‫‪٥‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻠــﻬﻢ ﻓــﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻟﺴــﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬

‫ﻋـــﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻐـــﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬـــﺎﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺭﺏ ﻛـــﻞ ﺷـــﻲﺀ ﻭﻣﻠﻴﻜـــﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺷـــﺮﺡ ﺻـــﺪﻭﺭﻧﺎ ﻟﻺﳝـــﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺒﺒــــــﻪ ﰲ ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻨــــــﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺮﻩ ﺇﻟﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺴﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼـﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﻳﻦ‪...‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺁﻣﲔ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٦‬‬

‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻭﺳﻊ ﲰﻌﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺣﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺑﻜﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻋﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﺎﻩ ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﳜﻔﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻲﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﻻ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﺗﻠﺘﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻻ ﲣﺘﻠﻂ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺟﺎﺓ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺳﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻭﺳﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺕ‬
‫ﻭﳏﻴﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺩﺑﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﺀ ﰲ ﻇﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺣﻮﺍﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﳎﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻭﻧﺎﺩﺍﻩ ﻭﲰﻴﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻔﺖ ﻭﻧﺎﺟﺎﻩ ﻭﻣﻌﻄﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺄﻝ ﻣﺒﺘﻐﺎﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺑﻔﻮﺍﺗﺢ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﻴﺔ ﺁﻣﻨﺔ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺁﺗﺎﻫﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﺍﻫﺎ ﻭﻃﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻐﻮﺍﺋﻞ ﻭﻧﻘﺎﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺑﻠﻐﻬﺎ ﺭﺿﺎﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﺧﺘﺺ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻳﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻭﻳﺴﺒﺤﻪ ﻭﻳﺜﲏ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﻄﻠﺒﻪ ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻬﺪﻳﻪ ﺳﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﺇﺟﻬﺎﺭ‪‬ﺍ‪ .‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﺰﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﻭﺍﻷﺗﻘﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺭﻓﻊ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﻫﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺟﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﲔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺪﻳﻘﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺼﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻓﺠﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪٧‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺃﲪﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﺢ ﻭﺃﻋﻄﻰ ﻭﺍﺑﺘﺪﺃ ﻭﺛﲎ ﻭﺃﺟﺰﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﺭﻏﻢ ﺗﻘﺼﲑﻫﻢ ﻭﺗﻔﺮﻳﻄﻬﻢ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﻔﻴﻪ ﻭﺧﻠﻴﻠﻪ ﻭﺧﲑﺗﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﺑﻌﺜﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﺭﲪﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺪﻯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﳌﲔ‬
‫ﺣﺠﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳊﺸﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩ‪ .‬ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺗﺒﺎﻋﻪ ﻭﺧﲑﺗﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ ﺇﱃ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺑﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﺒﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٨‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪» :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ« ﻭﰲ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪» :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ« ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﰲ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﻘﺮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻓﺮﻁ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻦ ﻗﺪ ﻓﺮﻁ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﻄﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻀﻤﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﺹ ﻭﺍﻹﻛﺜﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺑﺮﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﳑﺎ‬
‫ﳚﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﹰﺎ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﺘﻮﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﺘﺼﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺫﻧﺒﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﳍﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺰﻳﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺮﺯﻕ ﻭﻳﻄﻠﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻬﻤﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﺘﺼﻼﹰ ﺑﺮﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﹰﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﻳﺼ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻌﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻳﻐﻀﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ« ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻓﻜﺄﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻧﺴﻲ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻐﲎ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻓﻴﻐﻀﺐ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻻ ﻏﲎ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻻ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻃﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﲔ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺬﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺮﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ‪:‬‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﺴـــﺄﻟﻦ ﺑـــﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺣﺎﺟـــﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺳــﻞ ﺍﻟــﺬﻱ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺑــﻪ ﻻ ﲢﺠــﺐ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻳﻐﻀـــﺐ ﺇﻥ ﺗﺮﻛـــﺖ ﺳـــﺆﺍﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺑــﲏ ﺁﺩﻡ ﺣــﲔ ﻳﺴــﺄﻝ ﻳﻐﻀــﺐ‬
 ‫‪٩‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﻟﻴﺲ‬

‫ﺷﻲﺀ ﺃﻛﺮﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ« ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺯﻕ ﺍﳌﻌﻄﻲ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻀﻞ ﻭﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻔﺘﻘﺮﻭﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﳏﺘﺎﺟﻮﻥ ﻟﻔﻀﻠﻪ ﻭﻟﻨﻌﻤﻪ ﻓﻤﱴ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﳉﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﻓﹰﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﻔﻘﺮﻩ ﻭﺑﻌﺠﺰﻩ ﻭﲝﺎﺟﺘﻪ ﻭﰲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﲝﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻗﻮﺗﻪ ﻭﺑﻘﺪﺭﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﺰ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻞ ﻻ ﻳﺮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﳉﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻭﻻ ﳜﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﺎﻩ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻻ ﺷﻚ ﳛﻘﻖ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺑﻮﺿﻮﺡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﺤﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻟﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺧﲑ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻗﺪ ﺃﺿﺎﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻭﺃﻏﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪:‬‬
‫»ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﻟﻪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺳﺌﻞ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﻌﻄﻰ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ« ﻓﺎﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺃﻭﰐ ﺧﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻣﻪ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺣﺮﻡ ﺧﲑ‪‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻳ‪‬ﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻳﻌﻄﻴﻪ‬
‫ﳋﻠﻘﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﺑﻜﺮﻣﻪ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﳝﻨﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﲝﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﺭﲪﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺷﻚ ﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ‪‬ﺍ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻬﻤﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺣﺮﻳﺼ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺭﲟﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﲢﻘﻘﺔ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻜﺎﻥ ﺷﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﲝﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﺭﲪﺘﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﻄﻲ ﻭﳝﻨﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﳌﻦ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻣﱴ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺮﲪﺘﻪ ﻭﻋﺪ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﳌﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻭﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬

‫ﻭﺭﺟﺎﻩ ﻭﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﻗﻦ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﹰﺎ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ‪» :‬ﺍﺩﻋﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﻗﻨﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ﻻﻩ« ﻓﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻀﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ‬
‫ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﺍﳌﺨﻠﺺ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻧﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲜﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﲡﻤﻊ ﺍﳋﲑ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻭﺗﻐﲏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﺓ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ‬
‫ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪) :‬ﻛﺎﻥ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﻣﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺪﻉ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺫﻟﻚ( ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺼﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻮﻱ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺄﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﺴﲑ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻌﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺭﻳﺐ ﻫﻮ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺳﺄﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻴﻜﻦ ﺳﺌﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫»ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺄﻟﺘﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺎﺳﺄﻟﻮﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﻮﻗﻪ ﻋﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺗﻔﺠﺮ ﺃ‪‬ﺎﺭ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ« ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﺎ ﻧﺴﺄﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩﻭﺱ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺁﻣﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻫﻮ ﺣﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳝﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬
 ‫‪١١‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻳﻠﺠﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﱴ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻓﻴﻘﻒ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻭﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﱴ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﳝﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﳑﻦ ﺭﺿﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﻠﻬﻤﻪ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ‪‬ﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺗﺼﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻛﺎﻟﺴﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻻ ﳛﻴﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮﻣﺎﻩ ﻭﻳﻌﻠﻤﻪ ﺩﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﻻ ﺗﺮﺩ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺄﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻠﺐ ﺧﻀﻮﻉ ﺧﺸﻮﻉ ﻣﻨﻄﺮﺡ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ‬
‫ﺭﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺘﻘﺎﺭ ﻻﺋﺬ ﺑﺮﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻻ ﻳﺆﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﲢﺼﻴﻞ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺩﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺆﺗﺎﻩ ﺑﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻭﺑﺒﺼﲑﺓ ﻭﺑﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺧﻼﺹ ﻭﺻﺪﻕ ﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﺿ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺧﺸﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﻭﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻳﺆﺗﺎﻫﺎ ﺃﻱ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺑﻞ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻬﺎ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﳌﻦ ﺃﺣﺐ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻘﺬﻓﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺿﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺋﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻣﺜﹰﻼ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﻭﻳﻠﻬﻤﻬﻢ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻭﳚﺮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﺴﻨﺘﻬﻢ ﺃﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﰲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﺏ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﻛﻨﺰ ﲦﲔ ﻳﺆﺗﻴﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﺻﺪﻕ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ]ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ‪ :[٢٨٢‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﺗ‪‬ﻘﹸﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻠﱢﻤ‪‬ﻜﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ‪ ‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺗﻘﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﻭﺃﳍﻤﻪ ﻭﺃﻓﺎﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻌﻴﻤﻪ ﻭﻛﻨﻮﺯﻩ ﻭﻛﺸﻒ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺃﺑﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻐﻠﻖ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪١٢‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺭﺃﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪:‬‬
‫»ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻳﺒﺴﻂ ﻳﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻟﻴﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﺴﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺒﺴﻂ ﻳﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ ﻟﻴﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﺴﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻐﺮ‪‬ﺎ« ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﻭﻟﻠﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻭﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺒﺴﻂ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﰲ ﺃﻱ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﺎﺭ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﲏ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺃﻱ ﻭﻗﺖ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪» :‬ﻳﻨﺰﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺣﲔ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺛﻠﺚ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻘﻮﻝ ﻫﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﺄﻋﻄﻴﻪ؟ ﻫﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺍﻉ ﻓﺄﺳﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻪ؟ ﻫﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﻓﺄﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻪ؟« ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻌﺮﺽ‬
‫ﺭﲪﺘﻪ ﻭﻳﻬﻴﺊ ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﺣﲔ‬
‫ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻒ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩ ﻭﳜﻀﻊ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﻭﻳﻨﺎﺟﻴﻪ ﲝﺎﺟﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﺗﻈﻠﻤﺎﺗﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻧﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻳﻄﻠﺒﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻩ ﻭﺣﻮﺍﺋﺠﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﻓﻀﻠﻪ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻻ‬
‫ﳝﻨﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺌﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻙ ﺗﻐﻠﻖ ﺃﺑﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺣﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻓﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻙ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺩﺍﺋﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﱴ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺩﺧﻠﻪ ﻭﻭﻗﻒ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﻳﺪﻱ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻭﻋﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺘﻪ ﻭﺣﺎﺟﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺩﻋﻮﺍﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺭﺃﻓﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﻠﺺ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﰲ ﺍﳋﻀﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﻻﳓﻨﺎﺀ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﻳﺪﻱ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻀﻄﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﳏﺘﺎﺟ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
 ‫‪١٣‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺯﺍﻫﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﺭﻋ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﺮﻳﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺣﺮﻯ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﺣﲔ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻛﻼﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻫﻢ ﻻ ﺗﻠﺘﺒﺲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻟﺴﻨﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﲣﺘﻠﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻐﺎ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺮﻫﻘﻪ ﺣﺎﺟﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺸﻐﻠﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻭﺻﺪﻕ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻞ ﰲ ﳏﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺰﻳﻞ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ]ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ‪ :[١٨٦‬ﻭ‪‬ﺇﹺﺫﹶﺍ ﺳ‪‬ﺄﹶﻟﹶﻚ‪‬‬
‫ﻋ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺎﺩ‪‬ﻱ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻲ ﻓﹶﺈﹺﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﻗﹶﺮﹺﻳﺐ‪ ‬ﺃﹸﺟﹺﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺓﹶ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍﻉﹺ ﺇﹺﺫﹶﺍ ﺩ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻄﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﳎﻴﺐ ﳌﻦ‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻱ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﰲ ﺃﻱ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﱴ ﺩﻋﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﺟﺪ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﲰﻴﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﻪ ﳎﻴﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﻩ ﻓﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺳﺒﺐ‬
‫ﻧﺰﻭﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺑﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺃﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻓﻨﻨﺎﺟﻴﻪ ﺃﻡ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﻓﻨﻨﺎﺩﻳﻪ ﻓﺴﻜﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻧﺰﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺇﹺﺫﹶﺍ ﺳ‪‬ﺄﹶﻟﹶﻚ‪ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺎﺩ‪‬ﻱ ﻋ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻲ ﻓﹶﺈﹺﻧ‪‬ﻲ ﻗﹶﺮﹺﻳﺐ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﹸﺟﹺﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺓﹶ ﺍﻟﺪ‪‬ﺍﻉﹺ ﺇﹺﺫﹶﺍ ﺩ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﻓﹶﻠﹾﻴ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺠﹺﻴﺒ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﻟ‪‬ﻲ ﻭ‪‬ﻟﹾﻴ‪‬ﺆ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﺑﹺﻲ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﱴ ﺩﻋﻮﻩ ﲰﻌﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺟﺎ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﱯ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﻓﹶﺎﺳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺎﺏ‪ ‬ﻟﹶﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪] ‬ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ [١٩٥ :‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﺟﺎ‪‬ﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺯﺍﻟﻮﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ )ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ( ﺣﱴ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﳍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺟﻌﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ‪) :‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﺰﺑﻪ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﲬﺲ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‪ :‬ﺭﺑﻨﺎ؛ ﺃﳒﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﳑﺎ ﳜﺎﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻗﺮﺅﻭﺍ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺘﻢ ‪‬ﺍﻟﱠﺬ‪‬ﻳﻦ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪١٤‬‬

