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Final Revision - Chapter (1) Nawar

This document defines key electrical terms and concepts: 1. It explains terms like electric current, potential difference, volt, ampere, resistance, and Ohm's Law. 2. It provides explanations for why certain electrical components behave the way they do, such as why voltmeters are connected in parallel and ammeters in series. 3. It also gives reasons for various electrical phenomena, like why resistance increases with temperature and why the terminal voltage of a cell is less than its emf when a current is drawn from it.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

80 views

Final Revision - Chapter (1) Nawar

Uploaded by

Muhammad Mahmoud

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Fight Till The End

What’s meant by
1. Electric current Flow of electrons in a conductor from point to point.
2. Electric current it’s quantity of electricity (charge) in coulombs that passes
intensity : through a given cross section in one sec.
3. Potential difference It is the work done in joules = 12 joule. to transfer charge
= 12 V of 1 coulomb between the 2 points.
4. Volt : It is potential difference between 2 points, if the work
done of 1 joule is used to transfer charge of 1 coulomb
between them’.
5. Ampere : It is current intensity through a circuit when charge of 1
coulomb flows in a given cross section in 1 sec.
6. Real current : “It is movement of electrons (-ve charges) from –ve end to
the + ve end of conductor’
7. Ohm's Law : At constant temperature, current intensity in a given
conductor is directly proportional to the potential
difference
8. Resistance : It is ratio between potential difference and the current
intensity.
9. Ohm : It’s resistance of a conductor allowing current intensity of
1ampere to pass when the pot difference applied is 1 volt.
10.Specific resistance It is the resistance of a substance of 1 m length, 1m2 cross
or resistivity : section area at const. Temp
11.Conductivity : reciprocal of resistivity

12.Power : Energy consumed in conductor in one sec . or rate of

consumed energy in one sec .
13.Watt : It is a power that consumed energy of 1 joule in one
second in a conductor .
14.Kirchhoff's law the total voltage in circuit equal to sum of all voltages
15.Emf or VB of battery it equals its terminal voltage, when no current passes in
= 12 volt . circuit = 12 volt
16.coulomb : It is a quantity of charge that make a current of 1 A pass in
a conductor in 1 sec .
17. Charge of 20 C pass in Current intensity in this point = 10 A .
2 sec through a point.

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18.Work done to Potential difference between this 2 points = 5 volt .

transfer an electric
charge 4 C between
2 points in electric
circuit = 20 joule .
19.Electric power of Energy consumed in this lamp = 60 joule in one sec
lamp = 60 watt
20.A wire of length 1 m Resistivity of this wire = 7x 10-7 ohm .m .
and area 1 m2 has a
resistance = 7x 10-7
ohm ?
21.The equivalent It mean that if these resistors replaced by 1 resistance of 6
resistance of some ohm .the current and potential difference in this circuit
resistors = 6 ohm ? remain the same .
22.Series connection of it is method of connection to obtain big equivalent
resistors : resistance (R'), current remain constant and voltage
divided .
23.parallel connection It is method of connection To obtain small equivalent
of resistors : resistor ( R)', current divided and voltage remain constant .
24.Equivalent Total resistance of group of resistors may be connected in
resistance: series or parallel .
25. Ohm's law for The emf of battery is the work done in joule to transfer
closed circuit : quantity of charge 1 coulomb in the whole battery
26.Work done to Potential difference between these 2 points = 6 volt .
transfer 5 C
between 2 points in
electric circuit =30
joule .
27. Ratio between Resistance of this conductor = 40 ohm .
p.d Across a
conductor terminals
and the electric
current passing
through it = 40 V/ A.
28. Electric resistance of Resistivity of this copper conductor = 1.7 x 10-8 ohm.m
copper conductor of
unit length and unit
area = 1.7 x 10-8 ohm.

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29. The inverse of Conductivity of copper material = 58x106ohm-1m-1

electric resistivity of
copper material =
58x106ohm-1m-1
30.The energy Power consumed in this device = 120 x 103 /60 = 2000
consumed by an watt.
electric device each
minute = 120 K J .
31. A lamp is marked This lamp has voltage 220 volt and consumed power = 150
( 220 V – 150) watt . watt , current of lamp = 15/22 A .
1st Kirchhoff's law the algebraic sum of electric currents meeting at a point (a
node) in a closed circuit equals zero". This can be
expressed as: ∑ I = 0
2nd Kirchhoff's law The algebraic sum of the electromotive forces in any
closed loop is equivalent to the algebraic sum of potential
differences within that loop"

Fullmark in physics

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Give reasons for

1. E.M.F is always greater than potential difference( V outside) ?
➢ Due to work done inside battery to transfer charge as
VB = V in+ V out.
2. Ammeter is connected in series?
➢ Because connection in series doesn’t change the current
intensity.
3. Voltmeter is connected in parallel?
➢ Because connection in parallel doesn’t change the potential difference.
4. Resistance is directly proportional to the length?
➢ Because long resistor can be considered as group of short resistors
connected in series, ∴ the equivalent resistor increases. (RαL).
5. Resistance is inversely proportional to its cross section?
➢ Because thick resistor can be considered as group of thin
resistors connected in parallel & ∵ Connection in parallel
1
decreases resistor ∴ R is α
𝐴
6. Devices (Electric instruments) in house are connected in parallel and not series?
➢ To maintain fixed pot. Diff. V1 = V2 = ……………..
➢ To decrease total resistance of instruments (R1)
➢ TO make current big.
➢ To control each unit separate.
7. Voltmeter gives incorrect reading?
➢ Because it is incorrect in parallel and apart of I of the main circuit passes
through it, so the measured value is always less than the actual one.
8. Ammeter gives incorrect reading?
➢ Because it has a resistance so on connection in series it will be
affect the I of the circuit measured.
9. Product of ρ and σ = 1? Because ρ =1/σ
10. At normal temp. copper can conduct electricity while glass not?
➢ Dur to cooper has large number of free electrons while glass has
no free electrons.
11.Resistivity and resistant increase with increase temp of metals?
➢ By increasing temp, the atoms of metal vibrate with large
amplitude. So electrons suffer from collisions with atoms and
their speed decrease make high resistance.

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12. The resistance of a bulb filament doesn’t obey ohms law ?

