Innovative Extension Table for Radial Arm

Machine
A Thesis
Presented To:
The College of Technology
Cebu Technological University Main-Campus
R. Palma St., Cebu City
2nd Semester2020-2021

Presented by:

Razo, Jineziel D.
Gabutero, Jocelyn
Landiza,Floramae

Nomio,Josephine M.
Villona,Adrian
Aton,Jarive R.

Group3

BITFCM3-4-E
 APPROVALSHEET
This thes is entitled“ Innovative Extension Table Radial Arm Machine” is
prepared and submitted by Razo Jineziel, Gabutero Jocelyn, Landiza. Floramae,
Nomio Josephine, Villona Adrian, Aton Jarive in partial fulfilment of the
requirements of the degree, Bachelor of Science in Industrial Technology Major
in Furniture and Cabinet Making, has been examined and recommended for Oral
Examination.

THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE

JULIUS ANDREW SAGRADO, MTE

Chair,GraphicsandDesign,Civil,IDT&FCMDepartment

REBECCA. MIRABALLES CONCORDIO T.COLIAO,PH.D.

Adviser Professor/Member

ERNYLONREJAS,PH.D. NOLASCO K. MALABAGO, Ph.D.

Professor/Member Dean, COT

Approval by committee on Oral Examination with the grade______.

JULIUS ANDREW SAGRADO,MTE

Chair, Graphics and Design, Civil, IDT & FCM Department

REBECCA MIRABALLES CONCORDIO T.COLIAO, PH.D

Adviser Professor/Member

ERNYLONREJAS, PH.D. NOLASCO K. MALABAGO, Ph.D.

Professor/Member Dean, COT

Approval by committee on Oral Examination with the grade______.

Accepted and Approved in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the

degree of Bachelor of Industrial Technology major in Furniture and Cabinet
Making.
OralExamination:_____

ABSTRACT

Title: Innovative Extension Table for Radial Arm Machine

Researcher:

Razo, Jineziel D.

Gabutero, Jocelyn

Landiza, Floramae

Nomio, Josephine M.

Villona, Adrian

Aton, Jarive R.

Degree: Bachelor of Industrial Technology major in Furniture and Cabinet Making

Adviser: Ms. Rebecca Meraballes

Institution: Cebu Technological University

Year Completed: Second Semester A.Y. 2020 - 2021

Pages: 36

The study will give deeper understanding and importance of radial arm

innovation and the results will help students, and teachers to have a better idea

of innovation.

The purpose of this study is to determine the validity and acceptability of

the innovative extension table of radial arm to the end user in terms of

functionality, quality, usability, ergonomics and safety.

 Based on our findings the result of our study is that our new design for the

machine was being accepted to the people.proposal. On our statistical data in

the safety in terms of percentage,Comport zone the highest percentage is 85%,

acceptable in hazard free the highest percentage is75%,and the statistical mean

of the comport zone using the machine is4.8, acceptable in hazard free4.7 and

the average mean is 4.7 which means that the proposed innovative extension

table for radial arm is highly acceptable.

The statistical data in the functionality has a percentage in terms of Load

Capacity 60%,Space Utilization 60% and the average mean is 4.4 which means

acceptable. In quality the statistical data in Workmanship in terms of percentage

is 55%, Aesthetic, 50% and the average mean is 4.3 which means acceptable.

The statistical data in usability in terms of percentage, Easy to used and operate

is 50%, Could be used in a long term is also 50 % and the average mean of

usability is 4.4 which means acceptable. In ergonomics in terms of percentage,

Foldable style for inconvenience is 55% and the average mean of ergonomics is

4.4 which means acceptable. Thus the researcher decided to propose a

Innovative Extension Table for Radial Arm based on the results mentioned

above.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To Jesus Christ our Lord and Savior, for giving the wisdom, strength, support and

knowledge, in exploring things, for the guidance in helping surpass all the trials

that we encountered and for giving determination to pursue our study, and to

make this study possible.

The researchers would like to extend their deepest sincerest gratitude to all

people who helped there in any manner, who have shared the effort and

knowledge in order to make this research reality.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our thesis adviser, Professor

Rebecca Meraballes, for the continuous support to our study and research, for

her patience, motivation, enthusiasm and immense knowledge. Her guidance

help us all the time of research and writing of this thesis. We could not have

imagined having a better adviser and mentor for our research study.

To the researchers loving parents, for their moral encouragement, financial

assistance as well as their spiritual support in every path the researchers take.
 DEDICATION

We dedicated this study to the future

Furniture Students and to let them
have a background in innovating a
machine.

Within this study they will surely

know what they will create in there
near future.
 TABLEOFCONTENTS

TITLEPAGE .............................................................i

APPROVALSHEET .............................................................ii

ABSTRACT ............................................................ iii-iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................. v

DEDICATION ...............................................................vi

TABLEOFCONTENTS .............................................................. vii–xi

CHAPTER1

The Problem and its Scope

Rationale of the Study ....................................................1

Related Literature of Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

Theoretical Background ................................................10 -11

Theoretical Framework .............................................. 12

Figure1.1 ............................................. 12

The Problem ................................................13

Statement of the Problem .................................................13

Significance of the Study ..................................................14

Respondents .................................................15

Table1 ..................................................15

Scope and Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …... 16

Statistical Treatment of Data .....................................................17

Scoring Procedure ...................................................18

Table2 ....................................................18
 Table3 ............................................... 19

