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Muscular System Worksheet: I. Read The Passage and Answer The Questions That Follow

The document discusses the three types of muscle tissues: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart and contracts involuntarily to pump blood. Smooth muscle is found in internal organs and contracts involuntarily to move food through the digestive system. Skeletal muscle is attached to bones, contracts voluntarily, and works in pairs to move bones at joints through the pulling action of tendons.

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Julie Anne Bergado Cortez
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561 views

Muscular System Worksheet: I. Read The Passage and Answer The Questions That Follow

The document discusses the three types of muscle tissues: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal muscle. Cardiac muscle is only found in the heart and contracts involuntarily to pump blood. Smooth muscle is found in internal organs and contracts involuntarily to move food through the digestive system. Skeletal muscle is attached to bones, contracts voluntarily, and works in pairs to move bones at joints through the pulling action of tendons.

Uploaded by

Julie Anne Bergado Cortez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: JULIE ANNE B.

CORTEZ Section: BS Nursing 1-A

Muscular System Worksheet

I. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow.

There are three different types of muscle tissues in the human body: cardiac, smooth, and skeletal
muscle tissues. All three types consist mainly of muscle fibers, but the fibers have different arrangements.

Cardiac muscle is found only in the walls of the heart. It is striated, or striped, because its muscle fibers
are arranged in bundles. Contractions of cardiac muscle are involuntary. This means that they are not under
conscious control. When cardiac muscle contracts, the heart beats and pumps blood.
Smooth muscle is found in the walls of other internal organs such as the stomach. It isn’t striated because
its muscle fibers are arranged in sheets rather than bundles. Contractions of smooth muscle are involuntary.
When smooth muscles in the stomach contract, they squeeze food inside the stomach. This helps break the
food into smaller pieces.

Skeletal muscle is attached to the bones of the skeleton. It is striated like cardiac muscle because its
muscle fibers are arranged in bundles. Contractions of skeletal muscle are voluntary. This means that they
are under conscious control. Whether you are doing pushups or pushing a pencil, you are using skeletal
muscles. Skeletal muscles are the most common type of muscles in the body.

Many skeletal muscles are attached to the ends of bones where they meet at joints. The muscles are
attached to the bones by tough bands of connective tissue called tendons. When the muscles contract, they
pull on the tendons, which pull on the bones in turn, causing them to move. Muscles can only contract.
They can’t actively lengthen. Therefore, to move bones back and forth at joints, skeletal muscles must work
in pairs. For example, the biceps and triceps muscles of the upper arm work as a pair. When the biceps
muscle contracts, it bends the arm at the elbow. When the triceps muscle contracts, it straightens the arm.

Questions:

1. Compare and contrast cardiac and smooth muscle tissues. (Answer BRIEFLY. DO NOT COPY
PASTE!)

Cardiac muscle only exists in the heart. It includes muscle fibers, which contracts involuntarily and
maintains the heart beating and the blood flow throughout the body. When a cardiac muscle is under
a microscope, it resembles striated or striped, while the smooth muscle is not striated because smooth
muscle is composed of thick and thin filaments, which do not form sarcomeres. Smooth muscle tissues
are found in the body’s hollow organs like intestines, digestive tracts, urinary bladder, ureters, and
blood vessels. Its contraction is also involuntary. During the contraction of smooth muscle, they
squeeze the food inside the stomach and break the food into smaller pieces.

2. Explain how skeletal muscles function to move bones. (Answer BRIEFLY. DO NOT COPY
PASTE!)

Numerous skeletal muscles are join towards the end of bones and connect with joints.
Muscle contract and then relax to move body components. Muscles have the ability to pull bones,
but not to its original position. When the muscle contracts, they exert tension on the tendon, which
in turn puts pressure on the bones, causing it to move. Because muscles are only capable of
contracting, therefore, they do not have the ability to extend. As a result, they function as pairs of
flexors and extensors.

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