University of Sargodha.

College of Engineering and Technology

Assignment of Metrology & Gauging.

Topic:-
Mechanical Methods of Measurement.

Submitted By:-
Muhammad Noman Shahid.
Submitted To:-
Sir Engr. Imran Abbas.
Roll No:-
BMTF18M002.
Class:-
BMTF18
 Mechanical Methods of Measurement.

Mechanical Measurement: -
The science of measurement is known as
metrology. Measurement is done to know whether the component which has been
manufactured is as per the requirements or not. Measurements will be of mainly
length, mass, time, angle, temperature, squareness, roundness, roughness,
parallelism etc.
Metrology is concerned with the establishment, reproduction,
conservation and transfer of units of measurement & their standards. For
engineering purposes, metrology is restricted to measurements of length and angle
& quantities which are expressed in linear or angular terms.

Names of Mechanical Measurement: -

1) Vernier Caliper.
2) Outside Micrometer.
3) Vernier Height Gauge.
4) Steel Scale.
5) Vernier Depth Gauge.
6) Vernier Bevel Protractor.
7) Plunger Dial Gauge.
8) Lever Dial Gauge.
9) Engineering Square.
10) V Block.
11) Radius Gauge.
12) Digital Vernier Caliper.
13) Digital Micrometer.
14) Inside Micrometer.
15) Depth Micrometer.
16) Measuring Tape.
17) Digital Height Gauge.
18) Electronic Height Gauge.
19) Digital Universal Caliper.
20) Sine Bar.
21) Digital Protractor.
01. Vernier Caliper: -
Vernier Caliper is a widely used linear measurement instrument
with a least count of 0.02 mm. It is used to measure linear dimensions like length, diameter,
depth.
It is Basic Instrument of measurement, consist of two types of scale.
The main scale and the Vernier scale that can slide along the main scale. Two types of
measurement we can do, the first one is through the external jaw (measure external
dimensions) and another one is internal jaw (measure internal dimensions).

02. Outside Micrometer: -

External Micrometer is also known as Outside Micrometer
or External Micrometer.
It is used to check outside diameter of circle by the means of accuracy of
0.01 mm or up to 0.001 mm.
03. Vernier Height Gauge: -
Vernier height gauge used to measure vertical dimension
from reference ground. Vernier Height Gauge consist of a graduated scale or bar is held in a
vertical position by a finely ground fixed base.
The graduated scale has least count of 0.02 mm like Vernier Caliper has. And the way of taking a
reading of measurement in Vernier Height Gauge is same as in Vernier gauge.

04. Steel Scale: -

Steel scale is single piece linear measuring instrument.
Steel scale indicates two units that are cm and inches, cm division on one side and inches, on
another side.
05. Vernier Depth Gauge: -
Vernier Depth Gauge as the name suggests is used to
measure the depth from the surface of reference of an object.

06. Vernier Bevel Protractor: -

A simple protractor is a basic device used for
measuring angles with a least count of 1° or ½°. Bevel Protractor is an angular measuring
instrument capable of measuring angles with a least count of 5’.

vernier bevel scale

The protractor dial is graduated in degrees with every tenth degree numbered. The sliding blade
is fitted into this dial I.e. it may be extended to either direction and set at an angle to the base.
07. Plunger Dial Gauge: -
The dial indicator or the Plunger dial gauge is one of the
simplest and the most widely used mechanical comparator.
First of all the use of plunger dial gauge used to compare work-pieces against a master.

08. Lever Dial Gauge: -

Lever Dial Gauge also knew as Test Indicator. It used to
measure sensitive contact.
Lever Dial gauge usually measure up to 0.80 mm. But some special type lever dial design for
measurement up to 2 mm.
09. Engineering Square: -
An engineering square also known as machinist square is
similar in size and construction to a try square.
It is a tool used for making straight lines and are used to measure angles.

10. V Block: -
In Industries where precise marking and firm holding of objects is required,
V-Blocks play a major role and are extremely important metalworking jigs.
The construction had two clamps: screw clamp and a U shaped handle like clamp and a V-block .
11. Radius Gauge: -
Gauges are derived from the French word”jauge” which means the result of the measurement.
We are all aware that gauges are used to measure the thickness, size or capacity of something.

12. Digital Vernier Caliper: -

Digital Vernier Caliper is upgrading version of Analog Vernier Caliper, which is a widely used
linear measurement instrument with a least count of 0.01 mm, more accurate than Analog.
This Digital type of vernier is similar to Analog Vernier Caliper Instead Dimension output in
Digital Manner that is more convinces than analog type.
13. Digital Micrometer: -
Digital Micrometer is a very popular instrument these days because of its easy of compactness of
taking an observation.
Digital Micrometer can observe measurement in mm or inch depend upon our need basis.

14. Inside Micrometer: -

Inside Micrometer is used to measure the larger internal dimension. Inside Micrometer can
measure the internal Diameter of holes and registers.
15. Depth Micrometer: -
We also measure depth through Vernier caliper, but Vernier
caliper does not deliver as much as accuracy and precision, because extension rod of Vernier
caliper has no standard, it used only for comparison purpose.
Depth micrometer used to measure the depth of an object with precision and accuracy with least
count of 0.01 mm. The measuring span is 25 mm just like in micrometer, that can change by
changing upsetting rod.

16. Measuring Tape: -

Measuring tape is used to measuring long distance.
17. Digital Height Gauge: -
The electronic Height gauge is very compact, simple, easy to use instrument widely used in
industries, tool rooms, workshops etc.
Some think you should consider while handling Electronic Height Gauge, Because of the cost of
Electronic Height gauge matter in any industries or organization.

18. Digital Universal Caliper: -

Digital universal caliper is widely used for measure inner and outer length of work-piece.
19. Sine Bar: -
Sine bar is a precision angle measuring instrument along with slip gauges. The name suggests
that Sine bar work on sine principle. Slip gauge used to build up the height of sine bar.
The required angle is obtained when the difference in height between the two rollers is equal to
the Sine of the angle multiplied by the distance between the centers of the rollers.

20. Digital Protractor: -

Digital Protractor measure an angle over 360 degree with a high
accuracy of 0.1 degree. Digital Protractor is very simple and ease to measure angle by just
putting between levels or surface.