October 2015

Research Institute
Thought leadership from Credit Suisse Research
and the world’s foremost experts

Global Wealth
Databook 2015
 October 2015

Preface

Since 2010, the Credit Suisse Wealth Report has been the leading reference on global wealth.
It contains the most comprehensive and up-to-date findings on global wealth across the entire
wealth spectrum – from the very base of the “wealth pyramid,” capturing 3.4 billion adults with
wealth below USD 10,000, to the millionaires, who account for 0.7% of adult population, but
yet own 45.2% of global wealth.

Research for the Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook has been undertaken on behalf of the
Credit Suisse Research Institute by Professors Anthony Shorrocks and Jim Davies, recognized
authorities on this topic and the architects and principal authors of "Personal Wealth from a
Global Perspective," Oxford University Press, 2008. Rodrigo Lluberas has also been a very
significant contributor to the project.

The aim of the Credit Suisse Global Wealth project is to provide the best available estimates of
the wealth holdings of households around the world for the period since the year 2000. While
the Credit Suisse Global Wealth Report highlights the main findings of our study, this 158-page
Databook underlines the extent of our analysis. More importantly, it sets out in detail the data
employed in our Global Wealth project, the methodology used to calculate estimates of wealth
and how this may differ from other reports in this field.

The Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook provides detailed information on the evolution of
household wealth levels through the period 2000 to mid-2015 at both the regional and country
level. It presents our estimates on the distribution of wealth for over 200 countries. Based on
this rich data, the Databook presents findings on the global middle class, its size and how it
fared over time.

Markus Stierli
Head of Fundamental Micro Research, Credit Suisse Private Banking & Wealth Management

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Contents

3 Preface
5 Section 1 Estimating the pattern of global household wealth
10 Table 1-1 Coverage of wealth levels data
11 Table 1-2 Household balance sheet and financial balance sheet sources
13 Table 1-3 Survey sources
14 Table 1-4 Changes in asset prices and exchange rates 2013–2015, selected countries
15 Table 1-5 Wealth shares for countries with wealth distribution data
17 Section 2 Household wealth levels, 2000–2015
19 Table 2-1 Country details
23 Table 2-2 Population by country (thousands)
27 Table 2-3 Number of adults by country (thousands)
31 Table 2-4 (by year) Wealth estimates by country 2000–2015
95 Table 2-5 Components of wealth per adult in USD, by region and year
96 Table 2-6 Components of wealth as percentage of gross wealth, by region and year
97 Table 2-7 Changes in household wealth 2014–2015, selected countries
98 Section 3 Estimating the distribution of global wealth
101 Table 3-1 Wealth pattern within countries, 2015
105 Table 3-2 Wealth pattern by region, 2015
106 Table 3-3 Membership of top wealth groups for selected countries, 2015
107 Table 3-4 Percentage membership of global wealth deciles and top percentiles by country of residence, 2015
111 Table 3-5 Main gains and losses in global wealth distribution, 2014–2015
112 Table 3-6 High net worth individuals by country and region, 2015
114 Section 4 The global middle class
121 Table 4-1 Minimum wealth of middle class, 2015, selected countries
122 Table 4-2 Share of middle-class adults and wealth, 2015 by region
123 Table 4-3 Number of middle-class adults (million), 2015 by region and country
124 Table 4-4 Middle-class share of all adults (%), 2015, by country and region
125 Table 4-5 Wealth holdings of middle class, 2015, by country and region
126 Table 4-6 Ratio of share of middle-class wealth to share of middle-class adults, 2015
127 Table 4-7 Change in number of middle-class adults, 2000–2015, for regions and selected countries
128 Table 4-8 Change in total wealth of middle class, 2000–2015, for regions and selected countries
129 Table 4-9 Percentage of wealth owned by middle-class adults, 2000–2015, by region
129 Table 4-10 Number of middle-class adults (million) in China and USA, 2000–2015
130 Section 5 Composition of wealth portfolios
133 Table 5-1 Assets and debts as percentage of gross household wealth for selected countries by year
134 Table 5-2 Percentage composition of gross household financial wealth, by country and year
137 Section 6 Region and country focus
143 Table 6-1 Summary details for regions and selected countries, 2015
144 Table 6-2 Wealth per adult (in USD) at current and constant exchange rates, for regions and selected countries, 2000–2015
146 Table 6-3 Total wealth (in USD bn) at current and constant exchange rates, for regions and selected countries, 2000–2015
148 Table 6-4 Composition of wealth per adult for regions and selected countries, 2015
149 Table 6-5 Wealth shares and minimum wealth of deciles and top percentiles for regions and selected countries, 2015
150 Table 6-6 Distribution of wealth for regions and selected countries, 2015
153 Bibliography and data references
156 About the authors
157 Imprint
158 General disclaimer / Important information

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1. Estimating the pattern of global household

wealth

1.1 Introduction

We aim to provide the best available estimates of the wealth holdings of households around the
world for each year since 2000. More specifically, we are interested in the distribution within
and across nations of individual net worth, defined as the marketable value of financial assets
plus non-financial assets (principally housing and land) less debts. No country in the world has a
single comprehensive source of information on personal wealth, and many low and middle
income countries have little direct evidence of any kind. However a growing number of countries
– including China and India as well many high income countries – have relevant data from a
variety of different sources which we are able to exploit in order to achieve our objective.
The procedure involves three main steps, the first two of which mimic the structure followed by
Davies et al (2008, 2011). The first step establishes the average level of wealth for each country.
The best source of data for this purpose is household balance sheet (HBS) data, which are now
provided by 48 countries, although 31 of these countries cover only financial assets and debts. An
additional four countries have household survey data from which wealth levels can be calculated.
Together these countries cover 66% of the global population and 96% of total global wealth. The
results are supplemented by econometric techniques, which generate estimates of the level of
wealth in 160 countries that lack direct information for one or more years.
The second step involves constructing the pattern of wealth holdings within nations. Direct data
on the distribution of wealth are available for 31 countries. Inspection of data for these countries
suggests a relationship between wealth distribution and income distribution, which can be
exploited in order to provide a rough estimate of wealth distribution for 135 other countries,
which have data on income distribution but not on wealth ownership.
It is well known that the traditional sources of wealth distribution data are unlikely to provide an
accurate picture of wealth ownership in the top tail of the distribution for most countries. To
overcome this deficiency, the third step makes use of the information in the rich lists published
by Forbes Magazine and others to adjust the wealth distribution pattern in the highest wealth
ranges.
Implementing these procedures leaves 50 countries for which it is difficult to estimate either the
level of household wealth or the distribution of wealth, or both. Usually the countries concerned
are small (e.g. Andorra, Bermuda, Guatemala, Monaco) or semi-detached from the global
economy (e.g. Afghanistan, Cuba, North Korea). For our estimates of the pattern of global
wealth, we assign these countries the average level and distribution of the region and income
class to which they belong. This is done in preference to omitting the countries altogether,
which would implicitly assume that their pattern of wealth holdings matches the world average.
However, checks indicate that excluding these nations from the global picture makes little
difference to the results.
Table 2-1 lists the 215 countries in the world along with some summary details. Note that China
and India are treated as separate regions due to the size of their populations.
The following sections describe the estimation procedures in more detail. Two other general
points should be mentioned at the outset. First, we use official exchange rates throughout to
convert currencies to our standard measure of value, which is US dollars at the time in question.
In international comparisons of consumption or income it is common to convert currencies using
purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates, which take account of local prices, especially for
non-traded services. However, in all countries a large share of personal wealth is owned by
households in the top few percentiles of the distribution, who tend to be internationally mobile

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and to move their assets across borders with significant frequency. For such people, the
prevailing foreign currency rate is most relevant for international comparisons. So there is a
stronger case for using official exchange rates in studies of global wealth.
The second issue concerns the appropriate unit of analysis. A case can be made for basing the
analysis on households or families. However, personal assets and debts are typically owned (or
owed) by named individuals, and may be retained by those individuals if they leave the family.
Furthermore, even though some household assets, such as housing, provide communal
benefits, it is unusual for household members to have an equal say in the management of
assets, or to share equally in the proceeds if the asset is sold. Membership of households can
be quite fluid (for example, with respect to older children living away from home) and the pattern
of household structure varies markedly across countries. For all these reasons – plus the
practical consideration that the number of households is unknown in most countries – we prefer
to base our analysis on individuals rather than household or family units. More specifically, since
children have little formal or actual wealth ownership, we focus on wealth ownership by adults,
defined to be individuals aged 20 or above.

1.2 Household balance sheet data

The most reliable source of information on household wealth is household balance sheet (HBS)
data. As shown in Table 1-1, “complete” financial and non-financial “real” balance sheet data
are available for 17 countries for at least one year. These are predominantly high income
countries, the exceptions being the Czech Republic and South Africa, which fall within the upper
middle income category according to the World Bank. The data are described as complete if
financial assets, liabilities and non-financial assets are all adequately covered. Another 31
countries have financial balance sheets, but no details of real assets. This group contains eleven
upper middle income countries and six lower middle income countries, and hence is less biased
towards the rich world. The sources of these data are recorded in Table 1-2.
Europe and North America, and OECD countries in particular, are well represented among
countries with HBS data, but coverage is sparse in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Fortunately
survey evidence on wealth is available for the largest developing countries – China, India and
Indonesia – which compensates to some extent for this deficiency. Although only financial HBS
data are available for Russia, complete HBS data are available for the Czech Republic and
financial data are recorded for nine other former socialist countries in Europe.

1.3 Household survey data

Information on assets and debts is collected in nationally representative surveys undertaken in

an increasing number of countries (see Table 1-3 for the current list and sources.) For three
countries this is the only data we have, and we use it to estimate wealth levels (with a correction
for financial assets explained in the next section) as well as distributions. Data on wealth
obtained from household surveys vary in quality, due to the sampling and non-sampling
problems faced by all sample surveys. The high skewness of wealth distributions makes
sampling error important. Non-sampling error is also a problem due to differential response
rates – above some level wealthier households are less likely to participate – and under-
reporting, especially of financial assets. Both of these problems make it difficult to obtain an
accurate picture of the upper tail of the wealth distribution. To compensate, wealthier
households are over-sampled in an increasing number of surveys, such as the US Survey of
Consumer Finances and similar surveys in Canada, Germany, Spain, and several other EU
countries. Over-sampling at the upper end is not routinely adopted by the developing countries
which include asset information in their household surveys, but the response rates are much
higher than in developed countries, and the sample sizes are large in China and India: 16,035
for the 2002 survey in China, and 105,800 for the 2012−2013 survey in India.
The US Survey of Consumer Finance is sufficiently well designed to capture most household
wealth, but this is atypical. In particular, surveys usually yield lower totals for financial assets
compared with HBS data. However, surveys usually do remarkably well for owner-occupied

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housing, which is the main component of non-financial assets (see Davies and Shorrocks,
2000, p. 630). Our methodology recognizes the general under-reporting of financial assets in
surveys and attempts to correct this deficiency.
Other features of the survey evidence from developing countries capture important real
differences. Very high shares of non-financial wealth are found for the two low-income
countries in our sample, India and Indonesia, reflecting both the importance of land and
agricultural assets and the lack of financial development. On the other hand, the share of non-
financial assets in China is relatively modest, in part because urban land is not privately owned.
In addition, there has been rapid accumulation of financial assets by Chinese households in
recent years. Debts are very low in India and Indonesia, again reflecting poorly developed
financial markets.
For countries which have both HBS and survey data, we give priority to the HBS figures. The
HBS estimates typically use a country’s wealth survey results as one input, but also take
account of other sources of information and should therefore dominate wealth survey estimates
in quality. However, this does not ensure that HBS data are error-free.

1.4 Estimating the level and composition of wealth for other

countries

For countries lacking direct data on wealth, we use standard econometric techniques to
estimate per capita wealth levels from the 51 countries with HBS or survey data in at least one
year. Data availability limits the number of countries that can be included in this procedure.
However, we are able to employ a theoretically attractive model that yields observed or
estimated wealth values for 174 countries, which collectively cover 97% of the world’s
population in 2015. There is a trade-off here between coverage and reliability. Alternative sets
of explanatory variables could achieve greater country coverage, but not without compromising
the quality of the regression estimates.
Separate regressions are run for financial assets, non-financial assets and liabilities. As errors in
the three equations are likely to be correlated, the seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR)
technique due to Zellner (1962) is applied, but only to financial assets and liabilities, since there
are fewer observations for non-financial assets. The independent variables selected are broadly
those used in Davies et al (2011). In particular, we include a dummy for cases where the data
source is a survey rather than HBS data. This turns out to be negative and highly significant in
the financial assets regression, indicating that the average level of financial assets tends to be
much lower when the data derive from sample surveys. We use this result to adjust upwards the
value of financial assets in the wealth level estimates for China, India and Indonesia. We also
include region-income dummies to capture any common fixed effects at the region-income
level, and year dummies to control for shocks – like the recent financial crisis – or time trends
that affect the world as a whole.
The resulting estimates of net worth per adult and the three components are reported in Table
2-4 for the years 2000 to 2015. HBS data are used where available (see Table 1-1); corrected
survey data are used for China, India and Indonesia in specific years. Financial assets and
liabilities are estimated for 147 countries, and non-financial assets for 164 countries in at least
one year using the regressions described in the previous section.
There remain 38 countries containing 3% of the global adult population without an estimate of
wealth per adult. In order to generate wealth figures for regions and for the world as a whole,
we assigned to each of these countries the mean wealth per adult of the corresponding region
(six categories) and income class (four categories). This imputation is admittedly crude, but
better than simply disregarding the excluded countries, which would implicitly assume
(incorrectly) that the countries concerned are representative of their region or the world.
For a few countries, including the United States, wealth levels are available for the most recent
years, including the first quarter of 2015. However, the majority of countries are missing wealth
levels for at least part of the period 2012–2015. In order to obtain estimates of net worth per
adult and its components we update the most recent available figures using, where available,

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house price growth for non-financial assets, market capitalization for financial assets and GDP
per capita growth for debts (see Table 1-4). Our projections are based on estimated
relationships between these variables and the corresponding asset/debt totals in preceding
years, rather than on proportionality. For countries without information on house prices and
market capitalization, recent growth of GDP per capita is used to project net worth per adult
forwards to mid-2015.

1.5 Wealth distribution within countries

An analysis of the global pattern of wealth holdings by individuals requires information on the
distribution of wealth within countries. Direct observations on wealth distribution across
households or individuals are available for 31 countries. One set of figures was selected for
each of these nations, with a preference for the most recent year, and for the most reliable
source of information. Summary details are reported in Table 1-5 using a common template,
which gives the shares of the top 10%, 5%, 1%, together with other distributional information
in the form of cumulated shares of wealth (i.e. Lorenz curve ordinates.)
The distributional data now available have certain fairly standard features. The unit of analysis is
usually a household or family, but is in a few cases the (adult) individual. Household sample
surveys are employed in almost all countries. The exceptions are the Nordic countries
(Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) and Switzerland which use data from tax and other
registers covering the entire population. For all other countries, the wealth shares of the top
groups are expected to be understated because wealthy households are less likely to respond,
and because the financial assets that are of greater importance to the wealthy – for example,
equities and bonds – are especially likely to be under-reported. Even in the U.S. Survey of
Consumer Finance, where sophisticated measures are taken to counteract these problems, the
sampling frame excludes the “Forbes 400” richest families, so that the extreme upper tail is not
captured by design. And in those countries using register data there can be problems due to
valuation problems, for example in connection with pension assets and life insurance.
The summary details reported in Table 1-5 show relatively sparse distributional information.
Estimates for the empty cells were generated by an ungrouping computer program, which
constructs a synthetic sample conforming exactly to any set of Lorenz values derived from a
positive variable (Shorrocks and Wan, 2009).
For most countries lacking direct wealth distribution data, the pattern of wealth distribution was
constructed from information on income distribution, based on the view that wealth inequality is
likely to be highly correlated with income inequality across countries. Income distribution data for
166 countries was compiled from the World Development Indicators of the World Bank and the
World Income Inequality Database, with priority given to the most recently available year. The
ungrouping program was then used to generate all the Lorenz curve values required for the
template employed for wealth distribution.
For the 31 countries which have data on both wealth and income distribution, the Lorenz curves
for wealth are lower everywhere than for income, indicating that wealth is more unequally
distributed than income. We grouped these 31 reference countries into two categories (North
America and Europe vs. the rest of the world) and computed for each category the average
wealth to income ratio at various Lorenz points. Estimates of wealth distribution for the 135
countries lacking wealth data were then generated by scaling up the Lorenz figures for income
by the relevant average wealth-income ratios.
For the purpose of generating regional and global wealth patterns, we assigned a wealth
distribution pattern to each country lacking income distribution data equal to the (adult
population weighted) average of the corresponding region and income class. This again was
done in preference to simply disregarding the countries concerned.

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1.6 Assembling the global distribution of wealth

To construct the global distribution of wealth, the level of wealth derived for each country was
combined with details of its wealth pattern. Specifically, the ungrouping program was applied to
each country to generate a set of synthetic sample values and sample weights consistent with
the (estimated or imputed) wealth distribution. Each synthetic sample observation represents
10,000 adults in the bottom 90% of the distribution, 1,000 adults in the top decile, and 100
adults in the top percentile. The wealth sample values were then scaled up to match the mean
wealth of the respective country, and merged into a single world dataset comprising 1.3 million
observations. The complete global sample may be processed in a variety of ways, for example
to obtain the minimum wealth and the wealth share of each percentile in the global distribution
of wealth. The distribution within regions may also be calculated, along with the number of
representatives of each country in any given global wealth percentile.

1.7 Adjusting the upper wealth tail

The survey data from which most of our wealth distribution estimates are derived tend to under-
represent the wealthiest groups and to omit ultra-high net worth individuals. This deficiency does
not affect our estimates of average wealth levels around the world, since these are determined
by other methods. It does imply that the shares of the top percentile and top decile are likely to
err on the low side unless adjustments are made to the upper tail. We would also not expect to
generate accurate predictions of the number and value of holdings of high net worth individuals.
We tackle this problem by exploiting well-known statistical regularities in the top wealth tail and
by making use of information on the wealth holdings of named individuals revealed in the rich list
data reported by Forbes magazine and other publications. As described in more detail in
Section 3, we use the number of billionaires reported by Forbes to fit a Pareto distribution to the
upper tail of 56 countries. The revised top tail values in the synthetic sample were then replaced
by the new estimates, and the resulting sample for each country was re-scaled to match the
mean wealth value. This sequence was repeated until the process converged, typically after a
few rounds. The overall global weighted sample still contains 1.3 million observations, each
representing between 100 and 10,000 adults. The adjusted sample can be used to produce
improved estimates of the true wealth pattern within countries, regions and the world. The
minimum sample size of 100 allows reliable estimates of the number and value of wealth
holdings up to USD 100 million at the regional and global level. Estimates above USD 100
million are obtained from projecting the Pareto distribution forward.
A further recent refinement allows us to pool the Forbes data for every year this century
(currently 16 years). This produces more reliable wealth distribution estimates and enables us to
produces a wealth sample for each year since 2000. The resulting data allow the trend in
wealth inequality within countries and regions to be identified.

1.8 Concluding remarks

While the study of global household wealth is still in its infancy, enormous progress has been
achieved in recent years. Data on the level of wealth are improving in quality and are available
for more countries. Household wealth surveys have begun in a number of countries, including a
major initiative within the Eurozone. In this work, efforts have been made to improve
comparability by standardizing the definitions of the components of personal wealth and by
seeking agreement on the appropriate methods of valuation. More needs to be done to improve
the quality and frequency of wealth data, and to make the data available for a greater number of
countries. In the meantime, we will continue to try to fill the gaps in the estimates of wealth level
by country and to improve the estimates of wealth distribution within countries. In future, some
revisions to our estimates are inevitable. Nevertheless, we are confident that the broad trends
revealed in the Credit Suisse Global Wealth Report for 2015 will remain substantially intact.

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Table 1-1: Coverage of wealth levels data

Upper Lower Cumulative Cumulative
Low
High income middle middle % of world % of world
income
income income population wealth
Complete financial and non-financial data in at least one year
North America Europe Asia-Pacific
Canada Denmark Australia Czech Republic
USA France Taiwan South Africa
Germany Israel
Household balance
Italy Japan 12.7 73.0
sheets
Netherlands New Zealand
Switzerland Singapore
UK
China India
Survey data 52.4 83.0
Indonesia
Incomplete data
North America Europe Asia-Pacific
Austria Korea Chile Bulgaria
Belgium Croatia Colombia
Cyprus Estonia Romania
Finland Hungary Thailand
Greece Latvia Turkey

Financial balance Ireland Lithuania Kazakhstan

65.9 95.9
sheets Luxembourg Mexico
Malta Poland
Norway Russian Fed.
Portugal Slovakia
Slovenia Brazil
Spain
Sweden
Number of countries
with wealth partly or fully
27 31 46 57 97.4 99.4
estimated by regression
method

Number of countries
with wealth imputed by 19 5 9 6 100.0 100.0
mean value of group

Source: Columns 8-9 computed from Table 2-4 data for 2015

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Table 1-2: Household balance sheet and financial balance sheet sources
Financial and non-
Country Financial data Non-financial data Link to open-access data
financial data compiled by
Australia Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Bureau of Statistics [Link]
Austria OECD and Oesterreichische Nationalbank n.a. n.a. [Link]; [Link]
Belgium OECD n.a. n.a. [Link]
Brazil OECD n.a. n.a. [Link]
Bulgaria OECD n.a. n.a. [Link]
Canada Statistics Canada Statistics Canada Statistics Canada [Link]
Chile Chile Central Bank n.a. n.a. [Link]
Colombia Colombia Central Bank n.a. n.a. [Link]
Croatia Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets n.a. n.a. [Link]/eurostat
Cyprus Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets n.a. n.a. [Link]/eurostat
Czech Republic OECD and Czech National Bank (CNB) OECD and CNB Authors [Link]; [Link]
Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets and [Link]/eurostat;
Denmark Statistics Denmark Authors
Statistics Denmark [Link]
[Link];
Estonia OECD and Bank of Estonia n.a. n.a.
[Link]
Finland OECD and Statistics Finland n.a. n.a. [Link]; [Link]
[Link]; [Link]-
France OECD and Banque de France OECD Authors
[Link]
OECD and Eurostat Financial Balance [Link];
Germany OECD Authors
Sheets [Link]/eurostat
Greece Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets n.a. n.a. [Link]/eurostat
Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets and [Link]/eurostat;
Hungary n.a. n.a.
Hungarian Central Bank [Link]/
[Link];
OECD and Eurostat Financial Balance
Ireland n.a. n.a. [Link]/eurostat;
Sheets and Central Bank of Ireland
[Link]
Israel OECD OECD Authors [Link]
Bank of Italy and Eurostat Financial Balance
Italy Bank of Italy and OECD Authors [Link]
Sheets
Japan OECD and Bank of Japan OECD Authors [Link]; [Link]
Unicredit: CEE Households’ Wealth and
Kazakhstan n.a. n.a. n.a.
Debt Monitor
Korea OECD and Bank of Korea n.a. n.a. [Link]; [Link]
Latvia Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets n.a. n.a. [Link]/eurostat
Lithuania Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets n.a. n.a. [Link]/eurostat
Luxembourg OECD and Banque Central du Luxembourg n.a. n.a. [Link]; [Link]
Malta OECD n.a. n.a. [Link]
Mexico OECD n.a. n.a. [Link]
Netherlands OECD OECD Authors [Link]
New Zealand New Zealand Reserve Board OECD Authors [Link]
Norway OECD and Statistics Norway n.a. n.a. [Link]; [Link]
Poland OECD and National Bank of Poland n.a. n.a. [Link]; [Link]
Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets and [Link]/eurostat;
Portugal n.a. n.a.
Banco de Portugal [Link]

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Table 1-2: Household balance sheet and financial balance sheet sources, continued
Financial and non-
Country Financial data Non-financial data Link to open-access data
financial data compiled by
Romania Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets n.a. n.a. [Link]/eurostat
Unicredit: CEE Households’ Wealth and
Russia n.a. n.a. n.a.
Debt Monitor
Singapore Department of Singapore Department of
Singapore Singapore Department of Statistics [Link]
Statistics Statistics
Slovakia OECD and Národná banka Slovenska n.a. n.a. [Link]; [Link]
OECD and Eurostat Financial Balance [Link];
Slovenia n.a. n.a.
Sheets [Link]/eurostat
Aron, Muellbauer and Prinsloo (2007) and Aron, Muellbauer and Prinsloo
South Africa Same as for financial data [Link]
South African Reserve Bank (2007)
Spain Bank of Spain n.a. n.a. [Link]
Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets and [Link]/eurostat;
Sweden n.a. n.a.
Sveriges Riskbank [Link]
Switzerland OECD OECD Authors [Link]
Flow of Funds, Republic of China (Taiwan),
Taiwan Central Bank of China Central Bank of China [Link]
Central Bank of China
IMF Global Financial Stability Report 2006,
Thailand n.a. n.a. n.a.
Chapter 2
Unicredit: CEE Households’ Wealth and
Turkey n.a. n.a. n.a.
Debt Monitor
[Link];
OECD, Eurostat Financial Balance Sheets
United Kingdom OECD Authors [Link];
and Office for National Statistics
[Link]/eurostat
OECD and Federal Reserve Board (FRB)
United States Same as for financial data Authors [Link]
Flow of Fund Accounts, Table B.100
n.a. = not available

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Table 1-3: Survey sources

Country Year Source
Australia 2010 Survey of Income and Housing; see Australian Bureau of Statistics (2010).

Austria 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Belgium 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Canada 2012 Survey of Financial Security; computations made by Statistics Canada (special request)
Encuesta Financiera de Hogares (own calculations); [Link]
Chile 2011
economicas/financiera-hogares
China 2002 China Academy of Social Science Survey; see Li and Zhao (2008).

Cyprus 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Denmark 2009 See Fordeling and Levevilkar (2009), Table 8

Finland 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

France 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Germany 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Greece 2009 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

All-India Debt and Investment Survey (NSS 59th round); see National Sample Survey
India 2002
Organization (2005) and Subramanian and Jayaraj (2008).
Indonesia 1997 Indonesia Family Life Survey (own calculations); [Link]/labor/FLS/IFLS/

Italy 2010 Survey of Household Income and Wealth; authors´ calculations

Japan 2009 National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure

Korea 2011 Survey of Household Finances; Korean Statistical Information Service

Luxembourg 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Malta 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Netherlands 2009 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

New Zealand 2001 Household Saving Survey; see Statistics New Zealand (2002).

Norway 2013 Norwegian Income and Wealth Statistics for Households, see Statistics Norway.

Portugal 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Slovakia 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Slovenia 2010 Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS)

Spain 2008 Survey of Household Finances; authors’ calculations

Sweden 2007 Wealth statistics based on registers of total population; see Statistics Sweden (2007).

Switzerland 1997 Survey based on county wealth tax statistics; see Dell et al. (2005).

Thailand 2006 2006 Socioeconomic Survey; see Ariyapruchya et al (2008).

United Kingdom 2008 Wealth and Asset Survey; authors´ calculations

United States of America 2013 Survey of Consumer Finances; authors´ calculations

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Table 1-4: Changes in asset prices and exchange rates 2014–2015, selected countries
Change in market capitalization (%) Change in house price index (%) Change in USD exchange rate (%)

Ukraine 151.1 Turkey 16.1 China 0.1

China 142.8 Hong Kong 13.5 Saudi Arabia 0.0
Hong Kong 39.8 Peru 12.0 United Arab Emirates 0.0
Argentina 25.8 Ireland 10.3 United States 0.0
United Arab Emirates 14.5 Colombia 10.2 Hong Kong 0.0
Vietnam 12.5 United Kingdom 9.4 Vietnam -2.3
Japan 7.5 Sweden 8.6 Pakistan -3.0
Philippines 4.9 Chile 8.1 Philippines -3.2
India 4.8 Thailand 7.4 Taiwan -3.2
United States 3.8 Australia 7.2 Thailand -3.9
Saudi Arabia 3.5 Philippines 7.1 Switzerland -5.1
Switzerland 2.7 Brazil 6.8 India -5.6
Pakistan 2.5 South Africa 6.4 Egypt -6.3
Taiwan 2.2 Indonesia 6.3 Kuwait -6.8
Thailand 2.0 Norway 6.3 Singapore -7.4
Belgium 1.7 Mexico 6.2 United Kingdom -8.0
South Africa -0.1 Malaysia 6.1 Israel -9.1
Ireland -1.6 New Zealand 6.0 Korea -9.3
Denmark -2.9 India 4.9 Argentina -10.5
Israel -5.5 United States 4.6 Indonesia -11.1
Korea -6.6 Israel 4.6 Peru -12.1
Germany -7.5 Denmark 4.2 South Africa -12.3
Sweden -8.2 Czech Republic 3.5 Chile -13.4
Indonesia -8.4 Korea 3.4 Canada -14.7
United Kingdom -8.6 Germany 3.1 Malaysia -14.9
New Zealand -9.6 Russia 2.8 Morocco -15.8
France -9.6 Austria 2.8 Japan -17.2
Singapore -10.0 Netherlands 2.7 Mexico -17.3
Egypt -10.1 Portugal 2.3 Czech Republic -18.1
Netherlands -10.9 Canada 1.7 Belgium -18.6
Morocco -11.0 Taiwan 1.5 Austria -18.6
Italy -11.2 Romania 1.4 Portugal -18.6
Mexico -13.7 Belgium 1.2 Ireland -18.6
Finland -13.8 Switzerland 1.1 Spain -18.6
Spain -14.3 Japan 0.7 Finland -18.6
Chile -14.6 Finland 0.0 Greece -18.6
Kuwait -15.5 Spain -0.2 Netherlands -18.6
Turkey -15.8 Morocco -1.1 Australia -18.6
Canada -15.9 France -2.5 Germany -18.6
Czech Republic -16.8 United Arab Emirates -2.6 France -18.6
Peru -17.1 Italy -3.7 Denmark -18.7
Australia -18.1 Singapore -3.9 Italy -18.7
Poland -18.9 China -4.8 Poland -19.3
Austria -19.5 Greece -5.2 Sweden -19.4
Malaysia -20.3 Poland -5.5 Romania -20.3
Romania -21.6 Turkey -20.9
Brazil -25.6 Norway -22.0
Norway -26.9 New Zealand -22.8
Portugal -31.0 Colombia -27.7
Russia -35.4 Brazil -29.0
Colombia -44.5 Russia -38.9
Greece -54.9 Ukraine -44.1

Source: (1) Exchange rates: International Monetary Fund, (2) Market capitalization: Bloomberg and Datastream and (3) House prices:
Datastream

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Table 1-5: Wealth shares for countries with wealth distribution data
Share of lowest
Country Year Unit
10% 20% 25% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Australia 2010 household 0.9 6.3 18.2
Austria 2010 household -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.7 2.7 6.7 13.3
Belgium 2010 household -0.1 0.2 1.5 4.8 10.1 17.1 26.5
Canada 2012 family -0.2 -0.1 0.5 2.2 5.6 11.3 20.0
Chile 2011 household -1.2 -1.2 -1.0 2.3 9.4 18.0 28.9
China 2002 person 0.7 2.8 5.8 9.6 14.4 20.6 29.0
Cyprus 2010 household -0.2 0.3 1.6 4.0 7.3 12.0 18.3
Denmark 2009 family -15.3 -18.9 -20.2 -20.2 -19.0 -15.0 -6.8
Finland 2010 household -1.2 -1.1 -0.7 1.1 5.2 11.9 21.5
France 2010 household -0.2 -0.1 0.4 1.8 5.4 11.6 20.5
Germany 2010 household -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 0.8 2.8 6.5 12.9
Greece 2009 household -0.2 0.3 2.3 6.4 12.4 20.2 30.2
India 2012 household -1.3 -0.9 0.1 1.7 4.2 8.0 13.6
Indonesia 1997 household 0.0 0.4 1.3 2.8 5.1 8.5 13.5
Italy 2010 household -0.1 0.1 0.4 1.0 4.1 9.4 16.5 25.6
Japan 2009 household 0.4 1.3 2.1 3.3 6.9 12.5 20.2 30.7
Korea 2011 household -0.1 4.5 15.2
Luxembourg 2010 household -0.2 0.1 1.0 3.8 8.5 14.9 22.8
Malta 2010 household 0.1 1.1 3.5 7.3 12.5 19.1 27.3
Netherlands 2009 household -3.5 -3.3 -2.4 0.0 4.9 12.4 23.5
New Zealand 2001 tax unit 0.0 0.0 1.0 3.0 7.0 13.0 21.0
Norway 2013 household -5.0 -5.4 -5.1 -3.2 1.1 8.1 17.9
Portugal 2010 household -0.2 0.1 1.3 4.1 8.3 13.9 21.5
Slovakia 2010 household 0.4 3.2 7.8 13.6 20.6 28.9 38.9
Slovenia 2010 household -0.1 0.9 3.6 7.8 13.5 21.5 31.7
Spain 2008 household -0.4 0.3 1.3 2.8 6.7 12.0 18.9 27.5
Sweden 2007 adult
Switzerland 1997 family
Thailand 2006 household 0.5 3.5 12.5
United Kingdom 2008 adult 0.0 0.5 1.8 4.6 9.2 15.7 24.8
United States 2013 family -0.7 -0.5 0.0 1.1 3.2 6.9

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Table 1-5: Wealth shares for countries with wealth distribution data, continued
Share of top
Country Year Unit
25% 20% 10% 5% 2% 1% 0.5% 0.1%
Australia 2010 household 61.8
Austria 2010 household 77.1 61.7
Belgium 2010 household 61.2 44.1
Canada 2012 family 67.2 47.7
Chile 2011 household 56.4 37.6
China 2002 person 59.3 41.4
Cyprus 2010 household 72.4 56.8
Denmark 2009 family 92.8 69.3
Finland 2010 household 64.9 45.0
France 2010 household 67.5 50.0
Germany 2010 household 76.3 59.2
Greece 2009 household 56.7 38.8
India 2012 household 77.6 62.1 25.7
Indonesia 1997 household 78.9 65.4 56.0 28.7
Italy 2010 household 68.9 62.6 45.7 32.9 21.0 14.8
Japan 2009 household 62.8 55.3 34.3 19.3 4.3
Korea 2011 household 63.9
Luxembourg 2010 household 66.7 51.3
Malta 2010 household 62.0 46.9
Netherlands 2009 household 61.3 40.2
New Zealand 2001 tax unit 67.0 48.0
Norway 2013 household 68.6 49.5 35.8 18.3 8.3
Portugal 2010 household 67.9 52.7
Slovakia 2010 household 48.9 32.8
Slovenia 2010 household 54.3 36.2
Spain 2008 household 67.3 61.3 45.0 32.6 21.7 16.5
Sweden 2007 adult 67.0 49.0 24.0
Switzerland 1997 family 71.3 58.0 34.8 27.6 16.0
Thailand 2006 household 69.5
United Kingdom 2008 adult 62.8 44.3 30.5 12.5
United States 2013 family 90.5 87.0 75.0 35.5
Source: See Table 1-3

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2. Household wealth levels, 2000−2015

2.1 Introduction
As explained in Section 1, our ambition is to generate the global pattern of household wealth.
The first stage in this process is to estimate the average level of household wealth and its core
components for every country and every year since 2000.

Table 2-1 identifies 215 countries in 2015 and reports some core variables, including the
classification by region, by income class according to the World Bank, and our assessment of
the quality of wealth data.

Population figures are available for all countries and years and are reported in Table 2-2.
Figures for the number of adults, i.e. individuals aged 20 or above, are also available for most
countries and years. Where the data are not reported elsewhere, we estimate the number of
adults by assuming that the adult ratio is the (population weighted) average for the
corresponding region and income class. The results are summarized in Table 2-3.

The procedure outlined in Section 1 describes the three ways in which wealth levels data are
assembled: direct estimates via national household balance sheets (HBS) or household surveys;
regression estimates using likely correlated variables; and imputations based on the region-
income class average. In practice, the situation is slightly more complicated because some
countries have direct observations for, say, financial wealth, but require non-financial wealth to
be estimated. The timeliness of direct data is greatly improved nowadays. For financial wealth at
least, direct estimates for the first quarter of 2015 were available for 27 countries: Australia,
Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal,
Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. These
countries account for 76% of global wealth in 2015. In contrast, regression-based estimates
are impossible for many countries in recent years because data is missing on core regressors. In
these situations, wealth estimates are obtained by taking the figure for the most recent year and
updating using subsequent movements in stock market indices, house price indices, or – if
nothing better is available – growth of GDP.

In Table 2-1, we do our best to summarize the quality of wealth data for each country on a five-
point scale. A country gets five points, and a good rating if it has complete HBS data, and either
wealth distribution data or a good basis for estimating the shape of the wealth distribution. A
satisfactory rating and four points go to countries that would get a good rating except that their
HBS data does not cover non-financial assets. These countries must have a full set of
independent variables allowing regression-based estimates of non-financial assets. Countries
without any HBS data but with a household wealth survey or other wealth distribution data (from
estate tax or wealth tax sources) get a fair rating and three points. A poor rating (two points)
goes to countries without HBS or wealth distribution data, but having a full set of independent
variables allowing estimation of their wealth levels. If some independent variables are missing
but the regressions can still be performed, the rating is very poor (one point).

In Table 2-1, there are 42 countries for which wealth data quality is not assessed. These are
the countries for which we have no sensible basis for estimating wealth. In calculating the
regional and global wealth figures, we assign these countries the region-income class average;
but the separate country data are not reported in the later tables.

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2.2 Household wealth levels 2000–2015

Table 2-4 summarizes information on household wealth this century for 173 countries, five
regions (excluding China and India), and the world as a whole. The data refer to end-year values
during the period 2000–2015 and to mid-year values for 2014 and 2015.

Most of the column content is self-explanatory. The last column indicates the estimation method
used for the wealth levels, grouped into five categories. Most figures up to 2008 are labeled as
either (1) “HBS”, indicating data from official household balance sheets, (2) “survey data,” or (3)
“regression,” referring to estimated values based on wealth regressions. When multiple methods
are employed (e.g. for financial assets and non-financial assets), we report either “HBS” or
“survey data” as appropriate. Two labels are typically reported for recent years. “Updated HBS”
and “Updated regression” mean HBS data (respectively, regression estimates) updated using
market capitalization growth for financial assets, house prices for non-financial assets and GDP
per capita growth for debts. For countries lacking information on house prices or market
capitalization, GDP per capita growth was used to project net worth per adult forward to the
years 2010–2015.

Wealth estimates for recent years are subject to future revision as statistical agencies release
more data. Wealth estimates for earlier periods should be less prone to change. As a rough
guide, we expect that our wealth estimates prior to 2010 are not likely to change much in the
future. However, statistical agencies occasionally make significant revisions to their historical
data series – reflecting altered definitions of categories, or improved valuations, for example.
When this happens, we are obliged to respect the new figures, and this can have repercussions
for the wealth estimates of other countries, given the methods we employ. In addition, our
methods are constantly being refined in response to new developments at the frontier of
research. This too can affect the historical data, although mainly for countries with little hard
evidence on wealth, and hence more reliant on the techniques used to derive our estimates.

2.3 Wealth trends 2000–2015

From the data reported for individual years, time series can be assembled for a number of
important wealth variables. Table 2-5 provides examples for the world and for each region. They
show that wealth per adult has grown from USD 31,727 to 52,432 over the period 2000-
2015, an average growth rate of 3.5% per annum. Most of this growth occurred before the
financial crisis. In the period since 2007 average wealth has stagnated in the world outside
China and North America. However, the restrained performance in recent years is largely due to
appreciation of the USD. When measured at constant exchange rates, wealth has grown at a
consistent, albeit modest, rate during the whole post-crisis period.

Table 2-5 provides similar details regarding the relative importance over time of the three main
subcomponents of household wealth: financial assets, non-financial assets (principally housing
and land) and debts. At the start of the millennium, financial assets accounted for 55% of gross
household assets. This share fell until 2008, when it briefly dipped below 50%. Since that time
non-financial assets have shown little growth worldwide, in contrast to financial wealth, which
has grown robustly. As a consequence, the share of financial wealth has recovered to 55%
compared to 45% for non-financial assets, the same division of the portfolio as in 2000.
Expressed as a proportion of household net worth, debt has moved in the opposite direction,
and within a relatively narrow range. Globally, household debt rose from 14% of gross wealth in
2000 to 17% in 2008, and has since returned to the 14% level observed at the start of the
century.

Finally, Table 2-7 extracts information on changes in household wealth in the 12 months to mid-
2015. The United States again leads in terms of absolute wealth gains, but is overtaken by
Hong Kong and China when gains are expressed as percentages. Japan, France, Italy,
Germany lost the most wealth measured in USD at current exchange rates. But Ukraine,
Russia, Brazil and Colombia were the main losers in percentage terms.

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Table 2-1: Country details

Share of Wealth data
GDP per Wealth per Wealth per Total
world
adult adult adult wealth
wealth quality
Country Region Income Group
2015 2000 2015 2015 2015
USD USD USD USD bn %
Afghanistan Asia-Pacific Low income 1,539 n.a.
Albania Europe Lower middle income 5,990 3,104 8,713 20 0 Poor
Algeria Africa Lower middle income 8,920 5,984 8,274 205 0.1 Poor
American Samoa Asia-Pacific Upper middle income n.a.
Andorra Europe High income n.a.
Angola Africa Low income 13,915 2,235 15,302 149 0.1 Very poor
Antigua and Barbuda Latin America High income 22,874 21,622 21,567 1 0 Very poor
Argentina Latin America Upper middle income 18,484 24,874 9,778 282 0.1 Poor
Armenia Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 4,702 1,916 5,343 12 0 Poor
Aruba Latin America High income n.a.
Australia Asia-Pacific High income 97,420 103,151 364,896 6,174 2.5 Good
Austria Europe High income 65,474 91,321 196,092 1,335 0.5 Satisfactory
Azerbaijan Asia-Pacific Low income 15,516 3,011 17,837 115 0 Poor
Bahamas Latin America High income 38,607 36,586 44,299 11 0 Poor
Bahrain Asia-Pacific High income 35,475 36,632 49,163 29 0 Poor
Bangladesh Asia-Pacific Low income 1,320 1,069 2,201 237 0.1 Poor
Barbados Latin America High income 24,696 17,220 20,022 4 0 Poor
Belarus Europe Lower middle income 9,104 2,239 1,551 12 0 Poor
Belgium Europe High income 61,215 147,824 259,406 2,189 0.9 Satisfactory
Belize Latin America Upper middle income 8,254 8,708 10,602 2 0 Poor
Benin Africa Low income 1,760 1,195 3,044 15 0 Very poor
Bermuda North America High income n.a.
Bhutan Asia-Pacific Low income 4,737 n.a.
Bolivia Latin America Lower middle income 5,136 2,091 5,202 31 0 Poor
Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe Lower middle income 6,359 3,918 10,704 32 0 Poor
Botswana Africa Upper middle income 17,083 4,300 9,196 11 0 Poor
Brazil Latin America Upper middle income 20,187 8,028 17,597 2,436 1 Fair
Brunei Asia-Pacific High income 55,042 24,087 46,512 14 0 Very poor
Bulgaria Europe Lower middle income 10,024 3,963 15,892 94 0 Satisfactory
Burkina Faso Africa Low income 1,774 489 1,265 10 0 Very poor
Burundi Africa Low income 644 179 356 2 0 Very poor
Cambodia Asia-Pacific Low income 1,944 986 3,163 30 0 Poor
Cameroon Africa Low income 2,661 1,679 2,458 27 0 Poor
Canada North America High income 69,507 108,464 248,276 6,872 2.7 Good
Cape Verde Africa Lower middle income 7,494 9,624 15,732 5 0 Poor
Cayman Islands Latin America High income n.a.
Central African Republic Africa Low income 1,002 570 773 2 0 Poor
Chad Africa Low income 2,047 401 985 6 0 Poor
Channel Islands Europe High income n.a.
Chile Latin America Upper middle income 24,715 17,290 41,982 535 0.2 Fair
China China Lower middle income 9,925 5,672 22,513 22,817 9.1 Fair
Colombia Latin America Lower middle income 13,788 6,610 20,477 643 0.3 Satisfactory
Comoros Africa Low income 1,822 1,445 2,741 1 0 Poor
Congo, Dem. Rep. Africa Low income 603 164 374 13 0 Poor
Congo, Rep. Africa Low income 7,299 1,066 3,344 7 0 Poor
Costa Rica Latin America Upper middle income 16,329 10,713 29,862 100 0 Poor
Cote d'Ivoire Africa Low income 2,425 2,073 2,698 32 0 Poor
Croatia Europe Upper middle income 19,395 8,623 22,386 78 0 Satisfactory
Cuba Latin America Lower middle income n.a.
Cyprus Europe High income 38,334 86,007 112,220 80 0 Fair
Czech Republic Europe Upper middle income 26,371 11,775 41,710 353 0.1 Good
Denmark Europe High income 78,298 104,865 251,634 1,061 0.4 Good
Djibouti Africa Lower middle income 3,153 2,708 3,846 2 0 Poor
Dominica Latin America Upper middle income 11,864 8,549 26,122 1 0 Very poor

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Table 2-1: Country details, continued

Share of Wealth data
GDP per Wealth per Wealth per Total
world
adult adult adult wealth
wealth quality
Country Region Income Group
2015 2000 2015 2015 2015
USD USD USD USD bn %
Dominican Republic Latin America Lower middle income 10,423 n.a.
Ecuador Latin America Lower middle income 8,749 3,592 12,717 114 0 Poor
Egypt Africa Lower middle income 5,508 7,170 6,983 379 0.2 Poor
El Salvador Latin America Lower middle income 7,642 6,373 13,337 51 0 Poor
Equatorial Guinea Africa Lower middle income 33,049 1,160 16,450 6 0 Poor
Eritrea Africa Low income 1,391 406 2,383 7 0 Poor
Estonia Europe Upper middle income 24,407 7,337 35,503 37 0 Fair
Ethiopia Africa Low income 1,127 189 441 20 0 Poor
Faeroe Islands Europe High income n.a.
Fiji Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 7,211 4,492 5,893 3 0 Poor
Finland Europe High income 66,625 78,532 149,917 633 0.3 Good
France Europe High income 60,234 103,619 262,070 12,697 5.1 Good
French Guiana Latin America Upper middle income n.a.
French Polynesia Asia-Pacific High income n.a.
Gabon Africa Upper middle income 19,755 9,616 17,701 16 0 Poor
Gambia Africa Low income 1,216 793 886 1 0 Poor
Georgia Asia-Pacific Low income 5,713 4,277 18,636 59 0 Poor
Germany Europe High income 55,294 89,770 177,984 11,939 4.8 Good
Ghana Africa Low income 3,821 1,098 773 11 0 Very poor
Greece Europe High income 30,826 57,716 81,342 743 0.3 Satisfactory
Greenland North America High income n.a.
Grenada Latin America Upper middle income 14,252 5,833 16,085 1 0 Poor
Guadeloupe Latin America High income n.a.
Guam Asia-Pacific High income n.a.
Guatemala Latin America Lower middle income 7,384 n.a.
Guinea Africa Low income 1,202 910 960 5 0 Very poor
Guinea-Bissau Africa Low income 1,293 320 410 0 0 Poor
Guyana Latin America Lower middle income 6,645 1,092 4,450 2 0 Poor
Haiti Latin America Low income 1,841 5,760 3,506 21 0 Very poor
Honduras Latin America Lower middle income 4,618 n.a.
Hong Kong Asia-Pacific High income 50,502 117,699 173,685 1,074 0.4 Poor
Hungary Europe Upper middle income 19,257 11,892 30,796 244 0.1 Satisfactory
Iceland Europe High income 61,078 233,120 351,037 91 0 Very poor
India India Low income 2,907 2,036 4,352 3,447 1.4 Fair
Indonesia Asia-Pacific Low income 7,700 2,502 9,031 1,460 0.6 Fair
Iran Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 10,215 2,852 3,654 200 0.1 Poor
Iraq Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 9,605 n.a.
Ireland Europe High income 70,018 91,525 194,650 690 0.3 Satisfactory
Isle of Man Europe High income n.a.
Israel Asia-Pacific High income 51,812 92,589 155,982 791 0.3 Good
Italy Europe High income 42,763 119,773 203,577 10,025 4 Good
Jamaica Latin America Lower middle income 9,393 8,694 10,032 18 0 Poor
Japan Asia-Pacific High income 60,261 191,877 190,230 19,837 7.9 Good
Jordan Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 9,407 8,233 14,742 59 0 Poor
Kazakhstan Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 22,514 2,368 5,593 62 0 Poor
Kenya Africa Low income 2,764 1,071 1,879 41 0 Poor
Kiribati Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 2,899 n.a.
Korea Asia-Pacific High income 35,101 33,257 91,108 3,545 1.4 Satisfactory
Korea, North Asia-Pacific Low income n.a.
Kosovo Europe Lower middle income n.a.
Kuwait Asia-Pacific High income 69,908 52,307 113,419 269 0.1 Poor
Kyrgyzstan Asia-Pacific Low income 2,208 1,225 4,896 18 0 Poor
Laos Asia-Pacific Low income 2,917 1,237 6,219 24 0 Poor
Latvia Europe Upper middle income 17,389 5,261 20,977 37 0 Poor

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Table 2-1: Country details, continued

Share of Wealth data
GDP per Wealth per Wealth per Total
world
adult adult adult wealth
wealth quality
Country Region Income Group
2015 2000 2015 2015 2015
USD USD USD USD bn %
Lebanon Asia-Pacific Upper middle income 17,239 20,695 30,207 91 0 Poor
Lesotho Africa Low income 3,043 972 3,384 4 0 Poor
Liberia Africa Low income 803 570 2,133 5 0 Poor
Libya Africa Upper middle income 22,713 33,866 28,628 127 0.1 Poor
Liechtenstein Europe High income n.a.
Lithuania Europe Upper middle income 19,459 6,303 22,628 57 0 Satisfactory
Luxembourg Europe High income 142,155 182,217 303,695 121 0 Poor
Macao Asia-Pacific High income n.a.
Macedonia Europe Lower middle income 7,256 5,117 9,605 15 0 Poor
Madagascar Africa Low income 1,079 682 340 4 0 Poor
Malawi Africa Low income 824 362 169 1 0 Poor
Malaysia Asia-Pacific Upper middle income 19,039 8,342 22,700 431 0.2 Poor
Maldives Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 10,649 1,857 6,724 1 0 Very poor
Mali Africa Low income 1,666 465 923 6 0 Poor
Malta Europe High income 28,077 54,069 110,998 37 0 Poor
Marshall Islands Asia-Pacific Lower middle income n.a.
Martinique Latin America High income n.a.
Mauritania Africa Low income 2,676 1,469 2,038 4 0 Very poor
Mauritius Africa Upper middle income 13,537 14,574 33,770 32 0 Poor
Mayotte Africa Low income n.a.
Mexico Latin America Upper middle income 17,821 17,484 25,949 1,957 0.8 Satisfactory
Micronesia Asia-Pacific Lower middle income n.a.
Moldova Europe Lower middle income 3,388 671 3,104 8 0 Very poor
Monaco Europe High income n.a.
Mongolia Asia-Pacific Low income 9,767 2,847 15,548 30 0 Poor
Montenegro Europe Lower middle income 9,967 3,392 18,251 9 0 Poor
Morocco Africa Lower middle income 5,549 6,116 10,123 222 0.1 Poor
Mozambique Africa Low income 1,692 438 779 9 0 Poor
Myanmar Asia-Pacific Low income 1,476 528 2,119 74 0 Very poor
Namibia Africa Lower middle income 12,078 6,276 15,420 20 0 Poor
Nepal Asia-Pacific Low income 1,289 780 2,025 37 0 Poor
Netherlands Europe High income 65,332 106,872 182,782 2,379 1 Good
Netherlands Antilles Latin America High income n.a.
New Caledonia Asia-Pacific High income n.a.
New Zealand Asia-Pacific High income 58,113 106,330 400,811 1,320 0.5 Good
Nicaragua Latin America Low income 2,500 2,342 3,418 12 0 Poor
Niger Africa Low income 1,269 345 934 7 0 Very poor
Nigeria Africa Low income 3,728 1,591 2,705 226 0.1 Very poor
Northern Mariana Islands Asia-Pacific Upper middle income n.a.
Norway Europe High income 134,113 110,805 321,352 1,217 0.5 Satisfactory
Oman Asia-Pacific Upper middle income 38,210 22,478 50,362 98 0 Poor
Pakistan Asia-Pacific Low income 2,558 2,399 4,459 495 0.2 Poor
Palau Asia-Pacific Upper middle income n.a.
Panama Latin America Upper middle income 17,380 8,546 22,541 54 0 Poor
Papua New Guinea Asia-Pacific Low income 5,656 1,632 8,797 34 0 Very poor
Paraguay Latin America Lower middle income 7,338 4,320 10,505 43 0 Very poor
Peru Latin America Lower middle income 11,313 6,482 20,113 391 0.2 Poor
Philippines Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 4,484 2,768 9,177 540 0.2 Poor
Poland Europe Upper middle income 19,710 8,871 24,370 739 0.3 Satisfactory
Portugal Europe High income 27,329 48,008 73,843 638 0.3 Satisfactory
Puerto Rico Latin America High income n.a.
Qatar Asia-Pacific High income 129,915 26,533 156,986 203 0.1 Poor
Reunion Africa Upper middle income n.a.
Romania Europe Lower middle income 13,438 3,840 13,295 221 0.1 Satisfactory

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Table 2-1: Country details, continued

Share of Wealth data
GDP per Wealth per Wealth per Total
world
adult adult adult wealth
wealth quality
Country Region Income Group
2015 2000 2015 2015 2015
USD USD USD USD bn %
Russia Europe Upper middle income 23,027 2,935 11,726 1,284 0.5 Fair
Rwanda Africa Low income 1,584 392 766 4 0 Very poor
Samoa Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 8,227 8,937 35,273 3 0 Very poor
San Marino Europe High income n.a.
Sao Tome and Principe Africa Low income 4,548 3,085 3,080 0 0 Very poor
Saudi Arabia Asia-Pacific Upper middle income 37,453 23,388 39,481 687 0.3 Poor
Senegal Africa Low income 2,437 1,436 2,446 16 0 Poor
Serbia Europe Lower middle income 8,941 2,826 6,585 50 0 Poor
Seychelles Africa Upper middle income 18,352 34,466 58,651 3 0 Poor
Sierra Leone Africa Low income 1,246 273 747 2 0 Poor
Singapore Asia-Pacific High income 66,599 112,757 269,408 1,091 0.4 Good
Slovakia Europe Upper middle income 24,624 9,547 24,062 104 0 Satisfactory
Slovenia Europe High income 30,495 33,564 56,406 94 0 Satisfactory
Solomon Islands Asia-Pacific Low income 3,599 6,778 9,702 3 0 Very poor
Somalia Africa Low income n.a.
South Africa Africa Upper middle income 14,679 8,434 21,402 671 0.3 Fair
Spain Europe High income 39,586 64,521 111,643 4,195 1.7 Good
Sri Lanka Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 5,535 1,247 5,017 73 0 Poor
St. Kitts and Nevis Latin America Upper middle income 20,565 11,057 25,503 1 0 Very poor
St. Lucia Latin America Upper middle income 12,754 5,631 14,450 2 0 Very poor
St. Vincent and the Grenadines Latin America Lower middle income 11,338 4,705 11,339 1 0 Poor
Sudan Africa Low income 2,973 916 1,018 25 0 Poor
Suriname Latin America Lower middle income 15,997 4,762 17,575 6 0 Very poor
Swaziland Africa Lower middle income 6,568 3,837 3,749 2 0 Poor
Sweden Europe High income 83,249 126,304 311,353 2,294 0.9 Satisfactory
Switzerland Europe High income 100,281 232,548 567,122 3,491 1.4 Good
Syria Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 3,363 1,775 24 0 Poor
Taiwan Asia-Pacific High income 30,471 106,858 194,701 3,592 1.4 Satisfactory
Tajikistan Asia-Pacific Low income 1,857 666 2,691 11 0 Poor
Tanzania Africa Low income 1,532 541 907 21 0 Very poor
Thailand Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 9,614 2,570 7,330 369 0.1 Fair
Timor-Leste Asia-Pacific Low income 8,194 n.a.
Togo Africa Low income 1,034 1,032 2,261 9 0 Very poor
Tonga Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 9,429 4,909 14,077 1 0 Poor
Trinidad and Tobago Latin America Upper middle income 30,484 5,699 16,160 16 0 Poor
Tunisia Africa Lower middle income 6,651 11,459 18,397 140 0.1 Poor
Turkey Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 19,307 12,342 19,301 1,025 0.4 Poor
Turkmenistan Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 10,965 9,211 44,915 156 0.1 Very poor
Uganda Africa Low income 1,458 332 674 11 0 Very poor
Ukraine Europe Lower middle income 6,236 941 1,437 51 0 Poor
United Arab Emirates Asia-Pacific High income 90,979 56,903 144,377 560 0.2 Poor
United Kingdom Europe High income 56,333 162,999 320,368 15,601 6.2 Good
United States North America High income 73,152 209,022 352,996 85,901 34.3 Good
Uruguay Latin America Upper middle income 24,856 20,432 39,299 95 0 Poor
Uzbekistan Asia-Pacific Low income 3,437 n.a.
Vanuatu Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 6,687 2,338 5,575 1 0 Poor
Venezuela Latin America Upper middle income 17,061 9,855 6,725 132 0.1 Very poor
Vietnam Asia-Pacific Low income 2,634 1,727 5,030 320 0.1 Poor
Virgin Islands (U.S.) Latin America High income 18,830 16,545 1 0 n.a.
West Bank and Gaza Asia-Pacific Lower middle income 1,998 5,759 13 0 Very poor
Yemen Asia-Pacific Low income 3,265 1,633 5,370 69 0 Very poor
Zambia Africa Low income 4,062 696 1,383 9 0 Poor
Zimbabwe Africa Low income 1,927 1,088 3,650 26 0 Very poor
Sources: (1) GDP: World Development Indicators, World Bank; (2) wealth levels are original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 22

 October 2015

Table 2-2: Population by country (thousands)

