NORTHERN CHRISTIAN COLLEGE

The Institutions for Better Life

Laoag City

DISADVANTAGES OF ONLINE LEARNING AS PERCEIVED BY COLLEGE

STUDENTS

A Research Paper Presented to

Dr. Cecilia Pacis Aribuabo

Presented by:
Ma. Claret Shene O. dela Cruz
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

For a long time, virtual learning, also known as online learning or distance

learning, has been changing the face of education. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic,

it is rapidly becoming an integral part of, and a common method, in the broader domain

of higher education.

Online learning is a form of education in which the main elements include

physical separation of teachers and students during instruction and the use of various

technologies to facilitate student-teacher and student-student communication.

Background of the Study

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are new educational modes of distance

education that provide large-scale interactive participation and open access through the

Internet or other network technologies. Other concepts that are used interchangeably with

distance education include distributed learning, e-learning, m-learning, online learning,

virtual classroom, and so on.

In 1728, one of the first attempts was advertised. "Caleb Philipps, Instructor of the

modern form of Short Hand," advertised in the Boston Gazette, was searching for

students who wanted to learn by weekly mailed lessons.

 He taught a shorthand method by mailing texts transcribed into shorthand on

postcards and receiving transcriptions from his students in exchange for correction,

offered the first distance education course in the modern sense in the 1840s. Pitman's

system included a feature that allowed students to provide input. (nine) In 1840,

standardized postage rates were introduced throughout England, making this scheme

possible (Isaac Pitman 1840).

The phenomenon of online learning has been referred to by a variety of names.

Distance education is described as the combination of distance learning (the student's

activity) and distance teaching (the teacher's activity). Virtual learning, which usually

refers to courses taken outside of a classroom.

Online learning is characterized by four characteristics. To begin with, distance

learning is often conducted through institutions; it is not self-study or a nonacademic

environment. The organizations may or may not have conventional classroom-based

teaching, but they are qualified for accreditation by the same agencies as those that do.

Second, online learning necessitates regional separation, and time can also divide

students and teachers. This mode of education has many benefits, including accessibility

and comfort. Students' intellectual, cultural, and social gaps can also be bridged by well-

designed programs.

Third, interactive telecommunications establishes contact between members of a

learning community and the instructor. Electronic communications, such as e-mail, are

more commonly used, although conventional modes of communication, such as the

postal system, can also be used. Interaction is central to distance education, as it is to all

education, regardless of the medium. As messaging networks become more advanced and
readily accessible, learners, instructors, and instructional services become less reliant on

physical proximity; as a result, the Internet, cell phones, and e-mail have led to the

exponential growth of distance learning.

Finally, online education, like any other form of education, creates a learning

group made up of students, an instructor, and instructional resources—that is, books,

audio, video, and graphic displays that enable students to access the content of instruction.

The concept of community building is promoted through social networking on the

Internet .

Online learning gives students the ability to develop new skills or strengthen

existing ones, in addition to offering an alternative means of learning in the digital age.

Statement of the Problem

This research proposal will seek to answer the following;

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of the following:

a) Gender,

b) Year level;

2. What are the disadvantages of online learning as perceived by college students?

Purpose of the study

The purpose of this research is to identify the disadvantages of online learning

among college students.

Definition of terms

Online learning is education that takes place over the Internet. It is often referred

to as “e- learning” among other terms.

Learning the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, study, or by

being taught.

Lesson an amount of teaching given at one time; a period of learning or teaching.

Projects an individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to

achieve a particular aim.

Disadvantages is an unfavorable circumstance or condition that reduces the

chances of success or effectiveness.

Perceptions is the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the

senses.

Significance of the study

The significance of this study is to survey the disadvantages online learning. It

might be used as a reference by the following people to deal with the new normal form of

education.

The students to be aware to their attitude on how they respond on these distance

learning.
 The teachers to adjust some of their method to inspire their students to be more

active on distance learning,if any.