‫ﻳ‪‬ﺬﹾﻛﹸﺮ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ‪ ‬ﻗ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﺎﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹸﻌ‪‬ﻮﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﻭ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻠﹶﻰ ﺟ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻮﺑﹺﻬﹺﻢ‪ ‬ﺇﱃ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪‬ﺇﹺﻧ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﻟﹶﺎ‬
‫ﺗ‪‬ﺨ‪‬ﻠ‪‬ﻒ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻴﻌ‪‬ﺎﺩ‪] ‬ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ [١٩٥-١٩١ :‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻥ ﻟﻔﻆ )ﺭﺑﻨﺎ(‬
‫ﻭﺭﺩ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﲬﺲ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﰒ ﺗﺒﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﻓﹶﺎﺳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺠ‪‬ﺎﺏ‪ ‬ﻟﹶﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻼﹰ ﲬﺲ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ )ﺭﺑﻨﺎ(‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺔ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﻭﺣﺮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺄﺩﺏ ‪‬ﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺒﺎﺗﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳚﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺩﺏ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻲ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻜﺮﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻭﺭﲪﺘﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻬﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻮﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ‬
‫‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﳚﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﻃﻬﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺇﱃ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﺼﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺴﻘﻲ ﻓﺪﻋﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺴﻘﻰ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻠﺔ(‪ .‬ﻭﳚﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻳﺔ ﻭﺟﻬﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ]ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪:[١١٥ :‬‬
‫‪‬ﻓﹶﺄﹶﻳ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﺗ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻟﱡﻮﺍ ﻓﹶﺜﹶﻢ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﺟ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﰒ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‬
 ‫‪١٥‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻭﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﺽ ﺃﺑﻄﻴﻪ( ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‬

‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﺇﻥ ﺭﺑﻜﻢ ﺣﻴﻲ ﻛﺮﱘ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺩﳘﺎ ﺻﻔﺮ‪‬ﺍ« ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻻ ﳜﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺟﺎﻩ ﻭﺩﻋﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ)‪.(١‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻀﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﻋﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺒﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﻘﻒ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﺭﺍﻓﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻓﻴﺪﻋﻮﻩ ﺑﻘﻠﺐ ﺧﺎﺷﻊ ﻭﻋﻘﻞ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻭﻧﻔﺲ‬
‫ﻃﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻭﻋﺰﻡ ﺃﻛﻴﺪ ﻭﺑﻠﺴﺎﻥ ﺻﺎﺩﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻜﺮﻣﻪ ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ‪» :‬ﺍﺩﻋﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻣﻮﻗﻨﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻏﺎﻓﻞ ﻻﻩ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻦ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻀﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﻴﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﲰﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﰲ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺳﺌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻴﻤﲔ ﻋﻦ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﰲ ﳎﻤﻮﻉ ﻓﺘﺎﻭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ‪ .١٣‬ﻓﺘﻮﻯ ﺭﻗﻢ )‪ (٥٧٠‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ »ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ«‪ :‬ﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻣﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺴﻘﺎﺀ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻣﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﻛﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﻛﺎﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﺪ‪ .‬ﻻ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﻯ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻸﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪١٦‬‬

‫ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪) :‬ﻋﺠﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰒ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻟﻐﲑﻩ ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺻﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﻓﻠﻴﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﺘﺤﻤﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﰒ ﻟﻴﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪‬‬
‫ﰒ ﻟﻴﺪﻉ ﺑﻌﺪ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ(‪ .‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻭﻋﻤﺮ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻠﺴﺖ ﺑﺪﺃﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﰒ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ‬
‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪» :‬ﺳﻞ ﺗﻌﻄﻪ ﺳﻞ ﺗﻌﻄﻪ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪» :‬ﻻ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﱄ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺭﲪﲏ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ ﻟﻴﻌﺰﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻣﻜﺮﻩ ﻟﻪ« ﺃﻱ ﻟﻴﺤﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺘﺴﺎﻫﻞ ﻭﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﳜﻴ‪‬ﺮ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻡ ﻻ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺃﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﺠﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺛﻼﺛﹰﺎ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮ ﺛﻼﺛﹰﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﺍﻹﳊﺎﺡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﺍﻭﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺪﻱ ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪» :‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﳛﺐ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻠﺤﲔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ« ﻭﺍﻹﳊﺎﺡ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻹﻛﺜﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﺍﻭﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﱴ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﻭﻳﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﳊﺬﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‪» :‬ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻗﻮﺍﻡ ﻳﻌﺘﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ «...‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﻭﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﰲ‬
 ‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﲡﺎﻭﺯ ﺍﳊﺪ ﻛﺄﻧﻪ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻘﻞ‬

‫ﲢﻘﻴﻘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺣﺎﰎ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﳎﻠﺰ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﺇﹺﻧ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻟﹶﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳﻦ‪] ‬ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‪ [٥٥ :‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﻻ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺄﻟﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ( ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻮﻃﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﺜﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻮﻛﺎﱐ ﰲ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻃﱯ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ‪) :‬ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍﺀ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﺡ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﺔ ﻧﱯ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﰲ ﳏﺎﻝ ﻭﳓﻮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻄﻂ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻃﺎﻟﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﻏﲑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﲟﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻓﻴﺘﺨﲑ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻇﹰﺎ ﻣﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺠﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺘﺮﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﻭﻛﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﳝﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺍﳊﺬﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪» :‬ﻻ ﺗﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻜﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻭﻻﺩﻛﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺪﻣﻜﻢ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺗﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻜﻢ ﻻ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻘﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻧﻴﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻜﻢ« ﻓﻠﻴﺤﺬﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺣﱴ ﻻ ﻳﻮﻗﻊ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﰲ‬
‫ﺣﺮﺝ ﻳﻨﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻨﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻃﻴﻠﺔ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١١‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﺲ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﻟﻐﲑﻩ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ‪) :‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺃﺣﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻓﺪﻋﺎ ﻟﻪ ﺑﺪﺃ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻪ(‪ ..‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪١٨‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪» :‬ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻷﺧﻴﻪ ﺑﻈﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ‬

‫ﻣﻠﻚ ﻣﻮﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻷﺧﻴﻪ ﲞﲑ –ﻭﰲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ‪ :‬ﺑﺸﻲﺀ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﻛﻞ ﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺁﻣﲔ ﻭﻟﻚ ﲟﺜﻞ« ﻭﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪» :‬ﺇﻥ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﻏﺎﺋﺐ ﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٢‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺠﺎﻝ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪» :‬ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻷﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻌﺠﻞ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺐ ﱄ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٣‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﻘﻮﻝ ﺁﻣﲔ ﻭﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻫﻮ ﺍ‪‬ﻴﺐ ﳌﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻟﻌﻤﻮﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﻣﲔ ﻭﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﰲ ﻗﺼﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻼﻋﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﺪ ﳒﺮﺍﻥ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻓﺄﻣﻨﻮﺍ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٤‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﺑﺘﻐﺎﺀ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﱪﻛﺔ ﳌﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺮ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﱂ ﻳﺮﺩﳘﺎ‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﳝﺴﺢ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٥‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﻥ ﳛﻘﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻲ ﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﶈﻘﻘﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍ‪‬ﺮﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻞ ﺳﻌﻲ ﻭﺑﺬﻝ ﻟﻸﺳﺒﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻌﻤﻮﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ‪ ‬ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﳌﺎ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﲢﻘﻘﻪ ﻭﺣﺼﻮﻟﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﻐﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﻓﻴﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ ﻭﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻥ‬
 ‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ؟!‪.‬‬

