Revised Ordinance Governing Regulations and Curriculum

Of
MASTER OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka,Bangalore

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 The Emblem

The Emblem of the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences is a symbolic expression of the
confluence of both Eastern and Western Health Sciences. A central wand with entwined snakes
symbolises Greek and Roman Gods of Health called Hermis and Mercury is adapted as symbol of
modern medical science. The pot above depicts Amrutha Kalasham of Dhanvanthri the father of all
Health Sciences. The wings above it depicts Human Soul called Hamsa (Swan) in Indian philosophy.
The rising Sun at the top symbolises knowledge and enlightenment. The two twigs of leaves in western
philosophy symbolises Olive branches, which is an expression of Peace, Love and Harmony. In Hindu
Philosophy it depicts the Vanaspathi (also called as Oushadi) held in the hands of Dhanvanthri, which
are the source of all Medicines. The lamp at the bottom depicts human energy (kundalini). The script
Shanth i Manthram (Bhadram
Karnebh i which says we live the full span of our lives allotted by God in perfect
which is the motto of the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences.

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3
 REVISED ORDINANCE GOVERNING
MASTER DEGREE PROGRAM IN PHYSIOTHERAPY (MPT), 2020

(Under Section 35(2), Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences Act, 1994)

PREAMBLE
It is expedient to regulate the Institution/ College running Master Degree Program in Physiotherapy (in
short MPT), to set the standard in the said discipline, to enable autonomous practice as a specialist and to
imbibe the required skill and professionalism in the student. Hence, this revised Ordinance.
These Rules shall come into force, in all the Institutions/Colleges running Master Degree Program in
Physiotherapy (MPT) from the academic year 2021-22.

Title and Commencement

Master degree program Specialty In Short

Master of Physiotherapy (MPT) Musculo-skeletal Sciences MPT-MSK

Master of Physiotherapy (MPT) Sports Sciences MPT-Sports

Master of Physiotherapy (MPT) Cardio-vascular & Pulmonary Sciences MPT-CVP

Master of Physiotherapy (MPT) Pediatrics MPT-Ped

Master of Physiotherapy (MPT) Neurological Sciences MPT-Neuro

Master of Physiotherapy (MPT) Community Health MPT-Com

Master of Physiotherapy (MPT) Movement Science MPT-MS

Institutions may opt for the specialties they desire to offer, based on the infrastructure and facilities and
available guide in the specialty. They must ensure to provide for the infrastructure and facilities as
mentioned in this ordinance for the specialties opted for.

Eligibility to offer Master Degree Program in Physiotherapy (MPT)

Any Institution/ College running Graduate Degree Program in Physiotherapy (BPT) and on successful
graduation of the first batch is eligible to seek affiliation to start/ commence Master Degree Program in
Physiotherapy (MPT).

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COURSE OUTLINE
The Master Degree in Physiotherapy is a two-year program consisting of classroom teaching, self-
academic activities and clinical posting. In the first year, theoretical basis of specialty physiotherapy is
refreshed along with research methodology and biostatistics. The students are posted in their areas of
clinical expertise specialty during this period. They are required to choose their study for dissertation
and submit a synopsis. During the second year the students will be posted in their area of specialty. They
are required to complete and submit their dissertation. The learning program includes seminars, journal
reviews, case presentations, case discursions and classroom teaching. Some of the clinical postings are
provided at other reputed centers in the country in order to offer a wider spectrum of experience. The
students are encouraged to attend conference, workshop to enhance their knowledge during the course
of study. University examinations are held at the end of second year.

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

1. Preparation of a post graduate student towards his/ her professional autonomy with self-
regulating discipline at par with global standards.
2. Formation of base of the professional practice by referral as well as first contact mode using
evidence-based practice.
3. Impartation of research basis in order to validate techniques & technology in practice to
physiotherapy.
4. Acquainting a student with concept of quality care at the institutional as well as the community
levels.
5. Inculcation of appropriate professional relationship in multidisciplinary set up, patient
management and co partnership basis.
6. Preparation of students to address problems related to health education and community
physiotherapy.
7. Practicing the concept of protection of rights of the community during referral as well as first
contact practice.
8. Incorporation of concept of management in physiotherapy.
9. Experience in clinical training and undergraduate teaching partly.
10. Providing the honest, competent and accountable physiotherapy services to the community.

Eligibility for Admission

Candidates who have passed B.Sc. (PT) or BPT degree from institutions where the mode of study is a full
time program, with minimum 3½ years / 4 ½ years duration from this university or any other university in
India or abroad as equivalent with not less than 50% of marks in aggregate and have completed 6
months of compulsory rotating internship in Physiotherapy Colleges recognized by RGUHS - Karnataka
are eligible. Candidates who have passed BPT through correspondence or Distance Education program
are not eligible.
OR
Candidates who have passed BPT through Bridge Course or through Lateral Entry after completing their
Diploma in Physiotherapy from institutions where the mode of study is a full time program from this
university or any other university in India or abroad as equivalent with not less than 50% of marks in

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 aggregate and have completed 6 months of compulsory rotating internship in Physiotherapy Colleges
recognized by RGUHS - Karnataka are eligible. Candidates who have passed BPT through correspondence
or Distance Education program are not eligible.

Obtaining Eligibility Certificate

No candidate shall be admitted for the postgraduate degree course unless the candidate has obtained
and produced the eligibility certificate issued by Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka.
The candidate has to make the application to the university with the following documents along with the
prescribed fee.
1. B.P.T. or B.Sc. (PT) provisional / degree certificate issued by the respective university.
2. Marks cards of all the university examinations passed.
3. Completion of internship certificate.
4. Proof of SC/ST or category-I as the case may be.
Candidate should obtain the eligibility certificate before the last date for admission as notified by the
university.

A candidate who has been admitted to postgraduate course should register his/her name in the
University within a month of admission after paying the registration fee

DURATION OF THE COURSE

The duration of master of physiotherapy course shall be extended over a period of two continuous
Years’ on a full-time basis .The Maximum duration to complete the course shall be 4 years.

MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION
English will be the medium of instruction for the subjects of study and for the examination of the MPT
course.

INTAKE
The intake of students to the course shall be in accordance with the ordinance in this behalf. The guide
student ration should be 1:3

Intake to the Course:

(a) An Institution while starting MPT for the first time, the fresh intake to the Master Degree Program in
Physiotherapy (MPT) shall not exceed THREE students/ specialty.
(b) The University may increase the intake subject to availability of Post Graduate guides and the
Institution/College may apply for increase in intake, only after the first batch of students have successfully
completed the above course.
(c) The Post Graduate intake in the Institution/ College shall not exceed SIX seats/ specialty.
(d) Existing institutions affiliated to RGUHS offering MPT, may continue their admission with their existing
total intake capacity as approved by RGUHS and Government of Karnataka order (as mentioned in (e) ).
(e) Existing institutions affiliated to RGUHS offering MPT must decide the number of seats they would like to
opt for in each specialty and offer them based on the availability of recognized guide for a particular
specialty infrastructure and facilities available. However, The Post Graduate intake in the Institution/
College affiliated to RGUHS offering MPT shall not exceed SIX seats/ specialty.
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(f) Whereas, the University may increase the intake subject to availability of Post Graduate guides and the
Institution/ College may apply for increase in intake in existing institutions affiliated to RGUHS offering
MPT for not more than SIX seats/ specialty.

Intake of Students:

a) The intake capacity of students to each specialty seats shall be

Specialty Maximum Seats

MPT-MSK SIX

MPT-Sports SIX

MPT-CVP SIX

MPT-Ped SIX

MPT-Neuro SIX

MPT-Com SIX

MPT-MS SIX

b) However, the intake for fresh commencement in new colleges for the first time shall be THREE per
specialty.
c) The allotment of seats for any specialty shall be subject to availability of recognized guides by
RGUHS in the area of specialty chosen.
d) A new institution imparting a Master’s degree in Physiotherapy can apply for seat enhancement only after
the first batch of Master in Physiotherapy students have passed. No increase of intake shall exceed THREE
seats per year and per specialty at a time.

GUIDE

Post Graduate Guide:

(a) The teacher in a Physiotherapy College having 5 years of full-time teaching experience after obtaining
Master Degree Program in Physiotherapy (MPT) and the teacher has been recognized as guide by the
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka. The recognized teacher is eligible to guide the
students of MPT program in their respective specialty.
(b) Every recognized Post Graduate teacher can guide THREE students/ year
(c) Whereas, the existing MPT postgraduate guides in institutions affiliated to RGUHS may reapply for
their recognition to guide specialty of their choice as per the specialty available in accordance to this
ordinance.
(d) This ordinance proposes to introduce a total of 7 specialties. This creates a need for guides in 2
additional areas in addition to the existing elective branches. A onetime measure is provided to PG
guides to select the specialty branch they would guide. Once selected, the individual will be recognized
as a guide for the specialty at RGUHS.
The academic qualification and teaching experience required for recognition by this university is as per the
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 criteria for recognition of MPT teachers for guides.

Criteria for recognition of MPT teacher / guide

1. M.Sc. (PT) /MPT with five years teaching experience working on a full-time position at a
Recognized institution.
2. The age of guide / teacher shall not exceed 58 years wherever the retirement age is 60 years. Further,
one can guide upto the age of 63 years in which case the teacher shall produce undertaking by the
Institution stating they will be continued for a period of 2 years.
3. The guide student ratio should be 1:3

Change of Guide

In the event of registered guide leaving the college for any reason or in the event of death of guide,
guide may be changed with prior permission from the university.

COURSE CONTENT & STRUCTURE

The course and structure are outlined under Subjects of Specialty as follows

Teaching & Learning Weekly Class

SPECIALTY Total Hours
Methods hours

Lectures 2 180
a) Principles of Physiotherapy
Practice Seminars 2 180
b) Research Methodology and
Practical and 4 360
Biostatistics
Demonstrations
c) Exercise Physiology
d) Electrophysiology Clinical Discussions 2 180

e) Applied Anatomy, Applied Physiology

Clinical Case presentations 2 180
and Biomechanics in the area of
specialty
Journal Club 2 180
f) Physical and Functional
Diagnosis relevant to specialty Classroom Teaching /
1 90
g) Treatment planning and Physiotherapy Pedagogy

Management Self-directed learning/

3 270
h) Recent Advances in the area specialty Library

Clinical Training 15 1350

Synopsis & Dissertation work 3 210

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Community Camps, Field Visits, Participation in Workshops & Conferences 60

TOTAL HOURS 36 3240

ATTENDANCE
A candidate is required to attend a minimum of 80% of training and of the total classes conducted during
each academic year of the MPT course. Provided further, leave of any kind shall not be counted as part of
academic term without prejudice to minimum 80% of training period every year. Any student who fails to
complete the course in this manner shall not be permitted to appear the University Examinations. A
candidate who does not satisfy the requirement of attendance even in one subject or more will not be
permitted to appear for University Examination. He / She will be required to make up the deficit in
attendance to become eligible to take subsequent examination.

METHOD OF TRAINING
The training of postgraduate for MPT degree shall be on a full-time pattern with graded responsibilities in
the management and treatment of patients entrusted to his / her care. The participation of all the
students in all facets of educational process is essential. Every candidate should take part in seminars,
group discussions, clinical rounds, care demonstrations, clinics, journal review meetings & CME. Every
candidate should be required to participate in the teaching and training programs of undergraduate
students. Training should include involvement in laboratory experimental work and research studies.

Clinical Facility:
Every Institution/College shall have provision for clinical facility for the specialties offered. This must be
available in the own hospital or affiliated hospital.

Clinical Department is required in the Hospital.

Every Institution/College shall have provision for clinical facility as specified in Schedule III of the BPT
Ordinance 2016

The minimum number of beds required for Master degree program is 150. They may be distributed for
the purposes of clinical teaching as specified in Schedule III of the BPT Ordinance 2016.

OPD – in campus is required.

Minimum number of outpatient flow shall be 20 per day in the College campus. This is in addition to the
OPD at the attached hospital of the college.

OPD Unit: Mandatory 2000 sq. ft (minimum) to accommodate exercise and electro therapy units and make
provision for mat area and a consultation room. An outpatient department at the tie up facility cannot be
considered as an independent OPD Unit of the college. Staff Room of 200 Sq. ft. to be provided for staff in
OPD unit.

Laboratories:

(a) Every Institution/College running Master Degree Program in Physiotherapy (MPT) shall have adequate
laboratory facilities as specified in the ordinance for Bachelor of Physiotherapy, BPT
(b) The standard of such laboratory, space, equipment, supplies, and other facilities shall be in consonance
with the ordinance for BPT
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 i. Biomechanics / (Research Lab)
ii. Electro therapy Lab
iii. Exercise therapy Lab

Each lab shall have a minimum area of 800 sq. ft comprising of 5 treatment tables.

The Physiotherapy Labs must have the necessary equipment as prescribed the BPT Ordinance

Practical:

(a) The students shall carry out the practical learning under the guidance and supervision of a recognized
guide.
(b) Every batch for practical learning shall consist of not more than SIX students.
(c) e – Learning shall be part and parcel of the Master Degree Program in Physiotherapy (MPT).

Laboratories:

(a) Every Institution/College running Bachelor Degree Program in Physiotherapy shall have adequate
laboratory facilities specified in Schedule IV of the BPT Ordinance.
(b) The standard of such laboratory, space, equipment, supplies, and other facilities shall be in
consonance with Schedule IV of the BPT Ordinance.

MPT course - Mandatory additional clinical section/ equipment/ Lab requirement.

The detailed list is provided in the curriculum under each Specialty area and the same is a part of
this ordinance
(a) MPT – Musculo-skeletal Sciences
i. Affiliation with a hospital having Orthopedic department must be established if offering this
elective
ii. The center MUST have the equipment and facilities mentioned in the curriculum for this
specialty.

(b) MPT – Sports Sciences

i. Affiliation with a Sports facility must be established if offering this elective.
ii. A working MOU for utilizing the Lab facilities at the Affiliated Sports facility will be acceptable.
iii. The center MUST have the equipment and facilities mentioned in the curriculum for this
specialty.

(c) MPT – Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Sciences

i. Affiliation with a hospital having General Medicine, General Surgery, Pulmonary and Cardiac
department, Medical and surgical ICU, Burns and Plastic surgery department must be established if
offering this elective.
ii. The center MUST have the equipment and facilities mentioned in the curriculum for this
specialty.

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 (d) MPT – Peadiatrics
i. Affiliation with a hospital having Pediatric department with PICU and NICU and other centers as
specified under the specialty must be established if offering this elective
ii. An additional Paediatric Physiotherapy department must be established if offering this elective.
Paediatric Physiotherapy department may be established as an OPD unit of the college or the
affiliated hospital must have an established Paediatric Physiotherapy OPD.
iii. The center MUST have the equipment and facilities mentioned in the curriculum for this
specialty.

(e) MPT – Neurological Sciences

i. Affiliation with a hospital having Neurology department which includes Neuro – Medical and
Neuro – surgical units must be established if offering this elective.
ii. The center MUST have the equipment and facilities mentioned in the curriculum for this
specialty.

(f) MPT – Community Health

i. MOU with a nearby PHC and other centers as specified under the specialty must be established.
ii. Infrastructure for Community Physiotherapy outpatient setting in the community
iii. The center MUST have the equipment and facilities mentioned in the curriculum for this
specialty.

(g) MPT – Movement Science

i. In addition to the existing BPT labs the institution offering Movement Science Specialty must
establish an Advanced Biomechanics lab and Ergonomics lab.
ii. The center MUST have the equipment and facilities mentioned in the curriculum for this
specialty.

MONITORING PROCESS OF STUDENTS

(INTERNAL MONITORING)
It is essential to monitor the learning progress of each candidate through continuous appraisal and
regular assessment. It not only helps teachers to evaluate students, but also students to evaluate
themselves. The monitoring is done by the staff of the department based on participation of students in
various teaching / learning activities. It may be structured and assessment be done using checklists that
assess various aspects.

Model checklist are given in the table 1 to 7 (APPENDIX) which may be copied and used

Portfolio: Every candidate shall maintain a work diary and record his/her participation in the training
programmers conducted by the department such as journal reviews, seminars etc.

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 Special mention may be made of the presentations by the candidate as well as details of clinical of
laboratory procedures, if any conducted by the candidate. The work diary shall be scrutinized and
certified by the Head of the Department and Head of the Institution and presented in the university
examination.

Periodic tests: The College may conduct periodic tests. The test may include written theory papers,
practical, viva voce and clinical in the pattern of university examination. Records and marks obtained in
such tests will be maintained by the Head of Department and sent to the University, when called for.

DISSERTATION
Every candidate pursuing MPT degree course is required to carry out work on a selected research
Project under the guidance of a recognized postgraduate teacher. This may include qualitative research,
systematic review or empirical research.
The results of such a work shall be submitted in the form of dissertation.

The dissertation is aimed to train a graduate student in research methods and techniques. It includes
identification of a problem, formulation of a hypothesis search and review of literature getting
acquainted with recent advances, designing of a research study, collection of data, critical analysis, and
comparison of results and drawing conclusions.

Every candidate shall submit to the Registrar of university in the prescribed proforma a synopsis containing
particulars of proposed dissertation work shall be uploaded to the designated portal within 6 months from the
date of commencement of the course on or before the dates notified by the university. The hard copy of the
synopsis shall also be sent through the proper channel within the due date to the Registrar ( Academic),
RGUHS.
Such synopsis will be reviewed and the university will register the dissertation topic.
No change in the dissertation topic or guide shall be made without prior approval of the university.
Guide will be only a facilitator, advisor of the concept and hold responsible in correctly directing the
candidate in the methodology and not responsible for the outcome and results.

The written text of dissertation shall not be less than 50 pages and shall not exceed
200 pages excluding references, tables, questionnaires and other annexures. It should be neatly typed
in double line spacing on one side of paper (A4 size, 8.27” x 11.69” and bound properly. Spiral binding
should be avoided. The guide, head of the department and head of the institution shall certify the
dissertation.
The duration between synopsis submission and dissertation submission shall be two years. Late
submission of the soft and hard copy of the synopsis will lead to refixation of examination term.

Dissertation thus prepared shall be submitted to the Registrar (Evaluation) as per the format notified by
the University, three months before final examination on or before the dates notified by the
university.

The examiners appointed by the university shall valuate the dissertation. Approval of dissertation work
is an essential precondition for a candidate to appear in the university examination. The dissertation
shall be valued by the evaluator (Examiners) apart from the guide out of which one is external outside
the university and one internal from other college of the same university. Any one-evaluator acceptance
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 other than the guide will be considered as a precondition for eligibility to take the examination.

Dissertation once defended need not be defended at successive examination attempts.

SCHEDULE OF EXAMINATION
The University shall conduct examination for MPT course at the end of 2nd year. The Examinations shall
be known as MPT Final Examination. A student shall register for all the papers when he/she appears for
the first time.

If a student fails in theory and/or practical of MPT Final Examination, he/she has to reappear for all the
papers of examination in both theory and practical respectively.