Table 4 ....................... 20

Table 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Table 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Research Methodology ..................................................23

Environment .................................................24

CHAPTER2

PRESENTATION,ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Design ................................................. 25

Figure 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . ………………….. 25

Figure 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . ……………. . . . . . 25

Bill of Materials …………… . . . . …. . . . . . . . . 26

Table 7 .....…………………. . . . . . . . . . 26

Product Specification . ……………... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Tools and its Function . ……………… . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Table 8 . . ………………. . . . . . . . . . . . .27

The proposed of Innovative . . . . . . . . . . ………………… . . .28

Extension Table for Radial
Arm

Definitions of Terms . . . . . ……………… . . . . . . . . . 29

Acceptability in terms of . . . ……………….. . . . . . . . . . . 30

Functionality

Table 9 . . . . . . . . ……………. . . . . . 30

Acceptability in terms of ......................................... 31

 Quality

Table 10 . . . …….. . . . . . . . ….. . . . 31

Acceptability in terms of .......................................... 32

Usability

Table 11 . . . . . . . …………. . . . . . . . 32

Acceptability in terms of ............................................ 33

Ergonomics

Table 12 . . . . . ………… . . . . . . . . . . 33

Acceptability in terms of ............................................ 34

Safety

Table 13 . . . . . . . . …………. . . . . . . . 35

CHAPTER3

SUMMARY,FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

SUMMARY .....................................................36

FINDINGS .....................................................36

CONCLUSION ....................................................37

RECOMMENDATION .....................................................38

CHAPTER4

OUTPUTOFTHESTUDY

Rationale ................................................ 39

Objective ................................................... 40

Output of the Proposed ................................................... 41

Innovative Extension Table for
Radial Arm Machine

Figure1.4 ...................................................... 42

Figure1.5 ................................................... 43
 Figure1.6 .....................................................44

Figure1.7 ......................................................45

Figure 1.8 .......................................................46

Figure 1.9 ......................................................47

BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................. 48 - 51

APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Appendix A ................................................... 53

Appendix B .................................................54 - 56

Curriculum Vitae ............................................. 57 - 60

Chapter 1
 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Rationale of the Study

Historically, machine tools were purely mechanical and considerably

simple that has clearly changed, nowadays, customer demands for greater

performances and customization are also forcing manufacturers to use a wide

variety of solutions to fulfil these more complex requirements.

With the aim at boost of rapid innovation, This is some of the reason we

researchers conducted a study of a design innovations of the machine that

would enable to make the work easier and faster through the use of high end

tools and materials. The researchers proposed Innovative Extension Table for

Radial Arm Machine. Thus, this study will give deeper understanding and

importance of radial arm innovation. The result will help students and teachers to

have an idea in innovating a machine.

Related Literature Review

People have used wood to construct shelters, furniture and items since almost

the beginning of the human race. Wood has been used by every civilization in the

world, and it is still used today to make paper, furniture, buildings and a huge

variety of everything else. Woodworking was considered to be not only time

consuming but expensive to have done. As the industrial evolution is started, the

machines are developed to perform the varies operation like cutting, planning

forming and etc. The continuous innovation on the woodworking machine is

going to make work easily.

Wood industries offer many career opportunities for people with different

kinds of interests, aptitudes, abilities, personalities and education. The skills

needed range from planting, protecting and cultivating forests to manufacturing

and building homes, furniture and thousands of other wood products. Feirer

(1984) stated that the importance of woodworking in the economy is increasing.

The idea of preparing for the woodworking industry is not adequately presented

in many schools. Feirer (1989) noted that in woodworking most of the job

opportunities are in the career cluster of natural resources, constructions and

manufacturing.

Many industrial machinery manufactures find themselves facing an

increasing number of new requirements, such as the demand for more flexible

machine tool designs that can be rapidly adapted to the new products as well as

for machines that can be easily integrated into existing plans. In addition,

increasing global competition, market demands and regulatory mandates require

industrial machinery companies who serve multiple industries to continuously

innovate and optimize the products.( Dimic and Pavlovic 2016). The market not

only expects maximum uptime on a day to day basis but also to remain

productive for years. In addition, there's now the challenge of manufacturing with

decentralized machines that communicate with one another and the products

that manufacture to the production can be optimized ( Sienes, 2016).

The realization of machine tool and in particular of machine centers with

high performance made required in recent times to enable a strong increase in

productivity and a consequent decrease in the product piece costs. According to

Monno and Mossi ( 2007) the available strategies to make possible an

increasing productivity are essentially two. The first is a sharp increase of speed

in material removal made possible by the appearance on the market of cutting

tools made by high performance materials. As a consequence, machine tools

require a structure capable of withstanding the elevated dynamic stress that

working conditions carry on. The design solutions are characterized by high

stiffness and large ability to dampen vibrations. The vibrations of the machine

tools structure are among the other causes that restrict high speed operation or

degrade the cutting precision.( Slocum, 2006).

The second strategy is the reduction of the so-called “ air cutting time”.

This dead time represents the period in which the tool is not in contact with the

workpiece since required to bring the machine tool in the working position and

with the correct tool. According to ( Shu et al… 2004) to reduce the air cutting

time it is essentially necessary to design very fast machines. Obtaining high

speed on very small distances usually few meters is possible if the mobile parts
of the machine can move under very high acceleration. The design solution aims

at obtaining such high acceleration without penalizing other aspects.

