was the earth relieved of her burden,

and the Bbck Art received a blow from which it

1 Coranientavv. Stu^/'ct Doctrine, ii, 445. 446.

 [ 143 ]

has never recovered. And the Asuras themselves

received a lesson which wrought their redemption,
and sent them onwards in evolution on a sure
ascent.
The fourth sub-race, the Turanian, need not
delay us ;
they were pre-eminently the Rakshasas,
giants of a brutal and ferocious type, and their
conflicts with the young fifth Race find
much
place in Indian story. From the fifth sub-race,
the Semitic, as we have seen, came the seeds of
the Race they were a turbulent, fighting,
fifth ;

people, and a branch of one of their

families,
selected by Vaivasvata Manu as the seed
of the
fifth Race, and rejected again because
of its lack
of plasticity, is the far-off ancestor of the Jewish
people.

The sixth sub- race, the Akkadian, was born

after the catastrophe that destroyed two-thirds
of
the Toltec race— one third
north and going
laterblending with the evolving fifth Race. The
Pelasgians came from these, with some admixture
of seventh sub-race blood. The Etruscans and
Carthaginians derived from the same root, whence
also the Scythians.

The seventh sub-race, the

Mongolian, develo-
ped from the Turanian, the fourth sub-race,
stock,
and from this have descended the inland
Chinese—
not those of the coasts— the
Malays, Tibetans,
 [ 144 ]

Hungarians, Finns, and Esquimaux

some of ;

their offshoots mixed with the Toltecs fn North

America, and thus the Red Indians have in them
some Mongolian blood. The Japanese are one
of their latest off-shoots. Many of this sub-race
travelled westwards, settling down in Asia
Minor, Greece, and adjoining countries ; there,
improved by intermixture of fifth Race blood,
from the second sub-race of the fifth, they gave
rise to the old Greeks and the Phoenicians.

After the disappearance of Poseidonis, the dete-

rioration of the scattered Atlantean tribes was rapid,

though the Atlanteans in the east of Asia held their

own. The Polynesians, Samoans and Tongas are
surviving relics. Some of the tribes even sank so
low as to intermarry with the hybrid creatures that
sprang from the sin of the mindless. Others inter-
married with the degraded remnants of the seventh
Lemurian sub-race, and the Veddahs of Ceylon are
the descendants from such unions, as are the hairy
men of Borneo, the Andaman Islanders, Bushmen,
and some Australian aborigines. The majority of
the inhabitants of the earth are still fourth Race
people, but the only ones that seem to have a fu-

ture are the Japanese, and perhaps the Chinese.

Let us go northward now, northward to the

Sacred Land, and see our Manu, the holy Vaivas-
vata, evolving, with infinite patience, His chosen
 [ H5 ]

Race. For ages upon ages He labours there, He

and His band of co-workers, shaping the nucleus
of the future humanity, repressing the undesirable,
stimulating the desirable encouraging^ warning,
persuading, rebuking. There the fifth sense is ad-
ded to the other four, and man is shaped as we
know him now. Thither He guides for re-birth the
great Asuras, to turn their powers to nobler ends.
Thither He calls the brightest intelligences, the
purest characters, to take re-birth in the forms He
is evolving. And there they dwell under the Pole-
Star, far away from the tumults of earth, slowly
shaping into a new and finer type.

Meanwhile the surface of the globe is under-

going manifold changes of land and sea. The new
continent Krauncha, the Europe, Asia, Africa,
America, Australia, of our own age is not yet born;
with many throes one portion after another is up-
heaved, and others are submerged, until the great
convulsion of 200,000 years ago left Poseidonis
alone in mid-Atlantic, and the outlines of the great
continents much as they are to-day. This fifth
"continent" — meaning by this word all the land-
surface prepared for a Root Race
in the — will,
course of ages, perish by earthquakes and by vol-
canic fires, much as Lemuria perished in the elder
days. For fire and water destroy the world in
10
 [ 146 I

turns, and our world will perish by fire, as did Le-

muria.
Uuder Buddha — Mercury — was the fifth Race
evolved, for the development of the mind was its.

chief work, and the planet of knowledge shed its

beneficent rays upon its birth-hour. Hence, in

paurclnic story Buddha said to be the son of

is

—
Indu Indu, the Moon, being the Lord of the fourth
Race, the progenitor, and Buddha of the fifth Race,
the progeny.
When the Manu had established the type of
His Race, He led them southward to Central Asia,,

and there another age-long halt was made, and the

home of the Race, whence its several streams should
issue, was established.
Then came the first great emigration, perhaps
some 850,000 years ago ; the first sub-race — often
specifically called the Aryan, though the name
applies to the whole fifth Race — was led south-
wards, across the mighty belt of the Himalayas,
and settled in northern India, in Ary^varta. At
its head were the " seven Ri§hi<J," Marichi, Atri,
Pulastya, Pulaha (? Kavi) Angiras (? Kratu, Kar-
dama), and Daksha — the names vary in different
list? —who had long been guiding their evolution.
In Manusmyiti we find them given as above, save
that Daksha is called Prachetas. With these were
three others, making up the " ten Ri§his," Vashi-
 [ 147 ]