‫‪ -١٦‬ﻳﺴﺘﺤﺐ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﲢﺮﻱ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺿﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻊ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻐﻼﻝ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺣﺮﻯ ﻭﺃﺩﻋﻰ ﻭﺁﻛﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٧‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﲡﻨﺐ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳊﺬﺭ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﰲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﺭﻳﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﲤﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺬﺭﻧﺎ ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﳚﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﲡﻨﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳊﺬﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﰲ ﺷﻲﺀ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻋﻨﺪﳘﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻏﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻧﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰒ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﰒ ﳜﺘﻢ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ .‬ﻭﻻ ﺑﺄﺱ ﺑﺘﺄﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ .‬ﺍﳌﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﳛﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻧﺼﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺐ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻀﺎﺭﻩ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬

‫ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﳝﻨﻊ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻹﳊﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺜﻴﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻋﺪﻡ ﺑﺬﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻫﻞ ﰲ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﻔﺎﻑ ﺑﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﺺ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺮﻛﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺃﺩﺍﺋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺃﻭﻗﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﺪ ﳝﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﻧﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺃﻛﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﺍﻡ ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﹰﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪» :‬ﻳﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻃﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺇﻻ ﻃﻴﺒ‪‬ﺎ‪ ...‬ﻓﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻳﻄﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﺃﺷﻌﺚ ﺃﻏﱪ ﳝﺪ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺏ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺏ ﻭﻣﻄﻌﻤﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﻣﺸﺮﺑﻪ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﻣﻠﺒﺴﻪ‬
‫ﺣﺮﺍﻡ ﻭﻏﺬﻱ ﺑﺎﳊﺮﺍﻡ ﻓﺄﱏ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ« ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ )ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ(‬
‫ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻓﺮ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﻫﻮ )ﻣﻨﻘﻄﻊ( ﻭﻟﻠﻤﻨﻘﻄﻊ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻮ )ﺃﺷﻌﺚ ﺃﻏﱪ( ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺻﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺐ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﺑﺴﻮﺍﻩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﲟﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪» :‬ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺪﻉ ﺑﺈﰒ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻄﻴﻌﺔ ﺭﺣﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﲑ ﻇﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻋﺪﻭﺍﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺣﺮﺍﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ‬
 ‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻮﻃﻲ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﺜﻮﺭ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﻛﺎﱐ ﰲ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ‬

‫ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﺇﹺﻧ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻟﹶﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳﻦ‪‬‬
‫]ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‪ [٥٥ :‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪) :‬ﻻ ﺗﺪﻋﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺰﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻨﻪ ﻭﳓﻮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﺪﻭﺍﻥ(‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ »ﺁﻣﲔ ﻭﻟﻚ ﲟﺜﻞ«‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺑﺴﻮﺀ ﻓﻠﻚ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻟﻪ ﲞﲑ ﻓﻠﻚ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ‬
‫ﲞﲑ ﺃﻭ ﺑﺸﺮ ﻓﺎﺧﺘﺮ ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻚ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺧﲑﻩ ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﱴ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻭﰲ ﺃﻱ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﺣﲔ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﲔ ﻟﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﻭﺩﻟﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻜﻦ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺣﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﺤﺮﺍﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻐﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻪ ﻟﺮﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺁﻛﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻓﻀﻠﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺩﺍﺋﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻭﰲ ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺖ ﻳﺴﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﻒ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻳﻠﺠﺄ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺭﻛﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻮﺩ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪:‬‬
‫»ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺳﺎﺟﺪ ﻓﺄﻛﺜﺮﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﻤﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻟﻜﻢ« ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﻗﻤﻦ ﺃﻱ ﺣﺮﻱ ﻭﺁﻛﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻮﻉ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻗﻨﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٢٢‬‬

‫ﻟﻌﻤﻮﻡ ﻓﻌﻠﻪ ‪ ‬ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ‬

‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺃﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬
‫ﻷﺣﺪ ﻗﻨﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﻛﻮﻉ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻬﺪ‪...» :‬ﰒ ﻳﺘﺨﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺩﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﺃﻱ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻭﻗﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻌﲎ »ﺩﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ« ﺃﻱ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﳌﺎ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻱ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﲰﻊ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﺟﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻭﺩﺑﺮ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ« ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺃﲰﻊ‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻟﻺﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﰲ ﺃﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻦ‪» :‬ﻻ ﻳﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﺫﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻭﺃﲪﺪ‪» :‬ﺛﻼﺙ ﺩﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺷﻚ ﻓﻴﻬﻦ‬
‫– ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﻦ – ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ‪.«..‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺿﻄﺮﺍﺭ ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻘﻄﺎﻉ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ‬
‫ﳏﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺰﻳﻞ‪ :‬ﻗﹶﺎﻝﹶ ﻛﹶﻠﱠﺎ ﺇﹺﻥﱠ ﻣ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻲ‪ ‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻲ ﺳ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳﻦﹺ‪] ‬ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ‪.[٦٢ :‬‬
 ‫‪٢٣‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫‪ -٩‬ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻈﻠﻮﻡ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻭﺃﲪﺪ‪» :‬ﺛﻼﺙ ﺩﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﻻ ﺷﻚ ﻓﻴﻬﻦ –‬
‫ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﻦ – ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﻈﻠﻮﻡ‪.«...‬‬
‫‪ -١٠‬ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﻄﺮﻩ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪» :‬ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺮﺩ ﺩﻋﻮ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺋﻢ ﺣﱴ ﻳﻔﻄﺮ‪«...‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﻪ‪» :‬ﺇﻥ ﻟﻠﺼﺎﺋﻢ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻓﻄﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺩ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١١‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﺛﻨﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺩﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﻭﲢﺖ ﺍﳌﻄﺮ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﱪﺍﱐ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﺗﻔﺘﺢ‬
‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﻮﺍﻃﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻮﻑ ﰲ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﺰﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺚ ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺭﺅﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٢‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ ﻭﺍﶈﺘﻀﺮ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺣﻀﺮﰎ ﺍﳌﺮﻳﺾ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻴﺖ ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻮﺍ ﺧﲑ‪‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﻳﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٣‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻇﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﺇﻥ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﻏﺎﺋﺐ ﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٤‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﱪﺍﱐ‬
‫ﻭﻏﲑﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﺎﺽ ﺑﻦ ﺳﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٢٤‬‬

‫ﻓﻠﻪ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﻣﺴﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ« ﻭﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﱀ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬
‫ﳚﻤﻊ ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀﻩ ﻟﻴﺆﻣﻨﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻪ ﳌﺎ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻋﻦ ﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ )ﻭﺃﻥ ﳛﻀﺮ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻭﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺅﻩ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﱪﺍﱐ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻧﺲ )ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺧﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﲨﻊ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻭﺩﻋﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٥‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﺀ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﺍﱄ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﺣﺮﻯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﺳﺮﻩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺍﺋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺏ ﻓﻠﻴﻜﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﺀ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٦‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﳑﺎ ﳜﺎﻑ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﳛﺬﺭ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﺋﺐ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺏ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﻻ ﻳﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﺀ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﱪ«‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٧‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ ﻟﻐﲑ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫»ﺧﲑ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺧﻠﻖ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺧﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻫﺒﻂ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺪ ﻣﺆﻣﻦ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﻗﺒﺾ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﻳﻘﻠﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺧﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻧﻮﻋﲔ ﳘﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻭﺷﻜﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻭﲪﺪﻩ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪:‬‬
 ‫‪٢٥‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫»ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ« ﻓﻔﻲ‬

‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻫﻮ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻷﻥ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﲪﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﳌﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺫﻛﺮ ﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻔﻀﻠﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﺑﻨﻌﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ‬
‫ﲢﺼﻰ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻭﺃﲪﺪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺧﲑ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﻴﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻗﺪﻳﺮ« ﻓﻔﻲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻫﻮ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺧﲑ ﺃﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﳌﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺣﻴﺪﻩ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﻧﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳌﻠﻚ ﻟﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻐﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺃﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻗﺪﻳﺮ ﻭﻻ ﺭﺍﺩ ﳌﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ)‪.(١‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‪ :‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻛﻞ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻳﺮﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻟﺮﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻃﺎﻟﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻪ ﻭﳛﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺆﻟﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﻄﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﹰﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﻭﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻭﺷﻜﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻭﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻳﺮﻓﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻟﺮﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻳﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻫﻮ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺬﻛﺮﻩ ﻭﺷﻜﺮﻩ ﻭﲪﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺧﲑ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻫﻮ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻋﺮﻓﺔ ﳌﺎ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻨﺰﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﲪﺎﺕ ﻭﺩﻧﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻒ ﻭﻣﺒﺎﻫﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻼﺋﻜﺘﻪ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﻘﺎﺭ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻱ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺝ ﻳﻠﻬﺠﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻬﺘﻔﻮﻥ ﻭﻳﺪﻋﻮﻥ ﺭﺑ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪...‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٢٦‬‬

