MIKE Zero Toolbox

User Guide

MIKE 2017
2
PLEASE NOTE

COPYRIGHT This document refers to proprietary computer software which is pro-

tected by copyright. All rights are reserved. Copying or other repro-
duction of this manual or the related programs is prohibited without
prior written consent of DHI. For details please refer to your 'DHI
Software Licence Agreement'.

LIMITED LIABILITY The liability of DHI is limited as specified in Section III of your 'DHI
Software Licence Agreement':

'IN NO EVENT SHALL DHI OR ITS REPRESENTATIVES

(AGENTS AND SUPPLIERS) BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, SPECIAL,
INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR
DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS OR SAVINGS,
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMA-
TION OR OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS ARISING OUT OF THE
USE OF OR THE INABILITY TO USE THIS DHI SOFTWARE
PRODUCT, EVEN IF DHI HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSI-
BILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THIS LIMITATION SHALL APPLY
TO CLAIMS OF PERSONAL INJURY TO THE EXTENT PERMIT-
TED BY LAW. SOME COUNTRIES OR STATES DO NOT ALLOW
THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSE-
QUENTIAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL DAMAGES AND,
ACCORDINGLY, SOME PORTIONS OF THESE LIMITATIONS
MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. BY YOUR OPENING OF THIS
SEALED PACKAGE OR INSTALLING OR USING THE SOFT-
WARE, YOU HAVE ACCEPTED THAT THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS
OR THE MAXIMUM LEGALLY APPLICABLE SUBSET OF THESE
LIMITATIONS APPLY TO YOUR PURCHASE OF THIS SOFT-
WARE.'

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4 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI
CONTENTS

MZ Tools: Concatenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1 Concatenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.1 Select Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.3 Item Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.4 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.5 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

MZ Tools: Extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2 Extraction of Time Series from 1D Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.3 Item Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.4 Point Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.5 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3 Extraction of Time Series from 2D Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.3 Item Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.4 Item Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.5 Point Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.6 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.7 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4 Extraction of Time Series from 3D Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.3 Item Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4.4 Point Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.5 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5 Extraction of Profile series from 2D Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

5
 5.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.3 Item Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.4 Line Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.5 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
5.6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6 Extraction of Profile series from 3D Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.3 Item Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.4 Line Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.5 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7 Extraction of 2D time series from 3D Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.3 Matrix Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.4 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.5 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

MZ Tools: File Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

8 Geo-Referencing Image File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8.1 Select Image File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8.2 Geo-referencing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
8.3 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
9 Mesh Converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9.1 Input format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9.2 Non-MZ Bathymetry Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9.3 Dfs2 Bathymetry Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
9.4 Dfsu Result File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
9.5 Units of Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
9.5.1 Projected coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
9.5.2 Geographical coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9.6 Element Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9.7 Output Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9.8 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
9.9 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
9.9.1 Rectangular grid bathymetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
9.9.2 Curvilinear grid bathymetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
9.9.3 ADCIRC bathymetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
9.9.4 SMS TUFLOW bathymetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
9.9.5 Dfsu result file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

6 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

MZ Tools: GIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
10 GIS - Grd2Mike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
10.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
10.2 Data Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
10.3 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
10.4 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
11 GIS - Mike2Grd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
11.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
11.2 Data Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
11.3 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
11.4 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
12 GIS - Mike2Shp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
12.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
12.2 Data Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
12.3 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
12.3.1 From dfs2 file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
12.3.2 From 2D dfsu file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
12.3.3 From 3D dfsu file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
12.3.4 From mesh file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
12.4 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
13 GIS - Mike2Txt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
13.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
13.2 Data Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
13.3 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
13.4 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
14 GIS - Shp2xyz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
14.1 Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
14.2 Data Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
14.3 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
14.3.1 Point feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
14.3.2 Polyline feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
14.3.3 Polygon feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
14.4 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
14.5 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
14.5.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
14.5.2 Input data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
14.5.3 Output data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

MZ Tools: Hydrology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
15 Maximum Rainfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
15.1 Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
15.2 Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

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 15.3 Output File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
15.4 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
16 Mean Area Weighting Algoritm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
16.1 Weighted Average dfs File Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
16.2 Weighted Average Weight Combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
16.3 Temporal Distribution dfs Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
16.4 Temporal Distribution Weight Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
16.5 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
16.6 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
17 Normalize Rainfall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
17.1 Normalize Rainfall Input Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
17.2 Normalize Rainfall Output File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
17.3 Normalize Rainfall Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
18 Runoff Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
18.1 Input Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
18.2 Accumulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
18.3 Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
18.4 Output File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
18.5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

MZ Tools: Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

19 Statistics for DFS Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
19.1 Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
19.1.1 Time series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
19.1.2 Line series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
19.1.3 Matrix series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
19.1.4 Volume series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
19.2 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
19.2.1 Derived items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
19.3 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
19.4 Calculation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
19.5 1D Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
19.6 2D Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
19.7 3D Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
19.8 Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
19.9 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
19.10 Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
19.11 Scientific Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

MZ Tools: Time Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

20 Interpolation of Time Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
20.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

8 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

 20.2 Interpolation Method and Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
20.2.1 Interpolation method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
20.3 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
20.4 Status - Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
21 One Year Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
21.1 Welcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
21.2 Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
21.3 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
22 Pre-Processing Temporal Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
22.1 Setup Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
22.2 Station Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
22.3 Interpolation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
22.4 Output Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
22.5 Spatially Distributed Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
22.6 Weighted Average Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
22.7 Temporal Extent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
22.8 Geographical Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
22.9 Time Series Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
22.10 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
22.11 Scientific Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
22.11.1 Thiessen Polygons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
22.11.2 Inverse distance weighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
22.12 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
22.12.1 Rainfall map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
23 Sorting Temporal Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
23.1 Input Time Series File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
23.2 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
23.3 Class Delimiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
23.4 Output Data Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
23.5 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
23.6 Scientific Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
23.7 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
23.7.1 Wind measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
23.7.2 Wave climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
24 Time Series Batch Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
24.1 General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
24.1.1 dfs0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
24.1.2 ASCII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
24.1.3 Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
24.2 Select Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
24.3 Define Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
24.4 Delimiter Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
24.5 Time Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

9
 24.6 Data Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
24.7 Item Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
24.8 Save Template File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
24.9 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
24.10 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
24.11 Preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
24.12 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
24.12.1 ASCII to dfs0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
24.12.2 Excel to dfs0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

MZ Tools: Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

25 Rotate Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
25.1 Setup Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
25.2 Select Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
25.3 Subseries Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
25.4 Select Item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
25.4.1 Derived items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
25.5 Grid Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
25.6 Land-Water Options and Values Outside Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
25.7 Output Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
25.8 Status - Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

10 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

M Z TOO L S : C O N C A T E N A T I O N

11
 The CONCATENATION Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facility:

 Concatenation

12 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Select Data Files

1 Concatenation
You can use this tool to concatenate files in dfs format, i.e. items from N dif-
ferent files will be joined in a single output file.

1.1 Select Data Files

On this page you select the number of input files and specify each.

The data must have equidistant time axis.

NOTE: It is not possible to concatenate decoupled flux files.

1.2 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in the concatenation.

The input files that lies in this period will be concatenated in the output. You
may set a time step (in an integer number of time steps) for the concatenated
output.

1.3 Item Selection

On this page you specify the number of output items and the items to be con-
catenated for each input files.

The item numbers must be ascending and each item number can only be
used once.

1.4 Options
On this page you may specify three options.

Insert Delete if Gaps.

If the input files do not overlab in time, this option can be enabled to ensure
execution by replacing missing time steps by Delete Values.

First File Defines Time

In general, all input files must have the same time step length and be aligned
in time. If the time steps are not aligned, this option forces the output files to
use the temporal alignment of the first input file and simply append all time
steps from subsequent input files without interpolation.

13
 Concatenation

Overwrite with latest

When the temporal range of the input files overlab, default is to use the data
in first file in the output. If this option is enables, the data in last file is used.

1.5 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the output file, i.e. the file
that will contain the resulting statistical values.

1.6 Overview
The overview page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

14 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

M Z TOO L S : E X T R A C T I O N

15
 The EXTRACTION Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facilities:

 Extraction of Time Series from 1D Data

 Extraction of Time Series from 2D Data
 Extraction of Time Series from 3D Data
 Extraction of Profile series from 2D Data
 Extraction of Profile series from 3D Data
 Extraction of 2D time series from 3D Data

16 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

2 Extraction of Time Series from 1D Data

You use this tool to extract time series of point values from time series of 1D
data. Given an input 1D data file and a number of discrete points, the tool
extracts the values from the 1D data set at the points within a given period.

The resulting time series is written to a standard DFS datafile.

2.1 Input
On this page you select the file with 1D data from which you want to extract
point values.

2.2 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in the extraction.

Typically you probably want to process the whole period.

2.3 Item Selection

On the item selection page you specify which items you want to extract points
from. From a type 1 file, you can only extract the items as scalars.

2.4 Point Selection

On the point selection page you specify the number of points and their loca-
tion.

You can also specify a decimal point and the program will interpolate between
values in the file.

2.5 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the output file for the
extraction, i.e. the file that will contain the resulting time series.

You can also specify a data file title.

