ADVANCED INFORMATION

Laser Operator's Manual

ZQ1
As a structured light, the laser source ZQ product family offers both high performance and
outstanding beam properties. The newest developed ZQ1 improves the projection once
more. The laser, along with intelligent surveillance functions, enables a high stability in
performance and wavelength. Additionally, the user can configure and read a large amount
of the laser's parameters through. The software also allows the laser line generator to be
controlled remotely.

UI-ZL-150008-0.9-2017-09-13

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 CAUTION NOTE

PLEASE READ THE ENTIRE MANUAL BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO OPERATE

THIS PRODUCT.

OPERATING THIS PRODUCT USING PROCEDURES OTHER THAN THOSE SPECIFIED HEREIN
MAY RESULT IN HAZARDOUS RADIATION EXPOSURE OR FAILURE.

AVOID EXPOSURE TO DIRECT OR SCATTERED RADIATION FROM THE LASER.

It is extremely important to follow laser safety rules and wear appropriate protective
eyewear when working around these lasers. As a general rule, you should avoid eye or skin
exposure to direct or scattered radiation from these lasers.

All laser safety-warning labels are provided on the Unit and comply with IEC 60825-1

This Product is in full compliance with the European IEC 60825-1 and the United
States CDRH laser Safety Regulations.

CAUTION-
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those
specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.

Notice
Contents in this technical document can be changed without any notice due to the product
modification. In the absence of confirmation by device specification sheets, Z-LASER takes no
responsibility for any defects that may occur in equipment using any Z-LASER devices.

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1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 4
1.1 About this Document................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Application and Benefits of ZQ1 Laser ...................................................................... 4
1.4 Handling of the product ............................................................................................ 8
1.5 Assembly .................................................................................................................... 8
1.6 System........................................................................................................................ 9
1.6.1 Laser Driver Unit (LDU) ............................................................................................ 10
1.6.2 User Interface .......................................................................................................... 10

2. Optics.............................................................................................................. 10
2.1 Point laser ................................................................................................................ 10
2.1.1 Elliptical point .......................................................................................................... 10
2.1.2 Centric point ............................................................................................................ 10
2.2 Line generator.......................................................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Standard line generator ........................................................................................... 12
2.2.2 Extended line generator .......................................................................................... 12
2.2.3 Fine line generator................................................................................................... 12
2.3 Pattern generator (DOE) .......................................................................................... 12

3. Operating the laser module ............................................................................. 12

3.1 Power supply ........................................................................................................... 13
3.2 Electrical interfaces ................................................................................................. 13
3.3 Serial Interface ......................................................................................................... 17
3.3.1 RS232 Interface........................................................................................................ 18
3.3.2 I2C Interface............................................................................................................. 18
3.3.3 List of read telegrams .............................................................................................. 19
3.3.4 List of write telegrams ............................................................................................. 27
3.3.5 Communication Procedures .................................................................................... 29
3.3.6 Communication Status ............................................................................................ 30
3.4 System Status .......................................................................................................... 30
3.5 How to control the laser .......................................................................................... 34
3.5.1 Static laser output power via I2C............................................................................. 34
3.5.2 Failure Output – System Shutdown......................................................................... 34
3.6 Graphical User Interface .......................................................................................... 34
3.7 LED status indication ............................................................................................... 35
3.8 Typical operating errors........................................................................................... 36

4. Diagnosis and security functions ...................................................................... 37

5. Drawings ......................................................................................................... 38

6. Product Labelling............................................................................................. 39

7. Product Warranty............................................................................................ 39

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8. Service ............................................................................................................ 40

9. Disposal .......................................................................................................... 41

10. In the case of a damage ................................................................................... 41

11. Measurements ................................................................................................ 42

11.1 Power Stability (Example) ........................................................................................ 42
11.2 Optical characteristics (Example) ............................................................................ 42
11.3 Errata ....................................................................................................................... 42
11.4 Laser classification ................................................................................................... 43

12. Laser Safety ..................................................................................................... 43

13. Declaration of Conformity ............................................................................... 48

14. Glossary .......................................................................................................... 49

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1. Introduction

The “ZQ1” laser module is a customized laser module for integration into industrial products. It is a
very compact laser unit which includes the complete electronics as well. With up to 1.7 W output
power it provides enough power for most machine vision applications. Due to the free focus
functionality and an active temperature management the optical output performance in e.g. a line, is
nearly perfect and does not alter over temperature changes. Read the following user instructions
carefully to learn how to use and operate it as designed.

1.1 About this Document

This is a users’ manual in a preliminary version. Some descriptions of the ZQ1 product may not be clear
enough or may suffer a lack of details. At the time this document was issued some properties and some
product options were not yet released in their final form. Both, the description and the product itself
keep evolving based on customer feedback and ongoing product improvement.
Please read chapter 11.3 “Errata” for non-compliances with to the specification.

1.2 Application and Benefits of ZQ1 Laser

 High Power in a Compact Size
 Superior beam shaping
 Externally focusable

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  High Pointing stability
 Integrated monitoring and modulation features
 Ingress Protection Marking  IP67

Applications
 Machine Vision
 Industrial Inspection
 Bio-medical

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 1.3 Upon Receiving the Delivery
Upon receiving this delivery, please carefully check the product for potential damage. If you discover
any damage please report it immediately to Z-LASER. In the case of physical damage do not operate
the product!

This shipment contains the following parts:

- ZQ1 laser module with attached laser safety sticker and vinyl protection cap.
- Quick start guide and safety instructions.
- USB Stick with quick start guide, user’s manual, GUI Software installer.
- 2 meter power/control cable with 5-pin M12 connector.

If any of these components are missing, please contact Z-LASER and do not try to operate the product!

Save the shipping box and packing material for further shipping needs.

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The “ZQ1” laser module is a customized laser module for integration into industrial products. Read the
following user instructions carefully to learn how to use and operate it as designed. An active, or very
good passive, cooling capability must be provided and attached to the marked cooling plane.

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 1.4 Handling of the product
The “ZQ1” module is an IP67 rated laser projector, nevertheless ZQ1 should be handled with care.
Special attention is to be provided to the front protection glass. Prevent mechanical stress on the
stainless steel optical head.

IP67 (Ingress Protection Marking according to ISO 20653 and DIN EN 60529)
6  Dust tight. No ingress of dust; complete protection against contact (dust tight).
7  Immersion up to 1 m. Ingress of water in harmful quantity shall not be possible when the enclosure
is immersed in water under defined conditions of pressure and time (up to 1 m of submersion).
Notice:
If only the 5-pin M12 connector is used for operation, the supplied metal protective cap (IP67 rated)
must be screwed onto the 8-pin M12 connector. Only then is the IP67 class guaranteed.
The control electronics of the “ZQ1” module and the metal housing provides active and passive
protection against ESD but proper handling is essential. Care must be taken regarding the correct
electrical connection; the instruction for correct electrical connection is found in section 3 “Operating
the laser module”.
Please contact the Z-LASER service department in case of uncertainties.

1.5 Assembly
The “ZQ1” module should be operated with sufficient cooling capabilities. While it is possible to power
up the module and transmit various serial communication telegrams without any special cooling, it is
strongly recommended not to switch on the laser sources without a sufficient active or passive cooling
system attached to the cooling plane (Take care for sufficient heat conductivity of the mounting).
The ZQ1 laser module can be attached to a heat sink flexible. The two removable fixing tabs can be
easily attached by the user for a several different configuration.

Electrical power supply and operation control signaling must be provided according to instructions
given in this document.

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Please do not disassemble the ZQ1 laser module.