The position accuracy is feasible only by using machine tools with moving

parts characterized by high stiffness and low mass. One of the primary reasons

for low productivity is the large mass of the moving parts of machine tools, which

cannot afford the high acceleration and deceleration encountered during

operation. A historical technical study estimated that a proper design solution

reduces the weight of the vertical and horizontal siles by 34% and 26%

respectively and increases damping by 1.5-5.7 times without sacrificing the

stiffness. (Tobias, 1965).

Ratnasingan ( 2000) asserts that the machinery process is the most

important value addition operation in furniture production, as it converts the raw

material into a profiles component that is eventually assembled into the final

finished product. The effectiveness of the gluing and finishing operations is also

dependent on the quality of the machinery process. Furthermore, the machine

process also influences the structural rigidity of the furniture as purely machined

components cannot be jointed and fasted tightly. It is for this reason that

machinery processes, especially through the use of automated machinery, have

often attracted a lot of research internet.

Ratnasingan (2005) has further revealed several salient reasons that

have contributed to the slow development of indigenous woodworking machinery

technology namely (i) the lack of a competitive tool die and foundry industry; (ii)
the lack of metallurgist or trained professionals in the fields; (iii) the lack of a

variable machine technology that is capable of supplying parts and components

for the machinery industry and (iv) the lack of skilled workforce to support the

industry. However, most of the machinery purchase is special function machinery

which aims at reducing the labour content in the manufacturing outfit, with the

ultimate aim of reducing manufacturing cost or unit cost. The industry is to be

expected as the industry is labour intensive in nature, and there is increasing

reliance on foreign contracts within the industry, ( Ratnasingan, 2005).

Furniture industries are currently the largest low-tech sector globally.

The pattern of innovative activities in the furniture industry is consistently

between entrepreneurs and new firms. Literature on empirical studies on

furniture industry in both developed and developing countries shows that most of

the innovation studies on the industry are framed on the realms of spatial

agglomeration cluster. According to Malerba and Orsenigo ( 1997) the difference

in the structure of innovative activities may be related to a fundamental

distinction. The pattern of innovation activity according to Schumpeter Mark is

characterized by creative destruction with technological ease of entry and a

major role played by entrepreneurs and new firms in innovative activities is

characterized ‘creative accumulation’ with the prevalence of large established

firms and the presence of relevant barriers to entry for new innovators.

In Schumpeter ‘Theory of Economic Development’ innovation

stimulates new innovations constituting clusters of innovation; open new

profitable opportunities, obtain profit and growth in the economy and finally result
with an enhancement in the standard of life. Schumpeter theory of innovation

suggests that innovation which is the force behind the capitalist economic

system, eventually brings the growth of the economy and the increment in the

standard of life.

Schumpeter ( 1934) classifies innovations in two major categories;

product and process innovations. Product innovation comprises the creation of a

new good which more adequately satisfies existing or previously satisfied needs.

Product innovation also includes the creation of completely new products which

provides a monopoly position to the innovator. A process innovation replaces

one production or consumption good by another, which serves the same or

approximately the same purpose but is cheaper

Rothwell and Gardiner ( 1988) describe re-designs or re-innovations as “

combining the existing with the new”. According to them, a re-design is a kind of

product innovation that initially employs largely existing technology, but opens up

a new and fast growing usage for the user. Rothwell and Gardiner ( 1988) and

Walsh et at..( 1992) approach re- designs to be more important economically and

commercially than producing the original invention or product innovation.

Cooper( 2000) examines product innovation in terms of newness of the

product in two dimensions, ‘new to the company products and new to the market

products. New to the company products activate companies to achieve process

innovation that aim cost-reduction and risk minimization. A new market product is

the first of its kind on the market which closely refers to an innovation with
successful market implementation. Cooper( 2000) identifies six categories of

newness in product innovations, ( 1) new to the world products that are first of

their kind and that create an entirely new market, (2) new products lines, that are

not new to the marketplace, but are quite new to to the company,(3) additions to

existing product lines that are new items to the company, (4) improvements and

revisions to existing products that are replacement of existing products in a

company product line with improvement in performance and perceive value, (5)

repositioning that are new application for existing products and retargeting of old

products to new market segments of for different applications and (6) cost

reductions that re new product design to replace existing products in the line with

similar performance and value but lower cost which also involve significant

process innovation in connection with ‘creativity’. Innovation is the end result of a

creative activity within the framework they define creativity as a process of

developing and expressing novel ideas that are likely to be useful. Such definition

emphasized not only the new novel and unusual , but also useful characteristics

of the creative activity which leads to the potential for utility. From the

perspective the end result of the creative process innovation is the embodiment,

combination and or synthesis of knowledge in novel,relevant, valued new

products, process or services. ( Leonard and Swap, 1944).

In the everyday language innovation is recognized as a synonym for

invention which means a new device or process created by study and

experimentation ( WorldNet, 1997, 1997) known to be used etymologically well

after the term invention according to the product development management

association, the act of innovation, inclusd invention as well as the work required

to bring an idea or concept into final form. ( Rosehau,1996). According to Tedd et

al..( 2001), innovation is more than simply coming up with good ideas, it is the

process of growing them into practical use. The expose invention was only the

first step in a long process of bringing a good idea to widespread and effective

use. ( Tidd et al…2001).