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Afghanistan 20,536 24,507 25,390 26,290 27,208 28,150 29,117 30,110 31,123 32,152 32,674 33,720
Albania 3,068 3,111 3,122 3,132 3,143 3,155 3,169 3,185 3,202 3,220 3,229 3,247
Algeria 30,506 32,855 33,351 33,858 34,373 34,895 35,423 35,954 36,489 37,024 37,291 37,823
American Samoa 58 63 64 65 66 66 66 67 68 69 70 71
Andorra 65 78 80 82 84 84 85 86 87 88 88 89
Angola 14,280 16,618 17,089 17,555 18,021 18,498 18,993 19,508 20,039 20,584 20,860 21,413
Antigua and Barbuda 77 84 85 86 87 87 87 88 89 90 90 91
Argentina 36,939 38,732 39,105 39,490 39,883 40,276 40,666 41,050 41,431 41,807 41,993 42,364
Armenia 3,076 3,065 3,068 3,072 3,077 3,083 3,090 3,099 3,109 3,119 3,125 3,135
Aruba 91 101 103 104 105 107 107 108 108 109 109 109
Australia 19,171 20,395 20,628 20,854 21,074 21,293 21,512 21,732 21,951 22,171 22,280 22,498
Austria 8,005 8,232 8,272 8,307 8,337 8,364 8,387 8,408 8,425 8,439 8,446 8,460
Azerbaijan 8,121 8,453 8,538 8,632 8,731 8,832 8,934 9,035 9,136 9,235 9,283 9,379
Bahamas 305 325 330 334 338 342 346 350 354 358 360 364
Bahrain 650 728 744 760 776 791 807 823 838 853 860 875
Bangladesh 140,767 153,122 155,463 157,753 160,000 162,221 164,425 166,616 168,790 170,948 172,019 174,154
Barbados 252 253 254 255 255 256 257 257 258 258 259 259
Belarus 10,054 9,816 9,770 9,724 9,679 9,634 9,588 9,542 9,496 9,449 9,426 9,379
Belgium 10,193 10,415 10,471 10,531 10,590 10,647 10,698 10,741 10,779 10,813 10,829 10,861
Belize 252 282 288 295 301 307 313 319 325 331 335 341
Benin 6,659 7,868 8,128 8,393 8,662 8,935 9,212 9,492 9,775 10,062 10,207 10,500
Bermuda 62 64 64 64 64 64 64 65 66 67 68 69
Bhutan 561 650 664 676 687 697 708 720 733 746 752 764
Bolivia 8,317 9,182 9,354 9,524 9,694 9,863 10,031 10,198 10,364 10,529 10,610 10,773
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,694 3,781 3,781 3,778 3,773 3,767 3,760 3,753 3,747 3,741 3,738 3,731
Botswana 1,723 1,839 1,865 1,892 1,921 1,950 1,978 2,004 2,030 2,056 2,068 2,093
Brazil 174,174 186,075 188,158 190,120 191,972 193,734 195,423 197,041 198,585 200,064 200,777 202,177
Brunei 333 370 377 385 392 400 407 414 422 429 432 440
Bulgaria 8,006 7,739 7,690 7,641 7,593 7,545 7,497 7,451 7,404 7,357 7,334 7,287
Burkina Faso 11,676 13,747 14,225 14,721 15,234 15,757 16,287 16,821 17,361 17,906 18,181 18,734
Burundi 6,473 7,378 7,603 7,838 8,074 8,303 8,519 8,717 8,899 9,071 9,155 9,327
Cambodia 12,760 13,866 14,092 14,324 14,562 14,805 15,053 15,305 15,563 15,825 15,957 16,224
Cameroon 15,865 17,823 18,238 18,660 19,088 19,522 19,958 20,398 20,840 21,284 21,505 21,948
Canada 30,687 32,307 32,628 32,945 33,259 33,573 33,890 34,208 34,528 34,849 35,010 35,332
Cape Verde 439 477 485 492 499 506 513 520 527 534 537 545
Cayman Islands 40 44 53 54 54 54 54 55 56 57 58 59
Central African Republic 3,746 4,101 4,178 4,257 4,339 4,422 4,506 4,590 4,674 4,759 4,801 4,885
Chad 8,402 10,019 10,326 10,623 10,914 11,206 11,506 11,815 12,131 12,455 12,620 12,952
Channel Islands 147 149 149 149 150 150 150 150 150 151 151 151
Chile 15,419 16,297 16,467 16,636 16,804 16,970 17,135 17,297 17,458 17,617 17,695 17,849
China 1,244,677 1,289,483 1,297,847 1,306,131 1,314,374 1,322,714 1,331,110 1,339,578 1,348,090 1,356,564 1,360,724 1,368,920
Colombia 39,773 43,049 43,704 44,359 45,012 45,660 46,300 46,933 47,557 48,173 48,478 49,084
Comoros 552 616 631 646 661 676 691 707 722 737 744 759
Congo, Dem. Rep. 50,829 59,077 60,800 62,523 64,257 66,020 67,827 69,678 71,566 73,488 74,464 76,429
Congo, Rep. 3,036 3,417 3,486 3,551 3,615 3,683 3,759 3,843 3,933 4,029 4,078 4,176
Costa Rica 3,931 4,328 4,396 4,459 4,519 4,579 4,640 4,702 4,766 4,831 4,862 4,926
Cote d'Ivoire 17,281 19,245 19,673 20,123 20,591 21,075 21,571 22,079 22,600 23,131 23,400 23,940
Croatia 4,505 4,443 4,436 4,429 4,423 4,416 4,410 4,403 4,395 4,387 4,383 4,374
Cuba 11,087 11,193 11,201 11,204 11,205 11,204 11,204 11,206 11,208 11,211 11,212 11,213
Cyprus 787 836 845 854 862 871 880 889 897 906 911 920
Czech Republic 10,224 10,195 10,225 10,268 10,319 10,369 10,411 10,443 10,466 10,482 10,489 10,503
Denmark 5,335 5,417 5,431 5,445 5,458 5,470 5,481 5,491 5,500 5,508 5,512 5,519
Djibouti 730 805 819 834 849 864 879 894 909 923 931 946
Dominica 71 72 72 73 73 73 73 74 75 76 77 78

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 23

 October 2015

Table 2-2: Population by country (thousands), continued

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Dominican Republic 8,830 9,533 9,674 9,814 9,953 10,090 10,225 10,358 10,489 10,617 10,680 10,805
Ecuador 12,310 13,063 13,203 13,342 13,481 13,625 13,775 13,932 14,096 14,263 14,347 14,514
Egypt 70,174 77,154 78,602 80,061 81,527 82,999 84,474 85,950 87,424 88,890 89,617 91,061
El Salvador 5,945 6,059 6,082 6,107 6,134 6,163 6,194 6,227 6,263 6,301 6,321 6,362
Equatorial Guinea 529 609 625 642 659 676 693 710 728 745 754 772
Eritrea 3,657 4,473 4,631 4,781 4,927 5,073 5,224 5,380 5,538 5,698 5,777 5,932
Estonia 1,370 1,347 1,345 1,343 1,341 1,340 1,339 1,339 1,338 1,338 1,338 1,337
Ethiopia 65,515 74,661 76,628 78,646 80,713 82,825 84,976 87,165 89,391 91,649 92,791 95,085
Faeroe Islands 46 48 48 48 49 49 49 50 51 52 52 53
Fiji 802 828 833 839 844 849 854 859 863 867 869 872
Finland 5,173 5,244 5,263 5,283 5,304 5,326 5,346 5,365 5,383 5,400 5,408 5,424
France 59,128 61,013 61,373 61,714 62,036 62,343 62,637 62,916 63,180 63,431 63,550 63,785
French Guiana 165 202 208 214 220 226 231 237 243 249 252 258
French Polynesia 236 255 259 262 266 269 272 276 279 283 284 287
Gabon 1,233 1,369 1,396 1,422 1,448 1,475 1,501 1,528 1,556 1,583 1,597 1,625
Gambia 1,302 1,526 1,571 1,616 1,660 1,705 1,751 1,797 1,843 1,891 1,914 1,962
Georgia 4,745 4,465 4,411 4,358 4,307 4,260 4,219 4,184 4,154 4,129 4,117 4,095
Germany 82,075 82,409 82,393 82,343 82,264 82,167 82,057 81,936 81,803 81,660 81,583 81,426
Ghana 19,529 21,915 22,393 22,871 23,351 23,837 24,333 24,838 25,353 25,874 26,137 26,662
Greece 10,942 11,064 11,087 11,112 11,137 11,161 11,183 11,203 11,221 11,237 11,243 11,256
Greenland 56 57 57 57 56 56 56 57 58 59 60 61
Grenada 101 103 103 103 104 104 104 105 105 106 106 106
Guadeloupe 429 456 459 462 464 465 467 469 471 473 474 475
Guam 155 169 171 173 176 178 180 182 184 186 188 190
Guatemala 11,231 12,710 13,029 13,354 13,686 14,027 14,377 14,736 15,103 15,476 15,663 16,039
Guinea 8,384 9,221 9,412 9,615 9,833 10,069 10,324 10,600 10,895 11,205 11,364 11,683
Guinea-Bissau 1,304 1,473 1,507 1,541 1,575 1,611 1,647 1,685 1,725 1,765 1,786 1,827
Guyana 756 764 764 764 763 762 761 760 759 758 757 755
Haiti 8,648 9,410 9,564 9,720 9,876 10,033 10,188 10,343 10,497 10,651 10,727 10,881
Honduras 6,230 6,893 7,032 7,174 7,319 7,466 7,616 7,768 7,922 8,077 8,154 8,309
Hong Kong 6,667 6,883 6,916 6,948 6,982 7,022 7,069 7,126 7,190 7,260 7,295 7,364
Hungary 10,215 10,078 10,054 10,032 10,012 9,993 9,973 9,954 9,934 9,914 9,904 9,884
Iceland 281 296 301 308 315 323 329 335 340 345 347 351
India 1,042,590 1,130,618 1,147,746 1,164,670 1,181,412 1,198,003 1,214,464 1,230,792 1,246,960 1,262,941 1,270,819 1,286,444
Indonesia 205,280 219,210 221,954 224,670 227,345 229,965 232,517 234,996 237,403 239,737 240,868 243,095
Iran 66,903 70,765 71,585 72,437 73,312 74,196 75,078 75,954 76,827 77,699 78,136 79,014
Iraq 24,652 28,238 28,876 29,486 30,096 30,747 31,467 32,267 33,136 34,051 34,513 35,430
Ireland 3,804 4,187 4,271 4,355 4,437 4,515 4,589 4,657 4,719 4,776 4,804 4,858
Isle of Man 77 80 80 81 81 81 81 82 83 84 84 85
Israel 6,084 6,692 6,811 6,932 7,051 7,170 7,285 7,398 7,508 7,616 7,668 7,772
Italy 57,116 58,645 58,982 59,305 59,604 59,870 60,098 60,281 60,418 60,513 60,543 60,588
Jamaica 2,568 2,668 2,683 2,696 2,708 2,719 2,730 2,741 2,753 2,764 2,770 2,781
Japan 126,706 127,449 127,451 127,396 127,293 127,156 126,995 126,814 126,608 126,373 126,238 125,947
Jordan 4,853 5,566 5,747 5,941 6,136 6,316 6,472 6,599 6,699 6,784 6,825 6,912
Kazakhstan 14,957 15,194 15,298 15,408 15,521 15,637 15,753 15,868 15,979 16,086 16,137 16,239
Kenya 31,441 35,817 36,772 37,755 38,765 39,802 40,863 41,948 43,054 44,176 44,740 45,868
Kiribati 84 92 94 95 97 97 97 98 99 100 100 101
Korea 46,429 47,566 47,766 47,962 48,152 48,333 48,501 48,656 48,799 48,930 48,990 49,101
Korea, North 22,859 23,529 23,632 23,728 23,819 23,906 23,991 24,074 24,155 24,236 24,277 24,358
Kosovo 1,700 1,767 1,777 1,785 1,795 1,795 1,795 1,796 1,797 1,798 1,799 1,800
Kuwait 2,228 2,700 2,779 2,851 2,919 2,985 3,051 3,117 3,183 3,249 3,281 3,346
Kyrgyzstan 4,955 5,221 5,282 5,346 5,414 5,482 5,550 5,617 5,684 5,750 5,782 5,846
Laos 5,403 5,880 5,983 6,092 6,205 6,320 6,436 6,552 6,669 6,787 6,847 6,967
Latvia 2,374 2,292 2,280 2,269 2,259 2,249 2,240 2,231 2,223 2,214 2,210 2,201

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 24

 October 2015

Table 2-2: Population by country (thousands), continued

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Lebanon 3,772 4,082 4,126 4,162 4,194 4,224 4,255 4,288 4,322 4,357 4,374 4,409
Lesotho 1,889 1,995 2,014 2,032 2,049 2,067 2,084 2,101 2,118 2,135 2,144 2,160
Liberia 2,824 3,334 3,471 3,627 3,793 3,955 4,102 4,231 4,346 4,452 4,504 4,611
Libya 5,346 5,923 6,045 6,169 6,294 6,420 6,546 6,671 6,795 6,919 6,979 7,099
Liechtenstein 33 35 35 35 36 36 36 37 38 39 39 40
Lithuania 3,501 3,416 3,389 3,356 3,321 3,287 3,255 3,228 3,204 3,183 3,173 3,153
Luxembourg 437 464 470 475 481 486 492 497 503 509 511 517
Macao 441 488 500 513 526 538 548 555 559 563 564 567
Macedonia 2,012 2,035 2,038 2,040 2,041 2,042 2,043 2,044 2,044 2,045 2,045 2,045
Madagascar 15,275 17,614 18,105 18,604 19,111 19,625 20,146 20,675 21,210 21,752 22,026 22,577
Malawi 11,831 13,654 14,043 14,439 14,846 15,263 15,692 16,131 16,582 17,044 17,280 17,757
Malaysia 23,274 25,633 26,095 26,556 27,014 27,468 27,914 28,352 28,783 29,208 29,417 29,834
Maldives 272 292 297 301 305 309 314 319 323 328 330 335
Mali 10,523 11,833 12,118 12,409 12,706 13,010 13,323 13,644 13,973 14,308 14,478 14,821
Malta 389 403 405 406 407 409 410 411 413 414 415 416
Marshall Islands 51 56 57 58 60 60 60 61 62 63 63 64
Martinique 385 398 400 402 403 405 406 407 408 409 410 411
Mauritania 2,604 2,985 3,062 3,139 3,215 3,291 3,366 3,440 3,514 3,587 3,623 3,696
Mauritius 1,195 1,252 1,262 1,271 1,280 1,288 1,297 1,305 1,313 1,321 1,325 1,333
Mayotte 149 174 179 184 189 194 199 204 209 214 216 222
Mexico 99,531 105,330 106,411 107,487 108,555 109,610 110,645 111,663 112,667 113,650 114,128 115,067
Micronesia 107 109 110 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 113
Moldova 4,100 3,759 3,709 3,667 3,633 3,604 3,576 3,549 3,525 3,502 3,492 3,472
Monaco 32 32 33 33 33 33 33 34 35 36 36 37
Mongolia 2,389 2,550 2,581 2,611 2,641 2,671 2,701 2,732 2,763 2,793 2,809 2,839
Montenegro 661 625 621 621 622 624 626 626 626 626 626 626
Morocco 28,827 30,495 30,853 31,224 31,606 31,993 32,381 32,771 33,162 33,553 33,748 34,137
Mozambique 18,249 20,834 21,353 21,869 22,383 22,894 23,406 23,916 24,426 24,936 25,191 25,702
Myanmar 46,610 48,345 48,723 49,129 49,563 50,020 50,496 50,992 51,510 52,039 52,303 52,827
Namibia 1,824 2,009 2,048 2,089 2,130 2,171 2,212 2,252 2,292 2,332 2,352 2,392
Nepal 24,432 27,222 27,758 28,287 28,810 29,331 29,853 30,377 30,902 31,431 31,698 32,234
Netherlands 15,915 16,316 16,389 16,460 16,528 16,592 16,653 16,711 16,765 16,817 16,841 16,891
Netherlands Antilles 181 186 189 192 195 198 201 203 204 205 206 207
New Caledonia 215 235 239 243 246 250 254 257 261 264 266 270
New Zealand 3,868 4,111 4,153 4,193 4,230 4,266 4,303 4,341 4,379 4,417 4,436 4,473
Nicaragua 5,101 5,455 5,525 5,595 5,667 5,743 5,822 5,906 5,994 6,085 6,130 6,220
Niger 11,031 13,102 13,604 14,140 14,704 15,290 15,891 16,507 17,139 17,789 18,124 18,804
Nigeria 124,842 140,879 144,273 147,722 151,212 154,729 158,259 161,796 165,337 168,876 170,642 174,168
Northern Mariana Islands 69 80 82 84 85 85 85 86 87 88 89 90
Norway 4,484 4,635 4,676 4,720 4,767 4,812 4,855 4,895 4,933 4,968 4,985 5,019
Oman 2,402 2,618 2,670 2,726 2,785 2,845 2,905 2,964 3,023 3,081 3,110 3,169
Pakistan 148,132 165,816 169,470 173,178 176,952 180,808 184,753 188,794 192,920 197,104 199,206 203,406
Palau 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 22 23 24 25
Panama 2,951 3,232 3,288 3,343 3,399 3,454 3,508 3,562 3,616 3,669 3,695 3,747
Papua New Guinea 5,388 6,118 6,270 6,423 6,577 6,732 6,888 7,045 7,203 7,361 7,440 7,599
Paraguay 5,350 5,904 6,015 6,127 6,238 6,349 6,460 6,570 6,680 6,790 6,844 6,953
Peru 26,004 27,836 28,176 28,508 28,837 29,165 29,496 29,832 30,171 30,514 30,685 31,026
Philippines 77,689 85,496 87,099 88,718 90,348 91,983 93,617 95,248 96,875 98,499 99,309 100,926
Poland 38,433 38,198 38,163 38,132 38,104 38,074 38,038 37,996 37,947 37,894 37,867 37,814
Portugal 10,226 10,547 10,598 10,641 10,677 10,707 10,732 10,753 10,767 10,778 10,781 10,786
Puerto Rico 3,819 3,913 3,930 3,948 3,965 3,982 3,998 4,014 4,030 4,045 4,053 4,067
Qatar 617 885 1,001 1,138 1,281 1,409 1,508 1,572 1,604 1,615 1,618 1,625
Reunion 724 784 795 806 817 827 837 847 857 867 872 881
Romania 22,138 21,635 21,541 21,450 21,361 21,275 21,190 21,108 21,027 20,947 20,907 20,827

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 25

 October 2015

Table 2-2: Population by country (thousands), continued

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Russia 146,670 143,170 142,530 141,941 141,394 140,874 140,367 139,873 139,396 138,927 138,693 138,221
Rwanda 7,958 8,992 9,210 9,455 9,721 9,998 10,277 10,560 10,850 11,145 11,295 11,593
Samoa 177 179 179 179 179 179 179 179 180 180 180 181
San Marino 27 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 32 33 33 33
Sao Tome and Principe 140 153 155 158 160 163 165 168 171 174 175 178
Saudi Arabia 20,808 23,613 24,153 24,680 25,201 25,721 26,246 26,778 27,314 27,853 28,123 28,663
Senegal 9,902 11,281 11,583 11,893 12,211 12,534 12,861 13,190 13,522 13,856 14,023 14,358
Serbia 10,134 9,856 9,835 9,832 9,839 9,850 9,856 9,856 9,852 9,845 9,840 9,832
Seychelles 81 83 85 85 87 87 87 88 89 90 90 91
Sierra Leone 4,228 5,107 5,271 5,420 5,560 5,696 5,836 5,978 6,121 6,265 6,338 6,484
Singapore 4,018 4,267 4,364 4,485 4,615 4,737 4,837 4,910 4,962 4,998 5,013 5,043
Slovakia 5,379 5,386 5,389 5,394 5,400 5,406 5,412 5,417 5,423 5,428 5,431 5,435
Slovenia 1,985 2,001 2,005 2,010 2,015 2,020 2,025 2,029 2,034 2,038 2,039 2,043
Solomon Islands 416 474 486 498 511 523 536 548 561 573 580 592
Somalia 7,394 8,354 8,544 8,733 8,926 9,133 9,359 9,605 9,871 10,151 10,295 10,586
South Africa 44,872 48,073 48,639 49,173 49,668 50,110 50,492 50,812 51,073 51,293 51,392 51,588
Spain 40,264 43,060 43,579 44,051 44,486 44,904 45,317 45,725 46,120 46,500 46,681 47,032
Sri Lanka 18,767 19,531 19,704 19,882 20,061 20,238 20,410 20,576 20,735 20,886 20,958 21,098
St. Kitts and Nevis 44 48 48 49 49 49 49 50 51 52 53 54
St. Lucia 157 165 167 169 170 172 174 176 177 179 180 182
St. Vincent and the
108 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109
Grenadines
Sudan 34,904 38,698 39,545 40,432 41,348 42,272 43,192 44,104 45,009 45,912 46,365 47,274
Suriname 467 500 505 510 515 520 524 529 534 538 540 545
Swaziland 1,080 1,124 1,137 1,151 1,168 1,185 1,202 1,219 1,235 1,252 1,261 1,278
Sweden 8,860 9,066 9,113 9,159 9,205 9,249 9,293 9,335 9,376 9,417 9,437 9,477
Switzerland 7,184 7,441 7,480 7,513 7,541 7,568 7,595 7,622 7,651 7,679 7,693 7,722
Syria 16,511 19,121 19,789 20,504 21,227 21,906 22,505 23,008 23,428 23,791 23,963 24,315
Taiwan 22,277 22,770 22,877 22,958 23,037 23,037 23,037 23,038 23,039 23,040 23,041 23,042
Tajikistan 6,173 6,536 6,627 6,727 6,836 6,952 7,075 7,204 7,339 7,479 7,549 7,691
Tanzania 34,131 39,007 40,117 41,276 42,484 43,739 45,040 46,386 47,775 49,198 49,922 51,378
Thailand 62,347 65,946 66,507 66,979 67,386 67,764 68,139 68,516 68,887 69,250 69,426 69,770
Timor-Leste 815 992 1,029 1,064 1,098 1,134 1,171 1,211 1,253 1,296 1,318 1,363
Togo 5,247 5,992 6,145 6,300 6,459 6,619 6,780 6,943 7,107 7,273 7,356 7,523
Tonga 99 102 102 103 104 104 104 104 104 104 105 105
Trinidad and Tobago 1,295 1,318 1,323 1,328 1,333 1,339 1,344 1,349 1,354 1,359 1,361 1,365
Tunisia 9,452 9,878 9,971 10,069 10,169 10,272 10,374 10,476 10,579 10,681 10,732 10,834
Turkey 66,460 71,169 72,088 73,004 73,914 74,816 75,705 76,582 77,447 78,300 78,720 79,553
Turkmenistan 4,502 4,843 4,911 4,977 5,044 5,110 5,177 5,243 5,311 5,377 5,411 5,476
Uganda 24,433 28,699 29,652 30,638 31,657 32,710 33,796 34,916 36,068 37,252 37,859 39,088
Ukraine 48,870 46,936 46,603 46,289 45,992 45,708 45,433 45,167 44,909 44,657 44,533 44,287
United Arab Emirates 3,238 4,089 4,233 4,364 4,485 4,599 4,707 4,811 4,911 5,006 5,053 5,147
United Kingdom 58,907 60,261 60,575 60,899 61,231 61,565 61,899 62,231 62,559 62,884 63,046 63,368
United States 287,842 302,741 305,697 308,674 311,666 314,659 317,641 320,613 323,577 326,525 327,985 330,890
Uruguay 3,321 3,325 3,330 3,339 3,349 3,361 3,372 3,383 3,394 3,406 3,412 3,424
Uzbekistan 24,776 26,320 26,611 26,900 27,191 27,488 27,794 28,111 28,437 28,771 28,942 29,284
Vanuatu 190 216 222 228 234 240 246 252 258 264 267 273
Venezuela 24,408 26,726 27,191 27,656 28,121 28,583 29,044 29,501 29,955 30,405 30,628 31,071
Vietnam 78,663 84,074 85,101 86,108 87,096 88,069 89,029 89,976 90,910 91,832 92,288 93,195
Virgin Islands (U.S.) 109 110 110 110 110 110 109 109 109 109 108 108
West Bank and Gaza 3,149 3,762 3,889 4,017 4,147 4,277 4,409 4,543 4,678 4,814 4,882 5,021
Yemen 18,182 21,024 21,638 22,269 22,917 23,580 24,256 24,944 25,644 26,357 26,719 27,450
Zambia 10,467 11,738 12,019 12,314 12,620 12,935 13,257 13,585 13,921 14,264 14,440 14,799
Zimbabwe 12,455 12,475 12,459 12,449 12,463 12,523 12,644 12,834 13,087 13,386 13,546 13,868
Source: United Nations Population Division; World Population Prospects, 2008 Revision.

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Table 2-3: Number of adults by country (thousands)

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Afghanistan 8,714 10,408 10,805 11,217 11,644 12,088 12,549 13,026 13,519 14,026 14,285 14,810
Albania 1,845 1,974 2,006 2,038 2,070 2,103 2,136 2,170 2,204 2,237 2,253 2,285
Algeria 16,389 19,377 19,977 20,570 21,155 21,735 22,308 22,877 23,438 23,982 24,240 24,736
American Samoa 31 36 37 38 39 39 39 40 41 42 43 44
Andorra 51 61 62 64 66 67 67 68 69 70 71 72
Angola 6,032 7,115 7,354 7,598 7,850 8,111 8,385 8,670 8,968 9,273 9,429 9,740
Antigua and Barbuda 51 57 58 59 60 60 60 61 62 63 64 65
Argentina 23,498 25,260 25,621 25,990 26,364 26,743 27,122 27,502 27,884 28,265 28,455 28,832
Armenia 1,982 2,073 2,099 2,125 2,151 2,177 2,201 2,224 2,244 2,263 2,270 2,283
Aruba 64 73 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 82 83
Australia 13,879 14,972 15,184 15,391 15,594 15,797 16,001 16,206 16,412 16,617 16,719 16,919
Austria 6,160 6,423 6,474 6,521 6,565 6,607 6,648 6,687 6,725 6,761 6,778 6,809
Azerbaijan 4,787 5,277 5,397 5,524 5,655 5,786 5,915 6,040 6,161 6,276 6,329 6,430
Bahamas 186 208 212 216 220 224 228 233 237 242 244 249
Bahrain 415 467 478 489 500 513 526 540 556 571 579 595
Bangladesh 72,624 84,665 87,126 89,588 92,047 94,497 96,933 99,352 101,751 104,135 105,324 107,702
Barbados 179 187 188 190 192 194 195 197 198 200 200 202
Belarus 7,357 7,475 7,501 7,527 7,549 7,565 7,573 7,572 7,561 7,543 7,531 7,504
Belgium 7,803 8,015 8,065 8,116 8,168 8,218 8,266 8,309 8,350 8,387 8,405 8,440
Belize 121 145 150 155 160 165 170 176 182 188 190 196
Benin 2,984 3,599 3,732 3,867 4,004 4,144 4,286 4,432 4,581 4,733 4,811 4,970
Bermuda 44 46 46 46 47 47 47 48 49 50 50 51
Bhutan 271 352 367 381 393 406 419 433 447 461 467 480
Bolivia 4,172 4,727 4,847 4,971 5,098 5,229 5,365 5,506 5,652 5,800 5,876 6,026
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,674 2,858 2,885 2,909 2,931 2,949 2,963 2,973 2,980 2,985 2,987 2,990
Botswana 859 975 1,000 1,028 1,056 1,083 1,110 1,135 1,159 1,181 1,192 1,214
Brazil 104,462 117,428 119,905 122,317 124,660 126,935 129,146 131,285 133,355 135,385 136,399 138,439
Brunei 200 231 238 244 251 257 264 271 278 286 289 296
Bulgaria 6,206 6,164 6,154 6,141 6,126 6,108 6,085 6,058 6,026 5,991 5,971 5,930
Burkina Faso 4,909 5,942 6,152 6,359 6,566 6,779 7,001 7,232 7,472 7,721 7,850 8,110
Burundi 2,715 3,388 3,570 3,762 3,956 4,143 4,315 4,468 4,605 4,729 4,789 4,909
Cambodia 5,826 7,022 7,277 7,529 7,782 8,040 8,308 8,585 8,867 9,151 9,290 9,563
Cameroon 7,277 8,392 8,630 8,872 9,120 9,374 9,634 9,903 10,178 10,459 10,599 10,881
Canada 22,764 24,455 24,792 25,122 25,451 25,783 26,123 26,470 26,822 27,173 27,343 27,677
Cape Verde 196 230 238 246 254 262 270 278 286 295 299 307
Cayman Islands 27 30 36 37 38 38 38 39 40 41 41 42
Central African Republic 1,778 1,955 1,999 2,047 2,098 2,151 2,205 2,259 2,314 2,370 2,399 2,457
Chad 3,639 4,340 4,477 4,612 4,746 4,883 5,025 5,172 5,326 5,485 5,567 5,735
Channel Islands 113 115 116 117 117 118 118 119 120 120 120 121
Chile 9,816 10,780 10,986 11,195 11,407 11,619 11,832 12,044 12,255 12,461 12,561 12,754
China 822,228 883,508 898,543 914,596 931,039 946,999 961,832 975,239 987,030 998,205 1,003,406 1,013,536
Colombia 22,720 25,622 26,214 26,809 27,407 28,010 28,618 29,231 29,847 30,464 30,771 31,382
Comoros 263 313 323 332 341 351 360 369 378 388 392 402
Congo, Dem. Rep. 21,052 24,522 25,320 26,148 27,008 27,903 28,835 29,805 30,811 31,854 32,392 33,485
Congo, Rep. 1,405 1,628 1,668 1,706 1,744 1,786 1,835 1,892 1,956 2,024 2,060 2,131
Costa Rica 2,286 2,655 2,731 2,807 2,883 2,958 3,032 3,105 3,176 3,246 3,281 3,349
Cote d'Ivoire 8,245 9,246 9,474 9,718 9,979 10,256 10,545 10,849 11,169 11,501 11,672 12,019
Croatia 3,431 3,460 3,468 3,475 3,482 3,487 3,492 3,495 3,497 3,498 3,498 3,497
Cuba 7,999 8,183 8,239 8,304 8,373 8,441 8,505 8,563 8,615 8,663 8,685 8,727
Cyprus 546 606 617 629 639 650 661 672 683 694 699 709
Czech Republic 7,848 8,032 8,086 8,150 8,218 8,281 8,335 8,379 8,413 8,437 8,446 8,459
Denmark 4,069 4,091 4,097 4,105 4,114 4,125 4,139 4,154 4,171 4,190 4,199 4,218
Djibouti 349 404 415 428 440 453 467 480 494 508 514 528
Dominica 42 45 45 46 47 47 47 48 49 50 50 51

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Table 2-3: Number of adults by country (thousands), continued

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Dominican Republic 4,837 5,426 5,547 5,669 5,792 5,916 6,041 6,166 6,293 6,419 6,481 6,605
Ecuador 6,774 7,479 7,620 7,763 7,909 8,059 8,216 8,379 8,548 8,723 8,812 8,990
Egypt 36,319 42,307 43,676 45,098 46,532 47,928 49,246 50,473 51,619 52,710 53,248 54,333
El Salvador 3,142 3,307 3,347 3,389 3,436 3,488 3,544 3,604 3,670 3,738 3,774 3,846
Equatorial Guinea 251 286 295 305 315 325 336 346 355 365 370 380
Eritrea 1,583 2,093 2,185 2,270 2,350 2,431 2,514 2,601 2,691 2,781 2,826 2,915
Estonia 1,019 1,034 1,040 1,045 1,050 1,054 1,057 1,058 1,057 1,055 1,053 1,049
Ethiopia 28,775 33,105 34,111 35,168 36,282 37,455 38,689 39,985 41,342 42,750 43,474 44,938
Faeroe Islands 35 38 38 38 38 38 38 39 40 41 42 43
Fiji 441 474 480 486 492 498 504 510 516 523 526 533
Finland 3,902 4,013 4,036 4,059 4,081 4,104 4,126 4,150 4,173 4,195 4,205 4,225
France 44,066 45,862 46,204 46,528 46,833 47,122 47,397 47,655 47,896 48,124 48,234 48,450
French Guiana 91 111 115 119 123 127 131 135 140 144 147 152
French Polynesia 138 158 162 167 171 175 179 183 186 189 190 193
Gabon 599 692 712 732 753 774 796 820 844 869 881 906
Gambia 616 722 743 764 786 808 832 856 882 908 922 950
Georgia 3,328 3,249 3,234 3,219 3,205 3,193 3,183 3,177 3,174 3,172 3,170 3,164
Germany 64,614 65,769 66,016 66,258 66,485 66,683 66,842 66,958 67,031 67,068 67,074 67,079
Ghana 9,345 10,841 11,153 11,468 11,788 12,115 12,449 12,792 13,144 13,501 13,682 14,046
Greece 8,535 8,868 8,913 8,951 8,984 9,012 9,039 9,063 9,085 9,105 9,114 9,131
Greenland 40 41 41 41 41 41 41 42 43 44 45 46
Grenada 54 59 60 61 62 63 65 66 66 67 68 68
Guadeloupe 293 315 319 322 325 328 331 334 337 339 340 343
Guam 95 105 107 109 111 112 115 117 119 121 122 124
Guatemala 5,024 5,846 6,026 6,211 6,403 6,604 6,818 7,043 7,281 7,528 7,655 7,912
Guinea 3,802 4,235 4,336 4,444 4,560 4,685 4,822 4,971 5,132 5,301 5,389 5,567
Guinea-Bissau 632 703 718 732 747 762 779 797 816 836 846 867
Guyana 442 462 464 465 466 467 468 470 472 474 476 479
Haiti 4,146 4,763 4,893 5,023 5,153 5,284 5,416 5,548 5,680 5,813 5,880 6,015
Honduras 2,886 3,370 3,478 3,590 3,706 3,827 3,952 4,082 4,216 4,353 4,423 4,562
Hong Kong 5,089 5,468 5,531 5,591 5,651 5,716 5,788 5,870 5,959 6,052 6,098 6,186
Hungary 7,828 7,879 7,885 7,891 7,896 7,902 7,906 7,910 7,913 7,915 7,914 7,910
Iceland 194 209 214 220 226 233 239 244 249 253 255 259
India 571,138 642,509 657,415 672,500 687,785 703,301 719,062 735,072 751,287 767,612 775,767 792,023
Indonesia 121,872 136,246 139,069 141,862 144,622 147,346 150,034 152,683 155,294 157,869 159,141 161,671
Iran 36,442 42,851 44,264 45,726 47,196 48,612 49,931 51,143 52,257 53,270 53,727 54,597
Iraq 11,408 13,429 13,778 14,109 14,448 14,829 15,278 15,804 16,399 17,047 17,385 18,065
Ireland 2,654 3,032 3,104 3,173 3,238 3,298 3,353 3,403 3,447 3,488 3,508 3,547
Isle of Man 59 62 63 63 63 63 63 64 65 66 67 68
Israel 3,836 4,275 4,361 4,447 4,532 4,618 4,701 4,784 4,865 4,947 4,988 5,071
Italy 45,895 47,451 47,742 48,012 48,258 48,481 48,679 48,852 48,998 49,117 49,163 49,244
Jamaica 1,472 1,573 1,590 1,605 1,621 1,637 1,655 1,675 1,696 1,719 1,730 1,753
Japan 100,670 103,298 103,602 103,829 103,993 104,112 104,202 104,266 104,303 104,315 104,307 104,279
Jordan 2,397 2,886 3,023 3,173 3,327 3,472 3,598 3,701 3,785 3,858 3,894 3,972
Kazakhstan 9,405 9,927 10,069 10,213 10,355 10,492 10,623 10,745 10,857 10,958 11,001 11,080
Kenya 13,799 16,268 16,799 17,342 17,896 18,457 19,023 19,594 20,172 20,757 21,055 21,657
Kiribati 47 55 56 58 59 59 59 60 61 62 63 64
Korea 32,993 35,362 35,759 36,124 36,471 36,819 37,182 37,563 37,955 38,350 38,541 38,912
Korea, North 15,152 16,062 16,228 16,384 16,537 16,694 16,861 17,040 17,228 17,419 17,511 17,690
Kosovo 1,233 1,327 1,344 1,359 1,376 1,376 1,376 1,377 1,378 1,379 1,379 1,380
Kuwait 1,494 1,869 1,930 1,985 2,036 2,086 2,136 2,187 2,239 2,291 2,318 2,370
Kyrgyzstan 2,698 2,998 3,066 3,138 3,211 3,285 3,358 3,429 3,499 3,568 3,601 3,666
Laos 2,498 2,837 2,920 3,009 3,104 3,202 3,303 3,406 3,511 3,618 3,673 3,785
Latvia 1,776 1,771 1,776 1,782 1,789 1,794 1,797 1,796 1,793 1,787 1,783 1,775

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Table 2-3: Number of adults by country (thousands), continued

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Lebanon 2,263 2,579 2,632 2,680 2,724 2,768 2,812 2,858 2,905 2,953 2,976 3,024
Lesotho 862 946 963 980 997 1,014 1,030 1,047 1,063 1,079 1,087 1,104
Liberia 1,274 1,529 1,598 1,677 1,761 1,844 1,921 1,991 2,056 2,118 2,149 2,213
Libya 2,929 3,540 3,649 3,752 3,848 3,940 4,031 4,119 4,206 4,291 4,334 4,420
Liechtenstein 25 27 27 28 28 28 28 29 30 31 31 32
Lithuania 2,541 2,570 2,571 2,568 2,563 2,557 2,551 2,547 2,542 2,537 2,534 2,527
Luxembourg 331 351 355 360 365 370 375 380 385 390 393 398
Macao 307 366 381 398 414 429 441 451 459 465 467 472
Macedonia 1,396 1,471 1,484 1,497 1,509 1,520 1,531 1,542 1,552 1,561 1,566 1,574
Madagascar 6,885 7,956 8,207 8,475 8,757 9,053 9,362 9,682 10,014 10,359 10,537 10,900
Malawi 5,164 5,866 6,019 6,178 6,348 6,530 6,727 6,942 7,172 7,417 7,547 7,812
Malaysia 13,118 15,082 15,485 15,893 16,303 16,716 17,131 17,548 17,965 18,382 18,589 19,000
Maldives 129 158 164 171 177 184 191 197 204 210 213 219
Mali 4,546 5,209 5,352 5,497 5,644 5,796 5,954 6,118 6,288 6,464 6,553 6,735
Malta 282 304 308 311 315 318 321 324 327 330 331 333
Marshall Islands 29 33 34 35 37 37 37 38 39 40 40 41
Martinique 269 282 285 288 290 293 296 298 301 303 304 307
Mauritania 1,219 1,450 1,498 1,546 1,594 1,641 1,689 1,736 1,784 1,832 1,856 1,905
Mauritius 782 846 857 867 878 888 899 911 923 935 941 953
Mayotte 66 82 85 89 92 96 100 105 109 113 116 120
Mexico 56,431 62,929 64,184 65,437 66,698 67,980 69,288 70,630 71,999 73,380 74,065 75,422
Micronesia 51 54 55 55 56 57 57 58 59 60 60 61
Moldova 2,759 2,663 2,661 2,665 2,674 2,683 2,690 2,693 2,694 2,692 2,689 2,683
Monaco 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 27 28 29 29 30
Mongolia 1,288 1,499 1,546 1,595 1,643 1,690 1,735 1,777 1,817 1,855 1,872 1,907
Montenegro 464 448 449 451 456 460 463 465 467 467 468 469
Morocco 15,816 17,967 18,405 18,841 19,274 19,702 20,125 20,543 20,953 21,355 21,552 21,941
Mozambique 8,353 9,471 9,700 9,932 10,168 10,410 10,657 10,911 11,172 11,441 11,580 11,865
Myanmar 27,561 30,048 30,537 31,033 31,536 32,048 32,568 33,098 33,638 34,180 34,447 34,973
Namibia 877 998 1,027 1,057 1,089 1,121 1,154 1,188 1,222 1,256 1,273 1,307
Nepal 11,813 13,672 14,079 14,498 14,929 15,373 15,829 16,299 16,780 17,273 17,525 18,035
Netherlands 12,032 12,330 12,399 12,472 12,547 12,623 12,698 12,771 12,844 12,914 12,948 13,016
Netherlands Antilles 123 131 134 137 140 144 147 149 151 153 154 156
New Caledonia 132 149 153 157 161 164 168 172 175 179 181 184
New Zealand 2,715 2,920 2,960 2,999 3,037 3,075 3,114 3,154 3,194 3,234 3,254 3,292
Nicaragua 2,409 2,771 2,843 2,916 2,989 3,066 3,148 3,236 3,329 3,424 3,472 3,566
Niger 4,557 5,348 5,525 5,710 5,905 6,108 6,320 6,541 6,772 7,014 7,141 7,401
Nigeria 56,351 64,920 66,732 68,576 70,453 72,368 74,325 76,325 78,370 80,462 81,533 83,703
Northern Mariana Islands 38 46 48 49 50 50 50 51 52 53 54 55
Norway 3,320 3,428 3,461 3,497 3,536 3,576 3,616 3,656 3,695 3,733 3,751 3,788
Oman 1,268 1,454 1,502 1,554 1,608 1,664 1,718 1,770 1,821 1,872 1,897 1,948
Pakistan 70,925 82,748 85,458 88,294 91,227 94,215 97,227 100,255 103,302 106,365 107,904 110,991
Palau 10 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 14 15 15 16
Panama 1,732 1,951 1,996 2,043 2,090 2,137 2,184 2,230 2,276 2,322 2,345 2,392
Papua New Guinea 2,605 2,998 3,084 3,171 3,261 3,354 3,449 3,547 3,648 3,752 3,805 3,916
Paraguay 2,715 3,146 3,238 3,332 3,426 3,522 3,618 3,715 3,812 3,910 3,959 4,057
Peru 14,465 16,112 16,438 16,765 17,096 17,433 17,778 18,133 18,496 18,865 19,051 19,423
Philippines 40,094 45,969 47,229 48,517 49,830 51,169 52,530 53,913 55,315 56,730 57,441 58,863
Poland 27,677 29,049 29,280 29,487 29,670 29,830 29,970 30,087 30,182 30,255 30,282 30,326
Portugal 7,885 8,306 8,369 8,422 8,467 8,506 8,540 8,569 8,593 8,614 8,623 8,640
Puerto Rico 2,596 2,764 2,794 2,823 2,851 2,877 2,904 2,930 2,956 2,982 2,994 3,018
Qatar 414 665 762 874 990 1,094 1,176 1,231 1,263 1,278 1,282 1,290
Reunion 454 504 513 523 532 541 551 560 569 578 583 591
Romania 16,420 16,534 16,583 16,645 16,709 16,758 16,782 16,775 16,743 16,692 16,664 16,609

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Table 2-3: Number of adults by country (thousands), continued

Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Russia 107,830 109,399 109,832 110,308 110,755 111,075 111,199 111,103 110,813 110,365 110,091 109,516
Rwanda 3,295 3,995 4,156 4,333 4,517 4,697 4,865 5,021 5,166 5,306 5,375 5,517
Samoa 87 85 85 86 86 87 88 89 90 92 92 94
San Marino 21 23 24 24 24 24 26 28 30 32 33 35
Sao Tome and Principe 62 72 74 75 77 78 80 82 84 86 87 90
Saudi Arabia 10,913 13,171 13,602 14,023 14,439 14,862 15,298 15,752 16,218 16,694 16,933 17,409
Senegal 4,278 4,997 5,155 5,317 5,485 5,659 5,839 6,027 6,222 6,423 6,526 6,735
Serbia 7,343 7,322 7,341 7,372 7,408 7,445 7,475 7,498 7,515 7,527 7,531 7,537
Seychelles 45 48 49 50 51 51 51 52 53 54 55 56
Sierra Leone 1,991 2,386 2,459 2,526 2,587 2,647 2,708 2,770 2,833 2,897 2,930 2,999
Singapore 2,891 3,150 3,244 3,358 3,481 3,603 3,711 3,805 3,885 3,955 3,988 4,051
Slovakia 3,870 4,067 4,103 4,138 4,171 4,202 4,230 4,257 4,281 4,303 4,312 4,328
Slovenia 1,529 1,591 1,602 1,613 1,623 1,632 1,640 1,646 1,651 1,655 1,656 1,659
Solomon Islands 195 231 239 247 254 263 271 280 289 298 303 312
Somalia 3,411 3,778 3,856 3,938 4,026 4,119 4,221 4,330 4,448 4,574 4,640 4,775
South Africa 25,015 27,818 28,350 28,868 29,360 29,806 30,197 30,525 30,800 31,034 31,142 31,357
Spain 31,695 34,481 34,938 35,340 35,697 36,027 36,344 36,648 36,936 37,206 37,332 37,573
Sri Lanka 11,933 12,938 13,141 13,340 13,535 13,719 13,891 14,049 14,194 14,326 14,386 14,501
St. Kitts and Nevis 26 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 33 34 35 36
St. Lucia 90 101 103 105 107 110 112 114 116 119 120 122
St. Vincent and the
63 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72
Grenadines
Sudan 16,445 18,807 19,355 19,933 20,538 21,163 21,804 22,458 23,127 23,811 24,162 24,874
Suriname 278 304 309 315 320 326 331 335 340 344 346 351
Swaziland 468 506 518 531 547 563 579 595 612 628 637 653
Sweden 6,720 6,897 6,941 6,987 7,034 7,084 7,136 7,190 7,245 7,299 7,324 7,369
Switzerland 5,523 5,803 5,849 5,887 5,920 5,953 5,987 6,024 6,062 6,101 6,120 6,156
Syria 7,700 9,803 10,335 10,901 11,468 11,993 12,445 12,812 13,106 13,352 13,469 13,710
Taiwan 16,880 17,682 17,831 17,954 18,071 18,125 18,180 18,239 18,298 18,359 18,389 18,449
Tajikistan 2,875 3,128 3,212 3,311 3,420 3,536 3,654 3,775 3,898 4,022 4,083 4,207
Tanzania 15,131 17,366 17,874 18,406 18,962 19,538 20,133 20,747 21,383 22,038 22,374 23,057
Thailand 41,346 45,471 46,127 46,700 47,211 47,697 48,182 48,674 49,163 49,642 49,871 50,314
Timor-Leste 329 425 445 463 480 498 516 537 559 581 593 616
Togo 2,408 2,855 2,951 3,051 3,153 3,257 3,364 3,471 3,581 3,693 3,750 3,866
Tonga 49 53 54 54 54 54 54 54 54 54 55 55
Trinidad and Tobago 808 892 908 923 938 951 963 973 981 987 990 996
Tunisia 5,587 6,293 6,444 6,597 6,751 6,903 7,049 7,189 7,324 7,452 7,512 7,629
Turkey 39,223 44,361 45,310 46,225 47,118 48,009 48,912 49,828 50,754 51,687 52,153 53,083
Turkmenistan 2,387 2,717 2,791 2,869 2,948 3,029 3,110 3,191 3,272 3,352 3,390 3,462
Uganda 9,677 11,352 11,744 12,156 12,589 13,044 13,524 14,028 14,556 15,107 15,394 15,979
Ukraine 36,511 36,441 36,444 36,444 36,432 36,396 36,327 36,223 36,084 35,912 35,812 35,600
United Arab Emirates 2,236 3,036 3,168 3,285 3,389 3,483 3,568 3,645 3,713 3,777 3,810 3,877
United Kingdom 44,072 45,464 45,794 46,136 46,485 46,837 47,188 47,538 47,883 48,220 48,381 48,696
United States 205,439 217,973 220,521 223,089 225,685 228,321 231,001 233,731 236,502 239,279 240,648 243,349
Uruguay 2,251 2,278 2,287 2,300 2,314 2,330 2,347 2,364 2,382 2,400 2,410 2,428
Uzbekistan 12,817 14,564 14,959 15,369 15,790 16,221 16,658 17,102 17,549 17,992 18,208 18,631
Vanuatu 90 106 109 113 117 121 125 129 134 138 140 145
Venezuela 13,689 15,650 16,065 16,486 16,911 17,335 17,756 18,172 18,584 18,991 19,194 19,597
Vietnam 44,071 50,579 51,969 53,386 54,818 56,249 57,663 59,058 60,431 61,765 62,403 63,645
Virgin Islands (U.S.) 72 76 77 77 77 77 78 78 78 79 79 79
West Bank and Gaza 1,361 1,629 1,692 1,759 1,829 1,901 1,974 2,049 2,125 2,204 2,245 2,331
Yemen 7,330 8,905 9,265 9,640 10,029 10,433 10,852 11,285 11,732 12,192 12,427 12,903
Zambia 4,605 5,052 5,161 5,282 5,413 5,550 5,692 5,839 5,991 6,151 6,236 6,414
Zimbabwe 5,607 5,703 5,719 5,742 5,785 5,866 5,997 6,184 6,420 6,690 6,831 7,111
Source: United Nations Population Division; World Population Prospects, 2008 Revision.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 30

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2000)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 1,845 0.0 6 0.0 3,104 600 2,542 37 1,264 Regression
Algeria 16,389 0.4 98 0.1 5,984 1,369 4,665 51 2,914 Regression
Angola 6,032 0.2 13 0.0 2,235 862 1,391 18 833 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 51 0.0 1 0.0 21,622 5,375 19,392 3,144 5,708 Regression
Argentina 23,498 0.6 584 0.5 24,874 9,482 16,093 701 7,214 Regression
Armenia 1,982 0.1 4 0.0 1,916 224 1,738 46 980 Regression
Australia 13,879 0.4 1,432 1.2 103,151 45,462 76,765 19,077 47,810 HBS
Austria 6,160 0.2 563 0.5 91,321 45,750 60,348 14,777 31,880 Regression
Azerbaijan 4,787 0.1 14 0.0 3,011 733 2,296 18 1,742 Regression
Bahamas 186 0.0 7 0.0 36,586 14,722 26,828 4,964 6,990 Regression
Bahrain 415 0.0 15 0.0 36,632 20,491 21,279 5,137 16,404 Regression
Bangladesh 72,624 2.0 78 0.1 1,069 441 652 24 495 Regression
Barbados 179 0.0 3 0.0 17,220 8,269 10,704 1,753 4,291 Regression
Belarus 7,357 0.2 16 0.0 2,239 599 1,680 40 1,275 Regression
Belgium 7,803 0.2 1,153 1.0 147,824 94,905 65,193 12,274 85,575 Regression
Belize 121 0.0 1 0.0 8,708 2,214 7,107 612 2,734 Regression
Benin 2,984 0.1 4 0.0 1,195 566 656 28 520 Regression
Bolivia 4,172 0.1 9 0.0 2,091 563 1,899 371 774 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,674 0.1 10 0.0 3,918 852 3,274 208 2,020 Regression
Botswana 859 0.0 4 0.0 4,300 2,938 1,491 129 913 Regression
Brazil 104,462 2.8 839 0.7 8,028 4,730 5,369 2,071 1,767 Regression
Brunei 200 0.0 5 0.0 24,087 7,709 19,798 3,420 12,460 Regression
Bulgaria 6,206 0.2 25 0.0 3,963 1,053 2,999 89 2,132 Regression
Burkina Faso 4,909 0.1 2 0.0 489 314 189 14 192 Regression
Burundi 2,715 0.1 0 0.0 179 130 58 9 87 Regression
Cambodia 5,826 0.2 6 0.0 986 409 586 9 466 Regression
Cameroon 7,277 0.2 12 0.0 1,679 1,031 688 40 728 Regression
Canada 22,764 0.6 2,469 2.1 108,464 80,481 49,075 21,093 39,072 HBS
Cape Verde 196 0.0 2 0.0 9,624 3,496 6,598 470 3,879 Regression
Central African Republic 1,778 0.0 1 0.0 570 393 186 8 213 Regression
Chad 3,639 0.1 1 0.0 401 245 160 4 162 Regression
Chile 9,816 0.3 170 0.1 17,290 8,503 10,608 1,821 4,922 Regression
China 822,228 22.3 4,664 4.0 5,672 2,620 3,244 191 2,804 Survey data
Colombia 22,720 0.6 150 0.1 6,610 1,110 6,116 616 1,654 Regression
Comoros 263 0.0 0 0.0 1,445 651 826 31 320 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 21,052 0.6 3 0.0 164 105 60 1 65 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,405 0.0 1 0.0 1,066 440 643 17 453 Regression
Costa Rica 2,286 0.1 24 0.0 10,713 3,317 7,701 305 2,747 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 8,245 0.2 17 0.0 2,073 1,327 799 54 830 Regression
Croatia 3,431 0.1 30 0.0 8,623 3,760 5,686 823 4,618 Regression
Cyprus 546 0.0 47 0.0 86,007 76,511 39,674 30,178 125 Regression
Czech Republic 7,848 0.2 92 0.1 11,775 5,446 7,818 1,489 3,651 HBS
Denmark 4,069 0.1 427 0.4 104,865 72,663 73,208 41,006 20,585 HBS
Djibouti 349 0.0 1 0.0 2,708 1,536 1,340 168 1,258 Regression
Dominica 42 0.0 0 0.0 8,549 2,378 6,803 631 2,710 Regression
Ecuador 6,774 0.2 24 0.0 3,592 506 3,330 245 1,250 Regression
Egypt 36,319 1.0 260 0.2 7,170 2,721 4,848 399 2,561 Regression
El Salvador 3,142 0.1 20 0.0 6,373 1,452 5,912 992 2,344 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2000), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 251 0.0 0 0.0 1,160 560 623 22 427 Regression
Eritrea 1,583 0.0 1 0.0 406 203 221 18 158 Regression
Estonia 1,019 0.0 7 0.0 7,337 3,254 4,718 635 2,725 Regression
Ethiopia 28,775 0.8 5 0.0 189 105 93 8 98 Regression
Fiji 441 0.0 2 0.0 4,492 1,716 3,066 290 1,570 Regression
Finland 3,902 0.1 306 0.3 78,532 31,605 56,883 9,957 31,391 Regression
France 44,066 1.2 4,566 3.9 103,619 53,148 64,917 14,446 47,725 HBS
Gabon 599 0.0 6 0.0 9,616 3,864 5,943 192 4,019 Regression
Gambia 616 0.0 0 0.0 793 427 386 20 277 Regression
Georgia 3,328 0.1 14 0.0 4,277 868 3,439 29 1,927 Regression
Germany 64,614 1.7 5,800 4.9 89,770 50,627 60,947 21,804 26,986 HBS
Ghana 9,345 0.3 10 0.0 1,098 671 445 18 465 Regression
Greece 8,535 0.2 493 0.4 57,716 25,568 35,110 2,962 28,521 Regression
Grenada 54 0.0 0 0.0 5,833 1,943 4,610 720 2,202 Regression
Guinea 3,802 0.1 3 0.0 910 502 417 9 430 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 632 0.0 0 0.0 320 224 104 8 129 Regression
Guyana 442 0.0 0 0.0 1,092 232 1,061 201 480 Regression
Haiti 4,146 0.1 24 0.0 5,760 447 5,451 138 1,903 Regression
Hong Kong 5,089 0.1 599 0.5 117,699 84,254 68,502 35,058 38,664 Regression
Hungary 7,828 0.2 93 0.1 11,892 4,376 8,030 513 6,720 HBS
Iceland 194 0.0 45 0.0 233,120 104,326 159,284 30,490 77,805 Regression
India 571,138 15.5 1,163 1.0 2,036 260 1,833 58 579 Survey data
Indonesia 121,872 3.3 305 0.3 2,502 197 2,354 49 524 Survey data
Iran 36,442 1.0 104 0.1 2,852 798 2,162 108 1,336 Regression
Ireland 2,654 0.1 243 0.2 91,525 52,345 55,686 16,506 40,687 Regression
Israel 3,836 0.1 355 0.3 92,589 47,391 60,928 15,730 32,316 Regression
Italy 45,895 1.2 5,497 4.7 119,773 60,646 67,650 8,523 62,030 HBS
Jamaica 1,472 0.0 13 0.0 8,694 1,826 7,626 758 2,766 Regression
Japan 100,670 2.7 19,316 16.5 191,877 121,230 106,201 35,554 82,693 HBS
Jordan 2,397 0.1 20 0.0 8,233 2,880 6,237 884 3,685 Regression
Kazakhstan 9,405 0.3 22 0.0 2,368 666 1,764 63 396 Regression
Kenya 13,799 0.4 15 0.0 1,071 706 418 54 388 Regression
Korea 32,993 0.9 1,097 0.9 33,257 18,337 22,238 7,318 14,495 Regression
Kuwait 1,494 0.0 78 0.1 52,307 23,052 35,443 6,187 17,484 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 2,698 0.1 3 0.0 1,225 224 1,005 4 610 Regression
Laos 2,498 0.1 3 0.0 1,237 364 885 12 556 Regression
Latvia 1,776 0.0 9 0.0 5,261 1,656 3,914 309 2,645 Regression
Lebanon 2,263 0.1 47 0.0 20,695 13,276 11,971 4,552 5,942 Regression
Lesotho 862 0.0 1 0.0 972 634 378 40 290 Regression
Liberia 1,274 0.0 1 0.0 570 242 332 5 274 Regression
Libya 2,929 0.1 99 0.1 33,866 7,292 27,413 839 8,708 Regression
Lithuania 2,541 0.1 16 0.0 6,303 1,902 4,496 95 2,324 Regression
Luxembourg 331 0.0 60 0.1 182,217 112,458 99,764 30,005 84,996 Regression
Macedonia 1,396 0.0 7 0.0 5,117 1,047 4,268 199 1,676 Regression
Madagascar 6,885 0.2 5 0.0 682 299 395 12 275 Regression
Malawi 5,164 0.1 2 0.0 362 253 114 6 143 Regression
Malaysia 13,118 0.4 109 0.1 8,342 5,142 5,788 2,589 1,774 Regression
Maldives 129 0.0 0 0.0 1,857 585 1,375 102 780 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2000), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 4,546 0.1 2 0.0 465 335 150 20 224 Regression
Malta 282 0.0 15 0.0 54,069 30,155 32,512 8,599 30,832 Regression
Mauritania 1,219 0.0 2 0.0 1,469 688 834 52 598 Regression
Mauritius 782 0.0 11 0.0 14,574 5,929 9,566 921 6,706 Regression
Mexico 56,431 1.5 987 0.8 17,484 7,072 10,933 521 4,932 Regression
Moldova 2,759 0.1 2 0.0 671 219 469 18 341 Regression
Mongolia 1,288 0.0 4 0.0 2,847 768 2,095 16 1,359 Regression
Montenegro 464 0.0 2 0.0 3,392 840 2,623 72 1,905 Regression
Morocco 15,816 0.4 97 0.1 6,116 2,573 3,824 280 1,700 Regression
Mozambique 8,353 0.2 4 0.0 438 294 160 16 177 Regression
Myanmar 27,561 0.7 15 0.0 528 6 527 5 227 Regression
Namibia 877 0.0 6 0.0 6,276 2,898 3,809 431 1,550 Regression
Nepal 11,813 0.3 9 0.0 780 316 481 18 303 Regression
Netherlands 12,032 0.3 1,286 1.1 106,872 97,938 37,047 28,113 52,649 HBS
New Zealand 2,715 0.1 289 0.2 106,330 63,615 59,650 16,936 34,507 HBS
Nicaragua 2,409 0.1 6 0.0 2,342 304 2,226 188 1,003 Regression
Niger 4,557 0.1 2 0.0 345 238 112 5 149 Regression
Nigeria 56,351 1.5 90 0.1 1,591 894 745 48 619 Regression
Norway 3,320 0.1 368 0.3 110,805 42,644 100,035 31,874 40,286 Regression
Oman 1,268 0.0 29 0.0 22,478 8,678 15,777 1,977 8,987 Regression
Pakistan 70,925 1.9 170 0.1 2,399 902 1,539 42 1,144 Regression
Panama 1,732 0.0 15 0.0 8,546 3,423 6,000 877 2,300 Regression
Papua New Guinea 2,605 0.1 4 0.0 1,632 884 770 23 531 Regression
Paraguay 2,715 0.1 12 0.0 4,320 784 3,829 293 1,559 Regression
Peru 14,465 0.4 94 0.1 6,482 1,169 5,778 465 1,646 Regression
Philippines 40,094 1.1 111 0.1 2,768 987 1,970 189 523 Regression
Poland 27,677 0.7 246 0.2 8,871 3,189 6,207 525 2,710 Regression
Portugal 7,885 0.2 379 0.3 48,008 33,643 25,701 11,336 18,162 Regression
Qatar 414 0.0 11 0.0 26,533 10,477 18,096 2,039 11,122 Regression
Romania 16,420 0.4 63 0.1 3,840 766 3,135 60 1,641 Regression
Russia 107,830 2.9 317 0.3 2,935 602 2,414 81 484 Regression
Rwanda 3,295 0.1 1 0.0 392 319 85 12 138 Regression
Samoa 87 0.0 1 0.0 8,937 973 8,199 236 4,124 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 62 0.0 0 0.0 3,085 1,790 1,326 32 1,379 Regression
Saudi Arabia 10,913 0.3 255 0.2 23,388 11,468 14,697 2,777 6,239 Regression
Senegal 4,278 0.1 6 0.0 1,436 837 656 57 594 Regression
Serbia 7,343 0.2 21 0.0 2,826 603 2,397 173 1,528 Regression
Seychelles 45 0.0 2 0.0 34,466 10,665 24,952 1,151 4,353 Regression
Sierra Leone 1,991 0.1 1 0.0 273 209 66 2 128 Regression
Singapore 2,891 0.1 326 0.3 112,757 61,365 79,218 27,825 41,215 HBS
Slovakia 3,870 0.1 37 0.0 9,547 4,210 6,233 896 6,969 Regression
Slovenia 1,529 0.0 51 0.0 33,564 16,282 19,606 2,324 21,736 Regression
Solomon Islands 195 0.0 1 0.0 6,778 2,574 4,355 151 2,849 Regression
South Africa 25,015 0.7 211 0.2 8,434 7,483 2,663 1,713 1,328 HBS
Spain 31,695 0.9 2,045 1.7 64,521 30,790 43,763 10,032 31,717 Regression
Sri Lanka 11,933 0.3 15 0.0 1,247 366 949 68 519 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 26 0.0 0 0.0 11,057 5,883 6,500 1,326 3,542 Regression
St. Lucia 90 0.0 1 0.0 5,631 2,239 4,183 791 1,880 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2000), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
63 0.0 0 0.0 4,705 866 4,898 1,059 1,452 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 16,445 0.4 15 0.0 916 382 541 6 419 Regression
Suriname 278 0.0 1 0.0 4,762 595 4,301 134 779 Regression
Swaziland 468 0.0 2 0.0 3,837 2,682 1,301 146 1,171 Regression
Sweden 6,720 0.2 849 0.7 126,304 54,775 89,549 18,020 21,330 Regression
Switzerland 5,523 0.1 1,284 1.1 232,548 177,638 108,084 53,174 43,700 HBS
Syria 7,700 0.2 26 0.0 3,363 564 2,855 57 1,550 Regression
Taiwan 16,880 0.5 1,804 1.5 106,858 72,377 55,075 20,594 47,781 Regression
Tajikistan 2,875 0.1 2 0.0 666 191 480 6 346 Regression
Tanzania 15,131 0.4 8 0.0 541 319 229 7 240 Regression
Thailand 41,346 1.1 106 0.1 2,570 1,055 2,012 496 541 Regression
Togo 2,408 0.1 2 0.0 1,032 492 566 26 390 Regression
Tonga 49 0.0 0 0.0 4,909 1,365 4,147 603 2,349 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 808 0.0 5 0.0 5,699 2,773 3,473 547 2,141 Regression
Tunisia 5,587 0.2 64 0.1 11,459 4,013 8,036 590 4,826 Regression
Turkey 39,223 1.1 484 0.4 12,342 3,993 8,814 465 3,507 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,387 0.1 22 0.0 9,211 675 8,562 26 3,805 Regression
Uganda 9,677 0.3 3 0.0 332 206 136 9 139 Regression
Ukraine 36,511 1.0 34 0.0 941 275 686 20 160 Regression
United Arab Emirates 2,236 0.1 127 0.1 56,903 21,212 43,210 7,518 23,220 Regression
United Kingdom 44,072 1.2 7,184 6.1 162,999 105,548 82,302 24,851 79,245 HBS
United States 205,439 5.6 42,941 36.6 209,022 162,559 82,370 35,907 34,316 HBS
Uruguay 2,251 0.1 46 0.0 20,432 5,815 15,761 1,143 5,181 Regression
Vanuatu 90 0.0 0 0.0 2,338 605 1,904 170 1,126 Regression
Venezuela 13,689 0.4 135 0.1 9,855 2,688 7,343 176 2,489 Regression
Vietnam 44,071 1.2 76 0.1 1,727 355 1,403 30 769 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,361 0.0 3 0.0 1,998 466 1,582 51 891 Imputation
Yemen 7,330 0.2 12 0.0 1,633 504 1,142 12 789 Regression
Zambia 4,605 0.1 3 0.0 696 561 154 18 193 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,607 0.2 6 0.0 1,088 895 268 75 460 Regression
Africa 381,974 10.3 1,114 1.0 2,916 1,446 1,671 202 455
Asia-Pacific 838,205 22.7 27,741 23.7 33,096 19,688 19,370 5,963 1,262
China 822,228 22.3 4,664 4.0 5,672 2,620 3,244 191 2,804
Europe 550,184 14.9 33,719 28.8 61,287 34,930 36,087 9,730 5,952
India 571,138 15.5 1,163 1.0 2,036 260 1,833 58 579
Latin America 302,800 8.2 3,398 2.9 11,221 4,691 7,661 1,131 2,500
North America 228,288 6.2 45,427 38.8 198,991 154,372 79,049 34,429 34,316
World 3,694,817 100.0 117,225 100.0 31,727 20,363 16,458 5,094 1,742