➢ Due to as the current passing in filament increase, temp increase
and its resistance increase due to K. E of molecules inside it
increase .but ohms law state that V x I , V=IR and R must be
constant .
13. The power consumed in home electric devices directly with current?
➢ Because P= V x I and for home electric devices V constant= 220
volt so power α I
14. In electric circuits connected in parallel , thick wires are used at the
end of the battery but at the end of each resistance less thick wires
are used ?
➢ For parallel connection of resistors, the current drawn from
battery is the sum of all currents passing in all circuits so thick
wire are connected to battery to withstand this high current. but
the current passing in individual resistors is small so less thick
wires are used at the end of each resistor.
15.for resistors connected in series, the largest one consumes the largest
power while for parallel connection , the smallest one consumes the
largest power ?
➢ In series connection, current in all resistors constant, and power
= I2 R so power α R. And the largest resistance consume largest
power. but for parallel connection, all resistances have same
potential difference .and power of each = V2/R so power α 1/R So
the smallest one consume the largest power.
16.when current is drawn from cell, the terminal voltage is less than its
emf?
➢ Because the battery does work to transfer the electric charges
through its internal resistance and V = VB – Ir .
17. Efficiency of battery increase as its internal resistance decrease ?
➢ Because the battery loses part of its energy to transfer the
electric charges through the internal resistance .so V internal
increase and Vexternal decrease . (Vex = VB – Ir ) so as r decrease ,
Ir also decrease and Vex increase .

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18.if the electric circuit is off. Terminal voltage = VB?

➢ Due to Vex = VB – Ir and for off circuit I = o so Ir =0 and Vex = VB.
19.cu has high conductivity? or any other material
➢ Due to contain large no of free electrons so can conduct electricity.
20.The copper rectangular block has three different resistances while
cube has one at same temperature?
➢ Because the rectangular block has three different dimensions
and cube has one so obtain 3 resistance from rectangular with 3
different connection and one from cube.

21.We must do work to transfer electricity from point to another inside wire?
a. Due to potential difference between these two points and from
ohms law V αI
b. to overcome resistance of wire and can transfer charges from point
to point .
22. When lamp in home is burn . the rest lamps still bright ?

Due to lamps connected in home in parallel so current divided each one

separately . and have same voltage .

23.doubling the radius of copper wire leads to decrease its resistance to

one quarter ?
➢ Due to doubling the radius mean r2= 2r1 and 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 so A2=4 A1
and resistance inversely with area so as area increase 4 times .
resistance decrease to 1/4 .
24. The resistivity of metals increase by raising its temperature .
➢ Answer as number (11)
25. Rheostats are used in electric circuits ?
➢ To control the magnitude of current and potential difference . as
rheostat increase . current decrease .
26. Wire connected to source of electricity not charged ?
➢ Due to according to 1st Kirchhoff 's law . sum of current in to
point =current out from it so charging not occur .

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1) state equivalent unit and physical quantity measured by each :

Unit equivalent Measure Unit equivalent Measure

coulomb C/ sec
joule sec
A.ohm V.C
1/m.ohm J/C
V/A J/sec
V2/ohm Watt.Sec
A2 .ohm V.m/A
A/V.m A.ohm
V/ ohm Watt/A
Watt/Volt Watt/A2
V2 / watt V.sec
. ohm-1
J/ V.A

4) prove that : ➔ ( lazm ay proof m3ah el rasma bta3too ) :

a. The equivalent resistance of three resistors connected in series is

R=R1+R2+R3
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. The reciprocal of equivalent resistance of three resistors in parallel is
equal to the sum of reciprocals of the separate resistors.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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c. For closed circuit, ohms law is I= VB / R+r

5) state relation and what does slope mean of each of the following :

------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------

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------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------

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6) B, C two Conductors , find relation and slope from graph . then

state which conductor has higher conductivity ? and why ?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------

7) in the following graph :

a)(Y) represents -----------------------

b)which source has highest internal

resistance ? and why

8) which graph represents ?

1)Resistance of wire and L ( same A , material) / ---------

2)V across poles of battery and I / --------
3)resistivity of wire and length / ----------
4)conductivity of wire and Area / ----------
5)power consumed in home , total current /----------
6)power consumed in home , total resistance / -----

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9) in the following Table :

L (m) A(m2) Resistivity

 (ohm.m)
A 10 0.1 0.05
B 5 o.5 0.25
C 5 0.1 0.5
D 0.5 5 0.5
E 0.5 0.5 0.005

5 wires made of different materials . Which of these wire is :

1. its resistivity = resistance : -------------------------------------------------------

2. V = 20 volt and current 4 A : -----------------------------------------------------

3. give more heat energy when current flow through all wires is same
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. gives more heat energy when all wires are connected to same potential
difference .
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10.3 equivalent resistors connected in series then in parallel . calculate
ratio between power consumed in 2 cases .
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11.A lamp is marked ( 220 V , 100 watt) , Calculate its current and
resistance .
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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12. from ohms law V= IR . by two different method . how you can change
current that passing in electric circuit .
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. 14. A lamp of filament made of tungsten wire of resistance 480 ohm.
a. what's happen to its resistance when the lamp bright ? and why
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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b. if wire folded on itself . what's happen to its resistance ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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c. if wire compressed and its radius decrease to third. R2 = ------ R1.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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d) if wire reformed as a closed square . (ABCD) calculate total resistance
when:
i) cell connected between A , B :
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

ii) cell connected between A, c:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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15) for the following circuit :

a)Write down the relation …………………………………………………………………………

between readings of each of …………………………………………………………………………
(V1, V2) and the current …………………………………………………………………………
intensity(I) that flows …………………………………………………………………………
through the circuit. …………………………………………………………………………

b.)What will happen to these …………………………………………………………………………

readings by …………………………………………………………………………
increasing the resistance (S)? …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

c)What are the readings of …………………………………………………………………………

(v1,V2) when (K) is opened ? …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

16) in the following circuit . what's happen to readings Of A1 , A2 , A3 if

R1 decrease .

……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
A1 R1 ……………………………………………………………
A2 ……………………………………………………………
R2 ……………………………………………………………
A3

P1 , P2 , P3 three identical lamps , if ……………………………………………………………

(s) closed , what's happen to ……………………………………………………………
brightness of P1 , P2 with ……………………………………………………………
explanation ……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………

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What's happen to readings of A …………………………………………………………………

and V When (s) closed , with …………………………………………………………………
explanation . …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

17. State factors affecting on each of the following :

Electric
resistance (R)
Specific
resistance of
material of
conductor
Conductivity of
material of
conductor
Power

Efficiency of
battery

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18. Find the relation between emf of battery and terminal voltage
between poles of battery . then deduce when they are equal with
drawing electric circuit used.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

19.State when the following ocurr ?

1)Resistivity of wire = R .--------------------------------------------------------------

2)Terminal V = emf battery----------------------------------------------------------
3)Terminal voltage > Vb--------------------------------------------------------------
4)Terminal voltage < Vb--------------------------------------------------------------
5)Wire obey ohms Law --------------------------------------------------------------
6)Area of wire decrease to half and L doubled ----------------------------------
7) efficiency of battery dec. to 50% ----------------------------------------------

20.two wires . made from same material . if length of 1st doubled that of
2nd . and radius of 2nd 4 times that of 1st . calculate R1/ R2 .
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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21.Compare between series and parallel connection according to

P.O C Series parallel

Draw circuit :

Law :

Value of I and V :

Aim of
connection

22. Compare between resistivity and conductivity according to :

( definition – law – measuring unit – factors affecting on each )

P.O.C resistivity conductivity

Definition :

Law:

Unit :

Factors :

23.2 lamps R1 and R2 , connected n parallel . if R1 > R2 so :

Brightness of R1 --------------- that of R2 . ( < /= /> )
While when the same lamps connected in series
Brightness of R1 ------------- that of R2 . ( > /< /= ) .
( Note : brightness depend on power of lamps ) .

