Vision Objectives of Physical Education:

The University of Choice for higher learning 1. Physical development -Through the
with strong research orientation that produces carefully selected physical education
professionals who are socially responsive to activities, an individual who participates
and responsible for human development; actively will develop and maintain a high
ecological sustainability; and peace and level of physical fitness.
security within and beyond the region. 2. Social development - Participation in the
physical education activities provides
Mission
opportunities for the development of
The Western Mindanao State University, set in desirable social traits needed for
a culturally diverse environment, shall pursue adjustment to the social life in general.
a vibrant socio-economic agenda that include: Some worthwhile traits are: friendliness,
cooperation, respects for the rights of
 A relevant instruction paradigm in the others, good sportsmanship’s, good
education and training of competent leadership and fellowship, honesty in
and responsive human resource for group competition, etc.
societal and industry needs; 3. Emotional development - The informal
 A home for intellectual formation that nature of physical education is such that
generates knowledge for people they provide relaxation and relief from
empowerment, social transformation the strain and tensions of the
and sustainable development; and; schoolwork, and opportunities for self-
 A hub where science, technology and expression and emotional traits that can
innovation flourish enriched by the be developed are self-confidence, self-
wisdom of the Arts and Letters, and control, self-reliance, courage,
Philosophy. determination, etc.
4. Mental development - Through
Physical education defines in many ways:
participation in physical education
1. Physical education as a process activities, the individual develops his
through which an individual obtains mental capacities as he learns the
optimal mental, social, and fitness mechanical principles underlying
skills through physical activities. movements, as he acquires knowledge
2. Physical education as an education and understanding of rules and strategies
through physical activities. of games and sports, and as he discovers
3. Physical education is planned way of improving his movements in
sequential instruction that promotes gymnastics and dances.
lifelong physical activity. It is
DEFINITION OF DANCE
designed to develop basic movement
skills, sports skills and physical fitness Lincoln Kirstein - the English word dance is
as well as to enhance mental and related to the French danse’ which is believed
emotional abilities. to have been derived from the ancient High
4. Physical education (often abbreviated German word danson, meaning to “stretch
Phys. Ed., P.E., or PE) or gymnastics “or “drag”.
(gym or gym class) is an educational
course related to the physique of the Rhythmic activities – are the physical
human body, taken during primary and manifestation of the mental and emotional
secondary education that encourages response of the individual to rhythm.
psychomotor learning in a play or Every individual has rhythm, it is found in all
movement exploration setting to of nature. Rhythmic activities are the source of
promote health. enjoyment for people of all ages. Through
5. Physical education as an integral part these activities skills and the sense of rhythm
of the education program design to are acquired and developed,
promote the optimum development of
an individual physically, emotionally, Everyone reacts to music or rhythm in one
mentally, and socially, through total form or another.
body movements in the performance  Head swaying
of properly selected physical  Foot tapping
activities.
  Fingers snapping by most people. Most popular dance has
 Shoulder to body moving while music simple foot patterns and obvious body
is played are physical reaction movements that allow for personal
interpretation. These dances come and go
BRIEF HISTORY OF DANCE
with the general public and do not last
Dance was a functional means of survival. long enough to be considered as
Since the beginning of time, humans depended ballroom dance.
on natural phenomena on the rain to grow 7. BALLROOM OR SOCIAL DANCE-
plants, on the regular succession of seasons, any dance designed to bring people
and on the reproduction of animals. Primitive together for group participation,
people feared sickness, death, hunger, drought, enjoyment ad n socialization. A style of
storms, and the spirits of the dead, both human partner dance which originated in the
and animal. Worship was an expression of the western world and now is enjoyed both
dependence of humans on power outside socially and competitively around the
themselves. the power to communicate with globe.
and manipulate the unseen powers that
Introduction to Jazz
controlled their lives was engendered by the
magic of rituals and ceremonies and rituals Dance In the beginning-was the beat. From the
that the oldest of the art has emerged the moment that our universe began, assuming
dance. Primitive people were keen observers such a moment existed, there was motion,
of the animal life around them. They which pre-supposes the existence of rhythm.