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 34

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2001)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 1,860 0.0 7 0.0 3,692 706 3,041 55 1,503 Regression
Algeria 16,961 0.5 106 0.1 6,273 1,666 4,672 65 3,053 Regression
Angola 6,224 0.2 19 0.0 3,128 1,826 1,332 30 1,242 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 52 0.0 1 0.0 21,494 5,925 18,897 3,328 5,737 Regression
Argentina 23,872 0.6 561 0.5 23,519 9,698 14,382 561 6,892 Regression
Armenia 1,993 0.1 4 0.0 2,141 358 1,824 40 992 Regression
Australia 14,086 0.4 1,440 1.3 102,264 45,794 75,823 19,354 47,477 HBS
Austria 6,199 0.2 551 0.5 88,845 44,084 59,210 14,450 31,004 Regression
Azerbaijan 4,870 0.1 15 0.0 3,078 819 2,285 26 1,781 Regression
Bahamas 190 0.0 7 0.0 39,302 16,922 27,818 5,438 7,690 Regression
Bahrain 426 0.0 17 0.0 40,911 25,897 20,013 4,999 18,313 Regression
Bangladesh 74,959 2.0 79 0.1 1,051 441 636 25 527 Regression
Barbados 180 0.0 3 0.0 16,578 8,480 9,979 1,882 4,745 Regression
Belarus 7,375 0.2 14 0.0 1,951 425 1,565 39 829 Regression
Belgium 7,838 0.2 1,100 1.0 140,297 88,115 63,581 11,399 81,361 Regression
Belize 126 0.0 1 0.0 9,413 2,731 7,403 720 2,627 Regression
Benin 3,092 0.1 4 0.0 1,143 517 652 26 460 Regression
Bolivia 4,277 0.1 8 0.0 1,984 561 1,740 316 736 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,735 0.1 12 0.0 4,423 926 3,739 242 2,281 Regression
Botswana 883 0.0 3 0.0 3,712 2,625 1,221 134 837 Regression
Brazil 107,032 2.8 861 0.8 8,040 5,273 4,342 1,575 1,887 Regression
Brunei 206 0.0 6 0.0 26,821 11,812 18,435 3,425 13,869 Regression
Bulgaria 6,199 0.2 27 0.0 4,296 1,242 3,169 115 2,311 Regression
Burkina Faso 5,093 0.1 2 0.0 450 270 195 15 177 Regression
Burundi 2,798 0.1 0 0.0 159 115 52 8 78 Regression
Cambodia 6,024 0.2 6 0.0 973 399 583 9 433 Regression
Cameroon 7,490 0.2 12 0.0 1,567 1,006 598 37 631 Regression
Canada 23,085 0.6 2,344 2.1 101,523 73,578 48,718 20,772 37,136 HBS
Cape Verde 202 0.0 2 0.0 10,264 3,460 7,360 556 4,129 Regression
Central African Republic 1,813 0.0 1 0.0 531 361 179 9 198 Regression
Chad 3,771 0.1 1 0.0 389 213 182 5 172 Regression
Chile 9,997 0.3 167 0.1 16,683 9,029 9,311 1,657 6,126 Regression
China 833,435 22.1 4,996 4.4 5,995 2,814 3,383 202 2,917 Regression
Colombia 23,291 0.6 151 0.1 6,479 1,173 5,875 569 1,539 Regression
Comoros 273 0.0 0 0.0 1,306 523 807 25 289 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 21,636 0.6 3 0.0 160 95 66 1 68 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,443 0.0 2 0.0 1,453 845 626 18 617 Regression
Costa Rica 2,358 0.1 26 0.0 10,880 3,590 7,642 351 2,835 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 8,460 0.2 15 0.0 1,764 1,075 742 53 706 Regression
Croatia 3,429 0.1 36 0.0 10,486 5,017 6,621 1,152 5,617 Regression
Cyprus 558 0.0 42 0.0 76,092 66,532 38,924 29,365 826 Regression
Czech Republic 7,892 0.2 100 0.1 12,696 6,116 8,495 1,916 5,266 HBS
Denmark 4,076 0.1 410 0.4 100,690 69,338 73,230 41,879 20,338 HBS
Djibouti 361 0.0 1 0.0 2,598 1,486 1,248 136 1,063 Regression
Dominica 43 0.0 0 0.0 8,773 2,768 6,684 679 2,815 Regression
Ecuador 6,916 0.2 34 0.0 4,887 482 4,759 354 1,590 Regression
Egypt 37,427 1.0 270 0.2 7,214 3,122 4,495 402 2,745 Regression
El Salvador 3,176 0.1 21 0.0 6,565 1,492 6,032 959 2,427 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 35

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2001), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 256 0.0 0 0.0 1,217 701 534 19 447 Regression
Eritrea 1,678 0.0 1 0.0 332 152 196 15 142 Regression
Estonia 1,020 0.0 8 0.0 7,671 3,571 4,897 797 4,041 Regression
Ethiopia 29,563 0.8 6 0.0 198 113 92 8 94 Regression
Fiji 447 0.0 2 0.0 3,963 1,391 2,820 248 1,386 Regression
Finland 3,923 0.1 303 0.3 77,138 29,911 57,333 10,106 30,828 Regression
France 44,378 1.2 4,544 4.0 102,397 49,553 67,357 14,513 33,109 HBS
Gabon 617 0.0 7 0.0 10,641 5,077 5,801 238 3,916 Regression
Gambia 637 0.0 0 0.0 721 396 345 19 252 Regression
Georgia 3,310 0.1 13 0.0 4,028 983 3,068 23 1,642 Regression
Germany 64,790 1.7 5,659 5.0 87,339 49,052 59,177 20,890 26,601 HBS
Ghana 9,634 0.3 8 0.0 844 433 427 16 357 Regression
Greece 8,612 0.2 470 0.4 54,612 23,222 35,043 3,653 24,904 Regression
Grenada 55 0.0 0 0.0 6,738 2,533 5,035 830 2,206 Regression
Guinea 3,884 0.1 3 0.0 860 459 409 9 406 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 646 0.0 0 0.0 325 225 104 4 113 Regression
Guyana 446 0.0 0 0.0 1,076 241 1,048 213 473 Regression
Haiti 4,259 0.1 19 0.0 4,447 395 4,156 104 1,471 Regression
Hong Kong 5,177 0.1 623 0.5 120,376 87,389 66,725 33,738 35,265 Regression
Hungary 7,850 0.2 107 0.1 13,591 5,186 9,131 725 7,683 HBS
Iceland 197 0.0 40 0.0 203,013 98,281 130,377 25,645 94,814 Regression
India 584,953 15.5 1,201 1.1 2,052 273 1,839 59 601 Regression
Indonesia 124,743 3.3 308 0.3 2,472 228 2,292 48 568 Regression
Iran 37,744 1.0 108 0.1 2,861 650 2,338 127 1,340 Regression
Ireland 2,724 0.1 262 0.2 96,285 58,370 57,453 19,537 31,365 Regression
Israel 3,930 0.1 297 0.3 75,664 62,177 28,994 15,507 23,133 HBS
Italy 46,151 1.2 5,353 4.7 115,989 56,663 67,731 8,405 61,178 HBS
Jamaica 1,492 0.0 13 0.0 8,878 2,085 7,237 444 3,138 Regression
Japan 101,302 2.7 16,251 14.3 160,417 103,326 87,079 29,988 78,862 HBS
Jordan 2,476 0.1 21 0.0 8,427 3,039 6,274 886 4,118 Regression
Kazakhstan 9,441 0.3 24 0.0 2,517 653 1,960 96 431 Regression
Kenya 14,269 0.4 14 0.0 964 629 384 48 382 Regression
Korea 33,484 0.9 1,255 1.1 37,471 23,665 20,805 6,999 16,234 Regression
Kuwait 1,578 0.0 100 0.1 63,213 37,249 33,266 7,302 21,160 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 2,758 0.1 4 0.0 1,278 235 1,047 4 587 Regression
Laos 2,560 0.1 3 0.0 1,255 423 844 12 618 Regression
Latvia 1,772 0.0 10 0.0 5,500 1,896 3,961 357 2,766 Regression
Lebanon 2,320 0.1 45 0.0 19,600 12,469 11,502 4,371 5,916 Regression
Lesotho 881 0.0 1 0.0 907 658 287 38 271 Regression
Liberia 1,337 0.0 1 0.0 611 303 312 5 294 Regression
Libya 3,049 0.1 99 0.1 32,345 8,573 24,588 817 7,650 Regression
Lithuania 2,542 0.1 16 0.0 6,355 1,982 4,491 118 2,344 Regression
Luxembourg 335 0.0 56 0.0 167,030 106,437 96,543 35,950 78,453 Regression
Macedonia 1,412 0.0 7 0.0 4,710 1,207 3,672 169 1,543 Regression
Madagascar 7,090 0.2 5 0.0 667 273 405 12 287 Regression
Malawi 5,307 0.1 3 0.0 493 399 99 4 194 Regression
Malaysia 13,512 0.4 134 0.1 9,885 6,709 5,728 2,551 2,297 Regression
Maldives 134 0.0 0 0.0 1,837 633 1,317 113 772 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2001), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 4,658 0.1 2 0.0 408 277 152 22 197 Regression
Malta 286 0.0 15 0.0 52,325 29,874 31,381 8,931 29,883 Regression
Mauritania 1,263 0.0 1 0.0 1,179 524 701 46 532 Regression
Mauritius 796 0.0 11 0.0 14,124 6,139 8,870 885 6,472 Regression
Mexico 57,818 1.5 1,100 1.0 19,030 7,974 11,551 496 5,138 Regression
Moldova 2,739 0.1 2 0.0 728 236 515 23 274 Regression
Mongolia 1,326 0.0 4 0.0 3,041 838 2,227 24 1,325 Regression
Montenegro 464 0.0 2 0.0 3,823 913 2,994 83 1,526 Regression
Morocco 16,229 0.4 88 0.1 5,445 2,186 3,510 251 1,397 Regression
Mozambique 8,575 0.2 4 0.0 454 307 161 15 183 Regression
Myanmar 28,107 0.7 11 0.0 378 7 375 4 176 Regression
Namibia 901 0.0 6 0.0 6,582 3,728 3,320 466 1,749 Regression
Nepal 12,161 0.3 11 0.0 884 361 544 20 355 Regression
Netherlands 12,091 0.3 1,187 1.0 98,140 89,468 38,274 29,602 40,953 HBS
New Zealand 2,751 0.1 281 0.2 102,172 60,156 58,923 16,908 33,370 HBS
Nicaragua 2,479 0.1 6 0.0 2,493 333 2,282 122 990 Regression
Niger 4,714 0.1 1 0.0 316 201 120 5 149 Regression
Nigeria 57,988 1.5 120 0.1 2,067 1,445 674 53 871 Regression
Norway 3,337 0.1 360 0.3 107,820 43,769 98,601 34,550 54,362 Regression
Oman 1,302 0.0 35 0.0 27,243 12,736 16,772 2,265 10,884 Regression
Pakistan 73,158 1.9 171 0.2 2,339 931 1,447 39 1,115 Regression
Panama 1,775 0.0 15 0.0 8,473 3,442 5,963 932 2,119 Regression
Papua New Guinea 2,679 0.1 4 0.0 1,487 811 696 20 524 Regression
Paraguay 2,795 0.1 10 0.0 3,664 629 3,316 280 1,212 Regression
Peru 14,803 0.4 96 0.1 6,505 1,234 5,705 434 1,652 Regression
Philippines 41,218 1.1 110 0.1 2,678 1,051 1,787 159 544 Regression
Poland 27,945 0.7 266 0.2 9,527 3,574 6,845 892 2,295 Regression
Portugal 7,974 0.2 362 0.3 45,352 31,560 25,366 11,575 17,256 Regression
Qatar 444 0.0 11 0.0 24,795 10,586 16,458 2,249 10,371 Regression
Romania 16,456 0.4 67 0.1 4,042 799 3,308 65 1,711 Regression
Russia 108,153 2.9 424 0.4 3,918 1,057 2,990 129 653 Regression
Rwanda 3,478 0.1 1 0.0 333 259 85 10 117 Regression
Samoa 87 0.0 1 0.0 8,843 928 8,168 254 3,611 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 64 0.0 0 0.0 2,988 1,785 1,236 33 1,159 Regression
Saudi Arabia 11,362 0.3 289 0.3 25,430 14,440 13,732 2,742 6,795 Regression
Senegal 4,413 0.1 6 0.0 1,375 772 661 58 569 Regression
Serbia 7,340 0.2 24 0.0 3,215 653 2,728 166 1,739 Regression
Seychelles 45 0.0 2 0.0 39,580 10,880 29,938 1,237 3,969 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,054 0.1 1 0.0 277 195 85 3 119 Regression
Singapore 2,945 0.1 294 0.3 99,895 58,913 67,859 26,878 34,544 HBS
Slovakia 3,911 0.1 38 0.0 9,839 4,223 6,574 958 7,452 Regression
Slovenia 1,543 0.0 41 0.0 26,285 9,507 19,171 2,393 19,150 Regression
Solomon Islands 201 0.0 1 0.0 6,550 2,386 4,343 179 2,753 Regression
South Africa 25,584 0.7 158 0.1 6,160 5,502 1,847 1,189 991 HBS
Spain 32,224 0.9 2,029 1.8 62,968 30,218 43,080 10,331 28,342 Regression
Sri Lanka 12,127 0.3 18 0.0 1,477 527 1,014 64 666 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 28 0.0 0 0.0 12,400 7,024 6,387 1,011 4,020 Regression
St. Lucia 92 0.0 1 0.0 6,160 2,330 4,615 785 2,401 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 37

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2001), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
63 0.0 0 0.0 4,679 897 4,853 1,072 1,451 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 16,895 0.4 18 0.0 1,086 493 602 9 496 Regression
Suriname 283 0.0 1 0.0 4,342 669 3,805 132 617 Regression
Swaziland 477 0.0 2 0.0 3,686 2,926 869 108 1,256 Regression
Sweden 6,745 0.2 740 0.7 109,746 50,745 78,141 19,140 19,672 Regression
Switzerland 5,569 0.1 1,198 1.1 215,104 164,531 103,335 52,762 40,524 HBS
Syria 8,059 0.2 27 0.0 3,410 679 2,784 53 1,696 Regression
Taiwan 17,066 0.5 1,858 1.6 108,848 77,022 52,212 20,386 44,060 Regression
Tajikistan 2,915 0.1 2 0.0 774 210 573 8 367 Regression
Tanzania 15,547 0.4 9 0.0 583 363 229 9 277 Regression
Thailand 42,145 1.1 106 0.1 2,512 1,117 1,812 418 644 Regression
Togo 2,498 0.1 2 0.0 873 380 515 22 330 Regression
Tonga 49 0.0 0 0.0 4,287 1,258 3,565 535 1,816 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 824 0.0 5 0.0 5,570 3,039 2,993 462 2,331 Regression
Tunisia 5,723 0.2 63 0.1 10,981 3,663 7,928 610 4,616 Regression
Turkey 40,265 1.1 410 0.4 10,179 4,342 6,163 325 3,098 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,447 0.1 30 0.0 12,255 876 11,414 35 5,512 Regression
Uganda 9,970 0.3 4 0.0 394 278 125 9 152 Regression
Ukraine 36,454 1.0 41 0.0 1,112 267 875 31 187 Regression
United Arab Emirates 2,394 0.1 158 0.1 65,985 33,102 40,773 7,890 24,149 Regression
United Kingdom 44,294 1.2 6,913 6.1 156,062 97,217 85,378 26,533 75,734 HBS
United States 207,976 5.5 42,618 37.5 204,918 154,613 88,808 38,502 28,741 HBS
Uruguay 2,261 0.1 42 0.0 18,373 5,883 13,675 1,185 4,749 Regression
Vanuatu 92 0.0 0 0.0 2,284 645 1,806 167 1,100 Regression
Venezuela 14,071 0.4 156 0.1 11,079 3,489 7,784 194 3,149 Regression
Vietnam 45,345 1.2 78 0.1 1,728 383 1,377 33 822 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,409 0.0 3 0.0 1,968 502 1,514 48 962 Imputation
Yemen 7,604 0.2 14 0.0 1,865 716 1,163 14 824 Regression
Zambia 4,701 0.1 3 0.0 709 571 155 18 196 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,647 0.2 8 0.0 1,391 1,183 310 102 543 Regression
Africa 393,022 10.4 1,106 1.0 2,815 1,450 1,533 168 465
Asia-Pacific 857,921 22.8 24,885 21.9 29,006 17,837 16,356 5,187 1,250
China 833,435 22.1 4,996 4.4 5,995 2,814 3,383 202 2,917
Europe 552,981 14.7 32,864 28.9 59,431 33,013 36,318 9,900 6,382
India 584,953 15.5 1,201 1.1 2,052 273 1,839 59 601
Latin America 309,771 8.2 3,545 3.1 11,444 5,152 7,214 922 2,588
North America 231,146 6.1 44,978 39.6 194,588 146,517 84,803 36,731 33,607
World 3,763,229 100.0 113,576 100.0 30,181 19,158 16,063 5,041 1,786

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 38

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2002)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 1,882 0.0 8 0.0 4,437 932 3,578 73 1,807 Regression
Algeria 17,554 0.5 125 0.1 7,143 1,966 5,287 110 3,475 Regression
Angola 6,432 0.2 20 0.0 3,168 1,605 1,610 47 1,256 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 54 0.0 1 0.0 22,704 6,643 19,653 3,591 6,916 Regression
Argentina 24,226 0.6 311 0.3 12,845 7,845 5,177 177 3,793 Regression
Armenia 2,008 0.1 5 0.0 2,655 539 2,164 48 1,229 Regression
Australia 14,304 0.4 1,769 1.4 123,684 51,914 95,987 24,217 62,619 HBS
Austria 6,250 0.2 651 0.5 104,168 53,338 68,707 17,877 28,069 Regression
Azerbaijan 4,960 0.1 19 0.0 3,857 1,080 2,800 23 2,231 Regression
Bahamas 194 0.0 8 0.0 42,750 18,882 30,142 6,275 8,564 Regression
Bahrain 436 0.0 20 0.0 45,388 29,520 22,135 6,267 20,310 Regression
Bangladesh 77,344 2.0 91 0.1 1,170 492 710 32 542 Regression
Barbados 181 0.0 3 0.0 19,067 10,805 10,462 2,200 4,854 Regression
Belarus 7,398 0.2 20 0.0 2,680 677 2,073 70 1,526 Regression
Belgium 7,878 0.2 1,189 1.0 150,881 90,994 73,931 14,044 75,174 Regression
Belize 130 0.0 1 0.0 11,009 3,375 8,541 907 3,493 Regression
Benin 3,210 0.1 5 0.0 1,498 679 856 37 603 Regression
Bolivia 4,385 0.1 9 0.0 2,099 629 1,813 343 780 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,778 0.1 18 0.0 6,639 1,532 5,543 436 3,424 Regression
Botswana 906 0.0 4 0.0 4,761 3,616 1,325 180 1,071 Regression
Brazil 109,648 2.9 849 0.7 7,747 5,285 4,265 1,803 1,821 Regression
Brunei 212 0.0 6 0.0 28,130 12,182 19,918 3,969 14,541 Regression
Bulgaria 6,192 0.2 33 0.0 5,348 1,594 3,939 185 2,877 Regression
Burkina Faso 5,296 0.1 3 0.0 507 304 221 18 217 Regression
Burundi 2,914 0.1 1 0.0 176 131 56 11 80 Regression
Cambodia 6,253 0.2 8 0.0 1,210 526 697 12 572 Regression
Cameroon 7,708 0.2 13 0.0 1,720 1,068 702 50 693 Regression
Canada 23,421 0.6 2,426 2.0 103,580 72,778 52,769 21,967 29,070 HBS
Cape Verde 209 0.0 3 0.0 12,363 4,213 8,885 735 4,406 Regression
Central African Republic 1,846 0.0 1 0.0 601 415 198 12 225 Regression
Chad 3,910 0.1 3 0.0 836 510 340 14 338 Regression
Chile 10,185 0.3 178 0.1 17,432 9,473 9,909 1,950 5,231 Regression
China 844,882 22.0 6,182 5.0 7,318 3,595 3,997 275 3,504 Regression
Colombia 23,867 0.6 171 0.1 7,147 1,096 6,557 507 1,841 Regression
Comoros 283 0.0 0 0.0 1,642 658 1,017 33 364 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 22,288 0.6 5 0.0 240 155 86 1 94 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,487 0.0 2 0.0 1,277 686 603 12 543 Regression
Costa Rica 2,431 0.1 30 0.0 12,189 4,274 8,373 458 3,021 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 8,656 0.2 17 0.0 1,964 1,195 831 62 786 Regression
Croatia 3,433 0.1 44 0.0 12,829 6,172 8,589 1,932 5,008 Regression
Cyprus 570 0.0 55 0.0 95,649 86,416 45,675 36,441 4,162 Regression
Czech Republic 7,926 0.2 126 0.1 15,956 7,873 10,578 2,495 6,690 HBS
Denmark 4,081 0.1 494 0.4 121,006 82,732 90,913 52,639 34,075 HBS
Djibouti 372 0.0 1 0.0 2,731 1,618 1,248 136 1,268 Regression
Dominica 43 0.0 0 0.0 9,954 3,273 7,468 787 3,233 Regression
Ecuador 7,058 0.2 47 0.0 6,656 943 6,102 389 2,343 Regression
Egypt 38,571 1.0 277 0.2 7,180 3,356 4,217 393 2,694 Regression
El Salvador 3,207 0.1 24 0.0 7,531 1,897 6,805 1,170 3,030 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 39

 October 2015

Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2002), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 263 0.0 0 0.0 1,858 1,171 720 32 767 Regression
Eritrea 1,781 0.0 1 0.0 501 259 266 24 195 Regression
Estonia 1,022 0.0 11 0.0 10,698 5,437 6,612 1,352 3,977 Regression
Ethiopia 30,385 0.8 7 0.0 234 141 102 9 122 Regression
Fiji 454 0.0 2 0.0 4,614 1,676 3,239 301 1,613 Regression
Finland 3,945 0.1 357 0.3 90,516 35,229 68,571 13,284 36,234 Regression
France 44,733 1.2 5,856 4.8 130,908 59,475 88,814 17,381 63,438 HBS
Gabon 635 0.0 9 0.0 14,103 6,661 7,838 396 5,869 Regression
Gambia 658 0.0 1 0.0 792 480 337 24 314 Regression
Georgia 3,293 0.1 16 0.0 4,718 1,251 3,499 32 2,125 Regression
Germany 65,009 1.7 6,816 5.5 104,852 57,636 72,258 25,042 32,295 HBS
Ghana 9,929 0.3 11 0.0 1,059 565 518 24 448 Regression
Greece 8,685 0.2 561 0.5 64,592 25,566 44,472 5,445 30,123 Regression
Grenada 56 0.0 0 0.0 8,447 3,305 6,272 1,130 2,783 Regression
Guinea 3,966 0.1 4 0.0 1,030 541 501 12 446 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 660 0.0 0 0.0 413 312 106 4 144 Regression
Guyana 451 0.0 1 0.0 1,203 296 1,159 253 530 Regression
Haiti 4,379 0.1 13 0.0 2,875 259 2,698 82 952 Regression
Hong Kong 5,257 0.1 677 0.6 128,715 97,149 68,381 36,814 41,209 Regression
Hungary 7,863 0.2 142 0.1 18,081 7,353 12,089 1,361 10,224 HBS
Iceland 199 0.0 44 0.0 219,183 99,412 152,763 32,991 101,701 Regression
India 599,006 15.6 1,400 1.1 2,337 332 2,086 80 670 Regression
Indonesia 127,629 3.3 451 0.4 3,534 271 3,342 79 816 Regression
Iran 38,999 1.0 142 0.1 3,634 1,225 2,622 213 1,570 Regression
Ireland 2,799 0.1 326 0.3 116,615 71,658 72,623 27,666 38,017 Regression
Israel 4,019 0.1 288 0.2 71,741 58,825 28,500 15,584 24,691 HBS
Italy 46,458 1.2 6,699 5.4 144,204 68,166 87,598 11,560 77,257 HBS
Jamaica 1,513 0.0 16 0.0 10,405 2,612 8,439 646 3,339 Regression
Japan 101,895 2.7 17,302 14.1 169,804 111,794 90,177 32,167 83,816 HBS
Jordan 2,562 0.1 24 0.0 9,498 3,624 6,897 1,023 4,250 Regression
Kazakhstan 9,526 0.2 29 0.0 3,066 940 2,264 138 586 Regression
Kenya 14,751 0.4 17 0.0 1,131 795 393 57 410 Regression
Korea 33,978 0.9 1,372 1.1 40,386 26,923 26,735 13,271 17,383 Regression
Kuwait 1,658 0.0 122 0.1 73,816 43,194 40,944 10,323 24,746 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 2,816 0.1 4 0.0 1,530 355 1,182 6 703 Regression
Laos 2,623 0.1 4 0.0 1,453 503 964 13 653 Regression
Latvia 1,770 0.0 12 0.0 6,710 2,453 4,847 590 2,412 Regression
Lebanon 2,385 0.1 54 0.0 22,625 14,757 13,266 5,398 6,641 Regression
Lesotho 898 0.0 1 0.0 996 765 274 43 298 Regression
Liberia 1,387 0.0 1 0.0 713 353 366 6 306 Regression
Libya 3,174 0.1 93 0.1 29,391 10,411 19,630 650 7,456 Regression
Lithuania 2,549 0.1 21 0.0 8,416 2,975 5,663 221 3,105 Regression
Luxembourg 339 0.0 68 0.1 199,635 122,475 118,065 40,905 94,361 Regression
Macedonia 1,428 0.0 9 0.0 6,358 1,721 4,883 247 2,082 Regression
Madagascar 7,294 0.2 7 0.0 906 438 483 15 366 Regression
Malawi 5,446 0.1 2 0.0 377 292 89 4 157 Regression
Malaysia 13,903 0.4 152 0.1 10,921 7,416 6,593 3,089 2,416 Regression
Maldives 140 0.0 0 0.0 1,938 630 1,442 134 814 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 40

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2002), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 4,785 0.1 3 0.0 640 451 223 34 309 Regression
Malta 291 0.0 16 0.0 55,199 30,740 34,690 10,231 31,568 Regression
Mauritania 1,308 0.0 2 0.0 1,463 703 825 66 595 Regression
Mauritius 809 0.0 13 0.0 16,618 7,445 10,308 1,136 6,715 Regression
Mexico 59,142 1.5 1,184 1.0 20,016 7,497 12,986 467 5,542 Regression
Moldova 2,715 0.1 2 0.0 894 319 609 34 454 Regression
Mongolia 1,367 0.0 5 0.0 3,738 1,076 2,708 45 1,628 Regression
Montenegro 461 0.0 3 0.0 5,744 1,496 4,397 149 2,293 Regression
Morocco 16,655 0.4 105 0.1 6,309 2,525 4,091 307 1,754 Regression
Mozambique 8,797 0.2 4 0.0 446 304 157 16 180 Regression
Myanmar 28,614 0.7 11 0.0 401 6 399 4 172 Regression
Namibia 925 0.0 6 0.0 6,146 3,589 2,989 431 1,508 Regression
Nepal 12,521 0.3 13 0.0 1,035 427 629 21 416 Regression
Netherlands 12,148 0.3 1,357 1.1 111,690 101,135 49,173 38,618 46,865 HBS
New Zealand 2,791 0.1 400 0.3 143,265 82,073 84,355 23,164 57,843 HBS
Nicaragua 2,551 0.1 7 0.0 2,845 434 2,572 161 1,130 Regression
Niger 4,868 0.1 2 0.0 379 238 148 7 179 Regression
Nigeria 59,667 1.6 103 0.1 1,734 1,027 764 57 716 Regression
Norway 3,356 0.1 456 0.4 135,955 58,695 126,013 48,752 68,990 Regression
Oman 1,336 0.0 33 0.0 24,534 11,839 14,732 2,037 9,797 Regression
Pakistan 75,422 2.0 195 0.2 2,589 1,104 1,529 43 1,345 Regression
Panama 1,818 0.0 19 0.0 10,370 4,395 7,028 1,054 2,862 Regression
Papua New Guinea 2,755 0.1 5 0.0 1,994 1,067 956 29 702 Regression
Paraguay 2,879 0.1 9 0.0 3,094 630 2,705 241 1,127 Regression
Peru 15,135 0.4 114 0.1 7,552 1,493 6,580 520 1,918 Regression
Philippines 42,365 1.1 127 0.1 2,993 1,111 2,072 189 606 Regression
Poland 28,228 0.7 309 0.3 10,963 4,064 8,077 1,177 3,660 Regression
Portugal 8,064 0.2 430 0.3 53,281 37,303 30,419 14,441 20,379 Regression
Qatar 480 0.0 14 0.0 30,126 10,560 22,595 3,029 11,098 Regression
Romania 16,475 0.4 82 0.1 4,984 1,030 4,075 121 2,091 Regression
Russia 108,442 2.8 564 0.5 5,204 1,674 3,734 204 1,159 Regression
Rwanda 3,620 0.1 1 0.0 385 296 102 13 136 Regression
Samoa 87 0.0 1 0.0 11,280 1,072 10,571 363 5,202 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 66 0.0 0 0.0 2,987 1,664 1,370 47 1,335 Regression
Saudi Arabia 11,818 0.3 319 0.3 26,970 15,605 14,614 3,249 6,737 Regression
Senegal 4,552 0.1 7 0.0 1,647 932 789 74 740 Regression
Serbia 7,331 0.2 32 0.0 4,307 943 3,532 168 1,740 Regression
Seychelles 47 0.0 2 0.0 38,618 11,741 28,469 1,593 3,816 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,132 0.1 1 0.0 401 291 115 5 188 Regression
Singapore 2,988 0.1 322 0.3 107,899 64,170 72,710 28,981 38,867 HBS
Slovakia 3,952 0.1 47 0.0 11,886 5,260 8,135 1,509 9,002 Regression
Slovenia 1,555 0.0 52 0.0 33,606 13,435 23,329 3,158 21,768 Regression
Solomon Islands 209 0.0 1 0.0 6,003 2,545 3,615 157 2,844 Regression
South Africa 26,153 0.7 234 0.2 8,931 7,740 2,943 1,753 1,420 HBS
Spain 32,799 0.9 2,405 2.0 73,324 35,708 51,386 13,770 33,215 Regression
Sri Lanka 12,327 0.3 21 0.0 1,718 505 1,301 88 716 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 28 0.0 0 0.0 15,443 10,103 6,720 1,380 4,364 Regression
St. Lucia 94 0.0 1 0.0 6,921 2,742 5,158 980 2,336 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 41

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2002), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
64 0.0 0 0.0 5,324 1,102 5,569 1,348 1,878 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 17,347 0.5 22 0.0 1,266 590 692 16 578 Regression
Suriname 288 0.0 2 0.0 6,306 734 5,951 379 912 Regression
Swaziland 484 0.0 2 0.0 3,204 2,647 664 106 978 Regression
Sweden 6,777 0.2 849 0.7 125,265 55,917 93,746 24,398 21,567 Regression
Switzerland 5,626 0.1 1,397 1.1 248,251 186,207 127,340 65,296 46,924 HBS
Syria 8,444 0.2 31 0.0 3,644 756 2,949 61 1,812 Regression
Taiwan 17,243 0.4 1,933 1.6 112,123 80,514 51,344 19,735 45,302 Regression
Tajikistan 2,956 0.1 3 0.0 937 256 694 12 445 Regression
Tanzania 15,975 0.4 11 0.0 661 425 247 12 313 Regression
Thailand 43,003 1.1 120 0.1 2,801 1,236 2,139 573 741 Regression
Togo 2,586 0.1 3 0.0 1,054 452 628 25 430 Regression
Tonga 50 0.0 0 0.0 5,193 1,526 4,443 776 2,485 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 841 0.0 7 0.0 8,268 5,049 3,943 725 3,479 Regression
Tunisia 5,861 0.2 76 0.1 12,891 4,449 9,216 774 5,409 Regression
Turkey 41,313 1.1 459 0.4 11,102 3,509 8,063 470 3,063 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,510 0.1 38 0.0 14,983 1,373 13,660 51 6,736 Regression
Uganda 10,286 0.3 5 0.0 453 314 151 12 174 Regression
Ukraine 36,429 1.0 54 0.0 1,475 453 1,076 54 246 Regression
United Arab Emirates 2,561 0.1 216 0.2 84,447 45,303 50,317 11,173 30,781 Regression
United Kingdom 44,551 1.2 7,950 6.5 178,450 98,426 113,426 33,403 86,458 HBS
United States 210,478 5.5 41,459 33.7 196,975 143,534 95,272 41,831 32,269 HBS
Uruguay 2,266 0.1 29 0.0 12,883 4,594 9,439 1,151 3,134 Regression
Vanuatu 95 0.0 0 0.0 2,664 761 2,139 236 1,136 Regression
Venezuela 14,457 0.4 154 0.1 10,627 4,490 6,294 157 2,909 Regression
Vietnam 46,621 1.2 93 0.1 2,004 425 1,624 45 953 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,460 0.0 4 0.0 2,428 572 1,919 64 1,187 Imputation
Yemen 7,902 0.2 16 0.0 2,082 797 1,304 18 920 Regression
Zambia 4,787 0.1 4 0.0 835 698 154 17 250 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,670 0.1 10 0.0 1,811 1,507 744 439 766 Regression
Africa 404,361 10.5 1,256 1.0 3,106 1,658 1,665 217 519
Asia-Pacific 877,980 22.9 27,174 22.1 30,950 19,136 17,605 5,791 1,481
China 844,882 22.0 6,182 5.0 7,318 3,595 3,997 275 3,504
Europe 555,994 14.5 39,596 32.2 71,216 37,644 46,060 12,487 8,026
India 599,006 15.6 1,400 1.1 2,337 332 2,086 80 670
Latin America 316,738 8.3 3,424 2.8 10,810 5,012 6,784 986 2,555
North America 233,985 6.1 43,901 35.7 187,624 136,449 91,016 39,842 32,269
World 3,832,946 100.0 122,933 100.0 32,073 19,607 18,213 5,747 2,053

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 42

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2003)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 1,911 0.0 12 0.0 6,467 1,158 5,437 128 2,634 Regression
Algeria 18,159 0.5 148 0.1 8,162 2,003 6,279 120 3,968 Regression
Angola 6,652 0.2 26 0.0 3,875 2,152 1,780 57 1,437 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 55 0.0 1 0.0 25,238 6,785 21,827 3,374 7,767 Regression
Argentina 24,567 0.6 267 0.2 10,879 3,652 7,424 196 3,239 Regression
Armenia 2,028 0.1 7 0.0 3,320 708 2,663 51 1,537 Regression
Australia 14,528 0.4 2,543 1.7 175,033 69,748 141,633 36,348 81,466 HBS
Austria 6,308 0.2 863 0.6 136,727 67,289 91,376 21,938 47,706 Regression
Azerbaijan 5,058 0.1 23 0.0 4,591 1,241 3,383 33 2,418 Regression
Bahamas 199 0.0 10 0.0 51,097 23,492 34,675 7,070 10,467 Regression
Bahrain 446 0.0 23 0.0 51,474 32,864 25,604 6,993 23,026 Regression
Bangladesh 79,765 2.0 112 0.1 1,403 585 855 37 650 Regression
Barbados 183 0.0 4 0.0 22,397 12,149 12,926 2,678 6,545 Regression
Belarus 7,423 0.2 27 0.0 3,592 921 2,790 119 1,526 Regression
Belgium 7,921 0.2 1,550 1.0 195,697 110,986 102,598 17,887 97,646 Regression
Belize 135 0.0 2 0.0 12,516 4,007 9,555 1,047 3,991 Regression
Benin 3,337 0.1 6 0.0 1,815 763 1,107 55 730 Regression
Bolivia 4,496 0.1 10 0.0 2,252 646 1,947 342 763 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,808 0.1 24 0.0 8,722 1,845 7,535 658 3,320 Regression
Botswana 928 0.0 6 0.0 5,958 4,150 2,109 300 1,338 Regression
Brazil 112,279 2.9 972 0.7 8,657 5,526 5,060 1,929 1,917 Regression
Brunei 218 0.0 8 0.0 36,072 15,336 25,771 5,035 18,641 Regression
Bulgaria 6,184 0.2 46 0.0 7,479 2,234 5,606 360 4,024 Regression
Burkina Faso 5,510 0.1 4 0.0 666 373 321 27 262 Regression
Burundi 3,056 0.1 1 0.0 170 126 54 10 83 Regression
Cambodia 6,504 0.2 9 0.0 1,444 633 826 15 643 Regression
Cameroon 7,931 0.2 18 0.0 2,213 1,344 940 71 959 Regression
Canada 23,766 0.6 3,183 2.2 133,931 93,683 68,563 28,315 50,229 HBS
Cape Verde 215 0.0 3 0.0 15,904 4,724 12,200 1,020 6,374 Regression
Central African Republic 1,880 0.0 1 0.0 715 488 242 16 267 Regression
Chad 4,054 0.1 2 0.0 593 343 260 10 240 Regression
Chile 10,379 0.3 209 0.1 20,099 10,588 11,738 2,227 7,756 Regression
China 856,855 21.9 7,630 5.2 8,904 4,479 4,769 344 4,183 Regression
Colombia 24,448 0.6 186 0.1 7,602 1,333 6,825 556 1,856 Regression
Comoros 293 0.0 1 0.0 2,357 872 1,537 52 614 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 22,998 0.6 6 0.0 277 184 93 1 109 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,535 0.0 2 0.0 1,605 851 773 18 612 Regression
Costa Rica 2,505 0.1 34 0.0 13,525 4,825 9,228 528 3,632 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 8,844 0.2 23 0.0 2,655 1,572 1,162 80 1,062 Regression
Croatia 3,441 0.1 58 0.0 16,978 8,153 11,670 2,844 9,099 Regression
Cyprus 582 0.0 69 0.0 118,895 101,984 61,791 44,880 11,808 Regression
Czech Republic 7,955 0.2 153 0.1 19,211 9,753 12,903 3,445 6,146 HBS
Denmark 4,084 0.1 620 0.4 151,777 106,702 111,315 66,240 32,198 HBS
Djibouti 382 0.0 1 0.0 3,067 1,825 1,382 140 1,255 Regression
Dominica 44 0.0 0 0.0 10,944 3,550 8,233 839 3,596 Regression
Ecuador 7,198 0.2 61 0.0 8,510 1,260 7,713 463 3,012 Regression
Egypt 39,760 1.0 300 0.2 7,540 3,653 4,299 412 2,586 Regression
El Salvador 3,239 0.1 29 0.0 8,919 2,366 7,954 1,401 3,605 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 43

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2003), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 270 0.0 1 0.0 2,628 1,591 1,080 43 1,083 Regression
Eritrea 1,888 0.0 1 0.0 436 198 262 23 186 Regression
Estonia 1,025 0.0 15 0.0 14,914 7,930 9,778 2,793 5,547 Regression
Ethiopia 31,246 0.8 9 0.0 277 158 130 11 144 Regression
Fiji 460 0.0 3 0.0 5,826 1,937 4,304 415 2,037 Regression
Finland 3,967 0.1 490 0.3 123,575 46,658 94,657 17,739 49,634 Regression
France 45,114 1.2 7,862 5.3 174,262 75,794 120,893 22,425 86,329 HBS
Gabon 654 0.0 10 0.0 15,728 6,856 9,296 424 5,765 Regression
Gambia 679 0.0 1 0.0 901 539 392 29 358 Regression
Georgia 3,278 0.1 19 0.0 5,658 1,482 4,217 41 2,548 Regression
Germany 65,257 1.7 8,649 5.9 132,534 73,644 89,249 30,359 41,280 HBS
Ghana 10,229 0.3 14 0.0 1,410 777 665 32 616 Regression
Greece 8,753 0.2 761 0.5 86,947 32,444 62,332 7,829 41,340 Regression
Grenada 56 0.0 1 0.0 9,742 3,697 7,302 1,257 3,748 Regression
Guinea 4,051 0.1 4 0.0 1,057 550 519 12 499 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 674 0.0 0 0.0 433 318 118 3 151 Regression
Guyana 455 0.0 1 0.0 1,335 348 1,227 240 588 Regression
Haiti 4,505 0.1 9 0.0 2,075 240 1,889 54 687 Regression
Hong Kong 5,331 0.1 763 0.5 143,129 110,761 69,942 37,574 45,209 Regression
Hungary 7,870 0.2 163 0.1 20,762 8,904 14,068 2,209 8,722 HBS
Iceland 201 0.0 55 0.0 270,799 112,601 214,869 56,670 88,526 Regression
India 613,288 15.7 1,807 1.2 2,946 411 2,634 99 826 Regression
Indonesia 130,517 3.3 627 0.4 4,806 409 4,510 113 1,116 Regression
Iran 40,238 1.0 186 0.1 4,621 1,548 3,380 308 2,164 Regression
Ireland 2,878 0.1 456 0.3 158,431 96,197 101,720 39,486 51,679 Regression
Israel 4,105 0.1 383 0.3 93,177 76,868 31,381 15,072 28,133 HBS
Italy 46,795 1.2 8,559 5.8 182,906 84,213 113,884 15,192 99,508 HBS
Jamaica 1,534 0.0 18 0.0 11,608 3,487 8,956 835 4,136 Regression
Japan 102,437 2.6 19,557 13.2 190,923 130,150 95,792 35,019 94,609 HBS
Jordan 2,658 0.1 30 0.0 11,253 4,535 7,846 1,129 5,498 Regression
Kazakhstan 9,647 0.2 39 0.0 4,049 1,217 3,052 219 795 Regression
Kenya 15,245 0.4 21 0.0 1,352 957 459 65 536 Regression
Korea 34,465 0.9 1,614 1.1 46,836 28,487 31,993 13,643 22,527 Regression
Kuwait 1,733 0.0 139 0.1 80,231 45,509 46,560 11,839 26,939 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 2,874 0.1 7 0.0 2,345 569 1,787 11 1,169 Regression
Laos 2,689 0.1 5 0.0 1,798 587 1,225 14 886 Regression
Latvia 1,768 0.0 15 0.0 8,472 2,928 6,589 1,045 3,046 Regression
Lebanon 2,453 0.1 68 0.0 27,887 18,602 15,268 5,982 7,942 Regression
Lesotho 914 0.0 1 0.0 980 643 371 35 293 Regression
Liberia 1,428 0.0 1 0.0 693 395 303 6 333 Regression
Libya 3,300 0.1 69 0.0 20,955 4,679 16,734 458 4,895 Regression
Lithuania 2,558 0.1 29 0.0 11,412 3,916 8,171 674 5,802 Regression
Luxembourg 343 0.0 78 0.1 228,967 133,863 145,066 49,961 108,924 Regression
Macedonia 1,443 0.0 12 0.0 8,263 2,154 6,446 337 2,707 Regression
Madagascar 7,503 0.2 8 0.0 1,068 441 648 21 432 Regression
Malawi 5,582 0.1 3 0.0 448 316 138 6 177 Regression
Malaysia 14,292 0.4 193 0.1 13,534 9,326 7,759 3,551 3,052 Regression
Maldives 145 0.0 0 0.0 2,207 712 1,638 143 927 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 44

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2003), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 4,922 0.1 4 0.0 768 504 314 49 342 Regression
Malta 295 0.0 21 0.0 71,823 38,686 45,484 12,348 41,135 Regression
Mauritania 1,355 0.0 2 0.0 1,575 739 909 73 640 Regression
Mauritius 822 0.0 16 0.0 19,342 8,831 12,253 1,742 7,788 Regression
Mexico 60,419 1.5 1,325 0.9 21,928 7,888 14,651 611 6,665 Regression
Moldova 2,693 0.1 4 0.0 1,304 466 897 59 490 Regression
Mongolia 1,409 0.0 6 0.0 4,084 1,184 2,971 71 1,949 Regression
Montenegro 455 0.0 4 0.0 9,033 2,297 6,999 262 5,075 Regression
Morocco 17,090 0.4 137 0.1 7,996 2,955 5,447 406 2,052 Regression
Mozambique 9,021 0.2 5 0.0 580 392 208 20 213 Regression
Myanmar 29,094 0.7 18 0.0 603 5 602 3 259 Regression
Namibia 948 0.0 7 0.0 7,890 3,649 5,038 797 2,083 Regression
Nepal 12,893 0.3 16 0.0 1,211 496 738 24 471 Regression
Netherlands 12,206 0.3 1,724 1.2 141,204 129,667 62,853 51,315 70,769 HBS
New Zealand 2,834 0.1 620 0.4 218,746 116,947 134,558 32,759 71,990 HBS
Nicaragua 2,624 0.1 8 0.0 3,158 481 2,875 199 1,354 Regression
Niger 5,022 0.1 2 0.0 495 292 212 10 234 Regression
Nigeria 61,385 1.6 135 0.1 2,202 1,527 733 58 892 Regression
Norway 3,376 0.1 615 0.4 182,234 67,916 169,864 55,546 67,647 Regression
Oman 1,372 0.0 41 0.0 30,174 14,640 17,909 2,375 12,043 Regression
Pakistan 77,748 2.0 241 0.2 3,097 1,265 1,891 59 1,477 Regression
Panama 1,862 0.0 22 0.0 11,598 4,974 7,733 1,109 3,239 Regression
Papua New Guinea 2,834 0.1 5 0.0 1,833 870 988 25 646 Regression
Paraguay 2,966 0.1 10 0.0 3,454 534 3,096 176 1,263 Regression
Peru 15,461 0.4 137 0.1 8,859 1,761 7,642 543 2,249 Regression
Philippines 43,538 1.1 149 0.1 3,430 1,295 2,339 203 781 Regression
Poland 28,515 0.7 352 0.2 12,332 4,182 9,446 1,296 4,275 Regression
Portugal 8,152 0.2 564 0.4 69,136 46,534 41,148 18,546 26,580 Regression
Qatar 526 0.0 25 0.0 47,841 26,380 24,859 3,398 17,594 Regression
Romania 16,486 0.4 115 0.1 6,976 1,410 5,848 281 2,903 Regression
Russia 108,723 2.8 753 0.5 6,926 2,224 5,026 324 1,179 Regression
Rwanda 3,737 0.1 2 0.0 426 314 126 14 150 Regression
Samoa 86 0.0 1 0.0 15,209 1,500 14,208 499 6,208 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 68 0.0 0 0.0 3,315 2,086 1,308 79 1,286 Regression
Saudi Arabia 12,275 0.3 365 0.2 29,762 17,047 16,121 3,407 7,980 Regression
Senegal 4,696 0.1 9 0.0 1,987 1,040 1,049 102 822 Regression
Serbia 7,321 0.2 47 0.0 6,378 1,392 5,228 241 2,577 Regression
Seychelles 47 0.0 2 0.0 41,689 15,662 28,160 2,134 5,030 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,219 0.1 0 0.0 189 137 54 2 89 Regression
Singapore 3,028 0.1 356 0.2 117,734 72,284 75,839 30,389 43,952 HBS
Slovakia 3,991 0.1 63 0.0 15,891 6,545 11,528 2,181 11,600 Regression
Slovenia 1,567 0.0 72 0.0 45,663 18,141 31,728 4,206 29,582 Regression
Solomon Islands 216 0.0 1 0.0 4,102 1,497 2,706 100 1,724 Regression
South Africa 26,718 0.7 342 0.2 12,784 10,839 4,487 2,542 2,066 HBS
Spain 33,391 0.9 3,366 2.3 100,815 48,132 71,731 19,048 45,962 Regression
Sri Lanka 12,530 0.3 27 0.0 2,137 634 1,615 112 963 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 29 0.0 0 0.0 14,469 8,723 7,408 1,663 4,135 Regression
St. Lucia 96 0.0 1 0.0 8,583 3,440 6,278 1,135 3,381 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 45

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2003), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
65 0.0 0 0.0 6,300 1,446 6,776 1,922 2,233 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 17,809 0.5 28 0.0 1,555 718 863 25 711 Regression
Suriname 293 0.0 3 0.0 9,397 1,395 8,620 618 1,380 Regression
Swaziland 490 0.0 1 0.0 2,837 2,096 949 209 966 Regression
Sweden 6,814 0.2 1,182 0.8 173,500 77,049 128,923 32,473 31,603 Regression
Switzerland 5,689 0.1 1,621 1.1 284,987 220,449 141,232 76,695 54,062 HBS
Syria 8,861 0.2 37 0.0 4,226 1,033 3,273 80 2,102 Regression
Taiwan 17,396 0.4 1,812 1.2 104,146 73,045 51,200 20,100 41,989 HBS
Tajikistan 3,002 0.1 4 0.0 1,246 313 949 15 591 Regression
Tanzania 16,419 0.4 13 0.0 771 492 295 16 366 Regression
Thailand 43,881 1.1 157 0.1 3,587 1,687 2,579 680 830 Regression
Togo 2,673 0.1 3 0.0 1,248 534 750 36 510 Regression
Tonga 51 0.0 0 0.0 6,541 1,895 5,619 973 3,129 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 858 0.0 7 0.0 8,164 4,544 4,317 697 3,117 Regression
Tunisia 6,001 0.2 96 0.1 15,999 5,160 11,821 983 7,304 Regression
Turkey 42,354 1.1 698 0.5 16,483 5,094 12,101 711 4,492 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,576 0.1 46 0.0 17,839 1,694 16,205 60 8,017 Regression
Uganda 10,622 0.3 6 0.0 520 359 175 14 200 Regression
Ukraine 36,427 0.9 69 0.0 1,881 593 1,382 94 311 Regression
United Arab Emirates 2,728 0.1 267 0.2 97,768 52,695 57,620 12,547 39,417 Regression
United Kingdom 44,837 1.1 9,666 6.5 215,576 118,407 138,958 41,789 89,601 HBS
United States 212,961 5.5 47,346 32.0 222,325 165,728 102,921 46,324 36,386 HBS
Uruguay 2,269 0.1 27 0.0 11,821 3,910 8,611 699 3,168 Regression
Vanuatu 98 0.0 0 0.0 3,277 821 2,756 300 1,579 Regression
Venezuela 14,847 0.4 144 0.1 9,701 3,987 5,854 140 2,750 Regression
Vietnam 47,909 1.2 117 0.1 2,449 505 2,005 62 1,165 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,513 0.0 5 0.0 3,068 697 2,452 81 1,500 Imputation
Yemen 8,221 0.2 20 0.0 2,472 955 1,539 22 1,093 Regression
Zambia 4,869 0.1 5 0.0 1,013 854 181 22 281 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,682 0.1 17 0.0 3,072 2,980 253 161 1,299 Regression
Africa 416,008 10.7 1,532 1.0 3,682 2,021 1,939 278 627
Asia-Pacific 898,311 23.0 31,692 21.4 35,279 21,789 19,838 6,348 1,856
China 856,855 21.9 7,630 5.2 8,904 4,479 4,769 344 4,183
Europe 559,163 14.3 50,843 34.4 90,927 47,213 59,573 15,860 10,551
India 613,288 15.7 1,807 1.2 2,946 411 2,634 99 826
Latin America 323,698 8.3 3,759 2.5 11,613 4,907 7,787 1,081 2,770
North America 236,813 6.1 50,548 34.2 213,450 158,495 99,471 44,516 36,561
World 3,904,135 100.0 147,810 100.0 37,860 23,059 21,443 6,643 2,472

