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Earth & Life Science

Animal and plant cells both have a nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. However, plant cells also contain a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. The main differences are that animal cells lack a cell wall and chloroplasts, while plant cells can perform photosynthesis using chloroplasts. Both cell types carry out basic functions like cellular respiration, but plant cells uniquely perform photosynthesis using chloroplasts to produce food.

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Yhazmeen Lily Librodo
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493 views14 pages

Earth & Life Science

Animal and plant cells both have a nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. However, plant cells also contain a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. The main differences are that animal cells lack a cell wall and chloroplasts, while plant cells can perform photosynthesis using chloroplasts. Both cell types carry out basic functions like cellular respiration, but plant cells uniquely perform photosynthesis using chloroplasts to produce food.

Uploaded by

Yhazmeen Lily Librodo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Earth and Life

Science
Animal Cell and Plant Cell
What is an Animal Cell?
Animal tissues and organs are made
up of fundamental structural and
functional units called animal cells.
They're eukaryotic cells, which
means they're multicellular. Animal
cells, unlike prokaryotic cells, have
membrane-bound organelles
floating in the cytoplasm, which are
encased by a plasma membrane.
What is a Plant Cell?
Plant cell, the basic unit of all plants.
Plant cells, like animal cells, are
eukaryotic, meaning they have a
membrane-bound nucleus and
organelles.
Plant cells are eukaryotic cells
present in green plants,
photosynthetic eukaryotes of the
kingdom Plantae.
What is the difference between
Animal cells and Plant Cell?
Animal cells lack a cell wall, but plant cells do. Animal cells lack
chloroplasts, but plant cells do. Plants need chloroplasts to
accomplish photosynthesis, which allows them to produce food. Plant
cells often have one or more big vacuoles, whereas animal cells, if
any, have smaller vacuoles.
A huge, isolated vacuole exists in each plant cell, which is utilized for
storing and preserving the cell's structure. Animal cells, on the other
hand, have a lot of tiny vacuoles. Plant cells have a cell membrane and
a cell wall. There is no cell wall in animal cells, only a cell membrane.
What is the difference between
Animal cells and Plant Cells in Parts?
A nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, and cell membrane are all
present in both animal and plant cells. A vacuole, chloroplast,
and cell wall are three additional components found in plant
cells.
Animal cells each have a centrosome and lysosomes, whereas
plant cells do not. Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and
other specialized plastids, and a large central vacuole, whereas
animal cells do not
Animals are made up of millions of cells. Animal cells have an
irregular structure and are made up of four key parts:
Nucleus – This contains genetic material (DNA), and controls
the cell's activity.
Cell membrane – A flexible layer that surrounds the cell and
controls the substances that enter and exit.
Cytoplasm – A jelly-like substance where the chemical
reactions happen.
Mitochondria – This is where energy is released from the food
molecules.
Plant cells Plants are also made up of millions of cells. Plant
cells have a nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and
mitochondria too, but they also contain the following
structures:
Cell wall – A hard layer outside the cell membrane, containing
cellulose to provide strength to the plant.
Vacuole – A space inside the cell that is used to store
substances and help the cell keep its shape.
Chloroplasts – Structures that contain the green pigment
chlorophyll, which is a key part of photosynthesis.
Both plant and animal cells comprise
membrane-bound organelles, such as
the endoplasmic reticulum,
mitochondria, the nucleus, Golgi
apparatus, peroxisomes, lysosomes.
They also have similar membranes,
such as cytoskeletal elements and
cytosol. The plant cell can also be
larger than the animal cell. The
normal range of the animal cell varies
from about 10 – 30 micrometers and
that of plant cell range between 10 –
100 micrometer.
The function of Animal Cell
and Plant Cells
The Animal cell carries out all the processes of the body
which include producing energy and storing it, making
proteins which are molecules that have roles in
metabolism, transportation of other molecules, and DNA
replication.
The function of Animal Cell
and Plant Cells
Plant cells are the building blocks of plants.
Photosynthesis is the major function performed by plant
cells. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of the
plant cell. It is the process of preparing food by the plants,
by utilizing sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
The function of Animal Cell
and Plant Cells
Both of these cell types go through the same
reproductive processes, which include mitosis and
meiosis. Cellular respiration provides the energy that
animal and plant cells require to develop and sustain
proper cellular function.
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