1. - 16. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere 6.

The Spanish Civil War ---- when the Spanish

uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. army in Morocco, led by General Francisco
Franco, rose up against the democratically
elected Republican government.
1. Schools are one of the most important ---- of
socialization on which peer groups and
A) broke out
teachers have a major impact.
B) fell off
C) came along
A) degrees
D) turned on
B) rules
E) blew up
C) customs
D) agents
7. The potential dangers of global warming ----
E) advances
by a wide consortium of scientists, who ----
about its long-term effects on the planet.
2. Human childhood is a ---- period of complex
development during which a helpless infant
A) had been studied / might be increasingly
becomes an adolescent.
concerned
B) have been studied / were increasingly
A) remarkable
concerned
B) redundant
C) will have been studied / would be
C) progressive
increasingly concerned
D) contemporary
D) are being studied / are increasingly
E) relevant
concerned
E) are studied / had been increasingly
3. Although China has, in recent years, made
concerned
notable advances, particularly in
manufacturing, agriculture will long ----
8. Although book reviews ---- whether a given
fundamental to the economy.
book ----, many works succeed
commercially despite negative reviews.
A) produce
B) differ
A) may determine / will be extensively sold
C) extend
B) are determining / is extensively sold
D) remain
C) determined / had extensively sold
E) resist
D) will determine / would have been
extensively sold
4. In Central Africa, the rains are ---- abundant
E) have determined / has been extensively
in the southern regions, but they are
sold
reduced to a single very short period in the
central zone and disappear almost
9. In some countries, girls who ---- school risk
completely in the extreme north.
becoming victims of acid attacks, which can
permanently disfigure their faces and hands
A) reluctantly
the only parts of their bodies that ---- in
B) appropriately
public.
C) scarcely
D) solely
A) attend / may be exposed
E) relatively
B) attended / might be exposed
C) will attend / had been exposed
5. After the first book on chess was printed in
D) are attending / were to be exposed
England in 1475, the game ---- a more
E) had attended / are exposed
modern form in Europe, especially after the
rules of the game were changed.
10. The pride which everyone ---- as they
succeed in acquiring a new language should
A) set off
not make the many less proud of the native
B) paid back
language they already ----.
C) took on
D) came across
A) is feeling / had
E) ruled out
B) feels / have
C) has felt / had had
D) will feel / are having
E) was feeling / would have

1
11. The people of rural Anatolia, who begin their 14. ---- many people these days regularly use
preparations for winter as early as in May and rely on computers, many others do not
and June, continue right ---- the end of even understand how the computer works.
October ---- the collection, first, of firewood
and then the preparation of foodstuffs. A) Though
B) When
A) by / over C) Because
B) at / for D) In case
C) in / to E) If
D) to / with
E) after / about 15. The world faces a future of 'water wars' ----
action is taken to prevent international water
12. Swine flu is diagnosed clinically by means shortages and sanitation issues escalating
of the typical symptoms and the patient’s into conflicts.
history ---- association ---- people known to
have the disease. A) as long as
B) whether
A) for / around C) since
B) from / of D) unless
C) through / by E) if
D) on / in
E) of / with 16. ---- numerous reformist policies that have
helped to improve the economic conditions
13. A caricature is often a drawing or painting -- in the country, the standard of living for the
-- a person is ridiculed by the exaggeration poor has improved very little.
or distortion of his most obvious
characteristics. A) Instead of
B) Despite
A) more than C) In connection with
B) in place of D) According to
C) by no means E) As regards
D) in which
E) as much as

2
17. - 21. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada 22. - 26. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. da ifadeyi bulunuz.

A hundred years ago, some scientists claimed that The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the
(I) ---- studying a person’s face they could assess industrialized world are now (I) ----. Breast-fed
his or her mental ability and personal traits. While infants receive protection (II) ---- many illnesses
this practice (II) ----, scientists today believe that including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and
physiognomy – the study of the face and facial otitis media, and have a lower risk of a topic disease
expressions‒ can provide clues to understanding and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (III) ----
social relationships. The face, (III) ----, is the most women who breast-feed may have less risk of some
distinctive feature of the human body, uniquely cancers and hip fractures in later life. In addition to
functioning as (IV) ---- an identity marker and a the health benefits, there are also significant cost
communication method. The human brain is (V) ---- implications. The United States Department of
suited to recognizing faces and facial expressions, Agriculture has estimated that a minimum of $3.6
even if it cannot always connect names and billion per year (IV) ---- if breast-feeding rates were
personal details to those faces. increased from current levels to (V) ----
recommended by the United States Surgeon
17. I General.
A) at
B) with 22. I
C) by A) well-connected
D) in B) well-preserved
E) over C) well-established
D) well-built
18. II E) well-kept
A) has been discredited
B) could have been discredited 23. II
C) will be discredited A) about
D) should be discredited B) towards
E) had been discredited C) to
D) against
19. III E) for
A) for example
B) as a result 24. III
C) otherwise A) as if
D) after all B) since
E) in conclusion C) while
D) as though
20. IV E) even if
A) either
B) both 25. IV
C) also A) could save
D) more B) were to be saved
E) such C) should save
D) would be saved
21. V E) has been saved
A) particularly
B) vaguely 26. V
C) gradually A) those
D) recklessly B) what
E) redundantly C) whose
D) which
E) them

3
27. - 38. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun 31. As the use of the Internet has developed
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz. and expanded in recent years, ----.

