JHS

ELECTIVE MATHEMATICS 10
PRECALCULUS
Equation of Parabola Part 2
Second Quarter - Module 2

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 The equation of parabola was derived from its definition where it uses
the origin as the vertex. On this module, we will explore the relationships of
parts of the parabola where the vertex is not located at the origin.
So, after going through this module, you are expected to:
1. to determine the equation of parabola with vertex at ሺℎ, 𝑘ሻ and in the
form:
ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ
or
ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ
2. to determine the parts of parabola and sketch the graph of parabola in
rectangular coordinate system; and
3. to rewrite the general equation of a given parabola from its standard
form.

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.
1. Determine the vertex of the parabola with equation ሺ𝑥 − 8ሻ2 = 24𝑦
a. (0,0) b. (0,8) c. (8,0) d. (0,-8)
2. For what direction is the opening of the parabola with equation of
ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = 14ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ
a. upward b. downward c. to the left d. to the right
3. What is the coordinates of the latus rectum of ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ = 8𝑦 .
2

a. (-2,2) (6,2) c. (-2,-2) (-2,6)

b. (2,-2) (2,6) d. (-2,-2) (-2,-6)
4. Find the equation of the parabola with vertex located (-8,3) and with
directrix of 𝑥 = −10.5.
a. ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = 10ሺ𝑥 − 8ሻ c. ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = −10ሺ𝑥 − 8ሻ
b. ሺ𝑦 − 3ሻ2 = 10ሺ𝑥 + 8ሻ d. ሺ𝑦 − 3ሻ2 = −10ሺ𝑥 + 8ሻ
5. Determine the direction of the parabola whose equation is 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 +
12𝑦 − 23 = 0
a. upward b. downward c. to the left d. to the right
6. Determine the equation of the directrix of the equation 𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 =
−12𝑦 + 23
a. 𝑥 = −7 c. 𝑦 = 7
b. 𝑦 = −7 d. 𝑥 = 7

2
 5 2 9
7. Determine the axis of symmetry of the equation ቀ𝑦 + 2ቁ = −5 ቀ𝑥 − 2ቁ
5 9
a. 𝑦 = 2 c. 𝑥 = 2
5 9
b. 𝑦 = − 2 d. 𝑥 = − 2
8. Find the location of the vertex of the equation 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8𝑦 = 7.
a. (-3,2) b. (-3,-2) c. (3,2) d. (3,-2)
9. What is the equation of the parabola with focus located at (7,11) and
with directrix of 𝑥 = 1
a. ሺ𝑦 − 11ሻ2 = −12ሺ𝑥 − 7ሻ c. ሺ𝑥 − 7ሻ2 = −12ሺ𝑦 − 11ሻ
b. ሺ𝑦 − 11ሻ = 12ሺ𝑥 − 7ሻ
2
d. ሺ𝑥 − 7ሻ2 = 12ሺ𝑦 − 11ሻ
10. Which of the following accurately describes the graph of
4 x 2  2 x  3 y  2 y 2  4 x 2  18 ?
a. Parabola b. Ellipse c. Circle d. Hyperbola

The equation of parabola where the vertex is located at the origin is

𝑥 = 4𝑎𝑦, if it opens upward or downward, while 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑥, if the parabola
2

opens to the left or right, depends on the value of 4a.

The relationship of the vertex and directrix of the parabola, from the
definition that they are equidistant from the vertex, the length of the latus
rectum is four times the focal distance.
In solving problems involving parabola, we have to consider the
conditions given in the problem and it is a great help if these conditions were
sketched in the RCS.

3
 From the previous lesson, we define parabola as set of all point (x, y) in
the plane that are equidistant from a fixed line called directrix and a fixed
point, not on the curve nor on the line, called the focus (figure 10.1).

P1(x1,y1)

P(x,y)
Focus

x-axis

Directrix

Figure 10.1
What will happen to the parts of the parabola and its graph if we will
move it to the left or to the right by h units and/or upward or downward by k
units?

