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Optical Instruments

The document describes several optical instruments - telescopes, microscopes, ophthalmoscopes, cameras, binoculars, and projectors. Telescopes use lenses or mirrors to magnify distant objects. Microscopes use lenses to magnify very small objects like cells. Ophthalmoscopes allow viewing of the eye's interior structures. Cameras encode and store digital images. Binoculars use two aligned telescopes for binocular vision. Projectors project images onto surfaces using lenses or lasers.

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Jane Pangilinan
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276 views

Optical Instruments

The document describes several optical instruments - telescopes, microscopes, ophthalmoscopes, cameras, binoculars, and projectors. Telescopes use lenses or mirrors to magnify distant objects. Microscopes use lenses to magnify very small objects like cells. Ophthalmoscopes allow viewing of the eye's interior structures. Cameras encode and store digital images. Binoculars use two aligned telescopes for binocular vision. Projectors project images onto surfaces using lenses or lasers.

Uploaded by

Jane Pangilinan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

THEIR USES AND FUNCTIONS

1) TELESCOPE
An optical instrument designed to make distant objects appear nearer, containing an
arrangement of lenses, or of curved mirrors and lenses, by which rays of light are collected and
focused and the resulting image magnified.
USES
An optical telescope which uses lenses is known as a refracting telescope or a refractor; one
which uses a mirror is known as a reflecting telescope or a reflector. Besides optical telescopes,
astronomers also use telescopes that focus radio waves, X-rays, and other forms of
electromagnetic radiation.
FUNCTIONS
The main purpose of astronomical telescope is to make objects from outer space appear as
bright, contrasty and large as possible. That defines its three main function: light gathering,
resolution and magnification.

2) MICROSCOPE
An optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as mineral samples or animal
or plant cells, typically magnified several hundred times.
USES
It uses lenses in order to magnify the objects so that it can be seen through the naked eye. A
microscope is of different types: Visible-light microscope Also known as optical or light
microscope. It uses visible light as the source and can be used to view objects as small as 0.2
microns.
FUNCTIONS
The compound microscope has two systems of lenses for greater magnification, 1) the ocular, or
eyepiece lens that one looks into and 2) the objective lens, or the lens closest to the object.

3) OPHTHALMOSCOPE
An instrument used to view the optic disk, retina, macula, and choroid in the back of the eye. It
is typically used in routine exams and is important in determining the health of the retina and
the vitreous humor.
USES
Ophthalmoscopy, also called funduscopy, is a test that allows a health professional to see inside
the fundus of the eye and other structures using an ophthalmoscope (or funduscope). It is done
as part of an eye examination and may be done as part of a routine physical examination.

FUNCTIONS
It provides a wider view of the inside of the eye. Furthermore, it allows a better view of the
fundus of the eye, even if the lens is clouded by cataracts. An indirect ophthalmoscope can be
either monocular or binocular. It is used for peripheral viewing of the retina.

4) CAMERA
A camera is an optical instrument for recording or capturing images, which may be stored
locally, transmitted to another location, or both. The images may be individual still photographs
or sequences of images constituting videos or movies.
USES
Encodes digital images and videos digitally and stores them for later reproduction. Most
cameras sold today are digital, and digital cameras are incorporated into many devices ranging
from mobile phones to vehicles.
FUNCTIONS
A shutter mechanism controls the length of time that light can enter the camera. Most
photographic cameras have functions that allow a person to view the scene to be recorded,
allow for a desired part of the scene to be in focus, and to control the exposure so that it is not
too bright or too dim.

5) BINOCULAR
Binoculars or field glasses are two telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point in the
same direction, allowing the viewer to use both eyes when viewing distant objects. Most are
sized to be held using both hands, although sizes vary widely from opera glasses to large
pedestal mounted military models.
USES
Binocular telescopes, or binoculars, (also known as field glasses) are two identical or mirror-
symmetrical telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point accurately in the same
direction, allowing the viewer to use both eyes ( Binocular vision) when viewing distant
objects.
FUNCTIONS
Binoculars or field glasses are two telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point in the
same direction, allowing the viewer to use both eyes (binocular vision) when viewing distant
objects.

6) PROJECTOR
An optical device that projects an image onto a surface, commonly a projection screen. Most
projectors create an image by shining a light through a small transparent lens, but some newer
types of projectors can project the image directly, by using lasers.
USES
Projects an image (or moving images) onto a surface, commonly a projection screen. Most
projectors create an image by shining a light through a small transparent lens, but some newer
types of projectors can project the image directly, by using lasers.
FUNCTIONS
A projector or image projector is an optical device that projects an image (or moving images)
onto a surface, commonly a projection screen. Most projectors create an image by shining a
light through a small transparent lens, but some newer types of projectors can project the image
directly, by using lasers.

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