Cambridge International AS & A Level

*0123456789*

CHEMISTRY9701/02
Paper 2 AS Level Structured Questions For examination from 2022
SPECIMEN PAPER 1 hour 15 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 60.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.
● Important values, constants and standards are printed in the question paper.

This document has 18 pages. Blank pages are indicated.

© UCLES 2019 [Turn over

 2

1 The properties of elements and their compounds show similarities, differences and trends
depending on the positions of the elements in the Periodic Table.

(a)
The positions of some elements are shown.

Li F Ne
Mg
Ga

Cs Ba At

Fig. 1.1

(i)
Using Fig. 1.1 identify the element that forms a soluble hydroxide and an insoluble
sulfate.

............................................................ [1]

(ii) Using Fig. 1.1 identify the most volatile element in a group that contains elements in all
three states of matter at room temperature and pressure.

............................................................ [1]

(iii) Using Fig. 1.1 identify the element that forms the largest cation.

............................................................ [1]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 3

(b)
Fig. 1.2 shows the relative first ionisation energies of six successive elements in the Periodic
Table.

The letters are not the symbols of the elements.

first
ionisation
energy

A B C D E F
element

Fig. 1.2

(i)
Define first ionisation energy.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Suggest why the first ionisation energy of B is much less than that of A in Fig 1.2.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [3]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22 [Turn over

 4

(c) (i) On Fig. 1.3, sketch a graph to show the trend in the atomic radius of successive elements
in Period 3.

atomic radius
of the element

atomic number

Fig. 1.3
[1]

(ii) Explain your answer to (c)(i).

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [3]

 [Total: 12]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 5

2 Carbon and silicon are elements in Group 14.

(a) (i) Describe in simple terms the structure of solid C60.

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) C60 sublimes (turns directly from solid to gas) at approximately 800 K.

C60(s) → C60(g)

Diamond also sublimes but only above 3800 K.

Cdiamond(s) → C(g)

Explain why C60 and diamond sublime at such different temperatures.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [4]

(b)
C60 forms hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties to those of alkenes. One such
hydrocarbon is C60H18.

(i)
Define hydrocarbon.

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22 [Turn over

 6

(ii) C60H18 is an alkene.

State a test to indicate the presence of double bonds between carbon atoms in alkene
molecules.

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) State the observations seen when the test in (b)(ii) is carried out on an alkene.

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

0.144 g of C60 is placed in a 100 cm3 container of hydrogen gas at a temperature of 20 °C and
(c)
a pressure of 1.00 × 105 Pa.

The container is heated to make the C60 and hydrogen gas react. The reaction occurs as
shown in the equation.

C60(s) + xH2(g) → C60H2x(s)

After the reaction, the container is allowed to cool to 20 °C. The pressure decreases to
2.21 × 104 Pa. All of the C60 has reacted.

(i)
Name the type of reaction that occurs.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Calculate the amount, in moles, of C60 that reacts.

amount of C60 = ....................................................  mol [1]

(iii) Calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrogen gas that reacted with the C60.
Show your working.

amount of hydrogen gas = ....................................................  mol [3]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 7

(iv) Use your answers from (c)(ii) and (c)(iii) to deduce the molecular formula of the
hydrocarbon, C60H2x.

(If you were unable to calculate the amount of hydrogen gas, assume that 0.00240 mol
of hydrogen gas reacts. This is not the correct value.)
Show your working.

molecular formula = ........................................................... [2]

(d)
Silicon shows the same type of bonding and structure as diamond.

Silicon reacts with magnesium to form Mg2Si.

Solid Mg2Si reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form gaseous SiH4 and a solution of
magnesium chloride.

(i)
Construct an equation for this reaction. Include state symbols.

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Predict the shape of the SiH4 molecule.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

 [Total: 19]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22 [Turn over

 8

3 Calcium and its compounds have a large variety of applications.

(a)
Calcium metal reacts readily with most acids.

When calcium metal is placed in dilute sulfuric acid, it reacts vigorously at first.

After a short time, a layer of calcium sulfate forms on the calcium metal and the reaction
stops. Some of the calcium metal and dilute sulfuric acid remain unreacted.

Suggest an explanation for these observations.

....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b)
Calcium ethanedioate is formed when calcium reacts with ethanedioic acid, HOOCCOOH.
Calcium ethanedioate contains one cation and one anion.

(i)
State the full electronic configuration of the cation in calcium ethanedioate.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Deduce the charge on the cation.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Draw the fully displayed formula of ethanedioic acid.

[1]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 9

(c)
Calcium chlorate(I), Ca(Cl O)2, is used as an alternative to sodium chlorate(I), NaCl O, in
some household products.

(i)
The chlorate(I) ion is formed when cold aqueous sodium hydroxide reacts with chlorine.

Write an ionic equation for this reaction. State symbols are not required.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) The chlorate(I) ion is unstable and decomposes when heated as shown.

3Cl O– → 2Cl – + Cl O3–

This reaction can be described as a disproportionation reaction.