A) reading printed books has the advantage

27. Despite the fact that short-term interest
of providing a unique source of learning
rates have marched steadily upward since
B) movie watching used to be more
the early 2000s, ----.
convenient and entertaining
C) the audience has engaged in the same
A) the result will be a sharp slowdown in
activity
consumer spending
D) fewer and fewer people have turned to
B) America’s overall inflation hit 4.7% in
reading as a source of entertainment
recent years
E) the immediate emotional reaction is
C) the cost of a tank of petrol would have
usually the correct one
fallen dramatically
D) they are still negative in real terms
32. When the plants are in flower, and you want
E) Americans have been able to borrow more
to show them off at their best, ----.
and save even less
A) fertilizers are most useful to help a plant
28. Although it was once thought of as a luxury
bloom
food, ----.
B) be sure to protect your furniture by placing
the plant pots on waterproof pads
A) today chocolate is consumed by
C) clean their leaves and trim off the brown
everybody since it has become much
tips with sharp scissors
cheaper
D) remove all the flowers by pulling them off
B) steadily rising prices have resulted in
E) they need more air circulation and daylight
increased chocolate production
C) the presence of caffeine in cocoa powder
33. In democratic societies, everybody should
gave chocolate a mildly stimulating action
have the right to express and advocate his
D) the basic cause of tooth decay is the
own views, ----.
excessive consumption of chocolate
E) more people consume chocolate in the
A) so that the good life was made equally
winter than in other seasons
available to all persons
B) since nowhere is courage better
29. Unless you have Turkish citizenship, ----.
demonstrated than in a crisis situation
C) in order that people become insensitive to
A) you cannot be regarded as a foreigner
violations of the law
B) you can permanently reside and work
D) while they are few in number
C) you are obliged to vote in Turkish general
E) regardless of how unpopular they may be
elections
D) you will be registered in Turkey as a voter
34. Puberty is probably the period of greatest
after 18 years of age
resistance to adult authority ----.
E) you will not be eligible to vote in the
elections
A) despite the fact that sensible rules for
harmonious family living were helpful
30. Even though it was established in 1893 to
B) during which doctors felt that physical
display items from the World’s Columbia
growth did not retard mental growth
Exposition, ----.
C) in order to establish a teacher-student
relationship which provides security
A) the official website has a section with
D) since, with some boys and girls, it takes
information about local attractions and
the form of actual rebellion
ethnic neighbourhoods
E) because this brings slight modifications in
B) the Field Museum has now become home
the daily routine
to 'Sue', the most complete and best
preserved dinosaur skeleton in the world
C) printing, publishing, food processing and
medical products help fuel the city’s
economy
D) the Globe Theatre will have become the
only building of culture and entertainment
in the city
E) visitors and residents alike can take
advantage of the live performances in the
Royal Palace Gardens