1.6 System
The core component of ZQ1 is the laser driver unit (LDU) with integrated micro controller (MCU), TEC
controller and a laser diode. The LDU provides various user interfaces.
Feature Requirement Comment Reference
Operating -10°C … +50°C (Case Temperature Attention: the
Temperature of the laser module) LDU will switch
off the laser when
the temperature
exceeds the
specified limits
Storage -40°C - +85°C Ambient
Temperature Temperature
Humidity 95% non-condensing
Overall Power < 40 W Worst case
Dissipation condition in CW
mode. Depending
on laser diode and
operating voltage.
Supply Voltage 12 … 24 VDC
(VCC)
Max Operating < 4.0 A
Current
Maximum power Up to 900 mW (405 nm) Depending on
Up to 1300 mW (450 nm) Laser diode,
Up to 700 mW (520 nm) please contact Z-
Up to 550 mW (640 nm) LASER
Up to 400 mW (670 nm)
Up to 1700 mW (808 nm)
Power stability < ± 1% in steady state (1h, T=const) Depending on
< ± 2.5 % over entire temperature Laser Diode
range
< ± 10% over entire lifetime
Laser safety class 3B or 4 Depending on
laser diode and
projection.
Attention:
reducing the
intensity via
Analog
Modulation (X2.4)
does not change

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 the laser
classification
MTTF (constant >10000 hours @ 25 °C diode case Limited by the
operation) laser diode.

1.6.1 Laser Driver Unit (LDU)

The laser driver unit incorporates the core functionality and the main intelligence of the laser system.
It is built on a single PCB that beside the laser driver provides also Peltier cooling controllers (TEC). Two
serial two-wire communication interfaces (TWI) are provided (RS232 and I2C slave interface).

1.6.2 User Interface

The LDU has two external connectors, X1 and X2.

2. Optics

A wide range of laser types at many different wavelengths and laser power levels are available for ZQ1.
Some major configurations are documented here; custom configurations are available on request.

2.1 Point laser

On request. Not for all Wavelength and power available.

2.1.1 Elliptical point

On request.

2.1.2 Centric point

On request.

2.2 Line generator

Wavelength Focusing options and constant DOF options and constant

(nm) elp** slp** elp** slp**
450 0,90 1,03 1,03 1,78
638 0,98 0,90 0,90 0,98
670 1,00 1,00 1,00 1,00
808 1,16 1,14 1,14 1,24
- slp** = standard line Powell; standard setup with medium line width and depth of focus
- elp** = extended line Powell; lines with advanced depth of focus and thicker lines

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The graphs above show the values for line width and depth of focus of a 670 nm laser. To get
the values for a different wavelength the factor from the table has to be multiplied by the
values from the graphs.
Example: 670 nm laser focused at 1 m working distance: line width approx. 110 μm; Depth of
focus approx. 105 mm (@ slp** optic, values from the graphs)
Calculated: 450 nm laser focused at 1m working distance: line width ca. 110 μm x 1.03 = 113
μm; Depth of focus approx. 105 mm x 1.78 = 187 mm
*Values in the graphs for homogenous line profiles.
Note: The line parameter depend from the output power.

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2.2.1 Standard line generator
Standard line Powell: standard setup with medium line width and depth of focus.

2.2.2 Extended line generator

Extended line Powell: lines with advanced depth of focus and thicker lines.
Note: 90° fan angle is with -elp configuration not available.

2.2.3 Fine line generator

On request.

2.3 Pattern generator (DOE)

On request.

3. Operating the laser module

The “ZQ1” module is shipped with a pre-set optical output power for each sub module. The pre-set
power values are regarded the maximum power values – or 100% of the optical output values that can
be gained from each module.
Please be certain that before operating the laser module you have taken all aspects of laser safety into
consideration. (Refer to Chapter 12 of the user`s manual). Keep the safety cap closed at the laser
output or mount it in fixed position in front of a photo detector. Make sure that no human being is
accidentally exposed to laser radiation.
First steps to a basic operation of the laser module could be as follows:

1. Be certain that the “ZQ1” laser module is assembled correctly and mounted on a proper heat
sink. Mounting must be flat and air gaps should be avoided by using heat sink compound.
2. Prepare a proper cabling for X1 and X2, refer to chapter 3.2 of the user’s manual for details
3. Connect a 12-24 VDC power supply to the X1 connector. Be sure it can source more than 40
Watt.
4. Connect X1.2 and apply appropriate signals (TTL Level, protected up to 24VDC) to the digital
trigger input to switch the laser on (green LED starts blinking).
5. By default is System Enable not active. If activated from user please connect additionally short
X2.6 and X2.8 to switch the laser light on.

Protection cap:
The cap serves to protect the laser during transportation, storage or inactivity. To remove or put the
cap just pull or slide it. There can be a depression, which inhibit the procedure, in this case you can add
a twist movement.
DO NOT USE the cap to block laser light. Heated plastic could contaminate the optical components.
With damage to the cap, an uncontrolled laser light emission take place.

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 3.1 Power supply
The “ZQ1” Laser module can be supplied by 12-24 VDC. The Supply input on X1 is protected against
excessive inrush currents, reverse polarity and transient over voltages.
There is no ON-switch and shutter. When supply voltage is applied, the module starts powering up and
self-testing the entire system and verifying the safety architecture. After the warm-up stage (<3min)
the laser starts to emit (if TTL Trigger Signal is applied).
System integrity tests are only conducted after powering up the “ZQ1” laser module. To prevent
undetected accumulations of failures, the module should be power cycled on a regular base, e.g. once
every 24h. An integrated ON-time counter can be read out via TWI telegrams or the GUI and indicates
the time passed by since the last system integrity test.
It is not recommended to disconnect the supply voltage from a running system, uncompleted TWI
transmissions might lead to undefined settings.
A controlled power-down procedure initiated by the appropriate TWI command ensures that all
important settings and parameters are stored in a safe way within the non-volatile memory. The laser
sources and all other system resources are powered down in a way that prevents intermediate light
emission or storing of energy in capacitors and inductors.

3.2 Electrical interfaces

ZQ1 has two electrical interfaces (X1 and X2). Basically for simple operation is enough to connect X1.
To use the full functionality however, both must be used at the same time. Both electrical interfaces
are as M12 industrial standard male connects implemented. X1 is a 5-Pin M12 with A-Coding and X2 is
an 8-Pin M12 with A-Coding.

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M12 industrial standard connectors at the ZQ1.
Feature Reference
X1 (5-Pin M12 A-Coding):
The pin assignment on the X1 matches the other Z-LASER products with M12
Connector and provide the power supply, TTL Trigger, Analog Intensity control Pin
and additional Fail-Out Output.

M12 5-Pin A-Coding Male Connector

According to IEC 61076-2-101

X1.1 VCC (12-24 VDC)

X1.2 Digital-Modulation (TTL signaling level related to Signal-GND)
X1.3 GND
X1.4 Analog Modulation (0-2V signaling level related to Signal-GND)
X1.5 Fail Out
Attention: the “analog modulation” input has an internal pullup resistor. This leads
to 100% of nominal laser power if the pin is not driven by an external source. As a
side effect the laser is on with 100% of nominal laser power if the analog
modulation input is directly connected to the digital modulation input.

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Attention: reducing the intensity via Analog Modulation (X2.4) does not change the
laser classification.
Reducing the intensity via Analog Modulation (X2.4) effect the intensity distribution
along the line. For more Information please refer to ….

