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Natural Obligations Study Guide I. Definitions

This document provides definitions and discussions around natural obligations under law. It defines a natural obligation as one not based on positive law but on equity and natural law, and does not grant a right to enforce performance. A civil obligation does grant this right. Voluntarily fulfilling a natural obligation authorizes retaining what was delivered. Examples given are acquisitive and extinctive obligations. A problem case discusses that a debtor who voluntarily paid a creditor after winning a case on a technicality can demand return of payment, as the obligation was extinguished. A minor generally cannot recover money paid under a voidable contract unless action is taken on their behalf.

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2K views2 pages

Natural Obligations Study Guide I. Definitions

This document provides definitions and discussions around natural obligations under law. It defines a natural obligation as one not based on positive law but on equity and natural law, and does not grant a right to enforce performance. A civil obligation does grant this right. Voluntarily fulfilling a natural obligation authorizes retaining what was delivered. Examples given are acquisitive and extinctive obligations. A problem case discusses that a debtor who voluntarily paid a creditor after winning a case on a technicality can demand return of payment, as the obligation was extinguished. A minor generally cannot recover money paid under a voidable contract unless action is taken on their behalf.

Uploaded by

Leinard Agcaoili
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Natural Obligations

STUDY GUIDE

I. Definitions
1. Natural Obligation
- Not being based on positive law but on equity and natural law, do not grant a
right of action to enforce their performance.
2. Civil Obligation
- Gives a right of action to compel their performance.
II. Discussions
1. What is the effect of the voluntarily performance of a natural obligation?
- After voluntary fulfillment by the obligor, they authorize the retention of what
has been delivered or rendered by reason thereof.
2. Give 2 examples of natural obligations under the law.
- According to Article 1424, these are: Acquisitive and Extinctive.
III. Problems
Explain or state briefly the rule or reason for your answer.
1. C (creditor) sued D (debtor) for nonpayment of the latter’s obligation. D won the
case on a technicality (i.e. not on the merits). Nevertheless, when C asked
payment again, D paid him. Now, D demands the return of what he has paid
claiming, he should not have paid C since he had no more obligation to C under
the law. Decide.
- The obligation is extinguished. D can demand the return of what he has paid
to C.
2. M, a minor, bought a bicycle for P2,000 from N, who is not a minor. Under the
law, the contract is voidable because M is incapacitated to give consent because
of his minority. Give the situation by reason of which M cannot recover the
P2,000 from N.
- M cannot recover the P2,000 from N because the contract has been effected
and the contract must bind both contracting parties; its validity or compliance
cannot be left to the will of one of them. Unless M, through a third party, file
for action of annulment on behalf of the incapacitated party M, deeming a
voidable contract.

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