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24.WHATs happen to brightness of lamp if key is closed

25.What happen to brightness of lamp if rheostat increases

What's happen: Answer How

1-to the resistance of
conductor if length
doubled
2-to resistance of
conductor if area halved

3-to resistance of
conductor if diameter
halved
4-to resistance if area
halved and length
increase three times
5-to resistance of
conductor if it stretched
to double its length
6-to resistance of
conductor if it melted
and reshaped (volume
constant)so that its
diameter haled

7- to resistivity if length
is doubled

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8-to efficiency of
battery if internal
resistance decreases
9-to the power if current
in home devices is
doubled
10-To reading of
voltmeter if rheostat
increase

11-To reading of
voltmeter if rheostat
increase

12-To reading of
voltmeter if rheostat
increase

13-to reading of
voltmeter if rheostat
increase

14-To R of wire if current

pass in it doubled ?
15-To equivalent
resistance of group of
equal resistances when
remove one of them
16-To brightness of each
lamp when several lamps
connected in parallel to
battery of neglected
internal resistance . and
one lamp is burnt .

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26) Choose the correct answer?

1. If the emf of a cell equals 8 volts, it’s terminal voltage when no current flowing
through its circuit is………

(8 volts , less than 8 volts , greater than 8 volts)

2. If two identical resistors arranged in parallel and a third identical resistor is added
in parallel, what is the ratio of the new equivalent resistance to the old?
4 2 3
( 9, , , 1)
3 2

3. An electrical heater works on 220 V and it withdraws I = 0.5A, then the energy
consumed in two hours equals………..

(1584 KJ - 110KJ - 13.2 KJ - 792 KJ)

4. Which graph represents the relation between the electromotive force of a battery
and the total resistance of the circuit?
Vn Vn
Vn

Req Req
Req
5. A constant voltage power source is in circuit where the resistance is increased by
four, the voltage in the circuit:

(increases 2 times , increases 4 times , decrease to ¼ its value remains the same)

6. Two resistors 24 𝛀 and 12 𝛀 are connected in series and then in parallel, so:

(The equivalent resistance in case of series connection is greater than that in case of
parallel connection – The equivalent resistance in case of series – connection is less
than that in case of parallel connection – Both are wrong)

7. In the shown figure: which wire has higher resistivity?

(a , b , c , d)

8. A cell of emf (6V & = 0.1 𝛀 , then electrical energy consumed per second if a (R
= 3.9 𝛀 ) joined with the cell is……….. watt.

(8.775 , 5.85 , 1.5 , 9.23)

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9. In the circuit shown: If V = 20 volt.

The ammeter reading is…………..A
(72 , 3 , 5 , 64)

10. Reading of voltmeter is

a-VB-2IR b- IR/2 c- VB-I(R-r) d-IR

11. if The reading of voltmeter between a & b 30v the ammeter reads ( 1.6 -5-3)A

12. Two resistors, made of the same material, are connected in series to a battery.
The length of resistors X is twice that of resistor Y, and X has twice the cross-
sectional area of Y.

𝑹𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝑿
Which of the following gives ?
𝑹𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒀

a)¼ b) ½ c) 1 d) 4

13. 2 wires made of cu. length and mass of 1st one is (10m, 0.1 kg) and for 2nd (40m ,
0.2kg) then ratio between R1 / R2 = ………….
(1/8 - 1/4 - 1/1 - 1/16)
14. if you switch on a home 5 identical lamps each marked (220V – 110 watt) then
their total current is (2.5 / 10 / 0.5) A and their equivalent resistance is
(440 / 2200 / 88) ohm.
15. P, Q and S. three identical resistors. If key closed. reading of voltmeter
will…………………… . (increase / decrease / same)

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16. If the current passing in A1 is 1.6 Ampere, so the

current passing in A2 is……..

(0.8 A – 1.2 A – 1.6 A – 0.4 A – 4A)

17. The value of R in the following circuit equals.

(3 Ω - 6 Ω - 12 Ω - 18 Ω )

18. In circuit shown, the value of resistance (R) which makes

the equivalent resistance of this circuit equals 5.4 𝛀
is…………..

(2.5 Ω, 6 Ω , 12 Ω , 3 Ω )

19. The circuit in the figure shows a 9V supply connected

across three resistors in series. What is the potential
difference across the 3 ohms resistor?

(2.7 V , 1.8 V , 4.5 V , 7.2 V)

20. In the shown electric circuit, on closing the key, the

reading of the ammeter……………..

(increases , decreases , doesn’t change)

21. In the following figure, the reading of ammeter is……….

( ½ A , 2A , ¾ A)

22. In the circuit shown, if we neglect the internal

resistance of the battery, the ratio between e.m.f. of
the battery and the intensity of an electric current is
given by:
(3 , 6 , 8 , 10)

23. The current in the conductor yz is………..

(2A , 3A , 1A , 5A)

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24. In the shown figure: what happens to the voltmeter

reading if R increases?

(increases , decreases , doesn’t change)

25. In the shown figure : what happens to the voltmeter

reading if R increases?

(increases , decreases , doesn’t change)

26. In the shown figure : what happens to the voltmeter

reading if R increases?

(increases , decreases , doesn’t change)

27. In the shown figure: the potential difference through

4 𝛀 ………

(20 volt , 10 volt , 24 volt)

28. Two lamps have resistance R1 , R2 are connected in

parallel with an electric source. If R1> R2 , so the
lighting of…………….

(R1> R2 , R2 > R1 , R1= R2)

29. the ratio between equivalent resistances of group of parallel resistance to one of them

(𝐿𝐸𝑆𝑆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − = 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜) one

30. the ratio between terminal voltage to the emf of battery when key switch off

𝐿𝐸𝑆𝑆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − = 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜) one

31. the ratio between terminal voltage to the emf of battery when battery is charged is

𝐿𝐸𝑆𝑆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − = 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜) one

32. the ratio between one of parallel resistance to their equivalent resistance
𝐿𝐸𝑆𝑆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − = 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜) one

33. the ratio between value of ohmic resistance before to after doubling current
passing through it
𝐿𝐸𝑆𝑆 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − 𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 − = 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜) one

34. In the following circuit, ammeter (A1) read 2 A before

close key. After close key, reading of A2 becomes

(2.4 / 1.8 / 3.6/1.2 )A.