The Philippine Furniture Industry was able to remain competitive through

various factors. Product innovation has helped the industry survive in spite of the

process of globalization. The Philippine Furniture Industry aims to be one of the

most labor intensive and artistic industries in the country. Furniture companies

tap the hardworking, creative and enterprising qualities of Filipinos in

manufacturing high quality furniture due to the Philippines is known as the “Milan

of Asia”.

The creativity and industry of the Filipino is the cornerstone of the

longstanding success of the Philippine Furniture Industry .This gives agility and

flexibility to produce furniture according to the need and tastes of buyers. The

industry is capable of mass production, many companies specialize in producing

customers. Specific Furniture item, which has higher value and durability.

Various government and private training facilities enhance the natural talent of

Filipinos for art and design. Skilled workers and designs widely practiced

apprenticeship ensuring that the business and artistic expertise of are well

preserved and enhanced throughout the years.

 The Cebu Furniture cluster in Philippines provides employment to many

people with sophisticated skills but limited formal education. The majority of the

workers learned the skills and the development of tasks. The opportunity to

accumulate knowledge is limited in such a low technology position. ( Beerepoot,

2004a, 2004b).

Raymond E. Dewalt (1922) invented the radial arm saw, his company,

DeWalt, produced the original model Wonder Worker for several years. DeWalt

was always looking for ways to cut costs, make jobs easier and be more

efficient. His solution included creating machines to help with the work. This

ingenuity he became the supervisor of a woodworking mill that produced a bit of

everyday from boxes to houses. The company workload is increasing so DeWalt

finds ways to make his staff more productive. He began designing more devices

and machines. One of these machines is the world's first radial arm saw, a

design known as the ‘Wonder Worker”.

Woodworking is the most lasting and also the most satisfying all

pastimes. The fact can be borne out by the ever increasing popularity of the

hobby. One of the most powerful appeals of wood to all workers is the ease with

which it can be fashioned into useful products. It can be cut into any desired form

and shaped, drilled designs or sanded the fact that it can work with a variety of

woodworking tools.

Wood is very flexible in application and it can be used in many different

ways to produce many different items. Over 6,000 known uses of wood, ranging
from a toothpick to a structural member in an industrial building. The flexibility of

wood and its ease of working led to the development of versatile tools of many

different designs and types, each of which enjoy one or more features to satisfy

a specific need. In selecting a power tool the determining factor is not much the

many jobs it can do but primarily the enduses that will fit the particular need. The

tool that meets the requirement is extremely versatile, is the radial arm machine.

Theoretical Background

Innovative Extension Table for Radial Arm is concerned especially in cutting

wood inside a machine shop. In addition, an innovative extension table is

designed to support the work piece symmetrically, either across the entire width
of the work piece or along its longitudinal center line. Such symmetrical work

pieces place further constraints on the design and structure of an extension

table, constraints which interfere with convenient mounting of such extension

tables on many machine tables.

The present invention is directed to an improved extension table which can easily

be mounted to almost any machine table and can readily be moved from one

machine tool to another. It is another object of this invention to provide such an

extension table which extends the plane of the machine table such that no

auxiliary straight edge is required for proper alignment of the extension table, and

which is adequately supported against deflection under load.

The invention provide such an extension table which maintains proper alignment

with the machine table as the extension table is moved laterally across the

machine table, or as the machine table is moved vertically another object of this

invention to provide a self aligning extension table which provides continuous

support to a work piece as the work piece slides on the extension table. The

method of this invention, an extension table is first mounted by using a hinge to

the machine table to align the ledge with the machine table automatically. Then a

leg is secured to the beam to maintain this alignment under load. In this way the

advantages of the leg are obtained without requiring an auxiliary straightedge for

alignment of the extension table the radial arm machine.

Theoretical Framework:

Figure 1.1
The Problem

The purpose of this study is to validate the acceptability of Innovative Table for

radial arm with the perception of the end user.

Statement of the Problem

Specifically, this study will answer to the following questions:

1. What are the technical specifications of the Innovative Table for Radial Arm as

to:

• Design

• Bills of materials

• Tools and equipment used in the fabrication of the Innovative Table

for Radial Arm

2. What is the acceptability of the Innovative Table for Radial Arm in terms of.

• Functionality

• Quality

• Usability

• Ergonomics

• Safety
Significance of the Study

This study is believed to be beneficial to the following:

Teachers – this study can be instructional for the FCM student

Student –this study will be their guide to create innovation

Community –This would render a service in producing high quality and

competitive innovation.

School – This study may enable them to be aware of the student’s ability to

produce products that would be competitive in the market.

Future Furniture Designer - This study will be their guide to create new

ideas in innovation.

Future Researcher – The output of this study will serve as a reference guide

for the future students of FCM to create research in innovation.

Respondents

The respondents are five (5), Professors and fifteen (15) random people from

the community as shown on Table 1.

Table 1

Respondents
No. of Taken as
Respondents % of Distribution
respondents Respondents
Professors 5 5 100%
Community 15 15 100%
Total 20 20 100%

Scope and Limitations

This study primarily focuses on the innovation of the radial arm machine in terms

of functionality, quality, usability, ergonomics and safety of the machine product.

Amidst of the pandemic the location of this study for the meantime is in our

respective home through online communication. The researchers utilized a made

online questionnaire through Google forms. The questionnaire was submitted to

the respondents to begin the survey. The data was tallied, gathered and treated.
Statistical Treatment of Data

The data obtained from the respondents through questionnaires and

observations were tabulated systematically in order to obtain accurate
information related to each element of the target population.

Percentage. This is used to compute the respondents responses to the

questions administered.

