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Arts
Quarter 1 – Module 1Elements and
Principles of Arts and
Crafts in Southeast Asia
What I Know
Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the answer that corresponds to
the given statement/situation. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
____ 1. The following are the traditional colors used in Javanese batik, except:
A. Black C. Brown
B. Blue D. White
____ 2. Where can we usually find Malaysian batik?
A. Bali C. Johor
B. Java D. Vietnam
____ 3. The most common motifs of batik found in this country are leaves and
flowers.
A. Brunei C. Indonesia
B. Cambodia D. Malaysia
____ 4. These are traditionally made from oiled rice paper on a bamboo frame.
A. Batik C. Silk weaving
B. Puppets D. Sky lantern
____ 5. What refers to the art of painting that shows live animals?
A. Panchi C. Panyan
B. Punpu D. Panyun
____ 6. Stories of their history were woven, not written. This is according to what
tradition?
A. Cambodian C. Singaporean
B. Lao D. Vietnamese
____ 7. Below are the different techniques used in Brunei’s batik. Which of the these
does not belong to the group?
A. airbrushing C. cracking
B. bubble D. digital printing
____ 8. The word batik is thought to be derived from the word ________ which can
be translated into ‘a cloth with little dots’.
A. ambatik C. kulit
B. klowongan D. putri
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____ 9. It is a traditional form of puppet shadow play performed in the Indo-Malayan
archipelago.
A. Dhalang C. Wayang Kulit
B. Gamelan D. Wau Kite
____ 10. Precious metals like bronze, silver, and gold were used as a media in the
sculptural creations of what Southeast Asian country?
A. Brunei C. Lao
B. Cambodia D. Myanmar
____ 11. What is used in creating lampshades, writing paper, greetings cards, and
bookmarks in Northern Laos?
A. Fibers C. Rice paper
B. Oiled paper D. Sa paper
____ 12. In the late 13th century, the women of Cambodia only weave cotton from
what tropical tree?
A. Bamboo C. Kapok
B. Ikat D. Khom loi
____ 13. What are the two main types of Cambodian weaving?
A. Ikat technique and Uneven twill
B. Geometric and Free Form
C. Mat weaving and Silk weaving
D. Shantung taffeta and Bengaline weave
____ 14. What is the most popular form of Vietnamese art?
A. Mat weaving C. Silk weaving
B. Silk painting D. Sky lantern
____ 15. This is used to lull the children to sleep and as scarecrows in the fields.
A. Batik C. Lantern
B. Kite D. Mat
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Lesson Elements and Principles of
Arts and Crafts in Southeast
1 Asia
This module intends to give you knowledge about the elements and principles
of arts and crafts inspired by the cultures of Southeast Asia and let you discover its
contribution to the history of the world of arts.
What’s In
You have already learned about Arts and its Elements and Principles in your
Grade 7 Arts. Arts is a way of expressing the author’s imaginative and conceptual
ideas intended to be appreciated for their beauty. Its elements are color, form, line,
shape, space, texture, and value. The principles of art, however, are the rhythm,
harmony, balance, contrast, movement, pattern, proportion, and variety.
In this module, you will now explore more how these elements and principles
used to achieve fluency in the artworks as we specifically study some of the
Southeast Asian arts and crafts.
What’s New
You will be introduced to the new lesson. This activity unfolds some of the
topics you possibly encounter as you go on with this module. Fill in the missing letter
to complete the word.
M L A I A S T H S T S A
N D E I A E R O N
A T S
E E M T S
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C A T R N I L E
Y N M R B T K
Realization
Through this module, it enables you to discover techniques and
analyze how the Southeast Asian people produce their arts and crafts
considering the elements and principles of arts. It also shows creativity
and ingenuity of the artworks of the specific countries as they became
part of the aesthetic world of arts.
What is It
Elements and Principles of Arts and Crafts in Southeast
Asia
Southeast Asia pertains to the huge peninsula of Indochina and the extensive
archipelago that is sometimes called as East Indies. Southeast Asian arts are
predominantly influenced by religious belief and are often expressed natural scenes
and themes from their aesthetic tradition. Many of their artworks are influenced by
their cultures thus expressing themes out of their daily scenes and norms.