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35. When the current drawn by the home electric devices is doubled then the
consumed power:
(remains the same - increases 2 times - increases 4 times)

36. When the current passing in an ohmic resistance is doubled then the consumed power:
(remains the same - increases 2 times - increases 4 times)

37. Two conductors are of the same material, the length of the 2 nd one is double that
of the 1st one, and the diameter of the 1st one is half the diameter of the second
R
one then 2 is equal:
R1
(1 - ½ - 2)
38. A conductor is stretched to double its length then its resistance:

(is the same-increases 2 times-increases 4 times)

39. A conductor is folded on itself to decreases" its length to the half, then its resistance:
(the same - decreases to the half- decreases to quarter)

40. A cylindrical solid conductor is melted and reshaped to a cylindrical solid rod of
length 3 times its, initial length, then its resistance:
(is the same — increases 3 times - increases 9 times)

41. 3 resistors are connected in parallel, one of them is 1 then their equivalent
resistance =
(1 - less than 1 - greater than 1)
42. The equivalent resistance of 2 equal resistors connected in parallel is 2, then
their equivalent resistance when they are connected in series is:
(2 - 4 - 8).
43. In the shown circuit: The reading of ammeter
equals…………

(I , I/2 , I/3)

44. Two identical lamps each of resistance =R, if they are connected in series to a
source of emf = V, they consume power = ……, but if they are connected in
V 2 V 2 2V 2
parallel they consume power = ( − − ).
R 2R R
45. ratio between VB and terminal voltage , when circuit is closed is

(</>/=)1

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46. 3 identical lamps , each of resistance R .when connected in series

with source ( V volts ) consume power P1 . and when connected to
same source in parallel consume power P2 . then P2/P1 = ( 1/2/9/3)

47.if the power consumed in an ohmic resistance increase 4 times . then

the current intensity
( remain same /increase 2 times/increase 4 times )

48. in home electric devices . if consumed power increase 4 times then

the current intensity
( remain same / increase 2 times / increase 4 times )

49. 2 wires made of cu . length and mass of 1st one is ( 10 m , 0.1 Kg ) and
for 2nd ( 40 m , 0.2 Kg ) then ratio between R1 / R2 = ---------

( 1/8 – 1/4 – 1/1 – 1/16 ).

50. V across poles of battery = emf for all except -------------------------

(current pass and r =0/ no current pass and r not = o / current pass and r not = 0 ).

51.for series connection of different resistances , the ---------------------

One consume the max power ( Largest – smallest – first ) .

52. for parallel connection of different resistances , the ------------------

One consume the max power ( Largest – smallest – first ) .
53. 2 identical lamps each of resistance R .if they are connected in series
.to source of voltage V .they consume power ---------------------------but
if they are connected In parallel they consume power -----------------

( V2 / R – V2 / 2R – 2V2 / R ) .

54.if you switch on a home 5 identical lamps each marked ( 220 V – 110
watt) then their total current is ( 2.5 / 10 / 0.5 ) A and their equivalent
resistance is ( 440 /2200/ 88) ohm .

55. an ohmic resistance of 20 ohm . current pass in it = 2 A . if current

becomes 4 A . resistance of it now = ( 10 / 20 / 40 / 5 ) ohm .

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56. A wire . stretched uniformly and its length is doubled , so its

Resistance ------------------- . ( increase 4 times / decrease to quarter/
doubled / halved / still same )
57. watt is equivalent to ---------------------.

( j. sec /volt2.ohm / N.m.sec-1 ) .

58. p and Q , two identical resistors

When the key is closed . the current

Intensity in resistor (p) -----------------------

(doubled / halved / unchanged )

59. in the following circuit :

If resistor R is replaced by another one

Value of ---------------- will change .

( Ammeter / Voltmeter / Ammeter and voltmeter )

60. if 2 similar resistors , connected in series . then connected in parallel .

their total resistance will ----------------------------- .

(increase 4 times / decrease to quarter / unchanged )

61. The opposite table shows he characteristics of three metallic

conductors made of different materials (x , y , z)and have same cross
sectional area .

Conductor It’s length It’s resistance

X 2m 1 ohm
Y 3m 4ohm
z 3m 6ohm
a)Ratio between their conductivities (x : Y :Z ) is --------------------------
(8:3:2 – 0.5 :2:6 – 0.5 :0.75 : 9 )
b) which of these materials has high conductivity (x , Y , Z )

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62. 1st kirshoff's law applied on (node –loop-element ) and it is

application on conservation of (charge –voltage – work )
63. 2nd kirshoff's law applied on (node –loop-element ) and it is
application on conservation of (charge –current – energy )
64. in the following circuit . I equal

(3 – 19 – 8 -1 ) A

65. in the shown figure: three points with

potential difference (100 v – 80 v -50
v) respectively, then the potential of the point

X is…….. (10 – 20 – 30 – 60 ) volt

66.in the shown figure: if the voltmeter
connected between A,C it reads 12
volt the value of X is ………..
3
[ -1 – 2 – 4 ]
2

67. in the shown figure : the potential of point B is less than that of point
A by 9 volt . then the value of( Y)
is

[2-1-3-4-] ohm

68. In The shown figure :

if the consumed power in 3ohm

resistance ..is 12watt the the resistance R
equal ……… ohm
𝟕 𝟖 𝟓
[ , 2, , ]
𝟐 𝟑 𝟑

69-

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70- In the figure, a group of resistors is

connected with each other. If the equivalent
resistance of the group is 8 Ω, therefor the value
of resistance R is equal to:

(a) 9 Ω (b) 7 Ω (c) 4 Ω (d) 2 Ω

71- In the circuit shown, the value of resistance R which makes the
reading of the ammeter 2 A is equal to:

a) 2 Ω b) 6 Ω

c) 8 Ω d) 12 Ω

72- in the shown figure (N&M) connected with

different material at the same temperature
and have the same length

So the ratio RN/RM is :

(9/7 - 1/9 - 7/9 - 5/9)

73-In the shown circuit, if the filament of the lamp

(P) is fired, the reading of the voltmeter…. r=0 V R P
a) increases.
b) decreases.
c) not change.

74-Use the given figure to determine the ratio

between the readings of the two voltmeters
V 1 , V2 . R R v2 v1 R

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75-In the opposite figure, the potential of the point

(x) is greater than that of the point (y) by 24V, so the 2A
x 4 y I
current (I) is : 5A
a) 9A b) -9A
c) 3A d) -3A

100KΩ
76-as Resistance of voltmeter in
6V 100KΩ
Figure 100 KΩ . its reading will be...... V
100KΩ
.. (with neglect of internal resistance of the
battery)

(Zero - 2V - 3V - 4V)
VB = 12 v r=0
77)Read the voltmeter in the figure
equal..........

