2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Title: Application of Rock Typing in Static and
Dynamic Reservoir Characterization
Case Study: Rock-typing of Middle East Onshore Yamama Carbonate Reservoir
Speaker：Fatemeh Sadat Masoumi
Organization: Shiraz University, Iran
Authors: Hassan Aharipour, Fatemeh Sadat Masoumi
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Yamama Reservoir Stratigraphy Sequence
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
⚫ A Well log Evaluation of yamama Reservoir (Middle Yamama)
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
⚫ Yamama Rock Typing
• Facies is a general term used to classify rocks which have
some properties in common based on core description and
under the microscope Such as: mineralogy, texture, fossil content, and
depositional environment.
• Dunham’s classification is popular and his classification
was simple and applied.
• The litho- facies could be considered as sedimentary rock type.
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
⚫ Yamama Rock Types
Rock Type-1:
The bad rock-type, where the effective Porosity is very
low and water saturation very high.
This rock type represents a bad reservoir quality, and it
coincides with Mud-stone Microfacies and wackestone
and micro port type.
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Rock Type-1:
• The bad rock-type, where the effective Porosity is very low and water saturation
very high
• This rock type represents a bad reservoir quality, and It coincides with Mud-stone
Microfacies and wackestone and micro port type.
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Rock Type-2:
• Represents bad to moderate rock type.
• The effective Porosity is low and Water saturation most-likely high (Sw>40)
•This type reflects a moderate quality of reservoir and coincides with Microfacies
type: Algal wackestone - packstone Microfacies and Bioclastic wackestone -
packstone, meso port type.
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Rock Type-3:
• Represents moderate to good type of limestone rock,
• The average effective Porosity: 10 %
• Moderate water saturation: 35–45%.
• This rock type represents a moderate to good reservoir quality and coincides with
Microfacies type and packstone - grainstone and Macro port type..
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Rock Type-4:
• Represents good to a very good type of limestone rock
• The effective Porosity: more than 10 %
• Water saturation: less than 35%.
• This type coincides with Microfacies type of oolitic-grainstone
• Mega port type, within a low irreducible water saturation (Swi).
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Reservoir Flow Unit (FZI) method
• Hydraulic flow unit (HFU’s) is defined as mappable zones
and correlate within a reservoir rock type which control fluid
flow.
• This concept is strongly related to flow zone indicators (FZI)
which are unique parameters characterizing each hydraulic
flow unit.
• In cored wells the core porosity and permeability were used
for calculating rock quality index (RQI) and free zone
indicator (FZI).
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Reservoir Flow Unit (FZI) method
• 4 rock groups feed to the program based on thin sections
microscopy study.
• The rock quality index (RQI-PhiZ) and normalized porosity
(Phi/1-Phi) cross plot was used for calculation of FZI, which
the FZI is the intercept curves where meet PhiZ=1.
• The storage capacity versus flow capacity plot (Lorenz
probability plot) used for separating flow units based on FZI.
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Yamama Por-Perm relationship in cored well
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Cluster Analysis Method
• The log data are analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA).
• The program run to find the uniqueness based on a similar set of measurements
and create the HRA classification.
• The full-set log use as input data and following standard deviation and mean
value of each data calculated.
• The k-means use for clustering and minimize the distance between each
data point and the center of each defined cluster and to maximize the
distance between the centroid of each cluster.
2021国际石油石化技术油会议
International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2021
Cluster analysis of Yamama Formation
