B.TECH/ECE/6TH SEM/ECEN 3241/2017 B.
TECH/ECE/6TH SEM/ECEN 3241/2017
Group – E B.TECH/ECE/6TH SEM/ECEN 3241/2017
8. (a) What is SONET? What are the different layers in SONET? Describe the FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION
physical layers of SONET. (ECEN 3241)
(b) Describe the different optical networks.
(2 + 2 + 4) + 4 = 12 Time Allotted : 3 hrs Full Marks : 70
Figures out of the right margin indicate full marks.
9. Write short notes on any three of the following:
(i) Single Mode Optical Fiber Candidates are required to answer Group A and
(ii) Distributed Feedback LASER any 5 (five) from Group B to E, taking at least one from each group.
(iii) Surface Emitting LED Candidates are required to give answer in their own words as far as
(iv) Graded Index Optical Fiber. practicable.
(3 × 4) = 12
Group – A
(Multiple Choice Type Questions)
1. Choose the correct alternative for the following: 10 × 1 = 10
(i) A step index fiber has a core refractive index 1.5 and cladding
refractive index 1.46. Its numerical aperture is
(a) 0.156 (b) 0.244 (c) 0.344 (d) 0.486.
(ii) An impulse is launched into one end of a 30km optical fiber with a
rated total dispersion of 20nS/Km. What will be the width of the pulse
at the other end?
(a) 20nS (b) 100nS (c) 300nS (d) 600nS.
(iii) The attenuation caused by Rayleigh scattering is proportional to
(a) 1/λ (b) 1/λ3 (c) 1/λ4 (d) 1/λ6.
(iv) The material for making an LED should be
(a) an indirect band gap type semiconductor
(b) direct band gap type semiconductor
(c) a metal
(d) an insulator.
(v) Lasing action in a two level laser system is due to
(a) spontaneous emission process
(b) stimulated emission process
(c) spontaneous and stimulated emission process
(d) none of the above.
(vi) Given GaAs has a band gap of 1.43eV. What is the wavelength that is
emitted by GaAs LED?
(a) 0.867 μm (b) 0.970 μm (c) 0.789 μm (d) 0.660 μm.
ECEN 3241 4 ECEN 3241 1
B.TECH/ECE/6TH SEM/ECEN 3241/2017 B.TECH/ECE/6TH SEM/ECEN 3241/2017
(vii) The responsivity of a given p-i-n diode is 0.5 Aw-1 for a wavelength of 1 Group – C
μm. An incident optical power of 0.2 μw of this wavelength strikes the
4. (a) Derive Einstein co-efficient for two level laser system.
p-i-n diode. What is the output photo current?
(a) 0.1 μA (b) 1 μA (c) 10 μA (d) 1A. (b) Explain with suitable diagram the operation principle of quantum well
laser. What do you mean by modes of a laser?
(viii) Which of the following detectors give amplified output?
(a) p-n photodiode (b) p-i-n photodiode (c) Calculate the mirror reflectivities needed in a GaAs-AlGaAs double
(c) avalanche photodiode (d) photovoltaic photodetector. heterostructure laser in which the fabry perot cavity length is 20 µm
and cavity loss is 10cm-1. The optical confinement factor is unity and
(ix) EDFA operates at which of the following window/windows?
threshold gain in the medium is 103cm-1.
(a) Low dispersion window (around 1.3 μm)
4 + (3 + 2) + 3 = 12
(b) Low attenuation window (around 1.55 μm)
(c) Both the windows
5. (a) Describe the working principle of heterojunction LED with proper
(d) None of these.
band diagram.
(x) In SONET, STS-1 level of electrical signalling has the data rate of
(b) Describe in brief the internal and external quantum efficiency of LED.
(a) 51.84 Mbps (b) 155.52 Mbps
(c) 466.56 Mbps (d) none of the mentioned. (c) A Burrus type p-n GaAs LED is forward biased with a current of
120mA and a voltage of 1.5eV. Each emitted photon possess an energy
Group – B of 1.43eV, and refractive index of GaAs is 3.7. The configuration of LED
is such that we may neglect back emission and self absorption within
2. (a) What are the functions of core and cladding in an optical fiber? Why
semiconductor. Assuming that internal quantum efficiency 60%
should their refractive indices be different? What is the importance of
calculate the internal power efficiency and external power efficiency of
the Numerical Aperture of an optical fiber?
the device.
(b) Draw the Electric field distribution for the first three modes in a planar 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
waveguide. Calculate the maximum thickness of the guide slab of a
symmetrical planar waveguide so that it supports the first 10 modes. Group – D
Take n1 = 3.6, n2 = 3.58 and λ = 90 µm. Also calculate the maximum and
6. (a) Discuss the operation of p-i-n photo detector with appropriate
minimum values of the propagation constant β.
diagrams.
(2 + 2 + 2) + (2 + 4) = 12
(b) Derive the relation between quantum efficiency and responsivity of a
3. (a) Explain the phenomenon of propagation of optical signal through a photodiode.
Graded Indexed Optical Fiber.
(c) Photons of wavelength 0.8 µm are incident on a p-n photodiode at a
(b) A step-index fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.17 and a core rate of 5 × 1010 s-1 and on average the electrons are collected at the
diameter of 100 µm. Determine the normalized frequency parameter terminals of the diode at the rate of 1.5 × 1010 s-1. Calculate the
of the fiber when light of wavelength 0.85 µm is transmitted through it. quantum efficiency and responsivity of the photodiode.
Also estimate the number of guided modes propagating in the fiber. 5 + 4 + 3 = 12
(c) Obtain the following expression for material dispersion parameter
7. (a) Explain the principle of operation of WDM with relevant block diagrams.
d 2n
Dm (b) With the help of energy level diagram, explain the principle of
c d2 operation of EDFA.
where the symbols have their usual meaning. 5 + 7 = 12
3 + (2 + 2) + 5 = 12
ECEN 3241 2 ECEN 3241 3