(4V - 6V - 8V - 12V) R R
V R

78-What happens to light bulbs A, B in the

circuit during the slider P moving from X to Y?
neglecting internal resistance

light bulb (A) light bulb (B)

1) Doesn’t change Increase

2) Increase Increase

3) Decrease Doesn’t change

4) Increase Decrease

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79-If the internal resistance of the battery is

negligible in the shown electric circuit and an
ammeter (A) reads 2 A when the switch is open.
The reading on the ammeter (A1) when the switch
is closed will be ……….. ampere.
( 0.5 – 1 – 2 – 4 )

80-in the opposite figure if the Rv is doubled

so the ratio between reading of two voltmeters
V1 to V2 (doubled - halved - inc four times - remain
constant)

81- in the following circuit , as key closed ,brightness

of B

(increase – decrease – same)

82-in the following circuit . current of battery

becomes -----------

when close the key .(VB /R – VB /2R -2VB /R )

83-in the following circuit . reading of V is (8 -6 -4 -12 )volt

84-If potential of (A) greater than (B) by 12V so the value of R

is……..
( 4 - 6 - 8 - 10 )ohm

85-

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86-

87-
In the circuit shown in the figure, the value of R equals ….. Ω.

a. 20 b. 40 c. 60

88- the voltmeter reading when closing the switch in the circuit shown in
the figure.

(INCREASES –DECREASES –REMAIN UNCHAGED)

89- When the key is closed .the brightness of the lamp -------------
-----

(increase / decrease / unchanged )

90-At the shown figure if the potential difference between

A and B is equal to the potential difference between A and
𝑰𝒙
C then the ratio between 𝑰𝒚 is equal: (1:2 - 2:1 – 2:3 – 3:2).

91- In the opposite circuit if the potential difference between x, y is 𝜋 volt then the total electric
current intensity (I) is ……. ampere.
𝜋 𝜋
a. 10 b. 5 𝜋 c. 5

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92- In the electric circuit shown in the figure, if the reading of ammeter (A,) equals
1.2 A then the reading of ammeter (A2) equals ………… ampere.
a.0.4 b.0.6 c.0.8

93- In the opposite circuit:

If the reading of voltmeter is 10 V then the internal resistance of the
dry cell is …………

a. 2 Ω b. 1 Ω c. 0

94) In the following figure( answer by greater than or less

than or equal)

if filament of x burn ,

reading of A2 --------------A1 and V2 ------------V1 Than the

previous readings

95-In The Shown figure : three identical lamps; what happen to brightness
of lamp A when key closed ? why ?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..

96) in the following circuit :

As key closed . reading of voltmeter and ammeter respectively :

a)increase – increase b)increase – decrease

c)decrease – increase d)decrease – decrease

97) In the opposite figure, value of I is ……….

a. 2 A b. 4 A

c. 6 A d. 12 A

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98) In the circuit shown in the figure, if the potential difference

between (x , y) is quarter the value between (z , y) then the value
of resistor R is …………. Ω
a. 5 b. 10
c. 20 d. 40

99) In the given circuit, the internal resistance of the battery equals:
a) 0.5Ω b) 1Ω c) 2Ω d) 4Ω 4 1A
14V
VB 4 4
100) A uniform wire of resistance 48 Ω is shaped as a closed ring. The ring is connected to a
battery across the terminals of its diameter as shown.
The equivalent resistance between the points A and B is:
a. 12 Ω
b. 24 Ω
c. 48 Ω
d. 96 Ω

101)φ In the opposite figure when the resistance of rheostat is increased, which of the
following choices represents the change in the reading of voltmeters (V1 and V2)

Choice Reading of V1 Reading of V2

(a) Increases Increases

(b) Decreases Increases

(c) Increases Decreases

(d) Decreases Decreases

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102) on joining two resistors R and 4 R In parallel with a battery, so the ratio between the
power lost In the resistor R is ………… the power lost In the resistor 4R.
a. Four times b. Double
c. Equals d. Quarter

103) In experiment to verify ohms law we get the

following relation in the opposite graph for a conductor
of length (L) if the conductor is cut in two half and we
use one of the two half to repeat the experiment which
of the following relation represent the relation between
V and (I)

104) in the opposite figure if potential difference

between A and B is 36V so the value of current
intensity that pass in R1 IN ampere is

A- 100 B- 5 C- 0.45 D-0.2

105)

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Important Questions
1. Which greater ? and why ?RESISTIVITY of wire of 20 cm length or that for same
wire or 40 cm length
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. The opposite graph illustrates the relation between electric resistance and the
reciprocal of cross-sectional area for three wires 1 , 2,3 of
different materials and equal lengths.

a- Which one of the wires has highest conductivity ? Why ?

(…………………………)

WHY:…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

b- If three wires made of these metals and have the same cross-sectional area are
connected in series in an electric circuit, which one of these wires has highest potential
difference across its terminals ? Why?

(……………………………..)

WHY:……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. The opposite figure represents the relation between the

electric resistance (R) and the length (𝓵) for a group of wires
from two different materials A , B having the same cross-
sectional area :

1- Which of the wire has higher resistivity? And why?

2- If the two wires are connected together in parallel in an electric circuit, which
one of them carries greater electric current ? And why?

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In the figure three identical lamps connected with negligible internal resistance
battery.

4)
-What happens to the lighting of the lamp B when the switch S is closed with
explanation?
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………
AND other time with non-neglected internal resistance
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5)A)choose :

In the circuit shown in figure, if the voltmeter reads 12 V therefore the

value of the e m f of the battery VB =

a) 18 V b) 19 V c) 20 V d) 21 V

B)Choose the correct answer:

A) In the opposite figure the potential difference between X and Y is

equal to:

a) 24 v b) 21v

c) 18 v d) 12 v

B) The value of I3 is :

a) 1.75 A b) 2 A

c) 2.25 A d) 2.5 A

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6)in the circuit shown in the figure, calculate the value of the
consumed power in X, Y, Z.

……………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………………………
…………

7) -In the shown circuit, 4 identical lamps. What

happens for the intensity

of light for the 2 lamps P1 ,P3 if the Lampe P2 is 1

P P3
fired. P2
P1: P4
……………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
P3: ………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
8) Mention 2 factors only to increase the current intensity in a closed
circuit.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9-Compare between:

Point of Connecting number (n) Connecting number (n)

comparison from identical lamps in from identical lamps in
series. parallel.
The current ……..……………………………… ……..……………………………
intensity in each ……..……………………………… ……..……………………………
lamp with respect
to the total
current.

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10- What is the result of?

a) Doubling the current in a conductor with respect to its resistance.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) Doubling the length of a conductor with respect to its specific
resistance.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11-Compare between:

Point of Kirchhoff's first law Kirchhoff's second law

comparison
The scientific ……..……………………………… ……..………………………………
concept on ……..……………………………… ……..………………………………
which each is ……..……………………………… ……..………………………………
depend.

