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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
158 views22 pagesLeader Lv77
multimetro
Uploaded by
João Manuel LopesCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 22
MopeL LV-77
ELECTRONIC MULTIMETER
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
LEADER ELECTRONICS CORP. CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1 DESCRIPTION
1.1General .
1.2 Specifications. .
OPERATING CONTROLS
OPERATION
3.1 Preliminary Instructions
3.1.1 Mechanical zero adjustment
3.1.2 Use on AC line .
3.1.3 Battery installation .
3.1.4 Battery renewal ..
3.1.5 AC or battery operation
3.1.6 Check for battery condition .
3.2 DC Voltage Measurements .. .
3.3 AC RMS Voltage Measurements :
3.4 AC Peak-to-Peak Voltage Measurements
3.5 Power Level, dBm, Measurements .....
3.6 OHMS Measurements e
3.7 Center Zero Application, DC Voltage ..
3.8 Use of Special Probes . :
3.8.1 For RF voltages .......
3.8.2 For high DC voltages. .
4 MAINTENANCE
4.1 Battery Renewals .
4.1.1 Operating supply, 9volts .
4.1.2 OHMS measuring supply, 1S volts
4.2 Calibration . -
4.2.1 General .....
4.2.2 DC voltage ..
4.2.3 AC voltage ..
en
PARTS LIST
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
PRINTED IN JAPAN 1a
2)
SECTION 1 DESCRIPTION
General.
LV-77 is a wide range solid state instrument for measure-
ments of DC and AC voltages and DC resistances. Field-effect
transistors are used in the DC amplifier for high sensitivity and
reliability. For the highest covenience, it can be operated either
from the AC line or the built-in batteries. The latter feature
makes it possible to use this instrument in the field in tests on car
radios and transceivers. The lowest DC voltage range is 0.5 V full
scale which is most usful in checking low voltage circuits. For AC
line use, a regulated power supply is utilized for the highest
operating stability.
Specifications.
DC VOLTAGE
Ranges + 0-0,5-1,5-5-15-50-150-500-1500 V.
Accuracy : 43% full scale.
Input Impedance: 11 MQ, 1.1 pF at probe tip.
AC VOLTAGE
Ranges RMS : 0-1,5-5-15-50-150-500-1500 V.
PP + 0-4.2-14-42-140-420-1400-4200 V
dBm : =20 to +16, calibrated ; usable to
+66 dBm (0 dBm = 1 mW or 0.775 V
in 600 @).
Accuracy + £3% full scale.
Input Impedance: 1.17 M®, 100 pF on 1.5 V range.
(at probe tip) 1.3 MQ, 100 pF on 5 to 50 V ranges.
2.8MQ, 66 pF on 150 to 1500V
ranges.
© Frequency Response:
(referred to 1 KHz)
OHMS
Ranges
Accuracy
Power Supply AC
Dc
Size and Weight
Accessory, furnished
£3% : 30 Hz to 2 MHz, and
45%: 20Hz to 3MHz on 50 V or
lower ranges.
0.2.2 to 1000 MQ in 7 ranges,
10, 100, 1k, 10k, 1 Mand 10 M@ at
midscale,
within 3° of arc.
100-120 V, or 200-240 V as specified,
50/60 Hz ; 1.5 VA, approx.
Internal, UMG (penlight), Burgess Z or
equivalent, 1.5 V cells
For OHMS, UMI, Burgess 2, 210 or
Lea.
6 ea.
equivalent, 1.5 V cell
Current consumption, 2 mA at 9 V.
NOTE: For the 9 V supply, a unit
type battery can be used,
namely, 006P, Burgess 2U6,
Matsushita KM-7DC (mercu-
ry type) or equivalent.
200 (H) x 150 (W) x 120 (D) mm
(7-3/4" x 5-3/4" x 4-3/4”), 2.7 kg (6 Ib)
DC/AC-OHM Probe, LPB-2 lea.
Accessories available on separate order :
High voltage DC probe
RE probe, 28 V RMS max.
LPB-4
LPB-3
(500 MQ)
(50 kHz - 200 MHz) SECTION 2 OPERATIONG CONTROLS
In order to achieve the maximum usefulness of the LV-77, it is
recommended that the user becomes familiar with the functions of the
different controls, etc., which are described below.
Function SELECTOR
With six positions for the following :
PWR OFF The AC or DC (internal) power to the
instrument is turned off,
+DC
oe) Polarity settings for the DC voltage
ranges.
AC For the AC voltage, peak-to-peak volts
and dBm measurements.
2 For measurement of DC resistance.
BATT CHECK For checking the condition of the inter-
nal 9 V battery.
RANGE selector
With seven positions for setting the common ranges for DC
and AC RMS voltages, and an additional position for the
DC 0.5 V ; the full scale voltages are marked in black. The
seven OHMS ranges are marked in red.
0 ADJuster
For setting the electrical zero on the meter, at the left end
for the full scale voltage measurements and also the
“center-zero” voltage application.
2 ADJuster
For setting the pointer on the ® (infinity) mark at the right
on the OHMS scale when measuring DC resistances.