Southeast Asians do not have a strong tradition of art theory for they are
always more concerned with doing the actual work of producing beautiful things.
Because of their contacts with foreign civilizations, the peoples of Southeast Asia
once thought of having lack of inventiveness, but later, discoveries particularly in
Myanmar and Thailand inspired some scholars to argue against the accepted theory.
These scholars contended that the Southeast Asian people were cultivating plants,
making pottery, and working in bronze about the same time as the peoples of the
ancient Middle East. The western half of the mainland of Southeast Asia has always
been thickly forested, so it was natural that the first material to be used for artistic
purposes should have been wood.
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Some of its political units are Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia,
Myanmar, Vietnam, Lao PDR, Brunei, and Singapore. And these are specifically
what this module contained. The following are the mentioned Southeast Asian
Countries, their known artworks and design using the elements and principles of arts
that shows their culture which in some way influenced their work of art.
Indonesia
Indonesia experienced a long history with each period leaves distinctive arts,
from prehistoric cave paintings to contemporary arts of modern Indonesian artists.
The most common fabric in some Southeast Asian countries is the batik which is
thought to be derived from the word ‘ambatik’ that can be translated into ‘a cloth with
little dots’.
The “drop” action refers to the process of dyeing the fabric by making use of a
resist technique: covering areas of cloth with a dye-resistant substance to prevent
them from absorbing colors. Indonesian batik has many colors and patterns. Natural
materials such as cotton or silk are used for the cloth, so that it can absorb the wax
that is applied in the dye resisting process. The fabrics must be of a high thread
count (densely woven). It is important that cloth of high quality have this high thread
count so that the intricate design qualities of batik can be maintained.
Traditional colors for Central Javanese batik were made from natural
ingredients and consisted primarily of beige, blue, brown and black. The oldest color
that was used in traditional batik making was blue. The color was made from the
leaves of the Indigo plant. The leaves were mixed with molasses sugar and lime and
left to stand overnight. Lighter blue was achieved by leaving the cloth in the dye bath
for short periods of time. For darker colors, the cloth would be left in the dye bath for
days and may have been submerged up to 8 - 10 times a day. The number of colors
in batik represents how many times it was immersed in the dye bath and how many
times wax had to be applied and removed. A multicolored batik represents a lot more
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work that a single or two-color piece. Numerous dye processes are usually reflected
in the price of the cloth. Nowadays, chemical dyes have pretty much replaced
traditional dyes, so colors are endless and much more liberally used. Batik designs
are traced from stencils or patterns called pola.
In traditional batik, the second color applied was a brown color called soga.
The color could range from light yellow to a dark brown. The dye came from the bark
of the Soga tree. Another color that was traditionally used was a dark red color called
mengkuda. This dye was created from the leaves of the Morinda Citrifolia.
The final hue depended on how long the cloth was soaked in the dye bath and
how often it was dipped. Skilled artisans can create many variations of these
traditional colors. Aside from blue, green would be achieved by mixing blue with
yellow; purple was obtained by mixing blue and red. The soga brown color mixed
with indigo would produce a dark blue-black color.
The tradition of batik making, specifically made in the island of Java, is best
known in Indonesia. With diverse patterns influenced by many cultures, Indonesian
batik has a long history of acculturation. When it comes to pattern, technique, and
the quality of workmanship, Indonesian batik is the most developed one.
Batik pattern in Java can be divided into three main elements:
1. klowongan or the main decorative motif
2. isen-isen
3. decorative motif as filler
Indonesian batik patterns are usually symbolic. Infants are carried in batik slings
decorated with symbols designed to bring the child luck, and certain batik designs
are reserved for brides and bridegrooms, as well as their families.
