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Military courtesy and discipline
Military Courtesy and Discipline1. Respect for Seniors2. The Hand Salute3. Types of Salutes4.
Whom to Salute5. When to Salute6. How to Salute7. When not to Salute8. Do’s and Don’ts of
Saluting9. Distance for Saluting10. Saluting the Flag in Civilian Attire
Whom to Salute
a) Commissioned officers of the Navy, Army, Air Force, the National Flag, and National
Anthem.
b) Officer of Foreign Armed Services governments which are recognized by the Philippines.
c) Officers of the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Public Health Service when they are
serving the AFP.
d) All civilians who entitled, by reason of their position, to gun salutes of other honors, are also
entitled by the custom to the salute.

When to Salute

a) Aboardship – When boarding a navy ship

which the National Flag is flying, all persons in
the naval science step upon reaching the upper
platform of the accommodation ladder or
shipboard end of the prow, face the national Flag and salute. After this, salute the Officer of the
Deck (OOD). When leaving the ship, salute first the OOD and the National Flag. All Officers
and enlisted personnel on board a navy ship salute all flag officers, captains of ship, and officer’s
seniors to themselves from other on every occasion of meeting, passing near, or when being
addressed.
b) In boats
b.1 men seated in boats in which there is no officer, petty officer or acting petty officer in charge,
rise and salute all officers passing near. When an officer, petty or acting petty officers is in
charge of the boat, he alone renders the salute.

b.2 Officers seated in boats rise in rendering and returning salutes when a senior enters or leaves
the boat or when acknowledging a gun salute.
b.3 Coxswains in charge of boats rise and sa
lute all officers entering or leaving the boat. All members of the crew when the boat is not
underway and not carrying an officer aboard stand and salute when an officer comes alongside,
leaves the side, or passes near them. If the boat awning is spread, the men sit at attention and
render the hand salute without rising.

c) In building ashore – In Navy building ashore, the same general rules of saluting apply as on
board navy ship. Salute the captain and all officers senior to you on all occasions, salute other
officers on first meeting during the day. The salute also rendered indoors during ceremonies
honoring the flag and in court martial.
d) In civilian clothes – Senior should be saluted (when recognized) while wearing civilian
clothes. Officers in civilian attire do so, therefore, one should not discriminate about following
the rule.
e) In a group – if officers and enlisted men are standing together not in formation, and a senior
approach, the first to see him shouts “attention” and all faces him and salute. When in formation,
he warns his unit to attention before executing the appropriate salute’s) Accompanied by women
– when escorting women, both officers and men will render the customary salute. When seated
with women, junior officers if covered rise and salute when senior officers approach.
g) Overtaking and Accompanying with the Senior
g.1 overtake and pass senior officer only upon his permission. When it becomes necessary to
walk past a senior officer, pass on his left side, salute when you are abreast and ask, “By your
leave Sir?” When the officer returns the salute you can continue past him.
g.2 When in company with a senior, you always walk on his left or put him on your right. This
also applies when aboard a vehicle.
h) Reporting – When reporting on deck or outdoors ashore, one is covered and salute
accordingly. When reporting to an officer, he uncovers upon approaching the senior, salute and
state your business.
i) Seated – An enlisted man being seated and without particular occupation rises upon the
approach of an officer, faces him and salutes, if covered. If both remain in the same vicinity, the
salute need not be repeated.
j) Seniority unknown – Officers will know the relative seniority of those with whom they are in
frequent contact, the safest way and the best rule is to salute mutually and without delay.
k) Sentries – Sentries are gangways salute all officers going or coming over the side, and when
passing or being passed by officers close aboard in boats’) Vehicles – Officers and enlisted
personnel salute and senior officers riding in a vehicle both render and return the salutes. A
driver of a vehicle is required to salute if the vehicle is at halt.

How to Salute

a) Hand salute
a.1 When not walking, render the salute in the position of a soldier at attention. When walking,
continue and render the salute within a recognizable distance (5 paces).
a.2 The hand salute is rendered smartly and done in the following manner: The forearm should
be inclined 45 degrees. The tip of the forefinger should be slightly touching above the eyebrow
of the right eye, the thumb and fingers must be extended and joined. The upper arm is parallel to
the deck and elbow forward. Hand and wrist are in the straight-line formation. The palm is
slightly inward.
b) Rifle Salute – The three rifle salutes – present arms, at order arms, and shoulder arms. These
rifle salutes are used in place of the hand salute when carrying a rifle. They are used as follows:
b.1 You can execute present arms: - When standing in a sentry box, or on a post, and addressed
or approached by any person entitled to a salute. - When halted while on patrol to reply to or
address an officer. - When in ranks and so commanded, for example, at Colors.
b.2 You can give a rifle salute at order arms: - When standing sentry or guard duty by a door
inside a building (Present arms may also be required by competent authority. When there is
considerable traffic, the salute at order arms is usually more convenient) - When reporting a roll
call (if already at order arms) - When reporting individually to an officer, indoors.
b.3 You can give a rifle salute at shoulder arms: - When on patrol and passing without halting, a
person entitled to a salute. - When reporting a detail past an officer. - When reporting roll call (if
already at shoulder arms) - When reporting individually to an officer outdoors. - When going
individually to and from drill and passing any person entitled to a salute.
b.4 Saluting with a Sword: - When reporting to an officer or a non-commissioned officer during
drills or when rendering the report during the parades and reviews. - During the rendition of
honors by the Commander of the honor guard to the honoree. - During the parades when passing
before grandstand and the order “eyes right” is given, the salute with the sword is rendered to the
honoree.

When not to salute

a) When in ranks if addressed come to attention
b) When part of a detail at work.
c) In a public conveyance when obviously not appropriate.
d) When under actual or stimulated battle conditions.
e) When engaged in games or athletics
.f) At mess. If addressed by an officer, sit at attention.
g) “At Oars” in a pulling boat.
h) When carrying articles with both hands.
i) When serving as a member of the guard engaged in performance of a duty which prevent
saluting.

Do’s and Don’ts of Saluting

a) Always use your right hand in saluting. If it is occupied or so encumbered as to delay your
salute too long, you may use your left hand.
b) Accompanying your salute with cheerful and respectful greetings by saying “Good Morning,
Sir.” “Good afternoon, Captain.”
c) Before saluting, come to attention first. If “on the double,” come to a walk when saluting a
passing officer. You need not stop, but hold yourself erect.
d) Look directly at the person you are saluting.
e) If both of your hands are occupied, and are unable to salute, face the officer as though you
were saluting and greet him.
f) Never salute with a pipe cigar, cigarette in your mouth or chewing gum.
g) If you are in the company of an officer, salute with him at the same time.
h) Always salute an officer even if his hand are engaged and cannot return the salute.i) Prisoners
do not salute.
j) Salute is not given indoors. It is not only rendered in special cases like honoring the flag
during ceremonies, indoor or in a court martial.
k) One salute with a greeting will suffice for the same officer.

Distance for Saluting

a) The officer must pass near enough to be identified
b) The one who is initiating the salute should do so while he is about five (5) paces from the
officer to the later to have time to see and to return it.

Saluting the Flag in Civilian Attire

a) If you are with a hat, remove it with your right hand and hold it over your chest, with your
hand over your heart.
b) If you are not wearing a hat, place your right hand over your heart. Woman in civilian attire
salute in the same manner.

What is the different between courtesy

and discipline? Give 1 scenario for discipline and courtesy.
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