‫ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻟﻨﺎ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﻭﻻ ﺭﻳﺐ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻠﻤﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻀﺮﻩ ﰲ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻩ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ﻭﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﻟﻪ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻭﺩﻧﻴﺎﻩ ﻭﺁﺧﺮﺗﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻏﲑ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻻ ﻳﻀﻴﻊ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﳚﺎﺯﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﲞﲑ ﰲ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪» :‬ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺁﺗﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺻﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺪﻉ‪ ‬ﺑﺈﰒ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻄﻴﻌﺔ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ‪ :‬ﺇﺫﹰﺍ ﻧﻜﺜﺮ؟ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﷲ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ« ﺃﻱ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺇﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﻋﻄﺎﺀً‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺪ ﻭﻋﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﺑﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻭﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺧﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻪ‬
‫ﺫﺍﻙ ﻭﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻪ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ ﻭﳛﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺗﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﺋﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻜﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﺧﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺇﱃ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻴﺜﻴﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﺑﺄﻛﺜﺮ ﳑﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺮﻧﻮ ﻭﻳﺆﻣﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﹰﺍ ﺍﳌﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﺧﺼﺎﻝ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻫﺒﺎﺀ ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‪ .‬ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﳜﺘﺎﺭ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﻳﺪﺧﺮ‬
 ‫‪٢٧‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻟﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﻳﺼﺮﻑ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ ﲝﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﻭﺭﲪﺘﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﻣﱴ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺧﺮ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻜﺘﻤﻞ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﻀﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﳛﺼﻞ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺧﲑ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﳛﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺆﻟﻪ ﻭﻳﻌﻄﻴﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻏﲑ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺑﻄﺒﻌﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﻌﺠﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻭﻻ ﻳﺼﱪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺄﺧﺮﺕ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻈﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺩﻋﺎﺀﻩ ﻗﺪ ﺿﺎﻉ ﻓﻴﺘﺮﻛﻪ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳋﺴﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳊﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻹﻛﺜﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﺣﺴﺮﺓ ﻭﻧﺪﺍﻣﺔ ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﺄﺧﺮﺕ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺆﺧﺮ ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ‬
‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺧﲑ ﻟﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪» :‬ﻻ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺪﻉ ﺑﺈﰒ‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﻗﻄﻴﻌﺔ ﺭﺣﻢ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﺠﻞ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺠﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻓﻠﻢ ﺃﺭ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﱄ ﻓﻴﺴﺘﺤﺴﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻳﺪﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ«‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﳌﻔﺴﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻮﻃﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺜﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻮﻛﺎﱐ ﰲ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﻗﹶﺪ‪ ‬ﺃﹸﺟﹺﻴﺒ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺩ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻜﹸﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﹶﺎﺳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻘ‪‬ﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎ‪] ‬ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪ [٨٩ :‬ﻗﻮﳍﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﻳﺰﻋﻤﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻓﺮﻋﻮﻥ ﻣﻜﺚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ‬
‫ﺳﻨﺔ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٢٨‬‬

‫ﻭﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﻧﻮﺡ ‪ ‬ﳌﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﺪﻋﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﻣﺎﺋﱵ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻷﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺰﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺠﺮ ﰒ ﻳﻘﻄﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺒﲏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻐﺮﻕ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﻠﻪ ﺣﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻫﺮ ﺣﱴ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻭﺃﻫﻠﻚ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ‪ ‬ﳌﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺠﱪﻳﻦ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺔ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺟﻬﻞ ﻭﻋﺘﺒﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺭﺑﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻏﺰﻭﺓ ﺑﺪﺭ ﻓﹶﻘﹸﺘ‪‬ﻠﹸﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺑﺔ‬
‫ﲦﺎﱐ ﺳﻨﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﳍﺎ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻘﺪﺭﻩ‬
‫ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻓﻌﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺠﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﺎﻕ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻷﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻌﺒﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻭﻫﻠﺔ ﻭﺃﻭﻝ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫ﳍﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻷﻫﻠﻚ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺑﻌﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻜﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺐ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﻀﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻇﻠﻤﻪ ﻭﻗﺪ ﳛﺼﻞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﺗﻔﻪ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺃﺣﻘﺮﻫﺎ ﻭﻣﻊ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺎﷲ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺮﲪﺘﻪ ﻭﻛﺮﻣﻪ ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ‬
‫ﳍﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﻭﻟﻮﻗﻌﻮﺍ ﰲ ﺣﺮﺝ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻓﺎﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻳﺒﲔ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺟﻼﹰ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻮﻗﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺑﻌﻠﻤﻪ ﺟﻞ ﰲ ﻋﻼﻩ ﳛﻘﻖ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﳑﺎ‬
‫ﻳﺆﻣﻞ ﻭﻳﺮﺟﻮ ﻭﳝﻨﻊ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﳑﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺭﲪﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺃﺑﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻨﺎ‬
 ‫‪٢٩‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻧﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﻐﻔﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻄﻨﺎ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪.‬‬

‫ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺧﻄﺮ ﳜﺸﻰ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﳌﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﻏﲑ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﺳﻼﺣ‪‬ﺎ ﺫﺍ ﺣﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﺍﳋﻄﺮ ﻳﻜﻤﻦ ﰲ ﻋﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺣﺬﺭ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﺪﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻣﺎ ﳛﺼﻞ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﻓﻬﻦ ﻳﻘﻌﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻟﻘﻠﺔ ﺻﱪﻫﻦ ﻭﺗﺴﺮﻋﻬﻦ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﻌﺎﳍﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻊ ﻧﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﳍﻦ ﺍﳍﺪﺍﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﺟﻴﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺟﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺣﺎﰎ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪» :‬ﱂ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻬﺪ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻋﻴﺴﻰ ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺑﲏ ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺟﺮﻳﺞ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺼﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺗﻪ ﺃﻣﻪ ﻓﺪﻋﺘﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﺟﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ؛ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻻ‬
‫ﲤﺘﻪ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺮﻳﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﻣﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺞ ﰲ ﺻﻮﻣﻌﺘﻪ ﻓﺘﻌﺮﺿﺖ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺘﻪ ﻓﺄﰉ ﻓﺄﺗﺖ ﺭﺍﻋﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﺄﻣﻜﻨﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻓﻮﻟﺪﺕ ﻏﻼﻣ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺞ ﻓﺄﺗﻮﻩ ﻓﻜﺴﺮﻭﺍ ﺻﻮﻣﻌﺘﻪ ﻭﺃﻧﺰﻟﻮﻩ ﻭﺳﺒﻮﻩ ﻓﺘﻮﺿﺄ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﰒ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻮﻙ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻼﻡ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻋﻲ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﺒﲏ ﺻﻮﻣﻌﺘﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻫﺐ ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻃﲔ‪.(١)«...‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻭﺗﻜﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‪ ...» :‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻣﺮﺃﺓ ﺗﺮﺿﻊ ﺍﺑﻨﺎ ﳍﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲏ ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺮ ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺟﻞ ﺭﺍﻛﺐ ﺫﻭ ﺷﺎﺭﺓ ‪-‬ﺃﻱ ﺫﻭ ﺷﺄﻥ‪ ،-‬ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﺑﲏ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻓﺘﺮﻙ ﺛﺪﻳﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻛﺐ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻻ ﲡﻌﻠﲏ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﳝﺼﻪ ﰒ ﻣﺮﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺄﻣﺔ‪ ‬ﲡﺰﺭ ﻭﻳﻠﻌﺐ ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻻ ﲡﻌﻞ ﺍﺑﲏ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﺘﺮﻙ ﺛﺪﻳﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺟﻌﻠﲏ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﺖ ﱂ ﺫﺍﻙ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻛﺐ ﺟﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﺑﺮﺓ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷَﻣ‪‬ﺔﹸ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ‬
‫ﳍﺎ ﺯﻧﻴﺖ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﱯ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ﺳﺮﻗﺖ ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﱯ ﺍﷲ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٣٠‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺍﺑﺘﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺟﺮﻳﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪ ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺃﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﳒﺎﻩ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﺼﺪﻕ ﻧﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﺣﺴﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﺨﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻐﲑ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﻮﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺑﺴﻮﺀ ﻇﻠﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺪﻭﺍﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻷﻱ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﺎﻓﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻣﺎ ﳛﺼﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺒﺘﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﲟﺎ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﺍ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ‪) :‬ﻭﻟﻚ ﲟﺜﻞ(‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﲟﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﳛﺼﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻃﲔ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﺟﻴﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺑﻠﻌﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﻮﺭﺍﺀ ﻋﺎﺑﺪ ﺑﲏ‬
‫ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﺍﳌﻔﺴﺮﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﺍﺗ‪‬ﻞﹸ‬
‫ﻋ‪‬ﻠﹶﻴ‪‬ﻬﹺﻢ‪ ‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺄﹶ ﺍﻟﱠﺬ‪‬ﻱ ﺁَﺗ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺎﻩ‪ ‬ﺁَﻳ‪‬ﺎﺗ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﹶﺎﻧ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﻠﹶﺦ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﹶﺄﹶﺗ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ﻄﹶﺎﻥﹸ ﻓﹶﻜﹶﺎﻥﹶ‬
‫ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻐ‪‬ﺎﻭﹺﻳﻦ‪] ‬ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‪) :[١٧٥ :‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻠﻌﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﻮﺭﺍﺀ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻭﰐ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻢ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﳎﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﰲ ﺑﲏ‬
‫ﺇﺳﺮﺍﺋﻴﻞ ﻳﺮﻳﺪ ﻗﺘﺎﻝ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﺭﻳﻦ ﺳﺄﻝ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺑﻠﻌﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﻮﺭﺍﺀ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻓﻘﺎﻡ ﻟﻴﺪﻋﻮ ﻓﺘﺤﻮﻝ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻻ ﺃﻗﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﳑﺎ ﺗﺴﻤﻌﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻧﺪﻟﻊ ﻟﺴﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺪﺭﻩ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻗﺪ ﺫﻫﺒﺖ ﻣﲏ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ( ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﻧﻪ ﲢﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺑﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﻛﺎﻥ ﳎﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻭﻭﱄ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﲰﻪ ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻢ ﺇﱃ ﻭﱄ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﳌﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲟﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻧﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪٣١‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫‪ -٤‬ﺣﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻀﺮﺗﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ‬

