International Journal of Computer Discovered Mathematics (IJCDM)

ISSN 2367-7775 IJCDM

c
2017, Volume 2, pp.30-34
Received 10 January 2017. Published on-line 20 January 2017
web: http://www.journal-1.eu/
The
c Author(s) This article is published with open access1.

A Note on the Leversha Point

Sava Grozdeva , Hiroshi Okumurab and Deko Dekovc 2
a
VUZF University of Finance, Business and Entrepreneurship,
Gusla Street 1, 1618 Sofia, Bulgaria
e-mail: [email protected]
b
Department of Mathematics, Yamato University, Osaka, Japan
e-mail: [email protected]
c
Zahari Knjazheski 81, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
e-mail: [email protected]
web: http://www.ddekov.eu/

Abstract. We find the barycentric coordinates and new properties of the Lever-
sha point in the triangle geometry.
Keywords. triangle geometry, Leversha point, computer-discovered mathemat-
ics, Euclidean geometry.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 51-04, 68T01, 68T99.

1. Introduction

In accordance with Leversha [6] the internal center of similitude of the circumcircle
of the Kosnita and tangential triangles is a significant triangle point. We call this
point the Leversha point. Note that at present time the Leversha point is not
included in the Kimberling’s ETC [5], the 11188 points edition of 2016. In this
note we find the barycentric coordinates and new properties of the Leversha point.
Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the Leversha point. In figures 1 and 2, ABC is the
reference triangle, OaObOc is the Kosnita triangle, c1 is the circumcircle of the
Kosnita triangle, K is the circumcenter of the Kosnita triangle, TA TB TC is the
tangential triangle, c2 is the circumcircle of the tangential triangle, T is the cir-
cumcenter of the tangential triangle, and P is the internal center of similitude of
circles c1 and c2 .
In the list of notable points, given in [6], pages xxiii-xxvi, there are two additional
points which are not identified as Kimberling points. These ate the points Π1 and
1This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original
author(s) and the source are credited.
2Corresponding author
30
 Sava Grozdev, Hiroshi Okumura and Deko Dekov 31

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Π2 . Here we note that these two points are the Kimberling points X(7488) and
X(186), respectively.
We use barycentric coordinates. We refer the reader to [11], [1], [5], [2], [3], [4],
[7], [8], [9], [10].

2. Kosnita Triangle

Here we calculate the barycentric coordinates of the Kosnita triangle. The reader
may find the definition of the Kosnita triangle e.g. in [6].
32 A Note on the Leversha Point

Theorem 2.1. The barycentric coordinates of the Kosnita triangle OaObOc are
as follows:
Oa = (a2 (a4 + b4 + c4 − 2a2 b2 − 2a2 c2 ),
−b2 (a4 + b4 − 2a2 b2 − a2 c2 − b2 c2 ),
−c2 (a4 + c4 − 2a2 c2 − a2 b2 − b2 c2 )).
Ob = (a2 (a4 + b4 − 2a2 b2 − a2 c2 − b2 c2 ),
−b2 (a4 + b4 + c4 − 2a2 b2 − 2b2 c2 ),
c2 (b4 + c4 − 2b2 c2 − a2 b2 − a2 c2 )).
Oc = (a2 (a4 + c4 − 2a2 c2 − a2 b2 − b2 c2 ),
b2 (b4 + c4 − 2b2 c2 − a2 b2 − a2 c2 ),
−c2 (a4 + b4 + c4 − 2a2 c2 − 2b2 c2 )).

Proof. The Kosnita triangle OaObOc and the tangential triangle T aT bT c are ho-
mothetic with center of homothety the circuncenter of triangle ABC and ratio
2 (see e.g Laversha [6], Theorem 12.14). Hence, we can calculate the vertices
Oa, Ob and Oc as midpoints of segments OT a, OT b and OT c, by using the mid-
point formula (14), [2]. The barycentric coordinate of the Circumcenter O and the
Tangential triangle T aT bT c are given in [11], pages 26 and 54, respectively. An-
other way is we to use the formula for homothety (17), [2], or to use the definition
of the Kosnita triangle. 

3. Leversha Point

Theorem 3.1. The barycentric coordinates of the Leversha Point P = (uP, bP, cP )
are as follows:
uP = a2 (3a8 − 6a6 b2 − 6a6 c2 + 4b2 c2 a4 − 2a2 b2 c4 − 2a2 b4 c2 + 6a2 b6 + 6a2 c6
−3c8 − 2b4 c4 − 3b8 + 4b6 c2 + 4b2 c6 ),
vP = b2 (3b8 − 6b6 c2 − 6a2 b6 + 4a2 b4 c2 − 2b2 c2 a4 − 2a2 b2 c4 + 6b2 c6 + 6a6 b2
−3a8 − 2c4 a4 − 3c8 + 4a2 c6 + 4a6 c2 ),
wP = c2 (3c8 − 6a2 c6 − 6b2 c6 + 4a2 b2 c4 − 2a2 b4 c2 − 2b2 c2 a4 + 6a6 c2 + 6b6 c2
−3b8 − 2a4 b4 − 3a8 + 4a6 b2 + 4a2 b6 ).

Proof. We use use the definition of the Leversha point and the barycentric coor-
dinates of Kosnita triangle, given in Theorem 2.1. 

The text two theorems and give alternative ways for finding the barycentric coor-
dinates of the Leversha point. In order to find the barycentric coordinates of the
Leversha point, we have to use the homothety formula (17), [2] in Theorem 3.2
and the internal division formula (12), [2] in Theorem 3.3.
Theorem 3.2. The Leversha Point is the Image of the Center of the Tangential
Circle under the Homothety with Center at the Circumcenter and Ratio 2:3.
Theorem 3.3. The Leversha Point is the Point Dividing Internally the Directed
Segment from the Circumcenter to the Circumcenter of the Tangential Triangle in
the Ratio of 2:1.
 Sava Grozdev, Hiroshi Okumura and Deko Dekov 33

Figure 3.

Theorem 3.4. The Laversha Point lies on the Image of the Brocard Circle under
the Homothety with Center the Center of the Tangential Circle and Ratio 1:3.
Theorem 3.5. The Laversha Point lies on the Image of the Lester Circle under
the Homothety with Center the Center of the Tangential Circle and Ratio 1:3.

Figure 4.

Figure 3 illustrates Theorem 3.4. In figure 3, T is the center of Tangential circle, c1

is the Brocard circle, M is the center of the Brocard circle, O is the circumcenter
of triangle ABC, c2 is the image of the Brocard circle under homothety with
center T and ratio 1:3, N is the center of circle c1 , and L is the Leversha point.
Point L lies on circle c2 .
34 A Note on the Leversha Point

Figure 4 illustrates Theorem 3.5. In figure 4, T is the center of Tangential circle,

c1 is the Lester circle, M is the center of the Lester circle, O is the circumcenter
of triangle ABC, c2 is the image of the Lester circle under homothety with center
T and ratio 1:3, N is the center of circle c1 , and L is the Leversha point. Point L
lies on circle c2 .
We recommend the reader to generalize theorems 3.4 and 3.5 to the case where
the circumcenter O lies on an arbitrary circle.

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