X1 makes the “ZQ1” pin compatible to Z-Laser’s ZM18 and ZM12 models. Please
take attention of the power rating of the power supply.
Feature Spec Comment Reference
VCC 12-24 VDC ± 10 %
X1.1 With Inrush current limiter and
reverse polarity protection.
Standard burst and surge
protected.
Digital < 200 kHz (without overshot) „PWM
Modulation transmission
(PWM) PWM transmission error error“: when a
X1.2 < ± 2% @ 10 kHz PWM signal at a
< ± 5% @ 100 kHz 50% power level
(duty cycle) is
PWM input with programmable translated to a
polarity, TTL signaling: 45% laser power
VIL_max: < +1.2 Volt level – the
VIH_min: > +2.8 Volt transmission error
is -10%. Typically
Reverse polarity protected the transmission
error is caused by
Overvoltage protected up to 30 V turn-on-delays of
the laser diode.

GND Common ground System Ground, please

X1.3 maintain proper
connectivity

Analogue Real time analog power control “nominal” laser

Modulation input power adjusted by
X1.4 customer or
Linear range: 10%...100% of absolute
nominal laser power. maximum power
1% correspond to circa 10mW that has been
optical power. calibrated at Z-
Laser
Resolution: < 10µW
Attention:
Response Time < 100ms reducing the
intensity via

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 Usable input range 0.0 …. 2.0 Volt Analog
Modulation (X1.4)
Reverse polarity protected does not change
the laser
Overvoltage protected up to 30 V classification

Internal Pullup Resistor leads to

100% of nominal laser power if
undriven

Reducing the intensity via Analog

Modulation (X2.4) effect the intensity
distribution along the line. For more
Information please refer to Chapter
11.2
Fail Out Open drain OUTPUT with Active low signal that
X1.5 integrated 47 kΩ pull-up resistor statically indicates all
detected warning
to the external VCC level (12- conditions as well as
24VDC) “system startup”
status

Feature Reference
X2 (8-Pin M12 A-Coding):
The X2 connector provides two pins for RS-232 communication, two pins for I2C,
Fail Out Pin and GND Pin .X2 provides System Enable control pins (IN and OUT) as
well.

M12 8-Pin A-Coding Male Connector

According to IEC 61076-2-101

X2.1 Rx-D (RS-232 wire - non isolated signal related to GND )

X2.2 Tx-D (RS-232 wire - non isolated signal related to GND )
X2.3 SCL Slave I2C
X2.4 SDA Slave I2C
X2.5 Fail Out
X2.6 System Enable OUT

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 X2.7 GND
X2.8 System Enable IN

Feature Spec Comment Reference

Rx-D Active state: +3V…+15V ANSI/EIA/TIA-232-
X2.1 Inactive state: -3V…-15V F-1997
Tx-D Active state: +3V…+15V ANSI/EIA/TIA-232-
X2.2 Inactive state: -3V…-15V F-1997
SCL 3.3 Volt signal level No internal pullup
X2.3 (5V compatible) resistor
SDA 3.3 Volt signal level No internal pullup
X2.4 (5V compatible) resistor
Fail Out Open drain OUTPUT with Active low signal
X2.5 integrated 47 kΩ pull-up resistor to that statically
the external VCC level (12-24VDC) indicates all
detected warning
conditions as well
as “system
startup” status
System Enable No external signal required. If System No laser operation
OUT Enabled is activated by the user (GUI is possible without
X2.6 or command), System Enable In and an enabled system
Out need to be shorted with each (system enable is
other for the laser to emit. Can be
by factory default
used as hardware interlock.
disabled).

V- GND System Ground,

X2.7 please maintain
proper
connectivity
System Enable IN No external signal required. If System No laser operation
X2.8 Enabled is activated by the user (GUI is possible without
or command), System Enable In and an enabled system
Out need to be shorted with each (system enable is
other for the laser to emit. Can be
by factory default
used as hardware interlock
disabled).

3.3 Serial Interface

The ZQ1 module can be controlled by user commands being transmitted via a serial interface (TWI).
Two transmission standards are supported on dedicated IO-Pins on X2, RS232 and I²C. When the I²C
interface is used, external pull-up resistors must be implemented.

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3.3.1 RS232 Interface
 Up to 19 200 Baud
 No parity
 1 Stop bit
 8 Data bits
 Half duplex communication
Every Sequence (read and write transmissions) must be terminated by an inactive phase of at least 2
ms and a successful transmission of the respective response by ZQ1.
The serial interface protocol for RS232 telegrams is completely identical to I2C-telegrams. However no
device-ID byte is transmitted when RS232 is used; see light green telegram byte for I2C transmissions
below. So the given documentation refers to I2C but is valid for RS232 as well.

3.3.2 I2C Interface

The I2C communication interface is operated via SDA and SCL (X2.4 and X2.3) according to standardized
physical I2C protocol definition up to 100 Kbit/s. No Pull-up resistors are implemented for both wires;
this must be done on the host side. A proper GND reference of the applied signals has to be ensured.
Signal-GND (X2.7) can be used for this.
Please refer to the original Philips specification that can be found at this URL:
http://www.nxp.com/documents/user_manual/UM10204.pdf
Feature Reference
The default device-ID of the laser module is 0x88 (WR). It can be permanently re-
programmed however (see below, always depicted in light green)
Standard I2C Telegrams are supported; every I2C telegram contains a write
transmission and one or more read transmission of a defined length.

Write transmission
The write transmission contains the write-device-ID (WR-Device-ID), a command
ID (CMD-ID) and a 16-bit CRC checksum Telegram (CRC TGM). Optionally a data
payload of one or more bytes can be inserted.
Example:

WR-Device-ID CMD Byte Data Byte 0….N CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

Read transmission
The subsequent read transmission(s) contain the read-device-ID, a data payload of
one or more data bytes and a 16-bit CRC checksum Telegram for the telegram. Every
read transmission has a predefined number of bytes - for every SET command the
read transmission contains the system status which indicates the success of the
transmitted write telegram.

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 For write telegrams the read transmission can be repeated multiple times until the
status indicates a successful completion of the command processing (busy bit = 0)
For read telegrams that cannot provide instantaneous data to return, the read
transmission does not contain data payloads else then the system status followed by
the CRC (data byte count = 0). To provide the expected transmission length, fill bytes
are appended. This is indicated to the I2C host by an active “busy” flag in the system
status byte (Bit 0 = 1). The read transmission can be repeated multiple times until the
busy bit is reset (Bit 0 = 0) and valid data bytes are returned.
Other circumstances where no data is returned:
Error flag (bit 1 = 1) – e.g. the command byte has not been interpreted correctly
NACK flag (bit 3 = 1) – e.g. premature new command received when previous
command has not yet been executed successfully.
Example:

RD-Device-ID System Status Data Byte 0….N CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

System Status Byte

Bit-defines for Status Byte Bit
RDY_BSY_FLAG 0
CRC_ERROR_FLAG 1
PASSWORD_ERROR_FLAG 2
COMMAND_ERROR_FLAG 3
WARNING_BIT* 4
ERROR_BIT* 5
PASSWORD_SET_FLAG 6
CRC_OFF_FLAG 7
*see Errata
The CRC calculation is based on these Polynomials:

CRC-CCITT: 0x1021 = x16 + x12 + x5 + 1

CRC-TGM refers to the entire telegram except the WR- and RD-device-ID.

A simple CRC calculator is given here:

http://www.zorc.breitbandkatze.de/crc.html

3.3.3 List of read telegrams

Feature Reference
GET_LAS_STATUS– reads the system status byte. The system status indicates the
successful completion of the previous write transmission.