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION

Component PAPER Written Practical Viva Total

Paper I 100 - - 100

Paper II 100 - - 100

Theory & Practical
Paper III 100 100 50 250

Paper IV 100 100 50 250

TOTAL 400 200 100 700

PAPER I IS COMMON FOR ALL THE SPECIALTIES

PARTICULARS OF THEORY QUESTION PAPERS AND DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS

A written examination consisting of 4 question papers each of three hours duration & each paper carrying 100
marks. Particulars of Theory question paper & distribution of marks are shown below

PAPER MARKS ALLOTED TOTAL

Paper I 10 Questions x 10 Marks each 100 Marks

Paper II 10 Questions x 10 Marks each 100 Marks

Paper III 10 Questions x 10 Marks each 100 Marks

Paper IV 10 Questions x 10 Marks each 100 Marks

PATTERN OF MODEL QUESTION PAPER FOR MPT EXAMINATION

MPT Theory: Maximum Marks: 100 (No choice) Duration: 3 Hours

Long Essay (10 Questions) – 10 x 10 = 100 Marks

MPT Practical / Clinical 150 Marks

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 Note: All cases for clinical examination should be on patients & not on model
Practical-I + Viva-voce = 1x100= 100 Marks Viva Voce = 50 Marks
Practical-II+ Viva Voce = 1x100= 100 Marks Viva Voce = 50 Marks

[Marks Entry: Practical/Clinical = 100 Marks Viva-voce = 50 Marks]

PARTICULARS OF PRACTICAL AND VIVA-VOCE

Clinical Examination will be aimed at examination of clinical skills and competence of the candidates for
undertaking independent work as a specialist.

PRACTICAL / VIVA-VOCE DESCRIPTION MARKS ALLOTED

Long case from Specialty area to assess investigative,

Practical I 100
diagnostic skills and patient management skills

Viva-voce 5 Spotters and viva from the specialty area 50

Major Elective long case aimed at examining clinical

Practical II skills and competency of the candidate for undertaking 100
independent work as specialist

Viva-voce Viva on dissertation/ Specialty. 50

PARTICULARS OF VIVA VOCE

Viva- Voce examination shall aim at assessing depth of knowledge, logical reasoning, confidence & oral
communication skills and spotters. Special emphasis shall be given to dissertation work during the MPT Part
examination. The marks of Viva-Voce examination shall be included in the clinical examination to calculate the
percentage and declaration of results.

EXAMINERS
Practical – I - There shall be 2 examiners. One of them shall be external outside the zone from the same specialty
and the other shall be internal from the same specialty from the same college.

Practical II - There shall be 2 examiners. One of them shall be external outside the University from the same
specialty and the other will be guide assigned to the student from the same college.

CRITERIA FOR DECLARING PASS IN THE UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION

A candidate shall be declared pass if he / she secures a 50% of marks in theory aggregate and secures a 50% of
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 marks in Practical / Clinical and Viva-Voce aggregate.

DECLARATION OF CLASS
First class with distinction – 75% & above in aggregate provided the candidate passes the examination in 1st
attempt. First class – 60% & above in aggregate provided the candidate pass the examination in 1st attempt.
Pass – 50% of maximum marks in theory aggregate and 50% of maximum marks in clinical and Viva-Voce
aggregate.

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DESCRIPTIVE COURSE CONTENT

Paper I
Fundamentals in Physiotherapy Practice, Pedagogy and Research

1. Principles of Physiotherapy Practice

a. Definition of Physiotherapy, Scope of Practice

b. General and Professional competencies
c. Physiotherapy Knowledge, Skill and Education Framework
d. Principles of Evidence Based Practice in Physiotherapy
a. History taking, assessment tests, Patient Communication, documentation of
findings, treatment planning and organization.
b. Documentation of rehabilitation assessment and management using
International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF).
c. Use of Standardized scales and tests in various assessments. Psychometric
properties and its Interpretation in Physiotherapy practice.

2. Core Professional Values in Physiotherapy including Professional and Research Ethics

a. Introduction to World Physiotherapy Standards of Physical Therapy Practice

Guideline
b. Core Professional Values across Different Countries and Regions
c. ICMR Ethical Guidelines
d. Ethical issues in practice of physiotherapy.

3. Research Methodology and Biostatistics

a. Designing Clinical Research: Basic Ingredients

i. Getting Started: The Anatomy and Physiology of Clinical Research

ii. Fundamentals of Literature Search and Review
iii. Conceiving the Research Question and Developing the Study Plan
iv. Choosing the Study Subjects: Specification, Sampling, and
Recruitment
v. Planning the Measurements: Precision, Accuracy, and Validity
vi. Hypotheses and Underlying Principles to Estimating Sample Size
and Power

b.Designing Clinical Research: Study Designs

i. Designing Cross-Sectional, Case–Control and Cohort Studies

ii. Enhancing Causal Inference in Observational Studies
iii. Designing a Randomized Blinded Trial, Alternative Clinical Trial
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 Designs and their Implementation Issues
iv. Designing Studies of Diagnostic Tests
v. Research Using Existing Data
vi. Fundamentals of Qualitative Research Methods
vii. Fundamentals of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis
viii. Designing a systematic review protocol

c. Implementation of Clinical Research

i. Designing Questionnaires, Interviews, and Online Surveys

ii. Implementing the Study and Quality Control
iii. Data Management
iv. Designing qualitative studies

d.Biostatistics

i. Basic Fundamentals of Biostatistics

ii. Probability and Normal Distribution
iii. Descriptive Statistics: Measures of Central Tendency and Spread
iv. Hypothesis Testing: One-Sample Inference, Two-Sample Inference,
Multi-sample Inference,
v. Hypothesis Testing: Nonparametric Methods, Categorical Data
vi. Regression, Correlation Methods and Diagnostic Tests
vii. Data synthesis in qualitative design

e. Consuming and Disseminating Research

i. Strategies for following Emerging Evidence, Clinical Practice

Guidelines and Clinical pathways
ii. Best Practices in Research Dissemination
iii. Writing a Manuscript for Publication
4. Exercise Physiology

a. Fundamentals of Human Energy Transfer

b. Source of Nutrition and Energy, Macro and Micro Nutrients, Food Energy and
Optimum Nutrition for Exercise
c. Energy Expenditure During Rest and Physical Activity
d. Measuring and Evaluating Human Energy-Generating Capacities During Rest
and Exercise
e. Responses and Adaptations of Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Neuromuscular,
Musculoskeletal, Endocrine System to Different Types of Exercise and
Training
f. Body Composition, Its Evaluation, Obesity and Weight Control
g. Training the Anaerobic and Aerobic Energy Systems
h. Training Muscles to Become Stronger
i. Factors Affecting Physiological Function: The Environment and Special Aids to
Performance
j. Influence of Age and Gender in Exercise and Training.

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5. Electrophysiology

a. Anatomy and physiology of peripheral nerve, muscle and neuromuscular

junction.
b. Electrical properties of muscle and nerve.
c. Instrumentation for neuromuscular electrical stimulation.
d. Muscles plasticity in response to electrical stimulation.
e. Electrical stimulation and its effects on various systems.

6. Pedagogy in Physiotherapy Education

a. Competency Based Education in Physiotherapy

b. Basics of Adult Learning Theories including Learning Styles and Motivation
c. Formulating Intended Learning Outcomes Including Tyler’s principles,
Bloom's Taxonomy, Miller's Pyramid, Clinical Competence, and Dreyfus'
Model of Skill Acquisition
d. Instructional Design and Individual Assessment such as Multiple-choice
Question Writing, Skill assessment, Oral Presentation, and Rubrics and
Standardization
e. Instructional Techniques: Knowledge Transfer
f. Instructional Techniques: Skill Development
g. Instructional Techniques: Attitudes
h. Instructional Techniques: Teaching with Technology
i. Academic Planning and Organisation

7. Management, Entrepreneurship and Leadership in Physiotherapy Practice

a. Introduction to Management in Physiotherapy: Definition, Principles,

Functions and Evolution of Management Thought
b. Management Process: Planning, Organizing, Directing, Controlling. Decision
making.
c. Responsibilities of the Physiotherapy Manager: Staffing Responsibilities;
Responsibility for Patient Care; Fiscal Responsibilities; Responsibility for Risk
Management; Legal and Ethical Responsibilities; Communication
Responsibilities
d. Entrepreneurship in Physiotherapy Practice: Need, Advantages and
Opportunities, Challenges and Barriers
e. Leadership: Need, Relevance, Competencies and Characteristics

References

1. World Physiotherapy (2019) Description of Physical Therapy: Policy Statement.

Available from https://world.physio/sites/default/files/2020-07/PS-2019-
Description-of-physical-therapy.pdf
2. World Physiotherapy (2011) Physical Therapist Professional Entry Level
Education Guideline. (Available from:
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 https://world.physio/sites/default/files/2020-07/G-2011-Entry-level-
education.pdf)
3. CSP (2011) Physiotherapy Framework: Putting physiotherapy Behaviours,
Values, Knowledge & Skills into Practice [updated May 2020](Available from:
https://www.csp.org.uk/professional-clinical/cpd-education/professional-
development/professional-frameworks)
4. Expected Minimum Competencies for an Entry Level Physiotherapist in the
Europe Region World Physiotherapy Guidance Document (Available from:
https://www.erwcpt.eu/education/expected_minimum_competencies_for_en
try_level)
5. Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach EBM, 2nd Edition: By
David L. Sackett, Sharon E. Straus, W. Scott Richardson, William Rosenberg,
and R. Brian Haynes, Churchill Livingstone, 2000
6. Rob Herbert, Gro Jamtvedt, Kåre Birger Hagen, Judy Mead. Practical Evidence-
Based Physiotherapy (Second Edition), Churchill Livingstone,
7. 2011, ISBN 9780702042706,
8. World Physiotherapy (2011) Standards of Physical Therapy Practice
Guideline(Available from: https://world.physio/sites/default/files/2020-06/G-
2011-Standards-practice.pdf)
9. 2017 ICMR National Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical and Health Research
involving Human Participant
10. 2020 ICMR Policy on Research Integrity and Publication Ethics (RIPE)
11. Designing Clinical Research 4th Edition. Stephen B. Hulley et al. Published By:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN-13: 9781469840543
12. Medical Biostatistics (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series). 4th Edition
2017. Abhaya Indrayan, Rajeev Kumar Malhotra. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN
9781498799539
13. Exercise Physiology Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance. 8th Edition.
William D. McArdle PhD, Frank I. Katch , Victor L. Katch. Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins. ISBN/ISSN: 9781451191554
14. Principles of Medical Education. 4th Edition. Tejinder Singh, Piyush Gupta, Daljit
Singh. 2013. Jaypee Publishers.
15. Management in Physical Therapy Practices, 2nd Edition. Catherine G. Page PT,
MPH, PhD. ISBN-13: 978-0-8036-4033-7
16. Heather A. Current thinking on Leadership and Physiotherapy Practice. 2016.
Report Prepared for AGILE Professional Network of the Chartered Society of
Physiotherapy (Available from:
https://agile.csp.org.uk/system/files/current_leadership_thinking_and_physiot
herapy_practice.pdf)

19
Master of Physiotherapy Musculo-skeletal Sciences MPT-
MSK

OBJECTIVES

On Completion of the course, the post graduate will be able to

1. Exercise professional autonomy based on sound knowledge, skills and discipline at par with
global standards in the Musculoskeletal Specialty area
2. Practice within the professional code of ethics and conduct, and the standards of practice within
legal boundaries.
3. Identify, analyze musculoskeletal dysfunction within the boundaries of physiotherapy practice
and arrive at an appropriate hypothesis based on sound clinical reasoning
4. Work with integrity and autonomy in an interdisciplinary team
5. Involve in undergraduate and post graduate teaching with competence
6. Conduct research activities and utilize findings for professional development and lifelong
learning

SCOPE OF PRACTICE

A musculoskeletal specialist physiotherapist will be competent to evaluate, assess and arrive at

reasoning-based hypothesis in patients with musculoskeletal dysfunction, trauma or disease.
Musculoskeletal Physiotherapists work based on the ICF framework to develop, maintain, restore and
optimize health and function. They will be competent to use current evidence to treat and manage
musculoskeletal deficits or dysfunctions in children, adults and elders. They will be competent to act as a
team leader of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team and contribute to interdisciplinary care planning
and implementation of musculoskeletal rehabilitation methods. They will be competent to take up
academic and research positions in their area of expertise. They will be competent to be autonomous
clinical practitioners.

20
 PAPER II
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PHYSIOTHERAPY
1. Basic Concepts of Musculoskeletal System:

a. Anatomy and Physiology of Musculoskeletal system.

b. The Skeletal System
c. The Articular System
d. The Neuro-muscular System

2. Basic Concepts of Anthropometry:

a. Definition of Anthropometry
b. Tools for Measurement
c. Body Size
d. Determination of Body Shape
e. Tissues Composing the Body
f. Human Variation
g. Methods in Body composition analysis

3. Basic Concepts of Biomechanics:

a. Kinetics, Kinematics, space and time

b. Force, Vectors, Motion
c. Degrees of freedom, Moment of force, Equilibrium
d. Concept of Energetics (Energy/Power/Efficiency of movement/ metabolic energy consumption)

4. Biomechanics of movement across Life Span:

a. Growth and development of the musculoskeletal system

b. maturation of mobility and gait
c. Biomechanics of Gait
d. Gait development in Children
e. Gait changes in older adults
f. Biomechanics and aging

5. Physiological Basis of Human Movement:

a. Basic concepts of Exercise metabolism
b. Measurement of Exercise capacity
c. Oxygen supply during exercise
d. Energy cost of activity
e. Applications of Exercise Physiology and adaptations to different systems.
f. Physiology of Movement and its application in musculoskeletal disease, Injury and Dysfunction.
21
6. Mechanics and Pathomechanics of Joints:
a. Upper Extremity Joints
b. Lower Extremity Joints
c. Spinal Joints
d. Temporomandibular Joint
e. Skeletal tissue
f. Soft tissues

7. Posture:

a. Normal and Abnormal Posture

b. Control of Posture
c. Analysis of Posture
d. Postural Deformities

8. Gait and function:

a. Gait cycle
b. Biomechanical analysis of Gait
c. Normal and Pathological Gaits.
d. Energy Expenditure and Gait
e. Kinetic and Kinematic analysis of Various functional activities

9. Pain:
a. Definition, Pain pathways, Physiology and Pathophysiology of Pain
b. Acute Pain & Chronic Pain
c. Assessment of Pain in different populations
d. Theories and Models of Pain
e. Specific Pain states and Syndromes
f. Tools for assessment of Pain
g. Evidence based advances in Pain assessment.

10. Electro Physics:

a. Basic concepts of Electrotherapy
b. Alterations in skeletal muscle performance
c. Soft tissue repair and healing
d. Biophysical effects of heat and cold
e. Clinical decision making in selecting Electro modalities.
f. Alternative modalities for pain and Tissue healing

PAPER III
PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

1. a. Introduction to assessment
b. Basic assessment methods
c. Physical assessment as a screening tool
22
2. a. Screening the Head, Neck, and Back,
b. Screening the Shoulder and Upper Extremity,
c. Screening the Sacrum, Sacroiliac, and Pelvis,
d. Screening the Lower Quadrant: Buttock, Hip, Groin, Thigh, and Leg,
e. Screening the Chest and Ribs,

3. a. Direct access and self-referral

b. Primary care
c. Autonomous Practice
d. Decision making Process

4. a. Physiotherapy diagnosis in Musculoskeletal system

b. Special tests used in Musculoskeletal examination
c. Medical screening for potential referred pain – Red flags
d. Investigation methods/Diagnostic Imaging used in musculoskeletal disease, injury and
Dysfunction
e. Electrophysiological testing/Electro diagnosis in musculoskeletal disease, injury and
Dysfunction
f. Exercise testing in musculoskeletal disease, injury and Dysfunction

5. a. Assessment of fractures, includes (Pre-operative and post-operative assessments)

b. Prescription of orthotic devices/splints in musculoskeletal disease, injury and Dysfunction
c. Assessment of Hand Injuries, Soft tissue repairs.
d. Assessment of Amputations.
e. Assessment of Degenerative Conditions and orthopedic diseases
f. Assessment methods in pediatric orthopedic disorders

6. a. Functional Assessment
b. Functional Assessment scales used in Trauma and Musculoskeletal dysfunction
c. Critical decision making in selection of outcome measures used in Trauma and
Musculoskeletal dysfunction
d. Ergonomics Risk assessment in Musculoskeletal disorders
e. Use of ICF in Musculoskeletal diagnosis

PAPER IV
PHYSIOTHERAPY INTERVENTIONS IN MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

1. Interventions for Physiologic Impairments during Rehabilitation

a. Impaired Muscle Performance
b. Impaired Endurance
c. Impaired Mobility
d. Impaired Neuromuscular control
23
 2. Management of Pain
a. Pharmacological management of Pain (Opioids, Non – Opioids, Adjuvants, Analgesics and Local
anesthetics)
b. Electrotherapy in managing pain
c. Educational and behavioral strategies in managing pain.
d. Adjuvant therapies in managing pain

3. Methods of Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

a. Biomechanical concepts
b. Functional concepts
c. Postural stability and Balance
d. Core stability in Rehabilitation
e. Functional Training & Physical activity promotion
f. Education and behavioral methods

4. Advanced techniques in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

a. Manual Therapy and myofascial concepts and methods (Different schools of Thought)
b. Neurological Concepts and functional methods in musculoskeletal dysfunctions
c. External applications
d. Cognitive behavioral methods
e. Adjuvant methods

5. Electro modalities in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation

a. Physical agents in Rehabilitation
b. Electric currents for Tissue healing
c. Evidence based electrotherapy management in Musculoskeletal disorders
d. Electromagnetic agents in Rehabilitation
e. Alternative modalities for Tissue healing

6. Ergonomics
a. Ergonomic Interventions for Work related Musculoskeletal disorders
b. Work hardening and conditioning
c. Role of Assistive devices in Work Place
d. Current designs in Assistive technology