‫ﻻ ﻳﺪﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﳌﻦ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﻳﺼ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓﺎﺣﺬﺭ ﺃﺧﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺩﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﺿﺮﺭﻫﺎ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﻻ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺄﺛﻮﺭ‪) :‬ﻳﺎ ﺣﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻴﻮﻡ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻳﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻳﺎ ﺫﺍ ﺍﳉﻼﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻹﻛﺮﺍﻡ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﺖ ﺑﺮﲪﺘﻚ ﻧﺴﺘﻐﻴﺚ ﺃﺻﻠﺢ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺷﺄﻧﻨﺎ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻠﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ ﻃﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﲔ ﻭﻻ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻠﻘﻚ( ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺎ ﳚﻌﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻔﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﻳﻨﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻓﺒﺪﻻﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﲑ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻪ ﻳﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﺮﻩ ﻭﺑﻐﻴﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﺗﻄﺎﻭﻟﻪ؛ ﻓﻠﻴﺤﺬﺭ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺬﺭ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺑﺎﻻﹰ ﻭﺧﺴﺮﺍﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﻧﻌﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻧﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﳍﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺷﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳊﻖ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺁﻣﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﺣﺬﺭ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﺟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻗﺪ ﳛﺮﺹ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﲢﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﻳﺘﻤﲎ‬
‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﲡﺪﻩ ﻳﻠﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻭﻛﺜﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻳﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻓﻴﻘﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﰲ‬
‫ﺣﺮﺝ ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﳛﺴﺐ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﳜﻄﺮ ﺑﺒﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻔﻄﻦ ﳌﺴﺄﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﲝﻖ ﻣﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٣٢‬‬

‫ﰲ ﺃﻥ ﳛﻘﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﰲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﻓﻘﻪ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﲝﻖ ﺫﻟﻚ‬

‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﳛﺐ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻭﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼﹰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻏﻨﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻬﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺯﻭﺟﺔ ﲨﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﻄﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺮﻣﻮﻗﹰﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺯﻗﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻭ‪...‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻏﺘﲎ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺰﻭﺝ ﺑﺎﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺯﻕ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﱂ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻢ ﲝﻖ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﻏﻨﺎﻩ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ ﺃﻭ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﺼﺒﻪ ﻋﺪﻭﺍ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺷﺎﻏﻼﹰ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﲡﺪﻩ ﻳﺘﻤﲎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﱂ ﻳﺴﺘﺠﺐ ﻟﻪ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﺑﻌﺪﺗﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﱂ ﺗﻘﺮﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺩﻋﻮﺗﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﻻﹰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻷ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺑﻘﺼﻮﺭ ﻋﻘﻠﻪ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪﻫﺎ ﺧﲑﺍ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﺮﺍﹰ ﻟﻪ ﳌﺎ ﺗﻜﺸﻔﺖ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻭﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺛﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﻘﺐ‬
‫ﲝﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺪﺓ ﳏﺎﻓﻈﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻲ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻏﻨﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺻﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺷﻐﻠﻪ ﻏﻨﺎﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﰒ ﺇﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺽ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ﻭﱂ ﻳﺆﺩﻫﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺄﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻧﺴﺄﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ)‪.(١‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺛﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺃﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻫﻠﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺛﻌﻠﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﻃﺐ ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺭﻱ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺍﺩﻉ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺮﺯﻗﲏ ﻣﺎﻻﹰ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ‪» :‬ﻭﳛﻚ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺛﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺷﻜﺮﻩ ﺧﲑ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻻ ﺗﻄﻴﻘﻪ« ﰒ ﻋﺎﻭﺩ ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﺃﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺿﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻧﱯ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻮ ﺷﺌﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﲑ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺍﳉﺒﺎﻝ ﺫﻫﺒﺎ ﻟﺴﺎﺭﺕ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫=‬
 ‫‪٣٣‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻮﻃﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﻨﺜﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﻟﹶ ‪‬ﻮ‬
‫ﺑ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﻂﹶ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺯ‪‬ﻕ‪ ‬ﻟ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺎﺩ‪‬ﻩ‪ ‬ﻟﹶﺒ‪‬ﻐ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﺍ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟﹾﺄﹶﺭ‪‬ﺽﹺ‪] ‬ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺭﻯ‪ [٢٧ :‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﰲ ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﻳﻪ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺴﺎﻛﺮ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ‬
‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺃﻧﺲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺳﻲ‪ ...) :‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺴﺄﻟﲏ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﺄﻛﻔﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻪ ﻋ‪‬ﺠﺐ ﻓﻴﻔﺴﺪﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺇﳝﺎﻧﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﺳﻘﻤﺘﻪ ﻷﻓﺴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺇﳝﺎﻧﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻢ ﻭﻟﻮ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺤﺤﺘﻪ ﻷﻓﺴﺪﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺇﱐ ﺃﺩﺑﺮ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﻘﻠﻮ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﱐ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻢ ﺧﺒﲑ()‪ .(١‬ﻓﺎﺣﺬﺭ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲡﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﺸﺮ‬
‫=‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻌﺜﻚ ﺑﺎﳊﻖ ﻟﺌﻦ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺮﺯﻗﲏ ﻣﺎﻻ ﻷﻋﻄﲔ ﻛﻞ ﺫﻱ ﺣﻖ ﺣﻘﻪ ﻓﺪﻋﺎ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻓﺎﲣﺬ ﻏﻨﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻨﻤﺖ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻨﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺩ ﻓﻀﺎﻗﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻨﺤﻰ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻧﺰﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺩﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﺩﻳﺘﻬﺎ ﺣﱴ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﰲ ﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﳘﺎ ﰒ ﳕﺖ‬
‫ﻭﻛﺜﺮﺕ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻨﻤﻰ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﳉﻤﻌﺔ ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪» :‬ﻳﺎ ﻭﻳﺢ ﺛﻌﻠﺒﺔ« ﺛﻼﺛﺎ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﳍﻢ ﺻﺪﻗﺔ ﻓﺒﻌﺚ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺟﻠﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﳍﻤﺎ‪» :‬ﻣﺮﺍ ﺑﺜﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺑﻔﻼﻥ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲏ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ ﻓﺨﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺻﺪﻗﺎ‪‬ﻤﺎ« ﻓﺄﺗﻴﺎ ﺛﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﺃﻗﺮﺁﻩ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺇﻻ ﺃﺧﺖ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻧﻄﻠﻘﺎ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻔﺮﻏﺎ ﰒ ﺗﻌﻮﺩﺍ‪ .‬ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺛﻌﻠﺒﻪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻼ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻢ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﻭﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺑﺘﻤﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺃﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﰲ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺍﺩﺭ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺮﺩﻭﻳﻪ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﻧﻌﻴﻢ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺴﺎﻛﺮ ﰲ ﺗﺎﺭﳜﻪ ‪‬ﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻠﻔﻆ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﺃﻧﺲ ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪ ‬ﻋﻦ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ‪:‬‬
‫»ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﺎﻥ ﱄ ﻭﻟﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﺎﺭﺯﱐ ﺑﺎﶈﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻭﺇﱐ ﻷﻏﻀﺐ ﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻐﻀﺐ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﺩ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﺏ ﺇﱄ ﻋﺒﺪﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﲟﺜﻞ ﺃﺩﺍﺀ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻓﺘﺮﺿﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻋﺒﺪﻱ‬
‫=‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٣٤‬‬

‫ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﲢﺴﺒﻪ ﺧﲑﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻏﲑ ﺑﺼﲑﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﺬﺍﻛﺮ ﺳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﰲ ﺧﺘﺎﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ ﺑﻌﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺟﺮﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺃﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺻﺎﳊﲔ ﻭﺃﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺃﳍﻤﻬﻢ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ ﻭﻭﻓﻘﻬﻢ ﳍﺎ ﻓﺘﻔﻜﺮ ﻣﻌﻲ ﻟﻴﺘﻀﺢ ﻟﻚ ﻋﻈﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺪﺭﻩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﻳﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻮﻥ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺭ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﲟﺪﻯ ﺇﻗﺒﺎﳍﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻘﻬﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺗﻮﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺩﻋﺎﺋﻬﻢ ﻟﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﳋﺎﺷﻊ ﺍﳋﺎﺿﻊ ﺍﳌﻘﺒﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻘﺮ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺃﺑﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺣﲔ ﻗﹸﺬﻑ‬
‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﺣﺴﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ( ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺣﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ ]ﺁﻳﺔ ‪ ٦٨‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ[ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﳌﺎ ﺩﺣﻀﺖ ﺣﺠﺔ ﻗﻮﻡ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻭﺑﺎﻥ ﻋﺠﺰﻫﻢ ﻭﻇﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻖ ﻭﺍﻧﺪﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ ﻋﺪﻟﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺎﻩ ﻣﻠﻜﻬﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﺣﺮﻗﻮﻩ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻧﺼﺮﻭﺍ ﺁﳍﺘﻜﻢ ﺇﻥ ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﲔ ﻓﺠﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﺣﻄﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﺟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﺣﱴ ﺇﻥ‬
‫=‬
‫ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻘﺮﺏ ﺇﱄ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺃﺣﺒﻪ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﺣﺒﺒﺘﻪ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻟﻪ ﲰﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺑﺼﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﻳﺪ‪‬ﺍ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺆﻳﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﺇﻥ ﺩﻋﺎﱐ ﺃﺟﺒﺘﻪ ﻭﺇﻥ ﺳﺄﻟﲏ ﺃﻋﻄﻴﺘﻪ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺩﺩﺕ ﰲ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺗﺮﺩﺩﻱ‬
‫ﰲ ﻗﺒﺾ ﺭﻭﺡ ﻋﺒﺪﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﻳﻜﺮﻩ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﻭﺃﻛﺮﻩ ﻣﺴﺎﺀﺗﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻳﺴﺄﻟﲏ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻓﺄﻛﻔﻪ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺪﺧﻠﻪ ﻋﺠﺐ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻔﺴﺪﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺇﳝﺎﻧﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﺳﻘﻤﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻷﻓﺴﺪﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺇﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﳌﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﺇﳝﺎﻧﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻢ ﻭﻟﻮ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺤﺤﺘﻪ ﻷﻓﺴﺪﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﱐ ﺃﺩﺑﺮ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﺑﻌﻠﻤﻲ ﺑﻘﻠﻮ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﱐ ﻋﻠﻴﻢ ﺧﺒﲑ«‪.‬‬
 ‫‪٣٥‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ ﲤﺮﺽ ﻓﺘﻨﺬﺭ ﺇﻥ ﻋﻮﻓﻴﺖ ﺃﻥ ﲢﻤﻞ ﺣﻄﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﳊﺮﻳﻖ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬

‫ﰒ ﺟﻌﻠﻮﻩ ﰲ ﺟﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺃﺿﺮﻣﻮﻫﺎ ﻧﺎﺭ‪‬ﺍ ﻓﻜﺎﻥ ﳍﺎ ﺷﺮﺭ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻭﳍﺐ ﻣﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﱂ ﺗﻮﻗﺪ ﻧﺎﺭ ﻗﻂ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ‪ ‬ﰲ ﻛﻔﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺠﻨﻴﻖ ﺑﺈﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﲰﻪ ﻫﻴﺰﻥ‬
‫ﻓﺨﺴﻒ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻳﺘﺠﻠﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻟﻘﻮﻩ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺣﺴﱯ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻋﻦ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺱ ﻗﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‪» :‬ﺣﺴﺒﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻭﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ ﻗﺎﳍﺎ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺣﲔ ﺃﻟﻘﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﻗﺎﳍﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺣﲔ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﺇﹺﻥﱠ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎﺱ‪ ‬ﻗﹶ ‪‬ﺪ ﺟ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻮﺍ ﻟﹶﻜﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﻓﹶﺎﺧ‪‬ﺸ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﹶﺰ‪‬ﺍﺩ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺇﹺﳝ‪‬ﺎﻧ‪‬ﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹶﺎﻟﹸﻮﺍ ﺣ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﱠﻪ‪ ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻧﹺﻌ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻮ‪‬ﻛ‪‬ﻴﻞﹸ‪ ،«‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﺎﻥ ﰲ‬
‫ﻏﺰﻭﺓ )ﺑﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﻮﻋﺪ( ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ‪:‬‬
‫)ﺣﺴﺒﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ( ﺧﺎﻑ ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻛﻮﻥ ﻓﻠﻢ ﳛﻀﺮﻭﺍ ﻷﺭﺽ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻛﺔ ﻓﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ ﲡﺎﺭ‪‬ﻢ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﰲ ﺳﻮﻕ ﺑﺪﺭ ﻭﺭﲝﻮﺍ ﺭﲝ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻈﻴﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﻛﻔﺎﻫﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺷﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﻭﺷﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺼﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺠﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﳊﺴﻴﺐ ﻭﺍﳌﻮﱃ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﲑ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻭﻧﻌﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﲑ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺃﻳﻀ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪:‬‬
‫)ﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﳌﹰﺎ ﲝﺎﱄ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﺗﻜﺎﱄ( ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻭﻧﺼﺮﻩ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٣٦‬‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺀﻩ ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺰﺑﲔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﻧﺎﻃﺔ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﲝﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻗﻮﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻭﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻳﻮﻧﺲ ‪ ‬ﺣﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻤﻪ ﺍﳊﻮﺕ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮ‬
‫ﰲ ﺑﻄﻨﻪ ﲰﻊ ﻳﻮﻧﺲ ‪ ‬ﺗﺴﺒﻴﺢ ﺩﻭﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺑﻄﻦ ﺍﳊﻮﺕ‬
‫ﰲ ﻇﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻕ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‪ :‬ﻓﹶﻨ‪‬ﺎﺩ‪‬ﻯ ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﺍﻟﻈﱡﻠﹸﻤ‪‬ﺎﺕ‪] ‬ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‪[٨٧ :‬‬
‫ﻗﻴﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻇﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﳊﻮﺕ ﻭﻇﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ ﻭﻇﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺒﺚ ‪ ‬ﰲ‬
‫ﺑﻄﻦ ﺍﳊﻮﺕ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻫﻲ )‪ (٤٠‬ﻳﻮﻣ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﲰﻊ ﺗﺴﺒﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺏ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺧﺬ ﻳﺴﺒﺢ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﻟﹶﺎ ﺇﹺﻟﹶﻪ‪ ‬ﺇﹺﻟﱠﺎ ﺃﹶﻧ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﺎﻧ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﺇﹺﻧ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﻛﹸﻨ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻈﱠﺎﻟ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﲔ‪ ‬ﻭﻇﻞ ﻳﺴﺒﺢ ﺭﺑﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻗﻴﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺒﻴﺤﻪ ‪ ‬ﲢﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﻓﺴﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺒﻴﺢ ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺭﺏ ﺻﻮﺕ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ ﺑﺄﺭﺽ ﻏﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺫﺍﻙ ﻋﺒﺪﻱ ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﱀ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺼﻌﺪ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺻﺎﱀ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻧﻌﻢ ﻓﺸﻔﻌﻮﺍ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﳊﻮﺕ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺬﻓﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺬﻓﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺴﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫‪) :‬ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺫﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺇﺫ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺑﻄﻦ ﺍﳊﻮﺕ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻚ ﺇﱐ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﳌﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﺪﻉ ‪‬ﺎ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﰲ‬
‫ﺷﻲﺀ ﻗﻂ ﺇﻻ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻪ( ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻴﺒﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﺑﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ )ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻧﺖ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﺒﻴﺤﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﺴﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫)ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻚ(‪.‬‬
 ‫‪٣٧‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻧﺐ ﻭﻇﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬

‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ )ﺇﱐ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﳌﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﳌﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺮﺍﻑ ﺑﻈﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺑﺎﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻣﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﻹﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺗﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻘﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺬﻧﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺋﺐ ﻣﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻭﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺩﺍﻧﻴﺎﻝ ‪ ‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺐ‪) :‬ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺰﺯ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻭﻗﻬﺮ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺎﳌﻮﺕ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﻭﰲ ﻗﺼﺔ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻷﺧﺪﻭﺩ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻼﻡ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺮ‬
‫ﳌﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺃﻛﻔﻨﻴﻬﻢ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺌﺖ( ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻛﻴﺪ ﺍﻷﺷﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻭﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻓﺂﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻣﻪ‬
‫ﲨﻴﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺎﺏ ﻛﻴﺪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﱂ ﻭﺃﻋﻮﺍﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺃﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺓ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺪﺑﲑ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ‬
‫ﻟﻸﻣﻮﺭ ﻓﺴﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﳌﻜﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺨﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻭﺧﺴﺮﻭﺍ ﻭﻭﻗﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﳛﺬﺭﻭﻥ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﻭﰲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﺳﺠﻮﺩﻩ ‪ ‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ‪) :‬ﻓﺄﺳﺘﺄﺫﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﰊ ﻓﻴﺆﺫﻥ ﱄ ﻓﺄﻗﻮﻡ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺄﲪﺪﻩ ﲟﺤﺎﻣﺪ ﻻ ﺃﻗﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻳﻠﻬﻤﻨﻴﻪ ﺍﷲ( ﻭﰲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪) :‬ﻓﺄﻗﻊ ﺳﺎﺟﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻟﺮﰊ ﰒ ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ‬ﻭﻳﻠﻬﻤﲏ ﻣﻦ ﳏﺎﻣﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻔﺘﺤﻪ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ( ﻭﰲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺳﺠﻮﺩﻩ ‪ ‬ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ‪) :‬ﻓﻴﻠﻬﻤﲏ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ(‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٣٨‬‬

‫ﻓﻔﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻷﺣﺎﺩﻳﺚ ﺩﻻﻻﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﳛﺐ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻠﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﻟﻪ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ‬
‫ﲪﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻻ ﳛﺼﻰ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻥ ﲝﻤﺪﻩ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﺗﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﳌﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻠﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺘﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻮﺱ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﳐﺔ ﻭ‪‬ﻮﻥ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺎﺏ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻟﻚ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﺣﱴ ﺗﺮﺿﻰ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺿﻴﺖ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺒﲔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻓﺒﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺠﻠﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺧﲑ ﻭﻳﺪﻓﻊ ﻛﻞ ﺷﺮ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻔﺘﺢ ﲝﻤﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻬﻤﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﳏﻤﺪ ‪ ‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺳﺎﺟﺪ‬
‫ﺣﱴ ﻳﺮﺿﻰ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﰲ ﻋﻼﻩ ﻓﻴﻔﺘﺢ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻳﻘﺒﻠﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﳉﻼﻝ ﻭﺟﻬﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻭﻋﻈﻴﻢ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٦‬ﻭﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻗﻮﻝ ﺃﻧﺲ‪) :‬ﺃﻥ ﺭﺟ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﻓﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻒ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﻔﺰﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﲪﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻛﺜﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻃﻴﺒ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﻛﹰﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﻀﻰ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﺃﻳﻜﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻓﺄﺭﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ )ﺃﻱ ﺳﻜﺘﻮﺍ( ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﺃﻳﻜﻢ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﱂ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﺄﺳ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺭﺟﻞ‪ :‬ﺟﺌﺖ ﻭﻗﺪ ﺣﻔﺰﱐ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻓﻘﻠﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻟﻘﺪ‬
‫ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺍﺛﲎ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻠﻜﹰﺎ ﻳﺒﺘﺪﺭﻭ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻳﻬﻢ ﻳﺮﻓﻌﻬﺎ« ﻭﺍﳌﻌﲎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺎﺑﻘﻮﺍ ﺃﻳﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ ﻭﻳﺼﻌﺪ ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﳌﺎ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲪﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﳛﺒﻪ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ ﻭﻳﺮﺿﺎﻩ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻭﺃﺑﺪ‪‬ﺍ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٧‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﺃﻧﻪ ‪ ‬ﲰﻊ ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ‬
 ‫‪٣٩‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﱐ ﺃﺳﺄﻟﻚ ﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻭﺃﻱ ﺷﻲﺀ ﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺃﺭﺟﻮ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﻦ ﲤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﺩﺧﻮﻝ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺯ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﲰﻊ ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻳﺎ ﺫﺍ ﺍﳉﻼﻝ ﻭﺍﻹﻛﺮﺍﻡ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻚ ﻓﺴﻞ ﻭﲰﻊ ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﱐ ﺃﺳﺄﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﻓﺴﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻓﻴﺔ( ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ ﻟﺘﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﲑﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٨‬ﻟﻨﺘﺬﻛﺮ ﺳﻮﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﺗﻮﺍ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﺫﻫﺐ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺛﻮﺭ »ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ« ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻰ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﻢ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺫﺍﻙ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ ﻳﺼﻠﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺼﻠﻲ ﻭﻳﺼﻮﻣﻮﻥ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﺼﻮﻡ ﻭﻳﺘﺼﺪﻗﻮﻥ ﻭﻻ ﻧﺘﺼﺪﻕ ﻭﻳﻌﺘﻘﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻻ ﻧﻌﺘﻖ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪» :‬ﺃﻓﻼ ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻜﻢ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﺗﺪﺭﻛﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻘﻜﻢ ﻭﺗﺴﺒﻘﻮﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻛﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﺇﻻ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺻﻨﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻢ ﻗﺎﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﺑﻠﻰ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺗﺴﺒﺤﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻜﱪﻭﻥ ﻭﲢﻤﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﺑﺮ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻼﺓ ﺛﻼﺛﺎ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﲔ ﻣﺮﺓ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺃﺑﻮ‬
‫ﺻﺎﱀ‪ :‬ﻓﺮﺟﻊ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮﻳﻦ ﺇﱃ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﻓﻘﺎﻟﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﲰﻊ ﺇﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ ﲟﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻓﻔﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ :‬ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﻀﻞ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﻳﺆﺗﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ« ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻳﺒﲔ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻬﺐ ﻓﻀﻠﻪ ﳌﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﻭﻳﻌﻄﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻳﻬﺐ ﺣﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻮﻓﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺸﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺭﺿﻲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٩‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﺟﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﺮﺍﺑﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ‬ﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﱐ ﻻ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﺩﻧﺪﻧﺘﻚ ﻭﻻ ﺩﻧﺪﻧﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﺫ ﺇﳕﺎ ﺃﺳﺄﻝ‬
‫ﺍﷲ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ‪» :‬ﺣﻮﳍﺎ ﻧﺪﻧﺪﻥ«‪ .‬ﺩﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫ﳐﺘﺼﺮﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﲨﺎﻉ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٤٠‬‬