NOTE: If you want to write the output to an old format time series file (exten-
sion .dt0), you should limit the number of output items to a maximum of 16.
That is the number points times the number of selected input items should be
less than 16.

17
 Extraction of Time Series from 1D Data

2.6 Overview
The overview page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

18 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

3 Extraction of Time Series from 2D Data

You use this tool to extract time series of point values from time series of 2D
data. Figure 3.1 illustrates the process.

Figure 3.1 Extracting time series from grid series

Given an input 2D data file and a number of discrete points (in the figure just
one), the tool extracts the values from the 2D data set at the points within a
given period.

The resulting time series is written to a standard DFS data file.

3.1 Input
On this page you select the file with 2D data from which you want to extract
point values.

NOTE: This functionality must be used with care for MIKE SHE files as the
values from a MIKE SHE grid is grid centred.

3.2 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in the extraction.

Typically, you will probably want to process the whole period.

3.3 Item Selection

On the item selection page you specify which items you want to extract. You
can extract the points as vectors or scalars.

19
 Extraction of Time Series from 2D Data

If you choose to extract vectors, you can choose between the following
options:

 Extract vectors directly. Choosing this option, it is not necessary to spec-

ify both X and Y components for the vector.

 Extract vectors as magnitude and direction. Here it is necessary to spec-

ify both the X and the Y component of the vector.

Magnitude = V x2 + V y2 (3.1)

Vy
Direction = 90 – tan– 1  ------ + TrueNorth (3.2)
 V x

 Extract vectors as projection. Here it is also necessary to specify both

the X and the Y component of the vector. The program will project the
magnitude of the vectors on the direction specified. The direction is spec-
ified as an angle with true north.

3.4 Item Selection

The program has now recognized your file as a Mike21 result file. Depending
on whether you have Levels and Fluxes or only Levels in your result file, you
can select to extract from a range of simple simulation output items and/or
you can choose some "derived" items. Some items will be treated as scalars
and some as vectors. This will be handled by the program.

3.5 Point Selection

On the point selection page you specify the number of points and their loca-
tion.

If you chose to extract the components as scalars, the points are extracted in
the coordinates (j,k) you specify in the list on this page.

If you chose to extract items as vectors, the points are not extracted in the
exact coordinate that is specified in the list, but from a location placed half a
grid cell down and to the left, respectively, see image below. If you for
instance extract the magnitude and direction in a point with the coordinates
(j,k), you will get the magnitude and direction based on model results in the
points P(j,k) and Q(j,k) as illustrated below.

20 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Output Specification

Figure 3.2 Definition of point position in extraction of vector items

3.6 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the output file for the
extraction, i.e. the file that will contain the resulting time series.

You can also specify a data file title.

NOTE: If you want to write the output to an old format time series file (exten-
sion .dt0), you should limit the number of output items to a maximum of 16.
That is, the number of points times the number of selected input items should
be less than 17.

3.7 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or execute the set-up.

21
 Extraction of Time Series from 2D Data

22 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

4 Extraction of Time Series from 3D Data

You use this tool to extract time series of point values from time series of 3D
data. Given an input 3D data file and a number of discrete points, the tool
extracts the values from the 3D data set at the points within a given period.

The resulting time series is written to a standard DFS datafile.

4.1 Input
On this page you select the file with 3D data from which you want to extract
point values.

4.2 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in the extraction.

Typically you probably want to process the whole period.

4.3 Item Selection

On the item selection page you specify which items you want to extract. You
can extract the points as vectors or scalars.

If you choose to extract vectors, you can choose between the following
options:

 Extract vectors directly. Choosing this option, it is not necessary to spec-

ify both X, Y and Z components for the vector.

 Extract vectors as magnitude and direction. Here it is necessary to spec-

ify both the X, Y and Z component of the vector.

Magnitude = V x2 + V y2 + V z2 (4.1)

V
DirectionXY = tan– 1  -----y- (4.2)
 V x

 Vz 
DirectionZ = tan–1  ----------------------- (4.3)
 V x2 + V y2

23
 Extraction of Time Series from 3D Data

 Extract vectors as projection. Here it is also necessary to specify both

the X, Y and Z component of the vector. The program will project the
magnitude of the vectors on the direction specified. The direction is spec-
ified as an angle with true north and an angle with the XY plane.

4.4 Point Selection

On the point selection page you specify the number of points and their loca-
tion.

If you chose to extract the components as scalars, the points are extracted in
the coordinates that you specify in the list on this page.

If you chose to extract some of the items as vectors, the points are not
extracted in the exact coordinate that is specified in the list on this page, but
in the points in between the grid points of the original file. e.g if you specified
that you want ex. the magnitude and direction in the coordinates P on
Figure 4.1, you will get the magnitude and direction in the points u, v and w.
On a staggered grid, that is.

Figure 4.1 Extraction of vectors

NOTE: In the present version you can only select point at the exact grid
points, i.e. the tool cannot do any spatial interpolation

24 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Output Specification

4.5 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the output file for the
extraction, i.e. the file that will contain the resulting time series.

You can also specify a data file title.

NOTE: If you want to write the output to an old format time series file (exten-
sion .dt0), you should limit the number of output items to a maximum of 16.
That is the number points times the number of selected input items should be
less than 16.

4.6 Overview
The overview page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

25
 Extraction of Time Series from 3D Data

26 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

5 Extraction of Profile series from 2D Data

This tool extracts time series of profile (line) data from 2D spatial data.

5.1 Input
On this page you select the file with 2D data from which you want to extract
profile series.

NOTE: This functionality must be used with care for MIKE SHE files as the
values from a MIKE SHE grid is grid centred.

5.2 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in the extraction.

Typically you probably want to process the whole period.

5.3 Item Selection

On the item selection page you specify which items you want to extract. You
can choose the items to be vectors or scalars.

5.4 Line Selection

Here you specify the start and end coordinates for the lines within the 2D
matrix, from which you want to extract profile data.

Specifying the line spacing is specifying how many points you want the line to
be split in, e.g. how many points between "start point" and "end point".

If you have specified to extract some of the items as vectors, the points are
not extracted in the exact coordinates on the line that you specified, but in
points in between the grid points. e.g if you specified that you want a line
going through the coordinates (j,k) in Figure 5.1, the program will calculate
the vector components in the points P(j,k) and Q(j,k), which are afterwards
projected on the line you specified.

27
 Extraction of Profile series from 2D Data

Figure 5.1 Extraction of vectors

5.5 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the output file for the
extraction, i.e. the file that will contain the resulting profile series.

You can also specify a data file title.

NOTE: If you have specified one line only the geographical position of the ori-
gin and the direction of the line is saved in the dfs1 file for GIS purposes.

NOTE: If you want to write the output to an old format profile series file
(extension .dt1), you should limit the number of output items to a maximum of
16. That is the number lines times the number of selected input items should
be less than 16.

5.6 Overview
The overview page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

28 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

6 Extraction of Profile series from 3D Data

This tool extracts time series of profile (line) data from 3D spatial data.

6.1 Input
On this page you select the file with 3D data from which you want to extract
profile series.

6.2 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in the extraction.

Typically you probably want to process the whole period.

6.3 Item Selection

On the item selection page you specify which items you want to extract. You
can extract the items as vectors or scalars.

6.4 Line Selection

Here you specify the start and end coordinates for the lines within the 3D
matrix, from which you want to extract profile data.

Specifying the line spacing is specifying how many points you want the line to
be split in, e.g. how many points between "start point" and "end point".

If you have specified to extract some of the items as vectors, the points are
not extracted in the exact coordinates on the line that you specified, but in
points in between the grid points. e.g if you specified that you want a line
going through the point P on the picture below, the program will calculate the
vector components in the points u, v and w, which are afterwards projected
on the line you specified.

29
 Extraction of Profile series from 3D Data

Figure 6.1 Extraction of vectors

6.5 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the output file for the
extraction, i.e. the file that will contain the resulting profile series.

You can also specify a data file title.

NOTE: If you want to write the output to an old format profile series file
(extension .dt1), you should limit the number of output items to a maximum of
16. That is the number lines times the number of selected input items should
be less than 16.

6.6 Overview
The overview page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

30 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

7 Extraction of 2D time series from 3D Data

This tool extracts time series of 2D data from 3D spatial data.

7.1 Input
On this page you select the file with 3D data from which you want to extract
2D time series.

7.2 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in the extraction.

Typically you probably want to process the whole period.

7.3 Matrix Selection

On this page you select the 2D slice that you want to extract.

The "Data Information" on the right hand side of the dialogue is the size of the
3D matrix in your input file.

You can define your own subarea, to be extracted to your output file, on the
left-hand side.

7.4 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the output file for the
extraction, i.e. the file that will contain the resulting 2D time series.

You can also specify a data file title.

NOTE: If you want to write the output to an old format 2D time series file
(extension .dt2), you should limit the number of output items to a maximum of
16. That is the number lines times the number of selected input items should
be less than 16.

7.5 Overview
The overview page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

31
 Extraction of 2D time series from 3D Data

32 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

M Z TOO L S : F I L E C O N V E R T E R

33
 The FILE CONVERTER Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facilities:

 Geo-Referencing Image File

 Mesh Converter

34 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Select Image File

8 Geo-Referencing Image File

An image with a related DHI world file with geo-referencing information can
be included as a background layer in various MIKE Zero modules.