The formula is:

P= (F/N) x100%

Where:

P= percentage F= frequency N= number of respondents

Weighted Mean. Used to compute the contributions of each respondent’s

response to the data require.

The formula is: X=∑fw/N

Where:

X= weighted mean ∑= summation f= frequency

W= weight N= number of respondents

Scoring Procedure

The limits were established in accordance to the final response through the

computed mean. A frame of reference is served in order to determine the

parametric scale of the answer in every questionnaire.

Table 2
• Functionality:

Categorical Verbal
Scoring Weight Parametric Scale
Response Description

If the functions
and its features of
Highly Acceptable
5 4.5 – 5.0 the project are
(HA) highly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Acceptable
4 3.5 – 4.5 the project is
(A)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Less Acceptable
3 2.5 – 3.5 the project is less
(LA)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Fairly Acceptable
2 1.5 – 2.5 the project fairly
(FA)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Not Acceptable
1 1.0 – 1.5 the project is not
(NA)
acceptable within
the person.
 Table 3
B. Quality:

Categorical Verbal
Scoring Weight Parametric Scale
Response Description

If the functions
and its features of
Highly Acceptable
5 4.5 – 5.0 the project are
(HA) highly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Acceptable
4 3.5 – 4.5 the project is
(A)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Less Acceptable
3 2.5 – 3.5 the project is less
(LA)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Fairly Acceptable
2 1.5 – 2.5 the project is fairly
(FA)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Not Acceptable
1 1.0 – 1.5 the project is not
(NA)
acceptable within
the person.
 Table 4

C. Usability:

Categorical Verbal
Scoring Weight Parametric Scale
Response Description

If the functions
and its features of
Highly Acceptable
5 4.5 – 5.0 the project are
(HA) highly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Acceptable
4 3.5 – 4.5 the project is
(A)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
Less and its features of
3 2.5 – 3.5 Acceptable the project is less
(LA) acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Fairly Acceptable
2 1.5 – 2.5 the project are
(FA)
fairly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Not Acceptable
1 1.0 – 1.5 the project is not
(NA)
acceptable within
the person.
 Table 5

D. Ergonomics:

Categorical Verbal
Scoring Weight Parametric Scale
Response Description

If the functions
and its features of
Highly Acceptable
5 4.5 – 5.0 the project are
(HA) highly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Acceptable
4 3.5 – 4.5 the project is
(A)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Less Acceptable
3 2.5 – 3.5 the project is less
(LA)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Fairly Acceptable
2 1.5 – 2.5 the project is fairly
(FA)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Not Acceptable
1 1.0 – 1.5 the project is not
(NA)
acceptable within
the person.
 Table 6
E. Safety:

Categorical Verbal
Scoring Weight Parametric Scale
Response Description

If the functions
and its features of
Highly Acceptable
5 4.5 – 5.0 the project are
(HA) highly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Acceptable
4 3.5 – 4.5 the project is
(A)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Less Acceptable
3 2.5 – 3.5 the project is less
(LA)
acceptable within
the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Fairly Acceptable
2 1.5 – 2.5 the project is less
(FA)
fairly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Not Acceptable
1 1.0 – 1.5 the project is not
(NA)
acceptable within
the person.
Research Methodology

This study utilized a descriptive method of research to gather facts relevant in

achieving the details in planning, designing and constructing the Innovative

Extension for Radial Arm Machine. The researcher use a online survey mode to

acquire data that uses the questionnaire as the main instrument

Environment

This study was conducted in different places from our hometown. This

study was analyzed, read and brainstormed through online communication due

to pandemic time.
 Chapter 2

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

This cchapter presents the analysis and interpretation of data gathered on

the survey questionnaires on the identified five (5) professors, and fifth teen (15)

from the community in different places from the researcher. The study aims to

determine the acceptability of the Innovative Table for Radial Arm.

Design

Figure 1.3 Standard Design of

Radial Arm Machine

Figure 1.2 Extension Table New Design.

for the Radial arm machine

Bill of Materials

Table 7

Detai
l NO. COMPONENTS UNIT QUANTITY TOTAL
 COST COST
1 Marine Plywood
( Table Top) P500.00 ½ P.500.00
850mm x 18mmx
500mm
2 Pacholina Wood P200.00 1 pc. P200.00
for ( leg)
4mm x 5mm x18
3 Piano Hinge P 1 pc. P 150.00
150.00
4 Hydraulic Hinge P 1 pc. P150.00
200.00
5 Screw P 30 P 90.00
per pc 3pc.
6 Lacquer Flo P 65.00 1 bottle P65.00
350ml
7 Sanding Sealer P 65.00 1 bottle P 65.00
350ml
9 Glue P 60.00 1 bottle P 60.00
10 Sanding Paper P20 per 2 pcs. P40.00
#100, #60 pc.
11 Lacquer thinner P 65.00 1 bottle P65.00
350ml
Total P1, 385.00

Product Specification

Size: 850mm x 500mm x 420mm

Foldability: The extension table and leg are foldable

Load Capacity: Extension Table Top is 150 kls

Finished Product: Natural wood stain

Tools and Equipment Used

Table 8

Detail NO. EQUIPMENTS AND

TOOLS NAME FUNCTIONS
1 Radial Arm Machine used for cutting
2 Table Saw used for cutting
3 Jointer Planer used to produce a flat surface of the
wood
4 Over Head Router used to precise the carving
5 C- Clamp used to hold the wood
6 Nail Gun used to nailing the parts
7 Portable Sander used for smoothing,polishing or
cleaning a surface of the wood
8 Spray Gun used to painting the wood
9 Air Compressor used to operate the spray gun

THE PROPOSED OF THE INNOVATIVE EXTENSION

TABLE FOR RADIAL ARM

The Innovative Extension Table for Radial Arm is a proposal to

determine if the people will prefer the innovation product . A proposal

to determine the effectiveness and the acceptability of the Innovative

Extension Table for Radial Arm Machine.

