A Detailed Lesson Plan in World Literature

1. 1. Lesson Plan in World Literature Simulated Demo for Language Curriculum for Secondary
Students I. Learning Objectives At the end of discussion, the students are expected to: a.
Tell something about the prolific literature and the majestic civilization of Greece. b. Identify
the elements of the short story entitled, “The Adventures of Odysseus”. c. Share personal
experiences about an act of heroism as embodied by the character of Odysseus. d. Identify
the functions of gerunds in a sentence II. Subject Matter: Literary Focus – “The Adventures
of Odysseus”. Hamilton, Edith (an abridged short story from the original novel “The Odyssey”
by Homer. Reference: Mythology – Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. Hamilton, Edith. pp.
211- 229. Grand Central Publishing Language Focus – Gerunds and its functions in a
sentence Reference: Grammar for English Language Teachers with Exercises and a Key.
Parrott, Martin. pp. 140-142. Cambridge University Materials PowerPoint Presentation Chalk
Pictures III. Procedure Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity “Benito, please lead the prayer”
(Benito leads the prayer) “Good morning class!” “Good morning Sir Aleluya, peace and all
good!” (Students answer) “How are you today? How was your past class? Did you learn
something? Motivation (Students answer) “Class, have you ever heard of this maxim?
“There’s no place like home.” “Have you ever experienced being far away from (Students
answer)
2. 2. home?” What did you feel? “Yes, you all are right. Class, today, we are going to discuss a
short story about a hero who has been away from his family and his experiences as he
traveled homebound. It is entitled, “The Adventures of Odysseus” by Homer. Let’s unlock the
vocabularies first. “Class, I’ll read the word first and repeat it “Yes, Sir” afterwards. I’ll use the
words in a sentence and choose it’s synonym from the pool of words, okay?” “Prophetess”
(Students repeat) “Quaipo is swarmed with a lot of quack (Students raise their hands.)
prophetess.” Who wants to answer?” (Student answers) 1. Prophetess (‘pra-fe-tes) – a
female prophet Can you use it in a sentence? (Student answers) “Very good, thank you! The
next word is “fleet”. Who wants to take it? (Students repeat and raise their hands.) “Spanish
fleets defeated the Cuban fleets as they (Student answers) battle on shore.” 2. Fleet (flit) –
warship Can you use it in a sentence? (Student answers) “Good Job! Thank you! The next
word is (Students repeat and raise their hands) “sacked”. Who wants to answer?” “The
Philippines was eventually sacked by the (Student answers) Spaniards. 3. Sacked (saekt) –
captured Can you use it in a sentence? (Student answers) “Brilliant answer! Thank you! How
about this (Students repeat and raise their hands) word “arrogance”. Who wants to take it?”
“His arrogance made him lose all his money.” (Student answers)
3. 3. 4. Arrogance (‘ae-ro-gence) – boastfulness (Student answers) Can you use it in a
sentence? (Students repeat and raise their hands) “Good! Thank you! And the last one,
‘voyage’. Who wants to answer?” (Student answers) At last! I finally won a voyage to
Singapore! 5. Voyage (vo-ij’) – journey / trip (Student answers) “Can you use it in a
sentence?” “That’s very good! “Class, let’s read the words for the day.” (Students read) 1.
Prophetess 2. Fleet 3. Sacked 4. Arrogance 5. Voyage Quiz “Class, before discussing the
story, I want to check if you’ve gone through it. Kindly get a quarter sheet of paper and
number it 1-10. 1. Who told Trojans that the Greeks were inside the wooden horse? 2. How
many years has Odysseus been away from home? 3. What was Odysseus’ disguise upon
arriving in Ithaca? 4. Where did Odysseus traveled to look for Teiresias? 5. How many years
did Odysseus fared in the sea? 6. What was Athena’s disguise when he talked to
Telemachus at the sea? 7. Who were the allied gods of the Greeks? (2) When did Odysseus
sailed away from Calypso’s Island? What was Penelope’s way to prolong the wait of her
suitors?
4. 4. Answers: 1. Cassandra 2. 20 years 3. An seafarer 4. Erebus 5. 10 years 6. Mentor 7.
Athena 8. Zeus 9. Fifth morning after Hermes’ visit 10. Weave and unweave the cloth she
was doing. “Pass your papers. At the count of 10 all papers (Students pass and check their
papers) must be in my hands now.” Class, I am sure you are already familiar with the
 (Students listen) Greek Civilization. It is one of the pioneers that ruled the early civilization.