LESSON PROPER

The equation 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦, with vertex at the origin will the following location
of the its parts
Vertex: (0,0)
Focus: (0,2)
Directrix: 𝑦 = −2
Axis of Symmetry: 𝑥 = 0
Endpoints of Latus Rectum: (-4,2) and (4,2)
As shown in the graph (Figure 10.2)

4
 The graph of 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦
y-axis

4
𝐹ሺ0,2ሻ
𝐸𝐿𝑅1 ሺ−4,2ሻ 2 𝐸𝐿𝑅2 ሺ4,2ሻ

x-axis
-8 -6 -4 𝑉ሺ0,0ሻ 2 4 6

-2 𝑦 = −2

-4

Figure 10.2

If we will subtract 2 from 𝑥 in the equation, the equation will become

ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ2 = 8𝑦, and the graph of such equation is (figure 10.3)
The graph of ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ2 = 8𝑦
y-axis

4
𝐹ሺ2,2ሻ
𝐸𝐿𝑅1 ሺ−2,2ሻ 2 𝐸𝐿𝑅2 ሺ6,2ሻ

x-axis
-8 -6 -4 𝑉ሺ2,0ሻ2 4 6

-2 𝑦 = −2

-4

Figure 10.3

You will notice that the parabola moves to the right by 2 units. If we
will compare the parts of the parabola with equation of 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 with ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ2 =
8𝑦, the comparisons will the listed in the table
Parts 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ2 = 8𝑦
Vertex (0,0) (2,0)
Focus (0,2) (2,2)
Directrix 𝑦 = −2 𝑦 = −2
Axis of symmetry 𝑥=0 𝑥=2
Endpoints of Latus Rectum (-4,2) (4,2) (-2,2) (6,2)

5
 The parts as well move to the right, except for the directrix which
remains the same. The only affected is in the abscissas of the points.
Using the same equation, 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦, observe the parts of the parabola if
we will subtract 4 from 𝑥, what do you think will happen to the graph and
parts?
Obviously, the effect of subtracting 4 from 𝑥, will move the graph of
𝑥 = 8𝑦 by 4 units to the right and the equation ሺ𝑥 − 4ሻ2 = 8𝑦 will have the
2

following location of its parts as we compare them from the parts of the
original equation.
Parts 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 ሺ𝑥 − 4ሻ2 = 8𝑦
Vertex (0,0) (4,0)
Focus (0,2) (4,2)
Directrix 𝑦 = −2 𝑦 = −2
Axis of symmetry 𝑥=0 𝑥=4
Endpoints of Latus Rectum (-4,2) (4,2) (0,2) (8,2)

The table below are the parts of the parabolas with equations of
2 2
ሺ𝑥 + 2ሻ2 = 8𝑦 from ൫𝑥 − ሺ−2ሻ൯ = 8𝑦 and ሺ𝑥 + 4ሻ2 = 8𝑦 from ൫𝑥 − ሺ−4ሻ൯ = 8𝑦
compared to 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦,
Parts 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 ሺ𝑥 + 2ሻ2 = 8𝑦 ሺ𝑥 + 4ሻ2 = 8𝑦
Vertex (0,0) (-2,0) (-4,0)
Focus (0,2) (-2,2) (-4,2)
Directrix 𝑦 = −2 𝑦 = −2 𝑦 = −2
Axis of symmetry 𝑥=0 𝑥 = −2 𝑥 = −4
Endpoints of Latus (-4,2) (4,2) (-6,2) (2,2) (-8,2) (0,2)
Rectum
Subtracting a negative number on 𝑥, moves the parabola to the left by
the number of units equal to the number subtracted from 𝑥.
If you will notice that the vertex is no longer on the origin, but it is now
on its new location.
If we let h be the number of units to be subtracted from x in the
parabola 𝑥 2 = 4𝑎𝑦, the new equation will be ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ2 = 4𝑎𝑦 where the vertex is
at ሺℎ, 0ሻ.