12- In the given electric circuit, what would happen to the I + -

reading of both voltmeters (V1) and (V2) when increasing the
value of the variable
resistance (R1)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………… v1 v2
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………… R1 R2
……………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

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Problems :
1)In the following circuit finds:
A-total external resistance
B-total current
C-current intensity that flow in 12Ω

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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2)Four resistors are connected ins series to form a quadrilateral ABCD, such
that RAB = 5 Ω, RBC = 15 Ω , RCD= 10 Ω and RDA = 20 Ω . show how to
connect a battery of emf = 10 V with two of its vertices so that the circuit
shows the minimum resistance, & in this case what is the equivalent resistance
of the circuit? Find also the current intensity passing in the 5 Ω resistor if the
internal resistance of the battery = 0.5 Ω (r=4.5 I=1.8A)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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3)In the given circuit the voltmeter V1 reads 12 volts
when the switch K is opened . When K is closed V1 reads
9 volts and V2 reads 7.5 volts,
find the reading of the ammeter and values
of R & r(1.5V-1Ω-2Ω)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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4)Two similar wires made of same material each of length 50 cm and

cross-sectional area 2 mm2. When they are connected in series in an
electric circuit to a battery of internal resistance 0.5  an electric current
of intensity 2A flows. When the two wires are connected in parallel to
the same battery a current of 6A flows from the battery. Find:
i) The emf of the battery.
ii) The electrical conductivity of the wires material.
[9V – 1.25x105-1m-1]
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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5)A wire (ab) passing through it a current 3 mA connected with it a
parallel resistance of same type and length but it has three time
diameter of first .find total current that keep potential difference is
constant
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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6)If X,Y&Z three resistance of equal value and reading of A1 is 2A

Find:

1-potenial difference across Z

2-reading of A2 3-resistance of each one

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7)An electric resistance R measured by ohmmeter found to be 5.8 Ω then

the resistance inserted in a circuit as
in in figure so the ammeter reads 2A
find the percentage error in
ohmmeter reading
…………………………………………………………………
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8) Three equal resistor connected with battery of neglected internal
resistance as in figure if emf of battery 12 v
find

1-reading of voltmeter when key is opened

2-what happen to reading of ammeter when

key is closed and why
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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9) Calculate the value of equivalent resistance and the potential difference
across 5Ω
…………………………………………………………………………………………
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10)in the following circuit . if battery connect between b and a . total

resistance becomes 9 ohm . if battery connect between c and b .
calculate total resistance

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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11) A wire of regular Area of current 0.2 A and potential difference 2.4
Volt . reformed as rectangular ABCD were length of AB twice that of BC ,
calculate equivalent resistance when cell connected between
1)AB 2)AC
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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12) In the following circuit .find
1) I across battery
2) Current in 12,3 ohm
3)Power consumed at 8 ohm .
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
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13) 2 wires of same material . length of 1 st = 20 cm and mass = 1/4 kg .

length of 2nd = 80 cm and its mass = 1/8 kg . find R1 / R2
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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14)

In the following circuit : if power

consumed at 4 ohm = 16 watt
.calculate emf of battery used .
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15)In the following circuit find

1) Total current
2) P.d of 8 ohm
3) P.d of 10 ohm
4)P.d from( a to d)

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16)

In the following circuit :

When key open reading of V =
1.5 volt and becomes 1.2 when
closed .find :
1)Emf of battery
2)Current in 2 ohm
3)If another resistance connected with 2 ohm and current
becomes 0.25 A find value of this resistance and kind of
connection of it

In the shown electric Circuit . if the reading of the

voltmeter is 10 v .and it has very high resistance .
calculate the unknown resistance ( R )
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18) in an Exp to verify ohm’s law . the following results obtained , study
well graph and circuit then find R2 and current if VB becomes 16 volt .
state 2 factors affecting on Resistance
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19)this graph represent different potential difference of points that

appear on circuit , Study circuit and graph then find : reading of A &
value of R and emf of battery

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22)you have 4 resistors of value 4 ,10,12,40 ohm .are connected to

battery of internal resistance 1 ohm .if the current passing through
resistors 4 ohm and 10 ohm and in battery 0.75 A , 0.8 A ,1A
respectively.

1)draw a diagram that illustrate the way of connection of resistors 2)find

total resistance of circuit
3)find emf of battery
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23)four electric resistors (2-4-10-12 ) ohm are connected to a battery of
emf 6 volt ,and r =2 ohm .it is found that the electric current intensity
that flows through 4 ohm resistor double the value of the electric current
intensity that flows through 2 ohm

1)Show by drawing the way of connection these resistors together

2)Calculate the current intensity through the battery

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24) A straight wire of length 1m and radius 0.1cm, its resistivity= 𝝅 x10-7Ω.m
connected to electric source gives voltage 2V. Calculate:-
a) The resistance of the wire.
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b) The current intensity passing through it.

c) The magnetic flux density at 2cm of its axis.

d) The acting magnetic force on it when it is placed parallel to a uniform

magnetic field its density 0.4T.
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25)find

1-current flow in 12Ω 2-power consumed in 20Ω 3-potenial difference between

terminals of 9Ω

26)In the opposite circuit find

1-current intensity which flow in each battery

2-potenial difference between terminals of each battery

3-potenial difference across the 5Ω

(I1=2.35 , I2=3.82, I3=1.46A V1=V2=22.35V V3=15V)

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27)find equivalent resistance for the opposite figure by using Kirchhoff's laws
answer: 1.18Ω (school book)

1-potenial difference between A&B

2-The resistance R

3-Consumed power in 8 ohm

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29)

knowing that potential between A ,B =5V

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31) in the following circuit :

Find :

1)Emf of battery

2)total resistance of circuit

3)reading of ammeter
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32) in the following circuit . when key open . Ammeter read . 2 A . find it's
reading when key closed
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33) depending on the circuit Calculate .A

1) Vab
2) VB
3) R
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34) In the electrical circuit below, using I3

Kirchhoff's laws. Find:
I2 I1
1) Current of each branch.
A
2) Potential difference at point A.
2Ω 4Ω 5Ω
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VB = 7V VB = 10.5
……………………………………………………………………… r=1 Ω r=1 Ω V
……………………………………………………………………… 1Ω
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Eart
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h
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35) In the circuit shown in Figure, using Kirchhoff's circuit laws find: .A

1) Reading of ammeter.
VB = 20 v
C
2) The potential difference A
between the points A, B. r=1
12Ω 10Ω 5Ω
3) Potential difference at point X.
4Ω A 2Ω
VB = 30 v
X Y
7Ω
………………………………………………………………… r=1
4Ω B 8Ω
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36) In the opposite circuit:

Calculate the ammeter’s reading in case of closing and opening the
switch (S), knowing that the value of each resistance is 5 Ω.
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37) In the circuit shown in the figure, calculate the value of the
consumed power in X, Y, Z.
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38)in the following circuit , find :

1)current in each resistance

2)power consumed in circuit

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39) find Vb (potential of point B)?