reproduce the movements of the birds and Rhythm, in terms of the human experience, is
animals in the art of the period. These dance- the visual or aural perception of any type of
like movements were models for the mimetic deliberate movement pattern that is part of that
movement used in primitive rituals. experience. Rhythm has shaped the support
and the impetus for many forms of human
Forms of Dance
expression. Dance is considered by many
1. FOLK DANCE- revels the distinct historians to be one of the most fundamental of
tradition, dress and character of these expressive forms, functioning as an
nationality and handed down from one emotional release, a means of connecting to
generation to generation. and drawing power from nature, a mode of
2. JAZZ DANCE- is a combination of worship, and as an expression of sexual drive
European and American dance or initiation into the adult community of the
characterized by syncopated and tribe.
complex rhythms. Today, Jazz dance
Jazz dance is just beginning to be recognized
combined with their heritage with
as a viable artistic medium. Throughout this
modern dance and frequently referred to
century, a path has been forged by a few jazz
modern jazz dance.
dance pioneers who have developed and
3. BALLET- supreme classical forms of
codified their movement methodology and
dance. Movements are performed
inscribed their style on other dancers through
standing in place, springing or lifting
training programs and choreography.
into the air or travelling through space.
The classical nature is recognized with Know it or not, you see jazz dance all over the
strong vertical alignment of the body as place, from television shows and movies to
the turned-out position of the legs. music videos and commercials. People enjoy
4. TAP DANCE- a dance characterized by watching jazz dancers, as the dance moves and
the distinct heel and toe movements. techniques are fun and energetic. Jazz dancing
Thus feature of the dance form are fast is a form that showcases a dancer's originality.
footwork and frequent body movements. All jazz dancers interpret and execute moves
5. MODERN CREATIVE – emerged as a and steps in their own way. This type of
new form of dance from the traditions of dancing consists of fancy footwork, big leaps,
ballet thus forming an expressive range and quick turns. To excel in jazz, dancers need
of body motion. Dancers discover and a strong background in ballet, as it encourages
create a new movement relative to space, grace and balance
tempo, flow and continuity of the force.
Brief History of Jazz
6. POPULAR DANCE- refers to the
formed of social dance currently favored
 Early roots of jazz dance came from and complex rhythms. Today, Jazz dance
African culture imported by slaves. In Africa, combined with their heritage with modern
natives danced to celebrate cycles of life: birth, dance and frequently referred to modern jazz
puberty, marriage, and death. Children, adults dance.
and the elderly all depended on dance to
express their cultural beliefs. Drums, string
instruments, chimes, reed pipes and other Jazz Dance Artists
percussion instruments set the beat for the
dancers. Jack Cole- the father of jazz dance (1911-
February 17, 1974) was an American dancer,
Jazz dance evolved from early African choreographer, and theatre director known as
American vernacular dances during the early the father of theatrical jazz dance. He studied
1900s. It incorporated unique moves, elaborate the Indian dance form Bharata Natyam and
footwork, large leaps, rapid turns, and used other ethnic material in his dances. The
imaginative improvisation to bring an Jack Cole Dancers performed in nightclubs in
energetic and entertaining experience. Jazz the late 1930s, including the Rainbow Room.
dance requires the foundation of classical
ballet to embody balance and agility. Jazz Katherine Mary Dunham- also known as
dance is viewed in the spotlight with movies, Kaye Dunn, (June 22, 1909 – May 21, 2006)
on stage performances, and in urban areas of was an African-American dancer,
the streets and clubs. The transformation of choreographer, author, educator,
jazz dance into dance theatre and the important anthropologist, and social activist. Dunham
role of professional techniques and had one of the most successful dance careers
choreography, created “modern jazz dance”. in African American and European theatre of
the 20th century, and directed her own dance
Traditional company for many years. She has been called
the "matriarch and queen mother of black
During the years of slavery in the US,
dance.
the Slave Act of 1740 prohibited slaves from
playing African drums or performing African Isadora Duncan (1879-1927)- born at San
dances, however this did not suppress their Francisco in 1879 and died in 1927. She was
much needed physical and emotional outlet. the earth mother of modern dance.