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 WR-Device-ID CMD (0x60) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Laser Status 4 Warn. Bytes 4 Error Bytes

CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

System Status Byte Codes:

Bit 0 Busy-Flag (1 = telegram not yet completely processed)

Bit 1 Telegram Error Flag (current telegram)

Bit 2 Password Error Flag (wrong password)

Bit 3 Command Error (NACK) Flag (1 = telegram discarded, e.g. premature

telegram)

Bit 4 Warning Flag (laser gives back a warning. See warning codes)

Bit 5 Error Flag (laser gives back an error. See error codes)

Bit 6 Password Set Flag (the password is set)

Bit 7 CRC OFF Flag (Cyclic Redundancy Check is disabled)

Laser Status Byte Codes:

Bit 0 Laser ON_OFF Flag

Bit 1 LD Warning over temperature Flag

Bit 2 LD Warning under temperature Flag

Bit 3 LD Shutdown over temperature Flag

Bit 4 LD Shutdown under temperature Flag

Bit 5 LD NTC problem Flag

Bit 6 LD small power factor Flag

Bit 7 Fail Out ON_OFF Flag

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Warning class 1 Codes – can’t be reset during runtime
Bit 0 WARNING_1_TEC_CURRENT

Warning class 2 Codes – can be reset during runtime

Bit 6 WARNING_2_INVALID_CMD_FRAME
Bit 7 WARNING_2_CMD_OUT_OF_RANGE
Bit 8 WARNING_2_ACCESS_VIOLATION
Bit 9 WARNING_2_LD_OVERTEMP
Bit 10 WARNING_2_LD_UNDERTEMP
Bit 11 WARNING_2_END_OF_LIFE
Bit 12 WARNING_2_CAL_T_MIN_MAX_LIMIT
Bit 13 WARNING_2_NO_CALIBRATION
Bit 14 WARNING_2_EXTRAPOLATION
Bit 15 WARNING_2_CASE_OVERTEMP
Bit 16 WARNING_2_CASE_UNDERTEMP
Bit 17 WARNING_2_SYSTEM_ENABLE

Error Codes (MSB first) - can't be reset during runtime

Bit 0 ERROR_FLASH_CHECK
Bit 1 ERROR_EEPROM_CHECK
Bit 2 ERROR_RAM_CHECK
Bit 3 ERROR_CPU_CHECK (Interrupt and Timer Check)
Bit 4 ERROR_WATCHDOG_CHECK
Bit 5 ERROR_PELTIER_VERIFICATION
Bit 6 ERROR_WATCHDOG_RESET
Bit 7 ERROR_P_SET
Bit 8 ERROR_CMD_EXECUTION
Bit 9 ERROR_TWI_ERROR
Bit 10 ERROR_UART_ERROR
Bit 11 ERROR_MISSING_CALIB
Bit 12 ERROR_OVER_CURRENT
Bit 13 ERROR_UNDER_CURRENT
Bit 14 ERROR_CASE_OVERTEMP
Bit 15 ERROR_CASE_UNDERTEMP
Bit 16 ERROR_SHTDWN_DETECTED
Bit 17 ERROR_RAM_VARIABLE
Bit 18 ERROR_CALIBRATION_TABLE
Bit 19 ERROR_INTERPOLATION_TABLE
Bit 20 ERROR_LD_OVERTEMP
Bit 21 ERROR_LD_UNDERTEMP
Bit 22 ERROR_NTC_DIFF
Bit 23 ERROR_START_UP_TEST

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GET_OPERATION_STATUS – reads the system operation status byte. The operation
status indicates the status of the system acc. to 3.4.
Please note these inconsistencies:
- The POWERDOWN Status cannot be read, when it is active.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x84) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Op. Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

Module Status Byte Codes

0x00 OP_STAT_SYSTEM_STARTUP

0x01 OP_STAT_STANDBY

0x02 OP_STAT_READY_OPERATION

0x03 OP_STAT_SERVICE

0x04 OP_STAT_FAILURE

0x05 OP_STAT_POWERDOWN

0x06 OP_STAT_LD_TEST

GET_CLR_TWI_STATUS - reads the TWI Status Byte and clear busy, password, CRC and
command error status flags.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x46) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

Bits of the mode Byte

Bit 0 Enable on/off the digital modulation control input (1 == on)

Bit 1 Invert the digital modulation control input ( 1 == inverted)

Bit 2 Enable “System Enable” control input ( 1 == enabled)

This Bit cannot be modified in SFTY configurations

Bit 3 Enable on/off the analog modulation control input (1 == on)

GET_POWER_VALUE - reads the current laser power as percentage (unsigned

character – single byte) of nominal laser power
Example: 0x64  0d100  100% of nominal laser power.

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 WR-Device-ID CMD (0x4E) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Power Value CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

This command returns the programmed laser power. This command does not advise if
the laser is switched on or off. GET_LASER must be used therefore.

GET_UART_BAUDRATE - reads the UART Baudrate as unsigned integer value (2 bytes)

in Baud*100
Example: 0x00C0  0d192  19200 Baud

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xD4) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Baud Hi-Byte Baud Lo-Byte CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_TWI_ADDRESS - reads the I2C Address as unsigned integer value (1 byte)

default Address 0x88

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xFC) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status TWI-Address CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_LD_TEMP_CELCIUS - reads the laser diode temperature as unsigned integer value

(2 bytes) in °C/100
Example: 0x0A13  0d2579  25,79°C

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x40) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Temp Hi-Byte Temp Lo-Byte CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_PELTIER_TEMP_CELCIUS - reads the Peltier element temperature as unsigned

integer value (2 bytes) in °C/100

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xB6) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Temp Hi-Byte Temp Lo-Byte CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_CASE_TEMP_CELCIUS - reads the laser module case temperature as unsigned

integer value (2 bytes) in °C/100

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 WR-Device-ID CMD (0x04) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Temp Hi-Byte Temp Lo-Byte CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_LD_CURRENT - reads the laser current as unsigned integer value (2 bytes) in mA.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x12) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Current Hi-Byte Curr Lo-Byte CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_TEC_CURRENT - reads the TEC current as unsigned integer value (2 bytes) in mA.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x0E) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Current Hi-Byte Curr Lo-Byte CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_CALIBRATED_LASER - reads the calibrated laser power in 1 mW steps as unsigned

character and wavelength in nm as unsigned integer (2 byte). This command returns
the 100% nominal laser power at the end of the output as well as its wavelength.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x7E) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Power Value Hi Power Value Lo Wavelength-Hi

Wavelength-Lo CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_LASER_ON_TIME - reads the laser diodes accumulated operating hours as

unsigned integer value (2 bytes for hours and 1 Byte for minutes) in hours and
minutes.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x9C) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Time Hours Hi Time Hours Lo Time Minutes CRC-TGM Hi

CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_ ON_TIME - reads the laser module total operating time after the first power-on
as unsigned integer value (2 bytes for hours and 1 Byte for minutes) in hours and
minutes.

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 WR-Device-ID CMD (0x22) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Time Hours Hi Time Hours Lo Time Minutes CRC-TGM Hi

CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_FW_VERSION - reads the firmware version as unsigned integer value (3 bytes)

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xF0) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Major Vers. Middle Vers. Minor Vers. CRC-TGM Hi

CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_HW_VERSION -reads the hardware version as unsigned integer value (3 bytes)

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x6E) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Major Vers. Middle Vers. Minor Vers. CRC-TGM Hi

CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_MANUFACTURER_ID - reads the manufacturer product ID and technology as 8

ASCII bytes (0x2D…0x5A).