This tool has been implemented to create a DHI world file that contains the
geo-referencing parameters for a given image file.

An example of the contents of such a DHI world file is shown below.

Figure 8.1 Example of DHI world file (image.gifw).

8.1 Select Image File

On this page you select the image to be geo-referenced.

The format of the image file may be one of the following:

 Bitmap (.bmp)
 JPEG (.jpg)
 GIF (.gif)
 PNG (.png)
 TIF (.tif)

The image file chosen may already be accompanied by a world file. Sup-
ported formats are:

 DHI world file format

 "older" DHI world file format without projection information
 ESRI world file format

35
 Geo-Referencing Image File

In all cases, the tool will use the information contained in the world file to cal-
culate the geo-referencing information.

Note that ESRI world files may contain rotation information, which is not sup-
ported by the tool.

8.2 Geo-referencing information

On this page you define the image coordinates for the lower left and upper
right corner. The coordinates must be specified by the given map projection
system.

NOTE: If a geo-referencing file already exists for the image, you only get the
option to change the map projection.

8.3 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or Execute the set-up.

The created DHI World file with the geo-referencing information will have the
same name as the image file with an additional ‘w’ in the end of the exten-
sion, i.e. bmpw, jpgw, gifw, pngw or tifw.

36 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input format

9 Mesh Converter
This tool imports bathymetry information in specific formats and converts the
information into a MIKE Zero mesh file that can readily be used in the MIKE
Powered by DHI software models.

9.1 Input format

Define the format of the input data. The input may be one of three types

 Non-MZ Bathymetry Input

(data from ADCIRC or TUFLOW/SMS)

 Dfs2 Bathymetry Input

(rectangular or curvilinear grid in dfs2 format).

 Dfsu Result File

(flexible mesh format, bathymetry data derived from static item)

9.2 Non-MZ Bathymetry Input

Browse and select the input file.
Note that you can choose to only display a specific file extension type.

Presently you can choose between two file extension types:

 .14 (ADCIRC data)

The z-value from ADCIRC data is assumed to describe depth, why the
value is multiplied with -1 before the mesh is saved

 .2dm (SMS/TUFLOW data)

The z-value from SMS/TUFLOW data is saved in the mesh file as is

For Non-MZ bathymetry data it is necessary to define the map projection that
the (X,Y) coordinates in the input data file is referring to.

In case (X,Y) is defined in geographical coordinates, select the LONG/LAT

projection found in the group ‘Non UTM projections’.

NOTE: The nodes in the input file needs to be saved in increasing order. E.g.
when converting a .2dm file to a .mesh file, the .2dm file’s nodes need to be
renumbered first in the SMS, so the Mesh Converter tool can find the correct
information about the elements and nodes when the format changes.
Only the node information for nodes on external boundaries are in transferred
to the resulting mesh file. The attribute for nodes within the mesh are per
default set to 0.

37
 Mesh Converter

9.3 Dfs2 Bathymetry Input

Browse and select the dfs2 input file containing the bathymetry data.

In case the bathymetry data is from a curvilinear grid, enable the Curvilinear
grid check-box and browse and select the dfs2 file containing the (X,Y) coor-
dinates relating to the bathymetry data.

The geographical information for the mesh file is derived from the input
bathymetry file.

NOTE: In case the bathymetry file contains a M21_Misc custom block, only
elements containing values below the land value are included in the gener-
ated mesh.

NOTE: The bathymetry data is per default derived from the first time step and
the first dynamic item in the dfs2 file. In the special case where the dfs2 file
contains one, and only one, static item (e.g. as for a MIKE 21 HD output file)
the bathymetry data is derived from the static item.

9.4 Dfsu Result File

Browse and select the dfsu result file containing the bathymetry data.

NOTE: The bathymetry data is derived from the static item.

9.5 Units of Input Data

For Non-MZ bathymetry data it is necessary to define the units the (X,Y) coor-
dinates and Z value is referring to in the input file.

The available units depends on the type of map projection.

9.5.1 Projected coordinates

Specify the units of the (X,Y) coordinate and the Z-value, respectively.

The projected (X,Y) coordinate must be specified in one of three units:

 Meter
 Feet
 US survey feet

The Z-level value must be specified in one of three units:

 Meter
 Feet
 US survey feet

38 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Element Type

9.5.2 Geographical coordinates

Specify the units of the (X,Y) coordinate and the Z-value, respectively.

The geographical (X,Y) coordinate must be specified using one of two units:

 Degree
 Radians

The Z-level value must be specified using one of three units:

 Meter
 Feet
 US survey feet

9.6 Element Type

For dfs2 bathymetry data it is possible to create the mesh file using one of
two different element types:

 Triangular
 Quadrilateral

Note that grid cells containing land values will not be included in the resulting
mesh file.

In case of triangular elements the resulting number of mesh elements will be

twice the number of active grid cells in the input bathymetry.

In case of quadrangular elements the resulting number of mesh elements will

be the same as the number of active grid cells in the input bathymetry.

9.7 Output Data

Browse and define the location and filename of the output mesh file.

9.8 Overview
Setup status: review the parameters. If you want to change any settings, go
back; if you are satisfied with the settings click Execute, or just Finish to save
the setup for later.

39
 Mesh Converter

9.9 Examples
You can access the tool from the MIKE Zero toolbox.

Figure 9.1 Select utility in MIKE Zero Toolbox

Setup examples of mesh conversion for various formats of input bathymetry

data can be found in the default installation folder at

.\MIKE Zero\Examples\MIKE_Zero\Toolbox\FileConverter\MeshConverter.
The resulting meshes are shown below.

40 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Examples

9.9.1 Rectangular grid bathymetry

The input file is a rectangular grid bathymetry in dfs2 format.

The mesh is generated using triangular elements.

Figure 9.2 Mesh conversion of rectangular bathymetry from dfs2 file

Upper: input bathymetry
Lower: output mesh

41
 Mesh Converter

9.9.2 Curvilinear grid bathymetry

The input file is a curvilinear grid bathymetry in dfs2 format.

The mesh is generated using quadrangular elements.

Figure 9.3 Mesh conversion of curvilinear bathymetry from dfs2 file

Upper: input bathymetry
Lower: output mesh

42 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Examples

9.9.3 ADCIRC bathymetry

The input file is an ASCII file containing bathymetry data in ADCIRC format
(.14). The file first defines the location of the individual node points, next the
elements with associated node numbers.

 The mesh is created using map projection UTM-32 and the (X,Y) coordi-
nate unit and the unit for the z-values in the input are specified as meter.

Note that for an ADCIRC bathymetry the depth values are automatically mul-
tiplied with -1 before the mesh is saved.

Figure 9.4 Mesh conversion of ADCIRC bathymetry data

Upper: start of input bathymetry data in ASCII file
Lower: output mesh

43
 Mesh Converter

9.9.4 SMS TUFLOW bathymetry

The input file is an ASCII file containing bathymetry data in SMS/TuFlow for-
mat (.2dm). The file first defines the elements with associated node numbers,
next the location of the individual node points.

 The mesh is created using a geographical coordinate system

(LONG/LAT). The (X,Y) coordinate unit is specified as being degrees
and the z-values as being defined in US survey feet.

Note that the bathymetry values in this instance should be multiplied by -1

before applying the mesh in MIKE Zero.

Figure 9.5 Mesh conversion of SMS bathymetry data

Upper: start of input bathymetry data in ASCII file
Lower: output mesh

44 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Examples

9.9.5 Dfsu result file

The input file is a dfsu result file from a MIKE 21 FM simulation. The original
bathymetry information is extracted from the static item along with information
about code values.

Figure 9.6 Extraction of mesh from dfsu result file

Upper: Input dfsu result file
Lower: Output mesh and related code values

45
 Mesh Converter

46 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

M Z TO O L S : G I S

47
 The GIS Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facilities:

 GIS - Grd2Mike
 GIS - Mike2Grd
 GIS - Mike2Shp
 GIS - Mike2Txt
 GIS - Shp2xyz

48 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

10 GIS - Grd2Mike
This tool has been implemented to transform ESRI’s Ascii Grid files (*.asc)
into MIKE21 grid data files (.dfs2).

An example of ESRI’s ArcView Grid Ascii format is shown below.

Figure 10.1 Example of input asc file. Only part of file (the top) is shown)

The tool assumes that the levels and grid spacing units are in metres.

10.1 Input
On this page the ArcView Ascii Grid file (*.asc format) where data should be
extracted from is selected. To select the file either type the full path or browse
for the file.

NOTE: The tool assumes that the levels and grid spacing units are in metres.

10.2 Data Specification

On this page the map projection be used is specified.

49
 GIS - Grd2Mike

10.3 Output Specification

On this page the name and title of the Output 2D Data File is specified. To
specify the file either type the full path or browse for the location.

10.4 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or Execute the set-up.

50 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

11 GIS - Mike2Grd
This tool has been implemented to transform MIKE 21 grid data files into
ASCII data in ESRI’s Grid format.