With stamping and rapid footwork, the
clapping and patting of hands against the body, Martha Graham- the greatest American
the improvisational movements were the ways choreographer and an international cultural
they expressed themselves. This style was later influenced in field.
on part of the Vernacular dance style. Jazz Dance Styles
In 1920s, American whites noticed 1. Lyrical Jazz - influenced by ballet,
that they took a liking into the music and use the entire body and flowing
dances the slaves had created. Soon followed, quality.
white entertainers parodied their way of life 2. Musical Comedy or Theater Jazz -
and popularized the African style of dance and usually performed on Broadway stage
music. and Incorporates props.
Modern 3. West Coast Jazz- hip isolations,
shoulder shrugs and head rolls,
Jazz dance took on a metamorphosis walking, hand clapping, finger
during the 1950s with innovators such as snapping and body isolations.
Katherine Dunham, Jake Cole, and Bob Fosse. 4. Latin Jazz- influenced by Latin music
It drew demands for studio instructors and and Latin social dance, footwork is
created a rival to the fashionable classical fast and syncopated, body is loose and
ballet. Jazz music and dance were also infused controlled.
with Broadway musicals and gained 5. Afro Jazz- stems from African
mainstream popularity with Chicago and movements explored by Katherine
Cabaret. dunham in the 1940s.it is often
combining with ethnic dances of the
What is Jazz Dance?
Caribbean island like African
Jazz Dance is a combination of European and movements, primitive, legs in plié,
American dance characterized by syncopated
 barefoot and drum and percussive Classically trained dancers developed
instruments. these studio styles to create choreography from
6. Hip-hop- consist of popping, locking, the hip-hop dances that were performed on the
strutting, freestyle, and commercial street. Because of this development, hip-hop
moves. dance is practiced in both dance studios and
7. Contemporary/Modern Jazz- is outdoor spaces.”
heavily influenced by modern dance, it
Hip hop dancing is thought to have
is uses body contractions, flexed feet,
officially begun in New York City during the
and off centered body shapes, which
late 1960s and early 70s. During this time,
are reflective of modern dance
individuals without professional dance training
techniques.
but with a natural instinct for movement
Clothing brought dancing to the streets. A dance form
meant to be popular in the original sense of the
 Leotards word, meaning that it was for the people and
 Tights not for the academy,
 Dance belt
 Jazz pants HISTORY OF HIP HOP
 Male – t-shirt or tank tops The word “hip” was used as African
Shoes American Vernacular English (AAVE) as
early as 1904. the colloquial language meant
leather, canvas, jazz sandal, suede-strapped “informed” or “current” and was likely derived
sandal, jazz sneaker, dance trainer shoe from the earlier form hep. Hip-hop dance
refers to street dance styles primarily
Fundamental movements common to all
performed to hiphop music or that have
dances
evolved as part of hip-hop culture. It includes
Fundamental locomotor movements - a wide range of styles primarily breaking,
movements through space as one go from one locking, and popping which were created in
place to another. the 1970s and made popular by dance crews in
the United States.
 Walk
 Run In its earliest form, it began as
 Hop elaborations on James Brown’s “Good Foot”
 Jump dance which came out in 1972. Breaking at
this period was not primarily floor oriented as
 Leap
seen today;
 Skip
 Slide It started out as top rock which
 Kick dancers perform while standing up. An
influence on top rock was up rock which was
Fundamental non locomotor movements an created in Brooklyn, New York. Up rock looks
axial movement occur in space but do not similar to top rock, but it is more aggressive
carry the body through space from one place to and looks like a fight. It is also performed with
another, they are restricted movements which partners, but in top rock and in breaking in
originate from a stationary base. Like standing, general each person takes turns dancing.
sitting, kneeling and lying
n 1973, DJ Kool Herc invented the
 Swinging break beat. A break beat is a rhythmic, musical
 Stretching interlude of a song that has been looped over
 Swaying and over again to extend that instrumental
 Bending solo. Kool Herc did this to provide a means for
 Pulling dancers who attended his parties to
 Twisting demonstrate their skills. B-boy and b-girl
 Shaking stands for “break-boy” and “break-girl”; b-
 Striking boys and b-girls dance to the break of the
record.
HIP HOP/ STREETDANCE
Further influenced by martial arts and
Introduction gymnastics, breaking went from being a purely
upright dance style-- toprock only—to Are writtings or scribbled that has been
becoming more floor-oriented. scribbled, scratched or painted illicitly on a
wall or other surface, often within public view.
