INTRODUCTION OF

KUBERNETES
TRANG NGUYEN PRESENTATION
Table of Contents
1 Introduction of Kubernetes 2 Kubernetes Component
o Before Kubernetes o What Kubernetes can do? o What is Kubelet?

o Benefits of Containers o What Kubernetes can’t o What is Kubectl?

o Are containers the same do? o What is Kubeadm?

o Roadmap to install
Nodes in Kubernetes
thing as microservices?
3
o Microservices Kubernetes
o What is a node in Kubernetes?
Architecture o Features of Kubernetes
o Master node
o Microservices o Kubernetes Architecture
o Worker node
Architecture – o Kubernetes vs Docker
Ecommerce Swarm 4 Kubernetes Development Process
o Container Architecture o Kubernetes 7 use cases o What is blue green deployment?
o Microservices use cases o Advantage of Kubernetes o How to automate the deployment?
o What is Kubernetes? o 30-60-90 day plan in
o Why organization should Kubernetes
5 Networking in Kubernetes
use Kubernetes? o Kubernetes networking model

o Ingress networking in Kubernetes

6 Security Measures in Kubernetes

o Best security measures in Kubernetes

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 o Before Kubernetes o What Kubernetes can do?

o Benefits of Containers o What Kubernetes can’t do?

1 o Are containers the same thing as o Roadmap to install Kubernetes

microservices? o Features of Kubernetes

Introduction o Microservices Architecture o Kubernetes Architecture

of
o Microservices Architecture – o Kubernetes vs Docker Swarm
Ecommerce o Kubernetes 7 use cases
Kubernetes o Container Architecture o Advantage of Kubernetes
o Microservices use cases o 30-60-90 day plan in Kubernetes
o What is Kubernetes?

o Why organization should use

Kubernetes?

3
Before Kubernetes
The slide covers the Architecture of
before and after Kubernetes introduction
App App App

Bin/ Lib Bin/ Lib Bin/ Lib App App App

Guest OS Guest OS Guest OS Bin/ Lib Bin/ Lib Bin/ Lib
VM VM VM Container Container Container

App App App Hypervisor Container Runtime

Operating System Operating System Operating System

Hardware Hardware Hardware

Traditional Deployment Virtualized Deployment Container Deployment

. Resource allocation issues . High cost of implementation Containers are similar to VMs, but share
. If each application on a different physical . Security risk the OS among the applications ->
server -> can’t . Availability issue portable across clouds and OS
scale & expensive to maintain many . Limitations & Restrictions distributions.
physical servers. . Time consuming 4
Benefits of Containers
This slide highlights important factors why companies needs containers

300% Faster Time to Market Gain Freedom of Choice

 Newer applications and services  Cloud and OS distribution
keep the competitive edge portability: Runs on Ubuntu,
 Agile application creation and RHEL, CoreOS, on-premises, on
deployment major public clouds, and
 CI/CD pipeline anywhere else
 Dev and Ops separation of
concerns

- 40% IT Infrastructure Reduction 40% IT Operational Efficiency

 Increase application work density  Automate the management of
 Recover utilization of the server density various applications and
 Reduce package licensing prices infrastructure into one
operational model

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Are Containers the Same Thing as Microservices?

Microservices is an style of architecture.

A microservices design structures an application as a
set of loosely coupled, collaborating services that
deliver specific business capabilities.

Containers facilitate build it happen.

Containers are a lightweight, efficient and standard
way for applications to move between environments
and run independently.

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Microservices Architecture
This slide is to highlight the Microservices Architecture of Containers

Microservices Architecture

Microservice Microservice Microservice Microservice

Bare Metal Virtualized Containers Public Cloud

Applications
7
Microservices Architecture E-Commerce Application

Search

Payments

Client Browser UI Microservice

Review & Ratings

8
Container Architecture
This slide highlights the core Architecture of Containers and Applications hosted to the Docker Engine.