REFERENCES

BOOKS

1. Nordin M, Frankel VH, editors. Basic biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins; 2001.
2. Levangie PK, Norkin CC. Joint structure and function: a comprehensive analysis, 2011.
3. Lehmkuhl LD, Smith LK. Brunnstrom's clinical kinesiology. Davis; 1984.
4. Magee DJ. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2014.
5. Donatelli RA, Wooden MJ. Orthopaedic Physical Therapy. Elsevier health sciences; 2009.
6. Reese NB, Bandy WD. Joint range of motion and muscle length testing. Elsevier Health Sciences;
24
 2016.
7. Hislop H, Avers D, Brown M. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing: Techniques of manual
examination and performance testing. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013.
8. McKinnis LN. Fundamentals of musculoskeletal imaging. FA Davis; 2013.
9. Greenspan A, Beltran J. Orthopaedic Imaging: A practical approach. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;
2020.
10. O’Sullivan SB, Schmitz TJ. Physical rehabilitation, vol. 5. Philadelphia: FA Davis Company. 2006.
11. McCarty DJ, Koopman WJ. Arthritis and allied conditions: a textbook of rheumatology. Philadelphia:
Lea & Febiger; 1993.
12. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's resource manual for guidelines for exercise testing
and prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012.
13. Maxey L, Magnusson J. Rehabilitation for the postsurgical orthopedic patient. Elsevier Health
Sciences; 2013.
14. Wilk KE. Clinical orthopaedic rehabilitation. Brotzman SB, Daugherty K, editors. Philadelphia: Mosby;
2003 Jan.
15. Hertling D, Kessler RM. Management of common musculoskeletal disorders: physical therapy
principles and methods. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006.
16. Hoppenfeld S, Murthy VL, editors. Treatment and rehabilitation of fractures. Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins; 2000.
17. Kimura J. Electrodiagnosis in diseases of nerve and muscle. Principles and practice. 1984.
18. Chui KC, Jorge M, Yen SC, Lusardi MM. Orthotics and Prosthetics in Rehabilitation. Elsevier Health
Sciences; 2019.
19. Ratliffe KT, editor. Clinical pediatric physical therapy: A guide for the physical therapy team. Mosby
Incorporated; 1998.
20. Saunders R, Astifidis R, Burke SL, CHT M, Higgins J, McClinton MA. Hand and upper extremity
rehabilitation: a practical guide. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015.
21. Cooper C. Fundamentals of Hand Therapy: Clinical Reasoning and Treatment Guidelines for Common
Diagnoses of the Upper Extremity. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2014.
22. Burns YR, MacDonald J. Cyriax's Illustrated Manual of Orthopaedic Medicine. South African Journal
of Physiotherapy. 1998 Feb 28; 54(1):22.
23. Cyriax JH, Cyriax P. Cyriax's illustrated manual of orthopaedic medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences;
1996.
24. McKenzie R, May S. The lumbar spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy. Orthopedic Physical
Therapy; 2003.
25. McKenzie R. The cervical and thoracic spine: mechanical diagnosis and therapy. Orthopedic Physical
Therapy; 1990.
26. Butler DS, Jones MA. Mobilisation of the nervous system. Elsevier health sciences; 1991.
27. Shacklock M. Clinical neurodynamics: a new system of neuromusculoskeletal treatment. Elsevier
Health Sciences; 2005.
28. Mulligan B. Manual Therapy “NAGS”,“SNAGS”,“MWMS”: 5thedn. Wellington, Newzealand: Plane
view service. 2004.
29. Jones LH, Kusunose R, Goering E. Jones Strain-Counterstrain. Jones Strain-Counterstrain. Inc., Idaho.
1995.
30. Cantu RI, Grodin AJ. Myofascial manipulation: theory and clinical application. Aspen Pub; 2001.
31. Travell JG, Simons DG. Myofascial pain and dysfunction: the trigger point manual. Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins; 1983.
32. Spoerl JJ, Mottice M, Benner EK. Soft Tissue Mobilization Techniques. JEMD Publications; 1994.
33. Chaitow L, Crenshaw K. Muscle energy techniques. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2006.
34. Banks K, Newton M. Maitland's peripheral manipulation. Elsevier; 2014.
25
 35. Maitland GD, Hengeveld E, Banks K, English K. Maitland's vertebral manipulation: Elsevier
Butterworth; 2005.
36. Kaltenborn FM. The spine. Basic evaluation and mobilization techniques. Olaf Norlis Bokhandel.
1993.
37. Kaltenborn FM, Evjenth O, Kaltenborn TB, Morgan D, Vollowitz E. Manual mobilization of the joints,
vol. II: the spine. Oslo: Norlis. 2003.
38. Twomey LT. Grieve's modern manual therapy. Boyling JD, Jull GA, editors. London: Churchill
Livingstone; 2004.
39. Macdonald R, editor. Taping techniques: principles and practice. Butterworth-Heinemann Medical;
2004.
Hewetson TJ, Austin K, Gwynn-Brett K, Marshall S. An illustrated guide to taping techniques: Principles
and practice. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009.
40. Gatterman MI. Foundations of chiropractic: subluxation. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2005 Mar 15.
41. Haldeman S. Principles and practice of chiropractic. McGraw-Hill Medical; 2004 Sep 24.
42. Ward RC, Jerome JA. Foundations of Osteopathic Medicine. 1997. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore,
MD.
43. DiGiovanna EL, Schiowitz S, Dowling DJ, editors. An osteopathic approach to diagnosis and
treatment. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.

JOURNALS

1. Journal of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy

2. Journal of Physiotherapy-Official Journal of the Australian Physiotherapy Association
3. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
4. Physiotherapy.
5. Physical Therapy by APTA.
6. International Journal of Physiotherapy.
7. Physiotherapy Practice.
8. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice.
9. International Biomechanics
10. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
11. Chiropractic and Manual Therapies
12. Journal of Hand Therapy
13. Musculoskeletal Care
14. Strength and Conditioning Journal
15. Shoulder and Elbow
16. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation
17. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy
18. Manual Therapy.
19. Journal of Manual Medicine
20. Journal of Orthopedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation.
21. Gait and Posture
22. Physiotherapy - The Journal of Indian Association of Physiotherapists.

FACULTY & INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

1. Minimum Faculty Position for MPT- MSK program

a. Professor/ Associate Professor – ONE
b. Assistant Professor – ONE
26
 c. Faculty must be recognized from the area of Musculoskeletal specialty
d. Faculty position is inclusive from the minimum faculty position for BPT program

2. Minimum Infrastructure requirement

a. Affiliation with a hospital having Orthopedic department must be established if

offering this elective

b. The center MUST have ALL the equipment and facilities mentioned under the METHODS
OF TRAINING in this ordinance for this specialty in consonance with Schedule IV of the BPT
Ordinance.

27
 Master of Physiotherapy Sports Sciences MPT-Sports

OBJECTIVES

On Completion of the course, the post graduate will be able to

1. Exercise professional autonomy based on sound knowledge, skills and discipline at par with
global standards in sports injury, prevention, management and rehabilitation.
2. Practice within the professional code of ethics and conduct, and the standards of practice
within legal boundaries.
3. Identify and analyze sports specific risk, dysfunction and injury within the boundaries of
physiotherapy practice and arrive at an appropriate hypothesis based on sound clinical
reasoning on the field and in an institution
4. Work with integrity and autonomy with an interdisciplinary sports team
5. Involve with competence in academic sports specific areas
6. Conduct research activities and utilize findings for professional development and lifelong
learning

SCOPE OF PRACTICE

A Sports Science Specialist physiotherapist will be competent to evaluate assess and arrive at
reasoning-based hypothesis in individuals engaged in various sporting activities. Sports
Physiotherapists work based on the ICF framework to develop, maintain, restore and optimize,
function and performance. They will be competent to use current evidence to identify risks, plan and
implement preventive strategies, evaluate and assess an acute injury, manage them effectively on
field and undertake rehabilitation program specific to individual sports. They will be competent to
use current evidence to evaluate, identify and manage sports specific deficits, dysfunctions and
injuries in children, adults, elderly and differently abled. They will be competent to act as a team
leader of a multidisciplinary sports rehabilitation team and contribute to interdisciplinary care
planning and implementation of sports related programs. They will be capable to take up academic
and research positions in their area of expertise and competent to be autonomous sports
physiotherapy practitioners.

PAPER II
BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES FOR SPORTS PHYSIOTHERAPY

1. Applied and Functional Anatomy

a. Growth & maturation of systems involved in performance.
b. Human movement control

28
2. Applied Physiology
a. Cardio-Vascular system and Respiratory system
b. Endocrine system
c. Musculoskeletal system – Normal Physiology and Pathophysiology of muscle, tendon and
ligament injuries.
d. Neurophysiology of balance, coordination and reaction.
e. Bio-Energetics / Energy transfer
f. Exercise and sports Physiology

3. Applied biomechanics and patho-mechanics of bones, joints & soft tissues.

4. Principles of Biomechanics and kinesiology for sports.

5. Principles of motor learning and control.

6. Pain neuroscience education

7. Sports psychology:
a. Psychological aspects of sport injury
b. Athletes reaction to injury-athletes response to injury
c. Psychological aspects of Pain, Anxiety, Stress, Motivation
d. Psychological aspects of exercise.
e. Pre-competitive anxiety, aggression in sports, eating disorders,
f. Psychological training techniques
g. Psychological aspect of doping
h. Psychological preparation of elite athletes
i. Neurophysiology of Emotion

8. Sports Nutrition:
a. Well–balanced diet,
b. Pre-event nutrition,
c. Increasing and decreasing weight in wrestlers,
d. Carbohydrate – loading diet,
e. Sugar before and after competition

9. Sports pharmacology

10. Anti-doping:
a. (NADA,WADA)
b. Promotion of fair play.

11. Role of a Sports physiotherapist as an administrator and team collaborator

12. Principles of Training and exercise conditioning

13. Thermoregulation

14. Altitude, body fluids

29
 15. Body composition

16. Medical conditions:

a. Diabetes
b. HT
c. COPD
d. NCDs

17. Ergogenic aids

PAPER III

SPORTS ASSESSMENT, INJURY EVALUATION (SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY) AND EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY

1. Assessment & Evaluation:

a. Methods of evaluation: Interview, Clinical Examination,
b. Reliability & Validity of the tests,
c. Investigative Procedures,
d. Field Tests and Laboratory tests
e. Evaluation of motor skills (fundamental and sports specific skills)

2. Clinical Bio-psychosocial approach to sports injury evaluation.

3. Evaluation of Physical Fitness: Health and skill related fitness tests.

4. Functional assessment.

5. Musculoskeletal screening

6. Investigation methods/Diagnostic Imaging used

7. On and Off-field assessment, pre-participation evaluation.

8. Sports specific assessment of lower limb complex:

9. Sports specific assessment of upper limb complex:

10. Sports specific assessment of spinal column

11. Sports specific assessment of Gait deviations

30
12. Criteria for return to sports

13. Advanced evaluation methods:

a. Isokinetic, Myometers, Force plates & 3D analysis

b. Sports movement analysis
c. Fatigue assessment: lactate analyser
d. Kinesiological EMG
e. Kinanthropometric evaluation

PAPER IV
SPORTS INJURIES, PREVENTION, MANAGEMENT AND REHABILITATION

1. Principles of Prevention of Sports Injuries:

a. Protective devices
b. Technique
c. Play area and play surface
d. Shoes

2. Common sports injuries, mechanisms (causation), prevention and management:

a. Soft tissue:
i. Ligament
ii. Muscle
iii. Tendon
b. Hard tissue:
i. Bone
ii. Articular cartilage

3. Sports emergency and first aid management.

4. Sports specific Injuries in different sports categories

a. Individual Sports
b. Partner Sports
c. Team Sports
d. Extreme Sports

5. Advanced Physiotherapy Intervention Techniques used in the Management of Sports Specific

Injuries: Techniques

6. Sports injury prevention and management for special population:

i. Children
ii. Women
iii. Elderly
iv. Differently abled
31
7.
Guidelines and protocols for Return to sports following injury, conservative and surgical
management

8. SPECIAL TOPICS

a. Medico legal issues in sports

b. Fitness and exercise prescription for special population and differently abled

c. Effects of exercise on various hormones in the body.

d. Exercise and Menstrual cycle.

e. Female athlete triad

f. Exercises for mood enhancement and anxiety.

g. Sports and fitness in pediatrics.

h. CPR and shock management during off and on field.

i. Sports specific fitness training

j. Ergonomics for sport

k. Fitness programming for healthy adults and special population

REFERENCES

Recommended Books

1. Essentials of Exercise Physiology, Frank Katch, Vic Katch, and William D McArdle
2. Exercise Physiology, William D McArdle
3. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription
4. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Jonathan Ehrman , Paul Gordon, Paul Visich, Steven Keteyian
5. Gaits analysis – Perry J., Black Thorofare, New Jersey, 1992
6. Kinesiology of the human body, Steindler
7. Kinesiology: The Mechanics and Pathomechanics of Human Movement, Carol A. Oatis
8. Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System: Foundations for Rehabilitation 2nd Editionby
Donald A. Neumann
9. MusculoskeletalExamination, Jeffrey M. Gross
10. Clinical Reasoning in Musculoskeletal Practice, Darren A. Rivett and Mark A. Jones
11. Clinical Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Brotzman SB, Wilk KE 2003
12. Clinical Sports Medicine Brukner P, Khan K 2002
13. Sports Physiotherapy, Maria Zuluaga, Christopher Briggs, John Carlisle.
32
 14. Sports Injury Assessment and Management, David C Reid.
15. Sports injuries diagnosis and management , Christopher N. Norris:
16. Orthopedic and sports physical therapy, Terry R.Macone Mosby
17. Sports injuries prevention and their treatment, Lass Peterson
18. Proprioception and neuromuscular control in joint stability LEPHARTS COTTM. Fu Freddie H.
- human kinetics
19. Orthopaedic taping,wrapping, bracing &padding - BEAM JOEL W. JAYPEE
20. Taping techniques principles and practice - MACDONALD ROSE - BUTTERWORT H
HEINEMANN
21. Rehabilitation techniques for sports medicine and athletic training - Willian E Prentice
22. Mobilization of the extremity joints – Kaltenbore, Harper and Row, Philadelphia.
23. Orthopaedic physical therapy- Donatteli, London Churchill Livingstone, 1994.

24. Sports and physical therapy – Bernhardt Donna, Churchill, Livingstone

25. Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, DeleeDrez Miller, 3rd edition: 2009, Saunders Elsevier
26. Post-surgical orthopedic sports rehabilitation knee and shoulder , Robert C. Sports medicine
problem and practical management, Eugene sherry

RECOMMENDED JOURNALS

1. American Journal of Sports Medicine

2. BMJ Open Sport and Exercise MedicineOpen Access
3. British Journal of Sports Medicine
4. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
5. Clinics in Sports Medicine
6. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews
7. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport
8. International Journal of Sports Medicine
9. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
10. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation
11. Journal of Exercise Science and FitnessOpen Access
12. Journal of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy
13. Journal of Sport Management
14. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation
15. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
16. Journal of Sports Sciences
17. Physical Therapy in Sport
18. Physiotherapy
19. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology
20. Sports Biomechanics
21. Sports Health
22. Sports Medicine - OpenOpen Access
23. Strength and Conditioning Journal

FACULTY & INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

1. Minimum Faculty Position for MPT- Sports program
a. Professor/ Associate Professor – ONE
33
 b. Assistant Professor – ONE
c. Faculty must be recognized from the area of Musculoskeletal / Sports specialty
d. Faculty position is inclusive from the minimum faculty position for BPT program

2. Minimum Infrastructure requirement

a. Affiliation with a hospital having Orthopedic and Sports department must be

established if offering this elective

b. The center MUST have ALL the equipment and facilities mentioned under the METHODS
OF TRAINING in this ordinance for this specialty in consonance with Schedule IV of the BPT
Ordinance.

c. In addition to the existing labs for BPT, the institution must have an established Sports lab
(minimum 1200 sqft) and a full body biomechanics lab (minimum 1400 sqft) with fitness
assessment equipments and equipments for biomechanical analysis and lab facilities for
analysis of blood gas, blood lactate and biomarkers and VO2 max

Or

d. A working MOU with a recognized sports organization facility which is at par with the
Central/ State Sports Authority

34
 Master of Physiotherapy Cardio-vascular and Pulmonary
Science MPT-CVP
OBJECTIVES

On Completion of the course, the post graduate will be able to

1. Exercise professional autonomy based on sound knowledge, skills and discipline at par with
global standards in prevention, management and rehabilitation of subjects with general
medical, surgical, cardiovascular, pulmonary conditions
2. Practice within the professional code of ethics and conduct, and the standards of practice
within legal boundaries.
3. Identify and analyze specific risks and dysfunction related to general medical, surgical,
cardiovascular, pulmonary conditions within the boundaries of physiotherapy practice and
arrive at an appropriate hypothesis based on sound clinical reasoning
4. Work with integrity and autonomy in an interdisciplinary team
5. Involve in undergraduate and postgraduate teaching with competence
6. Conduct research activities and utilize findings for professional development and lifelong
learning

SCOPE OF PRACTICE

A Cardiovascular & Pulmonary specialist physiotherapist will be competent to evaluate, assess and
arrive at reasoning-based hypothesis in patients with general medical, surgical, cardiovascular and
pulmonary trauma or disease. Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Physiotherapists work based on the ICF
framework to develop, maintain, restore and optimize health and function. They will be competent to
use current evidence to treat and manage medical, surgical, cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunctions
in children, adults and elders. They will be competent to act as a team leader of a multidisciplinary
rehabilitation team and contribute to interdisciplinary care planning and implementation of
cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation methods. They will be competent to take up academic and
research positions in their area of expertise. They will be competent to be autonomous clinical
practitioners.

PAPER II
BASICS OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SCIENCES

1. Applied Anatomy, Physiology, and Biomechanics of Respiratory System

a. Applied Anatomy, developmental anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system in

35
 health and its application in various respiratory dysfunctions across lifespan.
b. Regulation of respiration
c. Biomechanics of respiration
d. Bronchial circulation.
e. Pathomechanics in respiratory dysfunction and thorax throughout lifespan.
f. Effect of Body positioning on pulmonary functions.
g. Pathology, Pathophysiology of various acute and chronic diseases affecting the respiratory
systems.

2. Applied Anatomy and Physiology of Cardiovascular System

a. Applied Anatomy, developmental anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular dysfunction
across lifespan
b. Effect of Body positioning on Cardiovascular system
c. Cardiovascular Control Mechanism
d. Pathology, Pathophysiology of various acute and chronic diseases affecting the cardio
vascular systems.

3. Applied Anatomy and Physiology of Integumentary System

a. Applied Anatomy,
b. Developmental anatomy,
c. Physiology of Integumentary system

4. Exercise Physiology
a. Optimal nutrition for exercise and essentials of good nutrition in health and disease.
b. Body composition determination and impact of body composition on resting metabolic rate
and sub maximal exercise oxygen consumption
c. Physiology of Energy transfer in body during exercise.
d. Energy expenditure at rest, physical activity and disease.
e. Energy consumption and MET value of various physical activity and exercise.
f. Physiological variations, responses and adaptations (age/gender) of cardiovascular and
respiratory system to different types of exercise and training.
g. Environmental influence on exercise performance including impact of pollution on
exercise training

5. Pain
a. Definition and types of pain.
b. Physiology of pain and modulation of pain (acute and chronic)

6. Health Promotion & Fitness

a. Principles and concepts of training in fitness and wellness.
b. Application of training with principles of weight control.
c. Aerobic metabolism and responses during exercise
d. Anaerobic metabolism and responses during exercise

7. Exercise Physiology in Health and Disease across lifespan

a. Exercise physiology and exercise intolerance in cardiopulmonary, vascular and

36
 metabolic disease.
b. Biochemical primers in exercise and exercise intolerance and Genetics and metabolomics
on exercise and exercise intolerance.
c. Exercise intolerance in health (across lifespan) and various non-communicable diseases

PAPER III
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT AND FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SCIENCES

1. Assessment, Monitoring and Outcome measures in Critical Care Rehabilitation

a) Evaluation in the critically ill patient

b) Weaning Criteria
c) Documentation
d) ICU Equipment & Monitoring
e) Critical care complications
f) Outcome measures used in critical care

2. Critical care investigations and its implications for physiotherapy

a) Investigations like ECG, Arterial blood gas, Electrolytes, Biochemical markers,

b) Hematological and biochemical values and interpretations
c) Chest radiographs, ultrasonography and echocardiography
d) Early intervention priorities based on physical examination and investigations

3. Respiratory System

a. Physical examination of Respiratory system

b. Pulmonary function Test (PFT)
c. ABG, Echo, Radiology (X-ray and CT scan & MRI)
d. Evaluation of Respiratory muscle strength & endurance in chronic respiratory disorders.
e. POMR – problem oriented medical records and documentation methods
f. Outcome measures used in Respiratory disorders.
4. Cardiovascular System
a. Physical examination of Cardiac System
b. Clinical evaluations – Auscultation, ECG, Holter Monitoring, Echo, Doppler, X ray,
/Angiogram/IABP, ECMO
c. POMR – problem oriented medical records and documentation methods
d. Outcome measures used in Cardiac dysfunction.
e. Cardiopulmonary and metabolic system – Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) /Stress
testing in various cardiovascular disorders.

