PROPERTYOFPI

ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

1
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

I
NTRODUCTIONTOBLACKGOSPEL
CHORDS(
BGC)
Thi
slessonhasbeencompil
edtohel
pdemyst
if
ythi
s
musicalgenr
e,andpr
esenti
tint
hemostsi
mpli
fi
edfor
m.
Ev
erymusicalgenr
ehasi
tsownchor
dpecul
i
ari
tyand
pr
ogressi
ons.
Bl
ackgospeli
safor
m ofmusi
cthatevol
vedfr
om var
ious
musi
calgenr
essuchasj
azz,
blues,
rhy
thm andbl
ues.
Theinf
luenceofjazzcannotbeov er
emphasi
zedi
nblack
gospelgenre,andlot
sofitsmovementsandchor
dsare
usedextensiv
elyinBlackgospel
genre.
Mostj azzprogressionscanbebr okendowninto
251's,
blackgospel genrehasfoundt hi
spopularj
azz
progressionsuseful aspassesbetweenchords.
Thecor
eel
ement
sofBl
ackGospel
musi
c
Fl
uidi
ty
Di
ssonance
Li
cks
Cadences
Chor
dvoi
cing

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Thi
sel
ement
scont
ri
but
esgr
eat
lyt
othemusi
cal
genr
e.
Ingospel
chor
dstr
iadsar
erar
elypl
ayed,
mostofi
ts
chordsar
eext
ensi
ons.
Maj
or7t
h,9t
h
Mi
nor7t
h,9t
h
Domi
nant
sext
ensi
ons
Di
mini
shedchor
ds
Al
ter
edchor
dse.
t.
c
Alt
houghthisgenrehassomechor
dsnamed
unconvent
ional
ly
,never
thel
esst
heyar
esti
l
lthesamee.
g
ofthi
sis
Pr
eacher
schor
d
St
eroi
ds
Neochor
dse.
t.
c.
Theyal
lf ol
l
owt
hesamer
ule,
thedi
ff
erencemostt
imei
s
thevoi
cing.

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Bl
ackgospel
chor
dsanal
ysi
s

Dominant7t
hchor
d.
Theyarechordsf
ormedont
he5t
hdegr
eeoft
hemaj
or
scal
e.
Theyar
echaract
eri
zedwi
ththest
rongdissonantsound,
l
eadi
ngorr
esolvi
ngtoamorest
abl
etonal
centre.
Theyareformedusi
ngf
rom t
hemaj
orscal
eusi
ngt
he
numbercode
1357b.
Foranychordtobeadomi nantchord,i
tmusthav ethe3
andt heb7,thi
sinter
vali
sknownast heflat
tened5th
other
wisepopul
arknownasthetri
toneint
erv
al.
Adominantchor
dcanbeext
endedj
ustast
hemi
norand
maj
orchords.
Tot
he9t
hsI
.edom9t
h•135b79
11t
hsI
.edom11t
h•135b7911
13t
hsI
.et
hedom13•135b791113
Thi
sextensi
onsperfor
mt hesamer ol
easthe7t
hchord
andcanbesubst
it
utedforeachot
here.
ga251inCmaj
or
Dmi
n9 .
..
..Gdom7 orGdom9 orGdom11 orGdom13

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

.
.Cmaj
or7
Thischordsext
ensi
onarethesamebutdi f
ferabitinthe
harmonicqual
it
yduetot
hedi f
fer
ingnot
esandinterv
alsin
each.Themor etheext
ensionthedarkeranddissonant
thesound.

Domi nantchordsandblues
Thet wel ve-
barbluechor dchangesisoneoft hemost
prominentchor dprogr
essionsinpopul
armusic.Theblues
progressionhasadi st
incti
veformi nl
yri
cs,phr
ase,chord
st
r uct
ure, and dur ati
on. In i t
s basic form, iti s
predomi nantl
ybasedont heI,
IV,andVchordsofakey.
Thi
sbl ueschangemakesuseofdominantchords.Thi
s
dominantchor
ds,gi
vesgenr
eit
schar
act
eri
sti
clushsound.