6
Now, how about subtracting 1 from y, in the equation 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦, the new
equation is 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 − 1ሻ, the graph of this parabola is (Figure 10.4)
The graph of ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ2 = 8𝑦
y-axis

4
𝐹ሺ0,3ሻ
𝐸𝐿𝑅1 ሺ−4,3ሻ 𝐸𝐿𝑅2 ሺ4,3ሻ
2

𝑉ሺ0,1ሻ
x-axis
-8 -6 -4 2 4 6
𝑦 = −1
-2

-4

Figure 10.4

You will notice that the parabola moves upward by 1 unit. If we will
compare the parts of the parabola with equation of 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 with 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 − 1ሻ,
the comparisons will the listed in the table
Parts 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 − 1ሻ
Vertex (0,0) (0,1)
Focus (0,2) (0,3)
Directrix 𝑦 = −2 𝑦 = −1
Axis of symmetry 𝑥=0 𝑥=0
Endpoints of Latus Rectum (-4,2) (4,2) (-4,3) (4,3)

The parts as well move upward, except for the axis of symmetry which
remains the same. The only affected parts is on the ordinates of the points.
The same effect if we will subtract 3 from 𝑦, will move the graph of
𝑥 = 8𝑦 by 3 units upward and the equation 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 − 3ሻ will have the
2

following location of its parts as we compare them from the parts of the
original equation.
Parts 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 − 3ሻ
Vertex (0,0) (0,3)
Focus (0,2) (0,5)
Directrix 𝑦 = −2 𝑦=1
Axis of symmetry 𝑥=0 𝑥=0
Endpoints of Latus Rectum (-4,2) (4,2) (-4,5) (4,5)

7
 The table below are the parts of the parabolas with equations of
𝑥 = 8ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ from 𝑥 2 = 8൫𝑦 − ሺ−3ሻ൯ and 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 + 5ሻ from 𝑥 2 = 8൫𝑦 − ሺ−5ሻ൯
2

compared to 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦,
Parts 𝑥 2 = 8𝑦 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ 𝑥 2 = 8ሺ𝑦 + 5ሻ
Vertex (0,0) (0,-3) (0,-5)
Focus (0,2) (0,-1) (0,-3)
Directrix 𝑦 = −2 𝑦 = −5 𝑦 = −7
Axis of symmetry 𝑥=0 𝑥=0 𝑥=0
Endpoints of Latus (-4,2) (4,2) (-4,-1) (4,-1) (-4,-3) (4,-3)
Rectum
Subtracting a negative number on 𝑦, moves the parabola to downward
by the number of units equal to the number subtracted from 𝑦. If you will
notice again that the vertex is no longer on the origin, but a new location. If
we let k be the number of units to be subtracted from x, in the parabola
𝑥 2 = 4𝑎𝑦 the new equation will be 𝑥 2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ where the vertex is ሺ0, 𝑘ሻ.
Thus, the graph of ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ moves the graph of 𝑥 2 = 4𝑎𝑦 by
h units to the left or right and k units upward or downward.
The effects of subtracting h and k units to the x and y will have the
same on the parabola that opens downward, to the right and to the left.
Illustrative example (a):
Determine the parts of the parabola with equation ሺ𝑥 − 6ሻ2 = 16ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ
and sketch the graph.
Since 6 is subtracted from x, so 6 will be our h. and we subtracted 2
from y, then 2 be our k. It means that the graph of ሺ𝑥 − 6ሻ2 = 16ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ moves
the graph of 𝑥 2 = 16𝑦, by 6 units to the right and 2 units upward
The parabola ሺ𝑥 − 6ሻ2 = 16ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ opens upward and will have following
parts,
Vertex: (6,2)
4𝑎 = 16
2𝑎 = 8
𝑎=4
Focus : (6,6) (add 4 units from 2 (k) of the vertex)