Describe what is meant by disproportionation reaction.

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Deduce the oxidation number of chlorine in each species for the equation in (c)(ii).

Complete the boxes.

3Cl O– → 2Cl – + Cl O3–

oxidation number of chlorine +1

[1]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22 [Turn over

 10

(d)
Calcium carbonate reacts with 2-hydroxypropanoic acid to form product Y.

2-hydroxypropanoic acid Y

OH

H3C C H Ca(CH3CH(OH)COO)2

COOH

Fig. 3.1

(i)
Identify the two other products of the reaction of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid with calcium
carbonate.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

Two possible methods of making 2-hydroxypropanoic acid are shown in Fig. 3.2.

O OH
reaction 1
C H3C C H
H3C H reaction 2
CN
OH

H3C C H

COOH
OH O 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
reaction 3 reaction 4
H 3C C H C
H3C COOH
CH2OH

Fig. 3.2

(ii) State suitable reagents and conditions for reactions 1 and 3.

reaction 1 ...........................................................................................................................

reaction 3 ...........................................................................................................................
[4]

(iii) Deduce the type of reaction that occurs in reaction 2.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) The reagent for reaction 4 is NaBH4.

Identify the role of NaBH4 in this reaction.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 11

(v) 2-hydroxypropanoic acid has a chiral centre.

State what is meant by chiral centre.

............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

 [Total: 15]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22 [Turn over

 12

4 A reaction scheme involving cyclohexane is shown in Fig. 4.1.

Cl
reaction 1 reaction 2

Fig. 4.1

Reaction 1 involves a free radical substitution mechanism.

(a)
State the essential condition required for reaction 1 to occur.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b)
Complete Table 4.1 to give details of the mechanism in reaction 1. Include curly arrows to
show the movement of electrons occurring in the termination step.

Table 4.1

name of step equation

................................. Cl 2 2Cl •

•
propagation + Cl • +
..............................

Cl
•
................................. + Cl 2 + Cl •

Cl
termination
.................................

 [5]

(c)
Deduce the type of reaction that occurs in reaction 2.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 13

(d) Hex-3-ene is an isomer of cyclohexane. Hex-3-ene can be converted into propanoic acid.

reaction 3
hex-3-ene propanoic acid

Deduce the reagents and conditions for reaction 3.

....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

 [Total: 9]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22 [Turn over

 14

5 Compound X contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only.

The mass spectrum of X is recorded. Information about the two peaks with m / e greater than 100
is shown in Fig. 5.1.

100

relative
abundance

6.5

100 101 102 103

m/e

Fig. 5.1

(a)
A molecule of X contains 6 carbon atoms.

Demonstrate that this is correct using information from Fig 5.1. Show your working.

 [2]

(b)
Suggest the molecular formula of X using information from Fig. 5.1.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c)
Suggest the molecular formula of the fragment of X at m / e = 31.

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 15

(d)
Fig 5.2 shows the infra-red spectrum of X.

100

transmittance / %

0
3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1

Fig. 5.2

Table 5.1

bond functional group containing the bond characteristic infra-red absorption range
(in wavenumbers) / cm–1
C–O hydroxy, ester 1040–1300
C=C aromatic compound, alkene 1500–1680
C=O amide 1640–1690
carbonyl, carboxyl 1670–1740
ester 1710–1750
C≡N nitrile 2200–2250
C–H alkane 2850–3100
N–H amine, amide 3300–3500
O–H carboxyl 2500–3000
hydroxy 3200–3650

Identify the functional group present in X using your answer in (b) and information from
Fig. 5.2 and Table 5.1. Give a reason for your answer.

....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

 [Total: 5]

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22 [Turn over

 16

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

 17

Important values, constants and standards

molar gas constant R = 8.31 J K–1 mol–1

Faraday constant F = 9.65 × 104 C mol–1
Avogadro constant L = 6.022 × 1023 mol–1
electronic charge e = –1.60 × 10–19 C
molar volume of gas Vm = 22.4 dm3 mol–1 at s.t.p. (101 kPa and 273 K)
Vm = 24.0 dm3 mol–1 at room conditions
ionic product of water Kw = 1.00 × 10–14 mol2 dm–6 (at 298 K (25 °C))
specific heat capacity of water c = 4.18 kJ kg–1 K–1 (4.18 J g–1 K–1)

© UCLES 2019 9701/02/SP/22

© UCLES 2019
The Periodic Table of Elements
Group
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1.0 4.0
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
6.9 9.0 relative atomic mass 10.8 12.0 14.0 16.0 19.0 20.2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23.0 24.3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 27.0 28.1 31.0 32.1 35.5 39.9
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39.1 40.1 45.0 47.9 50.9 52.0 54.9 55.8 58.9 58.7 63.5 65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8

publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
18

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 95.9 – 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3

9701/02/SP/22
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
138.9 140.1 140.9 144.4 – 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.1 175.0
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232.0 231.0 238.0 – – – – – – – – – – –

reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of