Note: Import of raw ASCII data as a layer using ‘Add Data’ in ArcGIS may
result in a misleading color ramp. Optionally use instead
ArcGIS Toolbox->Conversion->To Raster->ASCII to Raster.

Note: This tool only works correctly with a grid-orientation of 0 deg.N and a
grid spacing that is the same in both X- and Y-direction.

An example of ESRI’s ArcView Grid Ascii format is shown below.

Figure 11.1 Example of resulting asc file. Only part of file (the top) is shown)

11.1 Input
On this page the MIKE 21 (*.dt2 or *.dfs2 formats) file where data should be
extracted from is selected. To select the file either type the full path or browse
for the file.

Once the input file has been specified, the program requires the user to
define only one item which will be transformed.

Note: This tool only works correctly with a grid-orientation of 0 deg.N and a
grid spacing that is the same in both X- and Y-direction.

51
 GIS - Mike2Grd

11.2 Data Specification

On this page the Time Step(s) to extract data from is specified as well as
which projection system to use. The possible systems are those specified in
the utm.dat file

Beware that there will be generated one output file for each selected Time
Step. Each file will be postfixed with the Time Step number, e.g. having spec-
ified the output file C:\output.asc and selected time step 1 and 112 will cause
the generation of the two output files C:\output001.asc and C:\output112.asc.

11.3 Output Specification

On this page the name of the Output ArcView Ascii Grid File is specified. To
specify the file either type the full path or browse for the location.

11.4 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or Execute the set-up.

52 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

12 GIS - Mike2Shp
This tool has been implemented to transform dfs files into ESRI’s ArcView
shapefile format files.

12.1 Input
On this page you specify the dfs file and item(s) from where data should be
extracted. The input file may be one of three types

 dfs2 file
 dfsu file
 mesh file

Once the input file and item(s) has been specified, the selected items is
shown for reference.

NOTE: The field name for each item in the resulting shape file will be created
using maximum 10 characters. Special characters such as ‘.’ and ‘,’ in the
item name will be omitted.

NOTE: A dfs2 or dfsu file must be defined by an equidistant calendar axis.

NOTE: In case the 3D dfsu file is defined by a sigma-Z level grid, each layer
must be extracted beforehand, e.g. by Data Extraction FM, and converted
individually to shape files.

12.2 Data Specification

On this page you specify the time step(s) to extract data from. In case the
input file is a dfsu file in 3D you have to specify the layer number(s) as well.

The applied domain area and map projection is shown for reference.

Note that each combination of selected time step (and layer number) will be
handled individually and the output will be saved in separate output files,
postfixed with the Time Step number (and layer number).

12.3 Output Specification

On this page you specify the global filename of the output files.

Output of one time step will produce the following files:

 A shape file (.shp), also called the main file, containing the geometric
objects (points or polygons)

53
 GIS - Mike2Shp

 A projection file (.prj) specifying the geographic coordinate system of the

shape file

 An index file (.shx), containing file positions of the records in the main file

 A database file, (.dbf), containing the actual data values extracted from
the data of the input data file

The output files will be postfixed with the Time Step number (and layer num-
ber)

The actual number of output files depends on type of input file and the
selected number of time steps (and layers).

12.3.1 From dfs2 file

For each time step the following files will be generated:

1. A shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) describ-
ing the cell values by a point feature layer. The points are positioned in
the centre of each grid cell.
(naming convention: globalname_nodes_timestepnumber.*)

2. A shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) describ-
ing the cell values by a polygon feature layer. The polygons represent
the extension of each grid cell.
(naming convention: globalname_cells_timestepnumber.*)

12.3.2 From 2D dfsu file

For a 2D dfsu file the node values and element values in the dfsu file are
saved in separate shape files.

The following files will be generated:

1. One shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) con-
taining the bathymetry of the nodes by a point feature layer.
(naming convention: globalname_Nodes.*)

2. A shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) for each
selected time step containing the selected element values by a polygon
feature layer.
(naming convention: globalname_elements_timestepnumber.*)

54 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Overview

12.3.3 From 3D dfsu file

For a 3D dfsu file the node values and element values in the dfsu file are
saved in separate shape files.

The following files will be generated:

1. A shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) for each
selected layer containing the level of the nodes by a point feature layer.
(naming convention: globalname_Nodes_Layerlayernumber.*)

2. A shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) for each
selected time step and each selected layer containing the selected ele-
ment values by a polygon feature layer.
(naming convention: globalname_elements_Layerlayernumber_time-
stepnumber.*)

12.3.4 From mesh file

For a mesh file the node values and element values in the dfsu file are saved
in separate shape files.

The following files will be generated:

1. One shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) con-
taining the bathymetry of the node points in the mesh by a point feature
layer.
(naming convention: globalname_Nodes.*)

2. One shape file (and accompanying index, projection and DBF files) con-
taining the bathymetry of the elements by a polygon feature layer.
(naming convention: globalname_Elements.*)

12.4 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or Execute the set-up.

55
 GIS - Mike2Shp

56 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

13 GIS - Mike2Txt
This tool has been implemented to transform MIKE 21 grid data files into
ESRI’s ArcView txt format.

An example of ESRI’s ArcView txt format is shown below.

Figure 13.1 Example of resulting txt file (derived from Donegal bay bathymetry).
Only part of file (the top) is shown.

13.1 Input
On this page the MIKE 21 (*.dt2 or *.dfs2 formats) file where data should be
extracted from is selected. To select the file either type the full path or browse
for the file.

Once the input file has been specified, the program requires the user to
define the items which will be transformed.

13.2 Data Specification

On this page the Time Step(s) and Area to extract data from is specified as
well as which projection system to use. The possible systems are those spec-
ified in the utm.dat file

Beware that there will be generated one output file for each selected Time
Step. Each file will be postfixed with the Time Step number, e.g. having spec-
ified the output file C:\output.txt and selected time step 1 and 112 will cause
the generation of the two output files C:\output001.txt and C:\output112.txt.

57
 GIS - Mike2Txt

13.3 Output Specification

On this page the name of the Output ArcView Ascii Text File is specified. To
specify the file either type the full path or browse for the location.

13.4 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or Execute the set-up.

58 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input File

14 GIS - Shp2xyz
This tool has been implemented to extract spatial feature data from a shape
file and store the values in an ascii file as xyz data.

14.1 Input File

On this page you specify the shape file from where the spatial data should be
extracted.

NOTE: A “shape file" consists of a collection of files with a common filename

prefix, stored in the same directory. As a minimum, the three mandatory files
with extensions .shp, .shx, and .dbf should be available.

14.2 Data Specification

On this page you specify the type of geographical feature data you want to
extract. You can select between three types of shape features:

 Point
 Polyline
 Polygon

Per default the z-values are derived from the chosen geographical feature.
You have the option to specify the name of a field in the shape file that con-
tains the values to be saved in the z-column of the output data.

14.3 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name of the output file.

The output will depend on the selected type of feature.

14.3.1 Point feature

The output file will contain three columns:

1. X-coordinate
2. Y-coordinate
3. Z-level

If the feature data contains a z-value (type PointZ), this value is written to the
third column, otherwise the third column contains 0.
If a optional z-field has been chosen, the z-value is derived from this.

59
 GIS - Shp2xyz

14.3.2 Polyline feature

Each polyline will be represented by the position of the connection points and
the connectivity information. The output file will contain four columns:

1. X-coordinate
2. Y-coordinate
3. Z-level
4. Connectivity information (1: connected to next point, 0: end of line)

If the feature data contains a z-value (type PolylineZ), this value is written to
the third column, otherwise the third column contains 0.
If a optional z-field has been chosen, the z-value is derived from this.

14.3.3 Polygon feature

Each polygon will be represented by the position of the connection points and
the connectivity information. The output file will contain four columns:

1. X-coordinate
2. Y-coordinate
3. Z-level
4. Connectivity information (1: connected to next point, 0: end of line)

If the feature data contains a z-value (type PolygonZ), this value is written to
the third column, otherwise the third column contains 0.
If a optional z-field has been chosen, the z-value is derived from this.

14.4 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or Execute the set-up.

14.5 Example

14.5.1 Purpose

For the purpose of investigating flooding in a small town the municipality has
provided shape files describing various features such as houses, roads and
lights.

60 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Example

In order to include the information in the domain description (mesh genera-

tion) the data needs to be extracted into ascii xyz files that can be read by the
Mesh Generator.

14.5.2 Input data

The input data consists of three shape files:

 Houses - described by polygons

 Roads - described by polylines
 Lights - described by points
The field ‘ZValue’ describes the height of the lamp post

Figure 14.1 shows how the data can be displayed in ArcMap.

Figure 14.1 Shape file data displayed in ArcMap

14.5.3 Output data

The Shp2Xyz tool is used to extract the geographic position of the various
shape file data into xyz files. The resulting xyz data files can then be imported
into the Mesh Generator as scatter data or boundary arcs.

Figure 14.2 shows how the imported data may look in Mesh Generator.

61
 GIS - Shp2xyz

Figure 14.2 Resulting display of data in Mesh Generator

Scatter data displays internal bathymetry value of lamp posts

62 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

M Z TOO L S : H Y D R O L O G Y

63
 The HYDROLOGY Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facilities:

 Maximum Rainfall
 Mean Area Weighting Algoritm
 Normalize Rainfall
 Runoff Analysis

64 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input File

15 Maximum Rainfall
This tool extracts maximum rainfall for a number of periods from a range of
historical rainfall events.