Definition of Terms

Innovation -is a new application of knowledge, ideas or methods which

generate new capabilities and sustainability.

Extension Table- a table that can be extended in length

Design- a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or working

before it is built or made.

Radial Arm Saw - a cutting machine use to mainly for crosscut rip cuts, bevel

and miter.

Quality- the standard of something as measured against other things of a similar

kind.

Usability- is the measure of a product potential to accomplish the goals of the

user.

The Acceptability of the Innovative Extension Table for Radial

Arm based on the Functionality

Based on our online survey of the Functionality, we have statistically tallied and

interpret data. As a result of our data, we survey from professor to random

people in a community .There are 12 people chooses of highly acceptable and 3

people chooses in acceptable, 5 people chooses less acceptable and there is

none choose the fairly acceptable and not acceptable in load capacity. In space

utilization there are 12 people chooses highly acceptable and 8 people chooses

acceptable and there are none choosing for the less acceptable, fairly acceptable

and not acceptable.

Table 9

Functionality HA A LA FA NA X VD

Load Capacity 12 3 5 0 0 4.3 A

Space Utilization 12 8 0 0 0 4.6 HA

Average Mean 4.4 A

Legends:
HA – Highly Acceptable
A – Acceptable
LA – Less Acceptable
FA – Fairly Acceptable
NA – Not Acceptable
Table 9 shows with the average mean of 4.4 for the Acceptable level as to
functionality.

The Acceptability of the Innovative Extension Table for Radial

Arm based on the Quality

Based on our online survey of Quality, we have statistically tallied and interpret

data. As a result of our data, we survey from professor to random people in a

community .There are 9 people chooses of highly acceptable and 11 people

chooses in acceptable, and only 1 person choose less acceptable and there is

none choose the fairly acceptable and not acceptable in workmanship. In

aesthetic there are 10 people chooses highly acceptable and 10 people

chooses acceptable and there are none choosing for the less acceptable, fairly

acceptable and not acceptable.

Table 10

Quality HA A LA FA NA X VD

workmanship 9 11 1 0 0 4.6 HA

Aesthetics 10 10 0 0 0 4.0 A

Average Mean 4.3 A

Legends:

HA – Highly Acceptable

A – Acceptable

LA – Less Acceptable

FA – Fairly Acceptable

NA – Not Acceptable

Table 10 shows with an average of 4.3 for the Acceptable level as to quality.

The Acceptability of the Innovative Extension Table for Radial

Arm based on the Usability

Based on our online survey of Usability, we have statistically tallied and

interpret data. As a result of our data, we survey from professor to random

people in a community .There are 9 people chooses of highly acceptable and 10

people chooses in acceptable, and only 1 person choose less acceptable and

there are none choose the fairly acceptable and not acceptable in easy to used

and operate. In could be used in long term there are 10 people chooses highly

acceptable and 10 people chooses acceptable and there are none choosing for

the less acceptable, fairly acceptable and not acceptable.

Table 11

Usability HA A LA FA NA X VD

Easy to used and

9 10 1 0 0 4.4 A
operate
Could be used in
10 8 2 0 0 4.4 A
long term
Average Mean 4.4 A
Legends:

HA – Highly Acceptable

A – Acceptable

LA – Less Acceptable

FA – Fairly Acceptable

NA – Not Acceptable

Table 11 shows with an average mean of 4.4 for the Acceptable level as to
usability.

The Acceptability of the Innovative Extension Table for Radial

Armbased on the Ergonomics

Based on our online survey of Ergonomics, we have statistically tallied and

interpret data. As a result of our data, we survey from professor to random

people in a community .There are 11 people chooses of highly acceptable and 7

people chooses in acceptable, and 2 people choose less acceptable and there

are none choosing the fairly acceptable and not acceptable in foldable style for

inconvenience.

Table 12

Ergonomics HA A LA FA NA X VD

Foldable style for

11 7 2 0 0 4.4 A
inconvenience

Average Mean 4.4 A

Legends:

HA – Highly Acceptable

A – Acceptable

LA – Less Acceptable

FA – Fairly Acceptable

NA – Not Acceptable

Table 12 shows with an average mean of 4.4 for the acceptable level as to

ergonomics.

The Acceptability of the Innovative Extension Table for Radial

Arm based on the Safety

Based on our online survey of Safety, we have statistically tallied and interpret

data. As a result of our data, we survey from professor to random people in a

community .There are 17 people chooses of highly acceptable and 3 people

chooses in acceptable, and there are none choose for less acceptable and

there is also none choosing the fairly acceptable and not acceptable in comport

zone using the machine. In acceptable for hazard free there are 15 people

chooses highly acceptable and 4 people chooses acceptable and only 1 person

choosing for the less acceptable, and there are none choosing for the fairly

acceptable and not acceptable

Table 13

Safety HA A LA FA NA X VD

Comfort zone using 17 3 0 0 0 4.8 HA

the machine
Acceptable in hazard
15 4 1 0 0 4.7 HA
free
Average Mean 4.7 HA
Legends:

HA – Highly Acceptable

A – Acceptable

LA – Less Acceptable

FA – Fairly Acceptable

NA – Not Acceptable

Table 13 shows with an average mean of 4.7 for most acceptable as to safety.