5. ANS Dysfunction and Testing

6. Assessment of Renal Dysfunction

7. Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation (OPD Setting)

37
 a. Health related fitness assessment (endurance, strength, flexibility and body composition)
through various methods in various cardiovascular and pulmonary disease
b. Risk Stratification
c. Exercise Tolerance Test- (Advanced and traditional methods)
d. Monitoring Systems: Basic (Manual Measurements), Advanced (Technology)
e. Evaluating physical activity (subjective and objective) through appropriate outcome
measures

8. Peripheral Vascular Disorders

Assessment and special tests of

a) Arterial, Venous and Lymphatic systems
b) Assessment of wound and Ulcer
c) Assessment of edema

9. Integumentary System

a. Screening, evaluation and Assessment of skin conditions

b. Screening, evaluation and Assessment of burns
c. Assessment of Wound healing

10. Oncology

a. Physical examination and screening of different types of cancer

b. Special emphasize on cancer affecting head and neck, thorax and abdomen
c. Cancer evaluation methods, outcome measures, functional evaluation

11. Pain Assessment & Evaluation

a. Evaluation of Pain in general medical, surgical, Cardio-vascular & respiratory conditions and
cancer

12. Exercise Testing in Different population (including metabolic syndromes, renal failure, obesity)

a. Methods to analyze body composition

b. Exercise testing (aerobic, strength, flexibility)
c. Definition of physical activity, its importance in health and disease
d. Assessment of physical activity (subjective and objective) through appropriate outcome
measures

13. Evaluation and Diagnostic tool/ Equipment’s used to assess fatigue

PAPER IV
PHYSIOTHERAPY INTERVENTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SCIENCES

1. Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, CPR- BLS Training

38
2. Acute and Critical Care Settings - Comprehensive management of adults

a. Acute care setting – environment, equipment and monitoring

b. Body Mechanics and Positioning
c. Care of the patient with artificial Airway
d. Management of ventilated conscious, ventilated unconscious, and patient not on ventilator
e. Weaning of Ventilation
f. Preventive Measures and Evidence based Practice

3. Intensive Care Management of Individuals with Primary Cardiovascular and Pulmonary dysfunction

Principles and physical therapy management for:

a. COPD and RLD
b. Status Asthmaticus
c. Coronary artery disease and Open-Heart Surgery
d. Respiratory failure and Heart failure

4. Intensive Care Management of Individuals with Secondary Cardiovascular and Pulmonary dysfunction

Principles and physical therapy management for:

a. Obesity
b. Neuromuscular conditions
c. Musculoskeletal trauma
d. Head Injury
e. Spinal Cord Injury
f. Organ Transplantation

5. Intensive Care Management of Medical and Surgical Complications (special emphasis on management
of patients with burns, upper abdominal surgery, minimally invasive abdominal surgery)

6. Critical care management of Neonates, Infants and Pediatric Patients

a. General Management of the critically ill Neonate: Bronchial Hygiene Therapy, Neonatal
Resuscitation, Airway Management
b. Medical and physiotherapy techniques in critically ill neonates, Infants and Pediatric patients
c. Physiotherapy interventions in the management of neonates, infants and Pediatric patients
with Primary and Secondary Cardiopulmonary, Musculoskeletal and Neurological dysfunctions
in Critical Care unit

7. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy in stable and chronic conditions

Principles of physical therapy management for:

a. Acute Medical Conditions

b. Surgical Conditions & Chronic primary and Secondary cardiovascular and pulmonary
dysfunction

39
8. Cardio respiratory Physiotherapy Skills & Therapeutics

a. Lung expansion therapy – methods and techniques to improve lung volumes and capacities
b. Bronchial Hygiene therapy – methods and techniques to clear secretions
c. Methods and techniques to decrease work of breathing
d. Endurance promotion activities
e. Energy conservation techniques
f. Oxygen therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy
g. Methods to increase exercise capacity

9. Pharmacotherapy

a. Airway Pharmacology
b. Impact of Pharmacotherapeutics in Cardiovascular and Respiratory conditions and its relevance
in exercise prescription and rehabilitation.

10. Cardio Pulmonary Rehabilitation

a. Elements of International standards for a Cardiac/ Pulmonary rehabilitation Program: historic

perspective, Definition and Goals, Physical reconditioning, scientific basis, Benefits and
potential hazards, Patients evaluation and selection criteria and Recent Advances.
b. Smoking cessation and other risk factor modifications

11. Prevention of Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Metabolic and Pulmonary Diseases

a. Primary prevention of various Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Metabolic and Pulmonary diseases

b. Public health programs for cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases globally and in India.

12. Diseases of Peripheral Vascular and Lymphatic system

a. Evidence based management of patients with Arterial, Venous and Lymphatic diseases.
b. Ulcer and wound management.

13. Pain

a. Pain management in post-surgical conditions.

b. Therapeutic modalities in pain management

14. Exercise Prescription for The People With Primary Cardiovascular And Pulmonary And Endocrine
Conditions

a. Exercise prescription and evidence-based strategies for promoting and maintaining health,
physical activity and exercise in above conditions.

Exercise Prescription for the People with Non Primary Cardiovascular And Pulmonary and Endocrine
Conditions

a. Neuromuscular conditions
40
 b. Collagen/Connective tissue conditions
c. Chronic renal insufficiency
d. Overweight and Obesity

15. Oncology

a. Physiotherapy management of different types of tumors

b. special emphasize on head, neck, lung and mediastinal tumors
c. Cancer rehabilitation and palliative care

16. Physiotherapy Management of Integumentary System

a. Prevention and management of skin conditions

b. Use of Therapeutic agents to facilitate wound repair
c. Prevention of ulcers in patients with desensitized skin
d. Appropriate exercises during different phases of Burn care
e. Scar Management and Outpatient rehabilitation for Burns

REFERENCES

Recommended Books

1. Walter T.ACSMs Clinical Exercise Physiology by Walter R Thompson, 10th ed .Lippincott

Williams & Wilkins;2013
2. Kenney, W. Larry, Wilmore, Jack, Costill, David. Physiology of sports and exercise by Jack H
.Willmore, Costill & Kenney,6th ed. .Human Kinetics; 2015
3. William D. McArdle, Frank I. Katch, Victor L. Katch .Exercise Physiology by Mac Ardle , Katch &
Katch, 8th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2015
4. ML Pollock. Pollock Heart Disease and rehabilitation by Pollock ML .Wiley–Blackwell.1979
5. James Watkins. Fundamental biomechanics of sport and exercise by James Watkins .Taylor &
Francis.2014
6. Richards J.The Comprehensive Text Book of Clinical biomechanics by Jim Richards. 2nded.
Elsevier;2018
7. A Pressler, Niebauer J.Text book of sports and exercise cardiology by Axel Pressler and Josef
Niebauer. 1st ed. Springer International Publishing.2020
8. Durstine L, Moore GE, MJ La Monte ,BA Franklin. Pollocks Textbook of Cardiovascular Disease
and Rehabilitation by Larry Durstine, GE Moore .Human Kinetics; 2008.
9. Frost R. Applied Kinesiology by Robert Frost Applied Revised Edition: A Training Manual and
Reference Book of Basic Principles and Practices. North Atlantic Books;2013
10. Pierce NB. Guide to mechanical ventilation and Intensive respiratory care.Saunders;1995
11. J Cairo .Mechanical Ventilation-Susan Pilbeam.7th ed.Mosby Elsevier ;2019
12. Hillegass E, Sadowsky S.Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy-Steven Sadowsky. 2nd
ed. Saunders ;2010
13. Kacmarek RM, Stoller KJ, Heuer A .Egans Fundamentals of Respiratory Care,11th ed. Mosby
Elsevier;2016
14. Goldberger A. Clinical Electrocardiography.8th ed. Elsevier;2012
15. Cifu DX. Braddoms Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.5th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences;2015
41
 16. William D. McArdle, Frank I. Katch, Victor L. Katch. Essentials of Exercise Physiology .Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins; 2006
17. Sundar TS .Blood Gases by T Shyam Sundar.4th ed.Paras Medical Publisher;2020
18. Hall J. Guyton and Hall, Textbook of Medical Physiology.13th ed. Saunders; 2015
19. Pryor JA, Prasad A. Physiotherapy for Respiratory and Cardiac Problems: Adults and
Paediatrics4th ed.Elsevier;2008
20. Smith M, Ball V. Cardiovascular / Respiratory physiotherapy by Mandy Smith. Elsevier;1998
21. Frownfelter DL, Dean E.Principles and practice of cardiopulmonary physical therapy Donna l.
Frownfelter , Elizabeth dean. Mosby Elsevier;1996
22. Downie AP, Cash JE .Cash’s Textbook of Chest, Heart, and Vascular disorders for
physiotherapists.4th ed.Mosby Elsevier;1987
23. Froelicher V, Myers J .Exercise and the Heart (Cardiovascular Clinics s),5th ed.Elsevier;2006
24. Sullivan OB .Physical rehabilitation by Susan OB Sullivan. 6th ed. F.A Davis Company;2013
25. Myres SR. Saunders, Manual of Physical Therapy Practice. Saunders;1995

Recommended Journals

1. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (Am J Respir Crit Care Med)
2. Chest (Chest)
3. Critical Care (Crit Care)
4. Diabetes Therapy
5. Experimental Diabetes Research
6. Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences (Indian JChest Dis Allied Sci)
7. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention
8. Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
9. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online (J Exerc Physiol Online)
10. Lung India (Lung India)
11. Primary Care Diabetes
12. Primary care Respiratory Journal
13. Respiratory Research ( Res.)
14. The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal
15. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
16. Clinics in Chest Medicine
17. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
18. British Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease
19. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon
Dis)
20. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal
21. Journal of Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation
22. Circulation
23. American Heart Journal
24. Journal of American Heart Association (JAHA)
25. International Journal of Cancer (IJC)
26. Journal of Cancer
27. British Journal of Cancer
28. CANCER
29. Cancer Journal
30. Supportive Care in Cancer
42
 31. Asia Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Related scientific publications including position statements, guidelines, landmark trials, systematic
reviews and meta-analysis and recent trials:

1. Lobelo F et al. Routine Assessment and Promotion of Physical Activity in Healthcare Settings: A
Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018;137(18):e495-
e522

2. Starth SJ et al. Guide to the assessment of physical activity: Clinical and research applications: a
scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2013;128(20):2259-79

3. Lavie CJ, et al. Exercise and the cardiovascular system: clinical science and cardiovascular
outcomes. Circ Res. 2015;117(2):207-19.

4. Spruit M et al. An official American Thoracic Society /European Respiratory Society statement:
key concepts and advances in pulmonary rehabilitation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
2013;188(8): e13-6

FACULTY & INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

1. Minimum Faculty Position for MPT- CVP program

a. Professor/ Associate Professor – ONE
b. Assistant Professor – ONE
c. Faculty must be recognized from the area of Cardio-vascular and Pulmonary Specialty
d. Faculty position is inclusive from the minimum faculty position for BPT program

2. Minimum Infrastructure requirement

a. Affiliation with a hospital having Medical, Surgical, Cardio-Thoracic and

Pulmonology department must be established if offering this elective

b. The center MUST have ALL the equipment and facilities mentioned under the
METHODS OF TRAINING in this ordinance for this specialty in consonance with Schedule
IV of the BPT Ordinance.

43
 Master of Physiotherapy Pediatrics MPT-Ped
OBJECTIVES

On Completion of the course, the post graduate will be able to

1. Exercise professional autonomy based on sound knowledge, skills and discipline at

par with global standards in the area of pediatric physiotherapy
2. Practice within the professional code of ethics and conduct, and the standards of
practice within legal boundaries.
3. Identify, analyze pediatric disorders/ dysfunctions within the boundaries of
physiotherapy practice and arrive at an appropriate hypothesis based on sound
clinical reasoning
4. Work with integrity and autonomy in an interdisciplinary team
5. Involve in undergraduate and post graduate teaching with competence in pediatric
physiotherapy
6. Conduct research activities and utilize findings for professional development and
lifelong learning

SCOPE OF PRACTICE

A Pediatric specialist physiotherapist will be competent to evaluate, assess and arrive at

reasoning-based hypothesis in pediatric disorders. Pediatric Physiotherapists work based on
the ICF framework to develop, maintain, restore and optimize health and function within the
pediatric age group They will be competent to use current evidence to treat and manage a
range of cardiopulmonary, orthopedic, neurological and other disorders in children. They will
be competent to act as a team leader of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team and
contribute to interdisciplinary care planning and implementation of pediatric habilitation
methods. They will be competent to take up research and academic positions in their area of
expertise. They will be competent to be autonomous clinical practitioners.

44
 PAPER II
APPLIED ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOMECHANICS IN PAEDIATRICS

1. General Paediatrics

a. Neonatal and Paediatric Advanced Life Support (NALS and PALS).

b. Basics of Genetics and Applied Genetics in Paediatrics.
c. Exercise physiology in paediatrics- Adaptive response (acute and chronic) on various
systems
d. Nutritional requirements & Immunization schedule in paediatric population.
e. Neurophysiology of movement.
f. Theories of pain and its application in paediatrics.

2. Developmental Paediatrics

a. Embryological Development and Applied embryology- General, Cardiovascular system,

Neurological, Musculoskeletal System, Respiratory system and other systems of
human body
b. Normal and Applied Growth and Development/Maturation - Anthropometric changes
across paediatric life span, Cardiovascular system, Nervous System, Musculoskeletal
System, Respiratory system and other systems of human body
c. Development - Theories of Development; Typical and Atypical development; Sensory
system development; Reflex maturation and Reactions

3. System Based Applied Paediatrics

a. Theories of Motor Control and Motor Learning and its application.

b. Development and applied aspects of Bowel and Bladder function.
c. Development and applied aspects of Gastrointestinal function.
d. Development and applied aspects of Balance, Coordination and Gait.
e. Development of Posture and applied Postural deviations.
f. Cardio-respiratory physiology in pediatrics

45
 PAPER- III
PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS IN PEDIATRICS

1. Assessment in General Paediatrics

a. Prenatal screening and assessment of movement

b. Clinical identification of possible genetic abnormalities
c. Interpretation of assessments based on International Classification of Functioning,
Disability and Health (ICF) guidelines in Paediatric conditions.
d. Assessment of motor control and motor learning.
e. Evaluation and interpretation of sensory disorders (autism and autism related
disorders) including perceptual and behavioural disorders.
f. Assessment, physical and functional diagnosis of gait using various scales and use,
interpretation of laboratory-based gait assessment.
g. Assessment, physical and functional diagnosis of balance and coordination using
various scales and use, interpretation of laboratory- based assessment
h. Ergonomic assessment of Children in Integrated Schools.
i. Motor Control Assessment - Voluntary control assessment and Selective Motor
Control.
j. Assessment of Paediatric disorders using standardised test /scales at all levels of
dysfunction in various condition of paediatric population with their psychometric
properties

2. Assessment in Developmental Paediatrics

a. Growth assessment.
b. Developmental screening and assessment (Norm referenced, Criterion referenced,
Functional and other scales for screening and assessment of various disorders in
paediatric population).
c. Assessment of nutrition and obesity in paediatrics.
d. Assessment of High-risk Neonates/Children.
e. Assessment principles in specific genetic diorders with motor system involvement-
Down syndrome, bleeding disorders

3. Assessment in System based Paediatrics

a. Assessment of children in Intensive Care Unit.

b. Physical and Functional assessment, Differential diagnosis and Investigations including
46
 Laboratory, Electrophysiological, radiological investigations in Neurological, Cardio-
respiratory, Metabolic, Musculoskeletal and various conditions of the paediatric
population.
c. Physical activity and Fitness assessment (including Exercise Tolerance Testing)
d. Assessment, physical and functional diagnosis in paediatrics Oncology.
e. Assessment, physical and functional diagnosis in paediatrics Burns.
f. Pre and post- surgical assessment in Paediatric conditions.
g. Assessment of Integumentary System.
h. Assessment, physical and functional diagnosis of Adolescent Health Disorders and
paediatric Mental Health.
i. Pain assessment in Neonates and Children.
j. Assessment of Movement dysfunction in Paediatrics.
k. Assessment of DCD, LD and ADHD.