Shadow puppetry is known in Indonesia. Wayang Kulit is a traditional form of
puppet shadow play performed in the Indo-Malayan archipelago. It is derived from a
Javanese Hindu-Buddhist tradition, in which the hand-crafted leather puppets depict
epic stories of the gods in shadow play. There are usually seven types of puppets:
• putri or women
• danawa or monsters
• dhagelan or clowns
• halus or refined characters
• gagah or warrior-type characters
• wanara or monkeys, and
• gusen or characters with modest manners
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At times, Wayang Kulit will also feature lijepans or refined characters with
modest manners, and lanjapans or refined characters with a capacity for violence. In
a Wayang Kulit performance, the puppet figures are rear-projected on a taut linen
screen with a coconut oil (or electric) light. The Dhalang (shadow artist) manipulates
carved leather figures between the lamp and the screen to bring the shadows to life.
The following are the elements of Wayang Kulit performance:
1. Puppeteer or Dhalang – one who entertains and teaches; usually men
2. Gamelan (a traditional Indonesian orchestra) – its job is to accompany the
puppeteer’s story with engaging music.
3. Shadow puppets (wayang kulit) – traditionally made out of cowhide.
Wayang Kulit is among the best known, offering a unique combination of
ritual, lesson, and entertainment.
Indonesia is also recognized for its stone, bronze, and iron-age arts, where
sculptures are normally found in many archaeological sites in Sumatra, Java to
Sulawesi. The Asmat wooden sculpture are of Papua, the Dayak wooden mask and
sculpture, the ancestral wooden statue of Toraja, and the totem-like sculpture of
Batak and Nias tribes are one of the most amazing sculptures in Indonesia.
Balinese painting tradition is notable for its highly vigorous yet refined intricate art
which resembles baroque folk art with tropical themes.
The hundreds of meters of relief and hundreds of stone Buddhas at the temple of
Borobudur in central Java are the most noticeable sculptures. Wooden and wood
carving traditions can be found in Bali and Jepara, Central Java. Currently, it is the
richest and most vivid wooden sculpture in Indonesia.
Both Indonesian diversity and history add to complexity on defining and identifying
what is Indonesian art.
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Malaysia
Malaysian batik can be found in the east coast of Malaysia such as Kelantan,
Terengganu and Pahang. Since there are large number of Javanese immigrants in
Malaysia, especially on the southern part, batik in Johor clearly shows Javanese
influences.
The most common motifs of Malaysian batik are leaves and flowers. Designs
that show animals are rare because Islam norms forbid animal images as decoration,
except the butterfly theme.
The Malaysian batik also is known for its
geometrical designs like spirals. The patterns are
larger and simpler. To be able to put more vibrant
colors, more brush painting is applied. The colors
tend to be lighter and more vibrant than deep
colored Javanese batik.
Kite-making tradition comes naturally to
Malaysian people. Wau Kite in Malay is a
Malaysian kite that is designed uniquely. It’s
shape most closely resembled an English number
9 , as in Comic Sans font. So, two nines set back-
to-back, with the tails at the bottom, resemble two
wau’s in the same positions. Its wings look like an
Arabic letter (pronounced ‘wow’). Kites were being
used not just as a means to lull the children to
sleep, but more importantly, farmers used them as scarecrows in the fields. Malaysia
has been celebrating kite festivals annually like the Pasir Gudang International Kite
Festival. This is to invite more tourists to visit the country.
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The visual identity of Malaysian sculpture is based on the physical form and space.
Malaysia’s sculptures are mostly relief. Relief sculpture is done with stone, marble,
bronze, and many other substances. It is divided into three types:
1. Alto form – This is similar to the Egyptians’ alto relief sculptures of gods or
Pharaohs attached to their temples. It is almost completely carved from its
surface, highly shaped with very little of the structure touching the base or
plane.
2. Bas form – This is common as wall decorations on Greek or Roman buildings,
and these are mostly seen on the Colosseum. It is a relief that barely extends
past the base.
3. Sunken relief sculpture – an image that is carved into the surface rather than
out of it.
The best Malay woodcarving is from Terengganu and Kelantan, where the craft is
divided into two:
1. Ukiran halus (fine carving) – involves the carving of relief patterns, hilts of
keris (short Malay dagger), bed heads, and cupboard tops.