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 46

 October 2015

Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2004)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 1,942 0.0 20 0.0 10,259 1,925 8,589 255 5,621 Regression
Algeria 18,769 0.5 176 0.1 9,386 2,189 7,343 145 4,561 Regression
Angola 6,881 0.2 29 0.0 4,228 2,037 2,270 79 1,671 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 56 0.0 1 0.0 24,642 6,209 21,663 3,230 7,660 Regression
Argentina 24,909 0.6 329 0.2 13,200 4,752 8,686 238 4,246 Regression
Armenia 2,049 0.1 8 0.0 3,992 731 3,338 77 2,041 Regression
Australia 14,753 0.4 3,015 1.8 204,370 80,663 167,059 43,352 95,267 HBS
Austria 6,368 0.2 996 0.6 156,378 76,009 105,299 24,930 42,130 Regression
Azerbaijan 5,164 0.1 26 0.0 4,989 1,308 3,728 46 2,886 Regression
Bahamas 203 0.0 11 0.0 53,290 24,697 36,335 7,743 11,159 Regression
Bahrain 457 0.0 24 0.0 52,244 34,030 26,134 7,921 26,867 Regression
Bangladesh 82,210 2.1 127 0.1 1,547 668 921 42 717 Regression
Barbados 185 0.0 5 0.0 26,190 15,010 14,538 3,357 7,729 Regression
Belarus 7,449 0.2 33 0.0 4,377 1,079 3,476 178 1,860 Regression
Belgium 7,967 0.2 1,786 1.1 224,116 127,403 117,270 20,557 130,579 Regression
Belize 140 0.0 2 0.0 12,199 3,768 9,552 1,122 3,456 Regression
Benin 3,467 0.1 7 0.0 2,130 964 1,229 63 857 Regression
Bolivia 4,610 0.1 11 0.0 2,293 627 1,989 324 778 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,833 0.1 29 0.0 10,176 2,325 8,683 831 3,873 Regression
Botswana 950 0.0 7 0.0 7,442 5,300 2,526 384 1,567 Regression
Brazil 114,883 2.9 973 0.6 8,474 4,484 5,763 1,773 1,880 Regression
Brunei 225 0.0 9 0.0 39,632 15,991 29,176 5,535 17,803 Regression
Bulgaria 6,174 0.2 56 0.0 9,091 2,879 6,785 572 3,569 Regression
Burkina Faso 5,728 0.1 5 0.0 901 543 392 35 385 Regression
Burundi 3,216 0.1 1 0.0 156 107 59 10 76 Regression
Cambodia 6,764 0.2 11 0.0 1,606 672 956 22 715 Regression
Cameroon 8,159 0.2 21 0.0 2,608 1,664 1,023 79 1,130 Regression
Canada 24,113 0.6 3,730 2.2 154,700 107,739 79,525 32,564 44,467 HBS
Cape Verde 223 0.0 3 0.0 15,002 5,006 10,890 894 6,001 Regression
Central African Republic 1,915 0.0 2 0.0 811 564 268 21 273 Regression
Chad 4,198 0.1 3 0.0 735 365 383 13 297 Regression
Chile 10,578 0.3 229 0.1 21,625 10,321 14,132 2,827 6,809 Regression
China 869,671 21.9 8,319 5.0 9,565 4,627 5,320 381 4,394 Regression
Colombia 25,032 0.6 227 0.1 9,048 1,765 8,018 735 2,392 Regression
Comoros 303 0.0 1 0.0 2,883 1,190 1,745 52 638 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 23,747 0.6 7 0.0 280 177 104 2 110 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,583 0.0 3 0.0 1,775 861 934 20 677 Regression
Costa Rica 2,580 0.1 35 0.0 13,377 4,558 9,391 573 3,644 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 9,037 0.2 29 0.0 3,160 1,972 1,281 93 1,177 Regression
Croatia 3,451 0.1 71 0.0 20,600 9,933 14,339 3,672 8,045 Regression
Cyprus 594 0.0 81 0.0 136,511 116,327 71,840 51,656 20,935 Regression
Czech Republic 7,989 0.2 182 0.1 22,817 12,071 15,458 4,713 9,773 HBS
Denmark 4,087 0.1 729 0.4 178,476 132,809 124,788 79,122 38,778 HBS
Djibouti 393 0.0 1 0.0 3,283 1,938 1,493 148 1,525 Regression
Dominica 44 0.0 1 0.0 11,497 3,523 8,910 935 3,820 Regression
Ecuador 7,338 0.2 68 0.0 9,230 1,401 8,406 577 3,052 Regression
Egypt 41,004 1.0 274 0.2 6,675 3,195 3,841 361 2,430 Regression
El Salvador 3,272 0.1 31 0.0 9,521 2,580 8,483 1,542 3,567 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2004), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 277 0.0 1 0.0 4,224 2,135 2,171 82 1,542 Regression
Eritrea 1,993 0.1 1 0.0 411 173 260 22 160 Regression
Estonia 1,030 0.0 19 0.0 18,840 10,772 12,215 4,147 9,940 Regression
Ethiopia 32,151 0.8 9 0.0 287 148 152 12 149 Regression
Fiji 467 0.0 3 0.0 6,679 2,385 4,806 512 2,724 Regression
Finland 3,990 0.1 559 0.3 140,009 53,996 108,193 22,181 71,053 Regression
France 45,497 1.1 9,715 5.8 213,525 87,540 152,293 26,308 73,811 HBS
Gabon 673 0.0 11 0.0 15,759 7,016 9,097 354 6,531 Regression
Gambia 700 0.0 1 0.0 838 470 391 23 333 Regression
Georgia 3,263 0.1 23 0.0 7,066 1,670 5,457 62 2,880 Regression
Germany 65,516 1.6 9,746 5.9 148,761 82,619 98,866 32,724 37,223 HBS
Ghana 10,533 0.3 18 0.0 1,698 1,015 724 41 719 Regression
Greece 8,814 0.2 889 0.5 100,899 39,012 72,317 10,431 54,345 Regression
Grenada 57 0.0 1 0.0 8,727 3,583 6,281 1,137 3,378 Regression
Guinea 4,141 0.1 5 0.0 1,213 634 593 13 573 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 689 0.0 0 0.0 355 245 113 2 124 Regression
Guyana 459 0.0 1 0.0 1,394 355 1,273 235 615 Regression
Haiti 4,633 0.1 11 0.0 2,429 176 2,313 60 805 Regression
Hong Kong 5,401 0.1 763 0.5 141,221 107,264 74,242 40,285 39,664 Regression
Hungary 7,874 0.2 203 0.1 25,770 11,691 17,336 3,257 10,830 HBS
Iceland 205 0.0 70 0.0 341,430 145,418 268,344 72,332 156,577 Regression
India 627,792 15.8 2,004 1.2 3,193 446 2,868 121 830 Regression
Indonesia 133,394 3.4 697 0.4 5,229 509 4,860 140 1,219 Regression
Iran 41,512 1.0 224 0.1 5,385 1,779 4,016 411 2,522 Regression
Ireland 2,956 0.1 524 0.3 177,113 111,212 116,708 50,808 57,830 Regression
Israel 4,190 0.1 416 0.3 99,359 82,465 33,232 16,338 29,794 HBS
Italy 47,133 1.2 9,818 5.9 208,302 96,029 130,259 17,987 97,528 HBS
Jamaica 1,554 0.0 19 0.0 11,988 3,461 9,517 989 4,288 Regression
Japan 102,908 2.6 19,901 12.0 193,383 134,608 94,498 35,723 96,224 HBS
Jordan 2,766 0.1 35 0.0 12,486 5,023 8,848 1,384 5,587 Regression
Kazakhstan 9,785 0.2 51 0.0 5,202 1,452 4,118 369 1,048 Regression
Kenya 15,751 0.4 23 0.0 1,434 1,038 469 73 569 Regression
Korea 34,929 0.9 1,840 1.1 52,687 34,486 34,388 16,187 25,155 Regression
Kuwait 1,803 0.0 154 0.1 85,444 49,321 48,140 12,017 32,136 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 2,934 0.1 8 0.0 2,557 651 1,922 16 1,274 Regression
Laos 2,760 0.1 6 0.0 2,221 707 1,532 18 1,094 Regression
Latvia 1,769 0.0 21 0.0 11,722 5,018 8,404 1,701 4,216 Regression
Lebanon 2,518 0.1 74 0.0 29,383 19,684 15,981 6,282 8,071 Regression
Lesotho 930 0.0 1 0.0 1,472 1,079 439 46 440 Regression
Liberia 1,473 0.0 1 0.0 585 268 324 8 251 Regression
Libya 3,424 0.1 89 0.1 26,076 5,334 21,242 499 6,531 Regression
Lithuania 2,566 0.1 36 0.0 14,000 5,315 9,918 1,233 7,119 Regression
Luxembourg 347 0.0 101 0.1 292,548 177,955 173,883 59,290 113,641 Regression
Macedonia 1,457 0.0 15 0.0 9,956 2,790 7,637 471 3,261 Regression
Madagascar 7,722 0.2 6 0.0 838 447 405 14 360 Regression
Malawi 5,721 0.1 2 0.0 409 274 141 7 171 Regression
Malaysia 14,684 0.4 216 0.1 14,742 9,768 8,507 3,533 3,392 Regression
Maldives 152 0.0 0 0.0 2,177 674 1,692 188 915 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2004), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 5,065 0.1 5 0.0 1,020 718 361 59 454 Regression
Malta 300 0.0 27 0.0 90,272 52,401 50,332 12,461 51,778 Regression
Mauritania 1,403 0.0 3 0.0 1,954 905 1,137 88 794 Regression
Mauritius 834 0.0 19 0.0 23,290 11,313 14,163 2,186 9,343 Regression
Mexico 61,675 1.6 1,438 0.9 23,308 8,740 15,240 673 7,244 Regression
Moldova 2,674 0.1 4 0.0 1,588 516 1,156 83 597 Regression
Mongolia 1,453 0.0 6 0.0 4,251 1,048 3,289 86 1,852 Regression
Montenegro 451 0.0 5 0.0 11,592 3,209 8,790 407 4,628 Regression
Morocco 17,529 0.4 166 0.1 9,490 3,866 6,091 467 2,435 Regression
Mozambique 9,245 0.2 6 0.0 621 404 237 19 228 Regression
Myanmar 29,568 0.7 17 0.0 589 9 582 3 273 Regression
Namibia 972 0.0 10 0.0 10,233 5,091 6,152 1,010 2,494 Regression
Nepal 13,277 0.3 17 0.0 1,283 492 817 27 499 Regression
Netherlands 12,266 0.3 1,971 1.2 160,666 149,008 70,983 59,325 68,179 HBS
New Zealand 2,878 0.1 753 0.5 261,559 133,203 169,739 41,383 86,555 HBS
Nicaragua 2,698 0.1 9 0.0 3,271 463 3,042 234 1,404 Regression
Niger 5,181 0.1 3 0.0 593 372 233 12 280 Regression
Nigeria 63,137 1.6 144 0.1 2,286 1,470 886 70 825 Regression
Norway 3,400 0.1 693 0.4 203,908 82,990 188,685 67,767 104,922 Regression
Oman 1,411 0.0 45 0.0 32,219 15,017 19,767 2,564 14,019 Regression
Pakistan 80,180 2.0 289 0.2 3,610 1,491 2,200 81 1,721 Regression
Panama 1,906 0.0 24 0.0 12,615 5,290 8,584 1,259 3,564 Regression
Papua New Guinea 2,915 0.1 6 0.0 2,198 1,105 1,122 29 716 Regression
Paraguay 3,055 0.1 13 0.0 4,136 552 3,810 226 1,519 Regression
Peru 15,786 0.4 150 0.1 9,486 1,774 8,257 545 2,221 Regression
Philippines 44,738 1.1 160 0.1 3,573 1,301 2,488 216 801 Regression
Poland 28,792 0.7 409 0.2 14,217 5,480 10,380 1,644 3,829 Regression
Portugal 8,233 0.2 657 0.4 79,836 52,466 49,081 21,711 30,855 Regression
Qatar 587 0.0 35 0.0 59,000 31,494 32,140 4,634 24,546 Regression
Romania 16,503 0.4 153 0.1 9,251 2,308 7,399 456 3,814 Regression
Russia 109,035 2.7 989 0.6 9,073 2,613 6,992 532 2,066 Regression
Rwanda 3,856 0.1 2 0.0 442 316 143 17 141 Regression
Samoa 86 0.0 1 0.0 17,221 1,854 15,940 573 7,937 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 70 0.0 0 0.0 2,964 1,847 1,229 111 1,325 Regression
Saudi Arabia 12,727 0.3 388 0.2 30,494 17,663 16,401 3,570 7,646 Regression
Senegal 4,844 0.1 12 0.0 2,410 1,343 1,188 121 997 Regression
Serbia 7,316 0.2 58 0.0 7,973 2,308 6,066 401 4,312 Regression
Seychelles 47 0.0 2 0.0 47,034 16,950 32,667 2,582 5,588 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,305 0.1 1 0.0 509 371 147 9 239 Regression
Singapore 3,079 0.1 403 0.2 130,996 82,676 80,014 31,693 56,383 HBS
Slovakia 4,030 0.1 77 0.0 19,204 7,605 14,112 2,513 14,544 Regression
Slovenia 1,579 0.0 87 0.1 55,040 22,144 37,783 4,887 40,111 Regression
Solomon Islands 223 0.0 1 0.0 4,131 1,346 2,885 101 1,957 Regression
South Africa 27,275 0.7 489 0.3 17,915 14,750 6,792 3,627 2,941 HBS
Spain 33,962 0.9 3,953 2.4 116,390 55,091 85,029 23,729 58,743 Regression
Sri Lanka 12,735 0.3 29 0.0 2,314 705 1,741 131 1,044 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 29 0.0 0 0.0 13,174 6,515 8,017 1,358 3,806 Regression
St. Lucia 98 0.0 1 0.0 7,347 2,995 5,385 1,033 2,909 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2004), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
66 0.0 1 0.0 7,656 1,634 7,899 1,877 2,726 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 18,293 0.5 32 0.0 1,724 779 979 34 788 Regression
Suriname 298 0.0 3 0.0 10,235 1,549 9,444 758 1,526 Regression
Swaziland 497 0.0 2 0.0 4,727 3,907 1,151 331 1,442 Regression
Sweden 6,855 0.2 1,373 0.8 200,318 92,218 146,492 38,391 35,062 Regression
Switzerland 5,750 0.1 1,826 1.1 317,586 246,383 156,329 85,127 60,246 HBS
Syria 9,314 0.2 41 0.0 4,421 898 3,628 105 2,038 Regression
Taiwan 17,544 0.4 1,886 1.1 107,521 77,238 52,218 21,934 47,709 HBS
Tajikistan 3,058 0.1 5 0.0 1,551 375 1,200 24 735 Regression
Tanzania 16,881 0.4 14 0.0 812 504 327 19 385 Regression
Thailand 44,718 1.1 174 0.1 3,894 1,848 2,838 792 1,093 Regression
Togo 2,762 0.1 4 0.0 1,428 596 873 41 583 Regression
Tonga 52 0.0 0 0.0 7,221 2,061 6,150 990 3,059 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 875 0.0 10 0.0 11,925 7,174 5,750 999 4,575 Regression
Tunisia 6,145 0.2 111 0.1 18,085 6,086 13,112 1,112 7,560 Regression
Turkey 43,373 1.1 915 0.6 21,102 6,762 15,431 1,091 6,164 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,645 0.1 54 0.0 20,263 2,047 18,295 79 8,355 Regression
Uganda 10,978 0.3 6 0.0 551 357 210 15 212 Regression
Ukraine 36,435 0.9 85 0.1 2,346 737 1,740 131 506 Regression
United Arab Emirates 2,889 0.1 336 0.2 116,401 66,456 65,860 15,915 46,715 Regression
United Kingdom 45,144 1.1 11,396 6.9 252,440 136,158 166,945 50,664 104,736 HBS
United States 215,453 5.4 53,193 32.0 246,887 182,073 116,005 51,191 40,361 HBS
Uruguay 2,272 0.1 29 0.0 12,631 3,479 9,659 507 3,183 Regression
Vanuatu 102 0.0 0 0.0 3,679 949 3,075 346 1,772 Regression
Venezuela 15,245 0.4 149 0.1 9,761 2,961 7,021 221 2,857 Regression
Vietnam 49,225 1.2 136 0.1 2,754 577 2,261 84 1,226 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,569 0.0 5 0.0 3,384 796 2,686 99 1,509 Imputation
Yemen 8,557 0.2 25 0.0 2,906 1,158 1,776 29 1,284 Regression
Zambia 4,955 0.1 5 0.0 938 761 205 29 281 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,690 0.1 9 0.0 1,604 1,509 144 49 678 Regression
Africa 427,994 10.8 1,792 1.1 4,187 2,309 2,229 352 667
Asia-Pacific 918,854 23.1 33,703 20.3 36,679 22,806 20,570 6,698 2,073
China 869,671 21.9 8,319 5.0 9,565 4,627 5,320 381 4,394
Europe 562,390 14.1 59,510 35.8 105,816 54,320 70,093 18,597 12,917
India 627,792 15.8 2,004 1.2 3,193 446 2,868 121 830
Latin America 330,647 8.3 4,058 2.4 12,273 4,766 8,594 1,087 2,944
North America 239,652 6.0 56,943 34.2 237,609 174,591 112,334 49,316 40,775
World 3,977,000 100.0 166,329 100.0 41,823 25,198 24,004 7,380 2,666

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 50

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2005)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 1,974 0.0 22 0.0 11,099 2,296 9,185 383 6,081 Regression
Algeria 19,377 0.5 173 0.1 8,947 2,009 7,078 139 4,345 Regression
Angola 7,115 0.2 40 0.0 5,600 2,351 3,365 116 2,208 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 57 0.0 1 0.0 22,768 6,188 20,018 3,437 7,147 Regression
Argentina 25,260 0.6 353 0.2 13,975 4,745 9,505 274 4,533 Regression
Armenia 2,073 0.1 9 0.0 4,570 742 3,924 97 2,116 Regression
Australia 14,972 0.4 3,066 1.8 204,778 84,544 165,809 45,575 104,139 HBS
Austria 6,423 0.2 954 0.6 148,511 69,045 103,529 24,063 51,785 Regression
Azerbaijan 5,277 0.1 24 0.0 4,590 807 3,828 45 2,655 Regression
Bahamas 208 0.0 9 0.0 44,931 18,061 33,743 6,873 8,515 Regression
Bahrain 467 0.0 23 0.0 50,050 30,868 26,986 7,805 25,729 Regression
Bangladesh 84,665 2.1 127 0.1 1,501 619 923 40 753 Regression
Barbados 187 0.0 4 0.0 21,955 11,862 13,139 3,046 6,543 Regression
Belarus 7,475 0.2 37 0.0 4,980 1,119 4,094 232 2,116 Regression
Belgium 8,015 0.2 1,696 1.0 211,622 118,465 112,660 19,503 123,514 Regression
Belize 145 0.0 2 0.0 11,269 3,403 8,776 910 3,208 Regression
Benin 3,599 0.1 7 0.0 1,976 873 1,165 62 795 Regression
Bolivia 4,727 0.1 10 0.0 2,192 550 1,949 307 745 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,858 0.1 29 0.0 10,192 2,489 8,633 930 3,879 Regression
Botswana 975 0.0 8 0.0 8,199 5,930 2,613 344 1,722 Regression
Brazil 117,428 2.9 1,224 0.7 10,422 5,492 7,204 2,274 2,466 Regression
Brunei 231 0.0 8 0.0 36,341 13,479 27,205 4,344 16,319 Regression
Bulgaria 6,164 0.2 58 0.0 9,444 3,023 7,217 795 3,708 Regression
Burkina Faso 5,942 0.1 5 0.0 836 489 385 37 329 Regression
Burundi 3,388 0.1 1 0.0 172 108 74 10 84 Regression
Cambodia 7,022 0.2 12 0.0 1,661 633 1,051 22 739 Regression
Cameroon 8,392 0.2 22 0.0 2,615 1,702 991 78 1,133 Regression
Canada 24,455 0.6 4,277 2.5 174,910 122,312 88,679 36,081 67,252 HBS
Cape Verde 230 0.0 3 0.0 13,800 4,473 10,117 790 4,889 Regression
Central African Republic 1,955 0.0 1 0.0 759 522 255 18 255 Regression
Chad 4,340 0.1 3 0.0 771 432 350 12 341 Regression
Chile 10,780 0.3 309 0.2 28,657 16,207 15,836 3,386 11,596 Regression
China 883,508 21.8 8,632 5.0 9,770 4,543 5,594 366 4,376 Regression
Colombia 25,622 0.6 268 0.2 10,470 2,085 9,243 857 2,803 Regression
Comoros 313 0.0 1 0.0 2,833 1,141 1,749 57 627 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 24,522 0.6 6 0.0 260 163 99 2 102 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,628 0.0 3 0.0 1,892 898 1,012 18 803 Regression
Costa Rica 2,655 0.1 34 0.0 12,973 4,142 9,437 606 3,357 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 9,246 0.2 30 0.0 3,195 1,963 1,321 90 1,190 Regression
Croatia 3,460 0.1 72 0.0 20,729 10,280 14,410 3,961 11,114 Regression
Cyprus 606 0.0 78 0.0 128,815 104,428 71,553 47,165 29,823 Regression
Czech Republic 8,032 0.2 174 0.1 21,654 11,743 15,019 5,108 7,063 HBS
Denmark 4,091 0.1 712 0.4 174,019 137,879 111,208 75,068 56,812 HBS
Djibouti 404 0.0 1 0.0 2,896 1,620 1,398 123 1,184 Regression
Dominica 45 0.0 1 0.0 12,022 3,511 9,420 908 3,480 Regression
Ecuador 7,479 0.2 71 0.0 9,447 1,337 8,713 603 3,379 Regression
Egypt 42,307 1.0 264 0.2 6,240 2,609 3,967 336 2,236 Regression
El Salvador 3,307 0.1 32 0.0 9,571 2,368 8,745 1,542 3,902 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2005), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 286 0.0 1 0.0 5,024 2,743 2,367 85 1,830 Regression
Eritrea 2,093 0.1 2 0.0 836 409 462 36 356 Regression
Estonia 1,034 0.0 22 0.0 20,967 12,876 13,589 5,498 7,806 Regression
Ethiopia 33,105 0.8 11 0.0 331 165 182 16 158 Regression
Fiji 474 0.0 3 0.0 6,625 2,417 4,755 548 2,316 Regression
Finland 4,013 0.1 550 0.3 136,994 52,372 106,457 21,835 69,505 Regression
France 45,862 1.1 9,537 5.6 207,955 81,303 152,031 25,379 106,760 HBS
Gabon 692 0.0 11 0.0 15,511 6,489 9,369 347 6,413 Regression
Gambia 722 0.0 1 0.0 850 440 436 26 297 Regression
Georgia 3,249 0.1 25 0.0 7,564 1,805 5,847 88 3,406 Regression
Germany 65,769 1.6 8,970 5.2 136,388 75,430 89,086 28,127 43,437 HBS
Ghana 10,841 0.3 18 0.0 1,663 922 793 51 704 Regression
Greece 8,868 0.2 904 0.5 101,917 39,143 73,857 11,083 50,236 Regression
Grenada 59 0.0 1 0.0 9,829 3,309 7,857 1,337 3,297 Regression
Guinea 4,235 0.1 5 0.0 1,078 621 471 14 467 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 703 0.0 0 0.0 267 161 109 3 107 Regression
Guyana 462 0.0 1 0.0 1,731 422 1,612 303 659 Regression
Haiti 4,763 0.1 12 0.0 2,469 162 2,369 62 774 Regression
Hong Kong 5,468 0.1 684 0.4 125,099 91,146 70,519 36,567 38,237 Regression
Hungary 7,879 0.2 185 0.1 23,452 11,431 15,412 3,391 13,277 HBS
Iceland 209 0.0 85 0.0 407,674 165,030 327,506 84,862 185,647 Regression
India 642,509 15.9 2,141 1.2 3,332 435 3,030 132 885 Regression
Indonesia 136,246 3.4 715 0.4 5,250 455 4,929 134 1,125 Regression
Iran 42,851 1.1 238 0.1 5,557 1,729 4,266 438 2,400 Regression
Ireland 3,032 0.1 524 0.3 172,934 107,369 120,251 54,687 56,537 Regression
Israel 4,275 0.1 449 0.3 104,916 88,946 32,352 16,382 31,235 HBS
Italy 47,451 1.2 9,054 5.3 190,807 87,787 120,184 17,164 106,747 HBS
Jamaica 1,573 0.0 19 0.0 12,176 3,195 10,036 1,055 4,372 Regression
Japan 103,298 2.5 18,143 10.6 175,634 125,840 81,745 31,951 77,327 HBS
Jordan 2,886 0.1 38 0.0 13,249 5,361 9,505 1,618 5,928 Regression
Kazakhstan 9,927 0.2 60 0.0 5,998 1,819 4,707 528 1,240 Regression
Kenya 16,268 0.4 22 0.0 1,359 924 505 71 539 Regression
Korea 35,362 0.9 2,149 1.3 60,782 39,541 39,318 18,077 25,594 Regression
Kuwait 1,869 0.0 155 0.1 83,124 43,785 50,815 11,476 27,999 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 2,998 0.1 9 0.0 2,888 740 2,168 20 1,439 Regression
Laos 2,837 0.1 6 0.0 2,076 618 1,475 18 1,022 Regression
Latvia 1,771 0.0 21 0.0 11,944 5,807 8,906 2,769 6,010 Regression
Lebanon 2,579 0.1 73 0.0 28,395 18,730 14,593 4,927 6,917 Regression
Lesotho 946 0.0 2 0.0 1,604 1,241 423 60 563 Regression
Liberia 1,529 0.0 1 0.0 567 240 334 8 273 Regression
Libya 3,540 0.1 80 0.0 22,689 4,395 18,542 247 5,224 Regression
Lithuania 2,570 0.1 36 0.0 14,143 5,641 10,151 1,650 7,193 Regression
Luxembourg 351 0.0 88 0.1 251,970 130,378 169,442 47,849 98,527 Regression
Macedonia 1,471 0.0 15 0.0 10,109 2,956 7,664 511 3,312 Regression
Madagascar 7,956 0.2 4 0.0 561 223 349 11 241 Regression
Malawi 5,866 0.1 2 0.0 420 281 147 8 166 Regression
Malaysia 15,082 0.4 225 0.1 14,945 9,375 8,877 3,307 3,760 Regression
Maldives 158 0.0 1 0.0 3,392 1,171 2,649 428 1,425 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 52

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2005), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 5,209 0.1 5 0.0 964 659 358 52 429 Regression
Malta 304 0.0 27 0.0 88,843 50,447 50,342 11,946 44,538 Regression
Mauritania 1,450 0.0 3 0.0 2,282 971 1,411 100 928 Regression
Mauritius 846 0.0 22 0.0 25,491 12,327 15,290 2,126 11,505 Regression
Mexico 62,929 1.6 1,600 0.9 25,422 10,683 15,577 838 7,524 Regression
Moldova 2,663 0.1 5 0.0 1,868 638 1,332 102 702 Regression
Mongolia 1,499 0.0 6 0.0 4,102 945 3,242 84 1,787 Regression
Montenegro 448 0.0 6 0.0 13,349 3,865 9,942 459 7,501 Regression
Morocco 17,967 0.4 169 0.1 9,379 3,882 5,963 466 2,406 Regression
Mozambique 9,471 0.2 6 0.0 650 427 248 25 263 Regression
Myanmar 30,048 0.7 18 0.0 599 7 594 3 257 Regression
Namibia 998 0.0 11 0.0 11,103 5,922 6,201 1,020 2,695 Regression
Nepal 13,672 0.3 18 0.0 1,323 486 864 27 514 Regression
Netherlands 12,330 0.3 1,852 1.1 150,197 142,342 64,374 56,519 64,106 HBS
New Zealand 2,920 0.1 833 0.5 285,258 142,990 187,153 44,886 116,950 HBS
Nicaragua 2,771 0.1 9 0.0 3,287 426 3,114 253 1,411 Regression
Niger 5,348 0.1 3 0.0 543 314 241 12 235 Regression
Nigeria 64,920 1.6 184 0.1 2,828 1,792 1,125 89 983 Regression
Norway 3,428 0.1 731 0.4 213,142 83,362 197,064 67,284 80,306 Regression
Oman 1,454 0.0 43 0.0 29,739 12,591 19,307 2,159 12,932 Regression
Pakistan 82,748 2.0 322 0.2 3,894 1,614 2,362 82 1,856 Regression
Panama 1,951 0.0 24 0.0 12,053 4,866 8,361 1,174 3,444 Regression
Papua New Guinea 2,998 0.1 8 0.0 2,669 1,240 1,468 38 869 Regression
Paraguay 3,146 0.1 13 0.0 4,157 601 3,773 216 1,399 Regression
Peru 16,112 0.4 155 0.1 9,637 1,729 8,463 555 2,447 Regression
Philippines 45,969 1.1 168 0.1 3,645 1,204 2,638 197 854 Regression
Poland 29,049 0.7 478 0.3 16,470 6,581 11,706 1,816 6,106 Regression
Portugal 8,306 0.2 621 0.4 74,787 47,312 47,610 20,135 33,952 Regression
Qatar 665 0.0 44 0.0 66,661 35,305 37,587 6,231 24,419 Regression
Romania 16,534 0.4 200 0.1 12,075 3,125 9,696 746 3,682 Regression
Russia 109,399 2.7 1,221 0.7 11,164 3,434 8,407 677 1,945 Regression
Rwanda 3,995 0.1 2 0.0 433 285 167 19 153 Regression
Samoa 85 0.0 2 0.0 18,103 1,977 16,769 643 8,341 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 72 0.0 0 0.0 2,536 1,590 1,090 143 984 Regression
Saudi Arabia 13,171 0.3 375 0.2 28,454 15,278 16,406 3,230 7,672 Regression
Senegal 4,997 0.1 12 0.0 2,367 1,332 1,161 126 979 Regression
Serbia 7,322 0.2 67 0.0 9,143 2,833 6,815 505 4,945 Regression
Seychelles 48 0.0 3 0.0 52,719 17,967 37,433 2,681 6,153 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,386 0.1 1 0.0 467 321 154 8 201 Regression
Singapore 3,150 0.1 418 0.2 132,774 85,914 77,565 30,705 58,838 HBS
Slovakia 4,067 0.1 76 0.0 18,655 7,352 14,417 3,114 13,618 Regression
Slovenia 1,591 0.0 82 0.0 51,632 20,634 36,020 5,022 37,632 Regression
Solomon Islands 231 0.0 1 0.0 4,256 1,307 3,059 110 2,017 Regression
South Africa 27,818 0.7 523 0.3 18,803 15,596 6,962 3,755 3,136 HBS
Spain 34,481 0.9 4,003 2.3 116,106 54,824 85,379 24,096 58,983 Regression
Sri Lanka 12,938 0.3 30 0.0 2,355 634 1,862 141 1,062 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 30 0.0 0 0.0 13,396 6,266 8,476 1,346 4,542 Regression
St. Lucia 101 0.0 1 0.0 7,361 2,898 5,597 1,133 2,929 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2005), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
67 0.0 0 0.0 7,448 1,457 7,712 1,721 2,352 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 18,807 0.5 35 0.0 1,877 781 1,143 48 858 Regression
Suriname 304 0.0 3 0.0 9,745 1,293 9,173 721 1,475 Regression
Swaziland 506 0.0 3 0.0 5,326 4,540 1,180 395 1,812 Regression
Sweden 6,897 0.2 1,342 0.8 194,547 89,159 140,503 35,114 34,373 Regression
Switzerland 5,803 0.1 1,715 1.0 295,524 229,480 141,768 75,723 56,061 HBS
Syria 9,803 0.2 46 0.0 4,670 897 3,904 132 2,152 Regression
Taiwan 17,682 0.4 1,989 1.2 112,470 82,994 54,225 24,749 45,175 HBS
Tajikistan 3,128 0.1 6 0.0 1,844 504 1,366 26 958 Regression
Tanzania 17,366 0.4 14 0.0 800 462 357 19 380 Regression
Thailand 45,471 1.1 241 0.1 5,303 3,720 2,867 1,283 1,528 Regression
Togo 2,855 0.1 4 0.0 1,367 563 845 41 516 Regression
Tonga 53 0.0 0 0.0 7,331 2,043 6,534 1,246 3,105 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 892 0.0 6 0.0 6,944 3,784 3,719 559 2,966 Regression
Tunisia 6,293 0.2 110 0.1 17,478 6,022 12,472 1,016 7,290 Regression
Turkey 44,361 1.1 1,078 0.6 24,304 7,996 17,792 1,484 6,414 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,717 0.1 65 0.0 23,776 2,336 21,557 117 9,799 Regression
Uganda 11,352 0.3 7 0.0 588 366 239 17 246 Regression
Ukraine 36,441 0.9 103 0.1 2,828 877 2,150 199 457 Regression
United Arab Emirates 3,036 0.1 369 0.2 121,672 69,039 70,547 17,914 43,758 Regression
United Kingdom 45,464 1.1 11,026 6.4 242,523 136,827 153,282 47,586 116,868 HBS
United States 217,973 5.4 59,664 34.8 273,719 198,713 130,903 55,897 44,695 HBS
Uruguay 2,278 0.1 33 0.0 14,494 3,244 11,809 560 4,021 Regression
Vanuatu 106 0.0 0 0.0 3,624 925 3,036 337 1,746 Regression
Venezuela 15,650 0.4 173 0.1 11,034 3,280 8,045 291 3,328 Regression
Vietnam 50,579 1.2 144 0.1 2,850 569 2,372 92 1,268 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,629 0.0 6 0.0 3,465 785 2,777 97 1,694 Imputation
Yemen 8,905 0.2 26 0.0 2,917 1,129 1,817 29 1,410 Regression
Zambia 5,052 0.1 6 0.0 1,129 877 286 34 312 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,703 0.1 5 0.0 888 822 98 32 375 Regression
Africa 440,338 10.9 1,865 1.1 4,235 2,319 2,271 356 679
Asia-Pacific 939,536 23.2 32,865 19.2 34,980 21,969 19,389 6,379 2,180
China 883,508 21.8 8,632 5.0 9,770 4,543 5,594 366 4,376
Europe 565,585 14.0 57,425 33.5 101,532 51,993 67,080 17,542 13,723
India 642,509 15.9 2,141 1.2 3,332 435 3,030 132 885
Latin America 337,593 8.3 4,685 2.7 13,877 5,724 9,492 1,339 3,365
North America 242,516 6.0 63,964 37.3 263,752 191,006 126,644 53,898 45,306
World 4,051,585 100.0 171,577 100.0 42,348 25,574 24,179 7,405 2,760

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2006)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,006 0.0 25 0.0 12,506 2,658 10,442 593 5,094 Regression
Algeria 19,977 0.5 207 0.1 10,339 2,516 7,986 164 5,018 Regression
Angola 7,354 0.2 61 0.0 8,245 3,664 4,809 228 3,040 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 58 0.0 1 0.0 23,309 6,160 21,123 3,973 6,543 Regression
Argentina 25,621 0.6 436 0.2 17,019 6,039 11,354 374 5,569 Regression
Armenia 2,099 0.1 13 0.0 6,113 1,074 5,179 140 2,831 Regression
Australia 15,184 0.4 3,702 1.9 243,776 103,351 194,664 54,240 114,018 HBS
Austria 6,474 0.2 1,105 0.6 170,687 81,143 117,142 27,599 59,505 Regression
Azerbaijan 5,397 0.1 34 0.0 6,387 1,076 5,390 79 3,364 Regression
Bahamas 212 0.0 10 0.0 47,543 19,607 35,801 7,866 9,207 Regression
Bahrain 478 0.0 28 0.0 59,277 38,671 32,233 11,627 30,462 Regression
Bangladesh 87,126 2.1 142 0.1 1,624 657 1,015 47 753 Regression
Barbados 188 0.0 4 0.0 22,996 12,431 13,992 3,426 6,089 Regression
Belarus 7,501 0.2 51 0.0 6,827 1,718 5,499 390 3,887 Regression
Belgium 8,065 0.2 1,973 1.0 244,611 140,699 127,788 23,876 122,671 Regression
Belize 150 0.0 2 0.0 11,516 3,259 9,115 858 3,294 Regression
Benin 3,732 0.1 10 0.0 2,736 1,207 1,620 91 1,189 Regression
Bolivia 4,847 0.1 12 0.0 2,560 563 2,326 330 871 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,885 0.1 30 0.0 10,505 2,426 9,128 1,049 3,999 Regression
Botswana 1,000 0.0 9 0.0 8,774 6,139 3,010 375 1,838 Regression
Brazil 119,905 2.9 1,571 0.8 13,101 6,472 9,299 2,670 3,108 Regression
Brunei 238 0.0 10 0.0 40,295 14,691 29,916 4,311 18,089 Regression
Bulgaria 6,154 0.1 79 0.0 12,914 4,639 9,448 1,172 5,071 Regression
Burkina Faso 6,152 0.1 6 0.0 1,009 594 463 48 431 Regression
Burundi 3,570 0.1 1 0.0 212 134 92 13 104 Regression
Cambodia 7,277 0.2 14 0.0 1,990 768 1,256 33 941 Regression
Cameroon 8,630 0.2 25 0.0 2,851 1,833 1,104 85 1,149 Regression
Canada 24,792 0.6 4,720 2.4 190,392 132,537 96,766 38,912 56,106 HBS
Cape Verde 238 0.0 4 0.0 15,471 4,597 11,881 1,006 6,161 Regression
Central African Republic 1,999 0.0 2 0.0 862 585 298 20 290 Regression
Chad 4,477 0.1 5 0.0 1,082 688 406 12 479 Regression
Chile 10,986 0.3 365 0.2 33,189 17,637 19,410 3,858 10,954 Regression
China 898,543 21.8 11,306 5.8 12,582 6,132 6,919 469 5,479 Regression
Colombia 26,214 0.6 314 0.2 11,976 2,280 10,621 925 3,035 Regression
Comoros 323 0.0 1 0.0 3,192 1,293 1,961 62 706 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 25,320 0.6 8 0.0 317 192 128 4 134 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,668 0.0 5 0.0 2,784 1,376 1,433 25 1,062 Regression
Costa Rica 2,731 0.1 41 0.0 14,877 4,702 10,954 779 4,168 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 9,474 0.2 34 0.0 3,565 2,217 1,446 98 1,426 Regression
Croatia 3,468 0.1 87 0.0 24,984 13,262 17,086 5,364 13,399 Regression
Cyprus 617 0.0 65 0.0 105,512 94,344 46,588 35,420 29,268 Regression
Czech Republic 8,086 0.2 239 0.1 29,588 14,719 19,033 4,164 12,943 HBS
Denmark 4,097 0.1 837 0.4 204,216 169,151 127,769 92,704 49,141 HBS
Djibouti 415 0.0 1 0.0 3,042 1,685 1,490 133 1,244 Regression
Dominica 45 0.0 1 0.0 13,843 3,593 11,240 991 4,703 Regression
Ecuador 7,620 0.2 84 0.0 11,003 1,665 10,079 741 3,675 Regression
Egypt 43,676 1.1 330 0.2 7,545 3,068 4,903 426 2,459 Regression
El Salvador 3,347 0.1 38 0.0 11,287 2,924 10,248 1,885 4,620 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2006), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 295 0.0 2 0.0 6,591 4,296 2,389 94 2,395 Regression
Eritrea 2,185 0.1 2 0.0 824 378 481 35 351 Regression
Estonia 1,040 0.0 32 0.0 30,337 21,875 17,546 9,083 16,022 Regression
Ethiopia 34,111 0.8 15 0.0 435 216 242 23 207 Regression
Fiji 480 0.0 3 0.0 7,147 2,724 5,068 645 2,915 Regression
Finland 4,036 0.1 636 0.3 157,670 63,498 122,107 27,936 63,506 Regression
France 46,204 1.1 11,801 6.0 255,408 99,267 187,347 31,206 90,155 HBS
Gabon 712 0.0 14 0.0 20,235 9,111 11,602 478 8,345 Regression
Gambia 743 0.0 1 0.0 914 487 459 31 363 Regression
Georgia 3,234 0.1 39 0.0 12,182 3,328 9,041 187 5,485 Regression
Germany 66,016 1.6 10,706 5.5 162,170 87,753 105,669 31,252 51,910 HBS
Ghana 11,153 0.3 23 0.0 2,064 1,210 924 70 874 Regression
Greece 8,913 0.2 1,055 0.5 118,334 47,060 86,559 15,284 59,338 Regression
Grenada 60 0.0 1 0.0 11,851 4,587 8,973 1,709 3,997 Regression
Guinea 4,336 0.1 5 0.0 1,049 546 516 14 495 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 718 0.0 0 0.0 434 290 151 6 151 Regression
Guyana 464 0.0 1 0.0 1,812 407 1,735 331 800 Regression
Haiti 4,893 0.1 15 0.0 3,121 233 2,956 69 1,037 Regression
Hong Kong 5,531 0.1 829 0.4 149,891 108,553 82,969 41,631 45,075 Regression
Hungary 7,885 0.2 226 0.1 28,682 14,554 18,644 4,515 16,245 HBS
Iceland 214 0.0 90 0.0 419,292 173,337 334,349 88,393 189,317 Regression
India 657,415 15.9 2,571 1.3 3,910 558 3,522 170 958 Regression
Indonesia 139,069 3.4 966 0.5 6,946 521 6,600 175 1,635 Regression
Iran 44,264 1.1 302 0.2 6,833 2,158 5,312 637 2,952 Regression
Ireland 3,104 0.1 623 0.3 200,654 133,565 138,899 71,810 89,699 Regression
Israel 4,361 0.1 502 0.3 115,019 96,366 37,034 18,381 33,987 HBS
Italy 47,742 1.2 10,734 5.5 224,825 101,519 144,056 20,750 127,326 HBS
Jamaica 1,590 0.0 22 0.0 13,960 3,801 11,526 1,367 5,032 Regression
Japan 103,602 2.5 18,294 9.3 176,585 126,130 82,019 31,565 78,049 HBS
Jordan 3,023 0.1 42 0.0 13,853 5,262 10,513 1,922 6,198 Regression
Kazakhstan 10,069 0.2 84 0.0 8,316 2,720 6,579 982 1,625 Regression
Kenya 16,799 0.4 29 0.0 1,739 1,178 655 93 630 Regression
Korea 35,759 0.9 2,612 1.3 73,040 46,075 48,506 21,541 34,310 Regression
Kuwait 1,930 0.0 192 0.1 99,362 54,531 58,686 13,856 37,492 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,066 0.1 12 0.0 3,895 1,061 2,870 36 1,941 Regression
Laos 2,920 0.1 8 0.0 2,677 692 2,005 20 1,318 Regression
Latvia 1,776 0.0 28 0.0 15,539 8,697 12,240 5,398 5,591 Regression
Lebanon 2,632 0.1 81 0.0 30,900 20,893 15,433 5,426 7,788 Regression
Lesotho 963 0.0 2 0.0 1,840 1,444 466 70 549 Regression
Liberia 1,598 0.0 2 0.0 1,029 453 595 19 442 Regression
Libya 3,649 0.1 105 0.1 28,750 5,579 23,461 290 7,094 Regression
Lithuania 2,571 0.1 43 0.0 16,868 7,798 12,365 3,296 8,582 Regression
Luxembourg 355 0.0 93 0.0 260,290 123,645 186,078 49,433 102,480 Regression
Macedonia 1,484 0.0 18 0.0 11,851 3,601 8,949 699 3,882 Regression
Madagascar 8,207 0.2 5 0.0 563 228 346 10 228 Regression
Malawi 6,019 0.1 3 0.0 476 315 172 10 199 Regression
Malaysia 15,485 0.4 277 0.1 17,916 11,007 10,599 3,690 4,287 Regression
Maldives 164 0.0 1 0.0 3,951 1,281 3,118 448 1,660 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2006), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 5,352 0.1 5 0.0 932 622 357 47 450 Regression
Malta 308 0.0 30 0.0 98,444 58,109 55,166 14,832 49,426 Regression
Mauritania 1,498 0.0 3 0.0 1,988 743 1,377 132 808 Regression
Mauritius 857 0.0 24 0.0 28,496 13,905 17,118 2,528 11,333 Regression
Mexico 64,184 1.6 1,885 1.0 29,366 12,696 17,770 1,100 9,508 Regression
Moldova 2,661 0.1 6 0.0 2,400 902 1,648 150 901 Regression
Mongolia 1,546 0.0 8 0.0 5,100 1,143 4,074 116 2,221 Regression
Montenegro 449 0.0 7 0.0 16,616 5,202 12,610 1,197 6,636 Regression
Morocco 18,405 0.4 199 0.1 10,797 4,445 6,928 577 2,770 Regression
Mozambique 9,700 0.2 7 0.0 747 509 269 31 274 Regression
Myanmar 30,537 0.7 23 0.0 749 8 744 4 348 Regression
Namibia 1,027 0.0 13 0.0 13,071 6,906 7,354 1,189 3,161 Regression
Nepal 14,079 0.3 23 0.0 1,658 623 1,072 37 645 Regression
Netherlands 12,399 0.3 2,173 1.1 175,232 167,214 76,085 68,067 89,365 HBS
New Zealand 2,960 0.1 977 0.5 330,129 170,758 211,458 52,087 110,567 HBS
Nicaragua 2,843 0.1 11 0.0 3,781 505 3,614 338 1,505 Regression
Niger 5,525 0.1 4 0.0 752 434 335 18 325 Regression
Nigeria 66,732 1.6 238 0.1 3,573 2,253 1,432 112 1,290 Regression
Norway 3,461 0.1 840 0.4 242,719 99,054 224,270 80,605 126,768 Regression
Oman 1,502 0.0 57 0.0 38,030 17,082 23,754 2,806 15,152 Regression
Pakistan 85,458 2.1 388 0.2 4,539 1,814 2,828 103 2,358 Regression
Panama 1,996 0.0 27 0.0 13,712 5,549 9,572 1,409 3,962 Regression
Papua New Guinea 3,084 0.1 9 0.0 3,022 1,478 1,593 49 984 Regression
Paraguay 3,238 0.1 17 0.0 5,280 673 4,884 277 1,954 Regression
Peru 16,438 0.4 182 0.1 11,080 2,001 9,682 603 2,813 Regression
Philippines 47,229 1.1 218 0.1 4,613 1,516 3,355 257 1,198 Regression
Poland 29,280 0.7 586 0.3 20,028 8,854 13,773 2,600 7,652 Regression
Portugal 8,369 0.2 728 0.4 86,941 56,005 55,391 24,456 39,669 Regression
Qatar 762 0.0 69 0.0 90,842 48,157 52,979 10,295 33,212 Regression
Romania 16,583 0.4 250 0.1 15,060 4,967 11,654 1,561 6,070 Regression
Russia 109,832 2.7 1,778 0.9 16,193 5,022 12,345 1,174 3,782 Regression
Rwanda 4,156 0.1 2 0.0 587 388 224 25 188 Regression
Samoa 85 0.0 2 0.0 20,882 2,116 19,589 823 9,619 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 74 0.0 0 0.0 2,410 1,483 1,079 152 934 Regression
Saudi Arabia 13,602 0.3 479 0.2 35,249 19,558 19,499 3,808 9,509 Regression
Senegal 5,155 0.1 14 0.0 2,798 1,584 1,364 150 1,257 Regression
Serbia 7,341 0.2 77 0.0 10,431 3,309 7,771 649 5,642 Regression
Seychelles 49 0.0 3 0.0 53,827 17,887 38,623 2,682 4,988 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,459 0.1 1 0.0 541 368 183 10 254 Regression
Singapore 3,244 0.1 508 0.3 156,541 100,884 87,940 32,284 71,247 HBS
Slovakia 4,103 0.1 83 0.0 20,132 7,948 17,241 5,057 15,247 Regression
Slovenia 1,602 0.0 98 0.0 61,127 25,902 41,804 6,580 44,557 Regression
Solomon Islands 239 0.0 1 0.0 4,996 1,533 3,613 150 2,367 Regression
South Africa 28,350 0.7 651 0.3 22,960 19,896 7,481 4,418 3,887 HBS
Spain 34,938 0.8 4,856 2.5 138,981 70,095 100,335 31,449 64,642 Regression
Sri Lanka 13,141 0.3 38 0.0 2,881 821 2,245 185 1,299 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 30 0.0 1 0.0 17,474 9,558 10,114 2,199 5,988 Regression
St. Lucia 103 0.0 1 0.0 9,000 4,162 6,678 1,840 3,100 Regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 57

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2006), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
68 0.0 1 0.0 8,787 1,683 9,317 2,212 2,787 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 19,355 0.5 50 0.0 2,575 1,040 1,620 86 1,279 Regression
Suriname 309 0.0 3 0.0 10,822 1,416 10,191 785 1,663 Regression
Swaziland 518 0.0 3 0.0 6,251 5,440 1,307 495 1,905 Regression
Sweden 6,941 0.2 1,547 0.8 222,876 112,282 155,247 44,653 39,731 Regression
Switzerland 5,849 0.1 1,985 1.0 339,475 262,997 160,758 84,280 62,661 HBS
Syria 10,335 0.3 58 0.0 5,603 1,077 4,690 165 2,786 Regression
Taiwan 17,831 0.4 2,155 1.1 120,860 88,574 57,243 24,957 53,425 HBS
Tajikistan 3,212 0.1 8 0.0 2,544 651 1,931 38 1,322 Regression
Tanzania 17,874 0.4 17 0.0 938 559 405 26 445 Regression
Thailand 46,127 1.1 206 0.1 4,471 1,923 3,449 901 1,319 Regression
Togo 2,951 0.1 6 0.0 1,894 778 1,176 60 773 Regression
Tonga 54 0.0 0 0.0 8,403 2,443 7,313 1,353 4,020 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 908 0.0 12 0.0 13,611 7,826 6,991 1,206 5,841 Regression
Tunisia 6,444 0.2 128 0.1 19,888 6,806 14,234 1,152 8,277 Regression
Turkey 45,310 1.1 1,308 0.7 28,871 10,597 20,225 1,950 8,137 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,791 0.1 81 0.0 28,862 2,658 26,326 123 11,890 Regression
Uganda 11,744 0.3 9 0.0 780 495 308 24 300 Regression
Ukraine 36,444 0.9 155 0.1 4,263 1,527 3,145 409 685 Regression
United Arab Emirates 3,168 0.1 428 0.2 135,068 74,891 84,143 23,967 48,339 Regression
United Kingdom 45,794 1.1 13,688 7.0 298,906 167,806 191,744 60,644 143,759 HBS
United States 220,521 5.3 64,261 32.7 291,403 218,228 134,142 60,966 47,522 HBS
Uruguay 2,287 0.1 44 0.0 19,018 5,019 14,769 770 4,959 Regression
Vanuatu 109 0.0 0 0.0 3,924 968 3,315 358 1,890 Regression
Venezuela 16,065 0.4 247 0.1 15,347 4,810 11,061 524 5,150 Regression
Vietnam 51,969 1.3 191 0.1 3,677 973 2,825 121 1,636 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,692 0.0 7 0.0 4,363 947 3,541 126 1,946 Imputation
Yemen 9,265 0.2 32 0.0 3,410 1,260 2,185 35 1,507 Regression
Zambia 5,161 0.1 7 0.0 1,357 1,009 410 62 375 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,719 0.1 6 0.0 1,098 1,017 122 42 428 Regression
Africa 453,050 11.0 2,317 1.2 5,115 2,863 2,677 425 823
Asia-Pacific 960,345 23.3 35,895 18.3 37,377 22,941 21,108 6,672 2,593
China 898,543 21.8 11,306 5.8 12,582 6,132 6,919 469 5,479
Europe 568,744 13.8 69,519 35.4 122,232 62,664 81,038 21,470 17,319
India 657,415 15.9 2,571 1.3 3,910 558 3,522 170 958
Latin America 344,527 8.3 5,732 2.9 16,638 6,795 11,444 1,601 4,119
North America 245,400 5.9 69,005 35.1 281,195 209,568 130,365 58,738 48,346
World 4,128,025 100.0 196,345 100.0 47,564 28,734 27,141 8,311 3,329

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 58

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2007)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,038 0.0 30 0.0 14,865 3,220 12,537 891 8,146 Regression
Algeria 20,570 0.5 255 0.1 12,380 3,221 9,359 200 6,004 Regression
Angola 7,598 0.2 88 0.0 11,559 6,175 5,736 352 4,539 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 59 0.0 1 0.0 24,843 7,348 21,539 4,044 7,952 Regression
Argentina 25,990 0.6 568 0.3 21,846 8,046 14,330 529 6,738 Regression
Armenia 2,125 0.1 19 0.0 8,949 1,564 7,681 296 4,145 Regression
Australia 15,391 0.4 4,669 2.1 303,337 136,097 235,197 67,957 154,768 HBS
Austria 6,521 0.2 1,297 0.6 198,939 94,664 136,570 32,295 53,551 Regression
Azerbaijan 5,524 0.1 49 0.0 8,952 1,701 7,381 131 5,178 Regression
Bahamas 216 0.0 11 0.0 52,178 23,274 36,893 7,989 10,328 Regression
Bahrain 489 0.0 35 0.0 70,740 50,234 36,027 15,521 31,598 Regression
Bangladesh 89,588 2.1 173 0.1 1,926 813 1,167 54 966 Regression
Barbados 190 0.0 5 0.0 25,436 14,229 14,463 3,256 6,800 Regression
Belarus 7,527 0.2 70 0.0 9,362 2,547 7,427 613 3,978 Regression
Belgium 8,116 0.2 2,283 1.0 281,250 157,924 152,396 29,069 141,291 Regression
Belize 155 0.0 2 0.0 12,953 4,088 9,848 983 4,209 Regression
Benin 3,867 0.1 15 0.0 3,874 1,984 2,039 149 1,558 Regression
Bolivia 4,971 0.1 16 0.0 3,222 795 2,817 390 1,205 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,909 0.1 40 0.0 13,686 3,198 12,020 1,531 5,210 Regression
Botswana 1,028 0.0 17 0.0 16,138 11,624 5,180 666 3,589 Regression
Brazil 122,317 2.9 2,092 0.9 17,106 9,084 11,803 3,781 3,825 Regression
Brunei 244 0.0 11 0.0 44,057 15,551 33,206 4,700 19,771 Regression
Bulgaria 6,141 0.1 113 0.1 18,454 8,139 12,248 1,933 7,247 Regression
Burkina Faso 6,359 0.2 9 0.0 1,480 976 583 78 582 Regression
Burundi 3,762 0.1 1 0.0 251 176 93 17 123 Regression
Cambodia 7,529 0.2 18 0.0 2,325 861 1,518 54 1,099 Regression
Cameroon 8,872 0.2 31 0.0 3,442 2,243 1,297 98 1,386 Regression
Canada 25,122 0.6 5,901 2.7 234,888 162,026 122,716 49,854 92,578 HBS
Cape Verde 246 0.0 5 0.0 18,391 5,489 14,086 1,183 6,486 Regression
Central African Republic 2,047 0.0 2 0.0 1,159 794 392 27 433 Regression
Chad 4,612 0.1 7 0.0 1,573 1,031 560 18 697 Regression
Chile 11,195 0.3 455 0.2 40,603 24,198 22,078 5,673 17,221 Survey data
China 914,596 21.7 15,222 6.9 16,643 8,512 8,720 589 7,008 Regression
Colombia 26,809 0.6 430 0.2 16,033 3,133 14,045 1,145 4,398 Regression
Comoros 332 0.0 1 0.0 3,632 1,431 2,272 71 803 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 26,148 0.6 9 0.0 347 228 123 4 136 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,706 0.0 6 0.0 3,704 2,134 1,601 31 1,412 Regression
Costa Rica 2,807 0.1 51 0.0 18,035 6,002 13,099 1,065 4,800 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 9,718 0.2 41 0.0 4,169 2,642 1,643 116 1,668 Regression
Croatia 3,475 0.1 111 0.1 31,940 18,306 20,762 7,128 12,482 Regression
Cyprus 629 0.0 81 0.0 128,884 116,933 57,612 45,660 36,845 Regression
Czech Republic 8,150 0.2 288 0.1 35,396 18,046 23,477 6,127 11,821 HBS
Denmark 4,105 0.1 962 0.4 234,356 194,965 152,936 113,545 76,848 HBS
Djibouti 428 0.0 1 0.0 3,325 1,906 1,569 150 1,359 Regression
Dominica 46 0.0 1 0.0 16,605 5,006 12,843 1,244 5,703 Regression
Ecuador 7,763 0.2 97 0.0 12,503 2,080 11,279 857 4,197 Regression
Egypt 45,098 1.1 459 0.2 10,182 4,497 6,199 514 3,253 Regression
El Salvador 3,389 0.1 46 0.0 13,518 3,866 11,832 2,180 5,128 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2007), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 305 0.0 2 0.0 8,131 5,189 3,077 135 3,320 Regression
Eritrea 2,270 0.1 2 0.0 1,004 477 562 35 427 Regression
Estonia 1,045 0.0 43 0.0 40,927 30,196 23,242 12,511 21,625 Regression
Ethiopia 35,168 0.8 21 0.0 589 296 318 25 306 Regression
Fiji 486 0.0 4 0.0 8,004 3,052 5,682 730 3,264 Regression
Finland 4,059 0.1 744 0.3 183,417 73,457 144,340 34,380 93,380 Regression
France 46,528 1.1 14,053 6.4 302,027 117,550 222,257 37,780 157,241 HBS
Gabon 732 0.0 18 0.0 25,045 11,166 14,598 720 10,303 Regression
Gambia 764 0.0 1 0.0 1,233 625 654 45 430 Regression
Georgia 3,219 0.1 48 0.0 14,956 4,182 11,083 309 6,094 Regression
Germany 66,258 1.6 12,658 5.7 191,034 101,309 124,070 34,344 61,464 HBS
Ghana 11,468 0.3 29 0.0 2,499 1,531 1,066 98 1,091 Regression
Greece 8,951 0.2 1,224 0.6 136,751 55,108 102,159 20,516 77,536 Regression
Grenada 61 0.0 1 0.0 14,508 5,858 10,877 2,227 5,713 Regression
Guinea 4,444 0.1 6 0.0 1,448 604 873 28 627 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 732 0.0 0 0.0 518 361 166 9 181 Regression
Guyana 465 0.0 1 0.0 2,684 621 2,551 488 1,186 Regression
Haiti 5,023 0.1 18 0.0 3,576 255 3,394 73 1,189 Regression
Hong Kong 5,591 0.1 1,042 0.5 186,456 140,215 94,927 48,687 49,740 Regression
Hungary 7,891 0.2 271 0.1 34,296 18,055 22,247 6,007 14,430 HBS
Iceland 220 0.0 115 0.1 523,094 229,303 410,218 116,427 166,031 Regression
India 672,500 16.0 3,434 1.6 5,106 733 4,604 230 1,270 Regression
Indonesia 141,862 3.4 1,272 0.6 8,970 850 8,351 232 1,942 Regression
Iran 45,726 1.1 405 0.2 8,853 2,783 6,978 908 3,824 Regression
Ireland 3,173 0.1 707 0.3 222,823 145,795 166,098 89,071 99,717 Regression
Israel 4,447 0.1 637 0.3 143,173 124,306 41,632 22,765 41,966 HBS
Italy 48,012 1.1 12,491 5.7 260,171 114,283 170,792 24,904 126,140 HBS
Jamaica 1,605 0.0 27 0.0 16,621 4,946 13,513 1,838 6,013 Regression
Japan 103,829 2.5 18,384 8.3 177,062 123,554 85,612 32,104 78,559 HBS
Jordan 3,173 0.1 59 0.0 18,460 7,835 13,048 2,423 9,018 Regression
Kazakhstan 10,213 0.2 125 0.1 12,287 4,766 9,191 1,670 2,698 Regression
Kenya 17,342 0.4 40 0.0 2,324 1,606 835 117 921 Regression
Korea 36,124 0.9 3,002 1.4 83,110 50,867 55,728 23,485 34,385 Regression
Kuwait 1,985 0.0 274 0.1 138,183 87,150 69,510 18,477 52,240 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,138 0.1 17 0.0 5,458 1,425 4,106 73 2,506 Regression
Laos 3,009 0.1 11 0.0 3,570 1,100 2,497 27 1,758 Regression
Latvia 1,782 0.0 33 0.0 18,658 9,435 17,787 8,564 9,393 Regression
Lebanon 2,680 0.1 96 0.0 35,946 24,690 17,731 6,474 7,958 Regression
Lesotho 980 0.0 2 0.0 2,348 1,881 561 94 824 Regression
Liberia 1,677 0.0 4 0.0 2,577 1,222 1,414 59 1,240 Regression
Libya 3,752 0.1 152 0.1 40,616 8,862 32,138 384 9,945 Regression
Lithuania 2,568 0.1 55 0.0 21,227 10,183 16,495 5,450 7,842 Regression
Luxembourg 360 0.0 107 0.0 298,056 146,824 214,855 63,623 118,143 Regression
Macedonia 1,497 0.0 22 0.0 15,002 4,673 11,369 1,040 4,915 Regression
Madagascar 8,475 0.2 5 0.0 635 228 419 12 257 Regression
Malawi 6,178 0.1 4 0.0 637 460 190 12 266 Regression
Malaysia 15,893 0.4 373 0.2 23,493 14,824 13,201 4,532 6,139 Regression
Maldives 171 0.0 1 0.0 4,639 1,519 3,685 565 2,128 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2007), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 5,497 0.1 7 0.0 1,223 827 460 64 545 Regression
Malta 311 0.0 35 0.0 112,731 65,868 64,772 17,909 64,949 Regression
Mauritania 1,546 0.0 4 0.0 2,455 1,305 1,357 207 998 Regression
Mauritius 867 0.0 29 0.0 33,305 16,188 20,097 2,980 14,902 Regression
Mexico 65,437 1.6 2,124 1.0 32,462 13,674 20,069 1,282 9,985 Regression
Moldova 2,665 0.1 9 0.0 3,560 1,600 2,214 255 1,337 Regression
Mongolia 1,595 0.0 12 0.0 7,579 2,365 5,417 203 3,615 Regression
Montenegro 451 0.0 10 0.0 22,266 7,046 18,504 3,284 8,894 Regression
Morocco 18,841 0.4 249 0.1 13,236 5,769 8,249 782 3,396 Regression
Mozambique 9,932 0.2 9 0.0 935 653 319 37 343 Regression
Myanmar 31,033 0.7 31 0.0 997 10 993 6 428 Regression
Namibia 1,057 0.0 19 0.0 18,180 9,950 9,719 1,489 4,379 Regression
Nepal 14,498 0.3 29 0.0 2,006 822 1,229 45 806 Regression
Netherlands 12,472 0.3 2,527 1.1 202,622 194,174 88,665 80,217 87,507 HBS
New Zealand 2,999 0.1 1,130 0.5 376,686 189,060 251,158 63,532 126,931 HBS
Nicaragua 2,916 0.1 13 0.0 4,305 641 4,091 428 1,849 Regression
Niger 5,710 0.1 6 0.0 1,106 714 422 29 523 Regression
Nigeria 68,576 1.6 368 0.2 5,360 3,941 1,630 211 1,818 Regression
Norway 3,497 0.1 995 0.5 284,634 121,014 266,499 102,878 126,243 Regression
Oman 1,554 0.0 87 0.0 56,285 29,441 31,090 4,246 22,412 Regression
Pakistan 88,294 2.1 503 0.2 5,697 2,546 3,272 121 2,959 Regression
Panama 2,043 0.0 33 0.0 16,062 6,764 10,972 1,674 4,692 Regression
Papua New Guinea 3,171 0.1 13 0.0 4,209 2,265 2,017 73 1,370 Regression
Paraguay 3,332 0.1 24 0.0 7,106 906 6,641 442 2,639 Regression
Peru 16,765 0.4 226 0.1 13,502 2,814 11,493 806 3,427 Regression
Philippines 48,517 1.2 285 0.1 5,883 2,037 4,147 301 1,588 Regression
Poland 29,487 0.7 737 0.3 24,992 12,111 16,977 4,096 9,825 Regression
Portugal 8,422 0.2 856 0.4 101,671 66,194 65,295 29,819 46,625 Regression
Qatar 874 0.0 111 0.1 127,088 79,095 62,266 14,273 46,371 Regression
Romania 16,645 0.4 377 0.2 22,642 8,281 16,994 2,634 9,019 Regression
Russia 110,308 2.6 2,601 1.2 23,575 7,792 17,686 1,902 5,588 Regression
Rwanda 4,333 0.1 3 0.0 787 537 286 37 251 Regression
Samoa 86 0.0 2 0.0 23,964 2,572 22,229 836 9,770 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 75 0.0 0 0.0 2,383 1,479 1,053 149 924 Regression
Saudi Arabia 14,023 0.3 678 0.3 48,333 29,705 23,636 5,008 13,034 Regression
Senegal 5,317 0.1 18 0.0 3,436 1,906 1,717 187 1,543 Regression
Serbia 7,372 0.2 102 0.0 13,838 4,263 10,618 1,043 5,591 Regression
Seychelles 50 0.0 4 0.0 71,841 26,230 49,464 3,853 8,106 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,526 0.1 2 0.0 730 509 235 14 314 Regression
Singapore 3,358 0.1 660 0.3 196,692 118,823 113,529 35,660 82,286 HBS
Slovakia 4,138 0.1 101 0.0 24,307 10,222 21,214 7,130 17,743 Regression
Slovenia 1,613 0.0 122 0.1 75,914 33,705 51,280 9,072 49,200 Regression
Solomon Islands 247 0.0 2 0.0 6,543 2,185 4,562 205 3,100 Regression
South Africa 28,868 0.7 746 0.3 25,842 22,586 8,702 5,446 4,438 HBS
Spain 35,340 0.8 5,636 2.6 159,467 79,521 118,487 38,541 82,101 Regression
Sri Lanka 13,340 0.3 46 0.0 3,482 1,084 2,614 216 1,450 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 31 0.0 1 0.0 22,681 13,849 11,556 2,724 7,856 Regression
St. Lucia 105 0.0 1 0.0 10,503 5,241 7,630 2,368 4,220 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2007), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
68 0.0 1 0.0 10,516 2,278 10,910 2,671 3,793 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 19,933 0.5 68 0.0 3,409 1,525 1,988 104 1,693 Regression
Suriname 315 0.0 4 0.0 12,703 1,792 11,839 928 2,320 Regression
Swaziland 531 0.0 4 0.0 7,226 6,323 1,472 568 2,201 Regression
Sweden 6,987 0.2 1,758 0.8 251,601 121,880 181,824 52,103 47,520 Regression
Switzerland 5,887 0.1 2,261 1.0 384,037 289,356 187,384 92,703 70,887 HBS
Syria 10,901 0.3 81 0.0 7,413 1,767 5,956 310 3,686 Regression
Taiwan 17,954 0.4 2,299 1.0 128,024 92,809 60,661 25,446 51,225 HBS
Tajikistan 3,311 0.1 12 0.0 3,701 965 2,828 93 1,755 Regression
Tanzania 18,406 0.4 25 0.0 1,381 916 508 42 655 Regression
Thailand 46,700 1.1 252 0.1 5,389 2,544 4,050 1,205 1,629 Regression
Togo 3,051 0.1 8 0.0 2,660 1,278 1,480 98 1,086 Regression
Tonga 54 0.0 1 0.0 10,213 3,157 8,584 1,528 4,885 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 923 0.0 16 0.0 17,724 10,661 8,428 1,364 7,642 Regression
Tunisia 6,597 0.2 152 0.1 23,069 8,004 16,380 1,315 10,441 Regression
Turkey 46,225 1.1 1,676 0.8 36,247 13,443 25,474 2,670 10,009 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,869 0.1 93 0.0 32,561 3,469 29,246 155 14,607 Regression
Uganda 12,156 0.3 14 0.0 1,124 747 408 30 432 Regression
Ukraine 36,444 0.9 222 0.1 6,080 2,435 4,384 740 970 Regression
United Arab Emirates 3,285 0.1 565 0.3 172,025 103,826 100,257 32,058 61,219 Regression
United Kingdom 46,136 1.1 14,961 6.8 324,276 176,656 213,702 66,082 155,641 HBS
United States 223,089 5.3 64,530 29.3 289,255 227,205 126,446 64,396 40,290 HBS
Uruguay 2,300 0.1 54 0.0 23,465 6,324 18,052 910 6,223 Regression
Vanuatu 113 0.0 1 0.0 4,845 1,194 4,089 438 2,334 Regression
Venezuela 16,486 0.4 337 0.2 20,450 5,581 15,904 1,034 7,062 Regression
Vietnam 53,386 1.3 246 0.1 4,606 1,395 3,393 182 2,191 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,759 0.0 10 0.0 5,556 1,344 4,375 163 2,716 Imputation
Yemen 9,640 0.2 43 0.0 4,512 1,797 2,762 48 1,994 Regression
Zambia 5,282 0.1 13 0.0 2,489 2,066 503 80 689 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,742 0.1 9 0.0 1,572 1,496 138 61 613 Regression
Africa 466,119 11.1 3,009 1.4 6,456 3,758 3,231 534 1,095
Asia-Pacific 981,217 23.3 40,126 18.2 40,894 24,465 23,652 7,223 3,250
China 914,596 21.7 15,222 6.9 16,643 8,512 8,720 589 7,008
Europe 571,847 13.6 81,176 36.8 141,955 71,468 95,699 25,213 22,025
India 672,500 16.0 3,434 1.6 5,106 733 4,604 230 1,270
Latin America 351,435 8.4 7,129 3.2 20,286 8,558 13,922 2,194 5,168
North America 248,299 5.9 70,455 31.9 283,753 220,608 126,069 62,924 49,013
World 4,206,012 100.0 220,552 100.0 52,437 31,547 30,125 9,235 4,194