App App App

Bin/ Lib Bin/ Lib Bin/ Lib
Container Container Container

Docker Engine

Host Operating System

Host Hardware

9
Microservices Use Cases
The slide covers the major microservices use cases such as user info microservices, most trending use cases and recommendations microservices.

UI Microservice

Most Liked Video Uploading Content

Microservice Microservice Microservice

User Info Most Recommendations

Microservice Trending Microservice Microservice

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What is Kubernetes?
The slide shows the overview of Kubernetes.

Worker Nodes
KUBERNETES
kubelet
 designed by Google

service
app

app
Control Plane
Container  currently maintained by
External Runtime
API Server the Cloud Native
Request
Computing Foundation
etcd kubelet  an open-source container

service
orchestration system

app

app
Container
 help to automate
Scheduling Runtime
application deployment,
scaling, and management
Service Discovery
kubelet

service
app

app
Load Balancing Container
Runtime

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Why Organization Should use Kubernetes?
The slide highlights the core reasons why organization should opt Kubernetes.

Effective Migration to the Cloud 05 Better Management through Modularity

01

Multi-cloud (and Hybrid Cloud)

Flexibility
04
02 IT Cost Optimization

03 Improved Scalability and Availability

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What Kubernetes can do?
Service discovery and load balancing Automatic bin packing
 load balance and distribute the network traffic  fit containers onto your nodes with CPU and
so that the deployment is stable. memory (RAM) predefined to make the best
use of your resources.

Storage orchestration Self-healing

 mount a storage system of your choice  restarts containers that fail, replaces

automatically, such as local storages, public containers, kills containers that don't respond

cloud providers, and more. to your user-defined health check

Automated rollouts and rollbacks Secret and configuration management

 create new containers automatically.  store and manage sensitive information
 remove existing containers and adopt all their  update secrets and application configuration
resources to the new container. without rebuilding your container images

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 14
Container
Containers Containerizing image Infrastructure
runtime applications management provisioning Security
Kubernetes simply You have to package Kubernetes natively Kubernetes only Kubernetes can't
manages the the application into integrates with several manages the detect malware inside
containers once they containers, then give 3rd-party registries to workloads that run on container images or
are running. Kubernetes the automate storage or top of servers. alert you to
Kubernetes supports container images management of the Kubernetes can’t anomalous behavior.
a range of container you've built to deploy images. magically generate You need external
runtimes e.g. Docker them. more server tools to achieve these
resources. tasks.

What Kubernetes can’t do?

Roadmap to install Kubernetes
The slide highlights the roadmap to install Kubernetes in the organization.

Configure IP Tables

START
Install Docker & Configure

Disable SWAP
Install Kubeadm-
Kubelet & Kubectl

Create Default Audit Policy

END

Install NFS Client Drivers 15

Features of Kubernetes
01 05
Automatic Bin Packing Secret & Configuration Management

02 06
Service Discovery & Load Balancing Batch Execution

03 07
Storage Orchestration Horizontal Scaling

04 08
Self Healing Automatic Rollbacks & Rollouts

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Kubernetes Architecture
CLI-
Command UI
Line

API

Key-Value Store Kubernetes Master

etcd

API Server

Scheduler Controllers

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Kubernetes vs Docker Swarm
The slide provides the key difference between Kubernetes and Docker Swarm

Docker Swarm Kubernetes

01 No Auto Scaling 01 Auto Scaling

02 Good Community 02 Great Active Community

03 Easy to Start a Cluster 03 Difficult to Start a Cluster

04 Limited to the Docker API's Capabilities 04 Can Overcome Constraints of Docker

and Docker API

05 Does not have as Much Experience with 05 Deployed at Scale more often among
Production Deployments at Scale Organizations
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 Kubernetes 7 use Cases
The slide contains the important 7 use cases of Kubernetes Cloud Native Network Functions
Managing containers with encapsulated
network functions (CNF initiatives)
04
Lift and Shift Machine Learning
Facilitating the moving of on-prem apps to Managing machine learning workflows to
the cloud 03 05 deploy faster AI-based apps

