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Bruner's Learning Theory Overview

Bruner's theory of instruction is based on observations about how people learn. Key aspects include a spiral curriculum where concepts are revisited at increasing levels of difficulty, discovery learning where students explore and investigate, and categorization of knowledge. Children first learn through actions, then using models and pictures, and finally abstract symbols. The theory emphasizes structuring instruction for students' developmental levels and readiness to learn, allowing them to discover knowledge for themselves. Bruner identified four modes of representation for knowledge - enactive, iconic, symbolic - and different types of categories used for organizing information.

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April Matalote
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379 views20 pages

Bruner's Learning Theory Overview

Bruner's theory of instruction is based on observations about how people learn. Key aspects include a spiral curriculum where concepts are revisited at increasing levels of difficulty, discovery learning where students explore and investigate, and categorization of knowledge. Children first learn through actions, then using models and pictures, and finally abstract symbols. The theory emphasizes structuring instruction for students' developmental levels and readiness to learn, allowing them to discover knowledge for themselves. Bruner identified four modes of representation for knowledge - enactive, iconic, symbolic - and different types of categories used for organizing information.

Uploaded by

April Matalote
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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-Is basically a theory based on

observation and scientific study about


how people learn.
Representation
Spiral Curriculum
Discovery Learning
Categorization
Representation
 Enactive Representation
 Iconic Representation
 Symbolic Representation
Children learn about the world through
actions on physical objects and the
outcomes of these actions (i.e. riding,
bicycle and tying a knot, tasting the apple,
building blocks)
Learning can be
obtained through using
models and pictures.
 The learner has developed the ability
to think in abstract terms. This uses
symbol system to encode knowledge.
The most common symbol systems
are language and mathematical
notation.
Teachers must revisit the curriculum by
teaching the same content in different
ways depending on students’
developmental levels.
Principles of
instruction stated by
Bruner:
1. Instruction must be concerned with the experiences and
contexts that make the student willing and able to learn (
readiness)
2. Instruction must be structured so that it can be easily
grasped by the students ( spiral organization)
3. Instruction should be designed to facilitate extrapolation and
or fill in the gaps ( going beyond the information given)
Obtaining knowledge for oneself
The teacher plans and arranges activities
in such a way that students search,
manipulate, explore and investigate.
Four major aspects in
Bruner’s Theory
1. Predisposition to learn
- “readiness for learning”
2. Structure of Knowledge
-This refers to the ways in which a body of knowledge can
be structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the
learner
3. Effective sequencing
- No one sequencing will fit every learner, but in general, the
lesson can be presented in increasing difficulty.
4. Reinforcement
- Rewards and punishments should be selected and paced
appropriately.
4 things that specify
about objects
1. Criterial attributes- required characteristics for inclusion of
an object in a category.
2. Prescribes how the criterial attributes are combined.
3. Assigns weight to various properties.
4. Sets acceptance limits on attributes.
Several kinds of
categories
1. Identity categories
-categories include objects based on their attributes or features.
2. Equivalent categories
-Equivalence can be determined by affective criteria, which
render objects equivalent by emotional reactions, functional
criteria, based on related functions.
3. Coding Systems
- are categories that serve to recognize sensory input.
ACTIVIT
Y
Group Members:
Amistad, John Ray
Dumepnas, Juliet Mae
Labutan, Cleford
Tomeg, Florence
JMBD :D

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