15.1 Input File

Here the time series file for extracting maximum rainfall is selected. The time
series file can either have an equidistant, or an "almost" equidistant calendar
axis. The "almost" equidistant calendar axis is basically non-equidistant, but
has equidistant time steps during rain events.

15.2 Parameters
 Extraction time step
 Event periods
 Extraction periods
 Extract values

15.3 Output File

Here the output time series file must be specified, full path and name. The file
will contain the output from this tool.

15.4 Summary
Summary, or setup status: review parameter spec's. And if you want change
any settings, go back; if you are satisfied with the settings click Execute, or
just Finish to save the setup for later.

65
 Maximum Rainfall

66 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Weighted Average dfs File Input

16 Mean Area Weighting Algoritm

MIKE Zero tool for mean averaging and weighting.

16.1 Weighted Average dfs File Input

Here you select input file and item in file.

16.2 Weighted Average Weight Combination

Here you select weighted average weight combination.

16.3 Temporal Distribution dfs Input File

Here you select temporal distribution input file and item in file.

16.4 Temporal Distribution Weight Combinations

Here you select temporal distribution weight combinations.

16.5 Output Specification

Here you select full path and name for the output data file.

16.6 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or execute the set-up.

67
 Mean Area Weighting Algoritm

68 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Normalize Rainfall Input Files

17 Normalize Rainfall
This tool normalises rainfall data measured eg every 10 min, 30 min or 1 hour
with rainfall data measured over eg 24 hours. The starting time in both files
must match, eg 9:00 AM, both, or 00:00, both, and both files must begin with
a "delete value".

17.1 Normalize Rainfall Input Files

Number of normalisations; for each of which

 File with data to be normalised

 File with normalization data

17.2 Normalize Rainfall Output File

Here the location and name of the output time series must be entered. The
file will contain the output divided over different items.

17.3 Normalize Rainfall Summary

Summary, or setup status: review parameter spec's. And if you want change
any settings, go back; if you are satisfied with the settings click Execute, or
just Finish to save the setup for later.

69
 Normalize Rainfall

70 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input Files

18 Runoff Analysis
Effective rainfall analysis: this tool generates as output a meta file from two
time series files, one with average rainfall data and one with observed dis-
charge data.

18.1 Input Files

Here you must select the average rainfall data file and the observed dis-
charge data file with the data to be analysed.

18.2 Accumulation
Parameters:

 Catchment area, E, f, fsa, Rsa.

 Start, End, Duration, Base flow, Total rainfall, Total effective.

18.3 Plot
Plot page.

18.4 Output File

Here you must select a (full path and) file name for the output meta file con-
taining the generated plot.

18.5 Summary
Summary, or setup status: review parameter spec's. And if you want change
any settings, go back; if you are satisfied with the settings click Execute, or
just Finish to save the setup for later.

71
 Runoff Analysis

72 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

M Z TO O L S : STA T I S T I C S

73
 The Statistics Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facility:

 Statistics for DFS Data Files

74 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Dimension

19 Statistics for DFS Data Files

You can use this tool to calculate statistical values on time series (.dfs0), line
series (.dfs1), matrix series (.dfs2) or volume series (.dfs3).

The output will be written to either an ascii file (in the time series case) or a
standard dfs file.

19.1 Dimension
Here you select which type of file (Dimension) you want to do statistics on.

19.1.1 Time series

If you choose to do statistics on a time series file, the output will be written to
an *.out file in the same directory as your input data. The name of the output
file will be the setup name specified on the previous page. You will get Mini-
mum, Maximum, Median, Mean, Root mean square, Standard deviation and
Skewness for a time series file.

19.1.2 Line series

If you choose to do statistics on a line series file, you may choose up to six
statistical parameters as output. You will choose these later on the Statistics
dialogue.

19.1.3 Matrix series

If you choose to do statistics on a grid series file, you will have to choose one
of six statistical parameters as output due to space limitations. You will
choose these later on the Statistics dialogue.

19.1.4 Volume series

If you choose to do statistics on a line, matrix or volume series file, you will
have to choose one of six statistical parameters as output due to space limita-
tions. You will choose these later on the Statistics dialogue.

19.2 Input
On this page you select your input file. When you choose the file, you also
choose the items that you want to do statistics on.

You can choose up to 10 items.

75
 Statistics for DFS Data Files

19.2.1 Derived items

If the data file is a standard output file from MIKE 21 HD, i.e. containing the
items H Water depth, P-flux and Q-flux and with Data type = 1, you get the
additional option of selecting one or more of the following derived items: Sur-
face Elevation, Current Speed, and Vx and Vy (current velocities). These
items are calculated from h, p and q by the program as described below.

Figure 19.1 shows the definition of the grid items with respect to the position
in the grid. The saved h, p and q values in the file are positioned in the grid as
shown to the left, the derived items are all positioned in the center point of the
grid element as shown to the right.

Figure 19.1 Position in grid for items.

Left: Water depth (h) and flux components (p,q)
Right: Derived current speed (S) and velocity components (Vx,Vy)

The equations used for the calculation of the derived items are as follows:

W j k = h j k + z j k (19.1)

p j k p j – 1 k
Vx j k = -----------------------------
- + -----------------------------
- (19.2)
h j + 1 k + h j k h j k + h j – 1 k

q j k q j k – 1
Vy j ,k = -----------------------------
- + -----------------------------
- (19.3)
h j k + 1 + h j k h j k + h j k – 1

2 2
S j k =  Vx j k  +  Vy j k  (19.4)

where zj,k is the bathymetry value stored in the static item.

76 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Subseries Selection

19.3 Subseries Selection

This page allows you to select a specific temporal subset of the input data
you want to include in your statistics calculation. Statistics are calculated over
time, not over space, so selecting the subseries will influence the results.

Typically you probably want to process the whole period.

19.4 Calculation Parameters

As default the statistics are based directly on the time series values them-
selves, i.e. relative to zero.

However, for a time series file it is possible to give any constant reference
level which is substracted from the time series values before the statistics are
calculated.

Another possibility is to give the reference level as a time series covering the
whole period. In this way it is possible to compute statistics on e.g. the differ-
ence between a simulated and a measured time series in water levels, i.e. on
the error. In addition you can specify a lower and upper reference level limit.
In this case only time steps for which the reference level is inside this range
gives a contribution to the statistics. Thus, if only a minimum reference level
is given and the time series are again water levels, statistics on the error dur-
ing periods of high level can be calculated.

Note: Delete values in the file are not considered when calculating statistics.
E.g. you can have an exceedance percentage of 100 percent, even if the grid
point is not flooded at all time steps.

19.5 1D Line
Here you select the part of the line for which you want to calculate statistics.

19.6 2D Area
Here you select the subarea in which you want to calculate statistics.

19.7 3D Area
Here you select the subarea in which you want to calculate statistics.

19.8 Statistics
This is where you choose what type of statistics you want to calculate on your
1D, 2D or 3D data file. Due to memory constrains, you will only be able to

77
 Statistics for DFS Data Files

choose one type of statistics for your output file, when you are generating sta-
tistics for matrix or volume series.

The following statistical parameters can be calculated:

 Maximum value
Maximum value of all data

 Minimum value
Minimum value of all data

 Mean value
Mean value of all data, calculated by Eq. (19.5)

 Standard deviation
Standard deviation of all data, calculated by Eq. (19.7)

 Median value
Value below which 50% of the data fall

 Exceedance percentage
Percentage of exceedance given a threshold value

Note: Missing values may be excluded from the calculation. I.e. if a

value is missing 50 pct of the time and otherwise constantly has a value
of 5, then with a threshold of 4 the exceedance percentage will be 100%
if missing values are excluded. Otherwise the exceedance percentage
will be 50%.

19.9 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name and location of the 1D, 2D or 3D output
data file, i.e. the file that will contain the resulting statistical values.

You can also specify a data file title.

19.10 Status
The Status page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

19.11 Scientific Background

The statistical parameters are defined and calculated as follows:

78 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Scientific Background

The Median value: Value below which 50% of the data fall

The Mean value:

X
X = ---------- (19.5)
N

The Root Mean Square:

RMS =
X
------------ (19.6)
N

The Standard Deviation:

  X-X 
2
S = ------------------------ (19.7)
N

The Skewness:

Skewness = X
– mode-
------------------------- (19.8)
S

Where "mode" is the most common value.

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 Statistics for DFS Data Files

80 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

M Z TOO L S : TI M E S E R I E S

81
 The TIME SERIES Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facilities:

 Interpolation of Time Series

 One Year Summary
 Pre-Processing Temporal Data
 Sorting Temporal Data
 Time Series Batch Conversion

82 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Input

20 Interpolation of Time Series

This simple tool is used for changing the number of data points in a time
series file. This is done by interpolating intermediate values. This gives a
resulting time series with a modified time step (making the file shorter or
longer, depending of the user's needs).