C7 C7 C7 C7
F7 F7 C7 C7
G7 G7 C7 C7

The12barbl
uesprogressi
on
Thi
schordpr
ogressi
oncanbeeasi
l
yal
ter
edt
ogetamor
e
f
lui
dpr
ogr
essi
on.
Li
ter
ari
l
y,t
hef
ir
stbar
,the1chor
disr
epeat
ed4beat
s

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

A251canbei
nser
tedont
he234beate.
g
Theunal
ter
edf
ir
stbar:
C7C7C7C7

C7Dmi
n9Gdom7C7
F7G7C7E7
A7Dmi
n9G7C7

Al
ter
edbar:
C7Dmi
n9Gdom7C7orC7Dmi
n9C#7C7.
ThesecondbarhasF7on2beatandC7on2beat
I
tcanbeal
ter
edaddingaDom chor
dont
hebeatact
ingas
api
vott
othenextchor
d.
Secondbarcanbe:
F7G7C7E7
Thensamepr
inci
pleappl
ytot
hel
astbar
.
Thet
hir
dbar:
A7Dmi
n9G7C7

Dominantchordssubsti
tut
ion
The chor
d progressi
on descri
bed pr
evi
ousl
yhas some
chor
dssubstit
uted.
A Dominant chor
d can be subst
it
uted wi
th anot
her
Domi
nantchordatri
tonei
nter
val
away.
Thisis because thi
s chords cont
aint
he same tr
itone
i
nterv
als.Thi
st r
it
oneinter
val(3andb7)i
sresponsi
blefor

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

theHarmonicqualit
yoft hedominantchor
d.Henceany
dominantchordcontai
ningthesamet r
it
oni
cpaircanbe
subst
it
utedforeachothe.E.
gGdom7andC#dom7.

Domi
nantmoti
onandsubstit
ution
Domi
nantchordsgener
all
yresolv
estothe1chor
dofthe
maj
orscal
eI .
eachor dperfect5thaway.E.
gGdom to
Cmaj
7
Orint
hecaseoft
hetr
it
oni
cpai
rthatr
esol
vesahal
fst
ep
downwar
d.E.
gC#dom7toCmaj
or7
Dominantchor dsandsecondarydominantsal
sor esol
ves
tot
hemi nor7thchordaperfect5t
haway .E.
gE7t oAmin7.
Thi
snewmi norchordcannowbev i
ewast he2chor di
na
251mov ement e.gAmi nor7Ddom7Gmaj or7.Thisis
howprogressionsaresubst
itut
ed.
Sincethemi
nor
7thchor
dcanr
epl
acei
tsr
elat
ivemaj
or
chord.
A2514mov
ementi
nwhi
cht
he4canber
epl
acedbyab7
chor
d
Fi
rstpr
ogr
essi
on:Dmi
nor
9Gmi
nor
7C7Fmaj
or7
Secondpr
ogr
essi
on:
Dmi
nor
9Gdom7Cmi
nor
9Bbmaj
or7
Both movement can be subst
it
uted f
or each ot
her
.
Obser
vecaref
ull
ythepr
ogressi
on.

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Halfdiminishedchordtodominantchordmoti
on.
Hereahal fdimini
shedchordresol
vestoadomi nantchord
a5thaway .Thi
shal
fdimini
shedchordcanbechor dcanbe
considered as the upperchord str
uctur
e ofdomi nant
chorditsresolv
ingto.E.
g
Chal
fdi
m7t
oF7
The Chal
fdi
m7 chord can be consi
der
ed t
he upper
st
ruct
ureofFdom11b9
Chal
fDi
m7:
CEbF#Bb
Fdom11b9:
FACEbF#Bb
I
nst
eadofplayi
ngthebi
gchord,Fdom11b9di
rect
ly,i
tcan
bebr
okendowni nt
othe2chordstogiv
eamor ef
luidand
l
essdi
ssonantf
il
l.
Thi
schor
disf
ormedf
rom t
hef
ormul
a
135b7
Thi
schor
dhast
het
ri
tonei
nter
val
3b7
Thi
schor
dcanbepl
ayedont
he
123567
Iti
sachordt hatresol
vesdi
rect
lytoaMAJORorMI NOR
chordaper
fect4thawayorasemi t
onedi
rect
lybehi
ndit
.

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Thi
sisusedmost
lyast
he5chor
dinmostpr
ogr
essi
ons.
E.
gaCdom7t
oFmaj
or7orFmi
nor
7
Thi
schor
dcanbev
oicedas.
Lef
t3b7
Ri
ght513
Lef
t1
Ri
ght5b73
Agoodexampleofthi
schordisintheharmoni
cmi nor
scal
ewheret
hedomi
nant7thonthe5resol
vesDi
rect
lyto
amajor7t
hchor
dasemitonei
nfr
ontofit
.
E.
gintheA har
moni
cmi
norscal
eEdom7 r
esol
vest
o
Fmaj
or7.
Domi
nantb9chor
d
Thi
schor
disf
ormedusi
ngt
hef
ormul
a
135b7b9
Thi
schor
disal
sosi
mil
art
othedomi
nant7
Canbeusedas
3goi
ngt
othe6
6goi
ngt
othe2

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

5goi
ngt
o1(
amaj
oradd6chor
d)
Thi
schor
dcanbev
oiced
Lef
t1
Ri
ghtb93b7
Lef
t3b7
Ri
ght51b93
Exampl
eofthi
schor
dmov
ementi
sC#domb9t
oF#maj
or
6t
hadd9chor
d.