Microservices
Heavy Computing
Orchestrating complicated apps based on a 02 06 Enabling computing-heavy tasks
microservice architecture with many
components

CI/CD
Simple App
Learning how to get your app up and running 01 07 CI/CD tasks are easier to perform with
Kubernetes
by deploying it on a Kubernetes cluster
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Advantages of Kubernetes
The slide highlights the major advantages of Kubernetes

01 Using Kubernetes and its Brobdingnagian Scheme will

improve your productivity

02 Kubernetes and a cloud-native technical school

stack attracts talent

03 Kubernetes could be a future proof answer

04 Kubernetes helps to form your application run

additional stable

05 Kubernetes is cheaper than its alternatives

06 Orchestrate containers on multiple hosts

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30-60-90 Days Plan in Kubernetes
The slide highlights the 30-60-90 Days plan to implement Kubernetes

30 60 90
Days Days Days

 Starting out with containers and  Implement Blue-green  Enable Logging

container orchestration tools deployments in  Start Monitoring
 Install Kubernetes Kubernetes  Fixing Issues
 Load balancing with Kubernetes  Making the deployments
 Two-step load-balancer setup automatic
 Configuring load balancing  Know your resource
constraints
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 2
oWhat is Kubelet?
Kubernetes
oWhat is Kubectl?
Component
oWhat is Kubeadm?

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Kubernetes Components
The slide highlights the key components of Kubernetes

Kubernetes Control Plane CLOUD

Kube-controller Cloud-controller
Manager Manager
Kubelet Kubelet Kubelet
Kube-proxy Kube-proxy Kube-proxy
Kube-api-server

etcd
Kube-scheduler Kubernetes Nodes

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What is Kubelet?
The slide shows the overview of Kubelet and explains its functionality

API Server Kubectl

POD
Master
Node
Resource Definition
(Pod, Etc)
Docker Kubelet

The kubelet is the primary "node agent" that runs on each node.
The kubelet works in terms of a PodSpec. A PodSpec is a YAML or JSON object that describes a pod. The kubelet takes a set
of PodSpecs that are provided through various mechanisms (primarily through the apiserver) and ensures that the
containers described in those PodSpecs are running and healthy. The kubelet doesn't manage containers which were not
created by Kubernetes.
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What is Kubectl?

KUBECTL Kubernetes

KUBERNETES API
HTTP

The kubectl command line tool lets you control Kubernetes clusters.
For configuration, kubectl looks for a file named config in the $HOME/.kube directory.
For details about each command, including all the supported flags and subcommands, see the kubectl reference
documentation. For installation instructions see installing kubectl.

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What is Kubeadm?
Master Node 1

kubernetes kubernetes

Docker Docker

1) Kubeadm init 2) Kubeadm join

Using kubeadm, you can create a minimum viable Kubernetes cluster that conforms to best practices.
In fact, you can use kubeadm to set up a cluster that will pass the Kubernetes Conformance tests. kubeadm also supports
other cluster lifecycle functions, such as bootstrap tokens and cluster upgrades.

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 3
oWhat is a node in Kubernetes?
Nodes in
oMaster node
Kubernetes
oWorker node

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What is a Node in Kubernetes?
The slide provides the overview of nodes in Kubernetes

Node in Kubernetes System is

Managed by the Master 05 A Node in Kubernetes Cluster is the
01 main Worker Machine

Node Provide All The Necessary

Services to Run Pods
04
02 They are also known
as Minions
NODES
03
It Cloud Run on a Physical
Machine or a VM
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Master Node in Kubernetes
The slide highlights overview of Master Node in Kubernetes and its functionality

CLI-
Command UI A Master Node
Line is a node which controls and
manages a group of worker
nodes (workloads runtime)
API and resembles a cluster in
Kubernetes. All external
communication to the cluster
Key-Value Store Kubernetes Master is via the API-Server, Kube-
etcd
Controller-Manager, that runs
a group of controllers for the
API Server
running cluster.

