E ST INAL

STR OIN T
GA A SE S
DIS E

HANNAH MAE CHOA

BSND 3
Three Common
Gastrointestinal
Problems in Constipation
Geriatric

Nutrient
Malabsorption:
Vitamin B12
GERD
Deficiency
 H AG EAL
R OE SO P
GAST X D IS EA SE
RE FL U
(GE R D)

 What is it ?
GERD is a chronic disorder that results when
stomach contents flow back into the esophagus

Pathophysiology
Etiology
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) occurs when the
acid-containing contents of the stomach travel back up into Malfunctioning LES, Obesity, Smoking, Food and
the esophagus and cause the burning sensation more Medications
commonly known as heartburn.

Signs and Symptoms

Possible Nutritional Consequences
Heartburn
a burning sensation in the esophagus -Reduced quality and quantity of dietary intake
Acid taste and Increased belching -Gastric acid suppression may lead to nutrient
Hoarseness malabsorption and deficiencies
Difficulty swallowing and Bloating
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
TIPS AND AVOID FOOD GROUPS

TRICKS
FAT
SALT
SPICES

GET MORE
FIBER
ALKALINE FOOD
WATERY FOOD

HOME REMEDIES
MILK
GINGER
AVC- APPLE CIDER VINGEGAR
LEMON WATER
 STOMAC
CONDITI H
ONS AFF
NUTRIEN ECT
AVAILAB T
ILITY:
VITAMIN
MALABS B 12
ORPTION
 ATROPHIC GASTRITIS

TWO CONDITIONS THAT Older adults may absorb

RESULT IN VIT B12
DEFICIENCY some dietary vitamin B12,
but they will become
Pernicious anemia deficient over time
and atrophic gastritis

PERNICIOUS ANEMIA

Rare in individuals under 35.

The most common cause of
vitamin B deficiency in older
adults is related normal
stomach function.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
VITAMIN B12

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Deficiency of the vitamin leads to ff:

Anemia

Potentially to irreversible neurological

damage

Walking and balance disturbances

Cognitive impairment
FOOD SELECTION PATTERNS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF AFFECT NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY

Foods fortified with crystalline

or synthetic vitamin B12 or from
supplements containing
vitamin B12
INCREASED AGE= DECREASED ACIDITY**

Antacid treatment neutralizes stomach

acid and raises stomach pH, prevent- ing
vitamin B12 from being split from its protein
carrier

** THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF THE PROTEIN-BOUND VITAMIN DECREASES WITH AGE

DUE TO THE DECREASE IN STOMACH ACIDITY
VITAMIN B12
RICH FOOD
CONST
IPATIO
N
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
ETIOLOGY OF CONSTIPATION

Repeatedly ignoring the

Insufficient fluid intake
urge to defecate

Diseases such as diabetes,

cancer, Parkinson’s, and
Lack of fiber in the diet
irritable bowel and other
gastric diseases
Age
Less than three Hard,dry and
bowel lumpy stool Nausea and
movements a
bloating
week Cramps

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

FOOD PATTERN
FOOD PATTERN
 N K Y O U
THA
FOR
N IN G !!
LIST E
 https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/gerd-diet-foods-that-help-with-
acid-reflux-heartburn
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8UqRCPA6Kw
https://www.lybrate.com/topic/gerd-diet-chart
https://www.drliznd.ca/the-mediterranean-diet-and-heart-burn-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease/
https://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=4pyDCgAAQBAJ&dq=Nutrition+Through+the+Life+Cycle&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y
https://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=da4sx4IdLlMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Krause&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjz_PS9-
ODyAhVQC94KHdlhBBYQ6AF6BAgIEAI#v=onepage&q=Krause&f=false
https://ibsguthealthclinic.co.uk/dietary-guidelines-for-irritable-bowel-syndrome/

REFERENCES