Minor7th/major6t
h
Thischordscanbevi
ewsasi
nver
sionsofeachot
her
.
mi
nor7t
hchor
disal
soamaj
or6t
hchor
d.
For
mul
aformi
nor7t
h:1b35b7
For
mul
aformaj
or6t
h:1356
Aminor7t
hchor
disal
sothesamehast
hemaj
or6t
h
chor
daminor3r
daway.

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

E.
gEbmi
nor7t
hist
hesameasF#maj
or6t
hchor
d!.

Thi
schor
dcanbei
nter
changed

Mi
nor7t
hr esol
vi
ngt
odomi
nantchor
dper
fect5t
haway
.
A2-
5mov ement
E.
g
Gmi
nor
7thr
esol
vi
ngt
oCmaj
or7t
h
Gmi
nori
svoi
cedt
his
Lef
tD
Ri
ghtGBbF
Thi
sisanexampl
eofadrop2v
oici
ng*f
ormi
norchor
d
goi
ngtothedomi
nant(
2-5)
.
Cdom7i
svoi
cedt
hus.
Lef
tC

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 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Ri
ghtCBbE.
Thi
smov
ementcanal
sooccuront
he
7t
o6,
3to6,
thi
sar
eal
lsecondar
ydomi
nantmov
ement
s.
Secondar
ydominant
saredomi
nant
sthatr
esol
vet
oa
toni
csasi
defr
om the1.
E.gminor7thonthe7thresol
v est
oadomi nantchordon3,
thedominantchordon3wi l
lresol
vet
oamaj or7t
hchord
onthe6th..Hencethe6t
hbecomest hesecondarytoni
c
thoughit
snoton1.

Dropv oicing
Voici
ngi st hepr acti
ceofr egar di
ngtheindi
v i
dualnotesof
achor dasv oi
ces.Pur suantt othisconsi
derati
on,voici
ng
i
nvolvest her earrangementoft henotesofachor dto
mov esmoot hl
ytot heclosestpossi bl
eoptions.Thereare
severalv oicingtechniquest hatcanbeusedt orear
range
the notes ofa chor d.Thi s posti s dedicated t
ot he
understandi ngoft hedrop2v oici
ngtechni
que.
Therear
efourvoi
cesinthechordabove.I
fthev
oicesar
e
order
edfr
om thehi
ghesttot
helowest,
wehav
e:
B–Sopr
ano–1stVoi
ce

12
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

G–Al
to–2ndVoi
ce
E–Tenor–3r
dVoi
ce
C–Bass–4t
hVoi
ce
The dr op 2 voici
ng technique f eatur
es the octave
transposi
ti
onofthe2ndv oi
ce( alt
ov oice).The2ndvoice
i
nt heCmaj7chordisG.Tr ansposingGanoct avel
ower
thanitsposi
ti
onwill
yiel
danewr ear
rangement :
Thisrear
rangementi
scall
edthedrop2voi
cingbecauseof
theoctavetr
ansposi
ti
onofthe2ndvoi
ce.
Thisar
eusedext
ensi
vel
ytov
oicer
ehar
moni
zemel
ody
l
ines.
E.
gthemaj
orscal
eishar
moni
zedt
hus.
1i
smaj
or
2i
smi
nor
3i
smi
nor
4i
smaj
or
5i
smaj
or
6i
smi
nor
7i
sdi
mini
shed
Thi
sist
hedi
atoni
char
moni
zat
ion.

