Republic of the Philippines

Laguna State Polytechnic University

Province of Laguna

College of Engineering
Electronics and

Problem Set in
Vector Analysis

Paulmino, Ian Paul V.

ECE III - A
September 26, 2017

ENGR. JONNEL K. PABICO, PECE

Instructor

Vector Analysis
 1. Specify a unit vector extending from the origin to point A (2, -2, 1)
A=2 ax −2a y + a z
2
¿ A/¿ √ 22+ (−2 ) + 12
2 ax 2 ay az
aA= − −
3 3 3
¿ 0.667 a x −0.667 a y + 0.333 a z

2. Determine the unit vector that extends from the origin to the point B (-2, 3, -5)
A=−2 a x +3 a y −5 a z
¿ A/¿ √(−2)2 +(3)2 +(−5)2
¿ √ 4 +9+25
¿ √ 38
¿ 6.164

−2a x 3 a y 5 az
aA= + −
6.164 6.164 6.164
¿ 0.324 a x +0.487 a y −0.811 a z

3. Find the vector A directed from (2, -4, 1) to (0, -2, 0). Determine also the unit vector A.
A=−2 a x +2 a y −a z
¿ A/¿ √(−2)2 +(2)2 +(1)2
¿ √9
¿3

−2 a x 2a y a z
aA= + −
3 3 3
¿−0.667 a x +0.667 a y −0.333 a z

´ .
4. For two points P (1, 4, 3) and Q (4, 1, 2) express PQ
´ ( 4−1 ) a x + ( 1−4 ) a y + ( 2−3 ) az
PQ=
´
PQ=3 a x −3 a y −a z

Vector Analysis
 1 1
AB )+ ( ⃗
5. For 3 points A (0, -1, 4), B (2, 4, 1) and C (3, 0, 2) express 2 ( ⃗ BC).
3
AB=( 2−0 ) ax + ( 4+1 ) a y + ( 1−4 ) a z
⃗
¿ 2 a x +5 a y −3 a z
BC=( 3−2 ) a x + ( 0−4 ) a y +(2−1)a z
⃗
¿ a x −4 a y −a z
AC= (3−0 ) a x + ( 0+1 ) a y + ( 2−4 ) a z
⃗
¿ 3 a x + a y −2 a z

1 1 1
¿ [ 2 ax +5 a y −3 a z ]+ [ a x −4 a y +a z ] + [ 3 a x + a y −2a z ]
2 3 6
5 3 9x 4 az 1 1 1
¿ a x + a y − a z + − a y + + ax + a y − a z
2 2 3 3 3 2 6 3
11 4 3
¿ ax + ay + a y
6 3 2

6. A drone travel making a vector of A=3 a x +2 a y −3 a z then it travels again making a v

vector of B=4 b x + 2b y −3 b z. What is the vector if it travels back to the origin in a s t r
straight path?
A+ B= ( 3+4 ) ax + ( 2+2 ) a y + (−3+ (−3 ) ) a z
¿−( 7 a x + 4 a y −6 a z )
¿−7 a x −4 a y +6 a z

7. Given the vectors M =−10 a x +4 a y −8 az and N=8 a x +7 a y −2 a z find (a) a unit v e

vector in the direction of −M +2n , (b) the magnitude of 5 a x + N −3 M ; (c) (c)
|M ||2 N|( M + N ).

A.) −M +2 N =(10 a ¿ ¿ x−4 a y +8 a z )¿ B.) 5 a x + N −3 M =5 a x + 8 a x +7 a y −2 a z

+16 a x +14 a y −4 a z −3 a x + 12a y −24 a z
¿ 26 a x + 10 a y +4 a z ¿ 43 a x −5 a y + 22a z

| A|=√ 262 +102 +4 2 | A|=√ 43 2+(−5)2+ 222

¿ 28.142 ¿ 48.559

A 26 ax 10 a y 4 az
= + +
| A| 28.142 28.142 28.142
¿ 0.924 a x +0.355 a y +0.142 a z
Vector Analysis
 2 2 2 2
√
C.) |M ||2 N|( M + N )=|M |= (−10 ) + 4 + (−8 ) |2 N|= √ 8 2+7 2+ (−2 )
¿ 13.416 ¿ 21.63

M + N=−10 a x +4 a y −8 az + 8 a z+ 2 az
¿−2 ax +11 a y −10 a z
( 13.416 ) ( 21.633 ) ( −2 ax +11a y −10 a z )=−580.457 ax +3192.512 a y +(−2902.283 a¿¿ z)¿

8.) Given three points A ( 4,3,2 ) , B (−2,0,5 ) and C ( 7−2,1 ): (a) Specify the vector A ex t e n
extending from the origin to the point A; (b) give a unit vector extending from the origin tow
toward the midpoint of line AB; (c) calculate the length of the perimeter of triangle ABC.

