LESSON 3:
GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS: SCIENCE, HEALTH
AND POLITICS
WHAT IS THE GMO?
GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS (GMO)
❑ Is any organism whose
genetic material has been
altered using genetic
engineering techniques.
GENETIC ENGINEERING:
Genetic engineering is a technique for tailoring an
organism's
characteristics to its surroundings to alter its Genomes. It is
a process by putting a new genes from one species into
another, and create a completely unrelated species.
most common applications of genetic
engineeringCROPS FARM ANIMALS
BACTERIA
EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 430 OF 1990
Former Philippine PresidentCorazon C.Aquinosigned Executive orderNo. 430of 1990,a regulation
assessingGMOs. This ExecutiveOrder establishes the composition,duties,andresponsibilitiesof the
NationalCommitteeon Biosafetyof the Philippines (NCBP), whichisattached totheDepartmentof
ScienceandTechnology. Theyareauthorized
toperform activities suchas identifyingandevaluating
potential hazards involvedin initiatinggenetic engineering
experiments.
Pest resistance & GMO’s rate
Virus resistance in Food and
Agricultural
Industries Herbicide
preservation Increase growth tolerance
Cosmetic Fortification
GMOs in Non-Food Crops
and Microorganisms
❑ Flower production
❑ Paper production
❑ Pharmaceutical productions
Bioremediation
❑ Enzyme and drug
production ❑ GMOs in the
medical field
GMO’s in the Philippine
Context
❑ In 2006, the Philippines became part of the
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety.
❑ In 2010, the Organic Agriculture Act was issued,
encouraging organic agriculture than GMO related
❑ In 1998, National Committee on Biosafety of agriculture.
the Philippines developed the guidelines on the
planned release of GMOs and potentially harmful ❑ In 2012, Representative Teddy Casiño, together with
exotic species. other congressmen, filed a bill pushing for the
mandatory labeling of GM food and food products.
❑ In 2002, the Department of Agriculture
released the guideline for the importation and ❑ In December 2015, the Supreme Court ordered to put
an end to the field testing of GMO Bt eggplant.
release into the environment of GM plants and
plant products. ❑ On March 7, 2016, five government agencies passed
a Joint Department Circular No. 1, series of 2016 on
❑ In 2004, the Philippines was classified by rules and regulations for the research and development,
International Service for acquisition of agri handling and use, transboundary movement, release in
biotech applications as one of the 14 biotech mega the environment, and management of the genetically
countries. modified plant and plant products derived from the use
of modern biotechnology.
GMO’s in the Philippine
Context
BENEFITS OF GMO’S-
GENETICALLY MODIFIED
ORGANISMS
Higher efficiency in farming, GMOs enable farmers of all sizes to
grow more crops on less land by using fewer pesticides and water.
And because of the efficiency, it Increases in harvesting, of farmers
because GMO crops have improved soil fertility while also reducing
pesticide use. By combining these two strategies, we can produce
more food with fewer resources. By Control infertility, Better growth
can be achieved by controlling the purity of hybrid seeds. It also
Increases food processing and Improves desirable characteristics;
GMO crops have modified characteristics that make food processing
easier. And usually, Plants and microorganisms with GMOs have a
longer shelf life, improved color, and taste, and lastly would be it is
Nutritional and pharmaceutical enhancement Nutritionally enhanced
foods improve an individual's nutrient intake, preventing and/or
treating leading causes of death such as cancer, diabetes,
cardiovascular disease, and hypertension.
Potential Risks of GMOs
GMOs are still unknown for mutation in organisms for
long-term effects, since Genetic engineering is still a
young branch of science. GMO intake by humans can
have negative effects: More allergic reactions, mutations
in genes, antibiotic tolerance, and nutritional value.
Since GMOs are not created naturally or organically. It
has the potential to confuse the balance of
microorganisms in the human digestive system. Toxin
and Allergens production can be harmful to human
health.
Biosafety on GMOs
• "Biosafety" refers to the policy and procedure
based mechanism for ensuring the
environmentally safe implementation of
biotechnology that leads to the development of
Genetically Modified Organisms.
• There are developed principles and treaties
that somehow ensure biosafety on GMOs and
some of these initiatives are as follows: The
Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex)
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety International
Trade Agreement on labeling of GM food and
food products
Potential Risks of GMOs
• GMOs are still unknown for mutation in organisms for
long-term effects, since Genetic engineering is still a
young branch of science. GMO intake by humans can
have negative effects: More allergic reactions, mutations in
genes, antibiotic tolerance, and nutritional value. Since
GMOs are not created naturally or organically. It has the
potential to confuse the balance of microorganisms in the
human digestive system. Toxin and Allergens production
can be harmful to human health.
4,000,
300 Big numbers catch your
audience’s attention
THANKS!
Introduction
Jupiter is the biggest
planet in the Solar System
and the fourth-brightest
object in the night sky
“ This is a quote. Words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired.”
—Someone Famous
Our Teaching Method
Feedback &
Evaluation
Saturn is composed mostly Jupiter is a gas giant and the
Activities of hydrogen and helium biggest planet in the Solar
Despite being red, Mars is a System
cold place full of iron oxide dust Goals
What Sets Us Apart
Mercury Neptune Mars
Despite being red, Mars is Neptune is the fourth Jupiter is a gas giant and
actually a cold place full of largest planet in the Solar the biggest planet in the
iron oxide dust System Solar System
Initial Content 1
60% Content 2
Content 3
Content 4
Advanced 40% Content 5
Content 6
The Curriculum
Mars Venus Mercury
Mars is actually a cold place Venus is the second It’s the closest
planet from the Sun planet to the Sun
Jupiter
It’s the biggest planet of them all
Saturn Neptune
Saturn is a gas giant It’s the farthest planet from the
Academic and has rings Sun
Areas
Our Mission and Vision
System
Mission
Mercury is the
Vision
closest planet to the Sun and Venus has a
the beautiful name and is the
smallest one in the Solar second planet from the Sun.
It’s terribly hot
Reliability
Our Values Venus is the second
planet from the Sun
Loyalty
Mercury is a bit larger
than the Moon
Efficiency
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place
Commitment
Neptune the farthest planet from the Sun
800K 900K
Despite being red, Mars is Saturn is
actually a cold planet composed of
hydrogen and
Our Success helium
54% Saturn stats Statistics
78%
Neptune stats
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Jupiter is the biggest
planet in the Solar
System and the
fourth-brightest
object in the night sky
Our Teachers
John James Jane
Patt Jenna Doe
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Mars It has several rings
It’s a cold place
Jupiter
Saturn
Our
It’s the biggest one Venus
It’s quite hot Pluto
Goals Neptune
It’s the farthest one
It’s a dwarf planet
Student Process
smallest planet Jupiter is the Despite being red, Mars
1st Term biggest planet is a cold place
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Mercury is the 3rd Term 4th Term
Saturn is a gas giant and has rings
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