13
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

I
nver
sions
I
nver
sionissi
mpl
yrear
rangi
ngchor
dnot
esi
naspeci
fi
c
manner.
Inv
ersi
on does not change t he chor
ds, i
dent
it
y,
nomenclat
ure,and char
act
eri
sti
cs.,i
tsjustthe mere
changeinposi
ti
onsofnot
esofthechor
ds.
Ider
ivedt
hisf
ormul
atohel
p
N-1=P
Ni
sthenumberofchor
dnot
es
Pi
sthenumberofpossi
blei
nver
sions
Tr
iadsi
nver
sion
Therear
e2possi
bleway
stoi
nver
tthi
schor
d.Usi
ngt
he
for
mula.
E.
gofat
ri
adchor
disCmaj
or
CEG
Togetthefi
rstinver
sion,
pickthefi
rstnot
e,(
C)t
henpl
ace
aheadofthelastnot
e(G)soy ouhave
EGC
Togett hesecondi nversi
on,simplyr
epeat
edt hesame
process..Thi
stimepi ckthelastnot
eofthef
irsti
nver
sion
(E)placeiti
nfrontofC, y
ouhav e,

14
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

GCE
Tr
youtwi
thsomeot
hert
ri
ads.
Iwanty out ojotdownthi
s2inversi
ons,t
henplaythem
each,payat t
enti
ontothei
rsounds,youwil
lreal
izethey
areal
lstil
lthesamechor
dbutsoundingabi
tdif
fer
ent.
Thi
s process i
st he same f
or al
ltr
iads e.
g mi
nor
,
di
mini
shed,augmented.
4not
eschor
dinv
ersi
on
Thi
sfol
lowst
hesameprocessasthet
ri
ads,
thedi
ff
erence
i
sthatwenowhave3possi
bil
it
ies.

TheNumberSy stem.
Contemporarymusicteachershasdevelopedasi
mple,
easytounderst
and,rel
atabletechni
queofgivi
ngnumbers
tonotesofthescal
esf oreasyrefer
ence.
Subsequent
lyintheeBookwe'
l
lbeusi
ngt
henumber
syst
em approach.
Sohowdoesi
twor
k..
.?
I
t’
sasi
mpl
enumer
icsy
stem.
1t
hef
ir
stnot
eoft
hescal
e

15
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

2secondnot
eoft
hescal
e
3t
hir
dnot
eoft
hescal
e
4f
our
thnot
eoft
hescal
e
5f
if
thnot
eoft
hescal
e
6si
xthnot
eoft
hescal
e
7sev
ent
hnot
eoft
hescal
e
E.
t.
c
Cmaj
orscal
e
C1
D2
E3
F4
G5
A6
B7
Soifi
nthescal
eofC,Cwesay4it
sF.Ifwesay#5it
s
G#becauseGis5and#meansRai
seitbyasemit
one
henceG..Wesayb3i
tsEb.

16
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Usi
ngdr
opvoi
cing,i
tcanbehar
moni
zedt
hus.
1isamaj
or6t
h| l
eft
•6right
•351
2i
sadi
mini
shed7t
h|l
eft
•7r
ight
•4b62
3i
sami
nor7t
h|l
eft
•1r
ight
•563
4i
sahal
fdi
mini
shed7t
h|l
eft
•2r
ight•b614
5i
sal
soahal
fdi
m 7t
h|l
eft
•3r
ight
•b725
6i
sahal
fdi
m7t
h|l
eft
•b5r
ight
•136
7i
sadi
mini
shed7t
h|l
eft
•b6r
ight
•247

Thi
sist
hepopul
ardrop2v
oici
ng.Usedmost
lyf
orwal
kup
andwal
kdownpasses
E.
ga17b66wal
kdown
1i
samaj
or6t
h|l
eft
•6r
ight
•351
7i
sadi
mini
shedchor
d|l
eft
•b6r
ight
•247
b7i
sadi
mini
shedchor
d|l
eft•5r
ight
•b23b7
6i
sahal
fdi
m7chor
d|l
eft
•b5r
ight
•136
345walkupt
o4major7chor
d
3mi
nor7th|l
eft
•1r
ight
•563
4hal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•2r
ight
•b614
5hal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•3r
ight
•b725.

17
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
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Thenr
esol
vet
o4openv
oici
ng.
Lef
t•415r
ight
•6135
54123t henresolv
etob7maj
or7or2mi
nor9
5i
sminor7| l
eft•3ri
ght
•615
4i
sami
nor7|
lef
t•2r
ight
•614
1i
smaj
or6|
lef
t•6r
ight
•351
2i
sdi
mini
shed7t
h|l
eft
•7r
ight
•4b62
3i
sdi
mini
shed7t
h|l
eft
•b2r
ight573
Thenr
esol
vet
oami
nor
9thon2oramaj
or7t
hinb7

Dimini
shedpasses
Dimini
shedchordshavel
ongbeenusedaspassesduet
o
thei
rfl
uidandunstabl
enat
ure.
Thedi
mini
shedscal
eisf
ormedt
hus
1b23b#456#6
Thi
sscal
eishexat
oni
cI.
eit
san8not
escal
e.
Adi
m

