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Lesson 5 - Definite Integral

1. The definite integral calculates the area under the curve between two limits, called the lower and upper limits. 2. Examples of definite integrals are calculated by evaluating the indefinite integral between the limits and simplifying. 3. U-substitution can be used to evaluate definite integrals involving trigonometric, exponential, or logarithmic functions by making a substitution to put the integral in terms of the variable u and its differential du.

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Ezra M. Mendoza
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117 views

Lesson 5 - Definite Integral

1. The definite integral calculates the area under the curve between two limits, called the lower and upper limits. 2. Examples of definite integrals are calculated by evaluating the indefinite integral between the limits and simplifying. 3. U-substitution can be used to evaluate definite integrals involving trigonometric, exponential, or logarithmic functions by making a substitution to put the integral in terms of the variable u and its differential du.

Uploaded by

Ezra M. Mendoza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 5

in

INTECAL 125 -
INTEGRAL CALCULUS
A. Course Code /Title : INTECAL 125 - CALCULUS 2
Lesson Number : Lesson 5 - Definite Integrals

Definite Integral

An Integral with definite limit of Integration and definite answer.

�
� (�) �� = �(�) − �(�)
�

The number “a” that is at the bottom of the integral sign is called the lower limit of the integral
and the number “b” at the top of the integral sign is called the upper limit of the integral. Also,
despite the fact that a and b were given as an interval the lower limit does not necessarily need to be
smaller than the upper limit. Collectively we’ll often call a and b the interval of integration.

Examples.

2 4
1. 1 (� + 1) dx

�5
= 5
+ 1x

(2)5 (1)5
= 5
+ 1(2) − 5
+ 1(1)

32 1
= 5
+2− 5
+1

32 1
= 5
+2− 5
+1

42 6
= 5
− 5

36
= 5

2
2. 1 3�2 − 5� + 2 dx

3�3 5�2
= 3
− 2
+ 2�

3(2)3 5(2)2 3(1)3 5(1)2


= 3
− 2
+ 2(2) − 3
− 2
+ 2(1)

3(8) 5(4) 5
= 3
− 2 +4 − 1−2+2

5
= 8 − 10 + 4 - 1 + 2
− 2

5
= -2 + 3 + 2
− 2
5
=1+ 2
− 2

5
= 2
−1

3
= 2

3
3. −1
2� + 3 2 dx

3
= −1 (2x + 3) (2x + 3)
3
= −1
4�2 + 6� + 6� + 9
3 2
= −1 4� + 12� + 9

4�3 12�2
= 3
+ 2
+ 9�

4(3)3 12(3)2 4(−1)3 12(−1)2


= 3
+ 2
+ 9(3) − 3
+ 2
+ 9( − 1)

4(−1)3
= 43 + 6 (3)2 + 9(3) − 3
+ 6( − 1)2 + 9( − 1)

4
= 36 + 54 + 27 - − 3 + 6 − 9
4
= 90 +27 + 3
+3
4
= 120 + 3
364
= 3

2 2�5 −�+3
4. 1 �2
��

2 3 1
= 1 2� − � + 3�−2 ��

2�4 3�−1
= 4
− �� � + −1

1�4 3
= 2
− �� � −
�

1(2)4 3 1(1)4 3
= 2
− �� 2 − 2
- 2
− �� 1 − 1

3 1
= 8 − �� 2 − 2
- 2
− �� 1 − 3

3 1
= 8 − �� 2 - 2 - 2
− �� 1 + 3
= 11 − �� 2 − 2

= 9 − �� 2
U substitution

4
1. 0
4� 16 − �2 dx

u = 16-�2
du = -2x
��
dx = −2x

LL. u = 16-02 = 16
UL. u = 16-42 = 0

0
��
= 4� �
16 −2x

0 1
= −2 16
�2

3
�2
=−2 ∗ 3
2

3
2
=−2 ∗ �2 ∗ 3
2 3 4 3
= −2 ∗ 3
�2 = − 3 �2
3 3
4 4
= − 3 (0)2 + − 3 (16)2

253
=− 3

2 2
2. 0 2� �2 + 4 dx

u = �2 + 4
du = 2xdx
��
dx = 2x

LL. u = 02 + 4 = 4
UL. u = 22 + 4 = 8

8
2
��
= 2� �
4 2x

8
� 2
=
4

�3
= 3

83 43 512 64 448
= 3
− 3
= 3
− 3 = 3
−6 4 5
3. −2 1+2� 3 − 1+2� dx

u = 1 + 2�
du = 2 dx
��
dx = 2

LL. u = 1 + 2( − 2) = -3
UL. u = 1 +2(-6) = -11

−11
1 4 5
= 3 −
2 −3 � �

−11
1 5
= 4�−3 −
2 −3 �

1 4�−2
= − 5 ln u
2 −2
1
= −2u−2 − 5ln u
2

1 1
= −2( − 11)−2 − 5ln −11 − −2( − 3)−2 − 5ln −3
2 2

1 2 1 2
= − − 5ln −11 − − − 5ln −3
2 121 2 9

1 5 1 5
=− − ln 11 + + ln 3
121 2 9 2
112 5 5
= 1089
− 2 ln 11 + 2 ln 3

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