Neuroscience 2021
Sulci & Gyri Dr. Doaa Shuaib
of the cerebral hemisphere
Assistant Professor of Anatomy & Embryology
Faculty of Medicine – Cairo University
Email:
[email protected] Grey matter
Grey matter
(Cerebral cortex)
Sulcus Gyrus
While
• It is formed of cell bodies of
matter
neurons.
• It shows elevated areas (gyri)
separated by grooves (sulci).
White matter
Formed of myelinated nerve
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
fibers (axons of neurons).
Lateral ventricle
A cavity that lies inside the
cerebral hemisphere.
Basal nuclei
Basal Lateral
Masses of gray matter situated nuclei ventricle
within the white matter near
the base of the hemisphere.
Source: Gray’s Anatomy - 40th edition
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Sulci & gyri on the lateral
surface
I. Frontal lobe
Frontal lobe
Central sulcus
Precentral sulcus
Superior frontal
sulcus
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Inferior frontal Opercular
sulcus part
Orbital
Anterior
part Anterior
Angular ascending
horizontal ramus
part
ramus
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
II. Temporal lobe
Temporal lobe
Central sulcus Superior
Posterior ramus
temporal sulcus
of lateral sulcus
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Inferior
temporal sulcus
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
III. Parietal lobe
Postcentral
Parietal lobe Central sulcus
sulcus
Posterior ramus
of lateral sulcus
Intraparietal
sulcus
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Angular gyrus
Supramarginal
gyrus
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
IV. Occipital lobe
Occipital lobe
Superior
occipital Arcus-parieto-
gyrus occipitalis gyrus
Parieto-
occipital
sulcus
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Lunate
Lateral sulcus
Inferior occipital
occipital sulcus
gyrus
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Insula
• Definition
• Opercula
• Shape
• Sulci & gyri
Insula
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Posterior ramus
Insula
of lateral sulcus
Source: Kenhub Anatomy
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
• It is a large part of the cerebral cortex which is buried in the
bottom of the lateral fissure.
Definition • It can be seen only when the lips of the lateral sulcus are widely
pulled apart
Circular sulcus
Insula
Shape
• Conical or triangular
in shape
• Having a base and
an apex.
• The base is
surrounded by a
circular sulcus Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Sulci & gyri
• Two long gyri
(behind) Apex Long gyri
• Several small short (limen insulae)
gyri (in front). Short gyri
Source: Sobotta Atlas of Anatomy, 15 edition
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Middle cerebral Insula
artery
Insula
Relations
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Its surface is crossed by
the middle cerebral
artery.
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Insula Frontal Parietal
operculum operculum
Operculum
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Insula
Insula Operculum
Temporal operculum
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
• Parts of the cortex which overlap the insula
• They are the lips of the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus.
Opercula • The opercula include parts from the frontal, parietal and temporal
lobes.
Sulci & gyri on the inferior
surface
Parts Orbital plate of
frontal bone
Orbital part
(Anterior 1/3)
Tentorial part
(Posterior 2/3)
Tentorium
Dr. Doaa Shuaib cerebelli
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition- Source: Atlas of Anatomy, Anne M.Gilroy, Brian R.
Frank H. Netter, M.D MacPherson, Lawrence M. Ross (2nd edition)
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Orbital surface Tentorial surface
• Posterior 2/3 of the inferior surface
• Anterior 1/3 of the inferior surface
• It partly rests on the upper surface of the
• It rests on the orbit
tentorium cerebelli.
• It represents the inferior surface of the
• It represents the inferior surface of the
frontal lobe
temporal and occipital lobes.
Inferior Olfactory sulcus
surface Gyrus rectus
Orbital sulci
Rhinal sulcus
Orbital gyri Collateral
sulcus
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
occipito-
Occipito-
temporal sulcus
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
The lateral occipito-temporal gyrus sulcus represents the inferior temporal gyrus seen
from below
Sulci & gyri on the medial
surface
Medial Marginal
Subparietal
sulcus
sulcus
surface qy Prieto-occipital
sulcus
Paracentral
lobule
Cingulate gyrus
Dr. Doaa Shuaib
Cuneus
Thalamus
Lingual gyrus
Cingulate sulcus Postalcarine
sulcus
Calcarine
Callosal sulcus sulcus
Ismuth
Parahippocampal
gyrus Hippocampal
sulcus
Source: Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sixth Edition-Frank H. Netter, M.D Dr. Doaa Shuaib
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