Scheduler Controllers

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Worker/Slave Node in Kubernetes
The slide highlights overview of Worker Node in Kubernetes and its functionality

External World
A Worker Node
 It is a physical server otherwise
you will say a VM that runs the
applications victimization Pods
Kube-proxy (a pod programming unit) that
is controlled by the Master
Node.
 On a physical server
POD POD (Worker/Slave Node), Pods
Kubelet area unit scheduled.
 For accessing the applications
Container
POD from the external world, we
Runtime
have a tendency to connect
with nodes.

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 4
Kubernetes oWhat is blue green deployment?
Development oHow to automate the deployment?
Process

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What is Blue Green Deployment?
The slide explains what is blue green deployment and its functionality

Blue Green Deployment

Pod
 Blue green deployment is a
method that reduces period
Pod and risk by running 2 identical
production environments
Service v1
Pod called Blue and Green.
 At any time, just one of the
environments is live, with the
live atmosphere serving all
Pod
production traffic.
 For this instance, Blue is
Pod presently live and Green is idle.
v2
Pod

Test Automation

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How to automate the deployment?
The slide highlights how to automate the deployment process

builds image Kubernetes

Build Server

Docker Hub

HTTP Callback
deploys
Deployer

Container pipelines automate each of the stages in the container deployment process, from building the initial image to
deploying to production. Typically, the entire container pipeline consists of three stages:
 Integration: changes are checked into source control, triggering the build process and unit tests.
 Acceptance testing: the container is deployed to a test environment and verified for functionality.
 Deployment: the final, fully-tested image is deployed to production.

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 5
Networking oKubernetes networking model
Kubernetes oIngress networking in Kubernetes

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Kubernetes Networking Model

Internet

Internet to Kubernetes

Container to Container Container to Container

Pod to Pod

Kubernetes Cluster
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Ingress Networking in Kubernetes
The slide explains the Ingress Networking in Kubernetes and its working

Pod 1 Pod 2 Pod 3 Pod 4

Network Network Network Network
eth0 eth0 eth0 eth0

veth0 veth1 veth0 veth1

cbr0 flannel0 cbr0 flannel0

eth0 eth0

Node 1 Root Network Node 2 Root Network

Route Table
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 6
Security
Measures in oBest security measures in Kubernetes

Kubernetes

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Best Security Measures in Kubernetes
The slide consists of the best Security measures which needs to follow in Kubernetes

Apply Security Updates to Implement Continuous Security

Environment Regularly Vulnerability Scanning

Restrict Access to ETCD Enables Auditing

Log everything on the Providing limited direct access to

Production Environment Kubernetes Nodes

Implement Network Segmentation Defines Resources Quota

Decides Strict Policy/Rules for Use Images from Authorized

Resources Repository only
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 Learn about Kubernetes and its fundamental concepts
01 https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/

Introduction To Kubernetes | Simplilearn

02 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ISUmszlMQPU

Introduction to Kubernetes | Microsoft

References
03 https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/modules/intro-to-kubernetes/

Introduction to Kubernetes architecture

04 https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/containers/kubernetes-architecture

Understanding Kubernetes Architecture With Diagrams

05 https://phoenixnap.com/kb/understanding-kubernetes-architecture-diagrams

Kubernetes Tutorial - A Comprehensive Guide for Kubernete

06 https://www.edureka.co/blog/kubernetes-tutorial/

Kubernetes in Action: What It Does (and Doesn't) Do

07 https://www.itprotoday.com/containers/kubernetes-action-what-it-does-and-doesnt-do

Comparing Container Pipelines

08 https://dzone.com/articles/comparing-container-pipelines

Kubernetes slide templates | SlideTeam

09 https://www.slideteam.net/kubernetes-docker-container-implementation-ppt-
powerpoint-presentation-slide-templates.html 39
 Thanks
T R A N G N G U Y E N P R E S E N TAT I O N

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