4
35. Pre-school programmes are an illustration 39. - 46. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
of a carefully developed curriculum ----. anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe
cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
A) that aims to recognize symptoms of old- bulunuz.
age fatigue and to plan a balanced
programme of activity 39. The game of golf, which is thought to have
B) which is based on the interests and needs originated in the 15th century, has today
of young children become popular all over the world mostly as
C) since they could have offered helpful a means of socializing and prestige.
advice to parents
D) if children experience a growing urge to A) 15. yüzyılda oynanmaya başlandığı
take part in adult discussions düşünülen golf oyunu, özellikle
E) until children display substantial sosyalleşme ve prestij sağladığı için
intellectual curiosity bugün dünyanın her tarafında
tanınmaktadır.
36. Psychological research has made it clear in B) 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıkmış olduğu
recent years ----. düşünülen golf oyunu, çoğu kez
sosyalleşme ve prestij aracı olarak bugün
A) if the goals of a whole generation of bütün dünyada yaygınlık kazanmıştır.
people were allowed to exceed their reach C) Bugün tüm dünyada, tamamen
B) when each person will have been sosyalleşme ve prestij için oynanan golf
influenced by the cultural realities oyununun, 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıktığı
C) that to build hopes which cannot be düşünülmektedir.
realized is a sure way of creating D) Golf oyununun, 15. yüzyılda başladığı ve
frustration bugün tüm dünyada genellikle
D) whether collective social goals would have sosyalleşmek ve prestij kazanmak için
been reasonable oynandığı düşünülmektedir.
E) to what degree the expectations of people E) Öncelikle sosyalleşmek ve prestij elde
will have been realized etmek için dünyanın her yerinde oynanan
golf oyununun, 15. yüzyılda ortaya çıktığı
37. It is asserted that human well-being can zannedilmektedir.
only be advanced ----.
40. Astronomical observations began soon after
A) as if people had to be the architects of 3000B.C. with the early civilizations of
their own destiny Mesopotamia, where the patterns formed by
B) before anyone even thought of building a stars in the galaxy were recognized and
better world named.
C) as soon as governments exercised their
A) Astronomi gözlemleri, galakside yıldızlar
just powers with the consent of the tarafından oluşturulan şekillerin tanındığı
governed
ve adlandırıldığı Mezopotamya’nın ilk
D) no matter how threatening some of the uygarlıkları ile M.Ö. 3000’den hemen
new technologies may be
sonra başlamıştır.
E) if there is an unrestricted play of free B) Astronomi gözlemleri, Mezopotamya’daki
intelligence upon all problems
ilk uygarlıkların M.Ö. 3000 yıllarından
sonra galakside yıldızlar tarafından
38. Facts and ideas brought in by total
oluşturulan şekilleri tanımaları ve
outsiders will tend to be rejected ----. adlandırmaları ile başlar.
C) İlk astronomi gözlemleri, galakside
A) because groups generally pursue their yıldızlar tarafından oluşturulan şekilleri
own reasoning
tanıyan ve adlandıran Mezopotamya’daki
B) as long as there are some values common
ilk uygarlıklar tarafından M.Ö. 3000
to the conflicting parties yılından sonra başlatılmıştır.
C) when there is no reason to believe that
D) Galakside yıldızlar tarafından oluşturulan
this is a universal principle şekilleri tanıyan ve adlandıran
D) as individuals should be manipulated
Mezopotamya’daki ilk uygarlıklar, M.Ö.
much in the same fashion as material 3000 yılından hemen sonra astronomi
things
gözlemlerini başlatmışlardır
E) on condition that they lacked the time to E) Mezopotamya’daki ilk uygarlıklarda
acquire the discipline and form proper
astronomi gözlemleri, galakside yıldızlar
relationships tarafından oluşturulan şekillerin
tanınmaları ve adlandırılmaları ile M.Ö.
3000 yılından sonra başlar.

5
41. Many claim that eating a certain amount of 42. When sociologists mention the development
honey every day lessens complaints of hay of industrial societies, they usually mean
fever as it reduces the susceptibility to local the broad historical process through which
pollens and creates a tolerance towards these societies acquired their modern
them. occupations, institutions and organizations.

A) Birçok kişi, her gün belli bir miktar bal A) Sanayi toplumlarının gelişmesinden
yemenin, etraftaki polenlere karşı bahsedildiğinde toplum bilimcilerin dikkat
hassasiyeti azaltarak direnç sağladığını ve çektikleri nokta; genellikle bu toplumların
bu nedenle saman nezlesine ilişkin çağdaş meslek, kurum ve kuruluşlarını
şikâyetlerin bazılarını hafiflettiğini iddia elde ettikleri geniş tarihsel süreçtir.
etmektedir. B) Toplum bilimcilerin sanayi toplumlarının
B) Pek çoğunun iddiasına göre, her gün belli gelişmesinden kastettikleri; bu toplumların
bir miktar bal yemek, etraftaki polenlere geniş bir tarihsel süreç içerisinde ilerlerken
karşı hassasiyeti azaltarak onlara karşı elde ettikleri meslek, kurum ve
direnç sağlamakta ve böylece saman kuruluşlardır.
nezlesi şikâyetlerini hafifletmektedir. C) Toplum bilimcilere göre; sanayi
C) Her gün belli bir miktar bal yemek, pek çok toplumlarının gelişimi anlatılırken bu
kişiye göre, etraftaki polenlere karşı toplumların geniş bir tarihsel süreç
hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlara karşı direnç içerisinde elde etmiş oldukları çağdaş
sağladığı için, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini meslek, kurum ve kuruluşlardan sıklıkla
hafifletmektedir. bahsedilmelidir.
D) Pek çok kişi, etraftaki polenlere karşı D) Sanayi toplumlarının gelişmesi, toplum
hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlara karşı direnç bilimcilere göre; genellikle bu toplumların
sağladığı için, her gün belli bir miktar bal geniş ve tarihsel bir süreçte elde etmiş
yemenin, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini oldukları çağdaş meslek, kurum ve
hafiflettiğini iddia etmektedir. kuruluşlarla ilgilidir.
E) Çoğu insan, her gün belli bir miktar bal E) Toplum bilimciler sanayi toplumlarının
yemenin, saman nezlesi şikâyetlerini gelişmesinden bahsederken genellikle bu
hafiflettiği için, etraftaki polenlere karşı toplumların çağdaş meslek, kurum ve
hassasiyeti azalttığı ve onlara karşı direnç kuruluşlarını elde ettikleri geniş tarihsel
sağladığını iddia etmektedir. süreci kastederler.