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xBA) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status 8 data bytes CRC-TGM

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_SERIAL_NO - get the serial number by 10 ASCII bytes (0x30…0x39) – can only be
set in the authorized service status

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xF2) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status 10 data bytes CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_ANALOG_MOD_ON_OFF- get the analog modulation ON/OFF flag (bit 0). 1 

ON; 0  OFF

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WR-Device-ID CMD (0x66) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Data On/Off CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_DIG_MOD_ON_OFF- get the digital modulation ON/OFF flag (bit 0). 1  ON; 0 
OFF

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x68) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Data On/Off CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_INV_DIG_MOD_ON_OFF- get the invert digital modulation ON/OFF flag (bit 0).
1  ON; 0  OFF

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xXX) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Data On/Off CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

GET_SYSTEM_ENABLE_ON_OFF- get the system enable ON/OFF flag (bit 0). 1  ON; 0
 OFF

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x8A) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status Data On/Off CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(Status followed by CRC and trailing fill bytes when data cannot be returned instantaneously)

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3.3.4 List of write telegrams
Feature Reference
SET_CRC_ON_OFF
disable CRC checks for the entire system (unsigned character: 0 = CRC checks on, 1 =
CRC checks off) – default is to always check CRC’s

This command is only meant to support the user during lab setup and evaluation
work. Some terminal programs cannot calculate CRC data dynamically. CRC checks are
essential for system integrity and functional safety requirements.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x47) Parameter CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

Example for the entire system:

Write (WR-device-ID, 0x47, 0x80, 0x18, 0xDC)
Read (RD-device-ID, 0x00, 0x??, 0x??)

This setting cannot be stored permanently; it will turn back to the default value after
the next power cycle.

SET_UART_BAUDRATE - programs the communication speed between the host PC

and the laser module as bps/100 (see example below). The possible Baudrates are:
2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 57600, 115200 bps.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xD3) Parameter Parameter CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

Example for 19200 bps:

Write (WR-device-ID, 0xD3, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x29, 0x14)
Read (RD-device-ID, 0x00, 0x??, 0x??)

This setting cannot be stored permanently; it will turn back to the default value after
the next power cycle.

SET_POWER_VALUE - programs the laser current statically (DAC setting) as

percentage (unsigned character – single byte) of nominal laser power.
WR-Device-ID CMD (0x4F) Power Value CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

Linear range: 10%...100% of nominal laser power. 1% correspond to circa 10mW

optical power.

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Attention: reducing the laser intensity via SET_POWER_VALUE command does
not change the laser classification
SET_LASER_ON - Switch ON the laser.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x41) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_LASER_OFF - Switch OFF the laser.

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x43) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_LASER_ON_OFF - Switch ON or OFF the laser.

(unsigned character: 0 = LASER on, 1 = LASER off)

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x45) Parameter CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_ANALOG_MOD_ON_OFF- Switch the external analog modulation ON or OFF

(unsigned character: 1 = ANA_MOD on, 0 = ANA_MOD off)

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x67) Parameter CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_DIGITAL_MOD_ON_OFF- Switch the external digital modulation ON or OFF

(unsigned character: 1 = DIG_MOD on, 0 = DIG_MOD off)

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x69) Parameter CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_INVERT_DIGITAL_MOD_ON_OFF- Switch the invert external digital modulation

ON or OFF (unsigned character: 1 = INV_DIG_MOD on, 0 = INV_DIG_MOD off)

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 WR-Device-ID CMD (0xXX) Parameter CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_SYSTEM_ENABLE_ON_OFF- Switch the System Enable OUT/IN ON or OFF

(unsigned character: 1 = SE on, 0 = SE off)

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x8B) Parameter CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_DEFAULT_POW_FACT - save current laser power value to a non-volatile

memory
* Before sending the “SET_DEFAULT_POW_FACT”, must the analog modulation
switched off with command: “SET_ANALOG_MOD_ON_OFF”

WR-Device-ID CMD (0xF7) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

SET_REVERT_POW_FACTOR - sets laser power of an LDU to the factory calibrated

value

WR-Device-ID CMD (0x6D) CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

RD-Device-ID System Status CRC-TGM Hi CRC-TGM Lo

(RD transmission can be repeated)

3.3.5 Communication Procedures

After every write telegram (SET_*) it is necessary to wait until the command has been completely
executed. No write telegram will be processed until the execution of a previous one has been
completed.
The regular read transmission of a write telegram returns the system status. If the status indicates a
“busy” (Bit 0 = 1) then the write telegram has not yet been completed. The TWI host can then repeat
this read transmission multiple times until the “busy” flag indicates the completion (Bit 0 = 0).
All subsequent TWI telegrams are discarded before the busy bit is reset. The returned status indicates
a discarded telegram with a “NACK” flag (Bit 3 = 1). Upon receiving a “NACK” status of a telegram, the
TWI host should repeat the complete first write telegram to confirm the successful completion.
Some read telegrams cannot provide instantaneous return data. The read transmission indicates this
with a “busy” flag (Bit 0 = 1) in the system status. In this case, no data payload is returned, instead the
CRC-TGM is appended as well as the respective number of fill bytes.

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The TWI host can repeat the read transmission multiple times until the busy flag is reset (Bit 0 = 0) and
valid data are returned. A premature TWI telegram is discarded and its read transmission returns a
“NACK” flag in the system status. To receive the previously requested data, the TWI host must repeat
the completed first read telegram.
In case of telegram failures, the user must query the module status of the addressed LDU module and
react accordingly.

3.3.6 Communication Status

A telegram can fail in the transmission or in the interpretation phase. Whenever this occurs a warning
is indicated and the command is not executed. The user must query the system and reset the failure
condition.
The system is not shut down as a consequence of a telegram failure.

3.4 System Status

The MCU software steers the functions of the entire system and presents them to the user. For a clean
use model, the systems behavior is described by a few major operation modes that can be read out
with GET_OPERATION_STATUS telegrams.
System Startup Status (Powerup)
After powering up, the system housekeeping and self-test tasks are performed.
During this period, the system is not ready for further user interaction.

Laser Class: --

System Control:
 System Enable* (X2.6 and X2.8) = not shorten (or open)  “inactive”
*if enabled from GUI or I2C/RS232 command (by default is disabled)

LED-Indication:
 green LED blinking fast

Activities:
 Powering up the system until all supply voltages are stable, release reset
states
 Invalidate system password setting (reset user setting)
 Warm-up of the laser diodes
 Waiting for an environmental target value, e.g. temperature
 Self-test of all system main functions
 Initialize the system with calibrated settings or if available with saved
settings from the last session (e.g. after a failure occurrence)
 Communication Interfaces are active
 Measures ON time of the device

Inactivity’s:
 Laser Light cannot be emitted

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Signaling:
 System Enable (X2.6 and X2.8) can toggle due to self-test procedures
 Fail Out (X1.5 and X2.5) is low (active)
Attention: For a very short time, this signal might not yet be stable

Transition to Failure Status:

 Upon encountering a nonconformity (Error, Attention: no correct action
might be possible in this case)
 Upon reaching a time limit

Transition to Standby Status

 Upon completion of all activities

Transition to Ready Status

 Upon completion of all activities
AND System is in a calibrated mode
AND No system nonconformity is pending (warning, error)

Transition to System Startup Status:

 Upon power cycling the LDU, i.e. switching it OFF and ON again

Standby Status

Laser Class: --

System Control:
 System Enable* (X2.6 and X2.8) = not shorten (or open)  “inactive”
*if enabled from GUI or I2C/RS232 command (by default is disabled)

LED-Indication:
 green LED blinking slowly

Activities:
 Measures ON time of the device
 Listens to TWI telegrams

Inactivity’s:
 Laser Light cannot be emitted
 Unaccepted TWI commands: SET_LASER (and others)

Signaling:
 Fail Out (X1.5 and X2.5) indicates warnings upon occurrence

Transition to Ready Status:

 System Enable active(short X2.6 and X2.8)
AND System is in a calibrated mode
AND No system nonconformity is pending (warning, error)

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Transition to Failure Status:
 Upon encountering a nonconformity (Error)

Transition to System Startup Status:

 Upon power cycling the LDU, i.e. switching it OFF and ON again

Ready Status

Laser Class: --

System Control:
 System Enable* (X2.6 and X2.8) = short  “active”
*if enabled from GUI or I2C/RS232 command (by default is disabled)

LED-Indication:
 green LED permanently ON

Activities:
 Measures ON time of the device
 Listens to TWI telegrams

Inactivity’s:
 Unaccepted TWI commands: SET_LASER (and others)

Signaling:
 Fail Out (X1.5 and X2.5) indicates warnings upon occurrence

Transition to Operation Status:

 Upon Digital modulation = high (active)
AND Laser light emission is switched ON via TWI telegram

Transition to Standby Status:

 Upon System Enable (X2.6 and X2.8) = not shorten (inactive)

Transition to Failure Status:

 Upon encountering a nonconformity (Error)

Transition to System Startup Status:

 Upon power cycling the LDU, i.e. switching it OFF and ON again

Operation Status

Laser Class: 3B or 4

System Control:
 System Enable* (X2.6 and X2.8) = short  “active”
*if enabled from GUI or I2C/RS232 command (by default is disabled)

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LED-Indication:
 green LED permanently ON
 yellow LED ON when laser beam is ON

Activities:
 Laser starts emitting light upon Digital Modulation input (X1.2) = high
 Measures ON time of the device
 Measures ON time of the laser source and calculates remaining life time
 Listens to TWI telegrams

Inactivity’s:
 Unaccepted TWI commands: SET_LASER (and others)

Signaling:
 Fail Out (X1.5 and X2.5) indicates warnings upon occurrence

Transition to Ready Status:

 Upon Digital modulation = low (inactive)
 Upon Switching off the laser light emission via TWI telegram

Transition to Standby Status:

 Upon System Enable (X2.6 and X2.8) = not shorten (inactive)

Transition to Failure Status:

 Upon encountering a nonconformity (Error)

Transition to System Startup Status:

 Upon power cycling the LDU, i.e. switching it OFF and ON again.

Failure Status
System encountered a system Error. The user must actively query then and power
cycle the system. The last system parameters are saved and resumed in the next
run.

Laser Class: --

System Control:
 Fail Out (X1.5 and X2.5) = low  “active”

LED-Indication:
 green LED blinking (failure indication by special blink-code)
 red LED blinking

Activities:
 Listens to TWI telegrams
 Invalidate system password setting (reset user setting)
 Disable laser supply and TEC supply

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  Program current DAC’s to 0x000

Inactivity’s:
 Laser cannot emit light
 Unaccepted TWI commands: SET_LASER (and others)

Transition to System Startup Status:

 Upon power cycling the LDU, i.e. switching it OFF and ON again.

3.5 How to control the laser

The driver electronics of the “ZQ1” laser module has a digital control interface; it can statically be
controlled via TWI (I2C telegrams)
Attention: reducing the laser intensity via TWI telegrams does not change the laser
classification

3.5.1 Static laser output power via I2C

The laser output power of the “ZQ1” module can be controlled statically via I2C telegrams. The user
has to take care in understanding how the laser power is controlled in principle.
The laser power is controlled by adjusting the laser current. Keeping the laser current under control is
the most reliable way to prevent mode hopping and to provide low noise in the laser light.
The calibration of the output power of the entire laser module is done during calibration procedure in
the manufacturing process. The maximum laser power is referred to as 100%. The laser control system
preserves this nominal power throughout the entire lifetime and the entire specified temperature
range. The user can set the output power linearly between ~10% and 100%. The target percentage is
set via a TWI telegram (see chapter 3.3.4) or via the analogue control input X1.4. The control system
preserves the user set power value over the temperature range and lifetime.
Attention: Reducing the intensity via Analog Modulation (X2.4) effect the intensity distribution along
the line.

3.5.2 Failure Output – System Shutdown

Upon any severe system integrity violation, the “ZQ1” laser module is shut down. Pin X1.5 und X2.5
are an active low signal that is internally operated by an open-drain switch in the module. The host
system can shut down the module as well or just use the pin as indicator that a severe internal error
has occurred.
To determine what error happened and in which sub module, the user must query the module via TWI
telegrams, or use the ZQ1 GUI Software. For error codes please refer to the GET_LAS_STATUS
command in chapter 3.3.3.

3.6 Graphical User Interface

The monitoring software ZQ1 REMOTE is available on the included USB Stick and www.z-
laser.com.
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The ZQ1 GUI provide easy option to control, change and monitor the main features and
parameter of the laser projector. The on-time counter is an excellent tool to analyze laser
aging as well allowing for preventive maintenance to reduce down time in factory.
The software use RS-232 communication protocol. You can connect the ZQ1 Laser direct to
the serial interface on your PC (if available) or use USB-RS232 Adapter)

Serial RS-232

USB to Serial RS-232

3.7 LED status indication

Note: the LED’s are placed on the upper side of the laser housing near the connector’s side.

 Warning Indication (continuous wave)/Failure Indication (blink operation)

 Laser ON Indication (laser light emitted)
 Blink Codes Indication for different warning/failure identification.

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 Behavior Meaning Reference
Green LED blinking fast System Startup Status / Warm-Up stage
(communication channels are active)

Green LED blinking slowly Standby Status (communication channels

are active)
Green LED permanently ON Ready Status (communication channels
are active)

Green LED permanently ON, Operation Status – Laser ON

Yellow LED ON (when laser light is ON) (communication channels are active)

Green, Yellow and Red LED light Service Status (communication channels
sequentially are active)

Red LED permanently ON, Warning Status, green blink code

Green LED giving blink code indicates Warning condition
(communication channels are active)

Green LED blinks 12 Over 24 Hours On-Time

times
Green LED blinks 8 Over-/Under Temperature at Laser diode
Red LED times
permanently Green LED blinks 6 Case Over/Under Temperature
ON times
LED blinks 2 times Approaching End of Life

Other Other warnings

Red LED blinking, Failure Status, green blink code indicates

Green LED giving blink code failure condition (communication
channels are active)

Green LED blinks 13 Start-Up Test Error

times
Red LED Green LED blinks 1 TEC Driver Error
blinking times
Other Other Failures

3.8 Typical operating errors

The most common operating error is caused by an insufficient thermal coupling of the ZQ1 to the heat
sink. In that case the temperature will increase in a short time and the LDU will switch off the laser
when it exceeds the specified temperature limits. The user can read out the temperature via TWI
protocols or measure the case temperature directly.

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4. Diagnosis and security functions

Feature Reference
Laser diode supervision
During the initial system calibration routine the physical parameters of the laser
diode (threshold current, forward voltage) are recorded. In the lifetime of the laser
these parameters are measured and verified.
Power up checks of the MCU
Safety surveillance functions are tested to ensure that no single failures are
accumulated. In every system startup phase the correct function is being self-tested
as well as typical failure conditions.
1. RAM, ROM, Flash, CPU, EEPROM, Watchdog test
2. Over Current Detection
3. MCU setup the system for a new laser current
4. Tests of sensor devices

Attention: In case of a failure it might not be possible to conduct any subsequent

procedure in the planned way! Only the system shutdown is ensured because both
MCU’s are controlling each other.
Independent methods of laser power shut-down
Ordinary functional switch via digital modulation control (X1.2). This switch must be
released by the MCU to take effect.

General disable via global system enable (short circuit between X2.6 and X2.8)
control. This control signal initiates the MCU to ordinary enable or disables the LDU.
DAC’s are programmed, the laser diode is powered and all switches are enabled /
released.

System shut-down by MCU via laser power supply switches. In emergency states,
the MCU can disable the laser diodes current supply.