The parents to know if their children is in good track in learning. So that they can

tolerate the good habits or discard the bad one.

Scope and delimitation

The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the disadvantages of online learning

on academic performance of students. And the study delimited on how the students

responds to their academic responsibilities.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter includes the related literature and studies.

A review of online learning

Research on distance education has been subject to long and numerous debates.

Education needs a reliable means of communication between students and lecturers.

Therefore, the history of distance education begins at the point where a reliable

communication method is established. Most historians date distance education to the

eighteenth century, when a few lecturers began to offer what were called correspondence

courses. One of the first examples of distance education was observed in 1728, when “an

advertisement in the Boston Gazette named ‘Caleb Phillips’, teacher of the new method

of Short Hand” was searching students for lessons to be sent weekly . But

technology‐based distance education started after the introduction of some devices, which

are using both sight and sound, into the schools in the early 1900s.

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, microwave technology was developed. So networking

technology costs were reduced, and universities began to use microwave networks to take

advantage of the Instructional Television Fixed Service (ITFS) authorized by the Federal

Communications Commission.

Today, education programs have a wide range of approaches. For example, independent

study courses through computer networking, computer‐delivered instruction,

communication between students and instructors through electronic mail, class sessions,
cluster groups, undergraduate and graduate degrees through cable networks, and video

courses with texts and other collateral materials are these approaches .

In summary, the history of online education shows a constant state of evolution. In the

historical view of distance education, a stream of new ideas and technologies has been

observed. Historical development of distance education shows that nontraditional

education tends to blend with traditional education while meeting the changing learning

theories and developing technologies.

2.1. The purposes of online learning

The main goal of online education is to overcome barriers of place and time. Learners

may live in isolated, less‐populated and nonurban, rural areas and have no access to

education. Other learners may have ready access to a private school or college but that

college might not offer the course of study needed by that learner. Online learning allows

education to reach those who are not able to physically attend courses in universities.

One of the most important purposes of online education is to provide an opportunity of

education, often on an individual basis, to learners who are not physically present in a

classroom. Also, it provides equity in educational opportunities by allowing access to

quality education for those who otherwise would have been denied.

2.2. Online Education

The aim of online education is to provide a strong communication between students and

lecturers. That's why there are also disadvantages as well as advantages of online

education.

The main advantage of online learning is that the students can study wherever, whenever,

and whatever he/she wants. So, it can be said that flexibility is the most important

advantage of online learning. The other advantages of online learning are as follows:

 The students have the convenience of course materials being delivered to his/her

home or office.

 Students may gain useful, transferable skills, such as planning and research.

 Students can make their feedback easily.

 There is no waste of time in transport.

 Accessing students without face‐to‐face learning opportunities.

 Online learning provides just‐in‐time learning.

 Online learning is associated with technology more than face‐to‐face learning.

 Online education can reach a wider audience.

 Online learning can facilitate greater learner‐instructor interaction.

 Distance learning can equalize access to education.

 Distance learning makes information and lecture notes open to everyone.

 Distance learning minimizes the costs of stationery.

 Distance learning increases the effectiveness of education through the use of items

such as sound and image.

Although online learning has numerous benefits, it has some disadvantages that are listed

as follows:

 There is a lack of eye contact between the students and the lecturers.

 It can be occasional Internet provider downtime.

 Student must be more active in education environment.

 The cost of developing course materials is too much, and it is needed more time to

prepare course materials.

 There is unconsciousness in the use of educational technology.

 Online learning is not suitable for undisciplined learners or inflexible instructors.

 Laboratory and experimental courses cannot be given remotely.

 Students who have little technological knowledge cannot follow the courses.

 Students and instructors need to take technical training and support.

 Some of the students cannot access the necessary facilities, such as computers,

Internet, etc.