PAPER- IV
PAEDIATRIC PHYSIOTHERAPY / PHYSIOTHERAPEUTICS IN PAEDIATRICS

1. Management in General Paediatrics

a. Goal setting and treatment guidelines based on International Classification of

Functional Disability and Health (ICF) in Paediatric conditions.
b. Early Intervention in neurodevlopmental disorders and orthopaedic disorders
c. Management of Sensory Disorders including Perceptual and Behavioural Disorders.
d. Management of motor system diorders
e. Promotion of Physical activity and Fitness in Typical and Atypical Paediatric
population.
f. Management of disorders of function, posture and gait
g. Prescription and Application of Orthosis, Prosthesis, Assistive and Adaptive devices,
seating systems and mobility devices
h. Technology based intervention in Paediatric Physiotherapy.
i. Role of Paediatric Physiotherapist in Mainstream, Integrated and Special Schools.
j. Recovery process in Nervous System and Neural plasticity.
k. Role of Paediatric Physiotherapy in Community.
l. Exercise prescription in adolescents

2. Management in Developmental Paediatrics:

a. Management of Growth disorders.

b. Management of Developmental disorders and genetic disorders specifically bleeding
disorders, down syndrome, inborn errors of metabolism and muscular dystrophies

3. Management in System Based Paediatrics

a. Management in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Paediatric Intensive Care Unit
(PICU) and High-risk babies.
b. Management of Neuro-paediatric, Cardio-respiratory, Metabolic and Musculoskeletal

47
 conditions
c. Management of Paediatric Conditions – Oncology, Burns, Non-communicable
diseases, Integumentary systems, amputations
d. Management of Pain in Neonates and Children using various modalities.
e. Management of Motor dysfunction in Paediatrics.
f. Management of Oromotor and Orosensory dysfunctions.
g. Management of Myopathic and Neuropathic conditions.
h. Management in neurodevelopmental disorders -LD, ADHD, DCD.
i. Application of yoga in paediatric population

REFERENCES

Recommended Books

1. Gallahue, D. L., Ozmun, J. C., & Goodway, J. (2006). Understanding motor development:
Infants, children, adolescents, adults, 4/e. Mcgraw-hill.
2. Stamer, M. H. (2015). Posture and movement of the child with cerebral palsy. PRO-ED,
Incorporated.
3. Rennie, J. M., & Kendall, G. (2013). A Manual of Neonatal Intensive Care, 5/e. CRC Press.
4. Illingworth, R. S. (2002). The normal child: some problems of the early years and their
treatment, 10/e. WB Saunders Company.
5. Illingworth, R. S. (2013). The development of the infant and young child: Normal and
abnormal, 10/e. Churchill Livingstone.
6. Fanaroff, J. M., & Fanaroff, A. A. (2012). Klaus and Fanaroff's Care of the High-Risk
Neonate, 6/e. Elsevier Health Sciences.
7. Jenson, H.B,Kliegman, R. M., Behrman, R. E. (2003). Nelson Textbook of Paediatrics, 17/e.
Elsevier Health Sciences.
8. Effgen, S. K. (2012). Meeting the physical therapy needs of children. FA Davis.
9. Armstrong, N., & Van Mechelen, W. (Eds.). (2008). Paediatric exercise science and
medicine. Oxford University Press.
10. Long, T. (2018). Handbook of paediatric physical therapy, 2/e. Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins.
11. Fenichel, G. M. (2009). Clinical paediatric neurology: a signs and symptoms approach, 5/e.
Elsevier Health Sciences.
12. Parthasarathy, A. (2016). IAP Textbook of pediatrics, 3/e. JP Medical Ltd.
13. Bly, L. (1994). Motor skills acquisition in the first year: an illustrated guide to normal
development. Psychological Corp.
14. Dubowitz, L. M., Dubowitz, V., & Mercuri, E. (1999). The neurological assessment of the
preterm and full-termnew-born infant, 2/e. Cambridge University Press.
15. Pountney, T. (2007). Physiotherapy for children. Elsevier Health Sciences.
16. DeGangi, G. A. (2017). Paediatric disorders of regulation in affect and behaviour: A
therapist's guide to assessment and treatment. Academic Press.
17. DiFiore, J. (2013). The complete guide to postnatal fitness. A&C Black.
18. Campbell, S. K., Palisano, R. J., & Vander Linden, D. W. (2006). Physical therapy for
children, 4/e. Saunders.
19. Haddad, G. G., Abman, S. H., & Chernick, V. (2002). Chernick-Mellins basic mechanisms of
paediatric respiratory disease, 2/e. PMPH-USA.
20. Kliegman, R. M., Stanton, B. M., Geme, J. S., & Schor, N. F. (2015). Nelson Textbook of
Pediatrics, 20/e, Vol 1, 2, 3. Elsevier Health Sciences.
48
21. Levitt, S., & Addison, A. (2018). Treatment of cerebral palsy and motor delay, 5/e. Wiley-
Blackwell.
22. Connolly, B. H., & Montgomery, P. (2005). Therapeutic exercise in developmental
disabilities, 3/e. Slack Incorporated.
23. Stamer, M. H. (2015). Posture and movement of the child with cerebral palsy, 2/e. PRO-
ED, Incorporated.
24. Bly, L. (1999). Baby treatment based on NDT principles. Therapy Skill Builders.
25. Dubowitz, V. (1980). The floppy infant, 2/e. Cambridge University Press.
26. Scherzer, A. L. (2000). Early diagnosis and interventional therapy in cerebral palsy: an
interdisciplinary age-focused approach, 3/e. Informa Health Care.
27. Tecklin, J. S. (Ed.). (2008). Paediatric physical therapy, 5/e. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
28. Kimura, J. (2001). Electrodiagnosis in diseases of nerve and muscle: principles and
practice, 4/e. Oxford university press.
29. Carr, J. H. (2011). Neurological rehabilitation, 2/e. Elsevier India.
30. Shumway-Cook, A., & Woollacott, M. H. (2007). Motor control: translating research into
clinical practice, 2/e. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
31. Bundy, A. C., Lane, S. J., & Murray, E. A. (2002). Sensory integration: Theory and practice,
2/e. FA Davis.
32. Preston, D. C., & Shapiro, B. E. (2012). Electromyography and Neuromuscular Disorders:
ClinicalElectrophysiologic Correlations (Expert Consult-Online and Print), 2/e. Elsevier
Health Sciences.
33. Latash, M. L. (2008). Neurophysiological basis of movement. Human Kinetics.
34. Schwartzman, R. (2008). Neurologic examination, 1/e. John Wiley & Sons.
35. Ellis, E. (2005). Science-based rehabilitation: theories into practice, 1/e. Elsevier Health
Sciences.
36. Miller, F. (Ed.). (2007). Physical therapy of cerebral palsy. Springer Science & Business
Media.
37. Barnes, M. P., & Johnson, G. R. (Eds.). (2008). Upper motor neurone syndrome and
spasticity: clinical management and neurophysiology, 2/e. Cambridge University Press.
38. Schmidt, R. A., Lee, T. D., Winstein, C., Wulf, G., & Zelaznik, H. N. (2018). Motor control
and learning: A behavioural emphasis, 4/e. Human kinetics.
39. Schmidt, R. A., & Wrisberg, C. A. (2008). Motor learning and performance: A situation-
based learning approach, 4/e. Human kinetics
40. Brooks-Scott, S. (1999). Handbook of Mobilization in the Management of Children with
Neurologic Disorders.Butterworth Heinemann: Boston.
41. Holmes, G. L., Jones, H. R., & Moshé, S. L. (2006). Clinical neurophysiology of infancy,
childhood, and adolescence, 1/e. Elsevier Inc.
42. Cowden, J. E., Sayers, L. K., & Torrey, C. C. (1998). Paediatric adapted motor development
and exercise: An innovative multisystem approach for professionals and families. Charles
C Thomas Pub Limited.
43. Vergara, E., & Bigsby, R. (2004). Developmental and therapeutic interventions in the NICU.
Brookes Pub.
44. Capute, A. J., & Accardo, P. J. (1991). Developmental disabilities in infancy and childhood.
Paul H Brookes Pub Co.
45. Kenner, C., & McGrath, J. (Eds.). (2004). Developmental care of new-borns& infants: A
guide for health professionals. Mosby Incorporated.
46. Piper, M. C., Darrah, J., Maguire, T. O., & Redfern, L. (1994). Motor assessment of the
developing infant. Philadelphia: Saunders.
47. Polin, R. A., Fox, W. W., & Abman, S. H. (2011). Fetal and Neonatal Physiology: Expert
49
 Consult-Online and Print, Vol. 1. Elsevier Health Sciences.
48. Jaeger, L. (1987). Home program instruction sheets for infants and young children.
Therapy Skill Builders.
49. Armstrong, N. (Ed.). (2007). Paediatric exercise physiology. Elsevier Health Sciences.
50. Singh, M. (2017). Care of the new born, 8/ed. CBS Publishers & Distributors Private
Limited.
51. Rennie, J. M., Hagmann, C. F., & Robertson, N. J. (2008). Neonatal cerebral investigation.
Cambridge University Press
52. Umphred, Darcy Ann, Rolando T. Lazaro, Margaret Roller, and Gordon Burton, eds. (2013).
Neurological rehabilitation, 6/e. Elsevier Health Sciences.
53. Lee, H. J., & DeLisa, J. A. (2005). Manual of nerve conduction study and surface anatomy
for needle electromyography, 3/e. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
54. Taly, A. B., Nair, K. S., & Murali, T. (2001). Neurorehabilitation Principles & Practice, 2/e.
Ahuja Book Company Pvt. Ltd.
55. Herdman, S. J., & Clendaniel, R. (2014). Vestibular rehabilitation, 2/e. FA Davis.
56. Patten, J. (1996). Neurological differential diagnosis, 2/e. Springer Science & Business
Media.
57. Shacklock, M. (2005). Clinical neurodynamics: a new system of neuromusculoskeletal
treatment. Elsevier Health Sciences.
58. Gillen, G. (2008). Cognitive and perceptual rehabilitation: Optimizing function. Elsevier
Health Sciences.
59. Christa Einspieler (Author), Heinz R. F. Prechtl (2008) Prechtl's Method on the Qualitative
Assessment of General Movements in Preterm, Term and Young Infants (Clinics in
Developmental Medicine) Mac Keith Press
60. Karen Marcdante MD (Editor), Robert M. Kliegman MD. Nelson Essentials of Pediatrics:
Elsevier India

URL
1. www.karnataka.gov.in
2. socialjustice.nic.in
3. http://www.icf-elearning.com
4. wcd.nic.in
5. mohfw.gov.in

Recommended Journals
1. Paediatric Physical Therapy – Publisher: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
2. Developmental Medicines & child neurology – Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
3. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Paediatrics – Publisher: Informa
4. Disability and rehabilitation - Publisher: Taylor & Francis.
5. Clinical rehabilitation- Publisher: Sage
6. International journal of developmental disabilities - Publisher: Maney
7. Physical medicine and rehabilitation – Publisher: Austin

FACULTY & INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

1. Minimum Faculty Position for MPT- Ped program

a. Professor/ Associate Professor – ONE

50
 b. Assistant Professor – ONE
c. Faculty must be recognized from the area of Pediatric Specialty
d. Faculty position is inclusive from the minimum faculty position for BPT program
2. Minimum Infrastructure requirement

a. Affiliation with a hospital having Pediatric department (with both in-patient and
out-patient facility) with NICU, a high risk follow up clinic and early intervention
program must be established if offering this elective

b. The center MUST have ALL the equipment and facilities mentioned under the
METHODS OF TRAINING in this ordinance for this specialty in consonance with Schedule
IV of the BPT Ordinance.

c. Institution must be attached to one special school

d. A pediatric physiotherapy unit must be established/ available in the institution/

affiliated hospital with the facilities and equipment required to assess and treat
children referred for pediatric physiotherapy.

e. Separate Lab or Shared lab area space of 1000 sq.ft area with
Walkway and Community ambulation Training path 10 metres

f. Own or in attached facility [Neuroimaging, Electro diagnostic and Biochemical investigation

facility]

g. The Pediatric-physiotherapy unit MUST have all facilities and equipment for Pediatric-
rehabilitation viz Cognition assessment, Perception assessment, Sensory assessment, Muscle
Strength assessment, Motor assessment, Balance, Gait assessment, Grip and Grasp
assessment, Functional Assessment, Physical Activity Measurement, Assistive devices,
Mobility devices

51
 Master of Physiotherapy Neurological Science MPT-
Neuro
OBJECTIVES

On Completion of the course, the post graduate will be able to

1. Exercise professional autonomy based on sound knowledge, skills and discipline at par
with global standards in prevention, management and rehabilitation of patients with
neuro-medical and neuro-surgical conditions
2. Practice within the professional code of ethics and conduct, and the standards of practice
within legal boundaries.
3. Identify and analyse specific risks and dysfunction related to neurological conditions
within the boundaries of physiotherapy practice and arrive at an appropriate hypothesis
based on sound clinical reasoning
4. Work with integrity and autonomy in an interdisciplinary team
5. Involve in undergraduate and postgraduate teaching with competence
6. Conduct research activities and utilize findings for professional development and lifelong
learning.

SCOPE OF PRACTICE
A Neurology specialist physiotherapist will be competent to evaluate, assess and arrive at
reasoning-based hypothesis in patients with neuro-medical or neuro-surgical trauma or disease.
Neurology Physiotherapists work based on the ICF framework to develop, maintain, restore and
optimize health and function. They will be competent to use current evidence to treat and
manage Neurological dysfunctions in children, adults and elders. They will be competent to act as
a team leader of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team and contribute to interdisciplinary care
planning and implementation of Neuro-rehabilitation methods. They will be competent to take
up academic and research positions in their area of expertise. They are competent to be
autonomous clinical practitioners.

PAPER II
BASIC SCIENCES FOR NEUROLOGICAL PHYSIOTHERAPY

52
1. Anatomy and Physiology of nervous system
a. Central nervous system,
b. Peripheral nervous system and
c. Autonomic Nervous system

2. Pathology and clinical features of nervous system disorders

a. Pathological changes and clinical features in progressive and non-progressive disorders of

Central and peripheral nervous system causing movement dysfunction.

3. Motor control
a. Physiology of Motor control [Movement organization at a cortical level, contributory role
of cerebellum, basal ganglia and other subcortical structures]
b. Theories of Motor Control [Reflex Theory, Hierarchical Theory, Systems Theory,
Dynamical systems theory, Equilibrium point theory, Ecological Theory, Uncontrolled
Manifold Theory]
c. Kinematic and Kinetic Motor Control variables

4. Motor Development

a. Motor development [Reflex, Gross Motor, Fine Motor]

b. Sensory development
c. Cognitive development
d. Social development

5. Motor behavior of basic tasks

[Walking, Postural control and Object interaction with hands]

a. Goal and description of motor tasks
b. Development and variation of motor tasks across different age groups
c. Neural control of motor tasks
d. Biomechanics of motor tasks
e. Role of environment variables in task performance across different stages of
development

6. Motor learning and principles of promoting neuroplasticity

a. Physiology of Motor learning
b. Stages of Learning
c. Classification of Motor Tasks
d. Practice and feedback for motor tasks
e. Measurement of Motor Learning

7. Exercise promotion and disease prevention

a. Concept of Health, disease, disability and neuro-rehabilitation care delivery within the
Indian context incorporating caregiver education and training.
b. Need for motivation in neurological patients
c. Defining and describing health behavior
d. Causes of positive and negative health behaviors
e. Theories of behavior and behavior change for exercise health behavior
f. Measurement of behavior and behavior change supported by modern technology.
53
 g. Application of basic Behavior change
h. Techniquesfor promoting positive healthy lifestyle behavior.

8. Reorganization and recovery

a. Neural Plasticity
b. Adaptation across musculoskeletal system in nervous system disorders
c. Genetic and metabolic influences on neural plasticity
d. Effect of Neuropharmacology on exercise, recoveryand reorganization

PAPER III
NEUROPHYSIOTHERAPY ASSESSMENT

1. Body Structure and Function Assessment in neurological disorders

a. Assessment of Cerebral Cortical function [Such as Consciousness, Higher Functions,

Sensory functions, Perception, Motor functions, Synergy, Speech, Vision etc]
b. Assessment of cerebral cortical dysfunction in Progressive and Non-progressive disorders
of Central Nervous System
c. Assessment of Basal Ganglia functions [Motor planning, Movement initiation and control,
Muscle Tone]
d. Assessment of dysfunction in movement disorders
e. Assessment of Cerebellar functions [Such as Motor coordination, Sensory integration of
visual, vestibular and proprioceptive systems]
f. Assessment of movement dysfunction in cerebellar disorders
g. Assessment of Spinal Cord & Brainstem functions [Such as Muscle functions, Sensory
functions, Reflexes and Autonomic functions]
h. Assessment of movement dysfunction in Progressive and Non-progressive disorders of
spinal cord
i. Assessment of Peripheral nervous system including Muscle and Neuromuscular junction
functions [Such as Motor, sensory and peripheral autonomic functions]
j. Assessment of sensory, motor and autonomic dysfunction in peripheral nerve injuries,
polyneuropathies, neuromuscular junction and muscle disorders
k. Screening and Assessment for Primary prevention and Risk reduction of secondary
impairments in all neurological disorders. [Such as musculoskeletal, cardiopulmonary,
integumentary and vascular system functions]
l. Assessment for primary prevention and Risk reduction such as Falls in conditions such as
senility, prolonged inactivity, dementia, depression, polypharmacy, vestibular pathology,
Fall history etc.

2. Neurological investigations

a. Electrophysiological investigations [EMG, SD curve and FG Test, Nerve conduction studies

and Evoked Potentials]
b. Neuroimaging [Ultrasound, CT, MRI, FMRI, PET, TMS, EEG]
c. Biochemical [CSF, Muscle and Nerve Biopsy]

54
3. Motor Behavior Assessment

a. Motor Control and Motor Behavior Assessment in clinical and natural environment
i. Postural control assessment
ii. Gait assessment and Other Gross movement assessment
iii. Reach, Grasp and manipulation Assessment
iv. Motor control and Motor Learning Assessment of motor tasks and functional
activities utilizing performance measures and energetics
v. Kinematic and kinetic analysis of motor tasks and functional activities and
retention measures
b. Physical assessment of functions in clinical and natural environment
i. Assessment of Activities and Instrumental activities of daily function
ii. Assessment of Health Behaviors and Exercise adherence
iii. Assessment of Environmental Barriers and Facilitators
iv. Assessment of Personal Barriers and Facilitators

4. Activity limitation and Participation Restriction assessment using Functional Outcome

Measures

a. Generic outcome measures

i. Activities of Daily Living
ii. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
iii. International Classification of Functioning Outcome measure
iv. Participation Level Measure
v. Quality of Life Measures
b. Disease Specific Measures relevant to Activity and Participation
i. CNS Disorder including Movement Disorders and Cerebellar Disorders
ii. Spinal Disorders
iii. Peripheral Nerve and Muscle Disorders
c. Goal setting in progressive and non-progressive neurological disorders across ICF domain
outcomes based on rate of prognosis.
d. Assessment for assistive technological interventions

PAPER IV
NEUROPHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT

1. Treatment of Body structure and Function impairments in neurological disorders.

a. Treatment of cerebral cortical dysfunction impairments affecting movement in

Progressive and Non-progressive disorders of Central Nervous System.
i. Assisting and leading exercise, teaching, enhancing and developing skills of
functions of the brain including Global and Specific mental functions.
ii. Practice Training of caregivers for Practical and Emotional support with
mental functions
55
 iii. Training motor planning and control.
iv. Assisting and leading exercise for movement functions. Supporting or guiding
exercise focusing on functions of motor reflex, involuntary movement
reaction, control of voluntary movement, gait pattern functions and
sensations related to muscles and movement functions

b. Treatment of movement dysfunction and in movement disorders and cerebellar

disorders
i. Assisting, Training and development of exercises for inhibiting involuntary
movement dysfunction and incoordination.
ii. Supporting or guiding exercise focused on functions of unintentional, non- or
semi - purposive involuntary movements
iii. Supporting or guiding exercise focused on initiating and controlling functions of
voluntary movements such as cueing

c. Treatment of sensory, motor and autonomic dysfunction in Progressive and Non-

progressive disorders of spinal cord, peripheral nerves, muscles and neuromuscular
junction.
i. Training for touch, temperature and other stimuli
ii. Teaching, enhancing or developing skills - of sensory functions of sensing
surfaces and their texture or quality, sensing temperature, vibration, pressure
and noxious stimulus through practice.
iii. Education and advice about touch functions. Stimulation of touch functions.
iv. Training for Proprioceptive functions
v. Teaching, enhancing or developing skills - of sensory functions of sensing the
relative position of body parts - through practice
vi. Assisting and leading exercise for Proprioceptive functions
vii. Training muscle functions
viii. Training, Supporting or guiding exercise-focusing functions related to muscle
power, muscle tone and muscle endurance
ix. Electrical stimulation of muscle functions
x. Training Autonomic functions
xi. Training control of central and peripheral sympathetic and parasympathetic
functions through exercises and biofeedback

d. Treatment for Risk reduction of secondary impairments in all neurological disorders. Such
as musculoskeletal, cardiopulmonary, integumentary and vascular system functions
i. Supporting, Guiding, Educating and Training for the following exercises:
Functional Strength Training, Stretching Exercise, Aerobic exercise Planning and
prescription, Wound management, Managing DVT, Relaxation Training.

e. Treatment for Risk reduction such as Falls in conditions such as senility, prolonged
inactivity, dementia, depression, polypharmacy, vestibular pathology, Fall history etc.