Can you say something about the Ancient Greece? “Yes, the Greek literature is one of the
oldest yet (Students listen) popular literary resources that has ever made. It reflects the
ingenuity and the creativity of the people during the ancient era. I am going to show a brief
overview about Greek Lit. “What can you say about the literature of (Students raise their
hands and answer) Greece?” “Very Good! Let’s discuss the life of the author.” (Student 1
answer) Who would like to start? Thank you! How about his education and works? (Student
2 answer) Who wants to answer Very Good! Thank you for your answers Motive Questions:
1. Why did Zeus and Athena became angry (Student answers) with the Greeks? 2. What
was Telemachus plan to get rid of (Student answers) her mother’s suitors? 3. What
happened during the meeting of (Student answers) Telemachus and Menelaus?
5. 5. 4. What happened when finally (Student answers) Telemachus and Odysseus sat face to
face? During Reading Let’s identify the elements of a short story. Let’s (Student answers)
habve first the characters. Class, there are ways of describing the characters of a story. The
first one is through his/her physical appearance –is the character fat, muscled, with green
eyes, ebony hair. It can also be through what the character thinks and feels and what other
characters tell. Who would like to describe the first two characters? “Very Good! Thank you!
How about the next 2 (Student answers) characters? “Good Job! Thank you! Who would like
to take (Student answers) the next two characters? “Nice answer! Thank you! And the last
two (Student answers) characters?” “Yes! Thank you! And where did the story (Student
answers) happen?” “Good! Thank you! The story happened mainly (Student listens) at the
sea and in Ithaca 10 years after the Trojan War.” “Class, let’s talks about the plot. As you
have (Students listen) observed, the story is about an adventure of Odysseus. He has gone
through different places because of the Poseidon and Athena’s doing. I have here a map
showing the trail Odysseus had passed before he eventually arrived in Ithaca. What we re
going to do is group yourselves into four. I’ll be giving you the stations and tell about what
Odysseus had experienced, okay? “Yes, Sir” (Students group themselves) “Let’s start, group
1?” (Group 1 tells their summary) “Good, group 2?” (Group 2 narrates the events) “Nice
summary, group 3?” (Group 3 narrates the events)
6. 6. “Very Nice, group 4?” (Group 4 tells the events) “Great job! Group 5?” (Group 5
summarizes the events) Very Good! Group 6? (Group 6 narrates the events) “Great
summary! And last but not the least, (Group 7 concludes the story) group 7?” “Good
narration guys!” Plot: I. Greek fleet journeys back to Sparta. Athena gets angry because Ajax
hurt Cassandra. Poseidon and Athena conjured to send big waves to sweep Greek fleet and
destroy them. Ajax was killed. Menelaus has gone to Egypt and Odysseus was alive but
wandered for 10 years. II. In Ithaca, Penelope is pursued by suitors across the land. She
hated them and contrives a strategy to prolong their wait. Telemachus asked helped from
Athena. Athena disguised as seafarer and told him to build a ship. He was jeered by the
suitors and went to the sea and prayed again. This time Athena disguised as Mentor. They
left at night and went to Nestor. III. They arrived at Nestor’s abode but he doesn’t know any
news about Odysseus. He told them to go to Menelaus. They arrived at Sparta afterwards
and attended a banquet. Menelaus told a story about Menelaus and Helen saw that
Telemachus look like Odysseus. Telemachus asked Menelaus about his father. Menelaus
told him that he was in Calypso’s Island. IV. Meanwhile, upon Zeus’ command to free
Odysseus, Hermes told Calypso to build a ship and send him away. Odysseus sailed home
but Poseidon saw him and he sent big waves. Odysseus woke up and saw that he
7. 7. was in an island. He saw women bathing and asked help to Nausicaa. She told him to go
to his father alone and asked for help. There, he told his story about his journey. V. His
journey started from sailing 9 days in the sea and arrived at Lotus Eaters – Cyclops
Polyphemus – Country of Winds (King Aeolus) – Country of Laestrygons – Aeaea (Circe’s
lair) – Erebus (Persephone and Hades) – Sirens – Scylla and Charybdis – The Island of the
Sun – Calypso’s Island – Country of Phaenicians VI. Odysseus sailed home and successfully
arrived at Ithaca. Athena talked to him and turned him as a poor man. Eumaea helped him
 went to his house. Telemachus headed home and went to Eumaea and saw his father. They
went home and saw Penelope’s suitor. VII. Penelope told that if anyone sent straight the
arrow from the holes of twelve rings. Odysseus shot the suitors and he all killed them.