43. Teknolojik kaynaklardaki sürekli gelişmeler,

belirli soruları cevaplama potansiyelleriyle
birlikte, son yıllarda birkaç farklı alanda
ortaya çıkmıştır.

A) Continuous improvements in technological

resources, as well as their potential to
answer certain questions, have appeared
in a number of distinct areas in recent
years.
B) Continuous improvements in technological
resources have been used to answer
certain questions that have appeared in a
number of distinct areas lately.
C) Potential improvements in technological
resources, as well as the possibility of
using them to answer many questions,
have appeared in a number of distinct
areas in recent years.
D) Potential improvements in technological
resources and the possibility of using
them to answer certain questions have
appeared in a number of distinct areas
lately.
E) Continuous improvements in technological
resources, as well as their potential to
answer certain questions, have been
wasted in a number of distinct areas in
recent years.

6
44. Her biri farklı öykü anlatan kadın portreleri 46. İlk insanlar, ateşi keşfedip pişirmeyi
ile tanınan Nuri İyem, Türkiye’nin öğreninceye kadar, beslenme ihtiyaçlarını
olağanüstü yetenekli ressamlarından sebze ve meyve gibi gıdaları tüketerek
birisidir. karşılamışlardır.

A) As one of the extraordinarily talented A) Early human beings met their nutritional
painters in Turkey, Nuri İyem is renowned needs by eating vegetables and fruits
for his portraits of women who all tell before they discovered fire and learned
unique stories. cooking.
B) Nuri İyem, who is known for the women B) Early human beings satisfied their hunger
portraits, each of which has a different by consuming vegetables and fruits, at
story, is one of the extraordinarily talented least until the discovery of fire and the
painters in Turkey. learning of cooking.
C) Nuri İyem, who is known for his portraits of C) Vegetables and fruits were regarded to be
women, each telling a different story, is the first food of early human beings until
one of Turkey’s extraordinarily talented they discovered fire and learned cooking.
painters. D) Early human beings ate food consisting
D) As an extraordinarily talented painter, Nuri mainly of vegetables and fruits before the
İyem is a well-known Turkish artist, and discovery of fire and the learning of
the faces of the women he painted each cooking.
seems to be telling us an individually E) Early human beings met their dietary
unique story. needs by consuming foods such as
E) Nuri İyem, well-known for his portraits of vegetables and fruits until the time they
women who told him their personal discovered fire and learned cooking.
stories, was one of the extraordinarily
talented painters in Turkey.

45. 1700’lerde küçük bir kasaba olarak

kurulmuş olan Sao Paulo, yüksek rakım ve
verimli topraklar sayesinde gelişen kahve
üretimi nedeniyle, hızla büyümüştür.

A) Founded as a small town in the 1700s,

Sao Paulo grew rapidly due to the
production of coffee, which developed
thanks to the high altitude and fertile soil.
B) Due to the high altitude and fertile soil,
coffee production developed so rapidly
that Sao Paulo, which was a small town in
the 1700s, became a big city.
C) Although it was only a small town in the
1700s, Sao Paulo grew rapidly as a result
of the coffee production in the fertile lands
on the high altitude.
D) No matter how small a town Sao Paulo
was when it was established in the 1700s,
it grew rapidly simply because of the high
altitude and fertile soil which helped the
production of coffee to develop.
E) Sao Paulo, which was established as a
small town in the 1700s, grew rapidly
because of the high altitude and fertile soil
that helped the coffee production develop.

7
47. - 50. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 49. It is understood from the passage that ----.
cevaplayınız.
A) when a woman has advanced pregnancy,
she has to give up her hunting activities
The Agta Negritos of the Philippines, a present-day
B) the mothers are in control of the activities
tribal people, are an example of a culture whose
of their children
women and men share all subsistence activities.
C) women who give birth are expected to
Most interestingly, the Agta Negritos women hunt
devote themselves to their children
large game with bows, arrows, and hunting dogs.
D) children can go hunting with their mothers
The women are prevented from hunting only during
even when they are babies
late pregnancy and the first few months after giving
E) anthropologists are very concerned about
birth. Teenagers and women with older children are
the Agta men’s treatment of their women
the most frequent hunters. The women space their
children to allow for maximum mobility. They keep
50. According to the passage, ----.
their birth rate down through the use of herbal
contraceptives. By studying these ethnographic
A) there is a great similarity between the
examples and by questioning the assumptions that
Western and Agta perceptions of women’s
have been made about female and male roles in
social status
prehistory, anthropologists have concluded that
B) the hunting skill is the basic criterion that
Western society’s traditionally low view of women’s
distinguishes men from women
status is by no means universal.
C) hunting tools can be interpreted as
symbols of male power
47. We can infer from the passage that among
D) ethnographers’ assumptions on prehistoric
the Agta people, ----.
gender roles are correct
E) the Western gender concept conflicts with
A) gender roles are unlike those in the West
the Agta people’s view about male and
B) women cannot compete in hunting with
female roles
men
C) women’s status is superior to men’s
D) women do not hunt after giving birth
E) male and female roles are completely
separated

48. The passage indicates that ----.

A) in the Agta tribes there is nothing more

important than having children
B) the Agta teenagers are brought up with
Western values
C) the Agta tribes keep to the prehistoric
male and female roles
D) the Agta people are aware of birth control
E) the Agta women have learned how to use
modern hunting tools

8
51. - 54. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 53. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that
cevaplayınız. the quality of Stradivarius violins ----.

