EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Carbon in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X UA
n-1
1 0.177 0.178 -0.0012 0.00000136 0.0031885 0.0013017082793
2 0.177 0.178 -0.0012 0.00000136
3 0.180 0.178 0.0018 0.00000336
EMS/C/3
4 0.173 0.178 -0.0052 0.00002669
5 0.180 0.178 0.0018 0.00000336
6 0.182 0.178 0.0038 0.00001469
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00005083
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % C obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0013017082793
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 =5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.004 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.004 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.002
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0005 (Detection limit of C )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0005 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.000289
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00240370085031

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.004807401700619 ~ 0.005 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for C is 0.18 ±0.005
The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--

MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)
1. TEST PARAMETERS :Silicon in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.203 0.202 0.0010 0.00000100 0.0017888544 0.0007302967
2 0.202 0.202 0.0000 0.00000000
3 0.201 0.202 -0.0010 0.00000100
EMS/C/3
4 0.200 0.202 -0.0020 0.00000400
5 0.201 0.202 -0.0010 0.00000100
6 0.205 0.202 0.0030 0.00000900
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00001600
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % Si obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0007302967
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.008 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.008 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.004
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.00015 (Detection limit of Si )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.00015 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 8.66E-05
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00406704233238
7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.008134084664751 ~ 0.008 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL
8. Reporting :the measured value for Si is 0.202 ±0.008
The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Manganese in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used
3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error

4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.484 0.481 0.0032 0.00001003 0.0023166067 0.0009457507
2 0.481 0.481 0.0002 0.00000003
3 0.480 0.481 -0.0008 0.00000069
EMS/C/3
4 0.478 0.481 -0.0028 0.00000803
5 0.479 0.481 -0.0018 0.00000336
6 0.483 0.481 0.0022 0.00000469
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00002683
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % Mn obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0009457507
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.004 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.004 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.002
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0002 (Detection limit of Mn )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0002 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.000115
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00221535048644
7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.004430700972884 ~ 0.004 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL
8. Reporting :the measured value for Mn is 0.481 ±0.004
The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Phosphorous in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.013 0.013 0.0002 0.00000005 0.0005076088 0.0002072304
2 0.013 0.013 -0.0003 0.00000008
3 0.013 0.013 0.0001 0.00000001
EMS/C/3
4 0.012 0.013 -0.0009 0.00000078
5 0.014 0.013 0.0003 0.00000010
6 0.014 0.013 0.0005 0.00000027
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00000129
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % P obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0002072304
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.0002 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0002 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.0001
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0002 (Detection limit of P )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0002 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.000115
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.0002574447082

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.000514889416391 ~ 0.0005 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for Pis 0.013 ±0.0005

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Sulphur in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.008 0.008 -0.0001 0.00000001 0.0003430258 0.0001400397
2 0.008 0.008 -0.0001 0.00000001
3 0.008 0.008 0.0002 0.00000005
EMS/C/3
4 0.007 0.008 -0.0006 0.00000034
5 0.008 0.008 0.0001 0.00000001
6 0.008 0.008 0.0004 0.00000017
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00000059
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % S obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0001400397
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.0005 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0005 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.00025
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0002 (Detection limit of S )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0002 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.000115
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00030894084295

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.000617881685906 ~ 0.0006 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for S is 0.008 ±0.0006

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Chromium in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used
3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error

4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 1.070 1.067 0.0033 0.00001111 0.0051639778 0.0021081851
2 1.070 1.067 0.0033 0.00001111
3 1.060 1.067 -0.0067 0.00004444
EMS/C/3
4 1.070 1.067 0.0033 0.00001111
5 1.060 1.067 -0.0067 0.00004444
6 1.070 1.067 0.0033 0.00001111
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00013333
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % Cr obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0021081851
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.013 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.013 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.0065
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0003 (Detection limit of Cr )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0003 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.000173
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00683552810282

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.01367105620564 ~ 0.014 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for Cr is 1.07 ±0.014

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Molybdenum in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used
3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error

4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.214 0.211 0.0027 0.00000711 0.0031411251 0.0012823589
2 0.213 0.211 0.0017 0.00000278
3 0.209 0.211 -0.0023 0.00000544
EMS/C/3
4 0.210 0.211 -0.0013 0.00000178
5 0.207 0.211 -0.0043 0.00001878
6 0.215 0.211 0.0037 0.00001344
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00004933
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % Mo obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0012823589
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.007 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.007 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.0035
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 3E-05 (Detection limit of Mo )
The Standard Uncertainty = 3E-05 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 1.732E-05
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00372756548493

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.007455130969861 ~ 0.007 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for Mo is 0.211 ±0.007

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Nickel in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used
3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error