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5. Drawings

Note: 3D STEP file available on request. Please contact our sales department.

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6. Product Labelling

This “ZQ1” product is measured and labelled according EN60825-1:2015-07.

Each ZQ1 Laser projector is labeled with laser safety label in german language from the factory. There
are five further laser safety labels on different languages included. Please use the appropriate one for
your application. If labels are missing, do not operate the laser.

Laser Radiation
Avoid Exposure to Beam

Class 3B Laser Product

EN60825-1:2015-07

VISIBLE and/or INVISIBLE Laser

Radiation
Avoid Eye or Skin Exposure to
Direct or Scattered Radiation

Class 4 Laser Product

EN60825-1:2015-07

Z-LASER declares the conformity to a laser safety class according to EN ISO

60825-1 only for the complete product entity. Whenever this entity is changed
the laser safety class is voided.

7. Product Warranty

Z-LASER guarantees its “ZQ1” products to be free of material and workmanship defects for two year
from the date of shipment or 10,000 hours of operation (depending on the model), whichever comes
first.
This warranty is in lieu of all other guarantees expressed or implied and does not cover incidental or
consequential loss.

Any modification of the product voids the warranty. Moreover it will bear the risk of changing the laser
class of the product.

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8. Service

No special service measures have to be taken to preserve the specified functionality. The degradation
with aging of the laser diode can be compensated for by adjusting the laser current statically or
dynamically. The laser modules are shipped with enough headroom for an operating time of at least
10,000 hours.
Z-LASER can guarantee a MTTF of at least 10,000 hours for the ZQ1 laser module when operated within
the specified temperature limits. Most likely the MTTF is significantly higher.
The accumulated ON-time of the laser is tracked by the microprocessor and is shown in the GUI or can
be read via a TWI telegram. Other parameters can be read that give an indication of module aging as
well (laser current needed to yield a certain optical output power). Thus it can be decided when a spare
unit needs to be provided or when the target system needs service.

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9. Disposal

The “ZQ1” product is an electronic device that must not be disposed

via ordinary waste bins. The product must be disposed according to
EU directive WEEE 2002/96/EG.

10. In the case of a damage

The “ZQ1” module is considered damaged when it

- has any visible mechanical damage to electrical contacts or the optical output
- does not emit light
- continuously shows errors after self-test procedures (after power up)
- Light intensity can obviously not be controlled as expected.
- …

Please contact Z-LASER Service.

When calling Z-LASER, please provide the customer care representative with the following
information:
- Your Contact Information
- Serial number or original order number
- Description of problem (i.e., hardware or software)

Ask for a RMA Tracking No.

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11. Measurements

11.1 Power Stability (Example)

11.2 Optical characteristics (Example)

Reducing the intensity via Analog Modulation (X2.4), “ZQ1 REMOTE” GUI Software or the
commands SET_POWER_VALUE and SET_DEFAULT_POW_FACT effect the intensity distribution
along the line and the effective length of the line projection.
Z-LASER recommends to use power values below 50% of the nominal laser power only for
alignment purposes, but not for measurement and other real applications.
The graphic below shows an example intensity distribution along the line on the same laser
module by two different power values.

11.3 Errata
The following items are out of line with the initial target spec (17.11.2016)
- Laser with Firmware versions before 2.0.0 need the GUI Software “ZQ1 REMOTE” with
version 1.5.
- I2C communication Protocol in the Firmware Versions up to 3.0.0 stuck when 5 or 12 bytes
have been read.
 always read other from 5 and 12 number of Bytes and interpret only the needed at
each write command

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  Fixed from Firmware release 3.0.1.
- The error and warning flag in the system status are currently not active.

11.4 Laser classification

The most ZQ1 Laser Projectors are Laser Class 3B or 4. Please read carefully and follow the laser
safety information (Chapter 12) before using this product.

12. Laser Safety

Your safety is of the highest importance to us. Please read and follow the following laser safety
information before using this product.
Lasers are classified as 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, 3B and 4 according to ISO EN 60825-1
Class 3R, 3B and 4 lasers are not intended for use of uneducated people. The area in which they are
operated must be restricted and marked according to laser safety guidelines. The operator of the laser
system must provide trained personnel to supervise the observance of laser safety regulations. He
must provide protection glasses and other safety prerequisites to the personnel. Generally the
operator of the laser system takes full responsibility for the safe installation, marking, handling and
operation of the laser.

CAUTION NOTE
The use of optical instruments with this product will increase Eye
hazard. Do not shine laser in the direction of other people or at
reflective surfaces that might cause exposure to the human eye!

The laser radiation emitted from this unit may be harmful.

Always follow these precautions:
- Avoid direct exposure to the beam.
- Avoid looking at the beam directly.
- Don’t modify the laser product and operate it according to the user instructions
- Be aware of and follow the warnings on the safety labels
- To completely shut off power to the unit unplug the unit.
- Cover the output with the safety cap when the unit is operated outside its target system.
Review of reported incidents has demonstrated that accidental eye and skin exposures to laser
radiation, and accidents related to the ancillary hazards of a laser or laser system, are most often
associated with personnel involved with the use of these systems under the following conditions:
1. Unanticipated eye exposure during alignment

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 2. Misaligned optics and upwardly directed beams
3. Available eye protection not used
4. Equipment malfunction
5. Improper methods of handling high voltage
6. Intentional exposure of unprotected personnel
7. Operators unfamiliar with laser equipment
8. Lack of protection for ancillary hazards
9. Improper restoration of equipment following service

These hazards can be avoided by a proper understanding of the equipment and by following safe
procedures.
The German BGV B2 (Unfallverhütungsvorschrift “Laserstrahlung”) gives more information regarding
safe operation of laser systems.

Equipment:
Test all lasers, delivery systems, and safety equipment prior to turning on the laser. Appropriate
personal protective equipment such as appropriate laser protective eyewear should be worn during
such tests. All safety procedures will be followed during service and demonstrations.

Ready indicator:
The Z-LASER ZQ1 laser system includes a ready indicator on the top side of the laser. If the laser is
connected correctly to the power supply the ready LED (green) will blink fast, during the heat up phase,
then the ready LED (green) will be illuminated constantly.
Laser on/off indicator:
The laser indicator LED (orange) on the top side is illuminated, if the laser is on. In modulation mode
the LED may flicker in the same way the modulation is set, if the frequency is no too high.

Eye Protection:
Always wear proper eye protection. Be sure, that the wavelength of the laser and the protection band
of your protective eye wear match and that the attenuation for this wavelength is high enough.
The greatest risk for personnel using lasers is eye injury to the cornea or retina from direct or reflected
laser beams. Protective eyewear with adequate optical density (OD) at the particular wavelength in
use must be clearly labelled and worn by all members of the operating team within the NHZ. It is
recommended that built-in side shields be used to protect the eyes from tangential beams and
scattered reflections. Safety eyewear labelled with the appropriate wavelength and optical density will
be available at the entry where each door sign is posted.

Caution: Laser Safety Eyewear is not designed for looking directly at a laser beam.

Checks:
Check the power output of the laser frequently with an appropriate power meter, especially before
beginning the procedure. Appropriate eyewear should be worn during such checks. The laser should
be placed in a standby mode when not in use, to prevent inadvertent exposure to power/energy.

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Electrical Hazards:
Use of any electrical system may give rise to electrical hazards; consequently, proper grounding and
insulation are imperative. Protection against accidental contact with energized conductors by means
of a barrier system is the primary methodology to prevent electric shock accidents with laser
equipment. Additional electrical safety requirements are imposed upon laser devices, systems, and
those who work with them, by the US Department of Labor, OSHA, the National Electrical Code (NFPA
70), and related state and local laws and regulations. These requirements govern equipment
connection to the electrical utilization system, electrical protection parameters, and specific safety
training. These requirements must be observed with all laser installations.
The following potential problems have frequently been identified during laser facility audits.