2. Ukiran kasar (rough carving) – refers to the carvings on larger objects like
furnitures.
Thailand
Did you know that Thai silk is produced from the cocoons of Thai silkworms?
Weavers raise the caterpillars on a steady diet of mulberry leaves. Presently, Thai
silk making is considered to be one of the finest arts in the world.
Thai art is basically composed of Buddhist art and scenes from the Indian epics and
was influenced by indigenous civilizations of the Mon and Khmer. By the Sukothai
and Ayutthaya period, Thai had developed its unique style and was later further
influenced by the other Asian styles.
In Thailand, sky lanterns are traditionally made from oiled rice paper on a bamboo
frame. The general design is a thin paper shell about 30 cm to a couple of meters
across with an opening at the bottom. The opening is about 10 to 30 cm wide and is
surrounded by a stiff collar that used to suspend the flame source. The source of hot
air may be a small candle or fuel cell composed of a waxy flammable material. The
Thai name is khom loi.
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During the year for festivals, flying
lanterns are commonly used in
Thailand. The most popular one is
the Loy Krathong Festival which is
held on the night of the 12 th full
moon, usually in November.
Famous sculpture is Wat Pho in
Bangkok. It is one of the largest
temple complexes in the city, it’s
famed for its giant reclining Buddha that is 46 meters long and 15 meters high,
covered in gold leaf. It is made of plaster on a brick core and finished in gold leaf.
The Buddha’s feet is 5 meters long decorated in mother of pearl.
Cambodia
Silk weaving in Cambodia dates to as early as the late 13 th century where
women only weave cotton from Kapok, a tropical tree, since none of the locals
produces silk. In recent years, people from Siam have come to live in Cambodia, and
unlike the locals they engage in silk production. Cambodian weaving has two main
types:
1. Ikat technique – quite complex; it produces patterned fabric which is diverse
and vary by region. To create patterns, weavers tie-dye portions of weft yarn
before weaving begins.
2. Uneven twill – it yields single or two-color fabrics, which are produced by
weaving three threads so that the color of one thread dominates on one side
of the fabric, while the two others determine the color on the reverse side.
Takeo, battambang, Beanteay Meanchey, Siem Reap, and Kampot provinces, are
Cambodia’s modern silk-weaving centers. Cambodian silk is generally sold
domestically, where it is used in sampot (wrap skirts), furnishings, and pidan (pictoral
tapestries). Interest in international trade is increasing.
Cotton textiles also became part of Cambodian culture. Rural women often weave
homemade cotton fabric. Krama, the traditional check scarves worn almost
universally by Cambodians, are made of cotton.
Cambodian farmers weave baskets made of thinly cut bamboo as a source of
income. Mat weaving, however, became a seasonal occupation. They are made of
reeds. Mats are laid out for guests and are important building materials for homes.
In Cambodia, the highlanders make paper by hand for over 700 years using the bark
of the local sa or mulberry tree. This bark is crushed and soaked in water until it
dissolves into a paste. The liquid is then scooped out, poured through a bamboo
sieve, and finally placed in a thin layer on a bamboo bed and dried in the sun.
Cambodia’s kite making tradition is now popular throughout the country. Kites are
usually flown at night during the northeast monsoon season. To produce a musical
sound, a bow is attached to the kites.
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For the Cambodian sculptors, stone carving has been both a passion and a
livelihood.
Myanmar
Myanmar has ten most famous traditional arts and crafts which is called Pan
Sel Myo (10 flowers):
1. Panchi – the art of painting that shows live animals and inanimate objects with
the use of different colors.
2. Punpu – the art of sculpture which produced figures and floral motifs made of
wood.
3. Panbe – being tempered in the iron in the oven to make the desired elements.
It is a kind of blacksmith.
4. Panyun – a vehicle that produces materials. It may either be a bamboo, wood
or thick black paint.