A) has been measured according to the

For the past 300 years, musicians and scientists
standards specified almost 300 years ago
have puzzled over the unparalleled quality of
B) has only been equalled in very recent
classical Cremonese violins made by the Italian
times
master Antonio Stradivari. These classical violins
C) is a criterion by which the quality of sound
have become the benchmark against which the
of all violins is measured
sound of all other violins is compared. There are
D) is by no means a standard one
many theories as to the 'secret' of Stradivarius
E) is rarely appreciated except by those who
violins. What was obviously first explored was the
play a violin
exact size of the violins and ratio of the parts to
each other. Although instrument makers have
54. According to the passage, there is a close
disassembled their violins, calibrated every
relationship between ----.
dimension of the pieces to within the hundredth of
an inch, and replicated the measurements perfectly
A) the density of the material of a violin and
in new instruments, they have failed to duplicate the
the tonal quality
Stradivarius magic. It is also well-known that the
B) the protective coating of a violin and the
density of the material through which a sound
vibration efficiency
propagates influences significantly the vibration
C) the exact size of the violin and the
efficiency of the material, therefore the tonal
instrument maker
qualities of the instrument. It is also a widely held
D) the value of a Stradivarius violin and the
belief that Stradivari’s well-guarded varnish formula
material it is made of
was not just a protective coating of the instrument,
E) Cremonese violins and all other violins
but actually the most important secret to his violins.

51. It is stressed in the passage that ----.

A) the real secret to Stradivarius violins has

later been revealed to be the varnish
formula
B) what actually makes Stradivarius violins
unique is still a mystery
C) the high quality of Stradivarius violins has
only been successfully copied after 300
years
D) the basic reason for the Stradivarius
quality was the density of the material
used
E) if contemporary instrument makers were
able to duplicate the exact ratio of the
Stradivarius violin, they would produce its
equal in the quality of sound

52. We understand from the passage that ----.

A) Antonio Stradivari was distinguished as a

skilful violin player
B) Antonio Stradivari failed to achieve the
quality of classical Cremonese violins
C) the exact size of Stradivarius violins was
reproduced only after 300 years
D) it has been a professional challenge to
understand the nature of Stradivarius
violins
E) some violin makers have claimed to have
discovered the “secret” of Stradivarius
violins

9
55. - 58. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 57. It is clearly emphasized in the passage that
cevaplayınız. one of the EU’s primary aims in establishing
ties with Latin America was to ----.
Several EU member states enjoy long-standing
A) encourage Latin American investors to
political and economic links with Latin America. In
play a major role in the European
fact, it was in the 1960s and 1970s that the EU first
economy
began expanding its ties to the region through a
B) promote peace and security throughout
series of diplomatic initiatives and agreements
the region
aimed at promoting democracy, addressing
C) have the support of the Latin American
development issues, and boosting trade and
countries in dealing with other nations
investment. Moreover, the EU actively worked for
D) contribute to the development of
peace in the troubled Central American region in the
democracy in the region
1980s. In the mean time, the accession in 1986 of
E) expand its diplomatic activities in each
Spain and Portugal to the EU further strengthened
country of the region
region-to region ties. EU engagement in Latin
America increased during the 1990s as a formal
58. In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact
political dialogue was put in place to advance issues
that ----.
of common interest, including how the EU and Latin
America together can act in concert with other
A) the EU plays a constructive part in the
nations and international organizations to address
development of trade between Latin
global issues and challenges.
America and other countries in the world
B) the Latin American countries would face
55. In the passage, the author describes ----.
serious difficulties in their relations with
other nations if they did not cooperate with
A) how the relations between the EU and
the EU
Latin America have developed over
C) a formal political dialogue between the EU
several decades
and Latin America would in fact have been
B) why the Latin American countries needed
developed well before the EU membership
the support of the EU in order to solve
of Spain and Portugal
their regional problems
D) the growth of trade between the EU states
C) to what extent the Latin American
and the Latin American countries reached
economy was improved through EU
a record level in the 1980s
investments
E) the political and economic ties between
D) in what ways the EU member states
Latin America and a number of EU
benefited from their political and economic
member states have a long historical past
links with Latin America
E) the global issues and challenges that
immediately concerned the EU states and
the Latin American countries

56. According to the passage, the EU’s relations

with Latin America ----.