Directrix: 𝑦 = −2 (subtract 4 units from 2 (k) of the vertex)

Axis of symmetry: 𝑥 = 6 (refer the abscissas (h) of vertex and focus)

Endpoints of (-2,6) (14,6) (add and subtract 8 units from 6 (h), from the focus)
Latus rectum

8
The graph of ሺ𝑥 − 6ሻ2 = 16ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ
y-axis
𝑥=6

𝐸𝐿𝑅1 ሺ−2,6ሻ 6 𝐸𝐿𝑅2 ሺ14,6ሻ

𝐹ሺ6,2ሻ
4

2
𝑉ሺ6,2ሻ
x-axis
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

-2 𝑦 = −2

Figure 10.5

Illustrative example (b):

Determine the parts of the parabola with equation ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = −4ሺ𝑥 − 1ሻ
and sketch the graph.
The parabola opens to the left since 4a is negative. And −3 is subtracted
from y, that will be our k. and we subtracted 1 from x, that will be our h. It
means that the graph of ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = −4ሺ𝑥 − 1ሻ moves the graph of 𝑦 2 = −4𝑥, by
3 units downward and 1 unit to the right.
The parabola ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = −4ሺ𝑥 − 1ሻ opens to the left and will have
following parts,
Vertex: (1,-3)
4𝑎 = 4
2𝑎 = 2
𝑎=1
Focus : (0,-3) (subtract 1 unit from 1 (h) of the vertex)

Directrix: 𝑥=2 (add 1 unit from 1 (h) of the vertex)

Axis of symmetry: 𝑦 = −3 (refer the ordinates (k) of vertex and focus)

Endpoints of (0,-1) (0,-5) (add and subtract 2 units from -3 (k), from the focus)
Latus rectum

9
 The graph of ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = −4ሺ𝑥 − 1ሻ
y-axis

𝑥=2

-8 -6 -4 -2
x-axis
2 4
𝐸𝐿𝑅1 ሺ0, −1ሻ
-2
𝑦 = −3 𝐹ሺ0, −3ሻ
𝑉ሺ1, −3ሻ
-4
𝐸𝐿𝑅2 ሺ0, −5ሻ
-6

Illustrative example (c):

Determine the parts of the parabola with equation
𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 12𝑦 − 23 = 0
Notice that the equation of the parabola is not in the standard form, it
is in the form of general form. When expanding ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ and
ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ.
For ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ
𝑥 2 − 2ℎ𝑥 + ℎ2 = 4𝑎𝑦 − 4𝑎𝑘
Make the right side be equal to 0
𝑥 2 − 2ℎ𝑥 − 4𝑎𝑦 + ℎ2 + 4𝑎𝑘 = 0
let −2ℎ = 𝑑, −4𝑎 = 𝑒, and ℎ2 + 4𝑎𝑘 = 𝑓, then we will have the
general form,
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒆𝒚 + 𝒇 = 𝟎
For ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ.
𝑦 2 − 2𝑘𝑦 + 𝑘 2 = 4𝑎𝑥 − 4𝑎ℎ
Make the right side be equal to 0
𝑦 2 − 2𝑘𝑦 − 4𝑎𝑥 + 𝑘 2 + 4𝑎ℎ = 0

10
 let −2𝑘 = 𝑒, −4𝑎 = 𝑑, and 𝑘 2 + 4𝑎ℎ = 𝑓, then we will have the
general form,
𝒚𝟐 + 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒆𝒚 + 𝒇 = 𝟎