2. Neurological Approaches and Technology enabled treatment techniques in retraining CNS and
PNS disorders.
56
 a. Understanding of Classical Approaches such as Rood, Bobath, NDT, Brunnstrom, PNF,
Sensory Integration and their merits and demerits.
b. Retraining with Technology Based Interventions:
i. Virtual Reality,
ii. Robotic Therapy,
iii. Functional Electrical Stimulation,
iv. Brain and Spinal cord Stimulation,
v. Brain computer interface training
vi. Neuro biofeedback therapy
vii. Assistive technology

3. Functional Interventions for Promoting Neuroplasticity for improving Motor Behavior in

various clinical disorders

a. Principles of Neuroplasticity and Motor learning

b. Motor Relearning Program
c. Systems Model of retraining postural control, locomotion and upperlimb activities.
d. Task oriented and Functional Training for carrying out General tasks such as lifting and
carrying objects, Mobility, self-care, domestic life, and Major life activities.
e. Action Observation training and Mirror Therapy

4. Interventions for activity promotion and Participation Facilitation in various neurological

disorders

a. Behavior Change Techniques for promoting positive health behavior

i. Training to influence health behaviours and exercise adherence
ii. Education to influence health behaviours and exercise adherence.
iii. Advocacy, Advising, counselling and emotional support for health behaviours

b. Environmental Enrichment
i. Prescription, Education, Advice,Training in and deconditioning from the use of
products and technology those adapted or specially designed to assist
functioning such as orthotic and assistive devices and technology.
ii. Capacity building interventions targeting aspects of natural environment and
human-made changes to environment such as environmental remodeling in their
home environment.

c. Social Environment Enrichment

i. Providing education and advice about practical, physical or emotional
support provided by people, to encourage a change of functioning,
environment, attitude or behavior in relation to health (or risks)

REFERENCES

Recommended Books
Neuro Anatomy:
1. Bhuiyan PS, Rajgopal L, Shyamkishore K. Inderbir Singh's Textbook of Human

57
 Neuroanatomy: (Fundamental & Clinical). 10th Edition. JP Medical Ltd; 2018. ISBN-13
: 978-9352701483
Neurophysiology:
2. Hudspeth, A.J; Jessell, Thomas M.; Kandel, Eric R.; Schwartz, James H.; Siegelbaum,
Steven A. Principles of neural science. 5th Edition. McGraw-Hill Medical, editors. New
York: McGraw-hill; 2013. ISBN 13: 9780071390118
Pathophysiology:
3. Christopher M Fredericks; Lisa K Saladin Philadelphia. Pathophysiology of the motor
systems: Principles and Clinical presentations. F.A. Davis, 1996.ISBN-13 : 978-0803600935
Motor Control:
4. Mark L. Latash.Neurophysiological Basis of Movement: 2nd Edition. Human Kinetics
Publishers.2008. ISBN-10: 0736063676 ISBN-13 : 978-0736063678
5. James J. Gibson. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception: Classic Edition. Psychology
Press & Routledge. 2014. ISBN-13: 978-1848725782
Motor Development:
6. Kathleen Haywood, Nancy Getchell. Life Span Motor Development 7th edition Human
Kinetics Publishers 2019. ISBN: 9781492566908.
7. Smith, L. B., &Thelen E. Bradford Books series in cognitive psychology.A dynamic systems
approach to development: Applications. MIT Press 1994. ISBN-10 : 0262519445
Motor Behavior:
8. Anne Shumway-Cook, Marjorie H. Woollacott. Translating Research into Clinical Practice.
5th Edition.Wolters Kluwer. 2017. ISBN: 9781496302632, 14963026
Motor Learning:
9. Richard A. Magill, David I. Anderson. Motor learning and control: Concepts and
Applications, 11th Edition. Mcgraw-hill Education. 2017. ISBN 978-1-259-82399-2.
10. Richard A. Schmidt, Tim Lee, CaroleeWinstein , Gabriele Wulf ,Howard N. Zelaznik.Motor
Control and Learning A Behavioral Emphasis. 6th Edition. Human Kinetics PublishersISBN-
13:978-1492547754
Behavior change:
11. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Behavioral Aspects of Physical Activity and
Exercise.Publisher: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2013. ISBN-13: 978-1451132113.
12. Susan Michie, Lou Atkins, Robert West. The Behaviour Change Wheel: A Guide To
Designing Interventions. Silverback Publishing. ISBN-10 : 1912141000 ISBN-13 : 978-
1912141005
Reorganization and recovery:
13. Krakauer JW, Carmichael ST. Broken movement: The Neurobiology of Motor Recovery
after Stroke. MIT Press; 2017.ISBN-13 : 978-0262037228
14. Charles D. Ciccone. Pharmacology in Rehabilitation : Contemporary Perspectives in
Rehabilitation. 5th Edition. F.A. Davis Company. 2015 ISBN-10 : 0803640293 ISBN-13
: 978-0803640290
Basic Principles of assessment
15. Thomas B. Newman, Michael A. Kohn, Evidence-Based Diagnosis, Cambridge University
Press, 2009. ISBN:9781139476850, 1139476858.
16. Rothstein JM, Echternach JL, Riddle DL. The Hypothesis-Oriented Algorithm for Clinicians
II (HOAC II): a guide for patient management. Physical Therapy. 2003 May 1;83(5):455-70.
17. Anne Shumway-Cook, Marjorie H. Woollacott. Translating Research into Clinical Practice.
5th Edition.Wolters Kluwer. 2017. ISBN: 9781496302632, 14963026
18. World Health Organization. How to use the ICF: A practical manual for using the
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Exposure draft for
58
 comment. October 2013. Geneva: WHO
Assessment of Body structure and Function:
19. Kameshwar Prasad , Ravi Yadav , John Spillane. Bickerstaff's Neurological Examination in
Clinical Practice. 7th adapted edition. Wiley India Pvt Ltd: 2013. ISBN-
10: 8126538988ISBN-13 : 978-8126538980
20. Geraint Fuller. Neurological Examination Made Easy. 6th Edition. Elsevier. 2019 ISBN-10
: 0702076279ISBN-13 : 978-0702076275
21. World Health Organization. How to use the ICF: A practical manual for using the
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Exposure draft for
comment. October 2013. Geneva: WHO
Investigation:
22. Jun Kimura. Electrodiagnosis in Diseases of Nerve and Muscle: Principles and Practice. 4th
Edition. OUP USA: 2014. ISBN-10: 0199738688 ISBN-13 : 978-0199738687
23. U.K. Misra , J Kalita . Clinical Neurophysiology: Nerve Conduction, Electromyography,
Evoked Potentials. 4th Edition. Elsevier India: 2019. ISBN-10 : 8131258157 ISBN-13 : 978-
8131258156
24. Allan Ropper , Martin Samuels, Joshua Klein, Sashank Prasad. Adams and Victor's
Principles of Neurology.11th Edition. McGraw-Hill Education / Medical: 2019. ISBN-
10: 0071842616 ISBN-13: 978-0071842617
Motor and Physical activity Behaviour:
25. Anne Shumway-Cook, Marjorie H. Woollacott. Translating Research into Clinical Practice.
5th Edition.Wolters Kluwer. 2017. ISBN: 9781496302632, 14963026
26. Susan Michie, Lou Atkins, Robert West. The Behaviour Change Wheel: A Guide To
Designing Interventions. Silverback Publishing. ISBN-10 : 1912141000 ISBN-13 : 978-
1912141005
Outcome measures:
27. Robert Herndon. Handbook of Neurologic Rating Scales. 2nd Edition. Demos Medical
Publishing 2005ISBN-13 : 978-1888799927
28. Elspeth Finch. Physical Rehabilitation Outcome Measures: A Guide to Enhanced Clinical
Decision Making.2nd Edition Springer Publishing Company 2002 ISBN:9780781742412
29. Measurement in Neurological Rehabilitation. By Derick T. Wade. 1992.
Retraining Body Function
30. Susan B.O'Sullivan, Thomas J. Schmitz, George D. Fulk. Physical Rehabilitation. 7thEdition.
F.A. Davis Company: 2019. ISBN-10: 0803661622 ISBN-13: 978-0803661622
31. Rolando T. Lazaro .Umphred's Neurological Rehabilitation. 7th Edition. Mosby: 2020.
ISBN-10: 0323611176 ISBN-13: 978-0323611176
32. Jacqueline Montgomery. Physical Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury: Clinics in Physical
Therapy. Churchill Livingstone: 1994. ISBN-10: 0443089086 ISBN-13:978-0443089084
33. Meg E. Morris, Robert Iansek. Rehabilitation in Movement Disorders. Cambridge
University Press 2013 ISBN: 9781107014008, 110701400X
Neurological Approaches and Rehabilitation Technology
34. Raj Samuel Glady. Physiotherapy in Neuroconditons. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.
ISBN: 9788180616310, 9788180616310
35. David J. Reinkensmeyer, Volker Dietz,Neurorehabilitation Technology 2nd Edition.
Springer International Publishing. 2016. ISBN: 9783319286037, 331928603X
Motor Behavior Retraining
36. Joel Stein, Richard L. Harvey, Richard D. Zorowitz , Carolee J. Winstein, George E.
Wittenberg. Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation. 2nd Edition. Demos Medical Publishing:
2014.ISBN-10:1620700069 ISBN-13: 978-1620700068
59
 37. Janet H. Carr, Roberta B. Shepherd. Neurological Rehabilitation: Optimizing motor
performance. 2nd Edition. Churchill Livingstone: 2010. ISBN-10: 0702040517. ISBN-
13: 978-0702040511
38. Anne Shumway-Cook, Marjorie H. Woollacott. Motor Control Translating Research into
Clinical Practice. 5th Edition.Wolters Kluwer. 2017. ISBN: 9781496302632, 149630263X

Activity promotion
39. Susan Michie, Lou Atkins, Robert West. The Behaviour Change Wheel: A Guide To
Designing Interventions. Silverback Publishing. ISBN-10 : 1912141000 ISBN-13 : 978-
1912141005

URL
https://www.who.int/classifications/icf/en/

Recommended Journals
1. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy
2. Journal of Motor Behavior
3. Stroke
4. The Journal of Spinal cord Medicine
5. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease
6. Human Movement Science
7. Gait and Posture
8. Motor Control
9. Neural plasticity
10. Neuro-rehabilitation
11. Neuro-rehabilitation and Neural repair
12. Journal of neuro- engineering and rehabilitation
13. Disability and Rehabilitation
14. African journal of disability
15. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical activity
16. International journal of Stroke
17. Movement Disorders
18. Parkinsonism and related disorders
19. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
20. Topics in spinal cord Injury Rehabilitation
21. Neuromuscular disorders
22. Neurology Asia
23. Neurology India

FACULTY & INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

1. Minimum Faculty Position for MPT- Neuro program

60
 a. Professor/ Associate Professor – ONE
b. Assistant Professor – ONE
c. Faculty must be recognized from the area of Neurological sciences Specialty
d. Faculty position is inclusive from the minimum faculty position for BPT program

2. Minimum Infrastructure requirement

a. Affiliation with a hospital having Neurology department (with both in-patient and
out-patient facility) must be established if offering this elective
b. The center MUST have ALL the equipment and facilities mentioned under the
METHODS OF TRAINING in this ordinance for this specialty in consonance with Schedule
IV of the BPT Ordinance.

c. A Neuro physiotherapy unit must be established/ available in the institution/ affiliated

hospital with the facilities and equipment required to assess and treat Neurological
disorders/ dysfunctions.

d. Separate Lab or Shared with Movement Science of 1000 sq.ft area

Walkway and Community ambulation Training path 10 metres

e. Own or in attached facility [Neuroimaging, Electro diagnostic and Biochemical investigation

facility]

f. The Neuro-physiotherapy unit MUST have all facilities and equipment for Neuro-rehabilitation
viz Cognition assessment, Perception assessment, Sensory assessment, Muscle Strength
assessment, Motor assessment, Balance, Gait assessment, Grip and Grasp assessment,
Functional Assessment, Physical Activity Measurement, Assistive devices, Mobility devices

61
Master of Physiotherapy Community Health MPT-Com
OBJECTIVES

The objective of the course is to develop a cadre of dynamic, progressive postgraduate physiotherapist,
who upon completion of the course will be

1. Competent to use the physiotherapy knowledge and skills framework to work with
people at both individual and population level to promote inclusive health, prevent
disease, and identify and treat health conditions; with a goal to maximize their
functioning, independence in activities and participation
2. Able to effectively use their knowledge and leadership skills to integrate all resources
and strategies, as described in the course content, to deliver high quality innovative
services that are affordable, accessible, effective and efficient.
3. Competent to teach and mentor undergraduate and postgraduate students; undertake
independent research; strengthen existing and develop new clinical care pathways
4. Able to efficiently advocate for maximizing access to physiotherapy service provisions
within the healthcare delivery framework.

SCOPE OF PRACTICE

The postgraduate specialist physiotherapist in community health will be competent as

autonomous clinical practitioners to promote health, prevent disease, restore health, maximize
body functioning and independence in activities and participation of individuals, families and
communities. They will use their subject and domain expertise as described in the course
content to deliver need and context-based care.

They would be competent to work in various settings such as independent practitioners in the
community, primary, urban and community health centers, health and wellness clinics, general
and targeted population clinics, hospitals, teaching institutions, research institutions, non-
governmental organizations, various central and state government health programs viz National
Program for Health care for Elderly, National Leprosy Eradication Program, Government
institutions, international health organizations, industrial and office settings, schools,
specialized care institutions such as assisted living facilities, geriatric homes, child care
institutions.

62
 PAPER II

APPLIED THEORIES, PHILOSOPHIES&GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES FOR PHYSIOTHERAPY IN

COMMUNITY HEALTH

1. Medical Anthropology & Global Health

a. Introduction to Medical Anthropology and Global Health
b. Cultural Anthropology and Its Relevance to Healthcare
c. Introduction to Ethno medicine
d. Anthropology of Women's Health
e. Anthropology and Child Development
f. Anthropology of Aging and Care
g. Anthropology of Disability

2. Introduction to Behavioral Medicine

a. Biopsychosocial approach to Health and Illness
b. Behavioral Influence on Health
c. Behavior Change Theories in Healthcare
d. Health Professionals’ Behavior and Healthcare Delivery
e. Application of Behavioral Medicine in Health Promotion & Disease Prevention
f. Role of Behavior Medicine in Healthcare Delivery for Chronic Neuromuscular,
Musculoskeletal and Non-Communicable Diseases
3. Health Education
a. Principles of and Rationale for Health Education
b. Communication Skills and Strategies in Health Education
c. Principles and Guidelines for Development of Health Information Education and
Communication Strategies

4. Community Health
a. Definition and Scope of Community Health
b. Consequences of Neglecting Community Health
c. Relevance of Community Health to Sustainable Development Goals
d. Principles of Community Health
e. Strategies for Promoting Community Health

5. Health Care Delivery System

a. Evolution of Health Care Delivery Systems
b. Components of Healthcare Delivery System
63
 c. Healthcare Delivery Systems in low- and High-Income Economies
d. Health Care Delivery System in India
e. Healthcare Access Disparities
f. Overview of Access to Physiotherapy Services
g. National Health Programs
h. Significance of Clinical care Pathways in Healthcare Access and Delivery

6. Technology in Healthcare Delivery

a. Role of Technology in Improving Access to Healthcare
b. Introduction to Health Informatics
c. Introduction to Telehealth
d. Remote Monitoring and Access to Healthcare

7. Disability & Health

a. Models of Disability
b. ICF Framework
c. Prevalence and Burden of Disability
d. Implications of Disability on Health and Wellbeing
e. Disability and Sustainable Development Goals

8. Disability Laws, Policies and Advocacy

a. Disability Rights Movement
b. Legislating for Disability Rights
c. International Conventions and Laws on Disability
d. National and State Laws, Rules and Regulations for Disability

9. Rehabilitation
a. Definition, Models, &Components
b. Rehabilitation as a Key Strategy for Health in 21st Century
c. Rehabilitation in Health Systems
d. Strengthening Health Systems to Improve Access to Rehabilitation Services
e. Access to Rehabilitation in Primary Health Care
f. Community Based Rehabilitation
g. Rehabilitation in Emergencies: Minimum Technical Standards and Recommendations
for Rehabilitation

10. Principles & Biomechanics of Assistive Technology and Products

a. Principles of Assistive Technology
b. Concept of Universal Design
c. Biomechanical considerations of mobility devices
d. Biomechanical Principles of Prosthetics and Orthotics

11. Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics

a. Common Physical Principles in Occupational Biomechanics and Ergonomics
b. Biomechanical Principles of Load Analysis
c. Biomechanics of Human Posture
d. Factors influencing Load Bearing Abilities of Human Body
e. Biomechanics of Lifting and Material Handling
f. Biomechanics of Overexertion injuries
64
 12. Gerontology
a. Aging and Population Health
b. Population Demographics with Aging
c. Aging and Disability
d. Theories of Aging
e. Physiological, Functional and Behavioral Changes with Aging

13. Health and gender

a. Gender Influence of Health Behavior and Outcomes
b. Anatomical and Physiological Changes Across the Life Span and their Implications for
Health and Functioning
c. Biomechanics during Pregnancy
d. Biomechanics of Pelvic Floor in aging and specific conditions including surgical
interventions
e. Health and the third gender
f. Body Image and Health Behaviors

14. Oncology
a. Overview of Cancer and its Primary Therapies
b. Health Behaviors during and after a Cancer Diagnosis
c. Impact of Cancer Diagnosis and its Therapies on Body Functioning, Activity and
participation
d. Lifestyle Medicine and Cancer Survivorship

PAPER III
ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK FOR PHYSIOTHERAPY SERVICE PROVISIONS IN COMMUNITY HEALTH

1. International Classification systems of disease and health

a. Relationship and Difference between ICD and ICF
b. ICF as a Universal Tool for Measuring Functioning in Society
c. ICF Applications: Service Provision, Policy Development, Economic Analysis, Research
Use

2. Outcome Measures for Physiotherapy in Community Health

a. Outcome Measures for Assessment of Body structure & Functioning
b. Outcome Measures for Assessment of Activity and Participation
c. Assessment of contextual factors and quality of life in various contexts

3. Assessment of Health Behavior Relevant to Physiotherapy Service Provision

a. Approaches to Health Behavior Assessment
b. Components of Health Behavior Assessment
c. Tools for Health Behavior Assessment
65
4. Health Education Assessment
a. Assessment for Health Literacy
b. Tools for Health Education Assessment
c. Patient Education Needs Assessment
d. Need Assessment for the Development of IEC Material

5. Assessment of Health Systems and Pathways

a. Overview of WHO Framework for Health System Performance Assessment
b. Clinical Pathways as a Healthcare Tool
c. Assessment of Clinical Care Pathways