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 62

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2008)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,070 0.0 25 0.0 12,073 2,197 10,697 821 4,917 Regression
Algeria 21,155 0.5 205 0.1 9,700 1,888 7,970 159 4,341 Regression
Angola 7,850 0.2 96 0.1 12,181 5,426 7,256 501 4,469 Regression
Antigua and Barbuda 60 0.0 1 0.0 19,254 6,590 16,436 3,772 6,212 Regression
Argentina 26,364 0.6 498 0.3 18,898 5,685 13,677 463 5,865 Regression
Armenia 2,151 0.1 19 0.0 8,847 1,576 7,606 335 4,524 Regression
Australia 15,594 0.4 3,699 1.9 237,192 102,469 192,264 57,541 111,328 HBS
Austria 6,565 0.2 1,154 0.6 175,800 88,734 117,986 30,920 61,242 Regression
Azerbaijan 5,655 0.1 63 0.0 11,143 2,170 9,148 175 6,445 Regression
Bahamas 220 0.0 8 0.0 37,359 14,453 28,273 5,368 8,501 Regression
Bahrain 500 0.0 24 0.0 48,359 32,161 29,578 13,380 21,592 Regression
Bangladesh 92,047 2.1 146 0.1 1,582 572 1,057 46 794 Regression
Barbados 192 0.0 3 0.0 17,357 8,456 11,113 2,213 5,314 Regression
Belarus 7,549 0.2 70 0.0 9,231 1,969 7,959 697 3,923 Regression
Belgium 8,168 0.2 1,961 1.0 240,038 135,577 134,001 29,539 140,811 Regression
Belize 160 0.0 2 0.0 9,445 2,500 7,643 698 2,724 Regression
Benin 4,004 0.1 13 0.0 3,368 1,448 2,096 176 1,463 Regression
Bolivia 5,098 0.1 15 0.0 2,928 545 2,707 324 999 Regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,931 0.1 36 0.0 12,143 2,489 11,043 1,389 4,623 Regression
Botswana 1,056 0.0 12 0.0 11,749 7,625 4,679 556 2,447 Regression
Brazil 124,660 2.9 1,813 1.0 14,543 6,781 11,153 3,391 3,258 Regression
Brunei 251 0.0 11 0.0 42,858 14,912 32,666 4,720 22,111 Regression
Bulgaria 6,126 0.1 100 0.1 16,391 7,112 12,125 2,845 6,437 Regression
Burkina Faso 6,566 0.2 8 0.0 1,219 712 599 93 479 Regression
Burundi 3,956 0.1 1 0.0 195 123 91 20 95 Regression
Cambodia 7,782 0.2 17 0.0 2,239 697 1,596 54 1,058 Regression
Cameroon 9,120 0.2 26 0.0 2,853 1,637 1,333 116 1,149 Regression
Canada 25,451 0.6 4,489 2.4 176,375 117,291 102,251 43,167 70,292 HBS
Cape Verde 254 0.0 4 0.0 15,929 4,596 12,411 1,078 6,310 Regression
Central African Republic 2,098 0.0 2 0.0 877 552 347 22 295 Regression
Chad 4,746 0.1 6 0.0 1,174 689 503 19 474 Regression
Chile 11,407 0.3 346 0.2 30,342 15,866 19,155 4,679 13,108 Regression
China 931,039 21.7 12,746 6.7 13,690 5,692 8,520 522 5,550 Regression
Colombia 27,407 0.6 405 0.2 14,794 3,409 12,521 1,137 4,105 Regression
Comoros 341 0.0 1 0.0 2,892 1,000 1,955 63 751 Regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 27,008 0.6 7 0.0 260 158 108 6 102 Regression
Congo, Rep. 1,744 0.0 6 0.0 3,637 1,607 2,084 53 1,386 Regression
Costa Rica 2,883 0.1 49 0.0 16,948 5,101 12,987 1,140 4,562 Regression
Cote d'Ivoire 9,979 0.2 31 0.0 3,086 1,714 1,466 94 1,234 Regression
Croatia 3,482 0.1 102 0.1 29,176 18,058 18,875 7,757 15,653 Regression
Cyprus 639 0.0 90 0.0 140,244 95,860 93,577 49,193 47,849 Regression
Czech Republic 8,218 0.2 282 0.1 34,348 17,994 23,236 6,882 15,324 HBS
Denmark 4,114 0.1 835 0.4 203,063 165,005 153,004 114,945 49,021 HBS
Djibouti 440 0.0 1 0.0 2,703 1,351 1,482 130 1,254 Regression
Dominica 47 0.0 1 0.0 16,560 3,284 14,203 927 5,739 Regression
Ecuador 7,909 0.2 87 0.0 11,045 1,402 10,406 764 4,006 Regression
Egypt 46,532 1.1 394 0.2 8,463 3,036 5,825 398 2,849 Regression
El Salvador 3,436 0.1 38 0.0 10,955 2,534 10,061 1,640 4,518 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2008), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 315 0.0 6 0.0 18,803 10,924 8,476 597 7,654 Regression
Eritrea 2,350 0.1 2 0.0 936 368 611 43 398 Regression
Estonia 1,050 0.0 36 0.0 34,600 28,227 20,724 14,351 12,900 Regression
Ethiopia 36,282 0.8 21 0.0 568 244 350 26 295 Regression
Fiji 492 0.0 3 0.0 6,439 2,247 4,793 601 2,626 Regression
Finland 4,081 0.1 637 0.3 156,105 63,669 127,692 35,256 79,321 Regression
France 46,833 1.1 12,813 6.7 273,597 104,459 205,833 36,696 143,151 HBS
Gabon 753 0.0 15 0.0 20,046 7,473 13,024 451 8,219 Regression
Gambia 786 0.0 1 0.0 1,127 526 647 46 393 Regression
Georgia 3,205 0.1 53 0.0 16,679 3,782 13,318 422 7,508 Regression
Germany 66,485 1.6 12,115 6.4 182,219 92,802 121,464 32,047 58,900 HBS
Ghana 11,788 0.3 25 0.0 2,105 1,264 939 98 891 Regression
Greece 8,984 0.2 1,015 0.5 112,996 42,614 92,576 22,194 58,374 Regression
Grenada 62 0.0 1 0.0 11,549 3,983 9,413 1,847 3,936 Regression
Guinea 4,560 0.1 5 0.0 1,043 480 591 29 492 Regression
Guinea-Bissau 747 0.0 0 0.0 386 243 154 11 134 Regression
Guyana 466 0.0 1 0.0 2,648 559 2,536 447 1,011 Regression
Haiti 5,153 0.1 17 0.0 3,338 227 3,157 45 1,048 Regression
Hong Kong 5,651 0.1 709 0.4 125,413 86,121 74,802 35,510 36,346 Regression
Hungary 7,896 0.2 254 0.1 32,207 17,326 21,876 6,996 18,253 HBS
Iceland 226 0.0 67 0.0 295,983 111,280 240,067 55,364 131,112 Regression
India 687,785 16.1 2,615 1.4 3,803 484 3,489 171 868 Regression
Indonesia 144,622 3.4 1,127 0.6 7,790 558 7,431 199 1,849 Regression
Iran 47,196 1.1 356 0.2 7,535 1,439 6,727 631 3,529 Regression
Ireland 3,238 0.1 610 0.3 188,249 123,374 153,464 88,588 84,366 Regression
Israel 4,532 0.1 576 0.3 127,131 110,001 42,500 25,370 36,970 HBS
Italy 48,258 1.1 11,555 6.1 239,436 98,748 164,805 24,117 117,158 HBS
Jamaica 1,621 0.0 23 0.0 13,912 4,087 11,325 1,501 4,564 Regression
Japan 103,993 2.4 22,335 11.7 214,771 148,864 105,934 40,027 95,659 HBS
Jordan 3,327 0.1 48 0.0 14,298 4,728 11,369 1,799 6,397 Regression
Kazakhstan 10,355 0.2 85 0.0 8,238 2,559 6,611 931 1,830 Regression
Kenya 17,896 0.4 33 0.0 1,846 1,212 736 102 669 Regression
Korea 36,471 0.9 2,076 1.1 56,924 36,711 38,910 18,697 23,330 Regression
Kuwait 2,036 0.0 268 0.1 131,780 82,558 67,553 18,331 44,618 Regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,211 0.1 17 0.0 5,374 1,185 4,255 66 2,678 Regression
Laos 3,104 0.1 10 0.0 3,168 780 2,420 32 1,560 Regression
Latvia 1,789 0.0 29 0.0 16,405 9,071 16,229 8,895 8,261 Regression
Lebanon 2,724 0.1 75 0.0 27,390 16,851 16,136 5,597 6,227 Regression
Lesotho 997 0.0 2 0.0 1,833 1,444 469 80 643 Regression
Liberia 1,761 0.0 3 0.0 1,718 684 1,080 46 827 Regression
Libya 3,848 0.1 122 0.1 31,831 5,945 26,197 311 7,150 Regression
Lithuania 2,563 0.1 58 0.0 22,605 12,162 16,929 6,486 11,505 Regression
Luxembourg 365 0.0 108 0.1 296,726 171,068 197,642 71,984 118,261 Regression
Macedonia 1,509 0.0 20 0.0 13,178 3,330 10,933 1,085 4,317 Regression
Madagascar 8,757 0.2 5 0.0 526 168 368 10 226 Regression
Malawi 6,348 0.1 3 0.0 420 263 167 10 165 Regression
Malaysia 16,303 0.4 247 0.1 15,133 7,711 10,942 3,520 4,024 Regression
Maldives 177 0.0 1 0.0 4,176 831 3,760 416 1,755 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2008), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 5,644 0.1 6 0.0 1,001 603 473 76 483 Regression
Malta 315 0.0 33 0.0 103,517 62,673 59,845 19,001 52,110 Regression
Mauritania 1,594 0.0 3 0.0 2,151 974 1,427 250 874 Regression
Mauritius 878 0.0 25 0.0 28,652 11,625 20,290 3,263 11,280 Regression
Mexico 66,698 1.6 1,725 0.9 25,860 10,284 16,467 891 8,076 Regression
Moldova 2,674 0.1 10 0.0 3,614 1,491 2,379 256 1,837 Regression
Mongolia 1,643 0.0 12 0.0 7,099 1,721 5,572 193 3,387 Regression
Montenegro 456 0.0 10 0.0 21,307 6,502 17,970 3,165 8,512 Regression
Morocco 19,274 0.4 215 0.1 11,132 4,129 7,747 745 2,856 Regression
Mozambique 10,168 0.2 7 0.0 720 459 303 42 291 Regression
Myanmar 31,536 0.7 38 0.0 1,208 9 1,204 5 561 Regression
Namibia 1,089 0.0 16 0.0 14,684 7,497 8,289 1,102 3,519 Regression
Nepal 14,929 0.3 25 0.0 1,670 564 1,149 44 671 Regression
Netherlands 12,547 0.3 2,123 1.1 169,219 160,662 88,359 79,803 87,258 HBS
New Zealand 3,037 0.1 789 0.4 259,858 137,037 171,672 48,851 108,556 HBS
Nicaragua 2,989 0.1 10 0.0 3,220 369 3,125 274 1,282 Regression
Niger 5,905 0.1 5 0.0 920 521 433 35 397 Regression
Nigeria 70,453 1.6 273 0.1 3,880 2,523 1,614 257 1,192 Regression
Norway 3,536 0.1 830 0.4 234,642 91,755 227,242 84,355 143,265 Regression
Oman 1,608 0.0 64 0.0 39,586 16,043 26,998 3,455 17,182 Regression
Pakistan 91,227 2.1 436 0.2 4,774 1,726 3,143 94 2,480 Regression
Panama 2,090 0.0 31 0.0 15,021 5,499 11,100 1,577 4,063 Regression
Papua New Guinea 3,261 0.1 13 0.0 3,974 1,980 2,072 78 1,400 Regression
Paraguay 3,426 0.1 24 0.0 7,051 841 6,704 495 2,398 Regression
Peru 17,096 0.4 205 0.1 12,010 1,920 10,909 818 3,049 Regression
Philippines 49,830 1.2 255 0.1 5,127 1,515 3,805 193 1,342 Regression
Poland 29,670 0.7 661 0.3 22,271 10,108 16,894 4,731 8,974 Regression
Portugal 8,467 0.2 761 0.4 89,852 62,019 56,960 29,128 35,401 Regression
Qatar 990 0.0 121 0.1 122,592 75,738 61,168 14,314 50,591 Regression
Romania 16,709 0.4 272 0.1 16,277 6,196 13,241 3,159 6,361 Regression
Russia 110,755 2.6 2,186 1.1 19,735 2,739 18,376 1,380 3,565 Regression
Rwanda 4,517 0.1 3 0.0 622 390 277 45 199 Regression
Samoa 86 0.0 2 0.0 19,013 2,132 17,547 667 8,752 Regression
Sao Tome and Principe 77 0.0 0 0.0 2,111 1,167 1,078 134 943 Regression
Saudi Arabia 14,439 0.3 461 0.2 31,900 15,541 20,375 4,015 8,077 Regression
Senegal 5,485 0.1 16 0.0 2,844 1,453 1,557 165 1,277 Regression
Serbia 7,408 0.2 92 0.0 12,427 3,489 9,911 973 6,721 Regression
Seychelles 51 0.0 2 0.0 44,634 16,920 30,457 2,743 4,927 Regression
Sierra Leone 2,587 0.1 2 0.0 602 392 225 16 259 Regression
Singapore 3,481 0.1 663 0.3 190,389 110,412 115,784 35,807 90,909 HBS
Slovakia 4,171 0.1 96 0.1 23,057 11,430 19,791 8,164 17,463 Regression
Slovenia 1,623 0.0 112 0.1 69,102 31,213 47,380 9,491 50,380 Regression
Solomon Islands 254 0.0 2 0.0 6,212 1,727 4,683 198 2,611 Regression
South Africa 29,360 0.7 505 0.3 17,202 14,909 6,536 4,243 3,070 HBS
Spain 35,697 0.8 4,629 2.4 129,675 65,869 101,142 37,336 61,002 Regression
Sri Lanka 13,535 0.3 43 0.0 3,188 753 2,621 187 1,328 Regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 31 0.0 1 0.0 19,860 9,346 12,780 2,267 6,938 Regression
St. Lucia 107 0.0 1 0.0 9,855 3,044 8,438 1,627 3,424 Regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2008), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
69 0.0 1 0.0 8,223 1,519 8,491 1,787 2,976 Regression
Grenadines
Sudan 20,538 0.5 56 0.0 2,706 1,085 1,692 72 1,344 Regression
Suriname 320 0.0 4 0.0 12,130 1,688 11,306 863 1,916 Regression
Swaziland 547 0.0 2 0.0 4,041 3,280 1,155 394 1,230 Regression
Sweden 7,034 0.2 1,371 0.7 194,935 91,150 149,048 45,262 37,117 Regression
Switzerland 5,920 0.1 2,259 1.2 381,661 272,771 208,795 99,905 70,448 HBS
Syria 11,468 0.3 72 0.0 6,318 1,126 5,459 267 3,142 Regression
Taiwan 18,071 0.4 2,546 1.3 140,887 105,950 59,659 24,723 56,262 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 3,420 0.1 13 0.0 3,800 808 3,085 94 1,802 Regression
Tanzania 18,962 0.4 20 0.0 1,067 625 488 47 473 Regression
Thailand 47,211 1.1 210 0.1 4,446 1,870 3,553 977 1,164 Regression
Togo 3,153 0.1 7 0.0 2,338 933 1,522 116 954 Regression
Tonga 54 0.0 0 0.0 9,045 2,534 7,822 1,311 3,831 Regression
Trinidad and Tobago 938 0.0 11 0.0 11,683 5,802 6,778 897 5,057 Regression
Tunisia 6,751 0.2 128 0.1 18,897 5,757 14,242 1,102 7,824 Regression
Turkey 47,118 1.1 1,182 0.6 25,080 4,596 21,925 1,440 6,784 Regression
Turkmenistan 2,948 0.1 69 0.0 23,265 3,740 19,639 114 9,575 Regression
Uganda 12,589 0.3 11 0.0 861 502 392 33 360 Regression
Ukraine 36,432 0.9 145 0.1 3,981 1,363 3,270 652 614 Regression
United Arab Emirates 3,389 0.1 562 0.3 165,759 99,419 98,489 32,148 65,209 Regression
United Kingdom 46,485 1.1 9,621 5.1 206,982 115,507 139,893 48,418 99,162 HBS
United States 225,685 5.3 52,217 27.5 231,372 184,631 109,949 63,208 32,191 HBS
Uruguay 2,314 0.1 53 0.0 23,029 5,151 18,938 1,060 6,193 Regression
Vanuatu 117 0.0 0 0.0 3,993 580 3,700 286 1,924 Regression
Venezuela 16,911 0.4 352 0.2 20,792 5,148 16,620 977 7,346 Regression
Vietnam 54,818 1.3 241 0.1 4,395 984 3,594 183 1,956 Regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,829 0.0 9 0.0 4,887 946 4,077 136 2,180 Imputation
Yemen 10,029 0.2 44 0.0 4,383 1,479 2,952 48 2,118 Regression
Zambia 5,413 0.1 9 0.0 1,692 1,269 512 89 506 Regression
Zimbabwe 5,785 0.1 7 0.0 1,228 1,155 150 77 519 Regression
Africa 479,505 11.2 2,386 1.3 4,976 2,539 2,882 445 847
Asia-Pacific 1,002,110 23.4 40,301 21.2 40,216 24,215 23,352 7,351 2,774
China 931,039 21.7 12,746 6.7 13,690 5,692 8,520 522 5,550
Europe 574,777 13.4 69,240 36.4 120,464 58,568 85,091 23,195 19,052
India 687,785 16.1 2,615 1.4 3,803 484 3,489 171 868
Latin America 358,331 8.4 6,134 3.2 17,117 6,419 12,610 1,911 4,461
North America 251,224 5.9 56,726 29.8 225,798 177,806 109,169 61,177 38,973
World 4,284,770 100.0 190,148 100.0 44,378 26,081 27,065 8,768 3,338

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 66

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2009)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,103 0.0 22 0.0 10,343 1,882 9,164 703 4,212 Updated regression
Algeria 21,735 0.5 168 0.1 7,739 1,507 6,359 127 3,450 Updated regression
Angola 8,111 0.2 78 0.0 9,572 4,264 5,702 394 3,705 Updated regression
Antigua and Barbuda 60 0.0 1 0.0 18,322 6,271 15,641 3,590 5,810 Updated regression
Argentina 26,743 0.6 429 0.2 16,040 4,825 11,609 393 4,816 Updated regression
Armenia 2,177 0.0 11 0.0 5,199 926 4,469 197 2,408 Updated regression
Australia 15,797 0.4 4,575 2.2 289,592 127,079 240,287 77,773 147,655 HBS
Austria 6,607 0.2 1,250 0.6 189,261 95,929 126,742 33,410 65,739 Updated regression
Azerbaijan 5,786 0.1 61 0.0 10,504 2,045 8,624 165 5,531 Updated regression
Bahamas 224 0.0 8 0.0 35,972 13,916 27,224 5,168 6,971 Updated regression
Bahrain 513 0.0 18 0.0 34,529 22,963 21,119 9,553 17,705 Updated regression
Bangladesh 94,497 2.2 163 0.1 1,729 624 1,154 50 867 Updated regression
Barbados 194 0.0 3 0.0 16,951 8,259 10,854 2,161 4,490 Updated regression
Belarus 7,565 0.2 44 0.0 5,877 1,254 5,067 444 3,347 Updated regression
Belgium 8,218 0.2 2,205 1.1 268,327 157,761 142,918 32,352 157,130 Updated regression
Belize 165 0.0 1 0.0 9,010 2,385 7,291 666 2,578 Updated regression
Benin 4,144 0.1 14 0.0 3,368 1,448 2,096 176 1,353 Updated regression
Bolivia 5,229 0.1 16 0.0 3,048 567 2,818 337 1,038 Updated regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,949 0.1 34 0.0 11,600 2,378 10,550 1,327 5,984 Updated regression
Botswana 1,083 0.0 12 0.0 11,231 7,290 4,473 531 2,306 Updated regression
Brazil 126,935 2.9 2,848 1.4 22,434 10,459 17,172 5,197 4,926 Updated regression
Brunei 257 0.0 8 0.0 31,520 10,967 24,025 3,472 16,241 Updated regression
Bulgaria 6,108 0.1 96 0.0 15,688 8,769 11,036 4,118 6,160 Updated regression
Burkina Faso 6,779 0.2 8 0.0 1,205 704 592 92 474 Updated regression
Burundi 4,143 0.1 1 0.0 217 137 102 22 99 Updated regression
Cambodia 8,040 0.2 17 0.0 2,058 641 1,467 49 916 Updated regression
Cameroon 9,374 0.2 25 0.0 2,691 1,543 1,257 110 1,083 Updated regression
Canada 25,783 0.6 5,633 2.7 218,454 150,528 121,031 53,105 87,076 HBS
Cape Verde 262 0.0 4 0.0 16,375 4,724 12,758 1,108 6,405 Updated regression
Central African Republic 2,151 0.0 2 0.0 888 559 351 23 331 Updated regression
Chad 4,883 0.1 5 0.0 968 568 415 15 429 Updated regression
Chile 11,619 0.3 470 0.2 40,423 21,890 24,506 5,973 16,901 Updated regression
China 946,999 21.7 15,905 7.7 16,795 8,388 9,008 601 6,642 Updated regression
Colombia 28,010 0.6 485 0.2 17,327 4,676 14,280 1,629 4,507 Updated regression
Comoros 351 0.0 1 0.0 2,928 1,013 1,979 64 758 Updated regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 27,903 0.6 7 0.0 242 147 100 5 103 Updated regression
Congo, Rep. 1,786 0.0 5 0.0 2,944 1,300 1,687 43 1,248 Updated regression
Costa Rica 2,958 0.1 47 0.0 16,054 4,832 12,302 1,080 4,500 Updated regression
Cote d'Ivoire 10,256 0.2 31 0.0 3,031 1,575 1,550 93 1,128 Updated regression
Croatia 3,487 0.1 99 0.0 28,380 17,059 18,999 7,679 15,220 Updated regression
Cyprus 650 0.0 96 0.0 147,882 105,424 94,958 52,500 48,821 Updated regression
Czech Republic 8,281 0.2 315 0.2 38,062 21,123 25,048 8,108 12,430 HBS
Denmark 4,125 0.1 903 0.4 218,794 182,950 157,669 121,825 52,756 HBS
Djibouti 453 0.0 1 0.0 2,814 1,407 1,543 136 1,304 Updated regression
Dominica 47 0.0 1 0.0 16,462 3,265 14,119 922 5,594 Updated regression
Ecuador 8,059 0.2 92 0.0 11,413 1,449 10,754 789 4,104 Updated regression
Egypt 47,928 1.1 463 0.2 9,651 3,463 6,642 454 2,912 Updated regression
El Salvador 3,488 0.1 36 0.0 10,384 2,402 9,537 1,555 3,923 Updated regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 67

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2009), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 325 0.0 4 0.0 12,548 7,290 5,656 398 5,041 Updated regression
Eritrea 2,431 0.1 3 0.0 1,232 484 804 57 479 Updated regression
Estonia 1,054 0.0 35 0.0 33,413 28,817 18,938 14,342 17,648 Updated regression
Ethiopia 37,455 0.9 20 0.0 528 227 325 24 275 Updated regression
Fiji 498 0.0 2 0.0 5,007 1,747 3,727 467 2,042 Updated regression
Finland 4,104 0.1 661 0.3 161,067 70,555 130,337 39,825 80,185 Updated regression
France 47,122 1.1 13,311 6.5 282,486 117,141 205,841 40,497 147,112 HBS
Gabon 774 0.0 12 0.0 15,494 5,776 10,066 349 5,529 Updated regression
Gambia 808 0.0 1 0.0 971 453 557 40 339 Updated regression
Georgia 3,193 0.1 44 0.0 13,749 3,118 10,979 348 5,599 Updated regression
Germany 66,683 1.5 12,703 6.2 190,495 100,926 122,667 33,098 61,372 HBS
Ghana 12,115 0.3 20 0.0 1,636 982 730 76 715 Updated regression
Greece 9,012 0.2 1,065 0.5 118,223 45,952 95,694 23,423 66,523 Updated regression
Grenada 63 0.0 1 0.0 10,466 3,609 8,530 1,673 4,099 Updated regression
Guinea 4,685 0.1 5 0.0 982 452 557 27 425 Updated regression
Guinea-Bissau 762 0.0 0 0.0 444 280 177 13 155 Updated regression
Guyana 467 0.0 1 0.0 2,816 595 2,697 476 1,243 Updated regression
Haiti 5,284 0.1 16 0.0 3,100 211 2,932 42 972 Updated regression
Hong Kong 5,716 0.1 696 0.3 121,788 83,631 72,640 34,483 34,233 Updated regression
Hungary 7,902 0.2 266 0.1 33,725 18,141 22,634 7,050 14,186 HBS
Iceland 233 0.0 65 0.0 278,344 109,508 224,445 55,610 124,819 Updated regression
India 703,301 16.1 3,072 1.5 4,368 714 3,843 188 1,029 Updated regression
Indonesia 147,346 3.4 1,443 0.7 9,793 1,130 8,918 255 2,070 Updated regression
Iran 48,612 1.1 352 0.2 7,231 1,381 6,455 605 3,387 Updated regression
Ireland 3,298 0.1 633 0.3 191,800 134,233 145,592 88,024 63,013 Updated regression
Israel 4,618 0.1 747 0.4 161,722 142,752 43,746 24,776 52,672 HBS
Italy 48,481 1.1 12,508 6.1 258,004 106,811 174,820 23,626 147,196 HBS
Jamaica 1,637 0.0 17 0.0 10,550 3,099 8,589 1,138 3,438 Updated regression
Japan 104,112 2.4 22,133 10.7 212,586 151,643 99,129 38,187 107,442 HBS
Jordan 3,472 0.1 52 0.0 15,084 4,988 11,994 1,898 7,367 Updated regression
Kazakhstan 10,492 0.2 57 0.0 5,398 1,677 4,332 610 1,138 Updated regression
Kenya 18,457 0.4 37 0.0 2,008 1,318 801 111 727 Updated regression
Korea 36,819 0.8 2,484 1.2 67,471 45,603 43,167 21,300 30,506 Updated regression
Kuwait 2,086 0.0 181 0.1 86,896 54,439 44,545 12,087 32,620 Updated regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,285 0.1 14 0.0 4,232 933 3,351 52 1,943 Updated regression
Laos 3,202 0.1 10 0.0 3,274 806 2,501 33 1,471 Updated regression
Latvia 1,794 0.0 29 0.0 15,909 9,536 14,407 8,034 5,724 Updated regression
Lebanon 2,768 0.1 85 0.0 30,798 18,948 18,143 6,293 6,309 Updated regression
Lesotho 1,014 0.0 2 0.0 2,295 1,808 587 100 683 Updated regression
Liberia 1,844 0.0 3 0.0 1,534 611 964 41 738 Updated regression
Libya 3,940 0.1 84 0.0 21,324 3,983 17,549 208 4,971 Updated regression
Lithuania 2,557 0.1 52 0.0 20,249 12,098 14,416 6,264 10,302 Updated regression
Luxembourg 370 0.0 111 0.1 300,609 180,484 192,627 72,503 118,524 Updated regression
Macedonia 1,520 0.0 19 0.0 12,454 2,659 10,907 1,113 5,768 Updated regression
Madagascar 9,053 0.2 4 0.0 441 141 309 9 178 Updated regression
Malawi 6,530 0.1 3 0.0 461 289 183 11 192 Updated regression
Malaysia 16,716 0.4 339 0.2 20,259 11,755 11,588 3,084 5,050 Updated regression
Maldives 184 0.0 1 0.0 4,495 895 4,048 447 2,062 Updated regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 68

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2009), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 5,796 0.1 6 0.0 1,036 625 490 78 500 Updated regression
Malta 318 0.0 34 0.0 107,503 67,277 61,123 20,897 53,992 Updated regression
Mauritania 1,641 0.0 3 0.0 1,794 812 1,190 208 809 Updated regression
Mauritius 888 0.0 25 0.0 28,022 11,369 19,844 3,191 10,776 Updated regression
Mexico 67,980 1.6 2,048 1.0 30,129 13,286 17,743 900 9,314 Updated regression
Moldova 2,683 0.1 7 0.0 2,730 1,127 1,797 194 1,025 Updated regression
Mongolia 1,690 0.0 8 0.0 5,016 1,216 3,937 137 2,393 Updated regression
Montenegro 460 0.0 9 0.0 19,313 5,894 16,288 2,869 10,855 Updated regression
Morocco 19,702 0.5 225 0.1 11,416 4,323 7,911 818 2,929 Updated regression
Mozambique 10,410 0.2 8 0.0 733 467 308 42 296 Updated regression
Myanmar 32,048 0.7 38 0.0 1,178 9 1,174 5 547 Updated regression
Namibia 1,121 0.0 22 0.0 19,574 9,993 11,049 1,469 4,959 Updated regression
Nepal 15,373 0.4 26 0.0 1,724 583 1,186 45 671 Updated regression
Netherlands 12,623 0.3 2,399 1.2 190,069 185,206 90,015 85,152 97,203 Updated HBS
New Zealand 3,075 0.1 1,048 0.5 340,785 177,453 225,477 62,145 144,543 HBS
Nicaragua 3,066 0.1 9 0.0 2,952 338 2,865 251 1,175 Updated regression
Niger 6,108 0.1 6 0.0 901 510 424 34 426 Updated regression
Nigeria 72,368 1.7 203 0.1 2,802 1,822 1,165 185 766 Updated regression
Norway 3,576 0.1 1,106 0.5 309,185 117,408 298,615 106,838 137,162 Updated regression
Oman 1,664 0.0 57 0.0 34,139 13,836 23,283 2,979 14,784 Updated regression
Pakistan 94,215 2.2 420 0.2 4,457 1,611 2,934 88 2,315 Updated regression
Panama 2,137 0.0 34 0.0 15,728 5,757 11,622 1,652 4,545 Updated regression
Papua New Guinea 3,354 0.1 13 0.0 3,799 1,893 1,981 75 1,236 Updated regression
Paraguay 3,522 0.1 23 0.0 6,434 768 6,117 452 2,173 Updated regression
Peru 17,433 0.4 223 0.1 12,786 2,044 11,613 871 2,994 Updated regression
Philippines 51,169 1.2 295 0.1 5,771 2,049 3,916 194 1,564 Updated regression
Poland 29,830 0.7 763 0.4 25,591 11,999 18,812 5,220 10,216 Updated regression
Portugal 8,506 0.2 806 0.4 94,726 66,020 59,624 30,918 37,032 Updated regression
Qatar 1,094 0.0 101 0.0 92,297 57,021 46,052 10,776 33,352 Updated regression
Romania 16,758 0.4 291 0.1 17,368 7,912 12,614 3,157 5,077 Updated regression
Russia 111,075 2.5 2,183 1.1 19,658 3,303 17,571 1,216 3,304 Updated regression
Rwanda 4,697 0.1 3 0.0 666 418 296 48 235 Updated regression
Samoa 87 0.0 2 0.0 24,318 2,727 22,444 853 9,899 Updated regression
Sao Tome and Principe 78 0.0 0 0.0 2,055 1,136 1,049 131 917 Updated regression
Saudi Arabia 14,862 0.3 359 0.2 24,184 11,782 15,446 3,044 6,826 Updated regression
Senegal 5,659 0.1 16 0.0 2,750 1,405 1,505 160 1,234 Updated regression
Serbia 7,445 0.2 67 0.0 8,995 2,525 7,174 704 4,865 Updated regression
Seychelles 51 0.0 3 0.0 54,551 20,679 37,224 3,352 5,532 Updated regression
Sierra Leone 2,647 0.1 1 0.0 445 290 167 12 209 Updated regression
Singapore 3,603 0.1 777 0.4 215,737 133,159 120,252 37,673 90,753 HBS
Slovakia 4,202 0.1 96 0.0 22,811 12,551 19,838 9,578 16,651 Updated regression
Slovenia 1,632 0.0 118 0.1 72,538 34,652 48,155 10,269 47,009 Updated regression
Solomon Islands 263 0.0 2 0.0 6,100 1,696 4,598 194 2,564 Updated regression
South Africa 29,806 0.7 707 0.3 23,735 20,556 8,567 5,388 4,182 HBS
Spain 36,027 0.8 4,869 2.4 135,140 70,172 102,988 38,020 69,084 Updated regression
Sri Lanka 13,719 0.3 45 0.0 3,264 771 2,684 192 1,360 Updated regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 31 0.0 1 0.0 19,032 8,957 12,248 2,172 6,524 Updated regression
St. Lucia 110 0.0 1 0.0 9,534 2,945 8,163 1,574 3,813 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2009), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
69 0.0 1 0.0 8,002 1,478 8,264 1,739 2,874 Updated regression
Grenadines
Sudan 21,163 0.5 51 0.0 2,418 970 1,512 64 1,201 Updated regression
Suriname 326 0.0 4 0.0 11,615 1,616 10,826 827 2,090 Updated regression
Swaziland 563 0.0 3 0.0 5,331 4,328 1,523 520 1,620 Updated regression
Sweden 7,084 0.2 1,668 0.8 235,406 114,128 174,525 53,247 42,515 Updated regression
Switzerland 5,953 0.1 2,518 1.2 423,036 306,988 222,318 106,269 78,085 HBS
Syria 11,993 0.3 74 0.0 6,161 1,098 5,324 260 3,064 Updated regression
Taiwan 18,125 0.4 2,997 1.5 165,376 123,290 67,364 25,278 71,585 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 3,536 0.1 10 0.0 2,894 616 2,349 71 1,372 Updated regression
Tanzania 19,538 0.4 21 0.0 1,092 640 500 48 484 Updated regression
Thailand 47,697 1.1 280 0.1 5,879 2,728 4,175 1,024 1,481 Updated regression
Togo 3,257 0.1 8 0.0 2,323 927 1,511 115 947 Updated regression
Tonga 54 0.0 1 0.0 9,407 2,635 8,135 1,363 4,499 Updated regression
Trinidad and Tobago 951 0.0 9 0.0 9,055 4,497 5,253 696 3,886 Updated regression
Tunisia 6,903 0.2 126 0.1 18,299 5,575 13,791 1,067 8,155 Updated regression
Turkey 48,009 1.1 1,025 0.5 21,351 3,912 18,664 1,226 5,200 Updated regression
Turkmenistan 3,029 0.1 63 0.0 20,918 3,362 17,658 102 9,362 Updated regression
Uganda 13,044 0.3 12 0.0 928 541 423 36 387 Updated regression
Ukraine 36,396 0.8 90 0.0 2,486 851 2,042 407 353 Updated regression
United Arab Emirates 3,483 0.1 493 0.2 141,607 84,933 84,138 27,464 56,170 Updated regression
United Kingdom 46,837 1.1 11,745 5.7 250,758 143,440 159,842 52,525 119,439 HBS
United States 228,321 5.2 53,502 26.0 234,329 194,945 101,001 61,617 38,205 HBS
Uruguay 2,330 0.1 67 0.0 28,798 6,441 23,682 1,325 7,512 Updated regression
Vanuatu 121 0.0 1 0.0 4,588 666 4,250 328 1,957 Updated regression
Venezuela 17,335 0.4 373 0.2 21,523 5,330 17,204 1,011 7,307 Updated regression
Vietnam 56,249 1.3 238 0.1 4,229 947 3,458 176 2,012 Updated regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,901 0.0 10 0.0 5,392 1,130 4,412 149 2,406 Imputation
Yemen 10,433 0.2 40 0.0 3,832 1,293 2,581 42 1,852 Updated regression
Zambia 5,550 0.1 8 0.0 1,529 1,146 463 80 457 Updated regression
Zimbabwe 5,866 0.1 8 0.0 1,374 1,292 167 86 534 Updated regression
Africa 493,150 11.3 2,501 1.2 5,071 2,747 2,828 504 790
Asia-Pacific 1,022,897 23.4 42,405 20.6 41,455 25,481 23,432 7,457 2,846
China 946,999 21.7 15,905 7.7 16,795 8,388 9,008 601 6,642
Europe 577,369 13.2 75,352 36.6 130,510 66,213 88,925 24,628 19,576
India 703,301 16.1 3,072 1.5 4,368 714 3,843 188 1,029
Latin America 365,223 8.4 7,762 3.8 21,253 8,609 15,301 2,656 5,406
North America 254,192 5.8 59,155 28.7 232,718 190,438 103,033 60,753 40,292
World 4,363,132 100.0 206,152 100.0 47,249 28,797 27,438 8,987 3,649

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 70

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2010)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,136 0.0 20 0.0 9,221 1,678 8,171 627 3,755 Updated regression
Algeria 22,308 0.5 188 0.1 8,410 1,637 6,911 138 3,732 Updated regression
Angola 8,385 0.2 90 0.0 10,792 4,807 6,428 444 4,121 Updated regression
Antigua and Barbuda 60 0.0 1 0.0 16,995 5,817 14,508 3,330 5,280 Updated regression
Argentina 27,122 0.6 503 0.2 18,541 5,577 13,419 455 5,735 Updated regression
Armenia 2,201 0.0 12 0.0 5,446 970 4,682 206 2,785 Updated regression
Australia 16,001 0.4 5,389 2.5 336,808 138,767 283,614 85,574 157,267 HBS
Austria 6,648 0.1 1,221 0.6 183,713 92,307 123,669 32,263 49,103 Updated regression
Azerbaijan 5,915 0.1 78 0.0 13,128 2,556 10,778 207 7,589 Updated regression
Bahamas 228 0.0 8 0.0 36,556 14,142 27,666 5,252 6,771 Updated regression
Bahrain 526 0.0 19 0.0 36,338 24,167 22,226 10,054 16,169 Updated regression
Bangladesh 96,933 2.2 186 0.1 1,921 694 1,283 56 964 Updated regression
Barbados 195 0.0 4 0.0 18,677 9,099 11,958 2,381 5,509 Updated regression
Belarus 7,573 0.2 48 0.0 6,381 1,361 5,501 482 2,712 Updated regression
Belgium 8,266 0.2 2,121 1.0 256,556 149,845 138,365 31,654 149,962 Updated regression
Belize 170 0.0 2 0.0 9,263 2,452 7,495 684 2,967 Updated regression
Benin 4,286 0.1 13 0.0 3,018 1,297 1,878 158 1,308 Updated regression
Bolivia 5,365 0.1 18 0.0 3,286 611 3,038 363 1,115 Updated regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,963 0.1 32 0.0 10,822 2,219 9,842 1,238 5,582 Updated regression
Botswana 1,110 0.0 15 0.0 13,116 8,513 5,223 620 2,821 Updated regression
Brazil 129,146 2.9 3,181 1.5 24,630 11,483 18,853 5,706 5,283 Updated regression
Brunei 264 0.0 10 0.0 38,365 13,349 29,242 4,226 19,731 Updated regression
Bulgaria 6,085 0.1 93 0.0 15,358 7,833 10,167 2,641 6,029 Updated regression
Burkina Faso 7,001 0.2 8 0.0 1,179 689 580 90 464 Updated regression
Burundi 4,315 0.1 1 0.0 240 152 113 24 118 Updated regression
Cambodia 8,308 0.2 18 0.0 2,153 670 1,535 52 958 Updated regression
Cameroon 9,634 0.2 24 0.0 2,454 1,408 1,146 100 987 Updated regression
Canada 26,123 0.6 6,212 2.9 237,795 164,919 130,607 57,731 71,734 HBS
Cape Verde 270 0.0 4 0.0 13,869 4,001 10,806 938 5,346 Updated regression
Central African Republic 2,205 0.0 2 0.0 800 504 317 20 269 Updated regression
Chad 5,025 0.1 5 0.0 1,000 587 429 16 443 Updated regression
Chile 11,832 0.3 504 0.2 42,629 23,702 25,207 6,280 17,150 Updated regression
China 961,832 21.7 17,505 8.1 18,200 9,479 9,493 772 7,008 Updated regression
Colombia 28,618 0.6 524 0.2 18,295 5,129 15,741 2,575 5,101 Updated regression
Comoros 360 0.0 1 0.0 2,719 940 1,838 59 702 Updated regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 28,835 0.6 8 0.0 263 160 109 6 111 Updated regression
Congo, Rep. 1,835 0.0 6 0.0 3,199 1,413 1,833 47 1,216 Updated regression
Costa Rica 3,032 0.1 67 0.0 21,950 6,606 16,820 1,476 5,975 Updated regression
Cote d'Ivoire 10,545 0.2 31 0.0 2,982 1,602 1,469 89 1,108 Updated regression
Croatia 3,492 0.1 97 0.0 27,888 17,964 17,197 7,273 10,892 Updated regression
Cyprus 661 0.0 84 0.0 127,577 93,690 87,635 53,748 36,638 Updated regression
Czech Republic 8,335 0.2 348 0.2 41,731 21,011 28,703 7,983 13,171 HBS
Denmark 4,139 0.1 924 0.4 223,369 188,205 150,247 115,083 73,129 Updated HBS
Djibouti 467 0.0 1 0.0 2,984 1,492 1,636 144 1,216 Updated regression
Dominica 47 0.0 1 0.0 17,190 3,409 14,743 963 5,709 Updated regression
Ecuador 8,216 0.2 92 0.0 11,201 1,422 10,554 775 3,702 Updated regression
Egypt 49,246 1.1 511 0.2 10,383 3,725 7,146 488 3,258 Updated regression
El Salvador 3,544 0.1 38 0.0 10,606 2,454 9,741 1,588 4,304 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2010), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 336 0.0 4 0.0 13,358 7,761 6,021 424 5,286 Updated regression
Eritrea 2,514 0.1 3 0.0 1,350 531 881 62 525 Updated regression
Estonia 1,057 0.0 36 0.0 33,749 27,779 18,796 12,825 12,562 Updated regression
Ethiopia 38,689 0.9 17 0.0 451 194 277 21 234 Updated regression
Fiji 504 0.0 3 0.0 5,059 1,765 3,766 472 2,063 Updated regression
Finland 4,126 0.1 645 0.3 156,221 71,835 122,999 38,613 60,219 Updated regression
France 47,397 1.1 13,441 6.2 283,589 110,290 208,163 34,864 146,834 HBS
Gabon 796 0.0 13 0.0 16,729 6,236 10,869 377 6,657 Updated regression
Gambia 832 0.0 1 0.0 1,291 603 741 53 512 Updated regression
Georgia 3,183 0.1 45 0.0 14,185 3,217 11,327 359 6,380 Updated regression
Germany 66,842 1.5 12,303 5.7 184,060 98,276 116,385 30,601 59,087 HBS
Ghana 12,449 0.3 40 0.0 3,199 1,921 1,427 149 1,397 Updated regression
Greece 9,039 0.2 944 0.4 104,400 39,896 86,522 22,017 57,369 Updated regression
Grenada 65 0.0 1 0.0 11,471 3,956 9,349 1,834 3,824 Updated regression
Guinea 4,822 0.1 5 0.0 1,064 490 604 29 502 Updated regression
Guinea-Bissau 779 0.0 0 0.0 407 257 162 12 142 Updated regression
Guyana 468 0.0 1 0.0 3,075 649 2,945 519 1,356 Updated regression
Haiti 5,416 0.1 15 0.0 2,845 193 2,691 39 943 Updated regression
Hong Kong 5,788 0.1 746 0.3 128,846 88,478 76,849 36,482 31,622 Updated regression
Hungary 7,906 0.2 258 0.1 32,596 18,045 21,661 7,109 18,450 HBS
Iceland 239 0.0 66 0.0 276,539 107,116 221,679 52,256 88,925 Updated regression
India 719,062 16.2 3,788 1.8 5,267 918 4,612 263 1,156 Updated regression
Indonesia 150,034 3.4 1,681 0.8 11,207 1,948 9,636 376 2,505 Updated regression
Iran 49,931 1.1 380 0.2 7,618 1,455 6,800 638 3,568 Updated regression
Ireland 3,353 0.1 600 0.3 178,879 116,598 139,496 77,214 58,855 Updated regression
Israel 4,701 0.1 666 0.3 141,587 120,658 45,916 24,987 45,631 HBS
Italy 48,679 1.1 11,619 5.4 238,683 99,877 161,343 22,537 113,977 HBS
Jamaica 1,655 0.0 20 0.0 12,089 3,551 9,841 1,304 4,323 Updated regression
Japan 104,202 2.3 23,474 10.8 225,274 151,785 110,283 36,794 100,316 HBS
Jordan 3,598 0.1 64 0.0 17,728 5,862 14,097 2,230 8,656 Updated regression
Kazakhstan 10,623 0.2 74 0.0 6,926 2,151 5,558 783 1,287 Updated regression
Kenya 19,023 0.4 33 0.0 1,747 1,147 697 97 692 Updated regression
Korea 37,182 0.8 2,791 1.3 75,054 52,666 46,418 24,029 29,517 Updated regression
Kuwait 2,136 0.0 213 0.1 99,772 62,505 51,145 13,878 33,204 Updated regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,358 0.1 14 0.0 4,158 917 3,292 51 2,072 Updated regression
Laos 3,303 0.1 12 0.0 3,670 904 2,803 37 1,807 Updated regression
Latvia 1,797 0.0 37 0.0 20,870 14,023 13,624 6,776 10,501 Updated regression
Lebanon 2,812 0.1 100 0.0 35,529 21,859 20,930 7,260 7,080 Updated regression
Lesotho 1,030 0.0 3 0.0 3,014 2,374 770 131 895 Updated regression
Liberia 1,921 0.0 3 0.0 1,451 578 912 39 623 Updated regression
Libya 4,031 0.1 99 0.0 24,519 4,580 20,179 240 5,066 Updated regression
Lithuania 2,551 0.1 48 0.0 18,973 11,424 13,185 5,636 9,649 Updated regression
Luxembourg 375 0.0 119 0.1 318,473 195,239 200,559 77,324 152,945 Updated regression
Macedonia 1,531 0.0 17 0.0 11,136 1,729 10,468 1,060 5,158 Updated regression
Madagascar 9,362 0.2 4 0.0 400 128 280 8 172 Updated regression
Malawi 6,727 0.2 3 0.0 438 274 174 10 182 Updated regression
Malaysia 17,131 0.4 453 0.2 26,440 17,606 13,209 4,376 6,623 Updated regression
Maldives 191 0.0 1 0.0 6,678 1,329 6,013 665 3,063 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2010), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 5,954 0.1 6 0.0 1,010 609 477 76 450 Updated regression
Malta 321 0.0 33 0.0 101,620 64,343 57,028 19,750 58,322 Updated regression
Mauritania 1,689 0.0 4 0.0 2,174 985 1,442 253 980 Updated regression
Mauritius 899 0.0 27 0.0 30,555 12,397 21,638 3,479 12,927 Updated regression
Mexico 69,288 1.6 2,234 1.0 32,239 15,806 19,450 3,017 10,564 Updated regression
Moldova 2,690 0.1 8 0.0 2,871 1,185 1,890 204 1,460 Updated regression
Mongolia 1,735 0.0 13 0.0 7,557 1,832 5,931 206 3,289 Updated regression
Montenegro 463 0.0 9 0.0 18,966 5,788 15,996 2,818 7,573 Updated regression
Morocco 20,125 0.5 232 0.1 11,519 4,706 7,756 944 3,201 Updated regression
Mozambique 10,657 0.2 8 0.0 732 466 308 42 296 Updated regression
Myanmar 32,568 0.7 57 0.0 1,741 14 1,735 8 748 Updated regression
Namibia 1,154 0.0 28 0.0 24,517 12,517 13,840 1,839 5,616 Updated regression
Nepal 15,829 0.4 36 0.0 2,245 759 1,545 59 902 Updated regression
Netherlands 12,698 0.3 2,374 1.1 186,994 185,399 84,234 82,639 94,784 Updated HBS
New Zealand 3,114 0.1 1,067 0.5 342,465 183,106 222,010 62,651 119,686 HBS
Nicaragua 3,148 0.1 11 0.0 3,367 386 3,268 286 1,339 Updated regression
Niger 6,320 0.1 5 0.0 856 485 403 32 405 Updated regression
Nigeria 74,325 1.7 252 0.1 3,385 2,201 1,408 224 898 Updated regression
Norway 3,616 0.1 1,164 0.5 321,874 121,315 310,781 110,222 168,951 Updated regression
Oman 1,718 0.0 61 0.0 35,360 14,330 24,115 3,086 15,266 Updated regression
Pakistan 97,227 2.2 449 0.2 4,616 1,669 3,039 91 2,398 Updated regression
Panama 2,184 0.0 37 0.0 16,742 6,128 12,371 1,758 4,727 Updated regression
Papua New Guinea 3,449 0.1 15 0.0 4,470 2,227 2,331 88 1,455 Updated regression
Paraguay 3,618 0.1 28 0.0 7,749 925 7,368 544 2,844 Updated regression
Peru 17,778 0.4 301 0.1 16,934 4,599 13,522 1,187 3,965 Updated regression
Philippines 52,530 1.2 410 0.2 7,801 3,844 4,205 249 2,051 Updated regression
Poland 29,970 0.7 766 0.4 25,549 12,827 18,568 5,846 10,088 Updated regression
Portugal 8,540 0.2 756 0.3 88,553 61,690 55,477 28,613 40,114 Updated regression
Qatar 1,176 0.0 120 0.1 102,074 63,062 50,931 11,918 41,412 Updated regression
Romania 16,782 0.4 346 0.2 20,630 11,932 11,364 2,666 6,038 Updated regression
Russia 111,199 2.5 2,581 1.2 23,207 5,087 19,748 1,627 3,590 Updated regression
Rwanda 4,865 0.1 3 0.0 697 438 310 50 246 Updated regression
Samoa 88 0.0 2 0.0 25,837 2,897 23,846 906 10,499 Updated regression
Sao Tome and Principe 80 0.0 0 0.0 1,902 1,051 971 121 735 Updated regression
Saudi Arabia 15,298 0.3 434 0.2 28,374 13,823 18,122 3,571 7,733 Updated regression
Senegal 5,839 0.1 15 0.0 2,510 1,282 1,374 146 1,125 Updated regression
Serbia 7,475 0.2 51 0.0 6,859 1,926 5,470 537 2,771 Updated regression
Seychelles 51 0.0 3 0.0 62,174 23,569 42,425 3,820 5,743 Updated regression
Sierra Leone 2,708 0.1 1 0.0 464 302 174 12 218 Updated regression
Singapore 3,711 0.1 888 0.4 239,153 136,740 144,237 41,823 98,720 HBS
Slovakia 4,230 0.1 92 0.0 21,730 12,567 18,514 9,350 15,862 Updated regression
Slovenia 1,640 0.0 113 0.1 69,076 33,484 45,638 10,046 50,342 Updated regression
Solomon Islands 271 0.0 2 0.0 6,685 1,858 5,039 213 2,809 Updated regression
South Africa 30,197 0.7 725 0.3 24,017 20,805 8,891 5,679 4,165 HBS
Spain 36,344 0.8 4,526 2.1 124,524 64,945 94,666 35,087 57,100 Updated regression
Sri Lanka 13,891 0.3 54 0.0 3,907 924 3,213 229 1,762 Updated regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 31 0.0 1 0.0 17,779 8,367 11,441 2,029 5,960 Updated regression
St. Lucia 112 0.0 1 0.0 9,528 2,943 8,158 1,573 3,771 Updated regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 73