4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 3.330 3.342 -0.0117 0.00013611 0.0132916014 0.0054262735
2 3.350 3.342 0.0083 0.00006944
3 3.330 3.342 -0.0117 0.00013611
EMS/C/3
4 3.350 3.342 0.0083 0.00006944
5 3.330 3.342 -0.0117 0.00013611
6 3.360 3.342 0.0183 0.00033611
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00088333
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % Ni obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0054262735
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.019 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.019 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.0095
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.005 (Detection limit of Ni )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.005 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.002887
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.01131493604833

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.022629872096658 ~ 0.022 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for Ni is 3.34 ±0.022

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Aluminium in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.016 0.016 -0.0004 0.00000016 0.0003577709 0.0001460593
2 0.017 0.016 0.0002 0.00000004
3 0.017 0.016 0.0006 0.00000036
EMS/C/3
4 0.016 0.016 -0.0002 0.00000004
5 0.016 0.016 -0.0002 0.00000004
6 0.016 0.016 0.0000 0.00000000
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00000064
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % Al obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0001460593
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.0016 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0016 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.0008
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0005 (Detection limit of Al )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0005 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.000289
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00086294070866

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.001725881417325 ~ 0.002 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for Al is 0.016 ±0.002

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Copper in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.085 0.086 -0.0017 0.00000295 0.0037456197 0.0015291428
2 0.088 0.086 0.0017 0.00000283
3 0.080 0.086 -0.0064 0.00004117
EMS/C/3
4 0.086 0.086 -0.0001 0.00000001
5 0.091 0.086 0.0042 0.00001750
6 0.089 0.086 0.0024 0.00000568
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00007015
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % Cu obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0015291428
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.004 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.004 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.002
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.00015 (Detection limit of Cu )
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.00015 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 8.66E-05
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00251908272547

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.005038165450947 ~ 0.005 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for Cu is 0.086±0.005

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Tin in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.004 0.004 -0.0001 0.00000002 0.000121106 4.944132E-05
2 0.004 0.004 0.0001 0.00000000
3 0.004 0.004 -0.0001 0.00000002
EMS/C/3
4 0.004 0.004 0.0001 0.00000000
5 0.004 0.004 0.0002 0.00000003
6 0.004 0.004 0.0000 0.00000000
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00000007
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % C obtained after 6 Analyses is 4.944132E-05
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.0005 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0005 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.00025
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0001 (Detection limit of Sn)
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0001 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 5.774E-05
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00026130016796

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.000522600335927 ~ 0.0005 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for Sn is 0.0005 ±0.0005

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2
 EARTH METALLURGICAL SERVICES

PROFORMA NO. : MS/QF/5.4/1

ISSUE NO./DT : 01/15.04.2014
REV./DT. : 00/--
MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS

METHOD :OES (FE-10)

1. TEST PARAMETERS :Arsenic in Low Alloy steel.
2. Sources of Uncertainty:
Uncertainty due to Repeatability of Test
Uncertainty due to CRM used
Uncertainty due to the Instrument used

3. Classification in to Type 'A" i.e Random and "B" i.e. Systematic Error
4. Calculation of Type 'A" Uncertainty, U A which is due to Repeatability Test (Random Error)

SR. LAB. NO Reading Mean (X) Deviation (Xi-X)² Std. Deviation Uncertainty
NO. (Xi) Value (Xi-X) σ - √∑ (Xi-X)² UA
n-1
1 0.006 0.007 -0.0004 0.00000016 0.0005329165 0.0002175623
2 0.007 0.007 -0.0003 0.00000009
3 0.006 0.007 -0.0006 0.00000036
EMS/C/3
4 0.007 0.007 0.0001 0.00000001
5 0.008 0.007 0.0008 0.00000064
6 0.007 0.007 0.0004 0.00000016
∑ (Xi-X)² 0.00000142
Type A Uncertainty evaluation i.e. U A for % C obtained after 6 Analyses is 0.0002175623
n = Total Number of Repeat Analysis done = 6
Degree of freedom = n-1 = 6-1 = 5 Page 1 of 2

5. Caculation of Type "B" Uncertainty which is due to Systematic Errors - U B

a UB1 = Uncertainty associated with CRM used. (CRM-BCS-466/2)

UB3 = 0.0005 taken from Calibration Certificate at 95% CL with a coverage factor, k=2
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0005 (Assuming normal distribution)
2
UB3 = 0.00025
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

b. UB2 = Uncertainty due to the Instrument used (spectroLAVM11)

UB4 = 0.0002 (Detection limit of As)
The Standard Uncertainty = 0.0002 (Assuming Rectangular distribution)
√3
UB4 = 0.000115
Degree of Freedom is = ∞

6. Combined Uncertainty UC

UC = √ (UA)² + (UB1)² + (UB2)²

UC = 0.00035095108871

7. Expanded Uncertainty, UEXP = k x UC = 0.00070190217742 ~ 0.0007 k is a coverage factor = 1.96 at 95%CL

8. Reporting :the measured value for As is 0.007 ±0.0007

The reported expanded Uncertainty in measurement is stated as the standard Uncertainty in measurment multiplied by coverage factor,k=2 at 95%CL
Page 2 of 2