Going back to the illustrative example (c), the equation

𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 12𝑦 − 23 = 0
must be written in standard form.
First group the terms involving x, and transfer the constant and the
term involving y to the right.
𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 = −12𝑦 + 23
Complete the square on the left, by adding 25 on both sides of the
equations. (This is the same process in completing the square in the equation
of the circle)
𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 25 = −12𝑦 + 23 + 15
Simplify and factor
ሺ𝑥 − 5ሻ2 = −12𝑦 + 48
ሺ𝑥 − 5ሻ2 = −12ሺ𝑦 − 4ሻ
Based on the standard form, the vertex is located at (5,4)
The parabola opens downward.
4𝑎 = 12
2𝑎 = 6
𝑎=3
Focus : (5,1) (subtract 3 units from 4 (k) of the vertex)

Directrix: 𝑦=7 (add 3 unit from 4 (k) of the vertex)

Axis of symmetry: 𝑥 = 5 (refer the abscissas (h) of vertex and focus)

Endpoints of (11,1) (-1,1) (add and subtract 2 units from -3 (k), from the focus)
Latus rectum

Illustrative example (d):

Determine the vertex, focus, directrix, endpoints of latus rectum and
axis of symmetry of the parabola with the given equation.
(1) 𝑦 2 + 5𝑥 + 12𝑦 = −16
(2) 5𝑦 2 + 30𝑦 − 24𝑥 = 51

11
Solution for number (1)
𝑦 2 + 5𝑥 + 12𝑦 = −16
𝑦 2 + 12𝑦 = −5𝑥 − 16
𝑦 2 + 12𝑦 + 36 = −5𝑥 − 16 + 36
ሺ𝑦 + 6ሻ2 = −5𝑥 + 20
ሺ𝑦 + 6ሻ2 = −5ሺ𝑥 − 4ሻ
4𝑎 = 5
5
2𝑎 =
2
5
𝑎=
4
The parabola opens to the left
Vertex: ሺ4, −6ሻ

11
Focus : ቀ 4 , −6ቁ
21
Directrix: 𝑥= 4

Axis of symmetry: 𝑦 = −6
11 7 11 17
Endpoints of ቀ 4 , − 2ቁ , ሺ 4 , − 2 ሻ
Latus rectum

Solution for number (2)

5𝑦 2 + 30𝑦 − 24𝑥 = 51
5𝑦 2 + 30𝑦 = 24𝑥 + 51
5ሺ𝑦 2 + 6𝑦ሻ = 24𝑥 + 51
5ሺ𝑦 2 + 6𝑦 + 9ሻ = 24𝑥 + 51 + 45
5ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = 24𝑥 + 96
5ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = 24ሺ𝑥 − 4ሻ
24
ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ2 = ሺ𝑥 − 4ሻ
5

12
 24
4𝑎 =
5
12
2𝑎 =
5
6
𝑎=
5
The parabola opens to the right
Vertex: ሺ4, −3ሻ

26
Focus : ቀ 5 , −3ቁ
14
Directrix: 𝑥= 5

Axis of symmetry: 𝑦 = −3
26 27 26 3
Endpoints of ቀ ,− ቁ,ሺ ,− ሻ
5 5 5 5
Latus rectum

Directions: Read the following problems then solve. Show necessary

solutions.
1. Determine the vertex, focus, directrix, axis of symmetry and endpoints
of the latus rectum of the parabola with the given equation. Sketch
the graph, and include these points and lines.
5 2 9
a. ቀ𝑦 + 2ቁ = −5 ቀ𝑥 − 2ቁ
b. ሺ𝑥 + 8ሻ2 = 28ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ
c. 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8𝑦 = 7

2. Find the equation of the parabola in standard form and general form
which satisfies the given conditions
a. Vertex at (1,-9), focus (-3,-9)
21
b. Vertex at (-8,3) and directrix of 𝑥 = − 2

13
 The standard form of the equation of the parabola that opens upward
or downward is ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ, its general form is 𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒𝑦 + 𝑓 = 0,
while the parabola that opens to the right or left is ሺ𝑦 − 𝑘ሻ2 = 4𝑎ሺ𝑥 − ℎሻ, its
general form is 𝑦 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒𝑦 + 𝑓 = 0. Both parabolas will have ሺℎ, 𝑘ሻ as vertex.