At the same time breaking was
It ranges from simple written words to
developing in New York, other styles were
elaborate wall paintings. In modern times,
being created in California. The funk styles
Paint particularly Spray paint and marker pens
refers to several street dance styles created in
have become the most commonly used grafitti
California in the 1970s such as roboting,
materials. Grafitti may also express undrlying
bopping, hitting, locking, bustin’, popping,
socuial and political message and a whole
electric boogaloo, strutting, sac-ing, and dime-
genre of artisirtc expression is based upon
stopping.
spray paint grafitti styles. In some countries it
Out of all of these dances, boogaloo is is considered as vandalism which is punishable
one of the oldest. It started out as a 1960s fad by law. Within HipHop culture, grafitti haave
dance and was the subject of several songs evolved alongside Hip Hop music, b boying
released during that time such as “Do the and other elements
Boogaloo” and “My Baby Likes to Boogaloo”.
2. DJ’ING
From being a fad, it developed into a dance
style called electric boogaloo and a music A D J (acronyl for Disc Jockey) is a person
genre called Latin boogaloo. who mixes different sources of pre existing
recorded music as it is playing, usually for a
The most popular and widely
live audience in a night club or dance club or
practiced of the funk styles are locking and
via broadcasting. They also create mixes,
popping. The television show Soul Train
remixes and tracks that are recorded for later
played a large role in giving these styles
sale and distribution. In Hip Hop music, a DJs
commercial exposure.Both the Lockers and the
may create beats, using percussion breaks,
Electric Boogaloos—dance crews responsible
basslines and other musical content sampled
for the spread of locking and popping—
from pre existing records. Rappers and MCs
performed on this show.It is historically
use these beats to rap over
inaccurate to say that the funk styles were
always considered hip-hop. The funk styles 3. RAPING
were adopted into hip-hop in large part due to
(Rhyming, spitting, emceeing, Mcing)
the media.
Is a musical form of vocal delivery that
Once hip-hop activist and DJ, Afrika
incorporates, rhyme, rhythmic speech and
Bambaataa, used the word “hip-hop” in a
street vernacular, which is performed or
magazine interview in 1982, “hip-hop dance”
chanted in a variety of ways, usually over a
became an umbrella term encompassing all of
backbeat or musical accompaniment.
these styles. Due to the amount of attention
locking and popping were receiving, the media COMPONENTS OF RAP
brought these styles under the “breakdance”
label causing confusion about their origin. A. CONTENT: what is being
They were created on the west coast said, Flow (rhyme, rhythm)
independent from breaking and were originally B. DELIVERY: cadence, tone.
danced to funk music rather than hip-hop Rap differs from spoken – word poetry for it is
music. usually performed in time to an instrument
As breaking, locking, and popping track. It is often associated with and is a
gained popularity in the 1980s, hip-hop social primary ingredient of HIP HOP music.
dancing(party dancing) was starting to ANTHONY DJ HOLLYWOOD form
develop. Novelty and fad dances such as Harlem New York is the person credited for
Roger Rabbit, the Cabbage Patch, and the originating the style of delivering rhymes over
worm appeared in the 1980s followed by the extensive music. Rap is usually delivered over
humpty dance and the Running Man in the a beat typically provided by a DJ, turntablist,
1990s. The music of the day was the driving Beatboxer, or performed A Capella without
force in the development of these dances. accompaniment
ELEMENTS OF HIP HOP 4. BREAK DANCING ( Breaking, B –
1. GRAFFITI Boying)
 Is an athletic style of street dance. It Popping was created in Fresno,
mainly consists of four kinds of movements; California in the 1970s and popularized by
top rock, downrock, powermoves adn freezes. Samuel “Boogaloo Sam” Solomon and his
It is typically set to hip hop, funk and crew the Electric Boogaloos. It is based on the
breakbeat music. technique of quickly contracting and relaxing
muscles to cause a jerk in a dancer’s body,
The dance style originated primarily
referred to as a pop or a hit. Each hit should be
among Puerto Rican And African American
synchronized to the rhythm and beats of the
youths. (Many of them are former members of
music.
the Black Spades, young Spades or the Baby
Spades) during the mod 70s in the Bronx. The Popping is also used as an umbrella
dance spread worldwide due to popularity in term to refer to a wide range of closely related
the media, especially in regions such as illusionary dance styles such as strobing,
Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, liquid, animation, twisto-flex and waving.
south Korea, and the United Kingdom.A Dancers often integrate these styles with
practitioner of this dance is called a B – Boy, standard popping to create a more varied
B – Girl or breaker. performance.