5. Panpoot – making wooden utensils, turning on the lathe turner.
6. Panyan – it constructs building with brick, stone and concrete.
7. Pantaut – a craft of making decorative designs floral stucco embossed.
8. Pantamaut – the art of stone carving.
9. Patain – making objects of gold or silver.
10. Pante – manufacturer of materials of copper, bronze or brass. The craftsmen
are Gong, and the brass bowl brass triangle Monaco, and small bells brass
gong.
Vietnam
Fabric ranges that are popular to Vietnamese:
1. Shantung taffeta – a type of silk plain weave fabric; slightly thinner and less
irregular
2. Bengaline weave – a woven silk-and cotton material. It offered the impression
of genuine silk but was made with lesser amounts of silk than cotton.
3. Ebony satin – a natural lustrous silk hand-woven in Southern Vietnam
Silk painting is one of the most popular forms of Vietnamese art. Vietnamese silk
paintings showcase the countryside, landscapes, pagodas, historical events, or
scenes of daily life. The Vietnamese style of silk painting emphasizes softness,
elegance and has a flexibility of style. The success of a silk painting depends on the
quality of the silk. The colors are used delicately with the canvas to make
Vietnamese silk paintings. The delicate white color found in the sky, water, or human
portrait, is the color of silk. The color of silk is well known to describe human figure in
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the paintings of many famous Vietnamese artists. Delicate color and silk background
give the paintings such harmony with the nature.
These traditional religions – Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism, greatly
influenced the Vietnamese sculpture. One of the famous sculptures is the 10,000
year old carvings located on the Dong Noi cave.
Handles sculpted using men and some animals like elephants, toads, and
tortoises, as inspiration, the Dong Son culture is known for its kettledrums, small
carvings, and home utensils.
Lao
According to Lao tradition, their history was not passed on orally, it was
woven. Their stories were better shown and reflected in most intricate dense patterns
and motifs of textiles. Unluckily, some motifs are fantastic and cryptic, that in most
cases only the weaver can interpret the story accurately.
Creativity and cultural expression which originally came from Laos are what
make the Lao art. This includes both ancient artefacts and recent productions.
Laotian art often features religiosity as their theme and includes such material forms
as textiles, wood carving and basket-weaving.
Embroidered textiles and the production of woven is said to be the most
prolific of all traditional crafts in Laos. Textiles are made of perishable materials.
Through the invention of spinning, succeeding generations developed more flexible
fibres and were used to make yarn from wool, linen, cotton, or silk. Colour is very
important to textiles, thus, many villages in Laos produce organic dyes from plants,
roots, insect, resin, and soil. Compared to paints, textiles ensure a longer lifetime as
dyes are absorbed into the very fibres of it.
Sihn is the Lao women’s ankle-long skirt that has undeniable form and unique
patterns. Cotton sinhs are comfortable in the Lao heat. The bottom of the sihn is
called the foot, “sinh din” in Lao. It is often a separate intricately woven piece and
attached later to the rest of the skirt. Sometimes the skirt is plain or just a basic
stripe, but sometimes also an intricate design, producing an interesting dynamic.
Some skirts have no definite foot but usually by the direction, weight, and style of the
pattern you can tell which edge is the foot
Sa paper is now used to create lampshades, writing paper, greetings cards,
and bookmarks, as the mentioned handicraft has been revived recently in Luang
Prabang, Northern Laos.
Lao artisans used precious metals like bronze, silver, and gold as a media in
their sculptural creations. The most known statue is the Phra Say of the sixteenth
century that is made of gold in which the Siamese carried it home as loot in the late
eighteenth century. Another is the Phra Bang which is also made of gold. It is
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believed that relics of the Buddha are contained in the image, so traditionally
believed, it is more of a Sinhalese than Lao.
Brunei
Brunei’s traditional textile, also called batik, is distinctly different than that of
Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. It has its own unique design that shows their
national flower simpur, sumboi-sumboi (pitcher plant), and Brunei’s traditional design
of air muleh.
These are the techniques used in Brunei’s batik: airbrushing, cracking, bubble,
rainbow, sprinkle, geometry, and marble. These can be applied on fabrics such as
cotton, chiffon, linen, and brocade.