2.3. Types of learning

In general, education is collected under two main headings:

 Synchronous

 Asynchronous

Synchronous learning requires all students to participate the classes at the same time. The

method of delivery is usually interactive and includes Internet chat sessions,

teleconferences, telecourses, and web conferencing. Synchronous distance education is

less flexible than asynchronous distance education because synchronous distance

education requires all enrolled students and the teacher to be online at a specific time.

Asynchronous instructions do not require simultaneous participation of all students in the

class, so it is more flexible. Asynchronous instruction gives students the freedom to

interact with the material and instructor at a time that is convenient for them.

Internet‐based distance education has become a specific focus for at least three reasons

according to the Institute for Higher Education Policy (IHEP):

First, Internet is quickly becoming the predominant technology in distance education,

because of its increasing telecommunications bandwidth capabilities. Second,

Internet‐based distance education especially asynchronous instruction mode allows the

teaching and the learning processes to occur “at any time and any place.” Provision of the

interactive learning activities at any time and any place has become the most important

characteristic of this technology. Third, Internet‐based distance education is, in many

ways, fundamentally different from traditional classroom‐based education.

Internet‐based distance education must have the following features:

 The identification and management of users

 Preparation of online course contents

 Managing courses

 Monitoring and analyzing student behaviors

 Assessment of students’ achievement status

 The creation and management of interactive communication media
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

Descriptive survey will be used. The design makes use og gathering the profiles

of the respondents. The survey also requires the respondents to give their perceptions

towards the sub-problems of the study.

Research Locale

The research will be conducted to the some college students of Ilocos Norte.

Research Participants

The respondents of this study 20 college students of Ilocos Norte. Random

samples will be used as the respondents of the study. There will be equal number for

female and male students to create no bias. They are the respondents because they are the

ones who are exposed to online learning.

Research Instruments

A. Preparation of the Questionnaire

The tools used in gathering data will be the survey questionnaires. Both will contain

10 items. All of the questions will be related to the disadvantage of online learning.

B. Validation of Test Questionnaires

To validate the test questionnaires, they will be refused the thesis adviser and

research adviser for corrections and revisions.

C. Survey

The researcher will prepare the revised questionnaires for distribution to respondents.

Research Procedure
 Phase I. Submitted Title for the research

Submitted research title to the thesis adviser, revised by the thesis adviser and allowed to

proceed to the research.

Phase II. Administration of the Study

The researcher will administer the survey to the respondents. It will administered with no

time limit.

Gather and Consolidate the data

Consolidate gathered data for the disadvantages of online learning. To determine

the common disadvantages of online learning.

 Online Learning Survey - College Students

This survey is for public and private college students in the province of Ilocos Norte. To
better support you, please answer these questions honestly based on your experience
during online learning and the closing of school buildings. There are no right or wrong
answers! Your voice is important, so thank you for sharing your thoughts and experiences.

Question Response Option

1. Do you have a computer or laptop for Yes | No
online learning?
2. Do you have a smartphone with Yes | No
internet access?
3. Do you have reliable internet access in Yes | No
your home?
4. Are you able to access the internet Yes | No
wisely?
5. Have you consistently participated in Yes | No
online learning during the closing of
school buildings through online devices?
6. What is your biggest barrier in Open response
effective learning from home?

7. How helpful are your teachers in Not at all helpful | Slightly helpful
supporting your learning right now? Somewhat helpful | Quite helpful |
Extremely helpful
8. .What can teachers or other adults at Open response
school do to better support you and your
learning?

9. What is your gender? Female | Male | Prefer to self-describe

10. .If you answered “Prefer to self- Open response

describe” in the previous question, please
specify.
11. What year are you in? 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th
REFERENCES:

https://www.ingresqr.com/virtual-learning-affect-academic-performance/

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311896248

https://www.britannica.com/topic/distance-learning

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_education

https://www.hawaiipublicschools.org/DOE%20Forms/HIDOE%20Distance%20Lea

rning%20Survey%20Questions%20-%20Secondary%20Student.pdf