6. Community Health Assessment Relevant to Physiotherapy Service Provision

a. Principles of Community Health Assessment

b. Community Health Assessment & Planning Models, Frameworks & Tools
c. Common Elements of Assessment and Planning Frameworks
d. Application of Community Health Assessment Strategies in Different Settings (Urban
and Rural Communities, Special Population Communities, Institutions, Industries,
Schools)

7. Physical Fitness Assessment

a. Relationship between Physical Fitness and Health

b. Components of Health-related Fitness
c. Factor influencing Physical Fitness Assessment
d. Methods and Tools for Health-related Fitness Assessment
e. Fitness Assessment in Special Population including individuals with Disabilities
f. Fitness Assessment in Resource-limited Settings

8. Disability and Rehabilitation

a. Assessment of disability Across Lifespan (Childhood Disability to Disability in the Elderly)

b. Methods of Disability Assessment
c. Rehabilitation Need Assessment of individuals and societies

9. Assistive Technology & Products

a. Assistive Technology Need Assessment Across Lifespan

b. Seating, assessment
c. Wheelchair prescription and Skills Assessment
d. Assessment for Orthotic Prescription
e. Assessment for Prosthetic Prescription
f. Assistive Technology Need Assessment for Inclusive Education
g. Assistive Technology Need Assessment for Physical Activity and Sports
h. Assessment for environment, adaptations and home access

10. Industrial Health and Ergonomics

66
 a. Assessment of Occupational Hazards (Physical hazards/ Biological Hazards/ Chemical
hazards/Mechanical hazards/ Psychological hazards)
b. Common Ergonomic Assessment Tools
c. Technology-enabled Ergonomic Assessment
d. Evaluation of Workplace Physical Demand
e. Return to Work Evaluation

11. Geriatrics

a. Health Behavior in Elderly

b. Multisystem Assessment
c. Assessment of Chronic Pain and Disability in Elderly
d. Assessment of Fall Risk and Frailty

12. Health and gender

a. Adolescent Health
b. Assessment of Pelvic Floor Integrity and Function
c. Antenatal &Postnatal Assessment
d. Assessment of infant care - participatory techniques
e. Aging and pelvic Health (incontinence, constipation, sexual function)

13. Oncology and Palliative Care

a. Health Behavior Change Assessment

b. Assessment for Pre-habilitation
c. Assessment for Cancer Related Fatigue and Pain
d. Evaluation of Complication of Cancer Therapies
e. Palliative Care Need Assessment

14. Accessibility Audit

a. Principles of Accessibility Audit

b. Guidelines for Accessibility Audit in Built Environment, Public Spaces& Access to
Technologies
c. Components of Accessibility Audit

PAPER IV
PLANNING AND MANAGEMENTFRAMEWORK FOR PHYSIOTHERAPY SERVICE PROVISIONS IN
COMMUNITY HEALTH

1. Improving Physiotherapy Service Provisions within Healthcare Delivery Pathways

a. Strategies for Developing Clinical Care Pathways

b. Strategies for Educating Healthcare Team Members on Service Provisions and Delivery
67
 c. Strategies for Communicating Evidence and Advocacy for Physiotherapy Service
provisions with Stakeholders (Government, Institutions, Professional Organizations,
Funding Bodies, Healthcare Providers, Patients &caregivers, and General population).
d. Translating Research Evidence to Practice within Healthcare Delivery Pathways
(National, State, Community & Institutional Care Pathways)

2. Health Promotion

a. Components of Health Promotion Interventions

b. Strategies for Health Promotion Interventions
c. Implementation and Monitoring of Health Promotion Interventions in different settings
(School, Workplace, Industries, Urban and Rural Communities)

3. Health Education

a. Design and Development of IEC Resources

b. Planning for IEC Interventions
c. Implementation and Monitoring of Health Education Interventions
d. Strategies for Effective Implementation of Health Education Interventions
e. Facilitators and Barriers to Implementation of Health Education Interventions
f. Training of Healthcare Providers, Caregivers and Community Workers and Volunteers in
Health Education Delivery

4. Behavioral and Community Health Approaches to Management of Chronic Neuromuscular,

Musculoskeletal and Non-Communicable Diseases

a. Facilitators and Barriers to Behavior Change Intervention

b. Principles & Strategies for Behavior Change Interventions
c. Guidelines for Behavior Change Initiation and Adherence Enhancing Strategies
d. Implementation and Monitoring of Behavior Change Intervention
e. Community-based Approaches towards Management and Care of Chronic Health
Impairments

5. Planning and Implementation of Rehabilitation Interventions

a. Sustainable Development Goals and Rehabilitation

b. WHO Recommendations on Rehabilitation in Health Systems
c. Rehabilitation in Health Systems-WHO Guide for Action
d. Delivery of Effective Rehabilitation Interventions Across Lifespan
e. Best Practices in Implementation of Rehabilitation Interventions

6. Community Based Approach to Healthcare

a. Community participations a Fundamental Component of Primary Health Care

b. Strategies for Community Engagement in Healthcare Delivery
c. Implementing Health Promotion through Community Participation
d. Evidence-based Strategies for Community Mobilization and Participation
e. Community-Based Rehabilitation as a Strategy within Community Development for
68
 People with Disabilities
f. Understanding and Implementing WHO CBR Guidelines
g. Planning and Management of CBR Programs

7. Assistive Technology and Products

a. Use of Assistive Technology across Lifespan
b. Integrating Universal Design Assistive Technology Products
c. Adapting WHO’s Eight-Step Wheelchair Service Provision for Assistive Technology
Prescription
d. WHO Priority Assistive Products List and National List of Essential Assistive Products
e. Guidelines for Prescription & Training of Orthosis and Prosthesis
f. Guidelines for adapted seating systems
g. Guidelines for Wheelchair Prescription& Training
h. Usability and aesthetics of Assistive Technologies

8. Industrial Health and Ergonomics

a. Workstation Modifications to Prevent Occupational Hazards

b. Ergonomic Interventions as a Treatment and Preventative Tool for Work-Related
Musculoskeletal Disorders
c. Principles of Work-hardening and Conditioning Programs
d. Return-to-Work Health and Fitness Programs
e. Education and Training of Employers & Employees in Ergonomic Solutions

9. Geriatrics

a. Implementation of Healthy Aging Programs

b. Components of Geriatric Care and Rehabilitation
c. Developing a Multi-component Geriatric Rehabilitation
d. Improving Geriatric Rehabilitation Service Provisions in Healthcare Delivery
e. Implementing Geriatric Rehabilitation Programs across Settings (In-patient, out-patient,
specialized institutions, communities)

10. Gender and Health

a. Health Promotion in Adolescents

b. Screening and Education Programs for lifestyle diseases
c. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and Management Across Lifespan
d. Exercise Programs for Improvement of ante natal, Post-Natal Health and Fitness
e. Management of Urinary& bowel Incontinence and other dysfunctions
f. Exercise Interventions for Health and Fitness specific to gender concerns (men, women
and third gender)

11. Oncology and Palliative care

a. Evidence Summary of Benefits of Physiotherapy Interventions in Cancer care

b. Integrating Physical Activity and Exercise as an Intervention Strategy across the
Spectrum of Cancer Care
c. Implementing Evidence-based Physiotherapy Interventions in Cancer Rehabilitation
69
 d. Physiotherapy Service Provisions in Palliative Care (Health Education, Improving Self-
efficacy, Pain management, Prescription of assistive technologies, Maintenance of ADL
and Functional Independence, Training of Caregivers)

REFERENCES
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to Clinical Practice. Springer Nature; 2020 Sep 4. ISBN: 978-3-030-48087-5
3. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 25th Edition 2019. Publisher:
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6. Shrawan Kumar. 2007 Biomechanics in Ergonomics 2nd Edition Taylor & Francis. eBook
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7. Katrin Kroemer Elbert Henrike Kroemer Anne D. Kroemer Hoffman 2018. Ergonomics:
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9780128132968
8. Susan B. O'Sullivan, Thomas J. Schmitz, George D. Fulk. 2014. Physical Rehabilitation,
6th edition. F.A. Davis Co. ISBN 9780803625792
9. Bharati Vijay Bellare, Pavithra Rajan, Unnati Nikhil Pandit. 2018. Textbook of Preventive
Practice and Community Physiotherapy. Vol 1 & 2. ISBN: 9789352703258 & ISBN:
9789352704033
10. Dale Avers, Rita Wong. Guccione's Geriatric Physical Therapy. 4th Edition 2019. Mosby.
ISBN: 9780323609128
11. Jill Mantle Jeanette Haslam Sue Barton. Physiotherapy in Obstetrics and Gynaecology
2nd Edition. 2004. Butterworth-Heinemann ISBN: 9780750622653
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13. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's exercise testing and prescription.
Lippincott williams & wilkins; 2017. ISBN/ISSN: 9781496339065
14. Mary M. Yoke and Carol Armbruster. Methods of Group Exercise Instruction. 2019.
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27. Goodman RA, Bunnell R, Posner SF. What is "community health"? Examining the
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28. Litwin, Adam Seth. 2020. Technological Change in Health Care Delivery: Its Drivers and
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Change-in-Health-Care-Delivery.pdf
29. Disability and the MillenniumDevelopment Goals: A Review of the MDG Process
andStrategies for Inclusion ofDisability Issues in Millennium Development GoalEfforts.
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ISBN-13: 978-92-1-055231-8. (Available from:
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30. The UN Report on Disability and Development 2018 – Realizing the SDGs by, for and
with persons with disabilities. Available from https://social.un.org/publications/UN-
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Final.pdf&https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/wp-
content/uploads/sites/15/2019/12/UN-Development-and-Disability-Report-v4.pdf
31. Ministry of Law and Justice. Legislative Department. THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS WITH
DISABILITIES ACT, 2016 http://legislative.gov.in/actsofparliamentfromtheyear/rights-
persons-disabilities-act-2016
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32. Government of India. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. Department of
Empowerment of Persons with disabilities. http://disabilityaffairs.gov.in/content/
33. Government of India. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. Department of
Empowerment of Persons with disabilities. Guidelines.
http://disabilityaffairs.gov.in/content/page/guidelines.php
34. Government of India. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Departments of Health And
Family Welfare. https://main.mohfw.gov.in/organisation/Departments-of-Health-and-
Family-Welfare
35. World Health Organization. Community health workers: What do we know about them.
Geneva: WHO Department of Human Resources for Health. 2007 Oct.
https://www.who.int/hrh/documents/community_health_workers.pdf
36. World Health Organization. How to use the ICF: A practical manual for using the
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Exposure draft for
comment. October 2013. Geneva: WHO. https://www.who.int/docs/default-
source/classification/icf/drafticfpracticalmanual2.pdf?sfvrsn=8a214b01_4
37. World Health Organization. Training in the community for people with disabilities 1989.
https://www.who.int/disabilities/publications/cbr/training/en/
38. Werner D, Thuman C, Maxwell J. Nothing about us without us. Developing innovative
technologies for, by and with disabled persons. Palo Alto: Healthwrights. 1998.
https://www.dinf.ne.jp/doc/english/global/david/dwe001/dwe00101.html
39. Werner D. Disabled village children. The Hesperian Fdn, Palo Alto. 1987.
https://www.dinf.ne.jp/doc/english/global/david/dwe002/dwe00201.html
40. World Health Organization. Rehabilitation Unit, World Confederation for Physical
Therapy & World Federation of Occupational Therapists. (1996). Promoting
independence following a spinal cord injury: a guide for mid-level rehabilitation
workers. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/63599
41. World Health Organization. Rehabilitation Unit. (1993). Promoting the development of
young children with cerebral palsy: a guide for mid-level rehabilitation workers. World
Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/62696
42. World Health Organization. Towards a common language for functioning, disability, and
health: ICF. The international classification of functioning, disability and health. 2002.
https://www.who.int/docs/default-
source/classification/icf/icfbeginnersguide.pdf?sfvrsn=eead63d3_4
43. ICF Browser. https://apps.who.int/classifications/icfbrowser/
44. World Health Organisation. Rehabilitation. https://www.who.int/health-
topics/rehabilitation#tab=tab_1
45. World Health Organization. "Rehabilitation in health systems." (2017).
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/rehabilitation-in-health-systems
46. World Health Organization, UNESCO, International Labour Organization & International
Disability Development Consortium. (2010). Community-based rehabilitation: CBR
guidelines. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44405
47. Ohio AT Network. Assistive Technology Resource Manual. February 2008.
https://assistedtechnology.weebly.com/uploads/3/4/1/9/3419723/at_guide.pdf
48. World Health Organization. Guidelines on the provision of manual wheelchairs in less
resourced settings. World Health Organization; 2008.
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/guidelines-on-the-provision-of-manual-
wheelchairs-in-less-resourced-settings
49. Khasnabis C, Mines K, World Health Organization. Wheelchair service training package:
basic level. World Health Organization; 2012
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 https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/78236
50. Gosney J, Mills JA. WHO’Minimum Technical Standards and Recommendations for
Rehabilitation, for Emergency Medical Teams’ Guidance: Development and Use.
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine. 2017 Apr;32(S1):S91-2.
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/emergency-medical-teams
51. World Health Organisation. Ageing and health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
52. World Health Organization. The global strategy and action plan on ageing and health.
2016. https://www.who.int/ageing/global-strategy/en/
53. Directorate General of Health Services. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Proposal
Of Strategies for Palliative Care in India. 2012. https://palliumindia.org/wp-
content/uploads/2020/05/National-Palliative-Care-Strategy-Nov_2012.pdf
54. Sushma Bhatnagar, Anil Paleri, Mayank Gupta, et al: Facilitator Guide, Training manual
for doctors and nurses under National Programme for Palliative Care. 2017.
https://dghs.gov.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/file/a/5127_1558685685054(1).pdf
55. National Programme for Palliative Care. Facilitator Guide for Community Health
Workers. 2019.
https://dghs.gov.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/file/a/5127_1558685693352(1).pdf
56. National Programme for Palliative Care. Handbook for Community Health Workers.
https://dghs.gov.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/file/a/5127_1558685700905(1).pdf
57. Jeba J, Atreya S, Chakraborty S, et al. Joint position statement Indian Association of
Palliative Care and Academy of Family Physicians of India - The way forward for
developing community-based palliative care program throughout India: Policy,
education, and service delivery considerations. J Family Med Prim Care. 2018;7(2):291-
302. doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_99_18
58. Campbell KL, Winters-Stone KM, Wiskemann J, et al. Exercise Guidelines for Cancer
Survivors: Consensus Statement from International Multidisciplinary Roundtable. Med
Sci Sports Exerc. 2019;51(11):2375-2390. https://journals.lww.com/acsm-
msse/Fulltext/2019/11000/Exercise_Guidelines_for_Cancer_Survivors_.23.aspx
59. Cormie P, Atkinson M, Bucci L, Cust A, Eakin E, Hayes S, McCarthy S, Murnane A,
Patchell S, Adams D. Clinical Oncology Society of Australia position statement on
exercise in cancer care. Med J Aust. 2018;209:184-187.
https://www.cancer.be/sites/default/files/cosa.pdf

Recommended Journal

1. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine

https://www.journals.elsevier.com/annals-of-physical-and-rehabilitation-medicine
2. Disability and Rehabilitation. https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/idre20
3. American Journal of Health Promotion. https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ahp
4. Clinical Rehabilitation. https://journals.sagepub.com/home/cre
5. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/archives-of-physical-medicine-and-
rehabilitation
6. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology
https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/iidt20
7. Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development. https://dcidj.org/
73
 8. Bulletin of the World Health Organization.
https://www.who.int/publications/journals/bulletin
9. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy. https://journals.lww.com/jgpt/pages/default.aspx
10. PTJ: Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Journal. https://academic.oup.com/ptj
11. Physiotherapy journal. https://www.journals.elsevier.com/physiotherapy
12. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development.
https://www.rehab.research.va.gov/jrrd/index.html
13. Journal of Women's Health Physical Therapy.
https://journals.lww.com/jwhpt/pages/default.aspx
14. Applied Ergonomics. https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/applied-ergonomics
15. Supportive Care in Cancer. https://www.springer.com/journal/520
16. Indian Journal of Palliative Care. https://www.jpalliativecare.com

FACULTY & INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

1. Minimum Faculty Position for MPT- Com program

a. Professor/ Associate Professor – ONE

b. Assistant Professor – ONE
c. Faculty must be recognized from the area of Community Health Specialty
d. Faculty position is inclusive from the minimum faculty position for BPT program

2. Minimum Infrastructure requirement

a. Affiliation with a hospital having Neurology department (with both in-patient and
out-patient facility) must be established if offering this elective

b. The center MUST have ALL the equipment and facilities mentioned under the
METHODS OF TRAINING in this ordinance for this specialty in consonance with Schedule
IV of the BPT Ordinance.
c. Community Outreach Facilities or Working MoU’s for Community Outreach Programs viz
i. Geriatric Homes
ii. Special Schools
iii. Regular Schools (for implementation of School Health Programs)
iv. Outreach Programs in Community Centers
v. Adoption of Rural Communities for Implementation of Community Health
Programs
vi. Liaison and MoU with Primary/Community Health Centers
vii. MoU with Engineering/Technology Institutions for Research and Innovation in
Assistive Technology
viii. Tie up with minimum of two employers who have various types of employments
including manual material handling, assembly line and sedentary jobs
ix. Transport Provisions for Field Visits and Outreach Activities

74
Master of Physiotherapy Movement Science MPT- MS
OBJECTIVES
On Completion of the course, the post graduate will be able to

1. Use expertise in biological movement in analyzing, interpreting and prescribing movement

related information and exercise prescription in health and wellness excluding professional
athletes and sports
2. Be competent researchers in fundamental areas of physiotherapy practice. E.g. India
specific functions, client preferences.
3. Be able to demonstrate the following competencies.
a. Decision making:
i. Choose a course of action from various alternatives using a reasoned process to
achieve intended goals.
ii. Make Decisions in a complex setting to achieve intended goals using a structured
process and multiple sources of available information.
b. Communication:
i. Convey and exchange thoughts, ideas and information [clients, Colleagues etc]
effectively through various mediums and approaches.
ii. Articulate and discuss ideas and persuade others to achieve common outcomes.
c. Skills: have current skills to undertake the necessary job responsibilities and update
them as required.
d. Safety: consider the safety of the patient/client, themselves and other stakeholders at
all times.
e. Ethics: adhere to ethical guidelines of interaction at all times in all situations.

SCOPE OF PRACTICE
Movement Specialist will be able to use expertise in biological movement in analyzing, interpreting and
prescribing movement related information and exercise prescription in health and wellness excluding
professional athletes and sports. This may include disabled population who are not currently ill. The
Movement therapist will be competent in research related to the fundamental areas of physiotherapy
practice such as functions specific to Indian population and Indian work settings and preferences of clients.
Movement Specialists have a scope of working as diagnosticians, researchers, academicians, as adjunct
members of health promotion teams, fitness experts in public health (school, offices), Biomechanists, and
Exercise physiologist (under sports authority of India). Using their leadership qualities and knowledge in

75
 kinesiology and movement functions, movement therapists have a major role as academicians and clinical
experts in physiotherapy colleges; Working in interdisciplinary areas that deal with human movement and its
applications e.g. assistive technology divisions, ergonomic product manufacturers, as a consultant is also in
the scope of practice. The therapists will be well versed in research and recent advances in the fields of
kinesiology, movement dysfunction, ergonomics, etc. Since the expertise lies in the field of movement, the
workings of the Gait and biomechanical laboratories is understood best by movement specialists.