Batik can be done in different ways: hand-drawn, using
metal blocks, screen printing, and digital printing.
Also called as peci or kopiah, songkok is a cap
commonly worn in Southeast Asia. It was associated with
Islam in Malaysia, while it was with the nationalist secular
movement in Indonesia.
The three categories of men’s headgears in Brunei
Darussalam:
1. dastar – a piece of cloth tied around the head. It is
a symbol of honour and selfrespect.
2. songkok or kopiah – a type of cap made from velvet. It has a shape of a
truncated cone.
3. tangkolok or serban – like a turban and is a typical headdress in the Middle
East. It is made from long songket cloth folded and tied in particular style.
Singapore
Batik is featured in as the uniform of flight attendants for the official flag carrier
airlines of Singapore, Indonesia, and Malaysia.
Sri Mariammam Hindu Temple is a sculpture as old as Singapore itself. This
was dedicated to the goddess Mariammam who is worshipped for her power to cure
disease (early Singapore was mostly jungle, so disease was rampant). The feature
that makes it more impressive is the gopuram (tower) over the main entrance,
which is decorated with Hindu dieties.
The Merlion as a mythical creature and as a symbolic nature to Singapore
was widely used to represent both the country and its people. The lion head
represents
Singapore’s original name – ‘Singapura’ meaning ‘Lion City’. The Sentosa Merlion is
the biggest replica, having 37 meters tall and made from glass-reinforced concrete.
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The elements and principles of Southeast Asian arts and crafts were shown in
the styles, structures, and designs among various artworks. They have their own
unique styles and themes because of its inspiration based on their own culture.
What’s More
Enrichment Activities
Activity 1: SAY SOMETHING!
Have a careful analysis on the following pictures. Identify what is it and
describe each picture as much as you can.
1. 2.
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________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
3.
4.
________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
___
5. 6.
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________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
________________________ ________________________
Activity 2:
Classify the words found in the box as to what country they belong.
Wau kite Songkok
Loy Krathong Festival Sa paper
Ikat technique Mariammam Hindu Temple
Panpoot Pasir Gudang International
Kite Festival Uneven twill
Ebony satin
Malaysia Thailand Cambodia Myanmar Vietnam Laos Brunei Singapore
Activity 3: See The Difference!
Using the Venn diagram, compare and contrast the two pictures in terms of
the elements of art.
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Indonesian Batik Malaysian Batik
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What I Have Learned
Complete the thought of the sentence by filling in the missing word/s. Write
your answer on your activity notebook.
1. Southeast Asia is the huge peninsula of Indochina and the extensive
archipelago that sometimes called as __________.
2. Southeast Asian arts are basically ________ in nature.
3. The States of ______ and _________ are where batik first flourished.
4. Cotton textiles also became part of Cambodian culture. Rural women often
weave homemade _______ fabric.
5. ________were being used not just as a means to lull the children to sleep, but
more importantly, farmers used them as scarecrows in the fields.
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6. Krama, which is made of cotton, is the traditional check scarves worn almost
universally by ___________.
7. Silk weaving in Cambodia dates to as early as the late 13 th century where
women only weave cotton from _________, a tropical tree.
8. Vietnamese _________showcase the countryside, landscapes, pagodas,
historical events, or scenes of daily life.
9. These traditional religions –_________, _______, and ________, greatly
influenced the Vietnamese sculpture.
10. According to ___________, their history was not passed on orally, it was
woven. Their stories were better shown and reflected in most intricate dense
patterns and motifs of textiles.
11. __________ is now used to create lampshades, writing paper, greetings
cards, and bookmarks
12. Brunei’s traditional textile has its own unique design that shows their national
_________.
13. In Cambodia, the highlanders make paper by hand for over _______ years
using the bark of the local sa or mulberry tree.
14. During the year for festivals, flying lanterns are commonly used in ________.
15. ___________has ten most famous traditional arts and crafts which is called
Pan Sel Myo.