1. Uncovered electrical terminals

2. Improperly insulated electrical terminals
3. Hidden “power-up” warning lights
4. Lack of personnel trained in current cardiopulmonary resuscitation practices, or lack of
refresher training
5. “Buddy system” not being practiced during maintenance and service
6. Non earth-grounded or improperly grounded laser equipment
7. Non-adherence to the OSHA lock-out standard (29 CFR 1910.147)
8. Excessive wires and cables on floor that create fall or slip hazards

No hazardous voltages are contained in the laser head. The system does not contain any user
accessible components within the laser head. The warranty will void if the laser or enclosures are
disassembled.
ESD
It is recommended to take proper ESD precautions when handling the laser. The laser system is
designed with internal safeguards for protection from ESD. Never the less high energy ESD discharge
events may cause damage to the laser system. Z-LASER GmbH recommend the use of shielded power
cable, where the shield is connected to the mounting M12 nut and therefore to the laser case. The
supplied cable is shielded, but the shield is not connected to the mounting M12 nut.

Emergency Shutoff:
An emergency shutoff switch must be available to the operator or the assistant to rapidly shutdown
the equipment.

The system perform shut down by itself, if an error occurs. This means, that no laser light is emitted
from the optic head.
Possible errors are:
- Temperature failure
- System Enable open
- Laser diode over current
Depending on the operation mode different actions are necessary to start the laser again.

Controlled Area:

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Authorized personnel, upon entry to an area where lasers are being used, should be provided with
personal protective equipment (see Description of Facilities, above). Such controlled area should
contain the NHZ, the extent of which is clearly delineated, and should be posted with appropriate laser
warning signs specific to the wavelength being used (as described in ANSI Z136.3, Section 4.7). The
laser should not be activated when it is necessary to open the door, if the Nominal Hazard Zone (NHZ)
extends to the doorway.
Glass windows will be covered with shades or filters of appropriate optical density whenever a laser
system is operational. No one will be allowed into a laser room unless properly authorized and
protected.

Warning Signs:
Regulation Danger laser signs will be posted at eye level on all doors that access a room where Class
3b and/or Class 4 laser will be operated. These signs will state all required information as described in
the ANSI Z136.1 standard, and will be removed when the laser is not in use.

Fire Hazards:
Class 4 laser systems represent a fire hazard. Enclosure of Class 4 laser beams can result in potential
fire hazards if enclosure materials are likely to be exposed to irradiances exceeding 10 W/cm2 or beam
powers exceeding 0.5 W. The use of flame retardant materials, as defined by the National Fire
Protection Association (NFPA), should be encouraged.

Opaque laser barriers e.g., curtains, can be used to block the laser beam from exiting the work area
during certain operations. While these barriers can be designed to offer a range of protection, they
normally cannot withstand high irradiance levels for more than a few seconds without some damage,
e.g., production of smoke, open fire, or penetration. Users of commercially available laser barriers
should obtain appropriate fire prevention information from the manufacturer.

Operators of Class 4 lasers should be aware that unprotected wire insulation and plastic tubing can
catch fire from intense reflected or scattered beams, particularly from lasers operating at invisible
wavelengths.

Explosion Hazards:
High-pressure arc lamps, filament lamps, and capacitor banks in laser equipment shall be enclosed in
housings, which can withstand the maximum explosive pressure resulting from component
disintegration. The laser target and elements of the optical train which may shatter during laser
operation shall also be enclosed or equivalently protected to prevent injury to operators and
observers. Explosive reactions of chemical laser reactants or other laser gases may be a concern in
some cases.

From the German BGV B2 (Unfallverhütungsvorschrift “Laserstrahlung”):

Lasereinrichtungen müssen entsprechend ihrer Klasse und Verwendung mit den für einen
sicheren Betrieb erforderlichen Schutzeinrichtungen ausgerüstet sein (§4 Abs. 2). Diese Forderungen
gelten als erfüllt, wenn:
- der Fernverriegelungsstecker eines Lasers der Klasse 3B oder 4 an einen Not-Aus-Schalter,
einen Türkontakt oder an eine andere gleichwertige Einrichtung mit Schutzfunktion angeschlossen
ist (§8 Abs. 4)
- Lasereinrichtungen der Klassen 2 für Unterrichtszwecke, 3R, 3B oder 4 bei Nichtbenutzung
gegen unbefugten Gebrauch durch das Abnehmen des Schlüssels des Schlüsselschalters gesichert
sind (§8 Abs. 4),

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- Lasereinrichtungen der Klassen 3R, 3B oder 4 bei Nichtbenutzung durch die Verwendung der
Strahldämpfungseinrichtungen gesichert sind (§8 Abs. 4).

Der Betrieb von Lasern der Klassen 3B oder 4 müssen dem zuständigen Unfallversicherungsträger
und der für den Arbeitsschutz zuständigen Behörde vor der ersten Inbetriebnahme angezeigt werden
(§5 Abs. 1).

Der Unternehmer hat für den Betrieb von Lasereinrichtungen der Klassen 3B oder 4 Sachkundige als
Laserschutzbeauftragte zu bestellen (§6 Abs. 1). Es wird empfohlen,
diese mit Weisungsbefugnissen und Verantwortung auszustatten (§6 Abs. 2).

Der Unternehmer hat dafür zu sorgen, dass Versicherte, die Lasereinrichtungen der Klassen 2 bis 4
anwenden oder sich in Laserbereichen von Lasereinrichtungen der Klassen 3B oder 4 aufhalten, über
das zu beachtende Verhalten mindestens einmal jährlich unterwiesen werden (§8 Abs. 3).

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13. Declaration of Conformity

(This declaration refers to the released product. Engineering samples are shipped without full
certification and might deviate from the below stated standards. Conformity to EMC standards refer
to housed ZQ1 and do not include customer cabling)

We therefore confirm that the devices described in the following

Name/Product: ZQ1

ZQ1
meets the requirements of the directive 2004/108/EC.

The product is RoHS conform and free of silicon

The following standards were applied:

EN 60825-1: 2015-07
EN 55022:2010
EN 55011:2010

The following guidelines were applied:

2014/30/EU EMC-guideline
2014/35/EU Low voltage guideline

Product „ZQ1“
Manufactured by

Z-Laser Optoelektronik GmbH

Merzhauserstr. 134
D-79100 Freiburg
Complies to:
04/108/EG EMI-Guideline
06/95/EG Low-Voltage-Guideline

Z-LASER Optoelektronik GmbH

Merzhauser Str. 134
79100 Freiburg

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14. Glossary

LDU: Laser Driver Unit

MCU: Micro Controller Unit (main unit)
TWI: Two Wire Interface, refers to serial user communication interface (I2C or RS232)
SFTY: Specification item related to a safety critical laser product.
LCsw: Laser current main switch.
DAC: Digital to Analog Converter.
ADC: Analog to Digital Converter.

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Revision Date Editor Changes
0.1 07/03/16 Todorov Initial Version – advanced information (Preliminary)
0.2 05/07/16 Todorov Overall changes
0.3 05/08/16 Todorov Overall changes
0.4 19/09/16 Todorov Communication description
0.5 07/10/16 Todorov Communication description
0.6 05/12/16 Todorov New commands included
0.7 10/04/17 Todorov Small changes and Errata entries
0.8 11/09/17 Todorov New Z-LASER Layout/Changes in Laser Safety and Optics changes
0.9 13/09/17 Todorov “ZQ1 Remote” GUI Software Chapter included

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