A.) A ( 4,3,2 ) A=4 ax +3 a y +2 a z

B.) M =( 112 )( A+ B ) Unit Vector
1 a x 1.5 a y 3.5 a x
¿ ( 112 ) ( 4 a x +3 a y + 2 az −2 ax +5 a Z ) ¿ + +
3.937 3.937 3.937
¿ ( 112 ) ( 2 a x +7 az ) =a x + 15 a y +3.5 a z ¿ 0.254 a x +0.381 a y +0.889 a z
|M |=√ 12 +1.52 +3.52=3.937
C.) Length of the perimeter of ∆ ABC
2 2
AB=(−6 ax −3 a y +3 a z )= √ (−6 ) + (−3 ) +3 2=7.348
2 2
BC=( 9 a x −2 a y −4 a z ) =√ 92+ (−2 ) + (−4 ) =10.05
2
AC=( 3 ax −5 a y −a z ) =√ 32 + (−5 ) +12=5.916
| AB|+|BC|+| AC|=23.314

9.) The vector from the origin to the point A is given as (6 ,−2 , 4) and the unit vector dire
cte directed from the origin toward point B ( 2 ,−2 , 1 ) 13. If points A and B are ten units apa
rt apart, find the coordinates of point B.
⃗A=6 a x −2 a y −4 a z

B= ( 23 , 23 , 13 )
|B− A|=10∨¿

(6− 382 ) a −(2− 382 ) a −(4 + 381 ) a =10

x y z

8 4 8 1
36−88+ 4− B+ B2 +16+ B2 + B2=100
3 9 3 9
B2−8 B+56=100 B=2 /3 ( 11.75 ) a x −2/3 ( 11.75 ) a y +1 /3 ( 11.75 ) a z
B2−8 B−44=0 ¿ 7.833 a x −7.833 a y +3.917 a z
 8 ± √64−176
B= =11.75
2
Vector Analysis
10.) Given points A ( 8 ,−5,4 ) find: (a) the distance from A to B, (b) a unit vector directed toward B;
(c) a unit vector directed from the origin toward the midpoint of line AB; (d) the coor-
fdd dinates of the point on the line connecting A to B at which the line intersects the plan
e plane 2=3.

A. Distance from A to B B. Unit vector directed from A to B

|B− A|=( −10 ax +8 a y −2 a z ) B− A −10 a x 8 a y 2a z
= + −
|B− A| 12.961 12.961 12.961
2 2
¿ √ 10 + 8 + (−2 )
2
¿−772 a x +0.617 a y −0.154 a z
¿ 12.961
C. Unit vector directed from the origin to the midpoint of line AB.
( A+ B ) /2 ( 6 a x −2 a y +6 az ) /2
=
|( A+ B ) /2| 8.71812
3 ax −a y +3 a z
¿
4.359
3 ax ay 3 az
¿ − +
4.359 4.359 4.359
¿ 0.688 a x −0.229 a y +0.688 a z
D. The midpoint (3,1) as determined from apart c happens to have 2 coordinate of 3.
This This is the point we are looking for.

11.) A vector field is specified as G=24 xya x +12 ( x 2+ 2 ) a y +18 z 2 a z. Given two points
points P= (1,2 ,−1 ) and Q= (−2,1,3 )find: (a) G at P; (b) a unit vector in the direct ion
direction of G at Q; (c) a unit vector directed from Q toward P; (d) the equation of the
surface on which |G|=60.

A. G at P: G(1,2 ,−1) = ( 48,36,18) or 48 ax +36 a y +18 a z

B. A unit vector in the direction of G at Q-G (-2,1,3) = −48 ax +72 a y +16 a z
48 a x 72 a y 162 az
A g= + +
183.663 183.663 183.663
¿ 0.261 a x + 0.392a y + 0.882a z
P−Q (3,1,4 ) 3 a x G y 4 az
C. = = + − =0.588 a x +0.196 a y −0.784 az
|P−Q| √26 √26 √ 26 √ 26
60=1 (24 xya x +12 ( x 2+2 ) a y + 18 z 2 a z ) 2
D.
6 [
= 10=1 ( 4 xya x +2 ( x 2 +2 ) a y +3 z 2 a z )]
¿ 100=16 x 2 y 2+ 4 x 4 +16 x 2 +16+9 z 4
 12.) Given 3 points A (4,3,2), B (-2,0,5), C (7,-2,1)
A. Specify the vector A extending from origin to the point A
¿ 4 a x +3 a y + 2a z