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2010), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
70 0.0 1 0.0 7,908 1,461 8,166 1,719 2,486 Updated regression
Grenadines
Sudan 21,804 0.5 64 0.0 2,950 1,183 1,845 78 1,348 Updated regression
Suriname 331 0.0 5 0.0 14,275 1,986 13,305 1,016 2,127 Updated regression
Swaziland 579 0.0 3 0.0 5,652 4,588 1,615 551 1,912 Updated regression
Sweden 7,136 0.2 1,805 0.8 252,971 129,186 179,650 55,866 47,750 Updated regression
Switzerland 5,987 0.1 2,498 1.2 417,170 303,591 219,310 105,731 79,137 HBS
Syria 12,445 0.3 83 0.0 6,691 1,192 5,782 283 3,084 Updated regression
Taiwan 18,180 0.4 3,122 1.4 171,706 125,534 71,729 25,556 72,834 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 3,654 0.1 10 0.0 2,797 595 2,271 69 1,326 Updated regression
Tanzania 20,133 0.5 22 0.0 1,088 637 498 48 516 Updated regression
Thailand 48,182 1.1 353 0.2 7,329 4,421 4,366 1,458 2,075 Updated regression
Togo 3,364 0.1 8 0.0 2,335 932 1,519 116 951 Updated regression
Tonga 54 0.0 1 0.0 10,915 3,058 9,439 1,582 4,621 Updated regression
Trinidad and Tobago 963 0.0 9 0.0 9,558 4,747 5,545 734 3,666 Updated regression
Tunisia 7,049 0.2 130 0.1 18,414 5,610 13,878 1,074 8,088 Updated regression
Turkey 48,912 1.1 1,256 0.6 25,683 4,706 22,452 1,475 6,107 Updated regression
Turkmenistan 3,110 0.1 79 0.0 25,416 4,085 21,454 124 10,416 Updated regression
Uganda 13,524 0.3 12 0.0 878 512 400 34 367 Updated regression
Ukraine 36,327 0.8 107 0.0 2,955 1,012 2,427 484 391 Updated regression
United Arab Emirates 3,568 0.1 429 0.2 120,362 77,597 79,284 36,519 48,111 Updated regression
United Kingdom 47,188 1.1 11,827 5.5 250,633 142,292 158,557 50,215 118,683 HBS
United States 231,001 5.2 57,114 26.4 247,247 206,418 101,211 60,382 40,398 HBS
Uruguay 2,347 0.1 88 0.0 37,473 8,381 30,816 1,724 10,210 Updated regression
Vanuatu 125 0.0 1 0.0 5,005 726 4,637 358 2,411 Updated regression
Venezuela 17,756 0.4 267 0.1 15,057 3,728 12,036 707 4,857 Updated regression
Vietnam 57,663 1.3 270 0.1 4,683 1,049 3,829 195 2,084 Updated regression
West Bank and Gaza 1,974 0.0 12 0.0 6,169 1,578 4,784 193 3,015 Imputation
Yemen 10,852 0.2 50 0.0 4,630 1,562 3,118 51 2,046 Updated regression
Zambia 5,692 0.1 10 0.0 1,682 1,261 509 88 465 Updated regression
Zimbabwe 5,997 0.1 13 0.0 2,179 2,049 265 136 917 Updated regression
Africa 507,016 11.4 2,722 1.3 5,369 2,900 3,005 536 824
Asia-Pacific 1,043,590 23.5 46,277 21.4 44,344 26,103 25,845 7,605 3,212
China 961,832 21.7 17,505 8.1 18,200 9,479 9,493 772 7,008
Europe 579,538 13.1 74,237 34.3 128,097 64,762 86,667 23,333 19,660
India 719,062 16.2 3,788 1.8 5,267 918 4,612 263 1,156
Latin America 372,122 8.4 8,498 3.9 22,836 9,715 16,480 3,359 5,701
North America 257,211 5.8 63,348 29.3 246,287 202,202 104,197 60,113 42,707
World 4,440,372 100.0 216,374 100.0 48,729 29,647 27,949 8,867 3,965

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 74

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2011)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,170 0.0 21 0.0 9,619 1,750 8,523 654 5,270 Updated regression
Algeria 22,877 0.5 223 0.1 9,748 1,898 8,010 160 4,301 Updated regression
Angola 8,670 0.2 107 0.0 12,398 5,523 7,385 510 4,365 Updated regression
Antigua and Barbuda 61 0.0 1 0.0 17,926 6,136 15,303 3,512 5,444 Updated regression
Argentina 27,502 0.6 521 0.2 18,939 7,086 12,446 594 5,566 Updated regression
Armenia 2,224 0.0 13 0.0 5,790 1,032 4,978 219 2,681 Updated regression
Australia 16,206 0.4 6,229 2.8 384,365 167,680 317,759 101,074 194,906 HBS
Austria 6,687 0.1 1,293 0.6 193,374 98,449 127,256 32,330 66,671 Updated regression
Azerbaijan 6,040 0.1 92 0.0 15,189 2,958 12,470 239 8,778 Updated regression
Bahamas 233 0.0 9 0.0 38,722 14,980 29,305 5,563 6,824 Updated regression
Bahrain 540 0.0 26 0.0 47,980 32,400 30,665 15,084 24,502 Updated regression
Bangladesh 99,352 2.2 172 0.1 1,729 624 1,154 50 867 Updated regression
Barbados 197 0.0 4 0.0 18,308 8,285 12,719 2,696 4,647 Updated regression
Belarus 7,572 0.2 17 0.0 2,294 489 1,978 173 1,306 Updated regression
Belgium 8,309 0.2 2,100 0.9 252,690 145,452 138,989 31,751 147,432 Updated regression
Belize 176 0.0 2 0.0 9,687 2,564 7,839 716 3,069 Updated regression
Benin 4,432 0.1 14 0.0 3,134 1,348 1,951 164 1,256 Updated regression
Bolivia 5,506 0.1 23 0.0 4,159 774 3,845 460 1,544 Updated regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,973 0.1 33 0.0 11,245 2,305 10,227 1,287 5,800 Updated regression
Botswana 1,135 0.0 13 0.0 11,484 7,041 5,274 832 2,278 Updated regression
Brazil 131,285 2.9 3,558 1.6 27,100 12,635 20,744 6,278 5,659 Updated regression
Brunei 271 0.0 13 0.0 47,262 16,444 36,023 5,205 21,096 Updated regression
Bulgaria 6,058 0.1 97 0.0 15,932 8,799 9,789 2,657 6,253 Updated regression
Burkina Faso 7,232 0.2 9 0.0 1,273 744 626 97 500 Updated regression
Burundi 4,468 0.1 2 0.0 337 213 158 34 153 Updated regression
Cambodia 8,585 0.2 20 0.0 2,332 726 1,662 56 1,102 Updated regression
Cameroon 9,903 0.2 26 0.0 2,666 1,529 1,245 109 1,071 Updated regression
Canada 26,470 0.6 6,211 2.8 234,652 160,497 133,993 59,839 70,751 HBS
Cape Verde 278 0.0 4 0.0 15,630 4,510 12,178 1,058 5,258 Updated regression
Central African Republic 2,259 0.1 2 0.0 814 512 322 21 274 Updated regression
Chad 5,172 0.1 6 0.0 1,128 662 484 18 500 Updated regression
Chile 12,044 0.3 513 0.2 42,597 24,471 25,058 6,932 16,429 Updated regression
China 975,239 21.6 19,215 8.5 19,703 10,281 10,542 1,121 7,362 Updated regression
Colombia 29,231 0.6 576 0.3 19,721 5,584 16,917 2,780 5,153 Updated regression
Comoros 369 0.0 1 0.0 2,972 1,028 2,009 65 650 Updated regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 29,805 0.7 9 0.0 305 185 126 7 129 Updated regression
Congo, Rep. 1,892 0.0 7 0.0 3,870 1,709 2,217 57 1,469 Updated regression
Costa Rica 3,105 0.1 77 0.0 24,801 7,464 19,005 1,668 6,120 Updated regression
Cote d'Ivoire 10,849 0.2 31 0.0 2,869 1,495 1,467 94 1,143 Updated regression
Croatia 3,495 0.1 92 0.0 26,319 16,715 16,510 6,906 10,275 Updated regression
Cyprus 672 0.0 80 0.0 119,223 88,318 84,561 53,655 35,574 Updated regression
Czech Republic 8,379 0.2 360 0.2 42,913 22,443 28,386 7,916 13,039 HBS
Denmark 4,154 0.1 917 0.4 220,851 191,094 143,928 114,170 53,060 Updated HBS
Djibouti 480 0.0 2 0.0 3,165 1,582 1,735 152 1,288 Updated regression
Dominica 48 0.0 1 0.0 22,982 4,558 19,711 1,287 7,440 Updated regression
Ecuador 8,379 0.2 98 0.0 11,717 1,292 11,441 1,017 4,118 Updated regression
Egypt 50,473 1.1 420 0.2 8,324 2,856 6,078 610 2,331 Updated regression
El Salvador 3,604 0.1 40 0.0 11,048 2,556 10,147 1,654 4,097 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2011), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 346 0.0 6 0.0 17,248 10,021 7,775 547 6,707 Updated regression
Eritrea 2,601 0.1 4 0.0 1,653 650 1,079 76 702 Updated regression
Estonia 1,058 0.0 30 0.0 28,807 19,825 19,570 10,589 10,711 Updated regression
Ethiopia 39,985 0.9 14 0.0 358 154 220 16 171 Updated regression
Fiji 510 0.0 3 0.0 6,070 2,118 4,519 567 2,476 Updated regression
Finland 4,150 0.1 625 0.3 150,594 67,325 122,556 39,288 56,570 Updated regression
France 47,655 1.1 13,390 6.0 280,988 108,652 207,901 35,564 144,549 HBS
Gabon 820 0.0 16 0.0 19,851 7,400 12,898 447 7,757 Updated regression
Gambia 856 0.0 1 0.0 1,066 498 612 44 372 Updated regression
Georgia 3,177 0.1 58 0.0 18,194 4,126 14,529 460 7,402 Updated regression
Germany 66,958 1.5 12,031 5.4 179,683 91,020 118,638 29,976 45,394 HBS
Ghana 12,792 0.3 27 0.0 2,144 1,410 936 201 936 Updated regression
Greece 9,063 0.2 877 0.4 96,769 35,578 81,591 20,400 51,850 Updated regression
Grenada 66 0.0 1 0.0 13,812 4,763 11,257 2,208 5,273 Updated regression
Guinea 4,971 0.1 4 0.0 890 410 505 25 420 Updated regression
Guinea-Bissau 797 0.0 0 0.0 448 282 178 13 156 Updated regression
Guyana 470 0.0 2 0.0 3,421 722 3,276 578 1,300 Updated regression
Haiti 5,548 0.1 18 0.0 3,199 217 3,025 43 1,059 Updated regression
Hong Kong 5,870 0.1 815 0.4 138,854 95,351 82,819 39,316 36,089 Updated regression
Hungary 7,910 0.2 212 0.1 26,788 14,291 18,319 5,823 11,251 HBS
Iceland 244 0.0 75 0.0 309,140 116,395 245,792 53,047 100,655 Updated regression
India 735,072 16.3 3,362 1.5 4,573 728 4,102 257 1,036 Updated regression
Indonesia 152,683 3.4 1,750 0.8 11,462 1,954 9,976 468 2,256 Updated regression
Iran 51,143 1.1 462 0.2 9,039 3,184 6,794 939 4,233 Updated regression
Ireland 3,403 0.1 605 0.3 177,757 114,017 133,940 70,200 58,567 Updated regression
Israel 4,784 0.1 660 0.3 137,997 117,640 46,918 26,561 43,974 HBS
Italy 48,852 1.1 11,154 5.0 228,332 94,781 158,329 24,778 126,502 HBS
Jamaica 1,675 0.0 22 0.0 13,009 3,256 11,435 1,682 4,611 Updated regression
Japan 104,266 2.3 28,098 12.5 269,485 185,042 128,851 44,409 120,003 HBS
Jordan 3,701 0.1 53 0.0 14,394 4,386 12,804 2,796 7,026 Updated regression
Kazakhstan 10,745 0.2 78 0.0 7,246 2,877 6,061 1,692 1,397 Updated regression
Kenya 19,594 0.4 39 0.0 1,977 1,360 723 107 782 Updated regression
Korea 37,563 0.8 2,826 1.3 75,247 53,238 47,513 25,505 28,904 Updated regression
Kuwait 2,187 0.0 264 0.1 120,704 67,640 74,817 21,754 39,796 Updated regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,429 0.1 17 0.0 5,048 1,113 3,997 62 2,318 Updated regression
Laos 3,406 0.1 16 0.0 4,746 1,169 3,625 47 2,337 Updated regression
Latvia 1,796 0.0 33 0.0 18,221 10,517 13,861 6,157 9,164 Updated regression
Lebanon 2,858 0.1 91 0.0 31,889 22,313 18,157 8,582 6,719 Updated regression
Lesotho 1,047 0.0 4 0.0 4,097 3,228 1,047 178 1,214 Updated regression
Liberia 1,991 0.0 4 0.0 1,858 740 1,168 50 893 Updated regression
Libya 4,119 0.1 51 0.0 12,472 2,330 10,264 122 2,648 Updated regression
Lithuania 2,547 0.1 53 0.0 20,730 12,753 13,310 5,333 10,537 Updated regression
Luxembourg 380 0.0 116 0.1 304,510 186,325 195,794 77,608 117,112 Updated regression
Macedonia 1,542 0.0 17 0.0 10,740 1,663 10,333 1,255 3,518 Updated regression
Madagascar 9,682 0.2 4 0.0 427 136 299 8 172 Updated regression
Malawi 6,942 0.2 3 0.0 440 275 175 10 183 Updated regression
Malaysia 17,548 0.4 464 0.2 26,428 17,616 14,245 5,434 6,645 Updated regression
Maldives 197 0.0 1 0.0 5,672 1,129 5,107 564 2,602 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2011), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 6,118 0.1 6 0.0 949 572 449 72 423 Updated regression
Malta 324 0.0 33 0.0 101,112 64,451 56,952 20,292 57,867 Updated regression
Mauritania 1,736 0.0 4 0.0 2,154 976 1,429 250 971 Updated regression
Mauritius 911 0.0 35 0.0 38,627 19,204 24,461 5,039 15,856 Updated regression
Mexico 70,630 1.6 1,964 0.9 27,811 13,022 18,044 3,255 8,993 Updated regression
Moldova 2,693 0.1 10 0.0 3,727 1,538 2,453 264 1,400 Updated regression
Mongolia 1,777 0.0 18 0.0 10,107 2,450 7,933 275 4,398 Updated regression
Montenegro 465 0.0 10 0.0 20,854 6,364 17,588 3,098 11,715 Updated regression
Morocco 20,543 0.5 233 0.1 11,331 4,471 7,760 901 2,907 Updated regression
Mozambique 10,911 0.2 9 0.0 820 522 345 47 301 Updated regression
Myanmar 33,098 0.7 69 0.0 2,089 16 2,082 9 970 Updated regression
Namibia 1,188 0.0 26 0.0 21,553 12,835 10,792 2,074 4,805 Updated regression
Nepal 16,299 0.4 38 0.0 2,302 778 1,584 60 896 Updated regression
Netherlands 12,771 0.3 2,361 1.1 184,868 185,621 81,347 82,101 78,165 Updated HBS
New Zealand 3,154 0.1 1,192 0.5 377,871 206,104 238,336 66,569 133,945 HBS
Nicaragua 3,236 0.1 11 0.0 3,414 391 3,313 290 1,464 Updated regression
Niger 6,541 0.1 6 0.0 871 493 410 33 376 Updated regression
Nigeria 76,325 1.7 244 0.1 3,203 1,990 1,479 266 896 Updated regression
Norway 3,656 0.1 1,239 0.6 338,898 125,588 324,362 111,051 128,607 Updated regression
Oman 1,770 0.0 84 0.0 47,568 22,323 29,769 4,525 20,471 Updated regression
Pakistan 100,255 2.2 453 0.2 4,523 1,577 3,062 116 2,349 Updated regression
Panama 2,230 0.0 48 0.0 21,661 11,594 12,435 2,369 5,957 Updated regression
Papua New Guinea 3,547 0.1 26 0.0 7,296 3,635 3,805 144 2,569 Updated regression
Paraguay 3,715 0.1 35 0.0 9,296 1,109 8,839 653 3,381 Updated regression
Peru 18,133 0.4 345 0.2 19,049 4,702 15,843 1,495 4,835 Updated regression
Philippines 53,913 1.2 434 0.2 8,053 3,894 4,457 299 1,918 Updated regression
Poland 30,087 0.7 685 0.3 22,783 12,325 15,905 5,448 8,890 Updated regression
Portugal 8,569 0.2 727 0.3 84,848 59,282 52,366 26,800 32,581 Updated regression
Qatar 1,231 0.0 183 0.1 148,362 97,103 68,399 17,140 52,577 Updated regression
Romania 16,775 0.4 233 0.1 13,912 6,620 9,921 2,629 4,061 Updated regression
Russia 111,103 2.5 2,102 0.9 18,922 4,488 16,434 2,000 2,650 Updated regression
Rwanda 5,021 0.1 4 0.0 712 447 317 51 227 Updated regression
Samoa 89 0.0 3 0.0 30,586 3,429 28,229 1,072 14,013 Updated regression
Sao Tome and Principe 82 0.0 0 0.0 2,289 1,266 1,169 146 884 Updated regression
Saudi Arabia 15,752 0.3 589 0.3 37,392 19,969 22,409 4,987 10,538 Updated regression
Senegal 6,027 0.1 16 0.0 2,674 1,366 1,464 156 1,198 Updated regression
Serbia 7,498 0.2 58 0.0 7,707 2,164 6,147 603 3,114 Updated regression
Seychelles 52 0.0 3 0.0 55,687 21,110 37,999 3,422 4,652 Updated regression
Sierra Leone 2,770 0.1 1 0.0 462 301 173 12 198 Updated regression
Singapore 3,805 0.1 980 0.4 257,582 151,877 153,596 47,890 116,222 HBS
Slovakia 4,257 0.1 110 0.0 25,955 13,999 18,070 6,114 19,657 Updated regression
Slovenia 1,646 0.0 110 0.0 66,893 31,877 44,737 9,721 43,332 Updated regression
Solomon Islands 280 0.0 2 0.0 8,493 2,361 6,402 270 4,023 Updated regression
South Africa 30,525 0.7 682 0.3 22,332 19,528 8,255 5,451 3,806 HBS
Spain 36,648 0.8 4,307 1.9 117,528 60,594 89,851 32,917 58,426 Updated regression
Sri Lanka 14,049 0.3 79 0.0 5,636 2,962 3,007 333 2,541 Updated regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 32 0.0 1 0.0 23,484 11,052 15,113 2,681 7,679 Updated regression
St. Lucia 114 0.0 1 0.0 12,498 3,860 10,701 2,063 4,212 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2011), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
70 0.0 1 0.0 9,592 1,772 9,905 2,085 2,984 Updated regression
Grenadines
Sudan 22,458 0.5 64 0.0 2,867 1,150 1,793 76 1,310 Updated regression
Suriname 335 0.0 4 0.0 12,080 1,681 11,259 860 2,034 Updated regression
Swaziland 595 0.0 3 0.0 5,581 4,531 1,595 545 1,685 Updated regression
Sweden 7,190 0.2 1,868 0.8 259,769 132,272 188,335 60,837 48,798 Updated regression
Switzerland 6,024 0.1 3,000 1.3 497,933 349,594 272,901 124,562 94,458 HBS
Syria 12,812 0.3 84 0.0 6,535 1,164 5,647 276 3,250 Updated regression
Taiwan 18,239 0.4 2,858 1.3 156,706 111,854 68,105 23,253 59,011 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 3,775 0.1 11 0.0 2,880 613 2,339 71 1,366 Updated regression
Tanzania 20,747 0.5 19 0.0 926 543 424 41 410 Updated regression
Thailand 48,674 1.1 372 0.2 7,645 4,480 4,871 1,706 2,043 Updated regression
Togo 3,471 0.1 9 0.0 2,501 998 1,628 124 1,018 Updated regression
Tonga 54 0.0 1 0.0 14,448 4,047 12,494 2,094 6,906 Updated regression
Trinidad and Tobago 973 0.0 15 0.0 15,065 8,890 7,109 933 6,329 Updated regression
Tunisia 7,189 0.2 165 0.1 22,888 10,514 13,621 1,247 9,886 Updated regression
Turkey 49,828 1.1 1,270 0.6 25,489 11,235 19,102 4,848 5,918 Updated regression
Turkmenistan 3,191 0.1 96 0.0 30,056 4,831 25,372 147 13,385 Updated regression
Uganda 14,028 0.3 10 0.0 714 416 325 27 298 Updated regression
Ukraine 36,223 0.8 128 0.1 3,542 786 3,400 645 571 Updated regression
United Arab Emirates 3,645 0.1 423 0.2 115,965 76,839 78,637 39,511 46,682 Updated regression
United Kingdom 47,538 1.1 10,892 4.8 229,113 139,321 139,919 50,128 92,697 HBS
United States 233,731 5.2 60,037 26.7 256,864 214,902 99,640 57,677 35,968 HBS
Uruguay 2,364 0.1 99 0.0 41,934 9,379 34,484 1,929 10,984 Updated regression
Vanuatu 129 0.0 1 0.0 5,532 803 5,125 396 2,360 Updated regression
Venezuela 18,172 0.4 176 0.1 9,697 2,401 7,751 455 2,959 Updated regression
Vietnam 59,058 1.3 283 0.1 4,793 1,682 3,351 240 2,133 Updated regression
West Bank and Gaza 2,049 0.0 13 0.0 6,332 1,693 4,874 235 2,825 Imputation
Yemen 11,285 0.2 53 0.0 4,693 1,583 3,161 51 2,268 Updated regression
Zambia 5,839 0.1 11 0.0 1,847 1,425 534 112 551 Updated regression
Zimbabwe 6,184 0.1 17 0.0 2,718 2,556 331 170 1,053 Updated regression
Africa 521,095 11.5 2,635 1.2 5,057 2,766 2,834 542 774
Asia-Pacific 1,064,170 23.6 52,465 23.3 49,301 30,058 28,126 8,883 3,270
China 975,239 21.6 19,215 8.5 19,703 10,281 10,542 1,121 7,362
Europe 581,245 12.9 72,161 32.1 124,149 63,048 84,689 23,588 17,798
India 735,072 16.3 3,362 1.5 4,573 728 4,102 257 1,036
Latin America 379,030 8.4 8,719 3.9 23,003 9,759 16,931 3,686 5,495
North America 260,291 5.8 66,271 29.5 254,605 209,368 103,134 57,897 44,257
World 4,516,141 100.0 224,828 100.0 49,783 30,741 28,164 9,122 3,858

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 78

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2012)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,204 0.0 21 0.0 9,531 1,734 8,445 648 3,881 Updated regression
Algeria 23,438 0.5 237 0.1 10,126 1,971 8,321 166 4,429 Updated regression
Angola 8,968 0.2 130 0.1 14,483 6,452 8,627 596 5,324 Updated regression
Antigua and Barbuda 62 0.0 1 0.0 18,895 6,467 16,130 3,702 5,599 Updated regression
Argentina 27,884 0.6 465 0.2 16,667 5,998 11,245 575 4,605 Updated regression
Armenia 2,244 0.0 13 0.0 5,699 1,016 4,900 216 2,639 Updated regression
Australia 16,412 0.4 6,828 2.9 416,036 210,302 312,394 106,660 193,159 HBS
Austria 6,725 0.1 1,404 0.6 208,829 102,799 139,115 33,085 55,377 Updated regression
Azerbaijan 6,161 0.1 109 0.0 17,676 3,442 14,513 278 9,301 Updated regression
Bahamas 237 0.0 10 0.0 40,566 15,694 30,700 5,828 6,774 Updated regression
Bahrain 556 0.0 27 0.0 47,987 32,163 31,842 16,017 24,455 Updated regression
Bangladesh 101,751 2.2 186 0.1 1,831 661 1,223 53 849 Updated regression
Barbados 198 0.0 4 0.0 19,070 8,709 13,227 2,866 4,724 Updated regression
Belarus 7,561 0.2 18 0.0 2,351 502 2,027 178 999 Updated regression
Belgium 8,350 0.2 2,279 1.0 272,965 161,138 145,535 33,707 136,351 Updated regression
Belize 182 0.0 2 0.0 9,980 2,641 8,075 737 2,762 Updated regression
Benin 4,581 0.1 15 0.0 3,211 1,380 1,998 168 1,283 Updated regression
Bolivia 5,652 0.1 25 0.0 4,479 833 4,141 495 1,657 Updated regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,980 0.1 33 0.0 11,144 2,285 10,135 1,275 4,241 Updated regression
Botswana 1,159 0.0 13 0.0 11,321 6,931 5,174 784 2,190 Updated regression
Brazil 133,355 2.9 3,205 1.3 24,035 11,205 18,397 5,568 4,881 Updated regression
Brunei 278 0.0 15 0.0 54,050 18,806 41,197 5,953 27,693 Updated regression
Bulgaria 6,026 0.1 102 0.0 17,002 9,670 10,066 2,735 6,671 Updated regression
Burkina Faso 7,472 0.2 10 0.0 1,298 759 638 99 554 Updated regression
Burundi 4,605 0.1 1 0.0 302 191 142 31 137 Updated regression
Cambodia 8,867 0.2 23 0.0 2,579 803 1,838 62 1,219 Updated regression
Cameroon 10,178 0.2 27 0.0 2,630 1,508 1,228 107 1,055 Updated regression
Canada 26,822 0.6 7,096 3.0 264,559 176,535 152,178 64,154 105,366 HBS
Cape Verde 286 0.0 5 0.0 16,030 4,625 12,490 1,085 5,935 Updated regression
Central African Republic 2,314 0.1 2 0.0 819 516 324 21 275 Updated regression
Chad 5,326 0.1 6 0.0 1,188 698 510 19 480 Updated regression
Chile 12,255 0.3 607 0.3 49,566 28,717 28,945 8,095 14,524 Updated regression
China 987,030 21.5 19,777 8.3 20,037 10,573 10,766 1,303 7,249 Updated regression
Colombia 29,847 0.7 690 0.3 23,105 6,535 20,144 3,574 6,473 Updated regression
Comoros 378 0.0 1 0.0 2,880 996 1,946 63 625 Updated regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 30,811 0.7 10 0.0 327 199 135 7 128 Updated regression
Congo, Rep. 1,956 0.0 8 0.0 3,901 1,723 2,235 57 1,643 Updated regression
Costa Rica 3,176 0.1 85 0.0 26,734 8,046 20,486 1,798 6,797 Updated regression
Cote d'Ivoire 11,169 0.2 34 0.0 3,013 1,576 1,539 102 1,115 Updated regression
Croatia 3,497 0.1 94 0.0 26,962 17,461 16,364 6,863 14,441 Updated regression
Cyprus 683 0.0 86 0.0 125,890 93,019 87,666 54,795 35,317 Updated regression
Czech Republic 8,413 0.2 392 0.2 46,652 25,336 29,908 8,593 13,594 HBS
Denmark 4,171 0.1 1,014 0.4 243,064 209,557 149,617 116,110 58,259 Updated HBS
Djibouti 494 0.0 2 0.0 3,373 1,686 1,849 162 1,368 Updated regression
Dominica 49 0.0 1 0.0 23,790 4,718 20,404 1,332 7,490 Updated regression
Ecuador 8,548 0.2 103 0.0 12,017 1,301 11,879 1,163 4,169 Updated regression
Egypt 51,619 1.1 421 0.2 8,161 2,814 5,995 647 2,364 Updated regression
El Salvador 3,670 0.1 43 0.0 11,773 2,724 10,812 1,763 4,319 Updated regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 79

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2012), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 355 0.0 7 0.0 19,227 11,170 8,666 610 6,479 Updated regression
Eritrea 2,691 0.1 5 0.0 1,910 751 1,247 88 809 Updated regression
Estonia 1,057 0.0 36 0.0 33,801 23,597 20,990 10,787 17,801 Updated regression
Ethiopia 41,342 0.9 17 0.0 408 176 251 19 212 Updated regression
Fiji 516 0.0 3 0.0 6,368 2,222 4,741 594 2,597 Updated regression
Finland 4,173 0.1 660 0.3 158,102 69,625 130,396 41,920 72,822 Updated regression
France 47,896 1.0 13,948 5.8 291,215 116,469 213,180 38,435 101,528 HBS
Gabon 844 0.0 19 0.0 22,159 8,261 14,397 499 8,443 Updated regression
Gambia 882 0.0 1 0.0 891 416 511 36 311 Updated regression
Georgia 3,174 0.1 65 0.0 20,553 4,661 16,412 520 9,234 Updated regression
Germany 67,031 1.5 12,905 5.4 192,529 97,218 126,140 30,829 48,457 HBS
Ghana 13,144 0.3 24 0.0 1,797 1,188 805 195 785 Updated regression
Greece 9,085 0.2 875 0.4 96,274 37,484 78,636 19,846 45,127 Updated regression
Grenada 66 0.0 1 0.0 14,396 4,965 11,733 2,302 4,666 Updated regression
Guinea 5,132 0.1 5 0.0 887 408 503 25 419 Updated regression
Guinea-Bissau 816 0.0 0 0.0 439 277 175 13 177 Updated regression
Guyana 472 0.0 2 0.0 3,675 776 3,519 621 1,394 Updated regression
Haiti 5,680 0.1 19 0.0 3,424 233 3,238 46 1,131 Updated regression
Hong Kong 5,959 0.1 882 0.4 147,965 101,607 88,253 41,895 36,550 Updated regression
Hungary 7,913 0.2 246 0.1 31,029 16,230 20,319 5,520 13,022 HBS
Iceland 249 0.0 77 0.0 310,377 118,267 244,334 52,224 102,217 Updated regression
India 751,287 16.4 3,540 1.5 4,712 731 4,258 277 1,045 Updated regression
Indonesia 155,294 3.4 1,752 0.7 11,279 1,860 9,924 505 2,321 Updated regression
Iran 52,257 1.1 434 0.2 8,308 2,865 6,355 912 3,891 Updated regression
Ireland 3,447 0.1 657 0.3 190,694 122,649 138,189 70,145 62,916 Updated regression
Israel 4,865 0.1 720 0.3 147,916 124,337 51,720 28,141 46,548 HBS
Italy 48,998 1.1 11,416 4.8 232,986 96,981 160,977 24,973 126,659 HBS
Jamaica 1,696 0.0 21 0.0 12,241 2,958 11,023 1,740 4,298 Updated regression
Japan 104,303 2.3 25,667 10.8 246,081 171,041 114,199 39,159 124,337 HBS
Jordan 3,785 0.1 55 0.0 14,511 4,388 13,238 3,115 6,486 Updated regression
Kazakhstan 10,857 0.2 78 0.0 7,151 2,899 6,236 1,984 1,309 Updated regression
Kenya 20,172 0.4 41 0.0 2,053 1,431 757 135 741 Updated regression
Korea 37,955 0.8 3,214 1.3 84,688 61,165 52,040 28,518 35,589 Updated regression
Kuwait 2,239 0.0 274 0.1 122,326 67,017 78,571 23,262 39,952 Updated regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,499 0.1 19 0.0 5,333 1,176 4,222 65 2,657 Updated regression
Laos 3,511 0.1 19 0.0 5,278 1,300 4,031 53 2,599 Updated regression
Latvia 1,793 0.0 40 0.0 22,352 13,222 14,876 5,746 11,237 Updated regression
Lebanon 2,905 0.1 91 0.0 31,481 22,307 18,791 9,617 5,969 Updated regression
Lesotho 1,063 0.0 4 0.0 4,206 3,313 1,075 182 1,240 Updated regression
Liberia 2,056 0.0 4 0.0 2,124 846 1,335 57 910 Updated regression
Libya 4,206 0.1 111 0.0 26,454 4,941 21,772 258 4,895 Updated regression
Lithuania 2,542 0.1 57 0.0 22,599 14,050 13,450 4,901 11,481 Updated regression
Luxembourg 385 0.0 124 0.1 322,391 197,154 208,369 83,133 150,798 Updated regression
Macedonia 1,552 0.0 17 0.0 10,902 1,685 10,517 1,300 3,571 Updated regression
Madagascar 10,014 0.2 4 0.0 433 138 303 9 175 Updated regression
Malawi 7,172 0.2 2 0.0 211 132 84 5 83 Updated regression
Malaysia 17,965 0.4 507 0.2 28,222 18,726 15,973 6,478 7,637 Updated regression
Maldives 204 0.0 1 0.0 5,933 1,181 5,342 590 2,721 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2012), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 6,288 0.1 6 0.0 979 590 463 74 436 Updated regression
Malta 327 0.0 35 0.0 107,048 67,294 60,613 20,859 61,080 Updated regression
Mauritania 1,784 0.0 4 0.0 1,975 894 1,310 229 800 Updated regression
Mauritius 923 0.0 34 0.0 37,249 18,232 24,021 5,004 13,004 Updated regression
Mexico 71,999 1.6 2,250 0.9 31,249 15,638 20,046 4,435 9,297 Updated regression
Moldova 2,694 0.1 11 0.0 3,911 1,614 2,575 277 1,989 Updated regression
Mongolia 1,817 0.0 23 0.0 12,823 3,108 10,064 349 5,578 Updated regression
Montenegro 467 0.0 9 0.0 19,860 6,061 16,750 2,950 7,926 Updated regression
Morocco 20,953 0.5 245 0.1 11,672 4,473 8,162 963 2,994 Updated regression
Mozambique 11,172 0.2 9 0.0 821 523 345 48 301 Updated regression
Myanmar 33,638 0.7 62 0.0 1,848 14 1,842 8 795 Updated regression
Namibia 1,222 0.0 26 0.0 21,015 12,518 10,615 2,118 4,521 Updated regression
Nepal 16,780 0.4 34 0.0 2,023 684 1,392 53 813 Updated regression
Netherlands 12,844 0.3 2,559 1.1 199,206 203,786 81,003 85,584 83,419 Updated HBS
New Zealand 3,194 0.1 1,344 0.6 420,872 226,406 266,910 72,444 186,258 HBS
Nicaragua 3,329 0.1 11 0.0 3,386 388 3,286 288 1,344 Updated regression
Niger 6,772 0.1 7 0.0 970 550 457 36 459 Updated regression
Nigeria 78,370 1.7 266 0.1 3,390 2,137 1,575 322 912 Updated regression
Norway 3,695 0.1 1,432 0.6 387,607 147,503 368,752 128,649 201,284 Updated regression
Oman 1,821 0.0 88 0.0 48,401 22,665 30,844 5,108 19,034 Updated regression
Pakistan 103,302 2.3 450 0.2 4,355 1,530 2,950 124 2,262 Updated regression
Panama 2,276 0.0 51 0.0 22,394 12,214 12,986 2,806 5,492 Updated regression
Papua New Guinea 3,648 0.1 32 0.0 8,825 4,397 4,602 174 2,871 Updated regression
Paraguay 3,812 0.1 38 0.0 9,935 1,186 9,447 697 3,577 Updated regression
Peru 18,496 0.4 407 0.2 22,019 5,132 18,645 1,758 5,588 Updated regression
Philippines 55,315 1.2 505 0.2 9,130 4,394 5,089 353 2,226 Updated regression
Poland 30,182 0.7 800 0.3 26,503 14,784 17,774 6,055 10,229 Updated regression
Portugal 8,593 0.2 743 0.3 86,488 59,557 52,413 25,482 32,879 Updated regression
Qatar 1,263 0.0 190 0.1 150,659 97,176 71,851 18,369 59,908 Updated regression
Romania 16,743 0.4 249 0.1 14,845 7,774 9,977 2,906 5,800 Updated regression
Russia 110,813 2.4 2,391 1.0 21,573 4,778 19,273 2,478 3,534 Updated regression
Rwanda 5,166 0.1 4 0.0 733 460 326 53 258 Updated regression
Samoa 90 0.0 3 0.0 34,299 3,846 31,656 1,203 15,686 Updated regression
Sao Tome and Principe 84 0.0 0 0.0 2,512 1,389 1,283 160 967 Updated regression
Saudi Arabia 16,218 0.4 612 0.3 37,741 20,235 23,380 5,875 11,751 Updated regression
Senegal 6,222 0.1 16 0.0 2,606 1,331 1,426 152 1,073 Updated regression
Serbia 7,515 0.2 53 0.0 7,071 1,985 5,639 554 2,857 Updated regression
Seychelles 53 0.0 3 0.0 54,252 20,566 37,020 3,334 4,033 Updated regression
Sierra Leone 2,833 0.1 2 0.0 675 440 253 18 317 Updated regression
Singapore 3,885 0.1 1,128 0.5 290,370 174,610 171,067 55,307 114,608 HBS
Slovakia 4,281 0.1 115 0.0 26,903 15,350 18,568 7,015 20,375 Updated regression
Slovenia 1,651 0.0 107 0.0 64,691 30,037 44,438 9,783 47,126 Updated regression
Solomon Islands 289 0.0 3 0.0 9,693 2,694 7,307 308 4,591 Updated regression
South Africa 30,800 0.7 736 0.3 23,901 21,407 8,200 5,706 3,996 HBS
Spain 36,936 0.8 4,414 1.9 119,518 63,632 88,151 32,265 58,509 Updated regression
Sri Lanka 14,194 0.3 72 0.0 5,066 2,609 2,803 347 2,110 Updated regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 33 0.0 1 0.0 23,762 11,183 15,292 2,712 6,514 Updated regression
St. Lucia 116 0.0 2 0.0 13,060 4,034 11,183 2,156 5,046 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2012), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
71 0.0 1 0.0 10,044 1,855 10,372 2,183 3,090 Updated regression
Grenadines
Sudan 23,127 0.5 32 0.0 1,391 558 869 37 690 Updated regression
Suriname 340 0.0 5 0.0 13,495 1,877 12,578 960 2,188 Updated regression
Swaziland 612 0.0 3 0.0 5,293 4,297 1,513 516 1,590 Updated regression
Sweden 7,245 0.2 2,148 0.9 296,512 157,246 205,831 66,564 55,422 Updated regression
Switzerland 6,062 0.1 3,278 1.4 540,735 375,706 297,468 132,439 99,810 HBS
Syria 13,106 0.3 66 0.0 5,063 902 4,375 214 2,518 Updated regression
Taiwan 18,298 0.4 2,932 1.2 160,231 112,459 70,471 22,699 58,913 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 3,898 0.1 12 0.0 3,129 666 2,540 77 1,626 Updated regression
Tanzania 21,383 0.5 21 0.0 967 567 443 42 429 Updated regression
Thailand 49,163 1.1 394 0.2 8,014 4,901 5,150 2,037 1,700 Updated regression
Togo 3,581 0.1 9 0.0 2,499 997 1,626 124 1,015 Updated regression
Tonga 54 0.0 1 0.0 15,518 4,347 13,419 2,249 6,565 Updated regression
Trinidad and Tobago 981 0.0 15 0.0 15,345 9,047 7,367 1,069 5,749 Updated regression
Tunisia 7,324 0.2 163 0.1 22,252 10,038 13,459 1,245 8,614 Updated regression
Turkey 50,754 1.1 1,421 0.6 27,989 13,103 20,934 6,048 6,325 Updated regression
Turkmenistan 3,272 0.1 113 0.0 34,395 5,529 29,034 168 14,024 Updated regression
Uganda 14,556 0.3 11 0.0 738 430 336 28 284 Updated regression
Ukraine 36,084 0.8 127 0.1 3,524 740 3,554 769 393 Updated regression
United Arab Emirates 3,713 0.1 423 0.2 113,816 77,756 77,995 41,935 46,131 Updated regression
United Kingdom 47,883 1.0 12,010 5.0 250,812 149,825 151,958 50,971 100,821 HBS
United States 236,502 5.2 67,346 28.2 284,760 235,073 106,506 56,819 46,723 HBS
Uruguay 2,382 0.1 114 0.0 47,869 10,706 39,365 2,203 12,013 Updated regression
Vanuatu 134 0.0 1 0.0 5,875 853 5,443 421 2,831 Updated regression
Venezuela 18,584 0.4 189 0.1 10,157 2,515 8,119 477 2,698 Updated regression
Vietnam 60,431 1.3 298 0.1 4,931 1,754 3,452 276 2,194 Updated regression
West Bank and Gaza 2,125 0.0 13 0.0 6,351 1,718 4,889 255 3,105 Imputation
Yemen 11,732 0.3 58 0.0 4,941 1,667 3,328 54 2,184 Updated regression
Zambia 5,991 0.1 11 0.0 1,878 1,452 547 121 559 Updated regression
Zimbabwe 6,420 0.1 19 0.0 2,956 2,781 360 185 1,141 Updated regression
Africa 535,399 11.7 2,806 1.2 5,241 2,882 2,927 568 755
Asia-Pacific 1,084,602 23.6 51,912 21.8 47,863 29,598 26,924 8,659 3,208
China 987,030 21.5 19,777 8.3 20,037 10,573 10,766 1,303 7,249
Europe 582,506 12.7 77,047 32.3 132,269 67,779 89,063 24,573 18,961
India 751,287 16.4 3,540 1.5 4,712 731 4,258 277 1,045
Latin America 385,936 8.4 8,935 3.7 23,152 9,929 17,009 3,786 5,465
North America 263,416 5.7 74,468 31.2 282,703 229,110 111,158 57,566 49,235
World 4,590,176 100.0 238,486 100.0 51,956 32,307 28,827 9,178 3,798

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2013)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,237 0.0 23 0.0 10,195 1,855 9,033 693 5,585 Updated regression
Algeria 23,982 0.5 246 0.1 10,261 1,998 8,432 168 4,443 Updated regression
Angola 9,273 0.2 139 0.1 15,018 6,690 8,946 618 5,044 Updated regression
Antigua and Barbuda 63 0.0 1 0.0 19,846 6,793 16,942 3,888 5,725 Updated regression
Argentina 28,265 0.6 370 0.1 13,097 4,845 8,733 481 3,150 Updated regression
Armenia 2,263 0.0 13 0.0 5,876 1,047 5,052 223 3,005 Updated regression
Australia 16,617 0.4 6,707 2.6 403,614 201,971 300,487 98,844 186,882 HBS
Austria 6,761 0.1 1,527 0.6 225,813 109,311 150,532 34,029 59,618 Updated regression
Azerbaijan 6,276 0.1 125 0.0 19,949 3,885 16,379 314 10,494 Updated regression
Bahamas 242 0.0 10 0.0 42,106 16,289 31,866 6,050 7,498 Updated regression
Bahrain 571 0.0 28 0.0 48,290 32,581 32,416 16,706 21,355 Updated regression
Bangladesh 104,135 2.2 207 0.1 1,985 717 1,325 58 920 Updated regression
Barbados 200 0.0 4 0.0 19,457 8,689 13,832 3,064 4,694 Updated regression
Belarus 7,543 0.2 17 0.0 2,266 483 1,954 171 963 Updated regression
Belgium 8,387 0.2 2,481 1.0 295,786 177,190 154,596 36,000 147,458 Updated regression
Belize 188 0.0 2 0.0 10,279 2,721 8,317 759 3,175 Updated regression
Benin 4,733 0.1 17 0.0 3,521 1,514 2,191 184 1,403 Updated regression
Bolivia 5,800 0.1 28 0.0 4,759 885 4,400 526 1,598 Updated regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,985 0.1 36 0.0 12,138 2,488 11,038 1,389 4,619 Updated regression
Botswana 1,181 0.0 12 0.0 10,193 6,230 4,733 770 2,041 Updated regression
Brazil 135,385 2.9 2,876 1.1 21,243 9,904 16,261 4,921 4,457 Updated regression
Brunei 286 0.0 14 0.0 50,517 17,577 38,504 5,564 22,464 Updated regression
Bulgaria 5,991 0.1 122 0.0 20,321 12,424 10,673 2,776 10,928 Updated regression
Burkina Faso 7,721 0.2 11 0.0 1,433 838 705 109 611 Updated regression
Burundi 4,729 0.1 2 0.0 321 203 151 33 146 Updated regression
Cambodia 9,151 0.2 26 0.0 2,820 878 2,010 68 1,255 Updated regression
Cameroon 10,459 0.2 30 0.0 2,873 1,648 1,342 117 1,150 Updated regression
Canada 27,173 0.6 7,257 2.8 267,053 178,466 150,708 62,122 80,475 HBS
Cape Verde 295 0.0 5 0.0 17,806 5,137 13,873 1,205 5,700 Updated regression
Central African Republic 2,370 0.1 2 0.0 886 558 351 22 330 Updated regression
Chad 5,485 0.1 7 0.0 1,214 713 520 19 537 Updated regression
Chile 12,461 0.3 590 0.2 47,313 28,030 27,300 8,017 13,176 Updated regression
China 998,205 21.4 21,656 8.5 21,695 11,325 11,947 1,577 7,555 Updated regression
Colombia 30,464 0.7 672 0.3 22,057 6,311 19,411 3,665 5,790 Updated regression
Comoros 388 0.0 1 0.0 3,161 1,093 2,136 69 681 Updated regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 31,854 0.7 11 0.0 344 209 142 7 135 Updated regression
Congo, Rep. 2,024 0.0 9 0.0 4,204 1,857 2,409 62 1,764 Updated regression
Costa Rica 3,246 0.1 95 0.0 29,205 8,790 22,380 1,964 7,147 Updated regression
Cote d'Ivoire 11,501 0.2 37 0.0 3,248 1,721 1,645 118 1,287 Updated regression
Croatia 3,498 0.1 97 0.0 27,688 18,609 16,099 7,020 14,823 Updated regression
Cyprus 694 0.0 96 0.0 138,213 99,920 89,045 50,751 32,825 Updated regression
Czech Republic 8,437 0.2 399 0.2 47,311 24,884 30,815 8,388 13,165 HBS
Denmark 4,190 0.1 1,178 0.5 281,256 235,219 161,970 115,933 60,202 Updated HBS
Djibouti 508 0.0 2 0.0 3,574 1,787 1,959 172 1,638 Updated regression
Dominica 50 0.0 1 0.0 24,630 4,885 21,124 1,379 7,525 Updated regression
Ecuador 8,723 0.2 108 0.0 12,326 1,328 12,314 1,316 4,215 Updated regression
Egypt 52,710 1.1 395 0.2 7,503 2,551 5,557 606 1,926 Updated regression
El Salvador 3,738 0.1 46 0.0 12,343 2,855 11,336 1,848 4,475 Updated regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 83

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2013), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 365 0.0 8 0.0 21,011 12,207 9,471 667 6,892 Updated regression
Eritrea 2,781 0.1 6 0.0 2,128 837 1,389 98 823 Updated regression
Estonia 1,055 0.0 44 0.0 41,879 29,103 24,039 11,263 15,538 Updated regression
Ethiopia 42,750 0.9 19 0.0 434 187 267 20 207 Updated regression
Fiji 523 0.0 3 0.0 6,163 2,150 4,588 575 2,154 Updated regression
Finland 4,195 0.1 743 0.3 177,029 81,275 140,147 44,393 78,816 Updated regression
France 48,124 1.0 14,776 5.8 307,048 126,073 222,836 41,861 153,173 HBS
Gabon 869 0.0 20 0.0 22,563 8,411 14,659 508 7,375 Updated regression
Gambia 908 0.0 1 0.0 844 394 484 35 294 Updated regression
Georgia 3,172 0.1 68 0.0 21,474 4,869 17,147 543 8,726 Updated regression
Germany 67,068 1.4 14,015 5.5 208,969 105,246 135,978 32,255 66,322 HBS
Ghana 13,501 0.3 20 0.0 1,488 1,003 664 178 650 Updated regression
Greece 9,105 0.2 953 0.4 104,693 45,306 78,263 18,877 52,598 Updated regression
Grenada 67 0.0 1 0.0 15,032 5,184 12,252 2,403 4,794 Updated regression
Guinea 5,301 0.1 5 0.0 910 419 516 25 429 Updated regression
Guinea-Bissau 836 0.0 0 0.0 477 301 190 14 166 Updated regression
Guyana 474 0.0 2 0.0 3,967 838 3,799 670 1,740 Updated regression
Haiti 5,813 0.1 21 0.0 3,685 250 3,485 50 1,213 Updated regression
Hong Kong 6,052 0.1 953 0.4 157,482 108,143 93,929 44,590 33,168 Updated regression
Hungary 7,915 0.2 265 0.1 33,517 17,770 21,122 5,375 14,054 HBS
Iceland 253 0.0 96 0.0 378,325 145,192 293,081 59,948 178,188 Updated regression
India 767,612 16.5 3,281 1.3 4,274 639 3,919 284 929 Updated regression
Indonesia 157,869 3.4 1,486 0.6 9,412 1,442 8,452 481 1,690 Updated regression
Iran 53,270 1.1 222 0.1 4,173 1,427 3,236 490 1,802 Updated regression
Ireland 3,488 0.1 744 0.3 213,168 131,450 150,831 69,113 70,429 Updated regression
Israel 4,947 0.1 818 0.3 165,400 137,040 59,446 31,087 45,298 HBS
Italy 49,117 1.1 11,977 4.7 243,838 108,693 160,833 25,688 109,948 HBS
Jamaica 1,719 0.0 19 0.0 10,762 2,497 9,890 1,625 3,739 Updated regression
Japan 104,315 2.2 22,030 8.6 211,190 149,969 93,888 32,667 106,683 HBS
Jordan 3,858 0.1 56 0.0 14,589 4,357 13,664 3,432 6,519 Updated regression
Kazakhstan 10,958 0.2 76 0.0 6,976 2,906 6,355 2,285 1,110 Updated regression
Kenya 20,757 0.4 45 0.0 2,148 1,521 792 164 847 Updated regression
Korea 38,350 0.8 3,408 1.3 88,863 65,140 53,837 30,113 32,192 Updated regression
Kuwait 2,291 0.0 283 0.1 123,375 67,829 79,853 24,306 44,627 Updated regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,568 0.1 19 0.0 5,252 1,158 4,158 64 2,617 Updated regression
Laos 3,618 0.1 20 0.0 5,629 1,386 4,299 56 2,528 Updated regression
Latvia 1,787 0.0 37 0.0 20,487 14,732 11,525 5,770 7,358 Updated regression
Lebanon 2,953 0.1 91 0.0 30,901 22,249 19,515 10,862 6,171 Updated regression
Lesotho 1,079 0.0 4 0.0 3,438 2,709 879 149 1,009 Updated regression
Liberia 2,118 0.0 4 0.0 2,089 832 1,313 56 893 Updated regression
Libya 4,291 0.1 137 0.1 31,950 5,968 26,295 312 5,527 Updated regression
Lithuania 2,537 0.1 63 0.0 24,835 15,361 14,826 5,352 9,154 Updated regression
Luxembourg 390 0.0 135 0.1 345,980 211,407 224,880 90,307 129,306 Updated regression
Macedonia 1,561 0.0 19 0.0 11,887 2,446 10,964 1,524 5,504 Updated regression
Madagascar 10,359 0.2 5 0.0 457 146 320 9 197 Updated regression
Malawi 7,417 0.2 1 0.0 168 105 67 4 70 Updated regression
Malaysia 18,382 0.4 492 0.2 26,738 17,622 15,910 6,793 7,261 Updated regression
Maldives 210 0.0 1 0.0 6,224 1,239 5,605 619 2,855 Updated regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 84

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2013), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 6,464 0.1 7 0.0 1,072 646 507 81 477 Updated regression
Malta 330 0.0 39 0.0 118,749 77,702 63,897 22,850 67,527 Updated regression
Mauritania 1,832 0.0 4 0.0 2,111 956 1,400 245 854 Updated regression
Mauritius 935 0.0 36 0.0 38,944 19,368 25,204 5,627 13,009 Updated regression
Mexico 73,380 1.6 2,294 0.9 31,265 15,371 20,721 4,828 9,168 Updated regression
Moldova 2,692 0.1 10 0.0 3,874 1,599 2,550 275 1,970 Updated regression
Mongolia 1,855 0.0 26 0.0 14,197 3,441 11,143 387 6,174 Updated regression
Montenegro 467 0.0 10 0.0 21,299 6,500 17,964 3,164 11,958 Updated regression
Morocco 21,355 0.5 259 0.1 12,115 4,639 8,593 1,118 3,108 Updated regression
Mozambique 11,441 0.2 10 0.0 868 553 365 50 351 Updated regression
Myanmar 34,180 0.7 67 0.0 1,965 15 1,959 9 845 Updated regression
Namibia 1,256 0.0 22 0.0 17,172 10,181 8,896 1,905 3,834 Updated regression
Nepal 17,273 0.4 33 0.0 1,912 646 1,315 50 744 Updated regression
Netherlands 12,914 0.3 2,515 1.0 194,731 197,761 83,733 86,763 95,921 Updated HBS
New Zealand 3,234 0.1 1,466 0.6 453,104 238,161 291,224 76,282 203,161 HBS
Nicaragua 3,424 0.1 12 0.0 3,408 390 3,307 290 1,458 Updated regression
Niger 7,014 0.2 7 0.0 1,064 603 501 40 503 Updated regression
Nigeria 80,462 1.7 276 0.1 3,433 2,198 1,576 341 885 Updated regression
Norway 3,733 0.1 1,354 0.5 362,642 140,273 346,039 123,669 136,112 Updated regression
Oman 1,872 0.0 91 0.0 48,822 22,948 31,104 5,230 19,138 Updated regression
Pakistan 106,365 2.3 441 0.2 4,149 1,469 2,805 125 2,155 Updated regression
Panama 2,322 0.0 53 0.0 23,000 12,723 13,475 3,197 5,962 Updated regression
Papua New Guinea 3,752 0.1 28 0.0 7,522 3,748 3,923 148 2,647 Updated regression
Paraguay 3,910 0.1 42 0.0 10,772 1,285 10,242 756 3,501 Updated regression
Peru 18,865 0.4 403 0.2 21,382 4,527 18,665 1,811 5,427 Updated regression
Philippines 56,730 1.2 502 0.2 8,857 4,056 5,164 363 1,941 Updated regression
Poland 30,255 0.6 897 0.4 29,654 16,831 19,299 6,476 8,486 Updated regression
Portugal 8,614 0.2 806 0.3 93,602 63,347 55,672 25,417 41,126 Updated regression
Qatar 1,278 0.0 196 0.1 153,694 99,818 73,059 19,183 60,509 Updated regression
Romania 16,692 0.4 297 0.1 17,771 9,941 10,477 2,646 5,197 Updated regression
Russia 110,365 2.4 2,177 0.9 19,727 4,396 18,150 2,819 2,138 Updated regression
Rwanda 5,306 0.1 4 0.0 718 451 319 52 229 Updated regression
Samoa 92 0.0 3 0.0 35,295 3,957 32,575 1,237 16,114 Updated regression
Sao Tome and Principe 86 0.0 0 0.0 2,890 1,598 1,476 184 1,277 Updated regression
Saudi Arabia 16,694 0.4 646 0.3 38,677 20,897 23,962 6,181 11,555 Updated regression
Senegal 6,423 0.1 18 0.0 2,835 1,448 1,552 165 1,165 Updated regression
Serbia 7,527 0.2 57 0.0 7,629 2,142 6,085 597 3,082 Updated regression
Seychelles 54 0.0 3 0.0 60,205 22,822 41,082 3,699 3,949 Updated regression
Sierra Leone 2,897 0.1 2 0.0 728 475 273 19 342 Updated regression
Singapore 3,955 0.1 1,140 0.4 288,098 177,971 166,218 56,091 110,714 HBS
Slovakia 4,303 0.1 122 0.0 28,402 16,528 19,763 7,889 21,510 Updated regression
Slovenia 1,655 0.0 112 0.0 67,752 31,949 45,554 9,751 49,343 Updated regression
Solomon Islands 298 0.0 3 0.0 10,373 2,884 7,820 330 4,358 Updated regression
South Africa 31,034 0.7 689 0.3 22,217 19,888 7,168 4,838 3,537 HBS
Spain 37,206 0.8 4,797 1.9 128,942 69,180 90,950 31,188 62,048 Updated regression
Sri Lanka 14,326 0.3 72 0.0 4,992 2,547 2,835 390 2,251 Updated regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 34 0.0 1 0.0 24,160 11,370 15,548 2,758 6,432 Updated regression
St. Lucia 119 0.0 2 0.0 13,608 4,203 11,651 2,246 4,467 Updated regression

Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook 2015 85

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (end-2013), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
71 0.0 1 0.0 10,450 1,930 10,791 2,271 3,597 Updated regression
Grenadines
Sudan 23,811 0.5 23 0.0 952 382 595 25 472 Updated regression
Suriname 344 0.0 5 0.0 15,021 2,090 14,000 1,069 2,338 Updated regression
Swaziland 628 0.0 3 0.0 4,230 3,434 1,209 413 1,262 Updated regression
Sweden 7,299 0.2 2,514 1.0 344,439 196,622 217,764 69,947 60,987 Updated regression
Switzerland 6,101 0.1 3,580 1.4 586,784 407,536 320,249 141,000 111,313 HBS
Syria 13,352 0.3 35 0.0 2,611 465 2,256 110 1,298 Updated regression
Taiwan 18,359 0.4 3,572 1.4 194,560 134,681 84,287 24,409 69,463 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 4,022 0.1 13 0.0 3,253 692 2,641 80 1,690 Updated regression
Tanzania 22,038 0.5 23 0.0 1,033 605 473 45 457 Updated regression
Thailand 49,642 1.1 362 0.1 7,288 4,510 4,994 2,216 1,689 Updated regression
Togo 3,693 0.1 10 0.0 2,679 1,069 1,743 133 1,005 Updated regression
Tonga 54 0.0 1 0.0 15,127 4,238 13,082 2,192 6,399 Updated regression
Trinidad and Tobago 987 0.0 16 0.0 15,852 9,404 7,684 1,236 6,491 Updated regression
Tunisia 7,452 0.2 158 0.1 21,220 9,398 13,092 1,270 8,001 Updated regression
Turkey 51,687 1.1 1,251 0.5 24,203 12,364 17,968 6,130 5,340 Updated regression
Turkmenistan 3,352 0.1 130 0.1 38,749 6,229 32,710 189 15,760 Updated regression
Uganda 15,107 0.3 13 0.0 828 483 377 32 318 Updated regression
Ukraine 35,912 0.8 124 0.0 3,447 725 3,588 866 348 Updated regression
United Arab Emirates 3,777 0.1 532 0.2 140,790 85,532 99,255 43,996 51,726 Updated regression
United Kingdom 48,220 1.0 13,719 5.4 284,503 168,924 169,232 53,653 132,153 HBS
United States 239,279 5.1 80,274 31.4 335,483 277,909 115,114 57,540 47,179 HBS
Uruguay 2,400 0.1 109 0.0 45,558 10,190 37,465 2,096 10,088 Updated regression
Vanuatu 138 0.0 1 0.0 5,713 829 5,293 409 2,437 Updated regression
Venezuela 18,991 0.4 130 0.1 6,851 1,696 5,476 322 1,703 Updated regression
Vietnam 61,765 1.3 309 0.1 5,011 1,782 3,541 313 2,384 Updated regression
West Bank and Gaza 2,204 0.0 13 0.0 5,759 1,561 4,451 253 2,569 Imputation
Yemen 12,192 0.3 63 0.0 5,135 1,732 3,459 56 2,269 Updated regression
Zambia 6,151 0.1 11 0.0 1,842 1,444 527 129 548 Updated regression
Zimbabwe 6,690 0.1 22 0.0 3,236 3,044 394 202 1,348 Updated regression
Africa 549,939 11.8 2,815 1.1 5,118 2,770 2,868 520 738
Asia-Pacific 1,104,832 23.7 48,753 19.1 44,127 27,569 24,535 7,978 2,839
China 998,205 21.4 21,656 8.5 21,695 11,325 11,947 1,577 7,555
Europe 583,373 12.5 83,043 32.5 142,349 74,291 93,634 25,576 19,864
India 767,612 16.5 3,281 1.3 4,274 639 3,919 284 929
Latin America 392,833 8.4 8,459 3.3 21,532 9,202 15,959 3,628 4,857
North America 266,545 5.7 87,561 34.3 328,505 267,768 118,744 58,008 57,302
World 4,663,338 100.0 255,567 100.0 54,803 34,761 29,198 9,156 3,557