PAPER II
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF MOVEMENT AND ITS DYSFUNCTION

1. Anatomical and physiological basis of movement

a. Growth and development of all systems

b. Anatomy – embryology, gross anatomy
c. Functional anatomy and physiology related to nerve, cardio vascular, respiratory, gastro
intestinal, renal, endocrine, CNS, motor system
d. Energy systems.
e. Biochemical processes involving energy systems, nutrition and its role in health, oxygen
transport, aerobic and anaerobic systems.
f. Physical and anatomical parameters of movement during function and physical activity.

2. Motor control and its influence on movement

a. Motor control and development, and degeneration in health and disease
b. Nature and control of movement- theories.
c. Physiological basis of motor learning and function.
d. Postural control.
e. Control of mobility.
f. Reach, grasp and manipulation.
g. Movement within the framework of motor control theories and their application to
function, learning, occupations and physical activity.
h. Motor control theories as applied to movement dysfunction and remediation in function,
physical activity and occupation.

3. Growth development and degeneration of movement

a. Aging and its effect on all systems and the impact on movement and physical activity and
exercise.
b. Theories and application of motor control and learning lifespan perspective in order to
identify normal maturation and aging versus dysfunction.
c. Movement development based on environmental influences and growth and development.
d. Movement adaptations with aging and anthropometry and environmental influences
76
 including work.

4. Exercise physiology, Electrophysiology

a. Nutrition and energy transfer mechanism

b. Physiological processes during exercise/ physical activity in
c. Pulmonary system
d. Cardiovascular system
e. Neuromuscular system
f. Endocrine system

PAPER III
MEASUREMENT AND ASSESSMENT IN MOVEMENT

1. Exercise testing, prescription, determinants and reasoning.

a. Exercise training and adaptations in functional capacity

b. Factors affecting function, performance- evaluation and analysis using laboratory tests and
field tests, interpretation based on age, gender, race and other factors
c. Reasoning for relevant tests and methods
d. Understanding of potential safety concerns and precautions

2. Biomechanics and kinesiology

a. Biomechanics of tissues and musculoskeletal structures

b. Biomechanics of joints
c. Posture, balance and gait
d. Biomechanical adaptations to exercise/ aging
e. Testing and analysis of kinetic, spatial, temporal and kinematic parameters and energetics
using instrumented methods, scales. Reasoning for choice of tests and methods of tests
f. Analysis of fundamental movement skills

3. Application in complex functions

a. Analysis of posture,
b. Gait,
c. Balance,
d. Higher motor activities using instrumented and self reported measures- choice and
interpretations of methods and tests
e. Ergonomic evaluation

PAPER IV

77
 MOVEMENT REMEDIATION

1. Psycho-social aspects of exercise and movement culture, preferences, societal barriers

a. Ecological adaptations and maladaptation: influences of beliefs, culture, life roles and
societal influences
b. Health culture and practices specific to physical activity with relevance to various parts of
India
c. Cultural and historical conditions shaping practices with respect to various social groups in
India (geography/ gender/ ability/ age) factors driving nutrition, health, activity beliefs
d. Commercialization of health: changing beliefs, attitudes towards health and activity
e. Counselling methods of psycho social aspects of movement and exercise

2. Occupational biomechanics

a. Epidemiology of occupational disorders- various groups of disorders – manual material

handling, sedentary work, prolonged postures

b. Occupational biomechanical modelling- using existing models that predict low back pain,
neck pain, and other work-related musculoskeletal disorders
i. Planar Static Biomechanical Models: - Single-Body-Segment Static Model, Two-
Body-Segment Static Model, Static Planar Model of Nonparallel Forces, Planar
Static Analysis of Internal Forces and Multiple-link Coplanar Static Modelling.
ii. Three-dimensional Modelling of Static Strength.
iii. Dynamic Biomechanical Models: -Single-Segment Dynamic Biomechanical Model,
Multiple-Segment Biodynamic Model of Load Lifting and Coplanar Biomechanical
Models of Foot Slip Potential While Pushing a Cart.
iv. Special-purpose Biomechanical Models of Occupational Task: -Low-Back
Biomechanical Models, Biomechanical Models of the Wrist and Hand and
Modelling Muscle Strength.

c. Methods of evaluating work capacity including instrumented and self-reported methods

i. Introduction.
ii. Joint Motion: Methods and Data, Methods of Measuring Joint Motion,
Normal Ranges of Joint Motion and Factors Affecting Range-of-Motion Data.
iii. Muscle Strength Evaluation: Definition of Muscular Strength, Static and Dynamic
Strength-Testing Methods, Population Muscle Strength Values and Personal
Factors Affecting Strength.
iv. Limitations of Mechanical Work-Capacity Data.

d. Anthropometry and its role in work- assessment of anthropometry and matching person to
job description methods- instrumentation
Measurement of Physical Properties of Body Segments:
i. Body-Segment Link Length Measurement Methods.
ii. Body-Segment Volume and Weight.
iii. Body-Segment Locations of Center of Mass.
iv. Body-Segment Inertial Property Measurement Methods.
Anthropometric Data for Biomechanical Studies in Industry:
i. Segment Link Length Data.
78
 ii. Segment Weight Data.
iii. Segment Mass-Center Location Data.
iv. Segment Moment-of-inertia and Radius-of-Gyration Data.

e. Bioinstrumentation in occupation with relevance to manual material handling, sedentary

and prolonged postures
i. Introduction.
ii. Human Motion Analysis Systems: Basis for Measuring Human Motion.
iii. Muscle Activity Measurement: Applied Electromyography, Mechanomyography
and Intra Muscular Pressure.
iv. Muscle Strength Measurement Systems: Localized Static Strength Measurement
Systems, Whole-body Static Strength Measurement System and Whole-body
Dynamic Strength Measurement System.
v. Intradiscal Pressure Measurement: Measurement Concept, Intradiscal Pressure
Measurement System and Applications and Limitations in Occupational
Biomechanics.
vi. Intra-abdominal (Intragastric) Measurements: - Measurement Development,
Measurement System, Applications and Limitations in Occupational Biomechanics.
vii. Seat Pressure Measurement Systems
viii. Stature Measurement System.
ix. Force Platform System.
x. Foot and Hand Force Measurement Systems.
xi. Measurement of Vibration in Humans.

f. Workplace design- principles of occupational and cognitive ergonomics

i. Introduction.
ii. Localized Musculoskeletal Injury in Industry.
iii. Practical Guidelines for Workplace and Machine Control Layout.- Structure-
Function Characteristics of the Shoulder Mechanism, Shoulder-Dependent
Overhead Reach Limitations, Shoulder-and Arm-Dependent Forward Reach Limits.,
Neck/Head Posture Work Limitations, torso Postural Considerations in Workbench
Height Limitations and Biomechanical Considerations in the Design of Computer
Workstations.

g. Hand tool design- design principles for user comfort and efficiency
i. The Need for Biomechanical Concepts in Design.
ii. Shape and Size Considerations- Shape for Avoiding Wrist Deviation, Shape for
Avoiding Shoulder Abduction, Shape to Assist Grip, Size of Tool Handle to Facilitate
Grip, Finger Clearance Considerations and Gloves.
iii. Hand-Tool Weight and Use Considerations.
iv. Force Reaction Considerations in Powered Hand-tool Design.
v. Keyboard Design Considerations - Posture Stress and Keying Exertion Force
Repetition.
h. Product design: ergonomics principles of user comfort

i. Personal protective equipment, training and selection of workers- principles and reasoning
parameters to prevent injury and increase efficiency.

3. Movement remediation methods in disease and dysfunction

79
 a. Health beliefs and participatory methods of movement remediation
b. Cognitive behavioral therapy in movement dysfunction
c. Physical activity promotion methods to remediate movement dysfunction
d. Methods of integrating fundamental movement skills

REFERENCES

Recommended Books
1. Anthropology and public health: bridging differences in culture and society. Hahn &Inhorn,
2nd ed. Oxford University press,2009.
2. Essential ultrasound anatomy. Loukas & Burns. Wolters Kluver 2019.
3. Performance psychology: a practitioner’s guide. Richards & Abbot. Churchill Livingstone
2011.
4. Comparative Quantification of Health Risks Global and Regional Burden of Disease
Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors Volume 1 Edited by Majid Ezzati, Alan D. Lopez,
Anthony Rodgers and Christopher J.L. Murray. WHO 2004.
5. Biochemistry primer for exercise science. Houston. Human Kinetics 2006.
6. Motor control: translating research into clinical practice. Shumway-Cook &Woollaccot. 5th
ed. Lippincott Williams& Wilkins. 2016.
7. Exercise physiology nutrition energy and human performance. McArdle. 8ed, Lippincott
Williams& Wilkins. 2015.
8. Methods for Community-Based Participatory Research for Health. Israel, Eng , Schulz,
Parker, editors; 2nd Ed. Jossey-Bass 2012.
9. Qualitative Methods in Public Health: A Field Guide for Applied Research.
Tolley, Ulin, Mack, Robinson , Succop. 2nd Ed. Jossey-Bass. 2016.
10. Biomechanical analysis of fundamental human movements. Chapman. Human Kinetics
2008.
11. Principles of Biomechanics & Motion Analysis. Griffiths. Lippincott Williams& Wilkins 2005.
12. Joint Structure and Function: A Comprehensive Analysis. Pamela K. Levangie Cynthia C.
Norkin. 6th edition ;
13. Burnstrom’s Clinical Kinesiology . Peggy A. Houglum and Dolores B. Bertoti ;6th edition
;2011
14. Basic Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System.Margareta Nordin , Victor H. Frankel.
Wolters Kluwer; 4 edition .2012
15. Kinesiology-The Mechanics And Pathomechanics Of Human Movement" Carol.A.Oatis,
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 3rd edition edition 2016
16. Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement.David A. Winter ; John Wiley &
Sons; 4th edition ; 2009
17. Motor Control and Learning: A Behavioral Emphasis. Richard A. Schmidt , Tim Lee , Carolee
Winstein , Gabriele Wulf, Howard N. Zelaznik ; 6th Edition
18. Clinical Exercise Physiology .Jonathan K Ehrman, Paul M. Gordon,
19. Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance: Edward T.
80
 Howley Scott K. Powers
20. Exercise Physiology: Nutrition, Energy, and Human Performance . McArdle PhD, William D.,
Katch, Frank I., Katch, Victor L.
21. Exercise Physiology for Health Fitness and Performance. Sharon Plowman and Denise Smith
22. Physiology of Sport and Exercise + Web Study Guide . W. Larry Kenney, Jack Wilmore,et
23. Advanced Fitness Assessment and Exercise Prescription. Ann L. Gibson , Dale R.
Wagner , Vivian H. Heyward , Eighth Edition
24. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription by American College of Sports
Medicine
25. Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation: Including Pathophysiology and Clinical
Applicationsby Karlman Wasserman MD PhD, James E. Hansen MD, et al.
26. Exercise Testing and Interpretation: A Practical Approach . Christopher B.
Cooper and Thomas W. Storer
27. Occupational Biomechanics .Don B. Chaffin , Gunnar B. J. Andersson, et al.
28. Tissue Mechanics ; Stephen C. Cowin and Stephen B. Doty
29. Biomechanics in Ergonomics .Shrawan Kumar
30. Ergonomics: How to Design for Ease and Efficiency. K.H.E. Kroemer , H.B. Kroemer, et al
31. Working Postures and Movements: Tools for Evaluation and Engineering (Ergonomics and
Human Factors) . Nico J. Delleman, Christine M. Haslegrave, et al.
32. Introduction to Ergonomics- R.S.Brdger CRC press

URL
1. https://www.acsm.org/
2. https://www.bcpe.org/

Recommended Journals
1. The ergonomist
2. Journal of Occupational Health
3. Motor Control
4. Journal of ergonomic Research
5. Clinical Biomechanics
6. Clinical electrophysiology
7. Nutrition and health.
8. Journal of Biomechanics.
9. The journal of exercise physiology

FACULTY & INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

1. Minimum Faculty Position for MPT- Com program

a. Professor/ Associate Professor – ONE

b. Assistant Professor – ONE
c. Faculty must be recognized from the area of Musculoskeletal Science, Sports,
Neurophysiotherapy or Community Health
d. Faculty position is inclusive from the minimum faculty position for BPT program

81
2. Minimum Infrastructure requirement

a. The center MUST have ALL the equipment and facilities mentioned under the
METHODS OF TRAINING in this ordinance for this specialty in consonance with Schedule
IV of the BPT Ordinance.

b. In addition to the existing BPT labs we require the following,

i. 1200 sqft for advanced biomechanics
ii. 1200 Sqft for Ergonomic

c. Equipment:
i. Advanced Biomechanics Lab viz Force plates to differentially analyse right and left; Basic
high speed camera for kinematics analysis- 2; Infrared sensors; Accelerometer and
Gyrometer- 2; Dynamic EMG; Testing Treadmill; Oxygen analyser; Hand Held
Dynamometer.
ii. Ergonomic Lab: Furniture to simulate various job including load carrying, sedentary
work and loading at different heights
d. The infrastructure is for Minimum of one and maximum of 10 students.
e. A working MOU’s for Lab facilities above will be acceptable for First Five Years.
i. Tie up with minimum of 2 employers who have various types of employments including
manual material handling, assembly line and sedentary jobs
ii. Facility for Ultrasound guided anatomy (institution/lab/standalone)

APPENDIX

GRADED RESPONSIBILITY IN CARE OF PATIENTS AND OPERATIVE WORK

(Structured Training Schedule of clinical & specialty subjects only)

Category I-year MPT II-year MPT

O 20 cases 20 cases

A 20 cases 30 cases

PA 100 cases 60 cases

PI 20 cases 50 cases

Key: O- Observer
A- Assisted a more senior Physiotherapist
PA – Performed procedure under the direct supervision of a senior specialist
PI- Performed Independently

Teaching Activities – UG Teaching

Learning Activities: Self Learning, Use of computers & library
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 Participation in departmental activities;
a. Journal Review meetings Minimum six in two years

b. Seminars Minimum four in two years

c. Clinical presentation Minimum 25 cases in two years

d. Special clinics Minimum 20 cases in two years

e. Inter departmental meetings Minimum 5 cases in two years

f. Community work, camps/ field visits Minimum four case in two years

g. Clinical rounds Minimum 250 in two years

h. Dissertation work Minimum 200 hours in 2 years

i. Participation in conferences/presentation of Minimum 2 in two years

paper

j. Any other – Specify (eg. CME)

TABLE - 1

MODEL CHECK-LIST FOR EVALUATION OF JOURNAL REVIEW PRESENTATIONS

Name of the Student : ………………………………….

Name of Faculty / Observer : ………………………………….

Date : ………………………………….
Below Very
Items for observation during Poor Average Good
Sl.No Average Good
presentation (0) (2) (3)
(1) (4)

1. Article chosen was

Extent of understanding the scope &

2.
objectives of the paper by the candidate
Whether cross references have been
3.
consulted
Whether other relevant publications
4.
consulted
Ability to respond to questions on the
5.
paper / subject

6. Audio – Visual aids used

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 7. Ability to defend the paper

8. Clarity of presentation

9. Any other observation

Total Score

TABLE - 2

MODEL CHECK-LIST FOR EVALUATION OF SEMINAR PRESENTATIONS

Name of the Student : ………………………………….

Name of Faculty / Observer : ………………………………….

Date : ………………………………….

Below Very
Items for observation during Average Good
Sl.No Poor (0) Average Good
presentation (2) (3)
(1) (4)
Whether other relevant publications
1.
consulted
Whether cross references have been
2.
consulted

3. Completeness of preparation

4. Clarity of presentation

5. Understanding of subject

6. Ability of answer questions

7. Time scheduling

8. Appropriate use of Audio – Visual aids

9. Overall performance

84
 10. Any other observations

Total Score

TABLE - 3

MODEL CHECK-LIST FOR EVALUATION OF CLINICAL WORK

Name of the Student : ………………………………….

Name of Faculty / Observer : ………………………………….

Date : ………………………………….

Below Very
Items for observation during Average Good
Sl.No Poor (0) Average Good
presentation (2) (3)
(1) (4)

1. Regularity of attendance

2. Punctuality

Interaction with colleagues and

3.
supportive staff

4. Maintenance of case records

5. Presentation of cases during rounds

6. Investigations of work up

7. Beside manners

8. Rapport with patients

9. Treatment approaches & techniques

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10. Overall quality of ward work

Total Score

TABLE - 4

EVALUATION FOR CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Name of the Student : ………………………………….

Name of Faculty / Observer : ………………………………….

Date : ………………………………….

Below Very
Average Good
Sl.No Points to be considered Poor (0) Average Good
(2) (3)
(1) (4)

1. Completeness of History

2. Whether all relevant points elicited

3. Clarity of presentation

4. Logical order

Mentioned all positive and negative

5.
points of importance
Accuracy of general physical
6.
examination
Whether all physical signs missed or
7.
misinterpreted
Whether any major signs missed or
8.
misinterpreted
Diagnosis – Whether it follows logically
9.
from history & findings
Investigations required Special
10.
investigation
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 11. AIMS

12. MEANS

13. Treatment Techniques

14. Others

Grand Total

TABLE - 5

MODEL CHECK-LIST FOR EVALUATION OF TEACHING SKILL PRACTICE

Name of the Student : ………………………………….

Name of Faculty / Observer : ………………………………….

Date : ………………………………….

Sl.No. Details Strong Point Weak Point

1. Communication of the purpose of the talk

2. Evokes audience interest in the subject

3. The introduction

4. The sequence of ideas

The use of practical examples & / or

5.
illustrations
Speaking style (enjoyable, monotonous,
6.
etc., -Specify)

7. Attempts audience participation

8. Summary of the main points at the end

9. Asks questions

10. Answer questions asked by the audience

11. Rapport of speaker with his audience

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 12. Effectiveness of the talk

13. Uses Audio visual aids appropriately

MODEL CHECK LIST FOR DISSERTATION PRESENTATION

Name of the Student : ………………………………….

Name of Faculty / Observer : ………………………………….

Date : ………………………………….

Below Very
Average Good
Sl.No Points to be considered Poor (0) Average Good
(2) (3)
(1) (4)

1. Interest shown in selecting a topic

2. Appropriate review of literature

3. Discussion with guide & other faculty

4. Quality of protocol

5. Preparation of proforma

Grand Total

88
 TABLE - 7

CONTINUOUS EVALUATION OF DISSERTATION WORK BY GUIDE

Name of the Student : ………………………………….

Name of Faculty / Observer : ………………………………….

Date : ………………………………….

Below Very
Items for observation during Average Good
Sl.No Poor (0) Average Good
presentation (2) (3)
(1) (4)

1. Periodic consultation with guide

2. Regular collection of case material

3. Depth of analysis / discussion

4. Departmental presentation of findings

5. Quality of final output

6. Others

Total Score

Source: Regulations and Curricula for Postgraduate Degree and diploma courses in Medical Sciences, RGUHS,
89
Karnataka.

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