40) Find I1 ,I2 ,I3

41) Find :

1) Reading of ammeter
2) power at 7.5 Ω
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42)

43) Find Vab , Vbd , Vad ?

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44- In the given circuit the voltmeter (V) reads 12 volt

when K1 & K2 are opened.

i) Find the internal resistance of the battery if the ammeter

reads 2A when K1 is closed and K2 is still opened.

ii) Find the resistance R if the ammeter reads 2.4 A when K1 &
K2 are closed.

Answer: VB = 12 volts.

Find the reading of voltmeter in the following cases :

(1) Switch K2 is closed, switch K1 is opened.

(2) Switch K2 is closed, switch K1 is closed.

(3) Switch K2 is opened, switch K1 is closed.

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46) Three resistances (60,40, 20) Ω are connected with a source of electric current if the potential
difference between the ends of each resistance is (30, 20, 50) volt respectively, show by drawing
the way of connection of these resistances then calculate the total resistance of the circuit.

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47) The opposite figure represents a part of

an electric circuit, calculate:

(1) The voltmeter’s reading (V).

(2) The value of resistance (R2).

48) 1- Write the statement of Kirchhoff’s 2nd law

2-find I1 and I2

Unknown current intensity in the figure

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51)-Find the value of I1 &I2 & I3 when the

Reading of the voltammeter is 13 V

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52- in the shown figure , rearrange the lamps from the
lowest to highest in brightness ?
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53- From The Shown Figure , what happen to the

brightness of these lamps if the filament of (R)
burned ?
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54-In the shown circuit. Calculate:-

10V
A-The potential difference between a,b. 2
a b
………………………………………………………………… 5
………………………………………………………………… 4V RL=3
L=0.1H
B-The consumed power in the circuit. 10
d c
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C-The consumed power in the circuit when the resistance 10Ω is

replaced by a capacitor of capacity 5 𝝁.F.
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55- Mention one use for each of the following:

1) Kirchhoff's laws.
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56-Three identical resistors are connected as shown to an electric cell of
negligible internal resistance.

1- What change in current intensity through

the electric cell happens when the resistor
X is replaced by a wire of zero resistance
(R = 0).
2- Find the ratio between the readings of
ammeter (A) before and after replacing of
resistor X.
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57-What happen to raeding of each

voltmeter if RV increases and key closed

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5

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59-In the circuit shown in the figure mention, what happens for the light of the three
bulbs when closing switch K.

a- I1 . I2 , I3

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

B-The accumulated charge on the two plate of capacitor

61) The following table represents the relation between the

current intensity (I) and the potential difference (V) between
the two points x, y in the opposite circuit:

(2) From the graph find :

(a) Value of a, b

(b) The value of resistance (R) in the circuit.

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62) In the opposite figure a part of an electric circuit, calculate :

(1) he value of the equivalent resistance.

(2) The current intensity passing in the resistor 20 Ω
(3) Potential difference between the two points c , d

(1) The current of the resistor 20 Ω

(2) The value of the resistor R

(3) The electromotive force VB

64) Using the data shown on the opposite electric circuit,

calculate the potential difference between the terminals of each of
: R1, R2, R3

(1) emf of the electric cell.

(2) Current intensity passing in the resistor 12 Ω and the current intensity
passing in the battery VB if another cell of 12 V is connected in series to the
resistor 12 Ω such that the positive pole of the cell is connected to point (a).

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66) In the circuit shown in the opposite figure :

If the consumed power in the resistor R is 12 W, calculate each of: R, I ,

I2 ,13

67) The following equations express an electric circuit:

I1 + I2 = I3

5 (Volt) = 5I1 + 2.5 I3

25 (Volt) = 7.5 I2 + 2.5 I3

(1) Draw the electric circuit.

(2) Calculate each unknown in the previous equations.

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68) In the given circuit; use Kirchhoff's laws
determine each of:
1-The reading of ammeter A.
2-The resistance value R.

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69) in the given circuit, the reading of ammeter is 2 A, calculate:

1-The value of total current passing from the source.
2-The value of resistance R.
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70) The opposite table gives some input and output values for the gates circuit that shown in the
following figure :

Input C D E Output
A B
0 1 1 0 0 1
0 0 0 …. 0 1
1 1 …. 1 …. 0
- Identify the type of the gates X, Y, Z

2- Complete the truth table.

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72) The figure shown represents, a part of electrical circuit, the potential difference
between c and b equals 3 V. What is the potential difference between a and d

a) 12V
b) 11V
c) 10V
d) 9V

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73) In an exp to study potential difference and current intensity at constant Temp . for
equivalent Resistance 4 resistors connected in series (x) and once in parallel (Y) . which graph
show result of this experiment

74) In the following circuit :

V1/V2 = 6

So R = ( 4 – 12 – 10 – 6 ) ohm

75) in which circuit from the following … as variable Resistance change .. brightness of lamp
will change :

76) in the following circuit :

3 identical lamps … as key closed

What's happen to brightness of each

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77) If the reading of V1 = 40 volt and V2 = 24 volt … find magnitude of resistance X

Find total resistance between A and B

Cu wires at same Temp . which wire has more resistance

and resistivity

80) in the following circuit . if total consumed power in circuit

equal 150 watt . R equal to ……….. ohm .

) 4 - 5 -6 - 2 )

81) In the following circuit ….. power consumed at R1 = ………………….. watt

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82) In the following circuit . find

Reading of ammeter

……………………. Volt

84) In the following circuits .. all Resistors are same and connected to same battery with
neglected internal resistance .arrange them according to increase cell current

85) Two conductor R1 and R2 .. made of

different material .the first wire of
resistivity double that for 2nd one .which
from the following pairs will indicate
areas and lengths will have same
resistance

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86) A resistor in a circuit dissipated energy at a rate of 1 watt , if the voltage across
the resistor is doubled . what will the new rate of energy dissipation ?

(0.25 watt – 0.5 watt – 2 watt – 4 watt )

φ87)choose :

In the electric circuit shown in the figure, the ratio between the reading
of voltmeter V1 and the reading of voltmeter V2 is:

a) 4

b) 2

c) 1

d) 0.25

88) choose :

The opposite figure shows the relation between the

potential difference across the poles of a cell in a
closed circuit and the current intensity through the
circuit. The internal resistance of the cell is:
a) 1.5 Ω b) 0.5 Ω

c) 2 Ω d) 4 Ω
89) choose :

A) In the circuit shown, the reading of

the ammeter (A) is ………….
(a) 0.38 A
(b) 1 A
(c) 1.25 A
(d) 2.14 A

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B) In the opposite figure the equivalent

resistance of this group of resistors is …………
(a) 1 Ω
(b) 9 Ω
(c) 6 Ω
(d) 3 Ω

90) Choose the correct answer:

A) In the circuit shown in the figure below, the value of the resistance
(R) that makes the reading of ammeter 5 A when the key (K) is
closed equals:

(a) 2 Ω

(b) 4 Ω

(d) 8 Ω

B) In the circuit shown in the figure below, the value of the resistance
(R) that makes the reading of the voltmeter 5
V is :
(a) 1.5 Ω
(b) 5 Ω
(c) 5.5 Ω
(d) 6 Ω

91)

In the circuit shown in the figure, calculate the

value of the current I2 and I3.