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2014)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,253 0.0 23 0.0 10,329 1,879 9,152 703 4,206 Updated regression
Algeria 24,240 0.5 247 0.1 10,201 1,986 8,383 167 4,757 Updated regression
Angola 9,429 0.2 141 0.1 14,989 6,677 8,928 617 4,967 Updated regression
Antigua and Barbuda 64 0.0 1 0.0 20,403 6,983 17,417 3,997 5,795 Updated regression
Argentina 28,455 0.6 302 0.1 10,610 3,903 7,110 404 2,460 Updated regression
Armenia 2,270 0.0 13 0.0 5,945 1,059 5,110 225 2,753 Updated regression
Australia 16,719 0.4 7,061 2.7 422,373 213,334 322,767 113,728 212,657 HBS
Austria 6,778 0.1 1,595 0.6 235,390 114,090 154,596 33,296 80,283 Updated regression
Azerbaijan 6,329 0.1 134 0.1 21,219 4,132 17,421 334 12,255 Updated regression
Bahamas 244 0.0 10 0.0 42,807 16,560 32,396 6,150 7,375 Updated regression
Bahrain 579 0.0 29 0.0 49,311 33,523 33,031 17,242 25,048 Updated regression
Bangladesh 105,324 2.2 217 0.1 2,056 743 1,373 60 1,031 Updated regression
Barbados 200 0.0 4 0.0 18,684 7,830 13,985 3,132 5,044 Updated regression
Belarus 7,531 0.2 16 0.0 2,176 464 1,876 164 1,239 Updated regression
Belgium 8,405 0.2 2,579 1.0 306,821 187,543 156,431 37,153 178,138 Updated regression
Belize 190 0.0 2 0.0 10,394 2,751 8,411 768 3,186 Updated regression
Benin 4,811 0.1 17 0.0 3,570 1,535 2,222 187 1,534 Updated regression
Bolivia 5,876 0.1 29 0.0 4,894 910 4,525 541 1,799 Updated regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,987 0.1 37 0.0 12,390 2,540 11,267 1,418 4,714 Updated regression
Botswana 1,192 0.0 12 0.0 10,222 6,231 4,800 808 2,016 Updated regression
Brazil 136,399 2.9 3,194 1.2 23,415 10,917 17,923 5,425 4,533 Updated regression
Brunei 289 0.0 15 0.0 50,931 17,721 38,819 5,609 22,624 Updated regression
Bulgaria 5,971 0.1 123 0.0 20,620 12,785 10,763 2,928 8,087 Updated regression
Burkina Faso 7,850 0.2 11 0.0 1,463 855 719 111 574 Updated regression
Burundi 4,789 0.1 2 0.0 334 211 157 34 163 Updated regression
Cambodia 9,290 0.2 27 0.0 2,913 907 2,076 70 1,296 Updated regression
Cameroon 10,599 0.2 31 0.0 2,909 1,669 1,359 118 1,163 Updated regression
Canada 27,343 0.6 7,615 2.9 278,498 186,465 153,534 61,501 110,856 HBS
Cape Verde 299 0.0 5 0.0 18,251 5,266 14,220 1,235 6,489 Updated regression
Central African Republic 2,399 0.1 2 0.0 904 569 358 23 337 Updated regression
Chad 5,567 0.1 7 0.0 1,206 708 517 19 534 Updated regression
Chile 12,561 0.3 583 0.2 46,385 28,045 26,356 8,016 12,572 Updated regression
China 1,003,406 21.4 21,323 8.1 21,250 11,125 11,788 1,662 7,264 Updated regression
Colombia 30,771 0.7 839 0.3 27,275 7,804 24,003 4,532 7,172 Updated regression
Comoros 392 0.0 1 0.0 3,215 1,112 2,173 70 810 Updated regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 32,392 0.7 11 0.0 354 215 147 8 150 Updated regression
Congo, Rep. 2,060 0.0 9 0.0 4,182 1,847 2,396 61 1,573 Updated regression
Costa Rica 3,281 0.1 91 0.0 27,741 8,349 21,258 1,866 6,639 Updated regression
Cote d'Ivoire 11,672 0.2 38 0.0 3,241 1,712 1,652 124 1,194 Updated regression
Croatia 3,498 0.1 98 0.0 28,116 18,837 16,255 6,976 15,047 Updated regression
Cyprus 699 0.0 92 0.0 131,019 88,883 91,585 49,449 32,719 Updated regression
Czech Republic 8,446 0.2 412 0.2 48,731 26,181 31,109 8,560 13,223 HBS
Denmark 4,199 0.1 1,196 0.5 284,739 236,588 165,604 117,453 81,861 Updated HBS
Djibouti 514 0.0 2 0.0 3,641 1,820 1,996 175 1,467 Updated regression
Dominica 50 0.0 1 0.0 25,111 4,980 21,538 1,406 7,539 Updated regression
Ecuador 8,812 0.2 110 0.0 12,457 1,327 12,518 1,388 3,925 Updated regression
Egypt 53,248 1.1 392 0.1 7,371 2,501 5,488 618 1,848 Updated regression
El Salvador 3,774 0.1 48 0.0 12,654 2,927 11,622 1,895 4,556 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2014), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 370 0.0 8 0.0 20,808 12,089 9,379 660 7,577 Updated regression
Eritrea 2,826 0.1 6 0.0 2,198 865 1,435 102 849 Updated regression
Estonia 1,053 0.0 45 0.0 42,981 29,873 24,958 11,851 22,595 Updated regression
Ethiopia 43,474 0.9 19 0.0 438 188 269 20 227 Updated regression
Fiji 526 0.0 3 0.0 6,497 2,267 4,837 606 2,271 Updated regression
Finland 4,205 0.1 759 0.3 180,444 83,512 142,429 45,497 78,752 Updated regression
France 48,234 1.0 15,234 5.8 315,841 130,839 224,319 39,317 106,282 HBS
Gabon 881 0.0 20 0.0 22,153 8,258 14,393 499 8,081 Updated regression
Gambia 922 0.0 1 0.0 833 389 478 34 330 Updated regression
Georgia 3,170 0.1 69 0.0 21,889 4,964 17,479 554 9,826 Updated regression
Germany 67,074 1.4 13,935 5.3 207,752 101,536 138,281 32,065 65,445 HBS
Ghana 13,682 0.3 14 0.0 1,040 694 482 136 454 Updated regression
Greece 9,114 0.2 894 0.3 98,097 39,140 77,351 18,394 43,480 Updated regression
Grenada 68 0.0 1 0.0 15,375 5,302 12,531 2,458 4,858 Updated regression
Guinea 5,389 0.1 5 0.0 910 419 516 25 429 Updated regression
Guinea-Bissau 846 0.0 0 0.0 482 304 192 14 194 Updated regression
Guyana 476 0.0 2 0.0 4,124 871 3,949 696 1,559 Updated regression
Haiti 5,880 0.1 22 0.0 3,778 257 3,572 51 1,173 Updated regression
Hong Kong 6,098 0.1 992 0.4 162,715 111,736 97,051 46,072 33,194 Updated regression
Hungary 7,914 0.2 282 0.1 35,642 19,950 20,767 5,076 14,937 HBS
Iceland 255 0.0 100 0.0 393,649 149,040 307,595 62,985 186,522 Updated regression
India 775,767 16.5 3,482 1.3 4,489 685 4,118 315 963 Updated regression
Indonesia 159,141 3.4 1,570 0.6 9,867 1,515 8,898 545 1,878 Updated regression
Iran 53,727 1.1 226 0.1 4,206 1,433 3,288 515 1,970 Updated regression
Ireland 3,508 0.1 792 0.3 225,869 136,218 156,604 66,953 74,678 Updated regression
Israel 4,988 0.1 856 0.3 171,617 141,931 62,049 32,363 52,890 HBS
Italy 49,163 1.0 12,098 4.6 246,069 110,715 160,671 25,317 129,281 HBS
Jamaica 1,730 0.0 18 0.0 10,230 2,323 9,507 1,600 3,532 Updated regression
Japan 104,307 2.2 23,299 8.9 223,367 155,669 101,265 33,567 112,831 HBS
Jordan 3,894 0.1 57 0.0 14,672 4,380 13,896 3,603 6,555 Updated regression
Kazakhstan 11,001 0.2 64 0.0 5,818 2,450 5,461 2,092 980 Updated regression
Kenya 21,055 0.4 45 0.0 2,134 1,513 795 174 840 Updated regression
Korea 38,541 0.8 3,690 1.4 95,741 70,449 56,976 31,684 34,057 Updated regression
Kuwait 2,318 0.0 285 0.1 122,805 67,475 80,016 24,685 44,202 Updated regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,601 0.1 20 0.0 5,450 1,202 4,315 67 2,502 Updated regression
Laos 3,673 0.1 21 0.0 5,830 1,436 4,452 58 2,619 Updated regression
Latvia 1,783 0.0 44 0.0 24,722 18,083 11,881 5,243 8,877 Updated regression
Lebanon 2,976 0.1 91 0.0 30,733 22,372 19,769 11,409 5,591 Updated regression
Lesotho 1,087 0.0 4 0.0 3,541 2,789 905 154 1,218 Updated regression
Liberia 2,149 0.0 4 0.0 1,843 734 1,159 50 788 Updated regression
Libya 4,334 0.1 141 0.1 32,484 6,067 26,734 317 5,850 Updated regression
Lithuania 2,534 0.1 66 0.0 25,879 16,327 15,293 5,741 9,536 Updated regression
Luxembourg 393 0.0 133 0.1 339,725 202,097 230,892 93,263 125,930 Updated regression
Macedonia 1,566 0.0 18 0.0 11,787 2,386 10,996 1,594 3,860 Updated regression
Madagascar 10,537 0.2 5 0.0 435 139 305 9 176 Updated regression
Malawi 7,547 0.2 1 0.0 184 116 73 4 73 Updated regression
Malaysia 18,589 0.4 513 0.2 27,581 18,155 16,804 7,378 7,004 Updated regression
Maldives 213 0.0 1 0.0 6,353 1,265 5,720 632 2,914 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2014), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 6,553 0.1 7 0.0 1,086 654 513 82 483 Updated regression
Malta 331 0.0 40 0.0 122,297 80,889 64,728 23,320 60,577 Updated regression
Mauritania 1,856 0.0 4 0.0 2,172 984 1,440 252 975 Updated regression
Mauritius 941 0.0 37 0.0 38,942 19,346 25,483 5,888 14,356 Updated regression
Mexico 74,065 1.6 2,351 0.9 31,743 15,504 21,372 5,133 9,238 Updated regression
Moldova 2,689 0.1 10 0.0 3,783 1,561 2,490 268 1,923 Updated regression
Mongolia 1,872 0.0 27 0.0 14,234 3,450 11,172 388 6,779 Updated regression
Montenegro 468 0.0 10 0.0 21,675 6,615 18,281 3,220 12,167 Updated regression
Morocco 21,552 0.5 259 0.1 12,014 4,642 8,555 1,183 3,082 Updated regression
Mozambique 11,580 0.2 10 0.0 867 553 365 50 350 Updated regression
Myanmar 34,447 0.7 69 0.0 2,015 16 2,008 9 866 Updated regression
Namibia 1,273 0.0 22 0.0 17,471 10,540 8,910 1,980 3,537 Updated regression
Nepal 17,525 0.4 35 0.0 2,024 684 1,393 53 813 Updated regression
Netherlands 12,948 0.3 2,680 1.0 206,977 208,193 84,957 86,174 85,366 Updated HBS
New Zealand 3,254 0.1 1,577 0.6 484,789 254,632 312,001 81,844 177,703 HBS
Nicaragua 3,472 0.1 12 0.0 3,403 390 3,302 289 1,455 Updated regression
Niger 7,141 0.2 8 0.0 1,085 614 511 41 513 Updated regression
Nigeria 81,533 1.7 276 0.1 3,384 2,163 1,571 349 852 Updated regression
Norway 3,751 0.1 1,480 0.6 394,568 160,973 356,381 122,786 203,160 Updated regression
Oman 1,897 0.0 95 0.0 49,892 23,416 31,808 5,332 19,521 Updated regression
Pakistan 107,904 2.3 487 0.2 4,513 1,617 3,034 138 2,152 Updated regression
Panama 2,345 0.0 54 0.0 22,923 12,610 13,719 3,405 5,836 Updated regression
Papua New Guinea 3,805 0.1 31 0.0 8,213 4,092 4,283 162 2,671 Updated regression
Paraguay 3,959 0.1 46 0.0 11,726 1,399 11,150 823 3,786 Updated regression
Peru 19,051 0.4 442 0.2 23,182 4,545 20,572 1,934 5,883 Updated regression
Philippines 57,441 1.2 528 0.2 9,189 4,216 5,362 390 1,964 Updated regression
Poland 30,282 0.6 895 0.3 29,565 17,177 19,024 6,635 8,407 Updated regression
Portugal 8,623 0.2 772 0.3 89,554 57,317 56,567 24,331 33,474 Updated regression
Qatar 1,282 0.0 200 0.1 155,764 101,590 73,803 19,630 53,795 Updated regression
Romania 16,664 0.4 273 0.1 16,405 8,420 10,629 2,644 4,795 Updated regression
Russia 110,091 2.3 2,091 0.8 18,991 4,206 17,694 2,909 2,527 Updated regression
Rwanda 5,375 0.1 4 0.0 745 468 331 54 238 Updated regression
Samoa 92 0.0 3 0.0 37,516 4,206 34,625 1,315 15,148 Updated regression
Sao Tome and Principe 87 0.0 0 0.0 2,976 1,645 1,520 189 1,140 Updated regression
Saudi Arabia 16,933 0.4 662 0.3 39,113 21,201 24,259 6,347 11,840 Updated regression
Senegal 6,526 0.1 19 0.0 2,872 1,467 1,572 167 1,179 Updated regression
Serbia 7,531 0.2 59 0.0 7,788 2,187 6,212 610 4,212 Updated regression
Seychelles 55 0.0 3 0.0 59,961 22,730 40,915 3,684 3,680 Updated regression
Sierra Leone 2,930 0.1 2 0.0 722 471 270 19 310 Updated regression
Singapore 3,988 0.1 1,158 0.4 290,280 183,635 163,898 57,253 109,931 HBS
Slovakia 4,312 0.1 119 0.0 27,660 15,689 20,083 8,111 20,949 Updated regression
Slovenia 1,656 0.0 113 0.0 68,307 33,459 44,837 9,989 49,739 Updated regression
Solomon Islands 303 0.0 3 0.0 10,425 2,898 7,859 332 4,937 Updated regression
South Africa 31,142 0.7 688 0.3 22,078 19,764 7,301 4,986 3,573 HBS
Spain 37,332 0.8 4,974 1.9 133,250 71,903 91,475 30,128 63,530 Updated regression
Sri Lanka 14,386 0.3 73 0.0 5,069 2,589 2,897 417 2,111 Updated regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 35 0.0 1 0.0 24,580 11,568 15,818 2,806 6,434 Updated regression
St. Lucia 120 0.0 2 0.0 13,879 4,287 11,883 2,291 4,519 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2014), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
72 0.0 1 0.0 10,728 1,981 11,078 2,332 3,666 Updated regression
Grenadines
Sudan 24,162 0.5 24 0.0 991 398 620 26 492 Updated regression
Suriname 346 0.0 5 0.0 15,879 2,209 14,800 1,130 2,414 Updated regression
Swaziland 637 0.0 3 0.0 4,216 3,423 1,205 411 1,399 Updated regression
Sweden 7,324 0.2 2,610 1.0 356,406 206,786 216,706 67,086 66,077 Updated regression
Switzerland 6,120 0.1 3,623 1.4 591,948 412,671 324,461 145,185 109,263 HBS
Syria 13,469 0.3 34 0.0 2,504 446 2,164 106 1,245 Updated regression
Taiwan 18,389 0.4 3,672 1.4 199,701 138,486 86,410 25,194 70,241 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 4,083 0.1 13 0.0 3,223 686 2,616 79 1,674 Updated regression
Tanzania 22,374 0.5 23 0.0 1,021 598 467 45 452 Updated regression
Thailand 49,871 1.1 379 0.1 7,601 4,668 5,309 2,376 1,688 Updated regression
Togo 3,750 0.1 10 0.0 2,699 1,077 1,756 134 1,011 Updated regression
Tonga 55 0.0 1 0.0 15,773 4,418 13,640 2,286 6,671 Updated regression
Trinidad and Tobago 990 0.0 16 0.0 15,863 9,380 7,797 1,315 6,444 Updated regression
Tunisia 7,512 0.2 157 0.1 20,938 9,264 12,975 1,302 8,482 Updated regression
Turkey 52,153 1.1 1,288 0.5 24,690 12,772 18,559 6,641 5,370 Updated regression
Turkmenistan 3,390 0.1 138 0.1 40,630 6,531 34,298 198 17,976 Updated regression
Uganda 15,394 0.3 13 0.0 819 477 373 31 315 Updated regression
Ukraine 35,812 0.8 86 0.0 2,412 500 2,567 655 306 Updated regression
United Arab Emirates 3,810 0.1 552 0.2 144,772 86,523 103,265 45,015 53,371 Updated regression
United Kingdom 48,381 1.0 15,242 5.8 315,037 192,895 180,425 58,282 145,754 HBS
United States 240,648 5.1 81,262 30.9 337,680 278,033 117,284 57,637 55,582 HBS
Uruguay 2,410 0.1 106 0.0 43,917 9,823 36,115 2,021 10,248 Updated regression
Vanuatu 140 0.0 1 0.0 6,053 878 5,608 433 2,916 Updated regression
Venezuela 19,194 0.4 130 0.0 6,796 1,683 5,432 319 1,754 Updated regression
Vietnam 62,403 1.3 314 0.1 5,034 1,797 3,570 332 2,240 Updated regression
West Bank and Gaza 2,245 0.0 13 0.0 6,007 1,635 4,650 278 2,679 Imputation
Yemen 12,427 0.3 65 0.0 5,214 1,759 3,512 57 2,304 Updated regression
Zambia 6,236 0.1 10 0.0 1,627 1,276 473 122 447 Updated regression
Zimbabwe 6,831 0.1 23 0.0 3,372 3,172 411 211 1,292 Updated regression
Africa 557,336 11.9 2,819 1.1 5,058 2,733 2,855 531 720
Asia-Pacific 1,114,814 23.7 51,313 19.5 46,029 28,561 25,885 8,417 2,906
China 1,003,406 21.4 21,323 8.1 21,250 11,125 11,788 1,662 7,264
Europe 583,651 12.4 85,723 32.6 146,873 77,307 95,237 25,670 19,819
India 775,767 16.5 3,482 1.3 4,489 685 4,118 315 963
Latin America 396,273 8.4 8,996 3.4 22,703 9,637 17,010 3,945 5,004
North America 268,086 5.7 88,909 33.9 331,642 268,690 120,983 58,031 57,918
World 4,699,334 100.0 262,565 100.0 55,873 35,330 29,840 9,298 3,527

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2015)

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Albania 2,285 0.0 20 0.0 8,713 1,585 7,720 593 4,773 Updated regression
Algeria 24,736 0.5 205 0.1 8,274 1,611 6,799 136 3,523 Updated regression
Angola 9,740 0.2 149 0.1 15,302 6,817 9,115 630 4,931 Updated regression
Antigua and Barbuda 65 0.0 1 0.0 21,567 7,382 18,411 4,225 5,953 Updated regression
Argentina 28,832 0.6 282 0.1 9,778 3,616 6,555 393 2,203 Updated regression
Armenia 2,283 0.0 12 0.0 5,343 952 4,593 202 2,732 Updated regression
Australia 16,919 0.4 6,174 2.5 364,896 185,193 276,862 97,159 168,291 HBS
Austria 6,809 0.1 1,335 0.5 196,092 95,422 128,869 28,199 66,617 Updated regression
Azerbaijan 6,430 0.1 115 0.0 17,837 3,473 14,645 281 10,299 Updated regression
Bahamas 249 0.0 11 0.0 44,299 17,138 33,526 6,365 7,189 Updated regression
Bahrain 595 0.0 29 0.0 49,163 33,463 33,793 18,094 24,922 Updated regression
Bangladesh 107,702 2.3 237 0.1 2,201 795 1,470 64 1,104 Updated regression
Barbados 202 0.0 4 0.0 20,022 8,770 14,592 3,340 4,625 Updated regression
Belarus 7,504 0.2 12 0.0 1,551 331 1,337 117 883 Updated regression
Belgium 8,440 0.2 2,189 0.9 259,406 161,478 131,338 33,410 150,348 Updated regression
Belize 196 0.0 2 0.0 10,602 2,806 8,579 783 2,834 Updated regression
Benin 4,970 0.1 15 0.0 3,044 1,309 1,895 159 1,303 Updated regression
Bolivia 6,026 0.1 31 0.0 5,202 968 4,810 575 1,904 Updated regression
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,990 0.1 32 0.0 10,704 2,194 9,734 1,225 5,518 Updated regression
Botswana 1,214 0.0 11 0.0 9,196 5,574 4,420 798 1,758 Updated regression
Brazil 138,439 2.9 2,436 1.0 17,597 8,204 13,470 4,077 3,311 Updated regression
Brunei 296 0.0 14 0.0 46,512 16,184 35,451 5,123 23,716 Updated regression
Bulgaria 5,930 0.1 94 0.0 15,892 9,526 9,070 2,704 8,542 Updated regression
Burkina Faso 8,110 0.2 10 0.0 1,265 739 622 96 496 Updated regression
Burundi 4,909 0.1 2 0.0 356 225 167 36 174 Updated regression
Cambodia 9,563 0.2 30 0.0 3,163 984 2,254 76 1,495 Updated regression
Cameroon 10,881 0.2 27 0.0 2,458 1,410 1,148 100 980 Updated regression
Canada 27,677 0.6 6,872 2.7 248,276 167,584 135,156 54,464 74,750 HBS
Cape Verde 307 0.0 5 0.0 15,732 4,539 12,257 1,064 5,434 Updated regression
Central African Republic 2,457 0.1 2 0.0 773 486 306 20 259 Updated regression
Chad 5,735 0.1 6 0.0 985 578 422 16 436 Updated regression
Chile 12,754 0.3 535 0.2 41,982 25,962 23,593 7,573 13,503 Updated regression
China 1,013,536 21.2 22,817 9.1 22,513 12,752 11,704 1,943 7,357 Updated regression
Colombia 31,382 0.7 643 0.3 20,477 5,859 18,020 3,402 5,765 Updated regression
Comoros 402 0.0 1 0.0 2,741 948 1,853 60 685 Updated regression
Congo, Dem. Rep. 33,485 0.7 13 0.0 374 227 155 8 147 Updated regression
Congo, Rep. 2,131 0.0 7 0.0 3,344 1,477 1,916 49 1,394 Updated regression
Costa Rica 3,349 0.1 100 0.0 29,862 8,987 22,883 2,008 6,861 Updated regression
Cote d'Ivoire 12,019 0.3 32 0.0 2,698 1,417 1,393 112 1,064 Updated regression
Croatia 3,497 0.1 78 0.0 22,386 15,052 13,604 6,270 11,974 Updated regression
Cyprus 709 0.0 80 0.0 112,220 77,883 75,224 40,886 25,559 Updated regression
Czech Republic 8,459 0.2 353 0.1 41,710 22,666 26,326 7,283 14,256 HBS
Denmark 4,218 0.1 1,061 0.4 251,634 209,272 138,587 96,224 51,854 Updated HBS
Djibouti 528 0.0 2 0.0 3,846 1,923 2,109 185 1,543 Updated regression
Dominica 51 0.0 1 0.0 26,122 5,181 22,404 1,463 7,595 Updated regression
Ecuador 8,990 0.2 114 0.0 12,717 1,325 12,933 1,541 3,945 Updated regression
Egypt 54,333 1.1 379 0.2 6,983 2,312 5,317 647 1,664 Updated regression
El Salvador 3,846 0.1 51 0.0 13,337 3,085 12,249 1,997 5,137 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2015), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Equatorial Guinea 380 0.0 6 0.0 16,450 9,557 7,415 522 5,814 Updated regression
Eritrea 2,915 0.1 7 0.0 2,383 937 1,556 110 1,003 Updated regression
Estonia 1,049 0.0 37 0.0 35,503 24,513 21,218 10,229 18,640 Updated regression
Ethiopia 44,938 0.9 20 0.0 441 190 272 20 229 Updated regression
Fiji 533 0.0 3 0.0 5,893 2,056 4,387 550 2,060 Updated regression
Finland 4,225 0.1 633 0.3 149,917 70,014 117,955 38,052 62,729 Updated regression
France 48,450 1.0 12,697 5.1 262,070 109,859 184,880 32,668 86,156 HBS
Gabon 906 0.0 16 0.0 17,701 6,599 11,501 398 6,259 Updated regression
Gambia 950 0.0 1 0.0 886 414 509 36 309 Updated regression
Georgia 3,164 0.1 59 0.0 18,636 4,226 14,881 471 8,361 Updated regression
Germany 67,079 1.4 11,939 4.8 177,984 88,541 116,464 27,021 43,898 HBS
Ghana 14,046 0.3 11 0.0 773 510 381 118 337 Updated regression
Greece 9,131 0.2 743 0.3 81,342 32,167 63,918 14,742 38,552 Updated regression
Grenada 68 0.0 1 0.0 16,085 5,547 13,110 2,572 4,995 Updated regression
Guinea 5,567 0.1 5 0.0 960 442 545 27 415 Updated regression
Guinea-Bissau 867 0.0 0 0.0 410 259 163 12 165 Updated regression
Guyana 479 0.0 2 0.0 4,450 940 4,262 752 1,679 Updated regression
Haiti 6,015 0.1 21 0.0 3,506 238 3,316 48 1,085 Updated regression
Hong Kong 6,186 0.1 1,074 0.4 173,685 119,270 103,594 49,178 36,545 Updated regression
Hungary 7,910 0.2 244 0.1 30,796 17,533 17,155 3,893 17,362 HBS
Iceland 259 0.0 91 0.0 351,037 128,978 278,913 56,854 118,947 Updated regression
India 792,023 16.6 3,447 1.4 4,352 651 4,047 346 868 Updated regression
Indonesia 161,671 3.4 1,460 0.6 9,031 1,333 8,290 592 1,615 Updated regression
Iran 54,597 1.1 200 0.1 3,654 1,166 2,990 502 1,711 Updated regression
Ireland 3,547 0.1 690 0.3 194,650 116,952 132,434 54,736 64,444 Updated regression
Israel 5,071 0.1 791 0.3 155,982 128,460 58,644 31,122 41,926 HBS
Italy 49,244 1.0 10,025 4.0 203,577 93,190 131,186 20,799 88,603 HBS
Jamaica 1,753 0.0 18 0.0 10,032 2,310 9,379 1,657 3,424 Updated regression
Japan 104,279 2.2 19,837 7.9 190,230 134,484 85,707 29,962 96,071 HBS
Jordan 3,972 0.1 59 0.0 14,742 4,367 14,342 3,967 7,190 Updated regression
Kazakhstan 11,080 0.2 62 0.0 5,593 2,428 5,619 2,453 889 Updated regression
Kenya 21,657 0.5 41 0.0 1,879 1,327 731 180 738 Updated regression
Korea 38,912 0.8 3,545 1.4 91,108 67,986 53,647 30,525 31,259 Updated regression
Kuwait 2,370 0.0 269 0.1 113,419 61,530 75,939 24,050 40,438 Updated regression
Kyrgyzstan 3,666 0.1 18 0.0 4,896 1,080 3,877 60 2,248 Updated regression
Laos 3,785 0.1 24 0.0 6,219 1,532 4,750 62 3,062 Updated regression
Latvia 1,775 0.0 37 0.0 20,977 15,752 9,464 4,239 7,528 Updated regression
Lebanon 3,024 0.1 91 0.0 30,207 22,443 20,462 12,697 5,340 Updated regression
Lesotho 1,104 0.0 4 0.0 3,384 2,666 865 147 984 Updated regression
Liberia 2,213 0.0 5 0.0 2,133 850 1,341 58 910 Updated regression
Libya 4,420 0.1 127 0.1 28,628 5,347 23,560 280 4,789 Updated regression
Lithuania 2,527 0.1 57 0.0 22,628 14,800 13,096 5,267 8,333 Updated regression
Luxembourg 398 0.0 121 0.0 303,695 189,107 195,184 80,595 110,885 Updated regression
Macedonia 1,574 0.0 15 0.0 9,605 1,908 9,156 1,458 3,145 Updated regression
Madagascar 10,900 0.2 4 0.0 340 109 238 7 137 Updated regression
Malawi 7,812 0.2 1 0.0 169 106 67 4 70 Updated regression
Malaysia 19,000 0.4 431 0.2 22,700 15,024 14,779 7,103 6,194 Updated regression
Maldives 219 0.0 1 0.0 6,724 1,338 6,055 669 3,084 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2015), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
Mali 6,735 0.1 6 0.0 923 556 436 70 411 Updated regression
Malta 333 0.0 37 0.0 110,998 75,501 55,324 19,828 54,787 Updated regression
Mauritania 1,905 0.0 4 0.0 2,038 923 1,352 237 823 Updated regression
Mauritius 953 0.0 32 0.0 33,770 16,676 22,758 5,664 10,498 Updated regression
Mexico 75,422 1.6 1,957 0.8 25,949 12,071 18,565 4,688 7,978 Updated regression
Moldova 2,683 0.1 8 0.0 3,104 1,281 2,043 220 1,578 Updated regression
Mongolia 1,907 0.0 30 0.0 15,548 3,768 12,203 424 6,758 Updated regression
Montenegro 469 0.0 9 0.0 18,251 5,570 15,393 2,711 10,241 Updated regression
Morocco 21,941 0.5 222 0.1 10,123 3,849 7,400 1,125 2,814 Updated regression
Mozambique 11,865 0.2 9 0.0 779 496 328 45 285 Updated regression
Myanmar 34,973 0.7 74 0.0 2,119 17 2,112 10 984 Updated regression
Namibia 1,307 0.0 20 0.0 15,420 9,296 8,045 1,922 3,228 Updated regression
Nepal 18,035 0.4 37 0.0 2,025 684 1,393 53 788 Updated regression
Netherlands 13,016 0.3 2,379 1.0 182,782 183,809 71,476 72,502 74,659 Updated HBS
New Zealand 3,292 0.1 1,320 0.5 400,811 202,040 264,446 65,675 182,618 HBS
Nicaragua 3,566 0.1 12 0.0 3,418 392 3,317 291 1,352 Updated regression
Niger 7,401 0.2 7 0.0 934 529 440 35 441 Updated regression
Nigeria 83,703 1.8 226 0.1 2,705 1,692 1,326 313 650 Updated regression
Norway 3,788 0.1 1,217 0.5 321,352 130,565 290,838 100,050 119,634 Updated regression
Oman 1,948 0.0 98 0.0 50,362 23,346 32,451 5,436 19,642 Updated regression
Pakistan 110,991 2.3 495 0.2 4,459 1,575 3,030 146 2,316 Updated regression
Panama 2,392 0.1 54 0.0 22,541 12,181 14,214 3,854 5,553 Updated regression
Papua New Guinea 3,916 0.1 34 0.0 8,797 4,383 4,588 173 2,860 Updated regression
Paraguay 4,057 0.1 43 0.0 10,505 1,254 9,989 737 3,672 Updated regression
Peru 19,423 0.4 391 0.2 20,113 3,902 18,136 1,925 5,105 Updated regression
Philippines 58,863 1.2 540 0.2 9,177 4,110 5,489 421 1,856 Updated regression
Poland 30,326 0.6 739 0.3 24,370 14,585 15,582 5,798 9,112 Updated regression
Portugal 8,640 0.2 638 0.3 73,843 47,464 47,486 21,107 27,297 Updated regression
Qatar 1,290 0.0 203 0.1 156,986 101,983 75,629 20,626 60,846 Updated regression
Romania 16,609 0.3 221 0.1 13,295 6,742 8,832 2,279 5,191 Updated regression
Russia 109,516 2.3 1,284 0.5 11,726 2,490 11,277 2,041 1,388 Updated regression
Rwanda 5,517 0.1 4 0.0 766 481 341 55 269 Updated regression
Samoa 94 0.0 3 0.0 35,273 3,955 32,555 1,237 16,059 Updated regression
Sao Tome and Principe 90 0.0 0 0.0 3,080 1,703 1,573 196 1,353 Updated regression
Saudi Arabia 17,409 0.4 687 0.3 39,481 21,314 24,888 6,721 13,131 Updated regression
Senegal 6,735 0.1 16 0.0 2,446 1,249 1,339 142 1,088 Updated regression
Serbia 7,537 0.2 50 0.0 6,585 1,849 5,252 516 3,561 Updated regression
Seychelles 56 0.0 3 0.0 58,651 22,233 40,021 3,604 3,152 Updated regression
Sierra Leone 2,999 0.1 2 0.0 747 487 280 20 351 Updated regression
Singapore 4,051 0.1 1,091 0.4 269,408 175,158 148,893 54,642 98,922 HBS
Slovakia 4,328 0.1 104 0.0 24,062 14,372 16,991 7,301 18,223 Updated regression
Slovenia 1,659 0.0 94 0.0 56,406 27,179 37,593 8,367 41,061 Updated regression
Solomon Islands 312 0.0 3 0.0 9,702 2,697 7,314 309 4,594 Updated regression
South Africa 31,357 0.7 671 0.3 21,402 18,653 7,672 4,923 3,379 HBS
Spain 37,573 0.8 4,195 1.7 111,643 59,119 76,421 23,897 52,223 Updated regression
Sri Lanka 14,501 0.3 73 0.0 5,017 2,554 2,932 468 2,090 Updated regression
St. Kitts and Nevis 36 0.0 1 0.0 25,503 12,002 16,412 2,911 6,470 Updated regression
St. Lucia 122 0.0 2 0.0 14,450 4,463 12,373 2,386 5,382 Updated regression

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Table 2-4: Wealth estimates by country (mid-2015), continued

Non-
Financial financial Median
Country Share of Total Share of Wealth wealth wealth Debt per wealth Estimation
Adults adults wealth wealth per adult per adult per adult adult per adult method
thousand % USD bn % USD USD USD USD USD
St. Vincent and the
72 0.0 1 0.0 11,339 2,094 11,709 2,464 3,825 Updated regression
Grenadines
Sudan 24,874 0.5 25 0.0 1,018 409 637 27 465 Updated regression
Suriname 351 0.0 6 0.0 17,575 2,445 16,380 1,251 2,187 Updated regression
Swaziland 653 0.0 2 0.0 3,749 3,043 1,071 366 1,107 Updated regression
Sweden 7,369 0.2 2,294 0.9 311,353 184,437 183,678 56,762 57,433 Updated regression
Switzerland 6,156 0.1 3,491 1.4 567,122 394,628 317,521 145,027 107,583 HBS
Syria 13,710 0.3 24 0.0 1,775 316 1,533 75 818 Updated regression
Taiwan 18,449 0.4 3,592 1.4 194,701 136,044 84,737 26,080 66,423 Updated HBS
Tajikistan 4,207 0.1 11 0.0 2,691 573 2,185 66 1,398 Updated regression
Tanzania 23,057 0.5 21 0.0 907 532 416 40 430 Updated regression
Thailand 50,314 1.1 369 0.1 7,330 4,498 5,391 2,559 1,264 Updated regression
Togo 3,866 0.1 9 0.0 2,261 902 1,471 112 845 Updated regression
Tonga 55 0.0 1 0.0 14,077 3,943 12,174 2,040 5,952 Updated regression
Trinidad and Tobago 996 0.0 16 0.0 16,160 9,487 8,194 1,520 5,841 Updated regression
Tunisia 7,629 0.2 140 0.1 18,397 8,090 11,555 1,249 6,640 Updated regression
Turkey 53,083 1.1 1,025 0.4 19,301 10,089 15,256 6,044 4,469 Updated regression
Turkmenistan 3,462 0.1 156 0.1 44,915 7,220 37,915 219 19,822 Updated regression
Uganda 15,979 0.3 11 0.0 674 393 307 26 281 Updated regression
Ukraine 35,600 0.7 51 0.0 1,437 370 1,494 427 166 Updated regression
United Arab Emirates 3,877 0.1 560 0.2 144,377 88,117 103,491 47,231 59,518 Updated regression
United Kingdom 48,696 1.0 15,601 6.2 320,368 197,805 178,128 55,566 126,472 HBS
United States 243,349 5.1 85,901 34.3 352,996 283,059 128,638 58,701 49,787 HBS
Uruguay 2,428 0.1 95 0.0 39,299 8,790 32,317 1,808 8,734 Updated regression
Vanuatu 145 0.0 1 0.0 5,575 809 5,165 399 2,378 Updated regression
Venezuela 19,597 0.4 132 0.1 6,725 1,665 5,376 316 1,469 Updated regression
Vietnam 63,645 1.3 320 0.1 5,030 1,783 3,620 372 2,393 Updated regression
West Bank and Gaza 2,331 0.0 13 0.0 5,759 1,570 4,488 299 2,569 Imputation
Yemen 12,903 0.3 69 0.0 5,370 1,812 3,617 59 2,595 Updated regression
Zambia 6,414 0.1 9 0.0 1,383 1,088 413 118 379 Updated regression
Zimbabwe 7,111 0.1 26 0.0 3,650 3,434 445 228 1,509 Updated regression
Africa 572,266 12.0 2,596 1.0 4,536 2,441 2,605 511 639
Asia-Pacific 1,134,624 23.8 45,958 18.4 40,505 25,270 22,927 7,691 2,711
China 1,013,536 21.2 22,817 9.1 22,513 12,752 11,704 1,943 7,357
Europe 584,088 12.2 75,059 30.0 128,506 69,211 81,510 22,216 16,142
India 792,023 16.6 3,447 1.4 4,352 651 4,047 346 868
Latin America 403,142 8.5 7,461 3.0 18,508 7,682 14,093 3,267 4,034
North America 271,123 5.7 92,806 37.1 342,302 271,267 129,303 58,269 59,737
World 4,770,803 100.0 250,145 100.0 52,432 33,659 27,442 8,668 3,210

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 2-5: Components of wealth per adult in USD, by region and year
Year
Region 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Africa Financial wealth 1,446 2,319 2,863 3,758 2,539 2,747 2,900 2,766 2,882 2,770 2,733 2,441
Non-financial wealth 1,671 2,271 2,677 3,231 2,882 2,828 3,005 2,834 2,927 2,868 2,855 2,605
Debts 202 356 425 534 445 504 536 542 568 520 531 511
Gross wealth 3,117 4,590 5,540 6,989 5,421 5,575 5,905 5,600 5,809 5,638 5,588 5,046
Net wealth 2,916 4,235 5,115 6,456 4,976 5,071 5,369 5,057 5,241 5,118 5,058 4,536
Net wealth at constant
2,465 3,965 4,796 5,761 5,018 4,897 5,357 5,362 5,754 6,064 6,090 6,363
exchange rates
Asia-Pacific Financial wealth 19,688 21,969 22,941 24,465 24,215 25,481 26,103 30,058 29,598 27,569 28,561 25,270
Non-financial wealth 19,370 19,389 21,108 23,652 23,352 23,432 25,845 28,126 26,924 24,535 25,885 22,927
Debts 5,963 6,379 6,672 7,223 7,351 7,457 7,605 8,883 8,659 7,978 8,417 7,691
Gross wealth 39,058 41,358 44,049 48,117 47,567 48,913 51,948 58,184 56,522 52,104 54,446 48,197
Net wealth 33,096 34,980 37,377 40,894 40,216 41,455 44,344 49,301 47,863 44,127 46,029 40,505
Net wealth at constant
35,936 37,419 39,240 40,865 38,354 38,323 41,166 41,943 42,852 44,797 45,314 46,131
exchange rates
China Financial wealth 2,620 4,543 6,132 8,512 5,692 8,388 9,479 10,281 10,573 11,325 11,125 12,752
Non-financial wealth 3,244 5,594 6,919 8,720 8,520 9,008 9,493 10,542 10,766 11,947 11,788 11,704
Debts 191 366 469 589 522 601 772 1,121 1,303 1,577 1,662 1,943
Gross wealth 5,864 10,137 13,051 17,232 14,212 17,396 18,972 20,823 21,339 23,272 22,913 24,456
Net wealth 5,672 9,770 12,582 16,643 13,690 16,795 18,200 19,703 20,037 21,695 21,250 22,513
Net wealth at constant
6,625 11,126 13,865 17,156 13,204 16,182 17,531 17,519 17,785 18,522 18,607 19,700
exchange rates
Europe Financial wealth 34,930 51,993 62,664 71,468 58,568 66,213 64,762 63,048 67,779 74,291 77,307 69,211
Non-financial wealth 36,087 67,080 81,038 95,699 85,091 88,925 86,667 84,689 89,063 93,634 95,237 81,510
Debts 9,730 17,542 21,470 25,213 23,195 24,628 23,333 23,588 24,573 25,576 25,670 22,216
Gross wealth 71,017 119,073 143,702 167,167 143,659 155,138 151,429 147,737 156,842 167,925 172,544 150,721
Net wealth 61,287 101,532 122,232 141,955 120,464 130,510 128,097 124,149 132,269 142,349 146,873 128,506
Net wealth at constant
79,204 105,657 113,612 120,289 113,464 117,752 123,589 121,873 126,836 132,103 136,209 143,101
exchange rates
India Financial wealth 260 435 558 733 484 714 918 728 731 639 685 651
Non-financial wealth 1,833 3,030 3,522 4,604 3,489 3,843 4,612 4,102 4,258 3,919 4,118 4,047
Debts 58 132 170 230 171 188 263 257 277 284 315 346
Gross wealth 2,093 3,465 4,080 5,337 3,973 4,557 5,530 4,830 4,989 4,558 4,803 4,698
Net wealth 2,036 3,332 3,910 5,106 3,803 4,368 5,267 4,573 4,712 4,274 4,489 4,352
Net wealth at constant
1,925 3,038 3,500 4,072 3,728 4,125 4,736 4,928 5,222 5,349 5,462 5,607
exchange rates
Latin America Financial wealth 4,691 5,724 6,795 8,558 6,419 8,609 9,715 9,759 9,929 9,202 9,637 7,682
Non-financial wealth 7,661 9,492 11,444 13,922 12,610 15,301 16,480 16,931 17,009 15,959 17,010 14,093
Debts 1,131 1,339 1,601 2,194 1,911 2,656 3,359 3,686 3,786 3,628 3,945 3,267
Gross wealth 12,352 15,216 18,239 22,480 19,029 23,910 26,195 26,690 26,938 25,161 26,647 21,775
Net wealth 11,221 13,877 16,638 20,286 17,117 21,253 22,836 23,003 23,152 21,532 22,703 18,508
Net wealth at constant
8,564 13,687 16,064 18,402 18,479 20,236 21,464 23,097 23,569 24,021 24,815 25,220
exchange rates
North America Financial wealth 154,372 191,006 209,568 220,608 177,806 190,438 202,202 209,368 229,110 267,768 268,690 271,267
Non-financial wealth 79,049 126,644 130,365 126,069 109,169 103,033 104,197 103,134 111,158 118,744 120,983 129,303
Debts 34,429 53,898 58,738 62,924 61,177 60,753 60,113 57,897 57,566 58,008 58,031 58,269
Gross wealth 233,421 317,650 339,933 346,677 286,975 293,471 306,399 312,502 340,268 386,512 389,673 400,570
Net wealth 198,991 263,752 281,195 283,753 225,798 232,718 246,287 254,605 282,703 328,505 331,642 342,302
Net wealth at constant
202,064 263,695 281,145 280,087 226,659 230,410 243,048 251,596 278,712 325,981 329,134 344,041
exchange rates
World Financial wealth 20,363 25,574 28,734 31,547 26,081 28,797 29,647 30,741 32,307 34,761 35,330 33,659
Non-financial wealth 16,458 24,179 27,141 30,125 27,065 27,438 27,949 28,164 28,827 29,198 29,840 27,442
Debts 5,094 7,405 8,311 9,235 8,768 8,987 8,867 9,122 9,178 9,156 9,298 8,668
Gross wealth 36,821 49,753 55,875 61,672 53,146 56,235 57,596 58,905 61,134 63,959 65,170 61,101
Net wealth 31,727 42,348 47,564 52,437 44,378 47,249 48,729 49,783 51,956 54,803 55,873 52,432
Net wealth at constant
35,160 43,690 46,938 48,980 43,055 44,415 46,858 47,212 49,547 53,355 54,133 56,053
exchange rates
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories

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Table 2-6: Components of wealth as percentage of gross wealth, by region and year
Year
Region 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Africa Financial wealth 46.4 50.5 51.7 53.8 46.8 49.3 49.1 49.4 49.6 49.1 48.9 48.4
Non-financial wealth 53.6 49.5 48.3 46.2 53.2 50.7 50.9 50.6 50.4 50.9 51.1 51.6
Debts 6.5 7.8 7.7 7.6 8.2 9.0 9.1 9.7 9.8 9.2 9.5 10.1
Asia-Pacific Financial wealth 50.4 53.1 52.1 50.8 50.9 52.1 50.2 51.7 52.4 52.9 52.5 52.4
Non-financial wealth 49.6 46.9 47.9 49.2 49.1 47.9 49.8 48.3 47.6 47.1 47.5 47.6
Debts 15.3 15.4 15.1 15.0 15.5 15.2 14.6 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.5 16.0
China Financial wealth 44.7 44.8 47.0 49.4 40.1 48.2 50.0 49.4 49.5 48.7 48.6 52.1
Non-financial wealth 55.3 55.2 53.0 50.6 59.9 51.8 50.0 50.6 50.5 51.3 51.4 47.9
Debts 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.7 3.5 4.1 5.4 6.1 6.8 7.3 7.9
Europe Financial wealth 49.2 43.7 43.6 42.8 40.8 42.7 42.8 42.7 43.2 44.2 44.8 45.9
Non-financial wealth 50.8 56.3 56.4 57.2 59.2 57.3 57.2 57.3 56.8 55.8 55.2 54.1
Debts 13.7 14.7 14.9 15.1 16.1 15.9 15.4 16.0 15.7 15.2 14.9 14.7
India Financial wealth 12.4 12.6 13.7 13.7 12.2 15.7 16.6 15.1 14.7 14.0 14.3 13.9
Non-financial wealth 87.6 87.4 86.3 86.3 87.8 84.3 83.4 84.9 85.3 86.0 85.7 86.1
Debts 2.8 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.8 5.3 5.6 6.2 6.6 7.4
Latin America Financial wealth 38.0 37.6 37.3 38.1 33.7 36.0 37.1 36.6 36.9 36.6 36.2 35.3
Non-financial wealth 62.0 62.4 62.7 61.9 66.3 64.0 62.9 63.4 63.1 63.4 63.8 64.7
Debts 9.2 8.8 8.8 9.8 10.0 11.1 12.8 13.8 14.1 14.4 14.8 15.0
North America Financial wealth 66.1 60.1 61.6 63.6 62.0 64.9 66.0 67.0 67.3 69.3 69.0 67.7
Non-financial wealth 33.9 39.9 38.4 36.4 38.0 35.1 34.0 33.0 32.7 30.7 31.0 32.3
Debts 14.7 17.0 17.3 18.2 21.3 20.7 19.6 18.5 16.9 15.0 14.9 14.5
World Financial wealth 55.3 51.4 51.4 51.2 49.1 51.2 51.5 52.2 52.8 54.3 54.2 55.1
Non-financial wealth 44.7 48.6 48.6 48.8 50.9 48.8 48.5 47.8 47.2 45.7 45.8 44.9
Debts 13.8 14.9 14.9 15.0 16.5 16.0 15.4 15.5 15.0 14.3 14.3 14.2

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories

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Table 2-7: Changes in household wealth 2014–2015, selected countries

Change in total household wealth Change in total household wealth Change in wealth per adult
(USD bn) (%) (%)
United States 4,639 Hong Kong 8.3 Hong Kong 6.7
China 1,494 China 7 China 5.9
United Kingdom 359 United States 5.7 United States 4.5
Hong Kong 82 Saudi Arabia 3.8 United Kingdom 1.7
Saudi Arabia 25 United Kingdom 2.4 Saudi Arabia 0.9
Philippines 12 Philippines 2.3 Vietnam -0.1
Pakistan 8 Vietnam 1.9 Philippines -0.1
United Arab Emirates 8 Pakistan 1.6 United Arab Emirates -0.3
Vietnam 6 United Arab Emirates 1.4 Pakistan -1.2
Thailand -10 India -1 Taiwan -2.5
Egypt -13 Taiwan -2.2 South Africa -3.1
Kuwait -16 South Africa -2.5 India -3.1
South Africa -17 Thailand -2.6 Thailand -3.6
Argentina -20 Egypt -3.3 Switzerland -4.2
India -35 Switzerland -3.6 Korea -4.8
Ukraine -35 Korea -3.9 Egypt -5.3
Morocco -37 Kuwait -5.6 Singapore -7.2
Chile -48 Singapore -5.8 Kuwait -7.6
Peru -51 Argentina -6.6 Argentina -7.8
Romania -52 Indonesia -7 Indonesia -8.5
Czech Republic -59 Israel -7.6 Israel -9.1
Israel -65 Chile -8.2 Chile -9.5
Singapore -67 Canada -9.8 Canada -10.9
Taiwan -80 Netherlands -11.2 Denmark -11.6
Malaysia -82 Denmark -11.3 Netherlands -11.7
Ireland -102 Peru -11.5 Sweden -12.6
Indonesia -110 Sweden -12.1 Peru -13.2
Finland -126 Australia -12.6 Australia -13.6
Switzerland -132 Ireland -12.9 Ireland -13.8
Portugal -134 Morocco -14.3 Germany -14.3
Denmark -135 Germany -14.3 Czech Republic -14.4
Korea -145 Czech Republic -14.3 Japan -14.8
Greece -151 Japan -14.9 Belgium -15.5
Poland -156 Belgium -15.1 Morocco -15.7
Colombia -196 Spain -15.7 Spain -16.2
New Zealand -257 Malaysia -16 Austria -16.7
Austria -260 New Zealand -16.3 Finland -16.9
Norway -263 Austria -16.3 France -17
Turkey -263 Finland -16.6 Greece -17.1
Netherlands -301 France -16.7 Italy -17.3
Sweden -316 Mexico -16.8 New Zealand -17.3
Belgium -390 Greece -16.9 Portugal -17.5
Mexico -394 Italy -17.1 Poland -17.6
Canada -743 Poland -17.4 Malaysia -17.7
Brazil -758 Portugal -17.4 Mexico -18.3
Spain -779 Norway -17.8 Norway -18.6
Russia -807 Romania -19 Romania -19
Australia -887 Turkey -20.4 Turkey -21.8
Germany -1,996 Colombia -23.4 Brazil -24.8
Italy -2,073 Brazil -23.7 Colombia -24.9
France -2,537 Russia -38.6 Russia -38.3
Japan -3,462 Ukraine -40.7 Ukraine -40.4
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories

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3. Estimating the distribution of global wealth

3.1 Comparison with data from rich lists

Our method of estimating global personal wealth is essentially a bottom-up approach. It begins
by establishing the average level of wealth in different countries onto which we graft the pattern
of wealth holding derived from household sample surveys and other sources. Although sample
surveys do not formally exclude high net worth (HNW) individuals with net assets above USD 1
million, they tend to be under-represented, and the value of their wealth holdings is likely to be
underestimated. The same is true to a much greater extent of ultra-high net worth (UHNW)
individuals with net assets above USD 50 million. In fact, the US Survey of Consumer Finances
– which otherwise does an excellent job in the upper tail of wealth distribution – explicitly omits
the 400 wealthiest families from its sampling frame. The evidence suggests that other countries
fail to capture considerably greater numbers of individuals in high wealth categories. So further
analysis and appropriate adjustments are required in order to construct plausible estimates of
the number of wealthy individuals and the size of their holdings.

In order to proceed, we exploit the fact that the top tail of wealth distribution is usually well
approximated by the Pareto distribution, which produces a straight line graph when the
logarithm of the number of persons above wealth level w is plotted against the logarithm of w.
Our data yield a close fit to the Pareto distribution in the wealth range from USD 250,000 to
USD 5 million. Above USD 5 million the relationship begins to break down, and the
correspondence weakens further above USD 50 million, as expected given the limitations of the
data sources and the lumpiness caused when each sample observation represents at least 100
adults. However, it seems reasonable to use a fitted Pareto line to estimate the number of
individuals in the highest echelons of the wealth distribution.

To determine the precise shape of the top wealth tail, we rely heavily on the rich list data
provided by Forbes and other sources. We make particular use of the number of billionaires
reported by Forbes, since the data are available for many years and are broadly comparable
across countries. We recognise that rich list data have limitations. The valuations of individual
wealth holdings are dominated by financial assets, especially equity holdings in public
companies traded in international markets. For practical reasons, less attention is given to non-
financial assets apart from major real estate holdings and trophy assets, such as expensive
yachts. Even less is known – and hence recorded – about personal debts. Some people
cooperate enthusiastically with those compiling the lists; others jealously guard their privacy.
There are also different country listings for nationals and residents, which is especially evident
for India, for instance. The true beneficial ownership within families adds a further level of
complexity. Assigning the wealth recorded for Bill Gates, for example, to all family members
might well result in several (unequal) billionaire holdings, so the number of billionaires would
increase in this instance. In other cases, reassigning the family wealth would reduce all the
individual holdings below the billionaire threshold. For all these reasons, rich list data should be
treated with caution. At the same time, the broad patterns and trends are informative, and they
provide the best available source of information at the apex of global wealth distribution.

3.2 Adjusting the wealth pattern in the top tail

To mitigate some of the problems associated with small numbers of billionaires, we disregard
countries that have a single billionaire or that appear in the Forbes list for fewer than five years.
About 50 countries survive the cut. Our first attempts to absorb the Forbes data involved
grafting a Pareto distribution onto the upper tail which matched the reported number of
billionaires for the year concerned, and then replacing the synthetic sample observations in the

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top tail with the fitted Pareto values. To add a further level of refinement, the number of Forbes
billionaires – which we assume refers to billionaire families – was converted into the equivalent
number of high wealth adults. When the top wealth values have been revised, all the sample
observations for a country are scaled (usually down) in order to restore consistency with the
average level of wealth for the country, which is estimated independently. This was repeated
until the process converges, typically in a few rounds.

For the Global Wealth Report 2014 we devised a new way of pooling billionaire data for the
entire period since 2000. This leads to a considerable improvement in the reliability of the
wealth estimates, and also allows trends in top tail patterns to be identified. A second
refinement applies the Pareto top tail adjustment to each region and year. For countries lacking
enough billionaires, the regional evidence is then used to revise wealth holdings at the upper
end. This ensures a more consistent treatment between countries with rich list information and
those without.

For countries with satisfactory wealth distribution data, the adjustment has little impact on
wealth holdings below USD 1 million. However, the adjustment is more significant for countries
for which wealth distribution data is limited or non-existent. The impact on China is especially
noticeable, not surprisingly given that the wealth distribution data for China are based on a
sample survey a decade ago and given the pace of change since that time.

3.3 Features of the global wealth distribution

Application of the top tail adjustment results in a synthetic sample containing 1.3 million
observations for each year since 2000. Each observation represents approximately10,000
adults at lower wealth levels and 100 adults at the top end. These samples can then be
processed to generate summary data on the wealth pattern within countries, regions and the
world.

Table 3-1 reports figures for individual countries, and Table 3-2 provides more detail at the
regional level. The results allow us to visualize the global wealth distribution in the form of a
wealth pyramid which places adults in one of four wealth bands: under USD 10,000; between
USD 10,000 and USD 100,000; between USD 100,000 and USD 1 million; and over USD 1
million. The base level of the pyramid contains 3.4 million adults, or 71% of the global
population, but accounts for only 3% of global wealth. In contrast, dollar millionaires comprise
0.7% of all adults, but collectively own 45% of all assets. For adults with wealth exceeding
USD 100,000 and USD 1 million, Table 3-3 provides further summary information for individual
countries.

Combining the samples for all countries allows the features of the global distribution of wealth to
be identified, including, for instance, the minimum wealth of each percentile (i.e. 1% group)
worldwide and the share of total wealth owned by this group. To be among the wealthiest half of
the world in mid-2015, Table 3-4 shows that an adult needs only USD 3,210 in assets, once
debts have been subtracted. However, a person needs at least USD 68,800 to belong to the
top 10% of global wealth holders and USD 760,000 to be a member of the top 1%. Taken
together, the bottom half of the global population own less than 1% of total wealth. In sharp
contrast, the richest decile hold 88% of the world’s wealth, and the top percentile alone account
for 50.0% of global assets.

The decile breakdown by regions has a number of interesting features. China has few
representatives at the bottom of the global wealth distribution, and relatively few at the top also,
but dominates the upper middle section, accounting for 40% of the worldwide membership of
deciles 6–8. In contrast, residents of India are heavily concentrated in the lower wealth strata,
accounting for over a quarter of people in the bottom half of the distribution.

Table 3-4 shows that residents of Latin America are spread quite evenly across the global
wealth spectrum. The Asia-Pacific region (excluding China and India) mimics the global pattern

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more closely still, although the apparent uniformity of the Asia-Pacific region masks a
substantial degree of polarization between high-income countries, such as Hong Kong, Japan
and Singapore, and lower income countries, such as Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan and
Vietnam. In fact, when high-income countries are excluded from the Asia-Pacific group, the
wealth pattern within the remaining countries resembles that of India. Residents of Africa are
also heavily concentrated at the bottom end of the wealth spectrum: half of all African adults
occupy the bottom two global wealth deciles. In sharp contrast, North America and Europe are
heavily skewed toward the top tail, together accounting for 63% of adults in the top 10%, and
an even higher percentage of the top percentile.

Table 3-5 lists the countries that have gained or lost the most number of members of the global
top decile and percentile during the year to mid-2015. It also reports changes in the number of
millionaires during the past twelve months.

3.4 The number of high and ultra-high net worth individuals

Apart from the rich lists, which cover a relatively small number of named individuals, there is a
scarcity of information on wealth holdings above USD 1 million. Survey details are patchy at
best, and official statistics based on tax returns are often inadequate given the complexity of
wealth ownership arrangements. Our method of adjusting the top tail using rich list data pooled
over several years helps to bridge this gap. Smoothing the wealth distribution at the top end by
means of a Pareto curve fitted to the data for each country then produces plausible estimates of
the global pattern of asset holdings in the high net worth (HNW) category from USD 1 million to
USD 50 million, and in the ultra-high net worth (UHNW) range from USD 50 million upwards.

Table 3-6 reports the numbers for mid-2015. While the base of the wealth pyramid is occupied
by people from all countries at various stages of their lifecycles, HNW and UHNW individuals
are heavily concentrated in particular regions and countries, and tend to share more similar
lifestyles, participating in the same global markets for luxury goods, even when they reside in
different continents. The wealth portfolios of these individuals are also likely to be more similar,
with more of a focus on financial assets and, in particular, equity holdings in public companies
traded in international markets.

For mid-2015, we estimate that 33.6 million HNW adults have wealth between USD 1 million
and USD 50 million, of whom the vast majority (29.8 million) fall within the USD 1–5 million
range. North America accounts for the greatest number, significantly above Europe, which turn
hosts roughly double the number in Asia-Pacific countries, excluding China and India. China,
Latin America, India and Africa together account for less than 7% of all HNW individuals.

UHNW individuals with net assets above USD 50 million now number 123,800 worldwide by
our calculations. Among individual countries, the United States leads with 48%of UHNW adults.
China has recently moved into second place, but with only 8% of the total is a distant second.