Chapter 3
 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the general summary. It presents the problem,

findings, conclusions and recommendations.

SUMMARY

The main aim of the study was to innovate the radial arm machine by

setting up a extension table design to fed the work piece in any size with the

proper alignment of the machine. This study was proposed and survey through

online to determine the validity and acceptability of the product in terms of

functional, quality, usability, ergonomics and safety of the product to the end

user.

FINDINGS

The main purpose of this study is to determine and validate the

acceptability of Innovative Extension Table for the Radial Arm Machine to the

preference of the end user. Based on the result that we have gathered, our

research was being accepted to the people in terms of functionality, quality,

usability, ergonomics and safety especially the modern design of the machine

compared to the standard design of the radial arm machine.

CONCLUSION
 Based on the findings, we concluded that the people now days have a

better understanding about innovation specifically in machine new design to

improve the quality and precision in wood machining. In addition, extension table

for radial arm machine met the standards with its functions and durability. Our

proposed research entitled innovative extension table for radial arm machine was

being accepted and being rated as acceptable based on the given attributes as

shown on the chapter 2.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the findings and conclusions presented, the following

recommendations are suggested:

▹ The researchers recommend the school to address possible actions to the

students ability and knowledge for them to do well in creating a innovation

product.

▹ It’s recommended that the Innovative Extension Table for Radial Arm will

accepted and adopted.

Chapter 4
 OUTPUT OF THE STUDY

Rationale

The researchers conducted a study on what are the preference of the

people in innovation and then proposed the innovative extension table for radial

arm machine as to rated to the respondents preference in terms of its

functionality, quality, usability, ergonomics and safety. This study is a guide for

future furniture students.

The findings of the study stated that the preference of the people in our

proposal in terms of the new design of the machine was being accepted. The

study will give deeper understanding and importance of radial arm innovation and

the results will help students, and teachers to have a better idea of innovation.

Objectives

The main objectives of this study are:

• To know the preference of the people in the innovation product.

• To determine the proposed innovative extension table for radial arm

machine will be acceptable to the people or respondents.

• To be used as a reference guide to our future furniture students

OUTPUT OF THE
PROPOSED
OF THE
INNOVATIVE
EXTENSION
TABLE FOR
RADIAL ARM

Orthographic View (Figure1.4)

Top View (Figure 1.5)
Front View (1.6)
Right Side View (Figure1.7)
Left Side View (Figure1.8)
Perspective View (Figure1.9)
BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Internet Website Links

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Cebu Furniture Industries Foundation retrieve (2005), Adjustments for the Trade

Agreements. http: philexport.org/ members/ cfif/ furniture.htm –

https://www.dlsu.edu.ph

Chamber of Furniture Industries of the Philippines (2004) The industry

performance, Adjustments for the Trade Agreement , http://www.cfinet.com-

https://www.dlsu.edu.ph

Dimic, M., & Pavlovic, A. 2016. Actuality and the perspective of the wood industry

development in the countries. Research in Advanced design solutions for high

precision woodworking machines.http://www.ijqr.net.com

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Fierer, J.L. (1984) Woodworking for Industry , Technology and practice, Encino

Ca: Bennett & Knight–research in Design Innovations Historical and Theoritical

Perspective on Product Innovation in Design – http: //www.ub.edu.com

https:// sensibledigs.com – Radial Arm Saw Uses ( Essential Uses)

https: // www. pinterest.com – the versatile arm saw is a versatile of stationary

tools

http: //www.woodworkinghistory.com – Glossary Radial Arm Saw- A history of

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Ratnasingan 2005, Determinants of research in technological Innovation in

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Design Innovations Historical and Theoretical Perspective on Product

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Innovation in Design – http: //www.ub.edu.com

Shu, S, D., Kim, HS, &Kim, J.M. (2004) Design and manufactures of composite

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Tidd, J., Bessant, J and Pavitt, K., 2001, Managing Innovation; Intergrating

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Innovations Historical and Theoretical Perspective on Product Innovation in

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APPENDICES

APPENDICES

Appendix A
Republic of the Philippines

Cebu Technological University

Main Campus, R. Palma St., Cebu City

COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

June 2021

Dear Respondents,
Greetings!

The Undersigned are conducting a study entitled "Innovative Extension Table for
Radial Arm”. The result of this study will be use for is instructional purposes in
the Graphics and Design, Civil, IDT & FCM Department at the Cebu
Technological University and as well for the future industrial applications.

In this regard, the researchers humbly requesting for your cooperation by

answering the questionnaire honestly and candidly as you can. It is assured that
the data gathered shall be treated with outmost confidentiality.

Your cooperation and assistance to this study will be highly appreciated.

Researchers

Razo, Jineziel D.

Gabutero, Jocelyn

Landiza, Floramae

Nomio, Josephine M.

Aton, Jarive R.

Villona, Adrian

Appendix B

Scoring Procedure for Questionnaires

Name: _____________________________________Course Yr. & Sec.: __________________

Direction: Using the rating below please put a (√) check mark to the column provided best
represents your attractiveness to the output.