20.1 Input
Here one specifies the full path name of the input file, i.e. the file holding the
time series data to be interpolated. The input file must be a dfs0 file. One
must either type the full path name or browse for the file.

20.2 Interpolation Method and Subseries Selection

Here one selects the interpolation method (linear or piecewise cubic) and out-
put time discretizsation: Start time, end time and length of time step for the
interpolated time series output file. Upon execution, the tool writes the output
time series with the requested time discretization.

20.2.1 Interpolation method

Interpolation can be performed on any time series type (e.g. instantaneous,

accumulated, step accumulated, mean step accumulated, etc.), but the utility
was developed having mainly in mind instantaneous time series data.

Figure 20.1 outlines the parameters needed for interpolating the value in
point A.

The linear interpolation basically takes two consecutive points and draws a
straight line between them. Furthermore, this procedure is performed to each
pair of consecutive points within the output period as shown below. This set of
straight lines contains all interpolated values for the output time series. The
formula for linear interpolation is:

x – x1
y = y 1 +  y 2 – y 1  ---------------- (20.1)
x2 – x1

The piecewise cubic interpolation takes four consecutive points, and per-
form an interpolation by a cubic polynomial between the two central points
(out of the four consecutive points). By performing a cubic interpolation, it is
possible to smooth the interpolated function with respect to the linear interpo-
lation. Drawing a line passing through the four interpolated points you see a
curve following the trend of the data variation.

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 Interpolation of Time Series

The formulas for piecewise cubic interpolation are:

x2 – x1
s 0 =  y 2 – y 0  ---------------
-
x2 – x0
x2 – x1
s 1 =  y 3 – y 1  ----------------
x3 – x1 (20.2)
a = s 1 – 2y 2 + s 0 + 2y 1
b = y2 – a – s0 – y1
y = y 1 + x  s 0 + x  b + xa  

Figure 20.1 Definition of interpolation components

Solid line: result of linear interpolation
Dotted line: result of piecewise cubic interpolation

20.3 Output Specification

Here one specifies the full path, file name, and optionally the title of the output
file, i.e. the file that will contain the interpolated time series. The output file is
a dfs0 file.

20.4 Status - Overview

The overview page presents a summary of all the input parameters specified
earlier. One should inspect the parameters to check they are correct, and if
not go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer the setup
definition to the current toolbox file, or execute the set-up.

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Welcome

21 One Year Summary

This tool takes a precipitation or discharge time series file as input. From that
a summary for each day, month and year is created.

21.1 Welcome
One year summary.

21.2 Input File

Here you select an accumulated precipitation or discharge time series file.
Enter start year, months and hour. Then select if input data is precipitation or
discharge. Finally, press 'View one year summary'.

21.3 Summary
Summary, or setup status: review parameter spec's. And if you want change
any settings, go back; if you are satisfied with the settings click Execute, or
just Finish to save the setup for later.

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 One Year Summary

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Setup Name

22 Pre-Processing Temporal Data

This tool takes as input a set of geo-referenced time series of the same scalar
type e.g. rainfall, discharge, water level etc. and combines these into a area
wide time series or a spatially and temporally varied data set.

22.1 Setup Name

Supply a name for the set-up so that it may be revisited.

22.2 Station Locations

Define the stations (time series) and their locations. The station locations may
be loaded from a point shape file or a x, y name file. The process is in two
steps the first steps involves browsing for the file and the second actually
importing the station locations by clicking the ‘Import stations’ button. If a pro-
jection is associated with the shape file (a *.prj file is located next to the
shape file) this is used to populate the projection field. If no *.prj file is present
or the user has selected an xyz file then the projection is to be supplied.
Please note that all subsequent geo-referenced data must use the same pro-
jection.

For each station a name is supplied if it has not been provided from the shape
file along with a dfs0 file holding the data. The tool does not modify the data in
the input dfs0 files and thus the data from the various input files must be com-
patible i.e. the same type of data and the same unit e.g. rainfall all in millime-
tres.

Once the table has been filled out the next button may be clicked. This action
will validate the data more specifically

 dfs0 files are checked with regards to existence

 the existence of a common time span of the time series
 the locations and the stations are valid data

Please note that the x,y name file has the extension *.xyz and the values are
space delimited.

22.3 Interpolation Method

The method for determining the interpolated value in the resulting output is
specified here. There are two options

 Thiessen Polygons: Value assigned corresponding to nearest station

 Inverse distance weighting with user defined power parameter

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 Pre-Processing Temporal Data

The power parameter must be a positive value. A value of two corresponds to

the standard distance measure.

22.4 Output Type

The output may be of two types

 Spatially distributed in either structured grid or an unstructured mesh

 A weighted time series per catchment

When selecting the former a mesh or a dfs2 bathymetry file must be pro-
vided. The file will define the grid or the mesh used for the output i.e. the file
must be created prior to using the tool. Note that the file must use the same
projection as selected for the stations. In the case of the weighted time series
a polygon shape file must be provided. This shape file may contain multiple
polygons and a weighted time series will be produced for every non empty
polygon (i.e. containing at least one station).

22.5 Spatially Distributed Output

The output file for the spatially distributed output is supplied here. Note that
the file extension must correspond to the type of input bathymetry that has
been supplied e.g. a mesh file will correspond to a dfsu file and an input grid
file will require a dfs2 file name. Along with the file name an item name must
be supplied.

22.6 Weighted Average Output

For the weighted time series case an output file (dfs0 extension) along with
an item name must be supplied per polygon. Note that the output files will be
over written. The file names are validated when clicking next.

22.7 Temporal Extent

The temporal extent must be supplied along with the storing frequency of the
output. The temporal extent must be compatible with the common time period
available within the input time series.

22.8 Geographical Overview

The overview presents the locations of the stations along with the mesh, grid
or polygons depending on the user selections of method. Further if Thiessen
polygon calculation methods have been utilized these will also be shown.

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Time Series Weights

22.9 Time Series Weights

The weighting matrix is displayed. The values may be altered or the matrix
may be regenerated by activating the ‘Calculate weights’. In case of the latter
a row in the matrix may be protected by use of the ‘Protect’ column. The latter
ensures that user defined weights are not overridden.

22.10 Overview
Setup status: review the parameters. If you want to change any settings, go
back; if you are satisfied with the settings click Execute, or just Finish to save
the setup for later.

22.11 Scientific Background

The following sections give the scientific background for the interpolation
methods used and for the weighting functionality.

22.11.1 Thiessen Polygons

The Thiessen polygon method assigns the value of any point to the meas-
ured value from the nearest measuring station. If this station does not contain
values at the specific time step then the nearest measuring with actual data
will be used instead.

Figure 22.1 Three catchments (polygons) with a number of stations within each.

The calculation of Thiessen polygon is confined to only take place within the
individual catchment. Thus in the above figure the average value within
catchment C3 is only affected by the values at the stations P4, P5 and P6.

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 Pre-Processing Temporal Data

The area of interest is the non-shaded part. The Thiessen polygons for catch-
ment C3 are illustrated below with the area of influence of station point P4 as
further been shaded.

Figure 22.2 The Thiessen polygon associated with point P4 within Catchment C3.

The value v at any point may be written as

N
1
N
-  w i  x y v i
v  x y  = --------------------------- (22.1)

 w j  x y 
i=1

j=1

where N is the number of stations. The weighting values in the case of Thies-
sen polygons are unity or zero where unity is used for the nearest station and
zero for the remaining.

To obtain an average value for the whole catchment the above equation is
integrated over the whole catchment and divided by the catchment area i.e.

 
 N  N N
 1  1
v =   ---------------------------
N
-  w i  x y v i dA = ----  A i v i =  Wi vi (22.2)
A
A 
  w j  x y  i = 1  i=1 i=1
 
j=1

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Scientific Background

Thus the weights for calculating the mean area weighting value per catch-
ment is given by

A
W i = -----i (22.3)
A

where the index i refers to the station.

22.11.2 Inverse distance weighting

The calculation of inverse distance values is based on the equation

N
1
N
-  w i  x y v i
v  x y  = --------------------------- (22.4)

 w j  x y 
i=1

j=1

the weights are in this case defined by

1
w i  x y  = ------------------------------------------
p
-
p
(22.5)
x – xi + y – yi

Where the index i refers to the station index and p is the power parameter
taking on a positive value. The larger the power parameter value the more
peaky the interpolated surface will be at the station values. Note that at the
measurement locations the station value is always used.

The catchment wide weights used for the inverse distance method are

N N N
1   1 w i  x y 
v =  ---------------------------
N
-   w i  x y v i dA =  ---A-  ---------------------------
N
- dAv i =  Wi v (22.6)
A   A
  w j  x y 
i=1 i=1 i=1
w j  x  y 
j=1 j=1

where the catchment wide weight is then given by

1 w i  x y 
W i = ----  ---------------------------
- dA (22.7)
A N
A
 w j  x y 
j=1

the evaluation of the above is done through a numerical integration using

evenly distributed grid.

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 Pre-Processing Temporal Data

22.12 Examples

22.12.1 Rainfall map

The purpose of this example is to illustrate how to generate a map with spa-
tially and temporally distributed data. The generated map may be used in
connection with modelling rainfall runoff in a mountain region.