‫‪ -١٠‬ﻭﰲ ﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﺷﻴﺒﺔ ﻭﻋﺒﺪ ﺑﻦ ﲪﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻨﺬﺭ ﻋﻦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﻤﻲ ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺭﺟﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﺮ ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﺟﻌﻠﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﺮ ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﱐ ﲰﻌﺖ ﺍﷲ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻞﹲ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺎﺩ‪‬ﻱ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸ‪‬ﻜﹸﻮﺭ‪ ‬ﻓﺄﻧﺎ ﺃﺩﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﳚﻌﻠﲏ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﺮ‪ :‬ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﺼﺔ ﻣﺸﺎ‪‬ﺔ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﺮ ‪ ‬ﲰﻊ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﰲ ﻗﻨﻮﺗﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺓ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ( ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ؟‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ‪ :‬ﺃﱂ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﺛﹸﻠﱠﺔﹲ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﺄﹶﻭ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﲔ‪ * ‬ﻭ‪‬ﻗﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴﻞﹲ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﺂَﺧ‪‬ﺮﹺﻳﻦ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻄﺎﺀً ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻓﻘﻬﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺑﺮﲪﺘﻚ‬
‫ﺍﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺁﻣﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١١‬ﻭﻳﺮﻭﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﱀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻮﻑ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻗﲏ ﺷﺢ ﻧﻔﺴﻲ( ﻓﺴ‪‬ﺌﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻓﺄﺟﺎﺏ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﳏﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺰﻳﻞ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﻮﻕ‪ ‬ﺷ‪‬ﺢ‪ ‬ﻧ‪‬ﻔﹾﺴِﻪ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﹶﺄﹸﻭﻟﹶﺌ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻔﹾﻠ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﻮﻥﹶ‪] ‬ﺍﳊﺸﺮ‪ [٩ :‬ﻓﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻗﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺷﺢ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﳒﺎ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻔﻠﺤﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٢‬ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﺇﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﻔﲔ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻴﻖ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺸﺮﻓﺔ ﻇﻞ ﻳﻄﻮﻑ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺍﻁ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﳑﻦ ﺳﺒﻘﺖ ﳍﻢ ﻣﻨﻚ ﺍﳊﺴﲎ( ﻭﺗﻔﻜﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺮﺗﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﻀﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﲑﺍﺕ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﺃﳍﻢ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻭﻫﻨﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﳌﻦ ﲢﻘﻘﺖ ﻟﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‪:‬‬
 ‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪‬ﺃﹸﻭﻟﹶﺌ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ‪ ‬ﻭﱂ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻞ‬

‫ﻣﺒﻌﺪﻭﻥ ﺃﻱ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪‬ﻟﹶﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻮﻥﹶ ﺣ‪‬ﺴِﻴﺴ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺎ‪ ‬ﻭﱂ ﻳﻘﻞ ﺣﺴﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ‬
‫ﺣﺴﻴﺴﻬﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﺩﱏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﻭ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﻓ‪‬ﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﺷ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﺖ‪ ‬ﺃﹶ‪‬ﻧﻔﹸﺴ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺧ‪‬ﺎﻟ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ‪ ‬ﺃﻱ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻣﻨﻌﻤﻮﻥ‪ .‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﺑﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪‬ﻟﹶﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﺰ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﻬ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻔﹶﺰ‪‬ﻉ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﺄﹶﻛﹾﺒ‪‬ﺮ‪ ‬ﺃﻱ ﻳﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻠﹶﻘﱠﺎﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻠﹶﺎﺋ‪‬ﻜﹶﺔﹸ ‪‬ﻫﺬﹶﺍ ﻳ‪‬ﻮ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻜﹸﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﱠﺬ‪‬ﻱ ﻛﹸﻨ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻢ‪‬‬
‫ﺗ‪‬ﻮﻋ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻭﻥﹶ‪ ‬ﺃﻱ ﺗﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﺗﺮﺣﺐ ‪‬ﻢ ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻓﻮﺯﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﳉﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٣‬ﻭﲰﻊ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺟﺪ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﱐ ﺃﺳﺄﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﻓﺎﺭﺽ ﻋﲏ( ﻓﺎﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﺧﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻌﻈﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ ﺭﻏﻢ ﺑﺴﺎﻃﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٤‬ﻭﻳﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻗﻴﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺍﺩﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲟﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﻚ ﺗﺮﻯ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺃﺭﻯ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ ﰲ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻯ( ﺩﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﺰﺓ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ﻭﺻﺪﻕ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻌﲎ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫)ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﻚ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﻓﻤﺎ ﻗﺪﺭﻙ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻋﻠﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺏ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٥‬ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﻷﻋﺮﺍﰊ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﺩﻋﻮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺄﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪:‬‬
‫)ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﻚ ﺃﻋﻄﻴﺘﻨﺎ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﱂ ﻧﺴﺄﻟﻚ ﺇﻳﺎﻩ ﻓﺄﻋﻄﻨﺎ »ﻓﻼ ﲢﺮﻣﻨﺎ«‬
‫ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﻭﳓﻦ ﻧﺴﺄﻟﻚ ﺇﻳﺎﻫﺎ( ﻓﺴﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺃ‪‬ﺎ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﺑﺄﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺭﺍﺋﻊ ﺭﻓﻴﻊ ﰲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٤٢‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﳉﻤﺎﻝ!‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٦‬ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ ﺩﺍﺋﻤ‪‬ﺎ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻓﺘﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺘﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﻓﲔ( ﺍﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﻟﻮ ﲢﻘﻘﺖ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻌﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٧‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻊ ﺩﻋﻮﺓ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﺭﺣﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺆﻣﻨﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺎﺕ( ﻓﻤﻦ ﻗﺎﳍﺎ ﻛﺘﺐ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﺮ ﺑﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪ .‬ﺩﻋﻮﺓ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺧﲑ ﻛﺜﲑ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٨‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻀﻄﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﻭﻯ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﺪﳝ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺮﺽ ﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﺄﺭﺍﺩ ﻗﺘﻠﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺪ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺗﻠﻲ ﻓﺪﻋﲏ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﺭﻛﻌﺘﲔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻣﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺮﻛﻪ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻓﺪﻋﺎ ﻭﻫﻮ‬
‫ﰲ ﺻﻼﺗﻪ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺓ‪) :‬ﻳﺎ ﻭﺩﻭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺩﻭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﺍ‪‬ﻴﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﳌﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﻒ ﻋﲏ ﺷﺮ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﱂ( ﻓﺠﺎﺀ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﻔﻪ ﻓﻘﻄﻊ‬
‫ﺭﺃﺱ ﻗﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺖ؟ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﳌﺎ ﲰﻌﺖ ﻗﻮﻝ )ﻳﺎ ﻭﺩﻭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﻭﺩﻭﺩ( ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ )ﻳﺎ ﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﺍ‪‬ﻴﺪ( ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺖ )ﻳﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﳌﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ( ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻈﺎﱂ ﺍﺳﺘﺄﺫﻧﺖ ﺭﰊ ﰲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻧﺼﺮﻙ ﻓﺄﺫﻥ ﱄ ﻓﺴﺒﺤﺎﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١٩‬ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ ﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﺃﹶﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﺠﹺﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﻄﹶﺮ‪ ‬ﺇﹺﺫﹶﺍ ﺩ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺎﻩ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﺃﻥ ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﺎﺭﻱ ﺃﻱ »ﻳﺆﺟﺮ« ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺑﻐﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻣﺸﻖ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻠﺪ ﺍﻟﺰﺑﺪﺍﱐ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺭﻛﺐ ﻣﻌﻲ ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺭﺟﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻤﺮﺭﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺴﻠﻮﻛﺔ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﱄ ﺧﺬ ﰲ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﻓﺈ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺧﱪﺓ ﱄ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ‬
 ‫‪٤٣‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻓﺴﻠﻜﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻓﺎﻧﺘﻬﻴﻨﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻭﻋﺮ ﻭﻭﺍﺩ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﻗﺘﻠﻰ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‬
‫ﱄ‪ :‬ﺃﻣﺴﻚ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﺣﱴ ﺃﻧﺰﻝ ﻓﻨﺰﻝ ﻭﺗﺸﻤﺮ ﻭﲨﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺛﻴﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻞ‬
‫ﺳﻜﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﻗﺼﺪﱐ ﻓﻔﺮﺭﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﺗﺒﻌﲏ ﻓﻨﺎﺷﺪﺗﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻗﻠﺖ‬
‫ﺧﺬ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﲟﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻫﻮ ﱄ ﻭﺇﳕﺎ ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﻗﺘﻠﻚ ﻓﺨﻮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ؛ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺴﻠﻤﺖ ﺑﲔ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻭﻗﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺮﻛﲏ ﺣﱴ‬
‫ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﺭﻛﻌﺘﲔ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻋﺠﻞ ﻓﻘﻤﺖ ﺃﺻﻠﻲ ﻓﺄﺭﺗﺞ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻓﻠﻢ‬
‫ﳛﻀﺮﱐ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻓﺒﻘﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﹰﺎ ﻣﺘﺤﲑ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻫﻴﻪ ﺍﻓﺮﻍ‬
‫ﻓﺄﺟﺮﻯ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﺴﺎﱐ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﺃﹶﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﺠﹺﻴﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹾﻤ‪‬ﻀ‪‬ﻄﹶﺮ‪ ‬ﺇﹺﺫﹶﺍ ﺩ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﺎﻩ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻜﹾﺸ‪‬ﻒ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺴ‪‬ﻮﺀَ‪ ‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺑﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺩﻱ ﻭﺑﻴﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺣﺮﺑﺔ ﻓﺮﻣﻰ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﺧﻄﺄﺕ ﻓﺆﺍﺩﻩ ﻓﺨﺮ ﺻﺮﻳﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﻓﺘﻌﻠﻘﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺭﺱ ﻭﻗﻠﺖ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳚﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﻀﻄﺮ ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺩﻋﺎﻩ ﻭﻳﻜﺸﻒ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﻞ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢٠‬ﻭﺫﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻔﺴﺮﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺃﻡ‬
‫ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﻠﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‪) :‬ﻫﺰﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﺭ ﻳﻮﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﰲ ﻏﺰﺍﺓ ﻓﻮﻗﻒ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﺩ ﺟﻴﺪ ﺑﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ )ﺃﻱ ﺍﻷﻏﻨﻴﺎﺀ( ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺤﺎﺀ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺠﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻭﻳﻠﻚ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺃﻋﺪﻙ ﳌﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺩ‪ :‬ﻭﻣﺎﱄ ﻻ ﺃﻗﺼﺮ ﻭﺃﻧﺖ ﺗﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺱ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻈﻠﻤﻮﱐ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻄﻤﻌﻮﻧﲏ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟﻚ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ‬ﻋﻬﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺃﱐ ﻻ‬
‫ﺃﻋﻠﻔﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺣﺠﺮﻱ ﻓﺠﺮﻯ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺩ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﳒﺎ‬
‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻔﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺇﻻ ﰲ ﺣﺠﺮﻩ ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﻳﻘﺼﺪﻭﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺴﻤﻌﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺑﻠﻎ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ ﺃﻣﺮﻩ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻀﺎﻡ ﺑﻠﺪﺓ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺘﺎﻝ ﻟﻴﺤﺼﻠﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻠﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٤٤‬‬