18
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

i
nishedchor
dwi
l
lresol
vet
oami
nor
7chor
dabov
eit
.
E.
gaC#di
m7r
esol
vi
ngt
oaDmi
nor
7chor
d
Thi
sal
socanbepl
ayedusi
ngdr
op2v
oici
ng.
Lef
t•C#r
ight
•F#AEB
Lef
t•Bbr
ight
•AbBbF
Dr
opvoi
cingi
susedmost
lyi
nbl
ackgospel
becausei
t
al
l
owshalfst
epbassmov
ement
sorclosei
nter
val
s.
Di
mini
shed7t
hchor
dsar
emadeupof2t
ri
tones.

1b3b57

19
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
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1&b5i
sat
ri
tone
b3&7i
sat
ri
tone
Br
eaki
ngdownt
hedi
mini
shedscal
eint
o2equal
par
ts
1stpasti
s:
1b2b34
Thesecondpar
tis:
#456b7
Adimi
nishedrunbuil
tont
he1stpar
twi
ll
resol
vet
ot he
sameminorchordonthel
eft
.I.
ebot
hpart
saremi
rror
i
magesofeachot her
.
E.gadimini
shedr
unt
oEmi
nor
7chor
dusi
ngdr
op2
voici
ng.
Cdi
m7-C#di
m7-Ebdi
m7-r
esol
vet
oEmi
nor
7
Cdi
m7|
lef
t•Cr
ight
•F#AEB
C#di
m7|
lef
t•C#r
ight
•GBbE
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Emi
nor
7|l
eft
•Er
ight
•BDG
Usi
ngt
hesecondpar
t

20
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

F#di
m7-Gdi
m7-Adim7r
esol
vet
oEmi
nor
7
F#di
m7|l
eft
•F#r
ight
•CEbA
C#di
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ightC#EBb
Adi
m7|
lef
t•Ar
ightEbF#C
Emi
nor
7|l
eft
•Br
ightEGA
Not
icehowt
hepar
tsar
emer
einv
ersi
onsofeachot
her
.
Adi
mini
shedr
uni
sbui
l
tusi
ngt
hef
ormul
a:
HW Hr
esol
ve
Asseenabov
e.Thi
sar
ebasi
cruns
Advancedr
unsar
ebuil
tinsuchawayt hedi
mini
shedr
un
st
artsahal
fst
epbef
orethetargetchor
dsscal
e.
E.
gadi mi
nishedruntoEminor
7start
ingontheB
dmini
shed7thchord.
St
udycareful
lyhowitswi
tchbacktothepr
eviousexampl
e.
Bdi
m7-Cdim7-Ddi
m7-C#di
m7-Ebdi
m7r
esol
vet
o
Eminor
7.
Bdi
m7|
lef
t•Br
ight
•FAbD
Cdi
m7|
lef
t•Cr
ight
•F#AEb
Ddi
m7|
lef
t•Dr
ight
•AbBF
C#di
m7|
lef
t•C#r
ight
•GBbF

21
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Emi
nor
7|l
eft
•Er
ight
•BDG
Nowl
et'
str
ya8di
mini
shchor
dwal
kupt
oAmi
nor
7!!
Themelodyl
i
newi
l
lgo:
2b34345b5b6t
henAmi
nor7
whichi
s6!!
Solet'
shar
moni
zet
hisdi
mini
shedchor
dsusi
ngdr
op2
voi
cing.
Thechor
dswil
lbeDdi
m7-Ebdim7-Fdi
m7-Edi
m7-F
di
m7-Gdim7-F#dim7-Abdi
m7
Ddi
m7| l
eft
•Dri
ght
•AbBF
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Fdi
m7|
lef
t•Fr
ight
•BDAb
Edi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbC#G
Fdi
m7|
lef
t•Fr
ight
•BDAb
Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#EBb
F#di
m7|
lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEbA
Abdi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Ami
nor
7|l
eft
•Ar
ight
•EGC

22
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Di
mini
shedchor
dsar
eusedinchr
omat
icwalkdowns
Ex
ample:17b77b6thenr
esol
vetoaminor
7ont he6!
E.
gawal
kdownt
oAmi
nor
I
nthekeyofCmaj
orusi
ngt
hewal
kdownabov
e.