A) have developed so fast that a number of

issues concerning the two regions can
now be much easily resolved
B) reached their most productive and
mutually satisfactory stage before Spain
and Portugal became EU members
C) have followed a pattern of increasing
cooperation between the two regions
since the 1960s and 1970s
D) could develop fruitfully only after Spain
and Portugal joined the EU and began to
establish links with various Latin American
countries
E) have caused much concern to other
nations and international organizations
which had already established profitable
trade links with Latin America

10
59. - 62. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 61. We can infer from the passage that public
cevaplayınız. relations officers ----.

A) had better aim at a foreign audience

A company’s public relations officer is responsible
instead of at a domestic one
for creating and maintaining relationships between
B) need to consider the effects of advertising
clients and customers. Through areas such as
on brand management
brand management, advertising, media relations
C) knew why Southeast Asian local people
and crisis management, public relations officers
were so strange
seek to foster interest, trust and belief in the
D) need to understand fully the cultural
company and its products. They are aware of how
characteristics of their own people as well
best to carry this out when dealing with in their own
as of other peoples
nations and cultures. However, when dealing with a
E) are only employed by a few companies
foreign audience, it is critical that cross-cultural
differences are recognized. By way of illustrating the
62. We can understand from the passage that
impact cross-cultural awareness can have on the
the failure of the tooth paste campaign in
success or failure of a public relations campaign, a
Southeast Asia could have been avoided if --
brief example can be cited: an American company
--.
tried to sell its toothpaste in Southeast Asia by
emphasizing that it' whitens your teeth'. They found
A) the public relations officers had
out that the local natives chew betel nuts to blacken
considered the importance of a toothpaste
their teeth because they found it attractive.
B) the media had been more influential on
people
59. From the passage, we learn that ----.
C) the company had analyzed the cross-
cultural issues
A) Asian people never use foreign brand
D) the company had not gone through a
toothpastes
crisis
B) in some cases, local culture can be far
E) the customers had been more responsible
more effective on marketing
C) the best way to naturally whiten teeth is to
chew betel nuts
D) recognizing cultural differences can easily
lead to failure
E) public relations campaigns generally
prove to be useless

60. It is understood from the passage that the

activity of public relations ----.

A) is especially necessary when dealing with

local natives
B) is threatened particularly during an
economic crisis
C) has only gained importance in recent
years
D) needs face-to-face communication training
E) involves multi-directional activities

11
63. - 66. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 65. It is clearly understood from the passage
cevaplayınız. that the ancient Amazon people ----.

A) killed large numbers of would-be colonists

Satellite images of the upper Amazon Basin in
B) had no resistance to new diseases
Brazil taken since 1999 have revealed hundreds of
C) hid themselves in the Amazon rain forest
circles, squares, and other geometric shapes once
D) led a very simple life and lived as separate
hidden by the Amazon rain forests. They hint at a
tribes
previously unknown ancient society that flourished
E) are the ancestors of the present-day
in the Amazon. Now researchers estimate that
inhabitants of the region
nearly ten times as many such structures, of
unknown purpose, may exist undetected under the
66. As can be understood from the passage, the
Amazon forest cover. The discovery adds to
researchers now tend to think that ----.
evidence that the hinterlands of the Amazon once
teemed with complex societies, which were largely
A) they have revealed almost everything
wiped out by diseases brought to South America by
about the region
European colonists in the 15th and16th centuries.
B) the natives had no idea about agriculture
Since these vanished societies had gone
C) the colonists helped the natives become
unrecorded, earlier research had suggested that
civilized
soils in the upper Amazon were too poor to support
D) the geometric shapes reveal something
the extensive agriculture needed for such large,
about the new industrial areas
permanent settlements. The researchers say 'We
E) the land might have once been inhabited
found that this view is wrong, and there is a lot more
densely
to discover in these places'.

63. From the passage, we can infer that ----.

A) pictures taken by satellites can provide

scientists with valuable new data
B) there is no longer any reason to further
investigate the upper Amazon Basin
C) the ancient Amazon people lived in
extreme isolation from the outer world
D) researchers can learn a lot from the
written historical data relating to the region
E) the geometric shapes should not be taken
too seriously

64. According to the passage, the new

discovery ----.

A) has strengthened the already known facts

about the upper Amazon Basin
B) is too poor to become an evidence for the
ancient Amazon society
C) has proved that the satellite pictures were
misleading
D) has falsified the previous assumptions
about the land
E) indicates the fact that the upper Amazon
Basin was made of geometric shapes

12
67. - 70. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre 68. According to the passage, the 9/11 terrorist
cevaplayınız. attacks ----.