‫ﻓﺒﻌﺚ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺟﻼﹰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺃﻇﻬﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺴﻨﺖ ﻧﻴﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻭﻗﻮﻣﻪ ﺣﱴ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺛﻖ ﰒ ﺧﺮﺟﺎ ﻳﻮﻣ‪‬ﺎ ﳝﺸﻴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﻞ ﻭﻗﺪ ﻭﺍﻋﺪ ﺷﺨﺼ‪‬ﺎ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻡ‬
‫ﻟﻴﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺳﺮﻩ ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﺍﻛﺘﻨﻔﺎﻩ ﻟﻴﺄﺧﺬﺍﻩ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﻪ ﺇﳕﺎ ﺧﺪﻋﲏ ﺑﻚ ﻓﺎﻛﻔﻨﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﲟﺎ ﺷﺌﺖ( ﻗﺎﻝ ﻓﺨﺮﺝ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻌﺎﻥ ﻓﺄﺧﺬﺍﳘﺎ ﻭﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺳﺎﳌﹰﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻏﲑ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳌﻬﻢ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻋﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﱴ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻘﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺗﺄﺩﺏ ﺑﺂﺩﺍﺑﻪ ﻭﲡﻨﺐ ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻌﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﲢﺮﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻓﻬﻨﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﳌﻦ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻫﻨﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﺃﺧﻲ ﺃﺑﻴﺎﺕ ﰲ ﻣﻨﺎﺟﺎﺓ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﺗﻨﻞ ﺧـﲑﻩ ﻭﺭﺿـﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﻒ ﺑﺎﳋﻀـﻮﻉ ﻭﻧـﺎﺩﻱ ﻳـﺎ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺣـﲔ ﻣﺒﺴـﻮﻃﺘﺎﻥ ﻳـﺪﺍﻩ‬ ‫ـﺬﻟﻼﹰ‬
‫ـﺎ ﻣﺘﺨﺸ ـﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﻣﺘـ‬
‫ـﻢ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﹰـ‬
‫ﻗـ‬
‫ـﻼﻩ‬
‫ـﻼ ﻋـ‬
‫ـﺪﻭﺱ ﺟـ‬
‫ـﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻘـ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺒـ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺵ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﻯ ﲜﻼﻟـﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺘــﻮﺩﺩ ﻟﻠﻌﺒــﺪ ﺭﻏــﻢ ﻋــﺪﺍﻩ‬ ‫ـﺎﺀﻩ‬
‫ـﻮﻕ ﲰـ‬
‫ـﺎﳊﻜﻢ ﻓـ‬
‫ـﺮﺩ ﺑـ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻔـ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺫﺍ ﳜﻴﺐ ﻣـﻦ ﺭﺟـﺎ ﻭﺩﻋـﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﻓﻊ ﻳﺪﻳﻚ ﻭﻧﻖ ﻗﻠﺒـﻚ ﺑﺎﻟـﺪﻋﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺄﻧــﺎ ﻋ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻴ‪‬ــﺪ‪‬ﻙ ﻣﻮﺛــﻖ ﲞﻄــﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﺷﻒ ﺍﻷﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳـﺘﺮ ﻋﻴـﺒﱵ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻌﺒـﺪﻙ ﻋﻤـﺪﻩ ﻭﺧﻄـﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮ ﻋﻴﻮﺑ‪‬ـﺎ ﻛﺸـﻔﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﻤـﺮﻍ‬
‫ـﺎ ﺍﷲ‬
‫ـﺎ ﻳـ‬
‫ـﻮﺍﺋﺞ ﻋﻨـ‬
‫ـﺾ ﺍﳊـ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻗـ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻊ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺵ ﻟﻨـﺎ ﺃﺭﺯﺍﻗﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺸــﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴــﺪ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﳉــﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﺭﺏ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﺕ ﺃﻟـﺰﻡ ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻲ‬
‫ﻟﻴﻄﻴــﺐ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻘﻄــﻊ ﻓﻴــﻪ ﺛــﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﱪ ﺃﻓﺴﺢ ﻳـﺎ ﺇﳍـﻲ ﺿـﻴﻘﻪ‬
 ‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬

‫ـﻠﻮﺍﻩ‬
‫ـﻪ ﺳـ‬
‫ـﺆﺍﺩﻱ ﻭﺁﺗـ‬
‫ـﻜﻦ ﻓـ‬
‫ﺳـ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﻫ‪‬ﺪ‪ ‬ﻳـﺎ ﺭﺏ ﺭﻭﻋـﱵ‬
‫ـﻌﺪﺍﻩ‬
‫ـﺎ ﺳـ‬
‫ـﺤﺎﺋﻔﻪ ﻓﻴـ‬
‫ـﺖ ﺻـ‬
‫ﻭﻧﻔـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺣﺴـﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺁﻥ ﺍﳉــﻮﺍﺯ ﻭﺷــﺎﻫﺖ ﺍﻷﺷــﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻁ ﺛﺒـﺖ ﺍﻷﻗـﺪﺍﻡ ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳊﺴـﺎﺏ ﲢـﻮﺯﻫﻢ ﺭﲪـﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳝﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﺮﲪـﺔ‬
‫ﺳــﻘﻴﺎ ﻧﻌــﻴﻢ ﺑﺮﺩﻫــﺎ ﻟﻘﻴــﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮﺽ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﺳﻘﻨﺎ ﻳـﺎ ﺭﺑﻨـﺎ‬
‫ﰲ ﺟﻨــﺔ ﺍﻟﻔــﺮﺩﻭﺱ ﻳــﺎ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﺼـﺎﺋﺮﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻴـﻚ ﻣﻔـﺎﺯﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻵﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺼــﺤﺐ ﻭﻣــﻦ ﻭﺍﻻﻩ‬ ‫ﰒ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟـﻨﱯ ﺍﳌﺼـﻄﻔﻰ‬

‫ﺍﳋﺎﲤﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﺍﳋﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﺣﺮﺹ ﺃﺧﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺍﳊﺮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺣﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺑﺮﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻭﺛﻖ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻋﺰ ﻭﺟﻞ ﻛﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﻋﻴ‪‬ﺎ ﺧﺎﺋﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﺑﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﳜﺘﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻭﺩﻧﻴﺎﻩ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﺠﻞ ﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺍﻟﺼﱪ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺿﺎ ﲟﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻚ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﳋﺒﲑ ﺑﺄﺣﻮﺍﳍﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻳﺮ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭ ﳌﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻬﻢ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‪ .‬ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺭﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪...‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻧﺎ ﻧﺴﺄﻟﻚ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﳉﺰﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﻧﺴﻤﻊ‪،‬‬
‫ﺃﻧﺖ ﻭﱄ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺭﲪﻦ ﻓﻠﻚ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻚ ﺩﻭﻣ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺑﺪ‪‬ﺍ ﻛﻤﺎ ﲢﺐ ﻭﺗﺮﺿﻰ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﺳـﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﻔـﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺴﻤـﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪٤٦‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ‪٦......................................................‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٨........................................... :‬‬
‫ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻪ‪١٠ ...................................... :‬‬
‫ﺁﺩﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪١٤ ............................................. :‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﺍﻧﻊ ﺍﺳﺘﺠﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪١٩ ..................................... :‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٢١ .................................. :‬‬
‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٢٤ ............................................. :‬‬
‫ﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٢٦ .............................................. :‬‬
‫ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٢٧ .............................................. :‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٢٩ .............................................. :‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٣١ ............................................ :‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺻﻮﺭ ﺃﺳﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ‪٣٤ .................................... :‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻬﺮﺱ ‪٤٦ ...................................................‬‬