Model input
The selected area is as displayed in Figure 22.3. Rainfall data has been col-
lected from three stations in the region and syncronised to a common equi-
distant calender reference.

Figure 22.3 Selected area. Points indicate location of stations with rainfall data.

Parameters
Two setups are created using Thiessen polygons and Inverse distance
method, respectively, to create the map. The output type is selected as spa-
tially and temporally distributed data saved every hour during the first 50
hours of the rainfall event.

Results
The generated rainfall maps are shown in Figure 22.4.

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Examples

Figure 22.4 Example of resulting rainfall maps for a certain time step.
Left: Created using Thiessen polygons
Right: Created using Inverse distance method

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 Pre-Processing Temporal Data

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Input Time Series File

23 Sorting Temporal Data

You use this tool to analyse time series of data and group them into various
classes similar to scatter analysis.

23.1 Input Time Series File

On this page you select you input file and which items in the file that you want
to use for the analysis.

You have the option to specify an additional item in the containing a duration
for each event in the analysis. The resulting duration of each each class is
then reflecting the number of seconds the class properties is taking place
instead of the number of timesteps in the input file.

NOTE:
The time series file is assumed to have an equidistant time step interval.

23.2 Subseries Selection

On this page you specify the temporal subset of the input data you want to
include in your analysis. The analyses are calculated over time, so selecting
the subseries will influence the results.

Typically you probably want to process the whole period.

23.3 Class Delimiters

On this page you define the dimension of the classes that the time series data
is to be sorted into.

Minimum value
The minimum value to consider for the analysis.

Maximum value
The maximum value to consider for the analysis.

No. Interval
The number of intervals defines the number of classes within each dimen-
sion.

23.4 Output Data Description

On this page you specify the name of the output file(s) you want to generate.

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 Sorting Temporal Data

The default output file is a time series file containing the duration and repre-
sentative value of each valid event class obtained by the analysis.

As an option you can choose to create an additional ascii file containing the
results from the analysis written as scatter diagrams.

23.5 Overview
The overview page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

23.6 Scientific Background

The data in the input file will be sorted as described below.

All values below the minimum value, Min, or above or equal to the maximum
value, Max, will be considered as invalid.

The interval for a single class, Dclass, is defined by

class =  Max – Min    NoIntervals  (23.1)

The minimum value within each class, class(i), is found by

class  i  = Minimum + class   i – 1  (23.2)

The event is deemed valid for the given class if

class  i   value  class  i  + class (23.3)

Note:
Each class is defined by a representative value, classrep(i), in the output:

class rep  i  = 0,5   class  i  + class  i + 1   (23.4)

23.7 Examples

23.7.1 Wind measurements

The following figures describe the process on how to sort data from wind
measurements where all the events has the same duration.

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Examples

The aim of the processing is to sort the data into classes.

Figure 23.1 Input wind measurements

Figure 23.2 Specify name for setup

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 Sorting Temporal Data

Figure 23.3 Define number of items in analysis, select input file and both input items

Figure 23.4 Specify subseries

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Examples

Figure 23.5 Specify class dimension and intervals for sorting

Figure 23.6 Specify output file names

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 Sorting Temporal Data

Figure 23.7 Resulting output time series file

Figure 23.8 Resulting ascii output file

Note: one of the events was deemed invalid because the wind speed
was below the minimum value of 2 m/s.

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Examples

23.7.2 Wave climate

The following figures describe the process and result when you sort a time
series file containing a wave climate where each event is defined by an indi-
vidual duration.

Consider a case where a harbour experience severe seiching for waves with
wave periods above 10 s that comes from SE (120 degrees -150 degrees).
By sorting the available data using only 2 items and relevant class intervals it
is possible to easy determine how often the seiching will occur.

The results in Figure 23.15 shows that during a total period of 35064 hours,
expressed by 11333 time steps in the input time series, seiching will occur
only during 7 hours, i.e. for 0.02% of a year.

Figure 23.9 Individual wave events with varying duration

Figure 23.10 Specify name for setup

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 Sorting Temporal Data

Figure 23.11 Define number of items in analysis, enable duration and select input file
and input items

Figure 23.12 Specify subseries

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Examples

Figure 23.13 Specify class dimension and intervals for sorting

Figure 23.14 Specify output file names

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 Sorting Temporal Data

Figure 23.15 Resulting ascii output file.

Note: emphasized values are number of hours where seiching occur.

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General Introduction

24 Time Series Batch Conversion

The Time Series Batch Conversion tool provides a user-friendly way of con-
verting large amounts of time series data files between dfs0, Excel and ASCII
formats. The format of the input time series data in ASCII and Excel files must
be defined by an user-defined template.

24.1 General Introduction

Time series data are one of the most fundamental data types in virtually the
entire MIKE Powered by DHI product line. The shared format for storage of
time series data is the .dfs0 file format. However, often the original time series
data are given and pre-processed in other formats such as ASCII and Excel.
It may be that the decimal separator is different from the commonly used and
sometimes it is also required that results are exported to ASCII and Excel
files for later use in 3rd-party software.

The basic time series tool, Time Series Editor, in MIKE Zero can import and
export time series data in ascii format, however it can only handle one time
series at a time and the format of the ASCII input file is restricted to a DHI
standard for the Time Series Editor. It is thus not feasible for handling large
amounts of data files.

This Time Series Batch Conversion tool can perform batch-processing of

large amounts of time series data files in dfs0, ASCII and Excel format.

The resulting output data files will be formatted in a default layout.

24.1.1 dfs0

Files in dfs0 format are per default defined by an equidistant calendar axis
with a number of items, see Figure 24.1.

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Figure 24.1 Default layout for files in dfs0 format

24.1.2 ASCII

Files in ASCII format must contain information with an increasing time record
and subsequent item information.

The default ASCII format layout is as indicated in Figure 24.2, however it is

possible to define templates for other layouts of ASCII files. The extension of
an ASCII output file will always be .txt.

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General Introduction

Figure 24.2 Default layout for files in ASCII format

Row 1: Type, Unit and Value type for each item
Row 2: ‘Time’ string + item name for each item
Row 3 and below: Date and time followed by item values

NOTE: The default layout for files in ASCII format is not the same as the lay-
out necessary for importing ASCII files into the Time Series Editor.

24.1.3 Excel

Files in Excel format must contain information with an increasing time record
and subsequent item information. The time specification may be defined in
one or several columns.

The default Excel format layout is as indicated in Figure 24.3, however it is

possible to define templates for other layouts of Excel files.

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Figure 24.3 Default layout for files in Excel format

Row 1: Type, Unit and Value type for each item
Row 2: Item name for each item
Row 3 and below: Date and time followed by item values

24.2 Select Input Data

On this page you select your input data.

You can choose to convert one file or a number of similar files contained
within a folder.

The format of the data file may be one of the following:

 dfs0
 ASCII
 Excel

NOTE: If you select ASCII or Excel format you will have to define a template
in the next dialog

24.3 Define Template

On this dialog you define the template to use for the conversion.

You have three options:

 Select existing template

 Modify existing template
 Create new template

If you have selected one of the first two options you must specity the template
file to use.

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Delimiter Description

When creating a new template the initial settings correspond to the default
layout for input file type (ASCII or Excel).

NOTE: A template file has the extension .xml.

24.4 Delimiter Description

On this dialog you specify how to interpret the delimiters in the ASCII file. The
delimiters may be one of the following:

 Comma
 Semi-colon
 Space
 Tab
 User defined
In this case define the delimiter string in the box to the right

You can furthermore select to treat consecutive delimiters as one and/or

ignore delimiters at the beginning of a line.

Finally you one of three ways to define the decimal separator:

 Comma
 Dot
 User locale
I.e. the seperator is defined by the local system settings

24.5 Time Description

On this page you select how the time and date values are defined in the input
file. You have to define the format and the (first) column of the specifications.
You have three option to choose from:

 Date and time

 Only time
 Only date

The format is specified by year (YY), month (MM), day (DD), hour (HH), min-
ute (mm) and second (ss).

In case the input file format is Excel the date and time may be defined over
several columns and you have to specify how the data is represented in the
individual columns by using the ‘|’ symbol.

24.6 Data Description

On this page you specify how the data values are defined and stored in the
input data file.

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

The individual items are described by a title, an item type, an item unit and a
value type, selected among the available parameters in the pre-defined MIKE
Zero item groups. Generally you can define the number of the row in which
the specific parameter is stored or define the parameter manually, for each
item individually or the same parameter for all items at once.

You have to define the row number from which the actual values are stored.

Per default an empty value denotes the delete value. You may specify the
delete value otherwise by defining a specific value or the number of the row
containing the delete value.

24.7 Item Description

On this page you select which items to convert and save in the output. You
may select any number.

NOTE: In case you have chosen to convert a folder of data files and the input
format is dfs0, the number of selectable items is determined by the number of
items in the first valid dfs0 file in the folder.

24.8 Save Template File

In this dialog you save the template file that will be used in the conversion
process. You may save to an existing template file or create a new template
file.

NOTE: The template file will be saved when you press Next.

24.9 Output Specification

On this page you define the format of the converted data and the name and
title for the output data file or folder.