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

Directions: Read the following problems, illustrate, and then solve. Show
necessary solutions
1. Determine the vertex, focus, directrix, axis of symmetry and endpoints of the
latus rectum of the parabola with the given equation. Sketch the graph, and
include these points and lines.

a. 𝑦 2 − 12𝑥 + 8𝑦 = −40
b. 16𝑥 2 + 72𝑥 − 112𝑦 + 221 = 0

2. Find the equation of the parabola in standard form and general form which
satisfies the given conditions
a. Focus at (7,11) and directrix of 𝑥 = 1
b. Vertex (-5,-7), with vertical axis of symmetry, through the point (7,11)
21
c. Vertex at (-8,3) and directrix of 𝑥 = − 2
d. Find the equation of the vertical parabola that passes through the
points: A = (6, 1), B = (−2, 3) and C = (16, 6).

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.

1. Determine the vertex of the equation 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5𝑦 = −34.

a. (3,-5) b. (-3,-5) c. (5,-3) d. (-5,3)
2. Find the focus of the equation ሺ𝑦 + 6ሻ2 = 5ሺ𝑥 + 4ሻ
a. (2.75,-6) b. (-2.75,6) c. (-2.75,-6) d. (-6,-2.75)
3. For the equation 𝑦 2 + 12𝑦 − 5𝑥 + 16 = 0, determine its directrix.
25 21
a. 𝑥 = −5 b. 𝑥 = −6 c. 𝑥 = − d. 𝑥 = −
5 4
4. A parabolas has focus (7,9) and directrix of 𝑦 = 3, find its vertex .
a. (6,9) b. (7,6) c. (7,8) d. (5,9)

14
 5. Determine the axis of symmetry of the equation 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 5𝑦 + 34 = 0.
5 5
a. 𝑥 = 3 b. 𝑥 = 2 c. 𝑦 = 2 d. 𝑦 = 3
6. A parabola has focus (-2,-5) and directrix of 𝑥 = 6. Find the standard form of
the equation of the parabola.
a. ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ2 = 16ሺ𝑦 + 5ሻ c. ሺ𝑦 + 5ሻ2 = −16ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ
b. ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ = −16ሺ𝑦 + 5ሻ
2
d. ሺ𝑦 + 5ሻ2 = 16ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ
7. Find the equation of the horizontal parabola that passes through the point
(3, 4) and has its vertex at (0, 0).
16 16 16 16
a. 𝑦 = 𝑥2 b. 𝑦 = − 𝑥2 c. 𝑦 2 = − 𝑥 d. 𝑦 2 = 𝑥
3 3 3 3

8. Determine the equation of the parabola with an axis of symmetry parallel to

the y-axis, vertex on the x-axis and which passes through the points (2, 3)
and (−1, 12).
1
a. ሺ𝑥 − 5ሻ2 = 3𝑦 c. ሺ𝑥 − 1ሻ2 = − 3 𝑦
1
b. ሺ𝑥 − 5ሻ2 = −3𝑦 d. ሺ𝑥 − 1ሻ2 = 3 𝑦
9. Find the directrix of the equation 16𝑥 2 + 72𝑥 − 112𝑦 + 221 = 0
1 1
a. 𝑦 = − 2 b.𝑦 = 2 c.𝑦 = 2 d. 𝑦 = −2
10. Determine the equation of the parabola with a directrix of y = 0 and a focus
at (2, 4).
a. ሺ𝑥 + 2ሻ2 = 8ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ c. ሺ𝑥 + 2ሻ2 = −8ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ
b. ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ = 8ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ
2
d. ሺ𝑥 − 2ሻ2 = −8ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ

15
 ANSWER KEY

Pretest
1. c
2. d
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. c
7. b
8. a
9. b
10. a

Activities
1. Determine the vertex, focus, directrix, axis of symmetry and endpoints
of the latus rectum of the parabola with the given equation. Sketch
the graph, and include these points and lines.