Cmaj
or6-Bdi
m7-Bbdi
m7-Ahal
fdi
m7-Abdi
m7-Ami
nor
7

Usi
ngdrop2
Cmajor
6|lef
t•Ar
ight
•EGC
Bdi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Bbdi
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#EBb
Ahal
fdi
m7|
Lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEA
Abdi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Ami
nor
7|l
eft
•Ar
ight
•EGC
Remembert
helessonabove.Ev
er ymaj
or6i
sthesameas
themi
nor7chor
dami nor3rdbelowit!
!.

Dr
op2exer
cisesl
eadi
ngt
othe2chor
d(keyCMaj
or)

Melodyl
ine1:
AAbGBbEGt henresol
vet
othe2minor
chord
Chords:
Ahalf
dim7-Abdi
m7-Gdi
m7-Bbdim7-Adi
m7-

23
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

C#hal
fdi
m7-Gdi
m7t
henr
esol
vet
oDmi
nor7
Ahal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEA
Abdi
m7|
lef
t•Fr
ight
•BDAb
Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbC#G
Bbdi
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#GBb
Adi
m7|
lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEbA
C#hal
dim7t
h|l
eft
•C#r
ight
•GBE
Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbC#G
Dmi
nor
7|l
eft
•Fr
ight
•CDA

Themel
odyl
i
nehast
obepl
ayedont
opoft
heot
hernot
es.

Melodyl
ine2:EEbEF#GEbF#EEt henr
esol
veto
Dminor7
Chords:Edi
m7-Ebdim7-Edim7-F#di
m7-Ehal
fdi
m7-
Ebdim7-F#dim7-C#hal
fdi
m7-Dminor7
Edi
m7|
lef
t•C#r
ight
•GBbE
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•C r
ight
•F#AEb
Edi
m7|
lef
t•C#r
ight
•GBbE
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#

24
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Ehal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbDG
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•C r
ight
•F#AEb
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
C#hal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•C#r
ight
•GBE
Dmi
nor
7|l
eft
•Dr
ight
•ACF

Mel
odyl
i
ne:
AAbABBbBC#Thenr
esol
vet
oDmi
nor7

Chords:F#hal
fdi
m7-Abdim7-F#di
m7-Abhal
fdi
m7-
Gdim7-Abdim7-Bbdi
m7- Dmi
nor
7
F#half
dim7:Left
•F#r
ight
•CEA
Abdi
m7:
lef
t•Fr
ight
•BDAb
F#di
m7:
lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEbA
Abhal
fdi
m7:
Abr
ight
•DF#B
Gdi
m7:
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#EBb
Abdi
m7:
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Bbmi
nor
7:l
eft
•Bbr
ight
•EGC#
Dmi
nor
7:l
eft
•Cr
ight
•FAD

25
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Melodyl
ine:
CBBbBC#EEbResol vetoDminor
Chords:
Cmajor6-Bdi
m7-Bbdim7-Abhal
fdi
m7-C#di
m7
-Edi
m7-Chalfdi
m7-Dminor
7.
Cmaj
or6|
lef
t•Ar
ight
•EG
Bdi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Bbdi
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#EBb
Abhal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DF#B
C#di
m7|
lef
t•Bbr
ight
•EGC#
Edi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•GBbE
Chal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Cr
ight
•F#BbEb
Dmi
nor
7|l
eft
•Cr
ight
•FAD

Dr
op2exer
cisel
eadi
ngt
othe3chor
d

Melodyli
ne:EbEF#AGEbF#r esolv
etotheEminor
7
Chords:Chalf
dim7-Edi
m7-F#dim7-F#halfdi
m7-
Eminor7-Ebdim7-Ebmi
nor
7resolvetoEminor
7
Chal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Cr
ight
•F#BbEb
Edi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•GBbE
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
F#hal
fdi
m7:
Lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEA

26
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Emi
nor
7:l
eft
•Dr
ight
•GBE
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•C r
ight
•F#AEb
Ebmi
nor
7|l
eft
•Ebr
ight
•BbC#F#
Emi
nor
7|l
eft
•Dr
ight
•GBE

Melodyl
ine:EGBbC#CAF#Ebr esol
vet
oEminor
7
Chords:
C#half
dim7-Gdim7-Bbdi
m7-Bbminor
7-Cdi
m7
-Adim7-F#di
m7r esol
vet
oEminor
7
C#hal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•C#r
ight
•GBE
Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbC#G
Bbdi
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#EBb
Bbmi
nor
7|l
eft
•Bbr
ight
•FAbC#
Cdi
m7|
lef
t•Ar
ight
•EbF#C
Adi
m7|
lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEbA
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Emi
nor
7|l
eft
•Dr
ight
•GBE