Vector Analysis
B. Give the unit vector extending from the origin to the midpoint of ⃗ AB
1 1
¿ ( A + B )= ( 4 a x + 3 a y +2 a z+ (−2 ) ax +5 a z )
2 2
1
¿ ( 2 a x +3 a y + 7 a z ) ¿ √ 12+1.5 2+3.5 2
2
¿ a x + 1.5 a y +3.5 a z ¿ 3.937
A 1 ax 1.5 a y 3.5 a z
= + +
| A| 3.937 3.937 3.937
¿ 0.254 a x +0.381 a y +0.889 a z
C. Calculate the perimeter of ∆ ABC
AB=(−6 ,−3,3) | AB|+|BC|+| AC|
BC=(9 ,−3 ,−4) ¿ 7.348+10.05+5.916
AC=(3 ,−5 ,−1) ¿ 23.314

13.) Determine 2 F1−2 F 2=2 ( F 1−F 2 )

2 ( 6 j+3 j−k )−2 ( 4 i−5 j+8 k ) =2 [ ( 6 i +3 j−k )− ( 4 i−5 j+ 8 k ) ]
12 i+6 j−2 k −8 i+10 j−16 k =2 [ 2 i+ 8 j−9 k ]
4 i+16 j−18 k ≡ 4 i+ 16 j−18 k

´ .
14.) For two points P (2, 4, 6) and Q (5, 2, 3) express PQ
´ ( 5−2 ) a x + ( 2−4 ) a y + ( 3−6 ) a z
PQ=
´
PQ=3 a x −2 a y −3 az

15.) If A & B are (3,4,5) and (6,8,9), find ⃗ AB

B− ⃗
⃗ ^ ( 8−4 ) ^j+ ( 9−5 ) k^
A =( 6−3 ) i+ AB|= √ 32 + 42 + 42
|⃗
B− ⃗
⃗ ^ 4 ^j+ 4 k^
A =3 i+ AB|= √ 41
|⃗

16.) If A & B are (2,4,6) and (8,9,10), find ⃗ AB

B− ⃗
⃗ ^ ( 9−4 ) ^j + ( 10−6 ) k^
A =( 8−2 ) i+ AB|= √ 6 2+5 2+ 4 2
|⃗
⃗B− ⃗ ^ 5 ^j+4 k^
A =6 i+ AB|= √77
|⃗
 AB
17.) If A & B are (5,6,7) and (9,10,11), find ⃗
B− ⃗
⃗ ^ ( 10−6 ) ^j+ ( 11−7 ) k^
A =( 9−5 ) i+ AB|= √ 42 + 42 +4 2
|⃗
B− ⃗
⃗ ^ 4 ^j+ 4 k^
A =4 i+ AB|= √ 48
|⃗
Vector Analysis

18.) Use the definition of dot product to find the interior angles of A & B of
the triangle defined by points. A( 1,3,2) B(-2,4,5) C(0,-2,1)

√ 32 +12+ 72=7.681
√ 12+ 52+ 32=5.916
19
R AB AC =cos −1 θ=65.284 ° (interior angle)
(7.681)(5.916)

BC= √22 +62 + 42=7.438

Bθ=(−3 )( 2 ) + (−6 )( 1 ) + (−4 ) ( 7 )=−40
−40
cos−1 =−134.101 °
( 7.483 )( 7.681 )
¿ 180−134.101 ° θ=45.899 °

19.) Give the cartesian coordinates of the point C (ρ=4.4 , φ=−115 ° , z=2)

x=ρ cos φ y= ρsin φ z=2

x=4.4 cos (−115 ) y=4.4 sin(−115)
x=−1.86 x=−3.99

C (−1.86 ,−3.99 ,2 )
−1.86 a x −3.99 a y +2 a z Z

20.) Given points A(8,-5,4) and B(-2,3,2) find the unit vector directed from
the the origin toward the midpoint of line AB.

A +B 8−2 −5+3 4 +2
= , ,
2 2 2 2
 A +B
=3 a x −a y +3 a z
2
3 a x −a y +3 az
¿
√( 3 )2 +( 1 )2 + ( 3 )2
3 a −a +3 a z
¿ x y
√ 4.36
¿ 0.69 a x −0.23 a y +0.69 a z
Vector Analysis

21.) Four 10nC positive charge are located in the z=0 plane at the corners of a square 8cm
o on a side. A fifth 10nC positive charge is located at a point 8cm distant from the
other other charges. Calculate the magnitude of the total force on this fifth charge for
ϵ =ϵ 0.
4
∗92
2
F= √
4 πϵad
4 (10¿¿−8)2
¿ ∗ ¿
2 4 π (8.85 x 10−12)(0.08)2
F=4.0 x 10−4 N

22.) Point charges of 50nC each are located t A(1,0,0), B(-1.0,0), C(0,1,0) and D(0,-1,0) in
free free space. Find the total force on the charge at A.