5 2 9 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 8𝑦 = 7
Parts ൬𝑦 + ൰ = −5 ൬𝑥 − ൰ ሺ𝑥 + 8ሻ2 = 28ሺ𝑦 + 3ሻ
2 2 ሺ𝑥 + 3ሻ2 = −8ሺ𝑦 − 2ሻ
9 5
Vertex ൬ ,− ൰ (-8,-3) (-3,2)
2 2
13 5
Focus ൬ ,− ൰ (-8,4) (-3,0)
4 2
23
Directrix 𝑥= 𝑦 = −10 𝑦=4
4
5
Axis of Symmetry 𝑦=− 𝑥 = −8 𝑥 = −3
2
Endpoints of Latus 13 13
൬ , 0൰ ൬ , −5൰ (6,4), (-22,4) (-7,0) (1,0)
Rectum 4 4

2. Find the equation of the parabola in standard form and general form
which satisfies the given conditions
a. Vertex at (1,-9), focus (-3,-9)
Answer: standard form ሺ𝑦 + 9ሻ2 = −16ሺ𝑥 − 1ሻ
general form 𝑦 2 + 18 + 16𝑥 + 65 = 0
21
b. Vertex at (-8,3) and directrix of 𝑥 = − 2
Answer: standard form ሺ𝑦 − 3ሻ2 = 10ሺ𝑥 + 8ሻ
general form 𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 − 10𝑥 − 71 = 0

16
 Rubric for Additional Activities

Criteria & Rating 5 4 3 2 1

Invalid approach
Approach chosen is Valid approach with Little or no
Valid approach with minor that demonstrates
clearly shown, clearly multiple errors that understanding of
Strategic errors that don’t disrupt little
written & all elements impede how to approach the
Approach (S) understanding. understanding of
are valid. understanding. problem.
the problem.
Appropriate concepts
that are fully At least one
Appropriate concepts
understood Appropriate concepts that concept identified Little or no
identified, but not
Concepts (P) (symmetries, are mostly understood but but unable to understanding of
employed or
conserved quantities, employed with errors. demonstrate physics concepts.
understood.
etc.), clearly stated & understanding.
employed correctly.
Correct starting equations.
All mathematical steps are
Correct starting Correct starting
clearly shown but minor Incorrect equations;
equations; All equations. The Can identify at
errors yield wrong answer demonstrates little
Mathematical mathematical steps mathematical steps least one equation,
OR or no understanding
Impression are clearly shown and are hard to follow but unable to
Correct starting equations of mathematical
(M) they flow easily toward and errors begin to apply them.
with correct final result concepts involved.
the correct answer. impede application.
but the mathematical steps
are hard to follow.
100% correct answer
Correct answer Unable to reach a
– analytically Incorrect answer, but
Answer (A) analytically, but not correct answer on No answer.
numerically & on the right path.
numerically. this path.
conceptually

REFERENCE

Clyde Elton Love, Earl David Rainville (1995) Analytic Geometry Macmillan
https://brilliant.org/wiki/section-formula/
https://www.math-only-math.com/division-of-line-segment.html
http://amsi.org.au/ESA_Senior_Years/SeniorTopic1/1b/1b_2content_3.html#:~:te
xt=External%20division%20of%20an%20interval,outside%20the%20interval%20AB
.&text=ACCB%3D2,in%20the%20ratio%201%3A2.

https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra2/Quadratics/QDParabolaApplied.html
Teaching Guide for Senior High School Precalculus Core Subject

Author: Paolo D. Bundoc. MT1, LPT

Validator: Chona C. Bundoc, MT1, LPT
Editor/Reviewer: Mary Jane A. Amion, LPT
Submitted to: Emelita D. Bautista, Ed. D.

17