A) could have been prevented if the al Qaeda

Following the terrorist attacks of September 11,
operatives had been captured in time
2001, Americans understandably rallied around the
B) made the American people united as a
flag. Having just suffered the deadliest attack ever
nation and feel more patriotic
on the US soil, a great majority of the people
C) were part of a series of terrorist acts
believed another attack was imminent. But
planned in advance by the al Qaeda
Americans also had enormous faith the 'Global War
leaders
on Terror' would help keep them safe. Just one
D) demonstrated the fact that the United
month after 9/11, for instance, 94 per cent of
States was more vulnerable to terrorism
Americans fully approved of how the fight against
than any other country in the world
terrorism was being handled. The United States
E) convinced the al Qaeda operatives that
then quickly went to war in Afghanistan, closing
the United States would be an easy target
down a terrorist camp and capturing or killing a
in the future
number of high-level al Qaeda operatives in the
process. However, since 2001, terrorists have found
69. It is stressed in the passage that, for the al
their targets on almost every continent, with
Qaeda leaders, ----.
bombings in Bali, London, Madrid, Istanbul, and
elsewhere. Now Americans appear less convinced
A) any part of the world could be a target for
that their country is winning the war on terror. In the
their attacks
face of persisting threats, including a growing
B) the war in Afghanistan is causing much
number of terrorist attacks around the world,
damage to their operatives
numerous reports show that Americans are losing
C) their future attacks must focus on the
faith in their government’s ability to wage the war
American homeland
successfully and to protect them from the terrorists
D) more threats from them will turn the
‘next major attack.
American people against their government
E) their attacks on a number of cities,
67. As pointed out in the passage, since
including Istanbul, were not effective at all
terrorist attacks and threats have not
ceased in the world, ----.
70. As can be clearly understood from the
passage, in the aftermath of the 9/11
A) the American government is convinced
attacks, almost all the Americans ----.
that some major cities in the country can
be the targets of terrorist attacks
A) thought that America’s invasion of
B) the United States has stepped up its
Afghanistan would be futile
operations in Afghanistan in order to
B) were disappointed with their government’s
capture the al Qaeda operatives
policies
C) Americans are very concerned about the
C) believed that their country was still the
security and success of their forces in
safest place in the world
Afghanistan
D) supported the way the war on terror was
D) the American people hardly believe that
being carried out
the government will be able to win the war
E) believed that the government would soon
on terror
bring the war on terror to an end
E) it is admitted by all the governments that
the so called “Global War on Terror” will
last indefinitely

13
71. - 75. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada 73. Intercultural communication in its most
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek basic form refers to an academic field of
cümleyi bulunuz. study and research. It seeks to understand
how people from different countries and
71. From its humble origins in Africa, coffee has cultures behave, communicate, and
become the second most heavily traded perceive the world around them. The
commodity in the world. It is planted in more theories developed by the researchers and
than 10 million hectares spread over fifty academics can be and have been applied to
countries, where more than 100 million many fields. ---- Many multinational
people depend on it for their livelihoods. companies need to know how best to
Even though there are more than 100 structure themselves, manage staff and
species of coffee, only coffea arabica and communicate with customers. Intercultural
coffea canephora are commercially traded. - communication gives them an insight into
--- the areas they need to address or
understand.
A) The coffee plant can grow to a tree that is
as much as 5 metres tall. A) Working in a company brings to the
B) It is commonly held that coffee from surface many issues in terms of formal
various regions has distinctive flavours. writing styles, business procedures and
C) Coffee production is an ancient industry the like.
with an enormous amount of scientific B) There are many respectable researchers
research behind it. and academics within the intercultural
D) Yet, within these two species, there are field, who naturally all have different
numerous kinds that are said to provide definitions of 'intercultural communication'.
different flavours and qualities. C) The leaders of today’s organizations and
E) Coffee gives many people some much- businesses need to continually assess
needed stimulation to get going every their financial budgets and make
morning. necessary adjustments.
D) Demands for intercultural communication
72. Legal translations are one of the trickiest skills are increasing as more and more
translations known. A legal translation will businesses go global or international.
always need specialist attention, for law is E) The issue of diversity is now a matter of
culture-dependent and requires a translator importance following changes in
with an excellent understanding of both the employment laws.
source and target cultures. ---- This is
because there is no real margin for error; 74. One great achievement of Greek literature is
the mistranslation of a passage in a contract Herodotus’ writing of history. No one before
could, for example, have disastrous him had consciously attempted to write
consequences. Therefore, the target text is about the past. ---- The saga which inspired
to be read by someone who is familiar with him to undertake anything so new and so
another legal system and its language. difficult was the one which had
overshadowed his own childhood and youth
A) Most translation agencies would always ‒ the clash between the Greeks and the
use a legal professional to undertake such Persians.
work.
B) Technical translations are usually more A) This is the reason why he is rightly known
expensive than general translations as as 'the father of history'.
they contain a high amount of terminology. B) That is why the earliest Greek
C) Some go as far as to say that legal philosophers were concerned chiefly with
translations are not really possible. what we would call 'science'.
D) Due to the continuing evolution of the C) For this reason, Herodotus himself
translation industry, there are now certain reported dubious information if it was
terms used to define specialist interesting, sometimes adding his own
translations. opinion about its reliability.
E) A common misconception is that anyone D) As a result, he became a major source of
who can speak a second language will inspiration for poets and story-tellers.
make a good translator of legal texts. E) Because of this, he wrote his Histories in
the Ionian dialect.