Categorical Verbal
Scoring Weight Parametric Scale
Response Description
 If the functions
and its features of
Highly Acceptable
5 4.5 – 5.0 the project are
(HA)
highly acceptable
within the person.
If the functions
and its features of
Acceptable the project is
4 3.5 – 4.5
(A) acceptable within
the person.

If the functions
and its features of
3 2.5 – 3.5
Less Acceptable the project is less
(LA) acceptable within
the person.

If the functions
and its features of
Fairly Acceptable the project is fairly
2 1.5 – 2.5
(FA) acceptable within
the persons

If the functions
and its features of
Not Acceptable the project is not
1 1.0 – 1.5
(NA) acceptable within
the person.

• Functionality

HA A LA FA NA

Load Capacity

Space Utilization
 • Quality

HA A LA FA NA

Workmanship

Aesthetic

C. Usability

HA A LA FA NA

Easy to used and operate

Could be used in long

term

D. Ergonomics

HA A LA FA NA

Foldable style for

inconvenience
E. Safety

HA A LA FA NA

Comport zone using the

machine

Acceptable in hazard
free
Legends:

HA – Highly Acceptable

A – Acceptable

LA – Less Acceptable

FA – Fairly Acceptable

NA – Not Acceptable

Curriculum Vitae
Personal Data
Name : Razo, Jineziel D.
Address : Tabionan, San Fernando, Cebu
Age : 22
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : December 24, 1998
Contact Number : +639569939239
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Fathers Name : Ulysses J. Razo
Occupation : Carpenter
Mothers Name : Delia A. Razo
Occupation : Utility Worker
Educational Attainment
Tertiary Cebu Technological University 2020 - Present
M.J. Cuenco Ave., R. Palma St. Cebu City
Senior High School Cebu Technological Sciences- 2017-2018
Junior High School Magsico, National High School 2015-2016
Elementary Basak Elementary School2011-2012
Core Interest and Skills:
• Reading books, playing badminton

Curriculum Vitae
Personal Data
Name : Jocelyn L. Gabutero
Address : Batadbatad Moalboal, Cebu
Age : 20
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : December 25, 1999
Contact Number : 09196456803
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Fathers Name : Remegio Gabutero
Occupation : Farmer
Mothers Name : Ambrosia Gabutero
Occupation : Housewife
Educational Attainment
Tertiary Cebu Technological University
2020 - Present M.J. Cuenco Ave., R.
Palma St. Cebu City
Senior High School Abellana National School
2017 - 2018
Junior High Schhol Bala National High School
2015-2016
Elementary Batad-batad Elementary School
2011 - 2012

Core Interest and Skills:

• Playing badminton, listening music

Curriculum Vitae
Personal Data
Name : Jarive R. Aton
Address : Sitio San Miguel Tisa Cebu City
Age : 25
Sex : Male
Date of Birth : July 8, 1995
Contact Number : 09064310953
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Jesus Miracle Crusade International Ministry
Fathers Name : Virgilio S. Aton
Occupation : None
Mothers Name :Juanita R. Aton
Occupation : Housewife
Educational Attainment
Tertiary Cebu Technological University 2021 -
PresentM.J. Cuenco Ave., R. Palma St. Cebu City
Secondary Tisa National High School 2017 - 2018
Elementary Subangdako Elementary School 2007 - 2008

Core Interest and Skills:

• Playing volleyball, playing damath, listening music

Curriculum Vitae
Personal Data
Name :Floramae T. Landiza
Address : Mactan Soong Lapu-lapu City
Age : 22
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : November 24.1997
Contact Number : 09362368942
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Fathers Name : Romeo J. Silvano
Occupation : Mason
Mothers Name : Neciflor T. Silvano
Occupation : Housewife
Educational Attainment
Tertiary Cebu Technological University
2020 - PresentM.J. Cuenco Ave., R. Palma
St. Cebu City
Secondary Mactan National High School
2017 - 2018

Elementary Lawaan Elementary School 2011- 2012

Core Interest and Skills:

• Playing badminton

Curriculum Vitae
Personal Data
Name : Josephine M. Nomio
Address : .N-Bacalso Ave. Sitio Camancilis,
Mambaling Cebu City
Age : 27
Sex : Female
Date of Birth : January 6, 1993
Contact Number :09271273832
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Born Again Christian
Fathers Name : Agripino B. Nomio
Occupation :Welder
Mothers Name : Melchora M. Martinez
Occupation : Housewife
Educational Attainment
Tertiary Cebu Technological University 2020 -
PresentM.J. Cuenco Ave., R. Palma St. Cebu City
Secondary Mambaling Night High School 2011- 2012

Elementary Mambaling Elementary School 2007 - 2008

Core Interest and Skills:

• Playing badminton

Curriculum Vitae
Personal Data
Name : Adrian Villona
Address : 158 Kalubihan St. Mangga, Tisa
Cebu City
Age : 21
Sex : Male
Date of Birth : August 23, 1999
Contact Number : 09225524818
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Fathers Name : Norbeto Villona
Occupation : Car painter / Welder
Mothers Name : Merle Villona
Occupation : Housewife
Educational Attainment
Tertiary Cebu Technological University 2020 -
PresentM.J. Cuenco Ave., R. Palma St. Cebu City
Senior High School Tisa National High School 2017 - 2018

Elementary Tisa Elementary School 2011 - 2012

Core Interest and Skills:

• Playing basketball, Mountain Trail, Drawing and Auto CAD literate.