BREAK DANCING GENRE
A. BREAK DANCE/ B -BOYING OLD SCHOOL
Breaking was created in the South 14 Steps of an Old-School Hip-Hop Dances
Bronx, New York City during the early 1970s.
A. The Heavy D Shake
It is the first hip-hop dance style. At the time
of its creation, it was the only hip-hop dance Shake moves from the right – left with a
style because Afrika Bambaataa classified it as single-single double-double step.
one of the five pillars of hip-hop culture along
with MCing (rapping), Djing (turntablism), B. The Humpy Dance
graffiti writing, and knowledge. The Humpty Dance came later more in the
Though African Americans created Silver age of Hip Hop but its popularity made
breaking, Puerto Ricans maintained its growth me include it on the list, the reason it’s higher
and development when it was considered a fad than Hev was because this one you could
in the late 1970s. Breaking includes four actually do with a female and it had its own
foundational dances: toprock, footwork- song with it.
oriented steps performed while standing up; C. The Robocop
downrock, footwork performed with both
hands and feet on the floor; freezes, stylish The Robocop was dope it linked into a lot of
poses done on your hands; and power moves, other moves and dance steps… it was basically
complex and impressive acrobatic moves. the Robot breaking and powering down or
back up.
5. LOCKING
D. The Running Man
Locking, originally called
Campbellocking, was created in 1969 in Los The Running Man is a classic but it’s diluted
Angeles, California by Don “Campbellock” and made into a joke (Much like the Cabbage
Campbell and popularized by his crew The patch) which is why I’m putting it this low and
Lockers. At the 2009 World Hip Hop Dance because you really couldn’t do that with
Championships, Basil became the first female another person, you looked dumb.
recipient of the Living Legend Award in honor
E. The Troop
of her role in giving locking commercial
exposure. Locking looks similar to popping, The Troop was awesome, it was almost like
and the two are frequently confused by the stationary running man but you could also
casual observer. In locking, dancers hold their move forward with it as well…
position longer. The lock is the primary move
used in locking. It is “similar to a freeze or a F. The Steve Martin
sudden pause”. Invented by Steve Martin, this dance move is a
6. POPPING movement developed from the actor’s move in
a 1980’s film.
G. The Roger Rabbit
You may not know it, but one of the silliest
dance move you’ve probably seen out around
town actually has a name. It is called the
Roger Rabbit and this is done with style and as
part of a good dance routine.
H. The Reebok
The Reebok is a dance that a lot of people did
but didn’t know it was called the reebok, the
key to the reebok was what you did in the
middle, you had to shake it up and make it
funky!
I. The Biz Dance
The Biz Dance created by the Diabolical Biz
Markie (The Inhuman Orchestra) one of the
funkiest dances out.

J. The Cabbage Patch

The Cabbage patch has been played for a
while and definitely made fun of. It was very
popular and easy to do.
K. The Fila
The Fila was a mix of the Cabbage Patch and
something else it was side to side with a dip.
L. The Wop
The Wop is the dance point blank period. If
you ever did the Wop… you still do the wop.
When your song comes on, you do the Wop
People who never did the wop.. Does the wop
it’s the easiest of the dances, and when you
make it funky with the arms it’s incredible…
when you start with the two arm’s you’re
working but when you really get into it and put
one hand on your hip and have the other arms
going that’s when you’re getting it in.
M. The Prep
You checked the mirror, dusted off your
shoulders, cleaned your clothes, mushed your
partners faced, put your nose in the air, that
wing flap thing you did with your arms some
of everything..
N. The Smurf
The Smurf is another dance that people did
forever and didn’t know that’s what it was.
Many people have copied it and tried to make
it their own, now it’s a big part of the non-
dancer’s two-step