Transforming IT with Cloud Computing

Pankaj Kumar Kabra1 Dinesh Sharma2

1
B.Tech. student, 2 B.Tech. student
Department of Information and Technology
Poornima Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jaipur-302022, Rajasthan, India

E-mail: [email protected]
[email protected]

Abstract - Cloud computing promises to Internet. Users need not have knowledge of,
increase the velocity with which applications are
deployed, Increase innovation and lower costs, all expertise in, or control over the technology
while increasing business agility. Cloud infrastructure "in the cloud" that supports them.
computing describes a new supplement,
consumption, and delivery model for IT services Cloud computing is an umbrella term used to refer
based on Internet protocols, and it typically to Internet based development and services. The
involves provisioning of dynamically scalable and
often virtualized resources. This paper discusses Cloud is a metaphor for the Internet. A number of
how cloud computing transforms the way we characteristics define Cloud data, applications
design, build, and deliver applications, and the
architectural considerations that enterprises must services and infrastructure:
make when adopting and using cloud computing
technology.
 Remotely hosted – Services or data are
hosted on someone else’s infrastructure.
Keywords: protocols, architectural design, IT
services.  Ubiquitous - Services or data are available
from anywhere.
 Co modified – The result is a utility
I. Introduction Computing model similar to traditional
that of traditional utilities, like gas and
electricity. You pay for what you would
Cloud computing is Internet ("cloud") based
like.
development and use of computer technology
("computing").It is a style of computing in which
dynamically scalable and often virtualized
resources are provided as a service over the
 II. Services used by cloud computing III. How cloud computing works

a) SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS) Let's say you're an executive at a large

corporation. Your particular responsibilities
SaaS is a model of software deployment where an include making sure that all of your employees
application is hosted as a service provided to have the right hardware and software they need to
customers across the Internet. SaaS is generally do their jobs. Buying computers for everyone
used to refer to business software rather than isn't enough -- you also have to purchase software
consumer software. or software licenses to give employees the tools
b) PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS) they require. Soon, there may be an alternative for
executives like you. Instead of installing a suite of
This is the idea that someone can provide the software for each computer, you'd only have to
hardware (as in IaaS) plus a certain amount of load one application. That application would
application software - such as integration into a allow workers to log into a Web-based service
common set of programming functions or which hosts all the programs the user would need
databases as a foundation upon which you can for his or her job. Remote machines owned by
build your application.  another company would run everything from e-
C) INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IAAS) mail to word processing to complex data analysis
programs. It's called cloud computing, and it
This is the idea that someone can provide the could change the entire computer industry.
technical infrastructure for your application such
that you don't have to worry about specifying
what kind of hardware you want or what is the
machine name of the servers you are running on`.
 practically any computer program.Usually, each
application will have its own dedicated server

A central server administers the system,

monitoring traffic and client demands to ensure
everything runs smoothly. It follows a set of rules
called protocols and uses a special kind of
software called middleware which allows
networked computers to communicate with each
other.

V CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOUD
COMPUTING
IV Architecture
Cloud computing, typically entails:
When talking about a cloud computing system, it's
helpful to divide it into two sections: the front  High scalability :
end and the back end. They connect to each other Cloud environments enable servicing of
through a network usually the Internet. business requirements for larger
audiences, through high scalability.
The front end includes the client's computer (or
 Cost:
computer network) and the application required to
It is greatly reduced and capital
access the cloud computing system. Not all cloud
expenditure is converted to operational
computing systems have the same user interface.
expenditure . This lowers barriers to entry,
Services like Web-based e-mail programs
as infrastructure is typically provided by a
leverage existing Web browsers like Internet
third-party and does not need to be
Explorer or Firefox. Other systems have unique
purchased for one-time or infrequent
applications that provide network access to
intensive computing tasks. Pricing on a
clients.
utility computing basis is fine-grained with
On the back end of the system are the various usage-based options and minimal or no IT
computers, servers and data storage systems that skills are required for implementation.
create the "cloud" of computing services. In
theory, a cloud computing system could include
 Agility: o Centralization of infrastructure in
The cloud works in the ‘distributed mode’ areas with lower costs (such as real
environment. It shares resources among estate, electricity, etc.)
users and tasks, while improving efficiency o Peak-load capacity increases (users
and agility (responsiveness). need not engineer for highest
possible load-levels)
 High availability and reliability: o Utilization and efficiency
Availability of servers is high and more improvements for systems that are
reliable as the chances of infrastructure often only 10-20% utilized.
failure are minimal.
 Services in pay-per-use mode:
 Device and location independence: SLAs between the provider and the user
Enable users to access systems using a must be defined when offering services in
web browser regardless of their location or pay per use mode. This may be based on
what device they are using, e.g., PC, the complexity of services offered.
mobile. As infrastructure is off-site
(typically provided by a third-party) and  Application Programming Interfaces
accessed via the Internet the users can (APIs):
connect from anywhere. It may be offered to the users so they can
access services on the cloud by using
 Multi-sharing:
these APIs.
With the cloud working in a distributed
and shared mode, multiple users and
applications can work more efficiently
 Security :
with cost reductions by sharing common
Typically improves due to centralization
infrastructure.
of data, increased security-focused
resources, etc., but raises concerns about
 Multi-tenancy :
loss of control over certain sensitive data.
Enables sharing of resources and costs
Security is often as good as or better than
among a large pool of users, allowing for:
traditional systems, in part because
providers are able to devote resources to
 solving security issues that many cloud computing is an emerging opportunity in
this space . It is understood that TCS, INFOSYS
customers cannot afford[. Providers
and WIPRO amongst others are taking steps
typically log accesses, but accessing the towards making cloud-based services available to
their customers .A lot of challenges are required
audit logs themselves can be difficult or
to be tackled primarily related to privacy, security,
impossible. standards, interoperability, latency, performance
and reliability.

 Sustainability:
It comes about through improved resource
utilization, more efficient systems, and
carbon neutrality. Nonetheless, computers
and associated infrastructure are major
consumers of energy.

 Support for all service oriented

applications.

VI CLOUD ADVANTAGES OVER

DESKTOP SOFTWARE

Many SAAS applications are available at little to

no cost. In addition to lower software costs, IT
administration labor costs are reduced as software
does not need to be installed and constantly
patched. SAAS applications tend to be supported
by paid advertisers, thus subsidizing the cost to
the software user.
VII FUTURE OF CLOUD
COMPUTING

India is globally known for its strengths in

innovation in IT services & associated models and