What I Can Do
Collage Making
Collect pictures related to the different artworks of Southeast Asia. You may print it
or cut it out from the unused magazines or books then paste it on a ½ size illustration
board. Show your understanding, appreciation, and creativity through collage
making.
Rubrics
Creativity 30%
Content 50%
Resourcefulness 20%
Total 100%
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Assessment
Read the statements/questions carefully and identify what is being referred to in
each item. Write your answer on your activity notebook.
____ 1. It is a traditional form of puppet shadow play performed in the Indo-Malayan
archipelago?
A. Dhalang C. Wayang Kulit
B. Gamelan D. Wau kite
____ 2. It refers to the art of painting that shows live animals.
A. Panchi C. Panyan
B. Punpu D. Panyun
____ 3. What is the most popular form of Vietnamese art?
A. Mat weaving C. Silk weaving
B. Silk painting D. Sky lantern
____ 4. The following are the traditional colors used in Javanese batik, except:
A. Black C. Brown
B. Blue D. White
____ 5. Stories of their history were woven, not written. This is according to what
tradition?
A. Cambodian C. Singaporean
B. Lao D. Vietnamese
_____ 6. The word batik is thought to be derived from the word ________which can
be
translated into ‘a cloth with little ‘dots’.
A. ambatik C. kulit
B. klowongan D. putri
____ 7. These are traditionally made from oiled rice paper on a bamboo frame.
A. batik C. silk weaving
B. puppets D. sky lantern
____ 8. Where can we usually find Malaysian Batik?
A. Bali C. Johor
B. Java D. Pahang
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____ 9. The most common motifs of batik found in this country are leaves and
flowers.
A. Brunei C. Indonesia
B. Cambodia D. Malaysia
____ 10. Below are the different techniques used in Brunei’s batik. Which of these
does not belong to the group?
A. airbrushing C. cracking
B. bubble D. digital printing
____ 11. Precious metals like bronze, silver, and gold were used as media in the
sculptural creations of what Southeast Asian country?
A. Brunei C. Lao
B. Cambodia D. Myanmar
____ 12. In the late 13th century, the women of Cambodia only weave cotton from
what tropical tree?
A. Bamboo C. Kapok
B. Ikat D. Khom loi
____ 13. What is used in creating lampshades, writing paper, greetings cards, and
bookmarks in Northern Laos?
A. Fibers C. Rice paper
B. Oiled paper D. Sa paper
____ 14. What are the two main types of Cambodian weaving?
A. Ikat teachnique and C. Mat weaving and Silk weaving
Uneven twill D. Shantung taffeta and Bengaline B. Geometric and
Free form weave
____ 15. This is used to lull the children to sleep and as scarecrows in the fields.
A. Batik C. Lantern
B. Kite D. Mat
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WHAT’S MORE
Activity 1
ASSESSMENT Silk weaving
Malaysian batik
1. C Wau kite
2. A Merlion
3. B Sky lantern
4. D Wayang kulit
5. B
6. A Activity 2
7. D
1. Malaysia – wau kite, Pasir Gudang International
8. D Kite Festival
9. D 2. Thailand – Loy Krathong Festival
10. D 3. Cambodia – ikat technique, Uneven twill
11. C 4. Myanmar – Panpoot
12. C 5. Vietnam – Ebony satin
13. D 6. Lao – Sa p aper
14. A 7. Brunei – songkok
15. B 8. Singapore – Mariammam Hindu Temple
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED WHAT ’S NEW WHAT I KNOW
1. East Indies MALAYSIA 1. D
2. Religious INDONESIA 2. D
3. Kelantan and Terengganu ARTS 3. D
4. cotton CRAFT 4. D
5. Kites MYANMAR 5. A
6. Cambodians SOUTHEAST ASIA
7. Kapok
6. B
MERLION
8. Silk paintings 7. D
ELEMENTS
9. Taoism, Confucianism 8. A
PRINCIPLE
and Buddhism BATIK 9. C
10. Lao tradition 10. C
11. Sa paper 11. D
12. flower 12. C
13. 700 13. A
14. Thailang 14. B
15. Myanmar
15. B
Answer Key