Indicating meter
With scales calibrated for DC and AC RMS volts, AC
peak-to-peak volts, OHMS and dBm.
ae 3.
AC LINE lamp This lamp will glow when the AC line supply is
being used, but not for the internal battery supply.
Probe cable connector
For connection to the connector on the probe cable.
SECTION 3 OPERATION
Preliminary Instructions.
3.1.1 Mechanical zero adjustment.
Check the 0 (zero) setting of the pointer at the left
end of the scales. If not on the 0 marking, set the screw at
center below the meter window for this condition.
3.1.2 Use on ACline. ~
Remove the cord from the compartment at the back
of the cabinet and insert the plug in the AC outlet. Make
certain that the rated voltage for the instrument is used.
3.1.3 Battery installation.
When installing the batteries for the first time, this is
done as follows
1. Disnnect the AC plug from the AC line if
connected.
2. Open the rear cover by pulling the black nylon
button.
3. Take out the molded battery holder and install
therein six UM3 (1.5 V cells) as furnished,
observing the proper polarities, and taking care
not to pull the leads too tightly. It is very
important that the polarities are correct.
4. Place the holder in the compartment and fasten
the cover. 3.1.4 Battery renewal.
A.
For renewing the batteries, the same procedure as
given above in Sect. 3.1.3 is followed.
In place of the six 1.5 V cells, a 9 V battery unit can
be used. The conventional type, 006 P, Burgess 2U6
or the newer mercury type such as Matsushita
KM-7D/C, or equivalent are suggested.
When the unit type is used, the battery snap
connector is removed from the holder and put on the
new battery. The unit is then placed at the middle
section in the compartment. Do not forget to replace
the empty holer.
3.1.5 AC or battery operation.
A.
B.
When using the AC line power, the battery supply is
cut out automatically.
If the AC plug is disconnected, the batteries will be
put in circuit without any discontinuity in measure-
ments. When the battery voltage has become low
through prolonged use, it may be necessary to set the
0 ADJ control for the electrical zero. In this case, set
the SELECTOR at BATT CHECK to check the
battery condition.
3.1.6 Check for battery condition.
The Battery condition can be checked by setting the
SELECTOR at BATT CHECK and noting the posi-
tion which should be within the BATT OK marking,
in red, at the lower part of the scale plate. NOTE : Always set the SELECTOR at PWR OFF
when not in use.
‘This sill conserve the battery.
Since solid state circuitry is employed, the instru-
ment will operate as soon as the SELECTOR is set
* for its function.
3.2. DC Voltage Measurements.
1. Connect the probe cable connector to the panel connector.
2. Switch settings :
Probe switch at DC.
SELECTOR at +DC or —DC, depending on the
voltage polarity with respect to chassis or
ground.
RANGE at the desired voltage range. If the voltage is
of unknown magnitude, set at a high range and
work down until the reading is reasonably up
on the scale for accuracy, say over 30% of full
scale.
3. Short the probe tip and check the 0 setting. Adjust the 0
ADJ control if necessary.
4. Connect the clip of the probe cable to the ground side.
Connect the probe tip to the test point where the voltage is
to be measured.
5. Read the appropriate scale and apply the scale multiplier
for the voltage.
The scales and multipliers for the defferent DC voltage
ranges are given in the chart below. RANGE, SCALE V per
VOLTS DC — BIVEION
1500 0-15 100 50
500 0-50 10 10
150 0-15 10 5
50 0-50 1 1
15 0-15 1 0.5
5 0-50 0.1 OL
1.5 0-15 0.1 0.05
0.5 0-50 0.01 0.01
3.3. AC RMS Voltage Measurements.
1. Connect the probe cable connector to the panel connector.
2. Switch settings :
Probe switch at AC-OHM.
SELECTOR at AC.
RANGE at the desired voltage range. If the voltage is
of unknown magnitude, set at high range and
work down until the reading is reasonably up
on the scale for accuracy, say over 30% of full
scale.
3. Short the probe tip and check the 0 setting. Adjust the 0
ADJ control if necessary.
4. Connect the clop of the probe cable to the ground side.
Connect the probe tip to the test point where the voltage is
to be measured.
5. Read the appropriate scale and apply the scale multiplier
for the voltage.
The scales and multipliers for the different AC voltage are
given in the chart below.
egies 3.4
Ie will be noted that there are two separate scales for AC
voltages in the low range, namely, 0 - 1.5 and 0-5 V.
RANGE SCALE V per
MULTIPLIER
V RMS RMS DIVISION
1500 0-15 100 50
500 | 0-50 10 10
150 0-15 BLACK 10 5
50 0-50 1
15 0-15 1 0.5
5 | 9-5 Green ' i
1.5 -15 1 0.05
6. The scales are calibrated in the RMS values with respect to
the peak of sinusoidal AC voltages. Any deviation from this
waveshape will introduce errors.
AC Peak-to-Peak Voltage Measurements.
The basic control settings and connections are the same as
for the AC RMS voltage measurements given in Sect. 3.3, the
only difference is in the reading of the separate scales marked in
red below the DC RMS graduations on the arcs.