Melodyl
ine:
GBbC#EACEbF#t henresol
vetoEminor
7
Chords:
Chalf
dim7-Bbdi
m7-C#dim7-Edim7-Adi
m7-
Cdi
m7-Ebdim7-F#dim7resol
vet
oEminor7
C#hal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•C#r
ight
•GBE

27
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Bbdi
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#EBb
C#di
m7|
lef
t•Bbr
ight
•EGC#
Edi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•GBbE
Adi
m7|
lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEbA
Cdi
m7|
lef
t•Ar
ight
•EbF#C
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•C r
ight
•F#AEb
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Emi
nor
7|l
eft
•Dr
ight
•GBE

Melodyli
ne:ABbBBbBCB CC#EbF#At henresol
ve
toEminor7
Chords:F#half
dim7-Bbdi
m7-Bdim7-Ghal
fdi
m7-
Abminor7-Ahal
fdi
m7-C#dim7-Ebdi
m7-F#dim7-
Abhalf
dim7-Eminor7
F#hal
fdi
m7:
Lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEA
Bbdi
m7|
lef
t•Gr
ight
•C#EBb
Bdi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Ghal
fdi
m7|
Gri
ght
•C#FBb
Abmi
nor
7|Abr
ight
•EbF#B
Ahal
fdi
m7|
Ari
ght
•EbGC

28
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

C#di
m7|
lef
t•Bbr
ight
•EGC#
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•C r
ight
•F#AEb
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Abhal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DF#B
C#di
m7|
lef
t•Bbr
ight
•EGC#
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•C r
ight
•F#AEb
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Ahal
fdi
m7|
Ari
ght
•EbGC
Emi
nor
7|Br
ight
•EGD

Expl
ori
ngdr
op2i
n2-5mov
ement

I
nthekeyofCmaj
or

Chords:Dminor
7-Ddim7-Edi
m7-Fdi
m7-Edi
m7-
F#di
m7-Gdom7
Dminor7|l
eft
•Aright
•DFC
Ddi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Ebdi
m7|
lef
t•Ar
ight
•EbF#C

29
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Fdi
m7|
lef
t•Br
ight
•FAbD
Edi
m7|
lef
t•Bbr
ight
•EGC#
F#di
m7|
lef
t•Cr
ight
•F#AEb
Gdom7|
lef
t•Br
ight
•FGD

Chords:Dminor
7-Ddim7-Cdi
m7-Gdom7
Dminor7|l
eft
•Aright
•DFC
Ddi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Cdi
m7|
lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEbA
Gdom7|
lef
t•Fr
ight
•BDG

Chords:Dmi
nor7:
Ddim7-Ghal
fdi
m7-F#hal
fdi
m7-
Gdom7
Dminor7|l
eft
•Ari
ght
•DFC
Ddi
m7|
lef
t•Abr
ight
•DFB
Ghal
fdi
m7|
Gri
ght
•C#FBb
F#hal
fdi
m7|
Lef
t•F#r
ight
•CEA
Gdom7|
lef
t•Fr
ight
•BDG

30
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

2-5mov
ementI
nthekeyofFmaj
or

Chords:Gminor
7-Gdim7-Adi
m7-Bbdi
m7-Adi
m7-
Bdi
m7-Cdom7
Gminor7|l
eft
•Dright
•GBbF
Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Dbr
ight
•GBbE
Adi
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Bbdi
m7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbC#G
Adi
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Bdi
m7|
lef
t•Fr
ight
•BDAb
Cdom7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbCG

Chords:Gminor
7-Gdim7-Fdi
m7-Cdom7
Gminor7|l
eft
•Dright
•GBbF
Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Dbr
ight
•GBbE
Fdi
m7|
lef
t•Br
ight
•FAbD
Cdom7|
lef
t•Bbr
ight
•EGC

Chords:Gminor
7-Gdim7-Chal
fdi
m7-Bbhal
fdi
m7-
Cdom7
Gminor7|l
eft
•Dright
•GBbF

31
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Dbr
ight
•GBbE
Chal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Cr
ight
•F#BbEb
Bbhal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Bbr
ight
•EAbDb
Cdom7|
lef
t•Er
ight
•BbCG

2-5mov
ementI
nthekeyofGmaj
or

Chords:Aminor
7-Adim7-Dhal
fdi
m7-Chal
fdi
m7-
Ddom7
Aminor7|l
eft
•Eright
•ACG
Adi
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Dhal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Dr
ight
•AbCF
Chal
fdi
m7|
lef
t•Cr
ight
•F#BbEb
Ddom7|
lef
t•Ar
ight
•DF#C