14
75. Columbus’ arrival in the New World in 1492 77. (I) According to the Chinese tradition, time has
was a disaster for the natives. ---- With no a cyclical movement that is divided over twelve
resistance to new germs, tribes rapidly were periods, and each of these is represented by a
exposed to unfamiliar illnesses after their zodiacal animal. (II) The belief in the zodiac
first brief contact with Europeans. In many sign means that you accept the fact that an
cases, the number of the natives was vastly individual born in the year of a particular animal
reduced without anyone even firing a shot. has its traits. (III) Officially, however, China has
Where the tribes developed a closer adopted the Gregorian calendar, which is in use
relationship with the new arrivals, they were throughout the country. (IV) The ancient
frequently tricked, tormented, and philosophers observed each of the zodiac
massacred by their visitors. animals in its natural environment and drew the
characteristics displayed by animals. (V) Then
A) Known as Indians, they were good at they drew a similitude between human nature
mixing herbs to make natural medicines. and those characteristics that were found in the
B) They were most adversely affected by the zodiac animals.
Europeans.
C) The Indian tribes became prominent in the A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
story of North America as the Europeans
spread westwards. 78. (I) Ideas or statements that may be false or
D) They had natural immunity against most of exaggerated and that are used in order to gain
the diseases. support for a political leader, party, etc. are
E) The colonists, consisting mainly of referred to as 'propaganda'. (II) Propagandists
soldiers and traders, established an easy emphasize the elements of information that
relationship with Indian tribes. support their position and de-emphasize or
exclude those that do not. (III) In Germany, the
76. - 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla Nazis censored information in the 1930s and
okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü incited hatred against the non-Nazis.(IV)
bozan cümleyi bulunuz. Misleading statements and even lies may be
used to create the desired effect in the public.
76. (I) In the early 1880s, George Nagel mackers, a (V) Lobbying, advertising, and missionary
young Belgian railway enthusiast, following the activity are all forms of propaganda, but the
example of George Mortimer Pullman in Britain, term is most commonly used in the political
began building luxury railway carriages for arena.
travel across continental Europe. (II) In 1881,
Nagel mackers introduced the first restaurant A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
car aboard a continental train. (III) On October
4, 1883, the first Orient-Express train service 79. (I) According to ancient Egyptian beliefs, having
was inaugurated. (IV) The legendary train was a well-preserved dead body was very important
at its heyday in the 1920s and 1930s when in order to ensure a blissful afterlife. (II) For this
royalty, celebrities, courtesans and spies reason, one of the most elaborate burial
intermingled as they travelled across Europe, customs that was practised by the Egyptians
enjoying the train service’s elaborate meals and was the act of mummification; that is, the
fine wines. (V) The most famous of them was preservation of a dead body by using several
Agatha Christie’s novel Murder on the Orient substances. (III) After a few preliminary steps,
Express, in which her detective Hercule Poirot the body would be thoroughly dried out by the
investigated the murder of a passenger. heat of the sand which eliminated all fungi and
bacteria from the body, thus making it immune
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V to decay. (IV) Grave robbery has been very
popular, because the dead were buried along
with many valuable items. (V) However, it was
reserved for the richest and most powerful in
Egyptian society for the process was long and
expensive.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

15
80. (I) Man has always taken a keen interest in
oceanographic studies. (II) Apart from fish and
coral, with their colours and lifestyles, seashells
are like jewels in the multi-coloured world
beneath the waves. (III) Besides the familiar
ones, there are thousands more or less known
shells whose beauty would astound us. (IV) Out
of over 100,000 shell varieties, some were used
as currency in former times because of their
pleasing colours and elegance. (V) Nowadays
they are mostly used as decoration in our
homes.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

16
 ANSWER KEY
1 D 11 D 21 A 31 D 41 D 51 B 61 D 71 D
2 A 12 E 22 C 32 C 42 E 52 D 62 C 72 A
3 D 13 D 23 D 33 E 43 A 53 C 63 A 73 D
4 E 14 A 24 C 34 D 44 C 54 A 64 D 74 A
5 C 15 D 25 D 35 B 45 A 55 A 65 B 75 B
6 A 16 B 26 A 36 C 46 E 56 C 66 E 76 E
7 D 17 C 27 D 37 E 47 A 57 D 67 D 77 C
8 A 18 A 28 A 38 A 48 D 58 E 68 B 78 C
9 A 19 D 29 E 39 B 49 A 59 B 69 A 79 D
10 B 20 B 30 B 40 A 50 E 60 E 70 D 80 A

17
18