2
( 50 x 10−9 ) RCA R DA RBA
F=
4 πϵ 0 [ 3
+
|R CA| |R DA| |R BA|
2
3
+ 3
]
( 50 x 10−9 ) 2 1 1
F=
4 πϵ 0 2 √ 2 2 √2 8[ + +
]
a x =21.5 a x μN

23.) A shift is travelling due to @10kph. What must be the velocity of the second ship
hvim having 30° of Nort if it is always due to North of the 1st ship.

10
cos ( 60 )=
x
10
x=
cos 60
x=20 kph
 24.) A truck is moving North at speed of 70km/hr. The exhaust pipe above the truck cab
sends sends smokes that make an angle of 20° Eq 5 behind the track. If the wind is blowing
direc direct east, What is the wind speed at the location?

70
tan ( 70 )=
x
70
x=
tan 70
km
x=25.48
hr
Vector Analysis

25.) Specify the unit vector extending from the origin toward the point G(2,2,-1)

2 a x −2 a y −a z
G=2 a x −2 a y −a z G= 2 2 2
√ ( 2 ) + ( 2 ) +( 1 )
2 2 1
¿ 2 i−2 j−k g= a x − a y − a z
3 3 3

26.) A) Give the Cartesian coordinates of the pt. C (ρ=4.4, ө=-115°, z=2).
X=ρcosө=4.4 cos (−115 ° )=−1.859
Y=ρsinө=4.4 sin (−115 ° )=−3.988
Z=2
B) Give the cylindrical coordinates of pt. D(x=-3.1, y=2.6, z=-3).
ρ=√(−3.1)2+(2.6)2=4.046
2.6
ө=tan−1 =−40° =140
−3.1
z=-3
C) Determine the distance from pt. C to D.
D= √ (X d −X c )2+(Y D−Y C )2 +(Z D −Z c )2
¿ √(−3.1+1.869)2 +(2.6+ 3.988)2 +(−3−2)2
¿ 8.363

27.) Given two pts. C(-3,2,1) & D(r=5,ө=20°,Ø=-70°), find a) the spherical coordinates of
c. b) the Cartesian coordinates of D. c) distance from C to D.

a) r =√(−3)2+(2)2+(1)2
¿ 3.742
 −1 1
Ө=cos
3.742
=75.5°
−1 2
Ø= tan
−3
¿−33.69°=146.31

b) x=5 sin 20 cos−70=0.585

y=5 sin 20 cos−70=−1.61
z=5 cos 20=4.7

c) R DC =( 0.585+3 ) ax + (−1.61−2 ) ay + ( 4.7−1 ) az

¿ 3.585 ax−3.61 ay +3.7 az
¿ √(3.585)2 +(−3.61)2+(3.71)2
¿ 6.297
Vector Analysis
28.) Transform the vector B= yax −xay+ zaz to cylindrical coordinates.
Solution:
Bρ=B·aρ
¿( yax−xay) · aρ
¿ ρsinөax·aρ −ρcosөay·aρ
¿ ρsinөcosө−ρcosөsinө
¿0
Bө=B·aө
¿( yax−xay) · aө
¿ ρsinөax·aө−ρcosөay·aө
¿ ρsinө (−sinө )−ρcosөcosө
¿−ρ sin2 ө−ρ cos 2 ө
¿−ρ(sin 2 ө+ cos2 ө)
¿−ρ
Bz=( yax−xay + zaz )· az
¿ zaz·az
¿z
B=− ρaө+ zaz

´ .
29.) For two points P (4, 6, 8) and Q (7, 4, 5) express PQ
´
PQ=( 7−4 ) ax + ( 4−6 ) a y + ( 5−8 ) az
´
PQ=3 a x −2 a y −3 az
 R MN B.)⃗
30.) Given the points M(-1,2,1) N(3,-3,0) P(-2,-3,4) find; A.) ⃗ R MP C.)⃗
R MP

R MN ¿ ⃗
A.) ⃗ N −⃗M
¿ ( 3 ,−3,0 )−(−1,2,1)
¿ ( 4 ,−5 ,−1 )
R MN =4 ax −5 a y −a z
⃗

R MP ¿ ⃗
B.) ⃗ P− ⃗
M R MN + ⃗
⃗ R MP
R MP ¿ P− M
⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ¿ ( 4 ,−5 ,−1 )+(−1 ,−5 ,−5)
¿ (−2 ,−3 ,−4 )−(−1,2,1 ) ¿(3 ,−10 ,−6)
R MP=(−1 ,−5 ,−5)
⃗ ¿ 3 a x −10 a y −6 a z