The scales and multipliers for the different peark-to-peak
voltage ranges are given in the chart below. 35
PEAK-TO-PEAK | RANGE | SCALE |MULTI|P-P V PER
VOLTAGE, MAX.| SETTING] PP |PLIER | DIVISION
4200 1500 | 0-42 100 100
1400 500 | 0-140 10 20
420 150 | 0-42 10 10
140 50 | 0-140 1 2
42 15 | 0-42 1 1
14* 5 | @-140) 0.1 0.2
4.2 1.5 | (0- 42) On on
*
i Seales are not printed for the 14 and 4.2 P-P voltage
ranges ; therefore it is necessary to convert from
scales on the 0 - 40 and 0 - 42 P-P V ranges respective-
ly. The procedure is to read the indicated RMS value
on the 5 or 1.5 V RMS scales and to read off the P-P
voltage corresponding to the 50 and 15 V RMS values
and multiplying by 0.1. Alternatively, the RMS
voltage can be multiplied by 2.83 (= 22) for the
result in P-P volts.
Power Level, dBm, Measurements.
Power levels, referred to 1 mW (0.775 V) in a 600 @ load,
or line can be measured in the same manner as given in Sect. 3.3
for the AC RMS voltage measurements.
Two dBm scales, ~20 to +6 and
on the lower portion of the arcs of the 1.5 and 5 V RMS ranges,
respectively. For these two ranges, the dBm can be read off
directly.
10 to +16, are calibrated On the 15.V RMS and higher ranges, it is necessary to
convert the voltage readings to dBm on one of the low voltage
scales, For the dBm determination at these higher voltage ranges,
the procedure is as follows.
1. The AC RMS voltage is measured.
2. The dBm scale marking to be used will depend on the
voltage range as shown in the chart below, which also gives
the dBm factor to be added.
RANGE | USE dBm MARKING, ADD
dBm RANGE
VRMS_ | ON LOW V RMS SCALE | dBm
15 0-15 | 20 | Oto +26
50 0-5 20 | #10 t0 436
150 0-15 40 | +2010 +46
500 0-5 40 | +30 to +56
1500 0-18 60 | +40 to +66
3. Examples :
CONVERSION
RANGE MEASURED] TO dBm ON | coreg dBin
V RMS LOW V
SCALE IN ()
15V 178 0(1.5V) | 20 (=0+20)
s0V 35 13.3(5V) | 33.3 (=13.3 + 20)
249 3.6 OHMS Measurements.
di:
cs
Connect the probe cable connector to the panel connector.
Switch settings :
Probe switch at AC-OHM.
SELECTOR at 2 (OHM)
RANGE at desired resistance range.
Short the probe tip and check the 0 setting on the meter.
Adjust the 0 ADJ control if necessary.
Open the probe tip connection and adjust the 2 ADJ
control to set the pointer at the ee (inf.) mark at the right
end of the OHMS scale, printed in red.
Repeat the adjustments in “3” and “4” toe or three times ;
this is to achieve accuracy in the measurements.
Connect the ground clip and the probe tip across the
resistor or circuit under measurement. The value of the
resistance is the scale indication multipled by the RANGE
marking.
In order that measurements may be made on the relatively
spread out portion of the scale, the following RANGE
selector settings are recommended.
RANGE RESISTANCE TO
BE MEASURED
RX10 to 202
RX100 to 200 2
RX1k to 2000 & (2 kQ)
RX10k to 20 kQ
RX100k to 200 kQ
RX1M to 2MQ
RX10M over 2MQ.
‘cag aT
Remarks on measurements.
A
Always disconnect the power supply across the
resistor or device under test. When the component is
wired in a circuit, make certain that one or both
terminals are disconnected. Check up on the sche-
matic to see that no other resistor is in parallel.
In measuring very low resistances of the order of 1
ohm at the RX10 setting, it is necessary to take into
account the resistance of the leads (approx. 0.05 2),
contact resistance, etc., which may affect the results.
When the probe tip shorting test, with adjustment of
the 0 ADJ control, fails to set the pointer at the 0
ohm marking, the “internal 1.5 V battery must be
renewed, see Sect. 4, for directions.
Center Zero Application, DC Voltages.
‘The instrument can be used as a high impedance center zero
DC voltmeter but with one-half the full scale ranges in both
directions. It will be found useful in the tuning adjustments of
the detector circuit in FM receivers, as a sensitive balance
indicator in DC bridges and in other uses.
‘The control settings are the same as in the +DC voltage
measurements with the following exceptions :
A.
‘The 0 ADJ control is adjusted to set the pointer on the
vertical line between the — and + markings at the lower
center on the scale plate, The voltage polarity with respect
to 0 volt will depend on the direction of the deflection.
‘The full scale range will be halved.
The actual voltage is the reading in volts depends on the
RANGE setting and the scale used.
‘The following figures (= one-half full scale) must be
subtracted from the readings, 0.25, 0.75, 2.5, 7.5, 25 V,
etc, to obtain the voltages.
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