Chords:Aminor
7-Adim7-Gdi
m7-Ddom7
Aminor7|l
eft
•Eright
•ACG
Adi
m7|
lef
t•Ebr
ight
•ACF#
Gdi
m7|
lef
t•Dbr
ight
•GBbE
Ddom7|
lef
t•Ar
ight
•DF#C

32
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

SLASHCHORDS&POLYCHORDS
SLASHCHORDSarenothi
ngmor eorlessthanat r
iadover
anobvi
ousbassnot
e,anyinv
ersi
ons,rootclose-
voicedor
l
ow.
Thegest
urei
sbor
rowedf
rom r
ockandpopmusi
c.
Popmusicisessenti
all
ytri
adicinchar
act
erandt
hisi
s
ref
lect
edi
nthewayiti
snotated.
Popchar tsar
eof
tencomposedenti
rel
yoft
ri
ads(wit
hthe
occasionaldomi
nant 7t
h) and si
mple di
atoni
c sl
ash
chords.
Thesl
ashchor
dst
ypi
cal
l
yindi
cat
ea3r
dor5t
hint
hebass
(egC/
EorC/G)
Lef
t•E
Ri
ght•CEG
Lef
t•G
Ri
ght
•CEG
Asuschor
d(egF/GforG7sus)orar
eusedjusttoindi
cat
e
st
epwi
semotioni
nthebassli
nebetweenchords.
Lef
t•G
Ri
ght
•FAC
Theyar
eal
sousedt
oindi
cat
emor
ecompl
exhar
monyi
na

33
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

si
mpli
fi
edtri
adi
cmanner–Fm/
D,f
ori
nst
ance,i
nst
eadof
D∅(hal
fdi
m7)
Lef
t•D
Ri
ght
•FAbC
orA/
F#f
orF#m7
Lef
t•F#
Ri
ght
•ACE
Thi
sclean-
cuttr
iadi
csoundmayseem tamet oj
azzear
s,
butdon’
tdi
smissitoutofhand–i
thasi
tsuses.
Ther
earelotsofpossi
bil
i
tiesforusi
ngmor eadv
ent
urous
sl
ashchordsinajazzcontext
,butarguabl
ythet
womost
usef
ular
e:
E/
C
Lef
t•C
Ri
ght
•EAbB
Bb/
C
Lef
t•C
Ri
ght
•BbDF
gi
vi
ngC∆+5andC7sus(
9)r
espect
ivel
y.

34
 PROPERTYOFPI
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CHUB

I
t’scommont oplayt
ri
adexpansi
onsand,part
icul
arl
yon
thesusvoi
cing,t
orei
nfor
cethebassrootwi
thanoctave,
5th,9t
hor10th–asinthesusvoi
cing.
Thesesussl
ashchor
ds,whenclose-
voi
ced,al
sowor
kas
minor11t
hchor
dsontherel
atedI
I–
i
nthecaseofBb/
C,Gm11:
Youcanalsousef ull
erchor
dsoverabassnote,
orchor
ds
ontopofotherchords(knownaspol
ychor
ds).
Somecommonexampl
es:
B/F=F7b9(
andAb7b9,B7b9,D7b9)pl
ust
hedi
mini
shed
l
ot)

Gm7/C=C7sus(agoodwayoft
hinki
ngofsuschordsi
s
asaII
-Vi
nonechor
d–C7susF∆i sasubst
it
uteforGm7
C7F∆)
Lef
t•C
Ri
ght
•GBbDF
Bb∆/
C=C7sus13
Lef
t•C
Ri
ght
•BbDF#Ab

35
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

G∅/ C=C7susb9(
thi
sisoneconv
eni
entwaytothi
nkof
susb9chor
ds–C7susb9i
saG∅ C7b9pr
ogr
essi
oninone
chord)
Lef
t•C
Ri
ght
•GBbC#
D=C∆+4,D7susandallt
heotherchor
dsf r
om Gmaj
orC
andGmel
odicminor(
NBat r
iadoverat
riad)
Lef
t•D
Ri
ght
•
Abm =F7b9(
andAb7b9,B7b9,D7b9)(
NBat
ri
adov
era
chor
d)
These voi
cings ar
e often wr
it
ten i
nto par
ts ei
thert
o
speci
fyaspecif
icvoi
cing.

36
 PROPERTYOFPI
ANOSHEDMUSI
CHUB

THANKSFORPURCHASI
NGTHEEBOOK
PI
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