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Gear Terminology: What Is Gear Module?

This document defines key gear terminology including: - Gear module, which represents the size of a gear based on pitch circle diameter and number of teeth. - Pitch circle diameter, which is used to specify the size of a gear. - Pressure angle, which is the angle between the point of contact and common tangent on meshing gears. - Addendum and dedendum, which refer to the radial distances of teeth from the pitch circle. - Circular and diametral pitch, which describe the spacing of teeth around or across the pitch circle. - Clearance and working depth, which define the radial distances in meshing gears.

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Rabia Zulqarnain
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135 views5 pages

Gear Terminology: What Is Gear Module?

This document defines key gear terminology including: - Gear module, which represents the size of a gear based on pitch circle diameter and number of teeth. - Pitch circle diameter, which is used to specify the size of a gear. - Pressure angle, which is the angle between the point of contact and common tangent on meshing gears. - Addendum and dedendum, which refer to the radial distances of teeth from the pitch circle. - Circular and diametral pitch, which describe the spacing of teeth around or across the pitch circle. - Clearance and working depth, which define the radial distances in meshing gears.

Uploaded by

Rabia Zulqarnain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gear Terminology

What is Gear Module?


The Gear module represents actually how big or small the gear is. By mathematically it
is the ratio of pitch circle diameter in millimetres to the number of teeth. It is usually
denoted with m.

The gear module formula is m = D/T

Pitch Circle & Pitch circle diameter


Pitch circle is an imaginary circle upon which all the calculations based.

The diameter of the pitch circle is called the Pitch circle diameter. The size of the gear
is usually specified by the pitch circle diameter. It is also known as pitch diameter.
Pitch Point & Pitch surface
Pitch point is the common point of contact between two pitch circles, whereas the pitch
surface is the surface of the rolling discs which the meshing gears have replaced at the
pitch circle.

Pressure angle or angle of obliquity


The pressure angle or the angle of obliquity is the angle between the common normal to
two gear teeth at the point of contact and the common tangent at the pitch point.
It is usually denoted by φ.
The standard pressure angles would be 14½° and 20°
Addendum & Addendum circle
The addendum is the radial distance of the tooth from the pitch circle to the top of the
tooth. The circle drawn through the top of the tooth is called the addendum circle.

Dedendum & Dedendum circle


The dedendum is the radial distance of the tooth from the pitch circle to the bottom of
the tooth. The circle drawn through the bottom of the tooth is called the dedendum
circle. This dedendum circle is also known as the root circle.

Circular Pitch
The circular pitch is the circumferential distance measured on the pitch circle from a
point of one tooth to the corresponding point on the next tooth.
Circular pitch (Pc) = π D/T
(D = Diameter of the pitch circle, and T = Number of teeth on the wheel)

Diametral Pitch
Diametral pitch is the ratio of the number of teeth to the pitch circle diameter in
millimetres.
Diametral pitch (Pd) = T/D = π/Pc

Clearance & Clearance circle


Clearance is the radial distance from the top of the tooth to the bottom of the tooth, in a
meshing gear. A circle passing through the top of the meshing gear is known as
clearance circle.

Total Depth
The total depth is the radial distance between the addendum and the dedendum circles
of a gear. It is equal to the sum of the addendum and dedendum.

Working depth
Working depth is the radial distance from the addendum circle to the clearance circle. It
is equal to the sum of the addendum of the two meshing gears.

Tooth thickness
Tooth thickness is the width of the tooth measured along the pitch circle.

Tooth space
Tooth space is the width of space between the two adjacent teeth measured along the
pitch circle.
Gear Backlash
Backlash is the difference between the tooth space and the tooth thickness, as
measured along the pitch circle. Theoretically, the backlash should be zero, but in
actual practice, some backlash must be allowed to prevent jamming of the teeth due to
tooth errors and thermal expansion. But too much backlash also should be avoided.
That leads to the gear chatter in the gear boxes. Gear chatter means noise due to
vibratory torque transmission through the gears.

Top land
Top land is the surface of the top of the tooth.
Face of tooth
The face of the tooth is the surface of the gear tooth above the pitch surface.
Flank of tooth
The Flank of the tooth is the surface of the gear tooth below the pitch surface.
Face width
Face width is the width of the gear tooth measured parallel to its axis.

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