Penelope rejoined with Odysseus. “Thank you! Very Good! Class, in short stories (Student
listens) we have this element called “conflict”. A conflict is the opposition of forces which ties
one incident to another and makes the plot move. We have three classifications. 1. Man to
Man – where the main character is battling against another character. Protagonist vs.
Antagonist 2. Man vs. Himself – where the main character is battling against an internal
problem inside him. 3. Man vs. Nature – where the min character is battling against the
forces of nature. “Class, what do you think is the conflict of the (Student answers) story?”
8. 8. “Very Good! Thank you! Class, the story has (Students listen) portrayed Odysseus as
person who goes on amidst the trials. What do you think does the story tell us? “Nice
answer! Thank you! Who else wants to (Students raise their hands) answer? (Student
answers) “Thank you! Good realization! Class, we have to remember that an act of heroism
and a valiant soul will always prevail and conquer everything that hinders you to be
successful. Do you have any experiences where someone or something has got you away
from being successful?” (Student answers) “Thank you for the sharing.” Class, the story of
(Students listen) Odysseus is one of the greatest novels ever written in Greek Literature. It is
a mythological story.” Language Focus Class for our language focus for today, we’re
(Students listen) going to discuss gerunds. Gerunds are one of the three classifications
under Verbals. Gerunds are verb forms that functions as nouns. In forming the Gerund, you
should always remember the formula: main verb + ing For example: jouney+ ing = journeying
believe + ing = believing destroy+ ing = destroying Can you give me examples of gerunds?
(Students give examples) Good, thank you! Class, there are 5 functions of Gerunds in a
(Students listen) sentence. a. Subject – Gerunds functions as subject in the sentence.
9. 9. Examples: Voyaging back home took Odysseus forever. Caring for Odysseus is the
passion of Calypso. Talking to Teiresias warned Odysseus about the sacred oxen. Can you
give me an example? (Student answers) Very good! Where is the gerund here? (Student
answers) Okay, is it clear? b. Direct Object – usually follows after the (Students listen)
transitive verb and answers the question who? Or what? Example: Odysseus kept waiting for
a sail homebound. Telemachus cannot bear seeing her mother weep. Poseidon detests
looking for Athena. Can you give me an example? (Students give examples) Nice sentence!
Where is the gerund (Student answers) here? Okay, is it clear? c. Subject Complement –
usually follows (Students listen) after a linking verb/ verb auxiliary Polyphemus’ revenge is
prolonging the journey of Odysseus. Circe’s evil magic is weakening the assembly of
Odysseus. Athena’s plan is helping Odysseus find a way.
10. 10. Can you give me an example? (Students answer) That’s a brilliant one! Where is the
(Students answer) gerund here? Is it clear? d. Object of the Preposition – usually (Students
listen) follows after a preposition Ino, the sea-goddess, succeeded in helping Odysseus. By
using his eternal prowess, Odysseus sent straight the arrows. Athena encouraged
Telemachus about voyaging. Who wants to give an example? (Students give examples)
Good! Thank you. Where is the gerund (Student points the gerund) here? Is it clear?
Generalization Class, let us generalize. What are gerunds? (Student answers) Good! Can
you repeat that? (Student repeats it) Good! How about the functions of gerunds? (Students
answer) Good! Class, bring out a quarter sheet of paper. IV. Evaluation Directions: Underline
the gerund word and identify its function in the sentence (2pts each item). 1. Athena hated
seeing Telemachus cry out of loneliness. Direct Object 2. Calypso’s love for Odysseus was
preventing her to set him free. Subject Complement 3. Penelope missed spending her day
with Odysseus. Direct Object 4. Longing was Odysseus’ hardest trial. Subject 5. Nausicaa
finds happiness in doing the laundry. Ob of the Preposition 6. Odysseus’ journey involves
fighting a lot of monsters. Direct Object 7. Menelaus kept narrating about the war. Direct
Object
11. 11. 8. In keeping with his tradition, Telemachus honored Menelaus. Ob of the Preposition 9.
Penelope’s suitors were jeering Telemechus. Subject Complement 10. Crying was the only
resort of Odysseus to ease his pain. Subject V. Assignment Write 3-paragraph essay about
your planned career in life. Use gerunds and underline them. (10 pts) Comments and
Evaluation: Prepared by: Denmark D. Aleluya BSEd – English III SJCQC