?htha, Bhrigu and N^rada. These led the sub-race

into India, already built into the fourfold order by

the Manu, the Barhi§had Pitfis — as we saw, in

studying physical evolution — having lent their aid

in the shaping of the type of subtle body for each

caste. We have not time to trace the long history
of this great sub-race moreover it is, more or less,
;

known to all of you. Under its divine Kings, it

warred against the peoples occupying the lands into

which it came, Titans left from the third Race,
Daityas and Rak§hasas of the fourth. Who does
not known theR^machandra, warring
story of
against the R^k^hasas under their mighty King,
Ravana, and establishing His kingdom from the
Himalayas to the southern sea? It must suffice us

to recall that these Aryans received the Zodiac

directly from the Sons of will and yoga, who came
among them as Teachers we are told of " The —
Serpents who re-descended, who made peace with
the fifth, who taught and instructed it/'^— that they
had brought with them from Central Asia the Sen-
zar language, the " secret sacerdotal tongue," the
true "language of the Gods," from which Sams-
krit was derived, still the mystery tongue " of *'

Initiates, that among them arose the twenty-four

Buddhas, still reverenced among the Jains as the
twenty-four Tirthamkaras.
1 Stanzas. Secret Doctrine, ii. 21.
 [ 148 ]

The second sub-race, of the fifth Race, the

Aryo-Semitic, migrated westwards from Central
Asia, peopling Afghanistan, passing along the
Oxus, and crossing the Euphrates into Arabia
and Syria ; these ^ryanised many of the Turanian
and Akkadian tribes, dwelling along this route, and
the great Empires of Assyria and Babylonia arose
as the result of their impulse. The Phoenicians and
the later Egyptians, and the old Greeks, arose from-
their intermixture with the seventh Atlantean sub-
race, as has been already mentioned. " The last

seven dynasties referred to in the Egyptian and

Chaldean records," says H. P. B., belonged to the
fifth Race.i Some off-shoots of this Race tra-

velled eastwards, and mingling with the Mongolian

sub-race along the coasts of China, gave rise to the
Chinese of the coasts, and also to the family which
now sits on the Dragon Throne of China.
The third sub-race, the Iranian, led by Zara-
thushtra, went forth northwards and eastwards,
following in the track of the second, but settling
down for the most part in Afghanistan and Persia,
the great Prophet dwelling in this latter country.
Some wandered as far as Arabia and thence into
Egypt, intermarrying there with the Egyptian At-
lanteans.
Both these sub-races found the fourth Race
1 Secret Doctrine, ii. 447.
 f 149 ]

people they settled among worshippers of Sftrya,

the Sun, the priests bearing the name of Magas.
These Magas claimed to have come from Sh^ku-
dvipa, or Shvetadvipa, the White and the
Island,
claim was true enough, as regards their remote
origin, for all true teaching was derived from the
Dwellers in that Holy Land, whether the name
be used for the Imperishable Sacred Land, or, by
Holy City, Shamballah, in the
substitution, for the
Gobi Desert. Taught by the Instructors of the
second sub-race, these Empires followed Saboean-
ism, the worship of the Beings who rule the celes-
tial bodies, the " Star-Angels," and the Chaldean
worship rose to a splendid height of wisdom and
purity, the Magi of Chaldea being astronomers and
astrologers, versed profoundly in the science of the
celestial bodies, and guiding the State by advice
based on a study of the stars.

The third sub-race, under its Instructors, headed

by the first zarathushtra — whose name descended
to Teacher after Teacher, to the number of fourteen
— was forbidden the worship of the Star-Angels,
in consequence of the abuses which had arisen in

connexion with it, and was given Fire as the sole

permissible symbol of Deity. The wise men of
Persia, often also called Magi, were followers more
of chemistry than of astronomy, partly in conse-
quence of its value in agriculture, to which the
 [ 150 ]

Iranian sub-race was specially devoted. This led

development among them of alchemy,
to a greaf
and many traces may be found in Egypt of their
influence in this direction.
The fourth sub-race, the Keltic, led by Orpheus
migrated westwards, beyond the track of its fore-

runners, first peopling Greece with the later Greeks,

and then spreading over Italy, northwards over
France, still more northwards into the old Atlantean
lands of Ireland and Scotland, and peopling also
the younger land of England. It is interesting to
notice how the familiar symbology of the Dragon
and the Serpent, as names for high Initiates, ap-
pears among all these closely related peoples. The
Hierophants of Babylon and of Egypt, the Druids,
the Phoenicians, are all sons of the Dragon, or Ser-
pents. The symbol came down from Atlantis, even
from Lemuria, and has ever been preserved, down
to the fifth Race ; and in Mexico, and scattered
over America, it recurs, one of the universal sym-
bols, belonging to the early Teachers of humani-
ty.

The fifth sub-race, the Tentonic, also migrating

westwards, occupied all Central Europe, and is now
spreading over the world : it has occupied the
greater part of North America, driving before it

the old Atlantean stock ; it has seized Australia

and New Zealand, the remnants of still more anci-
 [ 151 ]

ent Lemuria, and the poor relics of that

dying Race
rearing its proud
are vanishing before it. High is it
to
head over the countries of the globe, destined
build a world-wide Empire, and to sway
the desti-

nies of civilisation.

too shall pass away, as the ages roll

on
Yet it

course, and Krauncha shall follow

Plak?ha,
their
Sh^lmali and Kusha. Then shall Sh^ka rise to be

the continent of the Root Race, emerging

sixth

where North America now is, most of that land

having been previously broken up by earthquakes
and subterranean fires. Sh^ka shall also pass away,
whelmed under floods, as was Kusha, and Push-
kara, the seventh continent, shall emerge
and
flourish, its centre about where South America is
now to be found. And then will come the end of
our globe, the close of its long and eventful history,
and it will sink peacefully to sleep, after its long

day of waking. For worlds pass away, and Round

succeeds Round, and Chain follows Chain, but the
eternal Spirit, which now clothes himself in
human
bodies, he, he alone, remains, and he endureth for
ever.

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