The format of the data file may be one of the following:

 dfs0
 ASCII (default layout)
 Excel (default layout)

NOTE: If you are converting files from a folder, the names of the files will be
derived from the input file names.

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Overview

24.10 Overview
The overview page presents you with a summary of all the input parameters
you have specified. You should inspect the parameters to check they are cor-
rect, - and if not go back and change them.

You have the option to specify the location of an eventual log-file from the
conversion. If the conversion is successful no log-file is created, otherwise a
logfile with a list of the files not matching the template is saved.

From the page you can either Finish the set-up, which will transfer your set-
up definition to the current toolbox file, or Execute the set-up.

24.11 Preview
The preview button shows how the program will interprete the input data on
basis of the given settings. The first column shows the time whereas the
remaining columns show the items(s).

In case the given settings don’t allow for an interpretation of the input data a
message box will appear with a informative error message before the preview
is shown.

NOTE: In case the conversion is carried out on several files in a folder one of
the files in the folder will be selected as representative and shown in the dis-
play.

24.12 Examples

24.12.1 ASCII to dfs0

The following figures describe the process on how to prepare a template file
for converting an ASCII file to a dfs0 file and the subsequent use of this tem-
plate to batch-convert a number of ascii files with the same format from the
same folder.

The time series data files used in this example contains measured water lev-
els. The files are installed as a part of the MIKE Zero Example ‘Sound’
located in e.g.
.\Examples\MIKE_Zero\Projects\Sound\External Data\Measurements.

111
 Time Series Batch Conversion

Figure 24.4 Selected input data files as displayed by notepad

Select tool and single file for input data

Figure 24.5 Select the utility in the MIKE Zero toolbox

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Examples

Figure 24.6 Define the name for the setup

Figure 24.7 Define the ASCII input data file for template

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Figure 24.8 Specify that a new template is to be created

Define template for ASCII file

Figure 24.9 Specify delimiter and decimal separator

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Examples

Figure 24.10 Specify time description

Figure 24.11 Specify item description

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Figure 24.12 Item name specified manually

Figure 24.13 Select item to convert

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Examples

Figure 24.14 Save template file

NOTE: The template file will be saved when you press Next.

Specify output data and convert single file

Figure 24.15 Define output format and output file name

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Press Next and Execute to convert the ASCII file to a dfs0 file.

Figure 24.16 Resulting file as displayed in Time Series Editor.

Convert multiple ASCII files in batch

Figure 24.17 Define the name for the setup

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Examples

Figure 24.18 Define the folder containing the ASCII input data files

Figure 24.19 Specify the name of the existing template

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Figure 24.20 Select item to convert

Figure 24.21 Specify format type and folder for output data files.
Press Next and Execute to convert the ASCII files to dfs0 files.

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Examples

Figure 24.22 Status page.

Resulting message box revields that not all ascii files in the folder were
converted due to incompatible format.

24.12.2 Excel to dfs0

The following figures describe the process on how to prepare a template file
for converting an Excel file to a dfs0 file. The subsequent use of this template
to batch-convert a number of Excel files work in similary way to a batch con-
version of ASCII files.

The time series data file used in this example contains measured water levels
in four tidal station. The file ‘Sound_WL.xlsx’ is installed as a part of the MIKE
Zero Example ‘Sound’ located in e.g.
.\Examples\MIKE_Zero\Projects\Sound\External Data\Measurements.

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Figure 24.23 Selected input data file as displayed in Excel

Select tool and single file for input data

Figure 24.24 Define the name for the setup

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Examples

Figure 24.25 Define the ASCII input data file for template

Figure 24.26 Specify that a new template is to be created

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Define template for Excel file

Figure 24.27 Specify time description

Figure 24.28 Specify item description

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Examples

Figure 24.29 Select items to convert

Figure 24.30 Save template file

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 Time Series Batch Conversion

Specify output data and convert single file

Figure 24.31 Define output format and output file name

Press Next and Execute to convert the Excel file to a dfs0 file.

Figure 24.32 Resulting file as displayed in Time Series Editor.

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M Z TO O L S : TR A N S F O R M A T I O N

127
 The TRANSFORMATION Tools in the MZ Toolbox include the facility:

 Rotate Grid

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Setup Name

25 Rotate Grid
This transformation tool can interpolate and rotate scalar fields (e.g.
bathymetries), vector fields (e.g. wind velocity components) and tensor fields
(e.g. radiation stresses) stored in dfs2 data files.

The output is a new dfs2 data file with spatially interpolated values.

The interpolation is carried out using simple bilinear interpolation.

25.1 Setup Name

Here you choose your project name.

25.2 Select Input File

On this page you select the type 2 data file you want to interpolate/rotate
from.

25.3 Subseries Selection

You may select a subseries instead of the whole time range.

25.4 Select Item

If the data file contains more than one item, you must specify which items you
want to process.

Items are disabled by selecting 'Not Used', and scalar items are specified as
'Scalar'.

If some of the items constitute a vector field you have to specify which item is
the 'Vector X'-component and which is the 'Vector Y'-component. Also, if
some of the items constitute a 2. order tensor field, e.g. a stress tensor, you
should specify the two normal components 'Tensor XX' and 'Tensor YY' and
the shear component 'Tensor XY'.

25.4.1 Derived items

If the data file is a standard output file from MIKE 21 HD, i.e. containing the
items H Water depth, P-flux and Q-flux and with Data type = 1, you get the
additional option of selecting one or more of the following derived items: W
Surface Elevation, S Current Speed, and Vx and Vy (current velocities).
These items are calculated from h, p and q by the program as described
below.

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 Rotate Grid

NOTE: The calculations of derived items are based on the assumption of the
absolute delete value being very small, e.g. -10-30. The use of other delete
values may lead to incorrect derived results in grid cells next to cells holding
delete values.

Figure 25.1 shows the definition of the grid items with respect to the position
in the grid. The saved h, p and q values in the file are positioned in the grid as
shown to the left, the derived items are all positioned in the center point of the
grid element as shown to the right.

Figure 25.1 Position in grid for items.

Left: Water depth (h) and flux components (p,q)
Right: Derived current speed (S) and velocity components (Vx,Vy)

The equations used for the calculation of the derived items are as follows:

W j k = h j k + z j k (25.1)

p j k p j – 1 k
Vx j k = -----------------------------
- + -----------------------------
- (25.2)
h j + 1 k + h j k h j k + h j – 1 k

q j k q j k – 1
Vy j ,k = -----------------------------
- + -----------------------------
- (25.3)
h j k + 1 + h j k h j k + h j k – 1

2 2
S j k =  Vx j k  +  Vy j k  (25.4)

where zj,k is the bathymetry value stored in the static item.

25.5 Grid Size

On this page you define the new grid:

130 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

Land-Water Options and Values Outside Grid

 You must specify the extent of the new grid, i.e. the number of grid points
and the grid spacing.

 The origin of the new grid relative to the old one must be specified. The
shift in the origin is expressed in grid cell units, and it can be a float num-
ber. Note that the origin of the new grid can be placed outside the old grid
domain.

 The rotation angle - measured positive clockwise from new grid to old
grid - must be specified.

Figure 25.2 Definition of new grid

25.6 Land-Water Options and Values Outside Grid

To avoid making interpolation across land-water boundaries, i.e. interpolation
that includes both water and land point values, you have to tell the tool how to
distinguish water from land in your input data file:

 If your data does not have any land-water boundaries you should choose
the first option,

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 Rotate Grid

 If you are interpolating a bathymetry you choose the second option, and

 If the data has the bathymetry written as a prefix item (e.g. simulation
results) you should choose the last option.

The 'zland: Minimum value for true land' value is the value that separates
land from water. The value is only relevant if land-water interpolation option is
the second or third alternative. All grid points in the new grid which are placed
within the land area of the old grid will be given the "zland" value.

If the new grid is not fully enclosed in the old grid, you can specify a value
which will be uniformly set at all the exterior points of the old grid, in the new
grid. This can either be the delete value, or a user specified value. Finally its
also possible to specify values of exterior points relative to the old grid, in the
new grid through a .dfs2-file. The file should in that case represent a grid hav-
ing the same dimensions as the new grid which you specified earlier, but the
file can contain any values for the exterior points of the old grid which you
need to specify.

25.7 Output Specification

On this page you specify the name of the type 2 data file you are about to
generate. A descriptive title can also be specified.

25.8 Status - Overview

The status page presents you a summary of all the input parameters you
have specified. You should inspect that the parameters are correct and if not
go back and change them.

From the page you can either Finish the setup which will transfer your setup
definition to the current toolbox file or execute the setup.

132 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI

INDEX

133
 Index

A
ADCIRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
ASCII format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

D
Delete value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Delimiter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Derived item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Derived items . . . . . . . . . . . . 76, 129
dfs0 format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

E
ESRI world file . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Excel format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

G
Geo-referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

I
inverse distance weighting . . . . . . . 91

M
M21_Misc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

P
Polygon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 60
Polyline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59, 60

S
Shape file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
SMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Station location . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

T
Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Thiessen polygon . . . . . . . . . . 87, 89
Time description . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
TUFLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

X
XYZ data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

134 MIKE Zero Toolbox - © DHI