92-In the circuit shown in the figure, the reading of

voltmeter is 4 V, so the electric current intensity passing through the resistance 6 Ω
is:

a) 0.8 A
b) 0.1 A
c) 1.2 A

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d) 2.0 A
93-The figure shown represents a branching in an electric
circuit. Find the current in the branche X and the direction of the
current in the branch Y.
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94-Three resistors each of value R, which of the following figures give the smallest
value of resistance between X and Y.
a) (A)
b) (B)
c) (C)
d) (D)

95- In the circuit shown, the value of (VB)which makes the ammeter reading
equal to zero is

a) 12 V
b) 10V
c) 8 V
d) 6 V
96- Give reason for :

In the circuit shown, when the variable resistance increases,

the voltmeter reading (V1) increases and voltmeter reading
(V2) decreases.

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97- Choose the correct answer:
In the circuit shown in the figure, the ratio between the reading of the ammeter (A,)
to the reading of the ammeter (A2) is
1
a) 2
2
b) 1
1
c) 3
3
d) 1
98- In the circuit shown in the figure three lamps with different resistance each
lamp is working on 6 volt, so the e m f (VB) of the battery needed to operate
AB
these lamps is equal to r=o

a) 18V
b) 12V
A B

c) 9V
d) 6V C

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100-In the circuit as shown in the figure, if the reading of Ammeter 1 A the
reading of voltmeter is:

a) 3V
b) 6V
c) 7V
d) 9V

101-In the circuit shown in the figure, calculate

1- Current intensity passing through the resistance R.

2- The value of the resistance R.

102-Two Batteries (A) and (B) each of them connected in

separated circuit, represent by relation between
potential different between poles of battery and current
intensity graphically, as in shown :-

Find Ratio between internal resistance of two batteries

(give

a) reason)
b) Which battery have large emf ?

103-In the circuit diagram shown, find the reading of the ammeter (A), neglecting the
internal resistance of the two batteries (VB1 and VB2).

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103- Define
A) The electric resistance.
The opposition OF WIRE to the flow of the electric current.

B)The electromotive force of a battery.

The total work done to transfer a unit charge (1 coulomb) throughout the circuit
inside and outside the battery).

or : The potential difference between its poles when there is no current in the
circuit.

104- In the electric circuit shown , find the reading of the

ammeters (A1) and (A2).
( neglecting the internal resistance of the batteries)
4 = 6I1 + 4 I2

3 = 4 I1 + 4 I2

Reading of (A1) = 0.5 A

Reading of (A2) = I2 = 0.25 A

105- In the circuit shown in figure, what happens to the

voltmeter reading when the switch (K) is closed ?……

ANS: The voltmeter reading decreases.

106- What happens to each of the electrical conductivity

and the ohmic resistance of a metal wire when its length is reduced to
half and its cross-sectional area is doubled ?
ANS:

Electrical conductivity : does not change,

.ohmic resistance : decreases to the quarter

107- The graph shows the variation of the resistance (R) of each of two wires (X)
and (Y), of the same material as their length changes. Which wire is thicker ?
Justify your answer.

-Wire (Y) is thicker than wire (X)

ℓ 1
-According to the relation : R = ρ A , the slope of line ∝ A

∵ Slope of line (Y) is less than slope of line (X).

∴ Ay > Ax

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107- If the equivalent resistance of the shown part of an electric circuit is 5Ω, what
fs the value of R ?

R ×6
Req = +3=5
R+6

6R
=2
6+R

4R = 12

R=3Ω

108- In the circuit shown, calculate the current intensity

(I2), neglecting the internal resistance of the batteries.

I2 = I1 + I3 (1)
12=3 I1 + 4I2 (2)
5= 4 I2 + 2 I3 (3)
By subtracting (3) from: (2)
7 = -2I3 + 3I1 (4)
I2 = 1.5 A

109- Each of two identical resistances has a value of (R) Ω. Find the ratio of their
equivalent resistance when connected once in series and another in parallel,
respectively.

In series: Rs = 2R
R
In parallel: Rp = 2
Rs 4
The ratio: R =
p 1

110- Write down the scientific term expressed by the following statement:

A) "The flow of electric charges in a conducting material".

The electric current.

(B) "The reciprocal of the electric resistivity of a material".

The electric conductivity of the material.

Professional Series
-72-
Fight Till The End

111- Choose the correct answer:

On increasing the diameter of a metal wire to double, its electrical resistance
…………………
(a) decreases to quarter (b) decreases to half
(c) increases to double (d) increases to four times
Ans : (A) Decreases to quarter.

112- Write down the mathematical relation that

A)expresses the equivalent resistance of two resistors (R1) and (R2)

connected together in parallel.

1/Req = 1/R1 +1/R2

B) A number of identical electric resistors (n), the resistance of each (R), is

connected together in series. Write down the relation that gives their
equivalent resistance.

Req =nR

113- A copper wire is of length 30m, cross sectional area of 2 × 10-6m2 and
potential difference between its terminals 3 V. Calculate the current intensity
passing through it given that the resistivity of copper is 1.79 ×10-8 Ω.m
RA
Ƥe = L

= 1.79x10-8 x 30/(2x10-6)

=0.2685 ohm

I=V/R =3/0.2685 =11.17 volt

114- Two wires (ab) and (cd) of the same

material having the same length are
connected together in series in a closed
circuit. If the wire (ab) is thicker than the
wire (cd), which potential difference is
greater, that across the wire (ab) or across
the wire (cd)? Explain your answer.

ab is thicker than bc so

R ab is smaller than R bc so

voltage of bc is higher than voltage of ab

AS V= I R and current in series is constant so V 𝛼 R

Professional Series
-73-
Fight Till The End

115- What are the results based on connecting the lamps at home in parallel?
(Two points are required).

we can control each lamp separately and

voltage is constant in parallel connection

116- in the following circuit :

Find reading of voltmeter

I=12\ 2+22 = 0.5 A

V=VB-Ir ➔ V= 12- (o.5 x2 ) = 11 volt .

117- In the circuit diagram shown, find the ammeter reading (A).

20 V
I= = 4𝐴 I= R ,
5

I1= 3A IT RT = I1R1

118- In the circuit shown, find the ratio between the ammeter readings (A) before and after
switching the key (K) on, neglecting the internal resistance of the battery.

Professional Series
-74-
Fight Till The End

Notes
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Professional Series
-75-

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