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Table 3-1: Wealth pattern within countries, 2015

Mean wealth Median wealth Distribution of adults (%)
Country Adults Gini
per adult per adult by wealth range (USD)
under 10,000 - 100,000 – over 1
thousand USD USD Total %
10,000 100,000 1 million million
Albania 2,285 8,713 4,773 74.1 25.4 0.5 0.0 100 65.8
Algeria 24,736 8,274 3,523 78.9 20.5 0.6 0.0 100 66.0
Angola 9,740 15,302 4,931 67.5 30.7 1.8 0.0 100 72.7
Antigua and Barbuda 65 21,567 5,953 65.0 32.4 2.5 0.2 100 78.6
Argentina 28,832 9,778 2,203 86.6 12.5 0.9 0.1 100 81.8
Armenia 2,283 5,343 2,732 87.7 12.1 0.2 0.0 100 62.8
Australia 16,919 364,896 168,291 7.2 26.1 61.0 5.7 100 63.9
Austria 6,809 196,092 66,617 27.9 32.5 36.7 2.9 100 77.9
Azerbaijan 6,430 17,837 10,299 50.0 48.3 1.7 0.0 100 59.1
Bahamas 249 44,299 7,189 60.0 35.5 4.0 0.5 100 86.9
Bahrain 595 49,163 24,922 30.0 58.7 11.0 0.2 100 64.5
Bangladesh 107,702 2,201 1,104 96.7 3.2 0.0 0.0 100 63.0
Barbados 202 20,022 4,625 68.8 28.6 2.5 0.1 100 79.4
Belarus 7,504 1,551 883 98.6 1.4 0.0 0.0 100 65.0
Belgium 8,440 259,406 150,348 9.9 33.1 53.7 3.3 100 62.6
Belize 196 10,602 2,834 80.0 18.8 1.2 0.0 100 76.0
Benin 4,970 3,044 1,303 94.0 5.9 0.1 0.0 100 67.3
Bolivia 6,026 5,202 1,904 88.7 11.0 0.3 0.0 100 71.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,990 10,704 5,518 67.1 32.0 0.8 0.0 100 67.0
Botswana 1,214 9,196 1,758 84.2 14.7 1.1 0.0 100 81.7
Brazil 138,439 17,597 3,311 75.9 22.2 1.8 0.1 100 83.0
Brunei 296 46,512 23,716 31.2 58.7 9.8 0.2 100 64.3
Bulgaria 5,930 15,892 8,542 54.8 43.6 1.6 0.0 100 66.4
Burkina Faso 8,110 1,265 496 98.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 100 67.5
Burundi 4,909 356 174 99.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 100 63.4
Cambodia 9,563 3,163 1,495 93.8 6.1 0.0 0.0 100 64.1
Cameroon 10,881 2,458 980 95.7 4.2 0.0 0.0 100 67.2
Canada 27,677 248,276 74,750 18.5 31.9 46.1 3.6 100 72.6
Cape Verde 307 15,732 5,434 67.5 30.4 2.1 0.1 100 73.6
Central African Republic 2,457 773 259 99.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 100 70.7
Chad 5,735 985 436 99.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 100 66.6
Chile 12,754 41,982 13,503 48.0 46.6 5.0 0.3 100 79.5
China 1,013,536 22,513 7,357 62.1 35.5 2.3 0.1 100 73.3
Colombia 31,382 20,477 5,765 64.6 32.6 2.7 0.1 100 76.9
Comoros 402 2,741 685 94.4 5.4 0.2 0.0 100 78.9
Congo, Dem. Rep. 33,485 374 147 99.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 100 67.5
Congo, Rep. 2,131 3,344 1,394 93.2 6.7 0.1 0.0 100 68.3
Costa Rica 3,349 29,862 6,861 60.6 35.8 3.3 0.3 100 81.4
Cote d'Ivoire 12,019 2,698 1,064 94.8 5.1 0.1 0.0 100 69.1
Croatia 3,497 22,386 11,974 50.0 47.2 2.7 0.0 100 66.4
Cyprus 709 112,220 25,559 26.2 58.7 13.7 1.2 100 81.7
Czech Republic 8,459 41,710 14,256 48.2 46.0 5.4 0.3 100 77.9
Denmark 4,218 251,634 51,854 31.9 24.5 39.0 4.6 100 89.3
Djibouti 528 3,846 1,543 91.8 8.1 0.1 0.0 100 66.7
Dominica 51 26,122 7,595 58.7 38.1 2.9 0.2 100 78.4
Ecuador 8,990 12,717 3,945 74.3 24.3 1.4 0.0 100 73.8

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Table 3-1: Wealth pattern within countries, 2015, continued

Mean wealth Median wealth Distribution of adults (%) by
Country Adults Gini
per adult per adult wealth range (USD)
under 10,000 - 100,000 - over 1
thousand USD USD Total %
10,000 100,000 1 million million
Egypt 54,333 6,983 1,664 91.7 7.7 0.6 0.0 100 80.3
El Salvador 3,846 13,337 5,137 70.0 28.6 1.3 0.0 100 70.7
Equatorial Guinea 380 16,450 5,814 66.2 31.6 2.1 0.1 100 73.1
Eritrea 2,915 2,383 1,003 95.8 4.1 0.0 0.0 100 67.9
Estonia 1,049 35,503 18,640 44.0 49.1 6.8 0.1 100 67.1
Ethiopia 44,938 441 229 99.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 100 62.3
Fiji 533 5,893 2,060 85.0 14.7 0.3 0.0 100 68.9
Finland 4,225 149,917 62,729 26.0 37.1 35.2 1.7 100 74.2
France 48,450 262,070 86,156 16.9 33.1 46.3 3.7 100 70.3
Gabon 906 17,701 6,259 63.7 33.9 2.3 0.1 100 73.3
Gambia 950 886 309 99.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 100 69.4
Georgia 3,164 18,636 8,361 55.3 42.2 2.4 0.0 100 66.6
Germany 67,079 177,984 43,898 29.7 33.9 34.2 2.3 100 77.5
Ghana 14,046 773 337 99.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 100 65.4
Greece 9,131 81,342 38,552 19.7 64.0 15.7 0.6 100 68.0
Grenada 68 16,085 4,995 66.3 31.9 1.8 0.1 100 73.5
Guinea 5,567 960 415 99.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 100 65.0
Guinea-Bissau 867 410 165 99.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 100 69.7
Guyana 479 4,450 1,679 90.4 9.4 0.2 0.0 100 68.0
Haiti 6,015 3,506 1,085 92.8 7.0 0.2 0.0 100 72.7
Hong Kong 6,186 173,685 36,545 22.2 57.2 18.9 1.7 100 83.7
Hungary 7,910 30,796 17,362 44.4 50.6 4.9 0.1 100 65.5
Iceland 259 351,037 118,947 13.8 31.3 49.3 5.8 100 70.9
India 792,023 4,352 868 95.4 4.3 0.3 0.0 100 83.1
Indonesia 161,671 9,031 1,615 92.0 7.0 0.9 0.1 100 84.7
Iran 54,597 3,654 1,711 92.2 7.7 0.1 0.0 100 65.2
Ireland 3,547 194,650 64,444 18.8 35.3 43.5 2.4 100 71.7
Israel 5,071 155,982 41,926 19.8 52.0 26.5 1.7 100 77.2
Italy 49,244 203,577 88,603 12.4 37.6 47.7 2.3 100 66.7
Jamaica 1,753 10,032 3,424 79.4 19.6 1.0 0.0 100 73.4
Japan 104,279 190,230 96,071 9.0 42.3 46.7 2.0 100 63.4
Jordan 3,972 14,742 7,190 60.5 37.9 1.5 0.0 100 64.1
Kazakhstan 11,080 5,593 889 95.1 4.4 0.4 0.0 100 87.4
Kenya 21,657 1,879 738 96.9 3.1 0.0 0.0 100 69.6
Korea 38,912 91,108 31,259 24.0 59.3 15.9 0.8 100 73.8
Kuwait 2,370 113,419 40,438 20.5 58.2 20.2 1.2 100 74.1
Kyrgyzstan 3,666 4,896 2,248 88.3 11.5 0.1 0.0 100 63.3
Laos 3,785 6,219 3,062 85.0 14.7 0.3 0.0 100 63.8
Latvia 1,775 20,977 7,528 50.0 47.3 2.7 0.0 100 67.9
Lebanon 3,024 30,207 5,340 66.7 30.2 2.8 0.3 100 84.8
Lesotho 1,104 3,384 984 92.9 7.0 0.1 0.0 100 72.6
Liberia 2,213 2,133 910 96.8 3.2 0.0 0.0 100 65.3
Libya 4,420 28,628 4,789 69.8 26.5 3.4 0.3 100 85.4
Lithuania 2,527 22,628 8,333 50.0 47.0 3.0 0.0 100 67.5
Luxembourg 398 303,695 110,885 10.0 36.3 49.1 4.6 100 70.4
Macedonia 1,574 9,605 3,145 72.9 26.4 0.8 0.0 100 69.3

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Table 3-1: Wealth pattern within countries, 2015, continued

Mean wealth Median wealth Distribution of adults (%) by
Country Adults Gini
per adult per adult wealth range (USD)
under 10,000 - 100,000 - over 1
thousand USD USD Total %
10,000 100,000 1 million million
Madagascar 10,900 340 137 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 66.8
Malawi 7,812 169 70 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100 67.2
Malaysia 19,000 22,700 6,194 64.5 33.0 2.3 0.2 100 78.9
Maldives 219 6,724 3,084 82.5 17.2 0.3 0.0 100 65.1
Mali 6,735 923 411 99.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 100 64.3
Malta 333 110,998 54,787 10.0 58.8 30.4 0.9 100 60.3
Mauritania 1,905 2,038 823 96.8 3.1 0.0 0.0 100 66.7
Mauritius 953 33,770 10,498 47.5 47.5 4.8 0.2 100 73.7
Mexico 75,422 25,949 7,978 56.7 39.9 3.2 0.2 100 75.9
Moldova 2,683 3,104 1,578 94.2 5.8 0.1 0.0 100 67.4
Mongolia 1,907 15,548 6,758 59.4 38.8 1.7 0.0 100 64.8
Montenegro 469 18,251 10,241 50.0 48.1 1.8 0.0 100 65.8
Morocco 21,941 10,123 2,814 84.9 14.2 0.9 0.1 100 78.6
Mozambique 11,865 779 285 99.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 100 69.1
Myanmar 34,973 2,119 984 96.8 3.2 0.0 0.0 100 65.1
Namibia 1,307 15,420 3,228 77.5 20.2 2.2 0.1 100 81.6
Nepal 18,035 2,025 788 96.7 3.3 0.0 0.0 100 67.4
Netherlands 13,016 182,782 74,659 22.6 31.1 44.1 2.2 100 73.2
New Zealand 3,292 400,811 182,618 10.0 30.9 50.5 8.6 100 67.0
Nicaragua 3,566 3,418 1,352 93.0 6.9 0.1 0.0 100 67.2
Niger 7,401 934 441 99.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 100 65.0
Nigeria 83,703 2,705 650 97.1 2.7 0.2 0.0 100 81.4
Norway 3,788 321,352 119,634 23.1 21.9 49.6 5.4 100 77.9
Oman 1,948 50,362 19,642 31.7 57.8 10.2 0.4 100 68.2
Pakistan 110,991 4,459 2,316 90.1 9.8 0.1 0.0 100 62.1
Panama 2,392 22,541 5,553 65.9 31.5 2.5 0.2 100 80.2
Papua New Guinea 3,916 8,797 2,860 79.7 19.4 0.9 0.0 100 71.5
Paraguay 4,057 10,505 3,672 78.2 20.6 1.1 0.0 100 72.9
Peru 19,423 20,113 5,105 69.5 28.3 2.0 0.1 100 80.3
Philippines 58,863 9,177 1,856 88.4 10.8 0.8 0.1 100 82.7
Poland 30,326 24,370 9,112 52.7 44.2 3.0 0.1 100 75.6
Portugal 8,640 73,843 27,297 24.9 61.0 13.5 0.6 100 70.5
Qatar 1,290 156,986 60,846 15.0 50.8 31.7 2.5 100 72.3
Romania 16,609 13,295 5,191 70.0 28.6 1.3 0.1 100 74.8
Russia 109,516 11,726 1,388 91.4 7.7 0.8 0.1 100 91.2
Rwanda 5,517 766 269 99.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 100 72.0
Samoa 94 35,273 16,059 40.0 53.4 6.5 0.1 100 66.7
Sao Tome and Principe 90 3,080 1,353 94.0 5.9 0.1 0.0 100 67.8
Saudi Arabia 17,409 39,481 13,131 44.3 50.1 5.3 0.3 100 74.6
Senegal 6,735 2,446 1,088 95.8 4.1 0.0 0.0 100 66.5
Serbia 7,537 6,585 3,561 82.0 17.6 0.4 0.0 100 66.1
Seychelles 56 58,651 3,152 82.5 12.6 4.1 0.8 100 94.8
Sierra Leone 2,999 747 351 99.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 100 65.0
Singapore 4,051 269,408 98,922 10.0 40.0 46.5 3.5 100 70.8
Slovakia 4,328 24,062 18,223 22.4 75.9 1.8 0.0 100 44.6
Slovenia 1,659 56,406 41,061 18.1 66.9 14.9 0.0 100 53.3

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Table 3-1: Wealth pattern within countries, 2015, continued

Mean wealth Median wealth Distribution of adults (%) by
Country Adults Gini
per adult per adult wealth range (USD)
under 10,000 - 100,000 – over 1
thousand USD USD Total %
10,000 100,000 1 million million
Solomon Islands 312 9,702 4,594 75.0 24.2 0.8 0.0 100 65.1
South Africa 31,357 21,402 3,379 72.7 24.3 2.9 0.2 100 84.0
Spain 37,573 111,643 52,223 12.1 62.8 24.1 1.0 100 67.1
Sri Lanka 14,501 5,017 2,090 88.6 11.2 0.2 0.0 100 65.9
St. Kitts and Nevis 36 25,503 6,470 58.8 38.1 2.9 0.2 100 78.1
St. Lucia 122 14,450 5,382 68.7 29.6 1.6 0.0 100 72.6
St. Vincent and the Grenadines 72 11,339 3,825 77.5 21.2 1.2 0.0 100 74.0
Sudan 24,874 1,018 465 99.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 100 63.7
Suriname 351 17,575 2,187 82.5 15.4 2.0 0.2 100 87.4
Swaziland 653 3,749 1,107 91.9 7.9 0.2 0.0 100 73.1
Sweden 7,369 311,353 57,433 15.8 47.4 29.7 7.1 100 80.9
Switzerland 6,156 567,122 107,583 1.7 47.2 40.3 10.8 100 80.3
Syria 13,710 1,775 818 97.8 2.2 0.0 0.0 100 63.2
Taiwan 18,449 194,701 66,423 13.1 46.7 37.9 2.2 100 72.7
Tajikistan 4,207 2,691 1,398 95.6 4.3 0.0 0.0 100 62.4
Tanzania 23,057 907 430 99.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 100 64.4
Thailand 50,314 7,330 1,264 92.3 7.1 0.6 0.1 100 84.8
Togo 3,866 2,261 845 96.2 3.8 0.0 0.0 100 68.3
Tonga 55 14,077 5,952 62.5 36.0 1.5 0.0 100 65.1
Trinidad and Tobago 996 16,160 5,841 63.8 34.5 1.7 0.1 100 70.0
Tunisia 7,629 18,397 6,640 60.0 37.7 2.2 0.1 100 70.7
Turkey 53,083 19,301 4,469 73.5 24.6 1.8 0.1 100 82.1
Turkmenistan 3,462 44,915 19,822 34.1 56.6 9.0 0.2 100 67.3
Uganda 15,979 674 281 99.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 100 68.0
Ukraine 35,600 1,437 166 99.0 0.9 0.1 0.0 100 91.6
United Arab Emirates 3,877 144,377 59,518 15.3 51.1 32.2 1.5 100 70.3
United Kingdom 48,696 320,368 126,472 10.0 33.9 51.3 4.9 100 67.8
United States 243,349 352,996 49,787 28.1 32.9 32.6 6.4 100 85.0
Uruguay 2,428 39,299 8,734 54.2 41.4 4.1 0.4 100 82.5
Vanuatu 145 5,575 2,378 86.3 13.5 0.2 0.0 100 64.8
Venezuela 19,597 6,725 1,469 92.0 7.4 0.6 0.0 100 81.8
Vietnam 63,645 5,030 2,393 87.9 11.9 0.1 0.0 100 64.3
West Bank and Gaza 2,331 5,759 2,569 85.9 13.9 0.2 0.0 100 64.0
Yemen 12,903 5,370 2,595 87.8 12.0 0.2 0.0 100 64.3
Zambia 6,414 1,383 379 97.7 2.2 0.0 0.0 100 74.8
Zimbabwe 7,111 3,650 1,509 92.4 7.5 0.1 0.0 100 68.3
Africa 572,266 4,536 639 93.3 6.2 0.4 0.0 100 85.6
Asia-Pacific 1,134,624 40,505 2,711 74.3 17.6 7.7 0.4 100 89.2
China 1,013,536 22,513 7,357 62.1 35.5 2.3 0.1 100 73.3
Europe 584,088 128,506 16,142 44.7 30.7 22.9 1.7 100 83.4
India 792,023 4,352 868 95.4 4.3 0.3 0.0 100 83.1
Latin America 403,142 18,508 4,034 71.7 26.1 2.1 0.1 100 80.9
North America 271,123 342,302 59,737 27.1 32.8 34.0 6.1 100 84.2
World 4,770,803 52,432 3,210 71.0 21.0 7.3 0.7 100 91.5
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 3-2: Wealth pattern by region, 2015

Wealth range (USD)
under 10,000 - 100,000 -
Region over 1 million all levels
10,000 100,000 1 million
Number of adults (thousands)
Africa 534,136 35,620 2,383 126 572,265
Asia-Pacific 843,327 199,560 86,806 4,931 1,134,624
China 629,075 360,083 23,045 1,333 1,013,536
Europe 260,814 179,445 133,819 10,011 584,089
India 755,563 33,861 2,413 185 792,022
Latin America 289,169 105,215 8,272 485 403,141
North America 73,477 88,811 92,189 16,646 271,123
World 3,385,561 1,002,596 348,928 33,717 4,770,802
Total wealth (USD bn) 7,416 31,267 98,513 112,949 250,145
Percentage of world (in %)
Africa 15.8 3.6 0.7 0.4 12.0
Asia-Pacific 24.9 19.9 24.9 14.6 23.8
China 18.6 35.9 6.6 4.0 21.2
Europe 7.7 17.9 38.4 29.7 12.2
India 22.3 3.4 0.7 0.6 16.6
Latin America 8.5 10.5 2.4 1.4 8.5
North America 2.2 8.9 26.4 49.4 5.7
World 100 100 100 100 100
Percentage of region (in %)
Africa 93.3 6.2 0.4 0.0 100
Asia-Pacific 74.3 17.6 7.7 0.4 100
China 62.1 35.5 2.3 0.1 100
Europe 44.7 30.7 22.9 1.7 100
India 95.4 4.3 0.3 0.0 100
Latin America 71.7 26.1 2.1 0.1 100
North America 27.1 32.8 34.0 6.1 100
World 71.0 21.0 7.3 0.7 100
Share of total wealth (%) 3.0 12.5 39.4 45.2 100

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 3-3: Membership of top wealth groups for selected countries, 2015
Over USD 100,000 Over USD 1 million
Country/region Number of adults Number of adults
% %
(thousands) (thousands)
United States 95,049 24.84 15,656 46.43
Japan 50,799 13.28 2,126 6.30
United Kingdom 27,334 7.14 2,364 7.01
Italy 24,622 6.43 1,126 3.34
Germany 24,459 6.39 1,525 4.52
China 24,378 6.37 1,333 3.95
France 24,225 6.33 1,791 5.31
Canada 13,739 3.59 984 2.92
Australia 11,289 2.95 961 2.85
Spain 9,434 2.47 360 1.07
Taiwan 7,409 1.94 414 1.23
Korea 6,508 1.70 313 0.93
Netherlands 6,027 1.58 282 0.84
Belgium 4,812 1.26 278 0.83
Switzerland 3,150 0.82 667 1.98
Sweden 2,712 0.71 520 1.54
Austria 2,693 0.70 194 0.58
Brazil 2,655 0.69 168 0.50
India 2,598 0.68 185 0.55
Mexico 2,562 0.67 122 0.36
Norway 2,083 0.54 205 0.61
Singapore 2,026 0.53 142 0.42
New Zealand 1,945 0.51 282 0.84
Denmark 1,838 0.48 194 0.57
Ireland 1,627 0.43 83 0.25
Finland 1,559 0.41 71 0.21
Greece 1,492 0.39 58 0.17
Indonesia 1,487 0.39 98 0.29
Israel 1,430 0.37 88 0.26
United Arab Emirates 1,306 0.34 59 0.18
Hong Kong 1,278 0.33 107 0.32
Portugal 1,216 0.32 51 0.15
Turkey 1,025 0.27 74 0.22
Saudi Arabia 979 0.26 50 0.15
South Africa 962 0.25 50 0.15
Poland 939 0.25 43 0.13
Russia 931 0.24 92 0.27
Colombia 874 0.23 37 0.11
Chile 681 0.18 44 0.13
Kuwait 506 0.13 28 0.08
Philippines 489 0.13 35 0.10
Czech Republic 488 0.13 28 0.08
Malaysia 477 0.12 31 0.09
Qatar 441 0.12 32 0.10
Peru 418 0.11 28 0.08
Africa 2,509 0.66 126 0.37
Asia-Pacific 91,737 23.97 4,931 14.63
China 24,378 6.37 1,333 3.95
Europe 143,830 37.59 10,011 29.69
India 2,598 0.68 185 0.55
Latin America 8,757 2.29 485 1.44
North America 108,835 28.44 16,646 49.37
World 382,645 100.00 33,717 100.00
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 3-4: Percentage membership of global wealth deciles and top percentiles by country of residence, 2015
Global wealth decile Top
Country
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10% 5% 1%
Albania 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.08 0.09 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Algeria 0.40 0.21 0.46 0.66 0.72 0.70 0.86 0.73 0.39 0.05 0.02 0.01
Angola 0.15 0.06 0.14 0.21 0.24 0.24 0.31 0.36 0.27 0.06 0.03 0.02
Antigua and Barbuda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Argentina 0.60 0.57 0.79 0.91 0.77 0.85 0.68 0.49 0.28 0.09 0.06 0.05
Armenia 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Australia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.11 0.07 0.11 0.50 2.69 3.52 3.10
Austria 0.28 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.10 0.23 0.70 0.65 0.60
Azerbaijan 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.02 0.11 0.16 0.25 0.33 0.30 0.05 0.01 0.00
Bahamas 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Bahrain 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00
Bangladesh 2.26 4.11 4.70 4.06 3.60 1.87 1.17 0.61 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00
Barbados 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Belarus 0.34 0.34 0.17 0.34 0.22 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Belgium 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.34 1.17 1.50 0.94
Belize 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Benin 0.10 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.11 0.07 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Bolivia 0.13 0.16 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.13 0.10 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00
Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.10 0.13 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00
Botswana 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Brazil 2.86 1.44 2.83 3.56 3.60 3.46 3.90 3.82 2.68 0.87 0.53 0.49
Brunei 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00
Bulgaria 0.12 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.11 0.13 0.08 0.30 0.25 0.04 0.01 0.00
Burkina Faso 0.33 0.50 0.33 0.28 0.13 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Burundi 0.45 0.38 0.12 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Cambodia 0.20 0.25 0.35 0.35 0.33 0.25 0.15 0.10 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Cameroon 0.28 0.45 0.42 0.38 0.33 0.20 0.13 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Canada 0.53 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.08 0.14 0.23 0.55 1.21 3.00 3.89 3.14
Cape Verde 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Central African Republic 0.18 0.15 0.09 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Chad 0.30 0.33 0.25 0.17 0.08 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Chile 0.27 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.17 0.25 0.33 0.47 0.74 0.22 0.14 0.13
China 0.06 2.70 9.25 9.24 22.83 36.12 46.96 45.98 31.12 8.19 4.69 3.95
Colombia 0.46 0.20 0.42 0.63 0.74 0.83 0.87 1.18 0.94 0.31 0.16 0.11
Comoros 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Congo, Dem. Rep. 3.31 2.34 0.78 0.36 0.14 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Congo, Rep. 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Costa Rica 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.14 0.11 0.04 0.02 0.02
Cote d'Ivoire 0.32 0.48 0.46 0.40 0.35 0.23 0.14 0.10 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Croatia 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.21 0.04 0.01 0.00
Cyprus 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.02
Czech Republic 0.16 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.24 0.53 0.16 0.10 0.08
Denmark 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.12 0.44 0.56 0.62
Djibouti 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Dominica 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ecuador 0.14 0.06 0.16 0.22 0.25 0.24 0.29 0.29 0.18 0.04 0.02 0.01

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Table 3-4: Percentage membership of global wealth deciles and top percentiles by country of residence, 2015, continued
Global wealth decile Top
Country
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10% 5% 1%
Egypt 1.14 0.90 1.79 2.03 2.05 1.58 0.89 0.58 0.33 0.10 0.07 0.07
El Salvador 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.13 0.14 0.09 0.02 0.01 0.00
Equatorial Guinea 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Eritrea 0.08 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.09 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Estonia 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.03 0.01 0.00
Ethiopia 3.41 3.57 1.50 0.61 0.21 0.08 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Fiji 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Finland 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.17 0.42 0.34 0.22
France 0.87 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.09 0.22 0.38 0.89 2.06 5.54 7.87 5.79
Gabon 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00
Gambia 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Georgia 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.01 0.00
Germany 2.49 0.07 0.10 0.17 0.25 0.39 0.62 1.17 2.47 6.33 6.06 4.78
Ghana 0.79 0.97 0.57 0.33 0.17 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Greece 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.11 0.28 0.74 0.53 0.26 0.18
Grenada 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Guinea 0.27 0.33 0.26 0.16 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Guinea-Bissau 0.09 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Guyana 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Haiti 0.14 0.23 0.23 0.20 0.17 0.12 0.07 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Hong Kong 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.42 0.40 0.28 0.30
Hungary 0.15 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.11 0.15 0.17 0.19 0.61 0.15 0.05 0.02
Iceland 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.05
India 20.65 35.48 30.72 29.94 21.09 12.77 7.18 4.69 2.64 0.84 0.54 0.53
Indonesia 3.39 4.39 5.55 4.98 4.60 4.09 3.87 1.33 1.21 0.48 0.30 0.28
Iran 1.14 1.40 1.76 1.73 1.84 1.61 0.98 0.69 0.26 0.02 0.00 0.00
Ireland 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.16 0.37 0.38 0.26
Israel 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.07 0.14 0.30 0.42 0.29 0.26
Italy 0.72 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.11 0.26 0.72 2.51 5.86 6.13 3.59
Jamaica 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00
Japan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.33 0.78 0.71 1.07 6.61 12.31 12.39 7.16
Jordan 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.18 0.13 0.03 0.01 0.00
Kazakhstan 0.28 0.52 0.45 0.46 0.26 0.15 0.09 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01
Kenya 0.74 1.11 0.80 0.81 0.49 0.25 0.18 0.11 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Korea 0.77 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.19 0.31 0.52 1.19 2.85 2.23 1.21 0.94
Kuwait 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.16 0.16 0.10 0.08
Kyrgyzstan 0.08 0.04 0.10 0.13 0.11 0.12 0.09 0.07 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
Laos 0.06 0.03 0.09 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Latvia 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.10 0.02 0.01 0.00
Lebanon 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.12 0.07 0.03 0.02 0.02
Lesotho 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Liberia 0.05 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.07 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Libya 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.10 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.04 0.03
Lithuania 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.15 0.03 0.01 0.00
Luxembourg 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.05
Macedonia 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00

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Table 3-4: Percentage membership of global wealth deciles and top percentiles by country of residence, 2015, continued
Global wealth decile Top
Country
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10% 5% 1%
Madagascar 1.12 0.76 0.25 0.08 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Malawi 1.11 0.40 0.09 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Malaysia 0.22 0.18 0.14 0.36 0.46 0.57 0.58 0.80 0.52 0.16 0.10 0.09
Maldives 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mali 0.32 0.41 0.31 0.20 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Malta 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01
Mauritania 0.05 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mauritius 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01
Mexico 0.86 0.72 0.20 1.20 1.53 2.04 2.14 3.32 2.91 0.88 0.48 0.37
Moldova 0.09 0.10 0.07 0.05 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mongolia 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.00
Montenegro 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Morocco 0.42 0.26 0.53 0.69 0.60 0.72 0.65 0.43 0.25 0.07 0.04 0.04
Mozambique 0.76 0.78 0.50 0.21 0.12 0.07 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Myanmar 0.82 1.51 1.34 1.44 1.03 0.59 0.34 0.19 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
Namibia 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00
Nepal 0.49 0.87 0.75 0.66 0.44 0.26 0.18 0.10 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Netherlands 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.13 0.57 1.42 1.41 0.91
New Zealand 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.14 0.46 0.68 0.95
Nicaragua 0.07 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Niger 0.35 0.47 0.36 0.21 0.09 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Nigeria 3.24 4.50 3.14 3.06 1.67 0.89 0.50 0.32 0.18 0.05 0.03 0.03
Norway 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.52 0.73 0.65
Oman 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.08 0.14 0.07 0.03 0.02
Pakistan 2.08 1.27 3.07 4.27 3.54 4.04 2.59 1.64 0.71 0.06 0.01 0.00
Panama 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.01
Papua New Guinea 0.08 0.05 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.07 0.01 0.00 0.00
Paraguay 0.07 0.03 0.08 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.11 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.00
Peru 0.27 0.13 0.29 0.43 0.50 0.49 0.64 0.74 0.44 0.14 0.09 0.08
Philippines 1.23 1.30 1.73 1.91 1.65 1.71 1.28 0.88 0.50 0.16 0.10 0.10
Poland 0.60 0.22 0.34 0.52 0.56 0.62 0.38 1.46 1.33 0.32 0.17 0.13
Portugal 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.14 0.31 0.65 0.43 0.24 0.16
Qatar 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.12 0.09 0.07
Romania 0.35 0.22 0.30 0.36 0.36 0.20 0.56 0.70 0.34 0.08 0.04 0.03
Russia 4.00 4.07 3.11 2.17 3.44 2.54 1.54 1.10 0.71 0.28 0.21 0.25
Rwanda 0.39 0.37 0.21 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Samoa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sao Tome and Principe 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Saudi Arabia 0.08 0.18 0.10 0.08 0.25 0.36 0.51 0.73 1.03 0.33 0.18 0.15
Senegal 0.17 0.27 0.26 0.23 0.21 0.13 0.08 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Serbia 0.18 0.14 0.18 0.18 0.12 0.20 0.28 0.21 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.00
Seychelles 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sierra Leone 0.17 0.20 0.13 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Singapore 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.21 0.52 0.56 0.43
Slovakia 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.31 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.00
Slovenia 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.14 0.10 0.03 0.00
Solomon Islands 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00

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Table 3-4: Percentage membership of global wealth deciles and top percentiles by country of residence, 2015, continued
Global wealth decile Top
Country
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10% 5% 1%
South Africa 0.60 0.47 0.68 0.77 0.74 0.73 0.73 0.77 0.77 0.32 0.18 0.15
Spain 0.70 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.85 3.02 3.10 1.65 1.11
Sri Lanka 0.30 0.20 0.40 0.51 0.43 0.48 0.34 0.23 0.12 0.01 0.00 0.00
St. Kitts and Nevis 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
St. Lucia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
St. Vincent and the Grenadines 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sudan 1.10 1.50 1.08 0.82 0.40 0.19 0.08 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Suriname 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Swaziland 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sweden 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.10 0.21 0.40 0.70 0.78 1.53
Switzerland 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.14 0.37 0.77 0.97 1.74
Syria 0.34 0.64 0.56 0.58 0.37 0.20 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Taiwan 0.00 0.13 0.09 0.07 0.10 0.00 0.10 0.37 1.08 1.93 1.62 1.25
Tajikistan 0.09 0.13 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Tanzania 1.11 1.46 1.06 0.65 0.31 0.15 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Thailand 1.10 1.83 1.70 1.38 1.71 1.24 0.72 0.48 0.29 0.10 0.07 0.07
Togo 0.12 0.17 0.13 0.14 0.10 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Tonga 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Trinidad and Tobago 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00
Tunisia 0.09 0.07 0.05 0.13 0.17 0.21 0.22 0.35 0.26 0.06 0.03 0.02
Turkey 0.89 0.38 0.89 1.28 1.41 1.36 1.78 1.78 1.03 0.33 0.21 0.21
Turkmenistan 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.13 0.25 0.11 0.05 0.02
Uganda 1.09 1.10 0.63 0.28 0.14 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Ukraine 3.73 2.20 0.78 0.35 0.16 0.10 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01
United Arab Emirates 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.09 0.24 0.37 0.27 0.18
United Kingdom 0.00 0.02 0.13 0.34 0.12 0.21 0.19 0.35 2.21 6.63 8.74 7.59
United States 10.20 0.17 0.25 0.42 0.61 0.95 1.54 3.55 9.59 23.75 27.33 43.35
Uruguay 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.10 0.04 0.02 0.02
Vanuatu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Venezuela 0.41 0.54 0.66 0.65 0.66 0.53 0.30 0.20 0.11 0.04 0.02 0.02
Vietnam 1.32 0.83 1.68 2.16 1.88 2.10 1.62 1.18 0.51 0.05 0.01 0.00
West Bank and Gaza 0.05 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Yemen 0.25 0.14 0.33 0.45 0.38 0.46 0.35 0.22 0.12 0.01 0.00 0.00
Zambia 0.37 0.35 0.24 0.17 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
Zimbabwe 0.15 0.22 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.19 0.11 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
Africa 25.73 26.73 18.92 15.49 10.95 7.84 5.82 4.68 2.95 0.85 0.47 0.38
Asia-Pacific 19.06 22.45 28.29 30.10 28.04 25.84 21.20 17.39 21.51 23.95 22.25 15.81
China 0.06 2.70 9.25 9.24 22.83 36.12 46.96 45.98 31.12 8.19 4.69 3.95
Europe 16.74 7.78 5.79 5.34 6.37 5.83 6.06 10.70 21.34 36.47 39.13 31.39
India 20.65 35.48 30.72 29.94 21.09 12.77 7.18 4.69 2.64 0.84 0.54 0.53
Latin America 7.03 4.67 6.76 9.44 10.04 10.50 11.01 12.46 9.64 2.94 1.69 1.43
North America 10.73 0.18 0.26 0.45 0.69 1.09 1.77 4.09 10.81 26.76 31.24 46.51
World 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Minimum wealth 132 474 987 1,870 3,210 5,443 9,435 19,861 68,845 185,336 759,927
Wealth share (%) -0.33 0.06 0.13 0.26 0.47 0.81 1.38 2.59 6.97 87.65 76.6 50.01
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 3-5: Main gains and losses in global wealth distribution, adults (thousand), 2014–2015
Wealth above USD 1 m Global top 10% Global top 1%
Country 2014 2015 Change Country 2014 2015 Change Country 2014 2015 Change

Main gains Main gains Main gains

USA 14,753 15,656 903 USA 104,868 113,300 8,432 USA 18,162 20,680 2,518
China 1,181 1,333 152 China 32,405 39,050 6,645 UK 3,153 3,623 470
UK 2,296 2,364 68 UK 30,223 31,612 1,389 China 1,532 1,885 353
Hong Kong 101 107 7 India 3,622 3,988 366 Taiwan 567 599 32
Korea 10,350 10,651 301 Korea 429 449 20
Saudi Arabia 1,306 1,587 281 India 234 254 20
Hong Kong 1,707 1,918 211 Hong Kong 126 144 18
UAE 1,594 1,755 161 Switzerland 816 831 15
Turkmenistan 399 519 120 UAE 77 87 10
Switzerland 3,580 3,683 103 Saudi Arabia 63 71 8

Main losses Main losses Main losses

Japan 2,807 2,126 -681 Japan 60,562 58,734 -1,828 France 3,359 2,762 -597
France 2,422 1,791 -631 Italy 29,288 27,935 -1,353 Japan 3,984 3,417 -567
Germany 1,917 1,525 -392 Spain 16,011 14,768 -1,243 Italy 2,064 1,714 -350
Italy 1,504 1,126 -378 Brazil 5,251 4,154 -1,097 Germany 2,586 2,281 -305
Australia 1,198 961 -237 Germany 31,185 30,205 -980 Australia 1,651 1,480 -171
Canada 1,160 984 -176 France 27,326 26,437 -889 Canada 1,584 1,500 -84
Sweden 633 520 -113 Russia 2,129 1,354 -775 Belgium 526 447 -79
New Zealand 386 282 -105 Mexico 4,793 4,196 -597 Spain 608 530 -78
Spain 454 360 -95 Greece 3,028 2,536 -492 New Zealand 529 453 -76
Belgium 370 278 -92 Colombia 1,841 1,462 -379 Russia 188 122 -66

World 36,123 33,718 -2,405 World 469,934 477,082 7,148 World 46,993 47,709 716
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 3-6: High net worth individuals by country and region, 2015
Wealth range (USD)
Country/region
1–5 m 5–10 m 10–50 m 50–100 m 100–500 m 500–1 bn over 1 bn
Number of adults
United States 13,390,718 1,423,974 782,061 39,210 18,108 1,024 513
United Kingdom 2,170,170 127,651 60,451 3,544 1,683 99 51
Japan 1,994,004 91,969 37,163 1,719 702 33 14
France 1,649,314 94,098 43,706 2,486 1,157 66 34
Germany 1,380,521 92,008 47,313 3,149 1,627 109 62
China 1,158,156 102,014 63,255 5,571 3,461 305 218
Italy 1,029,925 62,856 30,398 1,851 897 55 29
Canada 900,511 54,552 26,248 1,589 771 47 25
Australia 884,608 50,655 23,458 1,341 625 36 18
Switzerland 577,651 56,123 29,304 2,313 1,345 108 71
Sweden 474,368 29,680 14,420 922 473 31 18
Taiwan 366,164 28,976 16,766 1,322 763 60 39
Spain 322,987 22,905 12,273 870 467 33 20
Korea 275,792 22,464 13,241 1,079 636 52 35
Netherlands 259,219 15,319 7,162 426 203 12 6
New Zealand 266,357 11,111 4,166 182 71 3 1
Belgium 261,027 12,057 4,897 228 93 4 2
Norway 187,417 11,681 5,568 348 171 11 6
Austria 175,728 12,016 5,901 388 199 13 7
Denmark 176,841 11,046 5,388 346 174 11 6
India 156,005 16,000 11,118 1,142 792 81 67
Brazil 143,640 13,804 9,056 873 577 55 43
Singapore 125,365 9,924 5,729 455 263 21 14
Mexico 107,631 8,703 5,105 418 246 20 13
Hong Kong 88,157 10,105 7,370 841 625 71 64
Indonesia 83,537 8,204 5,416 549 371 37 29
Russia 73,878 9,210 7,295 910 725 90 90
Israel 76,162 6,998 4,366 405 259 24 17
Ireland 75,110 5,320 2,722 191 101 7 4
Turkey 61,996 6,410 4,465 461 321 33 27
Finland 64,479 4,426 2,263 159 84 6 3
United Arab Emirates 53,052 3,877 2,002 151 82 6 4
Greece 52,048 3,653 2,004 143 77 6 3
Portugal 45,910 3,315 1,616 121 65 5 3
South Africa 43,417 3,719 2,181 195 119 10 7
Saudi Arabia 43,423 3,602 2,190 185 111 9 6
Chile 37,453 3,644 2,418 234 156 15 12
Poland 38,259 3,113 1,676 140 81 6 4
Colombia 32,689 2,414 1,338 105 59 4 3
Philippines 29,531 3,003 2,105 218 151 16 13
Qatar 29,574 1,828 758 64 34 2 1
Malaysia 26,600 2,600 1,697 169 113 11 9
Peru 24,129 2,403 1,608 164 111 11 9
Czech Republic 24,470 2,215 1,388 128 82 7 5
Kuwait 24,455 2,047 1,314 114 70 6 4
Thailand 20,947 2,305 1,655 186 136 15 13
Egypt 19,347 2,005 1,345 142 99 10 8
Luxembourg 16,414 1,293 615 50 28 2 1
Argentina 15,517 1,602 1,009 106 72 7 6
Morocco 11,474 1,006 687 67 44 4 3

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Table 3-6: High net worth individuals by country and region, 2015, continued
Wealth range (USD)
Country/region
1–5 m 5–10 m 10–50 m 50–100 m 100–500 m 500–1 bn over 1 bn
Number of adults
North America 14,296,827 1,478,888 808,497 40,811 18,885 1,072 538
Europe 9,108,864 583,728 288,576 18,918 9,868 696 439
Asia-Pacific 4,509,560 270,031 136,244 9,664 5,485 450 324
China 1,158,156 102,014 63,255 5,571 3,461 305 218
Latin America 418,767 38,290 23,998 2,276 1,477 139 107
India 156,005 16,000 11,118 1,142 792 81 67
Africa 109,525 10,149 6,035 596 389 37 29
World 29,757,703 2,499,100 1,337,722 78,978 40,357 2,781 1,722
Percentage of adults (in %)
North America 48.0 59.2 60.4 51.7 46.8 38.5 31.2
Europe 30.6 23.4 21.6 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.5
Asia-Pacific 15.2 10.8 10.2 12.2 13.6 16.2 18.8
China 3.9 4.1 4.7 7.1 8.6 11.0 12.7
Latin America 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.9 3.7 5.0 6.2
India 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.4 2.0 2.9 3.9
Africa 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.7
World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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4. The global middle class

4.1 Introduction

Throughout the world, the size, health and resources of the middle class are seen as key factors
in determining the speed and sustainability of economic development. The middle class is often
at the heart of political movements and new consumption trends. It is also a major source of the
business people and entrepreneurs who aim to satisfy the new demands, and of the funding
needed to support their businesses, particularly in the early stages. This chapter looks at the
changing circumstances of the middle class since the turn of the century, within countries and
regions as well as globally.
The “middle class” category is not easy to define. At one time, the label was usually attached to
households whose head was a professional or a manager, or who worked in a skilled white
collar or blue collar job. More recently, it has become common to define the middle class in
terms of a range of household income, which offers a comfortable lifestyle, but not an overly
generous one; in other words a range which excludes the poor and those vulnerable to poverty
at the bottom end, but also those at the top with the highest incomes.
We proceed here in a similar vein, but break new ground by defining the middle class in terms
of a wealth band rather than an income range. This has many attractions. The values and
aspirations of the middle class have always been linked to ownership of property, which gives
the middle class a stake in the future of the country, and the freedom to view issues from a
longer term perspective. Furthermore, access to modest amounts of assets allows households
to tide themselves over when misfortune strikes; in other words, it ensures less vulnerability to
spells of poverty. An income-based definition of the middle class misses these elements of
freedom and security. It suggests, for example, that a spell of unemployment can cause middle
class status to evaporate. A wealth-based definition on the other hand conforms better with the
widespread view that middle class membership is resilient to temporary setbacks.

4.2 The middle class wealth range

For a variety of reasons – including the iconic status of the middle class in North America – the
United States is chosen as the benchmark country. Specifically, a middle class adult in the
United States is defined to be one with wealth between USD 50,000 and USD 500,000 valued
at mid-2015 prices. The lower bound could perhaps be justified by noting that USD 50,000
equates to roughly two years median earnings, and hence provides substantial protection
against work interruptions, income shortfalls, or emergency expenditures. Similarly, the upper
threshold of USD 500,000 roughly equates to the amount of capital a person close to
retirement age needs to purchase an annuity paying the median wage for the remainder of their
life. However, we do not aim to provide a detailed justification of our chosen cut-offs, which are
intended to be indicative rather than precise. Other reasonable values for the lower and upper
bounds do not appear to change the broad patterns and conclusions documented below.
For the years before 2015, the middle class wealth bounds for the United States were adjusted
downwards using the US CPI. For other countries, the IMF series of purchasing power parity
(PPP) values was used to derive middle class wealth bounds equivalent in local purchasing
power terms. Nowadays prices in the United States are often lower than in other advanced
economies, so applying the PPP adjustment sometimes produces lower bounds for middle class
wealth above USD 50,000 (see Table 1). Among Nordic countries, for example, the cut-offs in
2015 range from USD 51,400 for Finland and USD 52,600 for Sweden to USD 57,300 for
Denmark and USD 58,200 for Norway. Applying our methodology suggests that an adult in
Switzerland must own at least USD 72,900 in assets to belong to the middle class.

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Countries with lower wealth per capita tend to have lower prices, so for them the middle class
threshold is correspondingly reduced, as Table 1 shows. To be a member of the middle class in
2015 according to our methodology, an adult needs at least USD 28,000 in Brazil, Chile and
China; USD 22,000 in South Africa and Turkey; USD 18,000 in Malaysia, Russia and Thailand;
and just USD 13,700 in India.

4.3 Middle class numbers by region and country

For each country the upper limit of middle class wealth is ten times the lower bound. This allows
the members of the middle class to be identified, and their number and wealth to be estimated.
Our results indicate that 664 million adults belong to the global middle class in 2015, equivalent
to 14% of the total adult population. A further 96 million (2% of world adults) have wealth
above the upper bound of our middle class wealth range.
Across regions, the middle class is most prevalent in North America, where 39% of adults
qualify, followed by Europe, where the proportion is one third. As Table 2 shows, the share then
drops sharply, to 15% for the Asia-Pacific region (excluding China and India), around 11% in
China and Latin America, and just 3% in Africa and India. Including those with wealth above the
middle class cut-off raises the North America incidence rate to 51%, but makes little difference
to the numbers for China, Latin America, Africa or India.
Despite high incidence in North America, the region contains only 105 million middle class
adults (16% of the global total), significantly less than the 171 million members (26%) in the
Asia-Pacific region (excluding China and India) or the 194 million residents of Europe (29% of
the world). In fact, the number of middle class adults in North America has fallen below the
number in China (see Table 3). Adding those with wealth beyond our middle class range raises
the North American share from 16% to 18% and overtakes the number in China, but otherwise
makes little difference to the regional ranking.
The middle class is so closely associated with North America – and with the United States in
particular – that some of our results for individual countries may come as a surprise. The pattern
displayed in Table 3 shows that China now has the largest number of middle class adults by a
wide margin – 109 million compared to 92 million in the United States (although this ranking is
reversed when those above the middle class upper threshold are added). Eleven other countries
have more than ten million middle class citizens, ranging from Japan with 62 million, through
France, Italy, Germany, India, Spain and the United Kingdom, with 20-30 million, and Australia,
Brazil, Canada and Korea, with 10-17 million members each.
Although North America is the region with the largest share of middle class adults, among
countries the highest middle class incidence rates are found elsewhere. Half of all adults in the
United States own more than USD 50,000, but only 38% fall within our middle class range.
This is a relatively low percentage among advanced economies (see Table 4). Over 50% of
adults qualify as middle class in Ireland, the Netherlands and New Zealand, while over 55%
qualify in Italy, Japan, Spain, Taiwan, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom. The
middle class incidence rate exceeds 60% in Belgium and Singapore, and is highest of all in
Australia, where 66% of adults are in the middle class and 80% belong to the middle class or
beyond.

4.4 Middle class wealth

The net worth of the middle class in 2015 amounted to USD 80.7 trillion worldwide, or 32% of
global wealth. Adults with wealth beyond the middle class threshold accounted for a further
USD 150 trillion, bringing the total wealth of the middle class and beyond to USD 231 trillion, or
92% of global wealth. Thus the 1 in 6 adults who belong to the middle class and beyond own
the vast bulk of global assets. The same picture emerges within regions and countries, with few
instances of countries where the middle class and beyond own less than two thirds of total
wealth, regardless of the size of the middle class. India is a borderline case: only 3% of adults

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have wealth above the middle class minimum, but the group accounts for 64% of total
household wealth (see Table 5). The situation in Africa as a whole is almost identical.
Other interesting conclusions emerge from the breakdown by region and country. While North
America is the region with the highest incidence of middle class adults, its share of middle class
wealth is not only lower than for the world as a whole, but the lowest of all regions, including
India. More surprising is the finding that in North America – alone among regions – the
population share of the middle class exceeds their share of wealth: in other words, the middle
class as a group have less than average wealth (see Table 2). In fact the average wealth of
middle class adults in North America is barely half the average for all adults. In contrast, middle
class wealth per adult in Europe is 130% of the regional average; the middle class in China are
three times better off in wealth terms than the country as a whole; and the average wealth of
the middle class in both India and Africa is ten times the level of those in the rest of the
population. The reason for this unexpected result is evident from Table 2: in North America the
size and wealth of the group beyond the middle class is large enough to depress the relative
position of the middle class.
A shortfall of the wealth share of the middle class below its population share is also evident in
many individual countries outside North America, including every one of the G7 nations. Table 6
shows that the shortfall is most acute in Switzerland, Singapore and the United States; but in
Australia, Hong Kong and Sweden too, the mean wealth of the middle class is more than one
third lower than the average for the whole population. Again, the reason why the middle class in
these countries has less than its “fair share” of wealth is because those beyond the middle class
are sufficiently numerous and wealthy to depress the middle class share. In contrast, for middle
and low-income countries – such as Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and Mexico – the share of
the middle class wealth exceeds its population share (see Table 6). This difference signals that
in such countries members of the middle class are not “in the middle”. Rather, they are toward
the top of the distribution and there are relatively few people above them. The same is true for
the world as a whole.

4.5 Trends in middle class numbers

Our results show an expansion this century in the number of middle class adults from 524
million in 2000 to 664 million in 2015, a rise of 140 million or 27%. This is a substantial
increase by any standard, even allowing for the rise in population over this period. However, it
underestimates the increase in middle class membership because it disregards the net increase
in the number of those who advance beyond our middle class range. To accommodate the latter
it is best to look first at the change in the total number in or beyond the middle class, and then
split the total into those who remain in the middle class and those who progress further.
Table 7 indicates that the number of adults with wealth above the middle class lower bound has
increased by 178 million this century, a rise of 31%. Most of the new entrants have remained
within the middle class band, but 38 million extra adults are now found beyond this range. Each
of the regions contributed to the rise in both categories, led by the Asia-Pacific region, which
added 42 million adults to the middle class ranks and a further 10 million to the number beyond
the middle class. China added 43 million new members, of which a smaller proportion (5 million)
progressed higher. In contrast, about one third of the 34 million new middle class members in
Europe advanced beyond the middle class range, and almost 40% of the 27 million new
members in North America moved on.
The financial crisis had a significant impact on the size of the middle class and beyond. Every
region contributed to the massive expansion during 2000-2007 when the global stock absorbed
267 million new members; and every region also contributed to the decline during 2007-2008
when the number in the middle class and beyond shrank by 115 million. However, the overall
picture is dominated by China where the middle class and beyond added 102 million members
during 2000–2007 and then shed 67 million members in the following year. Our figures
suggest that the middle class and beyond grew by nine million in China between 2008 and
2014, and that middle class numbers are still well below the pre-crisis peak. In fact, middle
class numbers have not recovered since 2008 in any region except North America, where the
core middle class shrank by 2.6 million in 2007–2008, but has subsequently expanded by 9.5

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million. In Africa, Europe and Latin America, middle class numbers have continued to fall in the
period since 2008 although the number of adults beyond the middle class wealth range has
risen recently in Latin America and Africa.
A similar pattern over time emerges for individual countries, although a few escaped the
downturn in middle class numbers during the financial crisis. These include Poland and Taiwan,
both of which had substantial gains in middle class membership since 2000, alongside
Australia, Canada, France, India, Japan, Korea, Mexico, the United Kingdom and, most notably,
China and the United States whose gains far outstrip all other countries. At the other end of the
scale, the middle class contracted in size this century in five countries: Argentina, Egypt,
Greece, Russia and Turkey. In each case, the middle class expanded between 2000 and 2007,
then shrank as a result of the financial crisis and continued to shed members from 2008
onwards. After trebling in size by 2007, Russia has lost more middle class members since 2008
than any other country. Like Greece and Turkey, the middle class in Russia is only a little
smaller now than in 2000. But our estimates suggest that the middle class in Egypt is half the
size it was at the turn of the century, while the middle class in Argentina has shed two thirds of
its membership.

4.6 Trends in middle class wealth

In all regions and in almost all countries, the wealth of the middle class and beyond has grown
strongly this century. Globally, the wealth of those above the lower middle class threshold has
more than doubled, from USD 108.3 trillion in 2000 to USD 230.9 trillion in 2015. In Africa it
has grown by 140% and in India by 280%, while China has experienced a six-fold increase
(see Table 8). Part of the increase reflects population growth and erosion of purchasing power
by inflation. But after controlling for these factors there remains significant growth in the wealth
of those above the middle class cut-off.
Further inspection of the data yields two important observations. First, the increase in middle
class wealth occurred principally before the financial crisis. Total global wealth for the middle
class and beyond rose by USD 95.7 trillion between 2000 and 2007, then dropped by USD
30.3 trillion in 2007-8, before rising by USD 57.2 trillion from 2008 onwards. Thus about 80%
of the rise this century in the wealth of the middle class and beyond occurred before 2007. The
pattern within each region is broadly similar, although the Asia-Pacific region (excluding China
and India) saw no decline in wealth during 2007–2008; and in Africa and Europe, the wealth of
the middle class and beyond has not recovered to pre-crisis levels. The same pattern is also
evident across countries, although most of the rise in the wealth of the middle class and beyond
in the United States occurred after the financial crisis, and the same is true of Singapore,
Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan and Thailand.
The second noteworthy observation is that the rise in wealth of the middle class and beyond has
gone largely to those with wealth above our upper middle class threshold despite the much
smaller population size. For the world as a whole, the split is more than 2:1 in favour of those
beyond the middle class, and in North America the split is more than 4:1. In fact, in every region
during 2000–2015, the rise in the aggregate wealth of the middle class was less than that at
higher wealth levels, and this was true of most countries, the exceptions being Colombia,
Greece, Mexico and Poland where the split was roughly 60:40 in favour of the core middle
class.
These two factors help explain the trends evident in Table 9, which plots the share of total
wealth owned by the middle class in each region. An increase in the size of the middle class,
combined with a relatively even distribution of wealth gains, kept the share of middle class
wealth fairly stable during the early years of the century. During the financial crisis of 2007–
2008, the size of the middle class declined, but its average wealth fell by a smaller factor than
that experienced at higher wealth levels. As a consequence, the wealth share of the middle
class fell in Africa, China and India, where the decline in middle class numbers was most
severe, and rose in Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America, where the middle class
contraction was more modest.

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From 2008 onwards, wealth growth has not allowed middle class numbers to keep pace with
population growth in the developing world. Furthermore, the distribution of wealth gains has
shifted in favor of those at higher wealth levels. These two factors have combined to produce a
decline in the share of middle class wealth in every region since 2007, and for the entire 2000–
2015 period. The percentage decline since 2008 lies in a narrow range (9-13%) for most
regions, but is higher in Latin America (16%) and highest of all in North America (17%). This
pattern is repeated in most countries and provides support for the claim that the middle classes
have been squeezed in recent years. Some of the squeezing in certain countries has been due
to higher levels of personal debt. However, it is worth noting that some of the squeezing has
also been done by former members of the middle class. Many people rose out of the middle
class during 2000-2015. In the United States, for example, the number of adults beyond the
middle class rose by almost 50% between 2000 and 2015, with most of the newcomers no
doubt coming from the middle class. Thus, to an extent, the middle class has been the victim of
its own success.

4.7 Alternative approaches

Comparisons of the middle class across many countries will almost certainly need to be based
on data like income or wealth that are widely available. The wealth perspective has many
attractions in our view, but there are also limitations. One of the most important is that data
constraints prevent us from applying different wealth bounds to different age groups. Our
bounds are likely to be less appropriate for the young than the middle aged, and they may also
be questionable for the very old. This lays us open to the suggestion that the exclusion of young
people with wealth less than USD 50,000 is the reason why just 38% of adults qualify as
middle class in the United States. However, we believe this criticism carries little weight.
Australia and the United States have similar demography, for example. Yet 66% of adults in
Australia qualify as middle class on our methodology. This suggests that high wealth inequality is
the principal reason for the low middle class numbers found here for the United States rather
than the exclusion of too many young or old people.
Some commentators recommend including the value of state pensions in the definition of
wealth, which would lead to a rise in the size of the middle class, especially in high income
countries. However, we do not favor this option. People have legal ownership of their private
pensions. In contrast, social security wealth can be changed by government policy. Large
private pensions give people a source of security and independence that makes them solidly
middle class. Those who depend on the state for their retirement income are not in the same
category
A case could be made for expanding the middle class wealth band, reducing the lower bound in
mid-2015 below USD 50,000, and/or raising the upper limit above USD 500,000. We have
experimented with the broader middle class band from USD 30,000 to USD 1 million and found
no substantive qualitative differences with the findings documented above using the narrower
USD 50,000 – USD 500,000 band. By way of illustration, Table 10 compares the trends in the
size of the middle class in the United States and China during 2000-2015. Use of the broad
wealth band suggests that the Chinese middle class has been much bigger than the US middle
class over the entire period, and peaked at more than double the size; but otherwise the
patterns revealed by the narrow and broad bands are similar.
Further options are available for studying middle class trends at a global level. Our approach
chooses wealth to be the measure of resources and employs an absolute criterion. Other
authors have employed a relative concept based on income. Thurow (1987), for example,
specified the bounds as 75% and 125% of median income in the United States. Birdsall,
Graham and Pettinato (2000) applied a similar approach to developing countries. Parker (2009)
offers an alternative proposal where the lower bound of the middle class is the income level at
which a given percentage of income is available for discretionary spending rather than food and
shelter. More recently still, it has become popular to set the lower bound according to the
probability (e.g. 10% or more) of falling into poverty (López-Calva and Ortiz-Juarez, 2014;
Corral, Molini and Oseni, 2015).

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The decision to adopt an absolute or relative definition may not affect the fraction of the
population considered to be middle class in a single country or at a single point in time; but it will
affect perceived changes over time and differences across countries. Over time, most countries
experience growth in per capita income or wealth. With an absolute approach, growth will push
some people up into the middle class and remove others from it at the top end. Growth is
therefore likely to raise the percentage of population in the middle class in low-income
countries, since there are so many low-income people who can rise into the middle class, but to
reduce the middle class fraction in high income countries through exit at the top. Under the
relative approach, if inequality is not greatly affected by growth, then the percentage of middle
class individuals may change very little. By the same token, the percentage of the population
classified as middle class might not vary much across countries under a relative definition, but
could differ considerably with an absolute definition if, say, median incomes differed a lot.
An example of the absolute approach to defining the income middle class was provided by
Milanovic and Yitzhaki (2002), who appear to have been the first to estimate the size of the
global middle class. Milanovic and Yitzhaki pointed out that, in world terms, the G7 countries
could be considered “rich” and took the mean income in Italy – the lowest income country
among the G7 nations – as the upper bound on middle class income. At the other end, they felt
that Brazil had the lowest average income that should be considered middle class. On this basis,
they found that 8% of the world’s population lived in middle-class countries in 1993, 76% were
in poor countries and 16% were in rich countries. Applying the same cut-offs to people rather
than countries indicated that 11% were middle class, 78% were poor and 11% were rich.
Either way, the world’s middle class was quite small. 1 It is almost as though the world was split
between rich and poor groups and lacked a middle class.
The Milanovic and Yitzhaki approach has been used to analyze changes in the middle class over
time. The Economist (2009) reports, for example, that using their absolute cut-offs, 2% of
India’s population was middle class in 1995 but the fraction increased to 5% by 2005. The
Milanovic and Yitzhaki middle class income band equated to about USD 12–50 per person per
day. Some have argued that a more reasonable lower bound for the middle class in India would
be USD 6 per person per day. Making that apparently small change would have large
consequences: between 1995 and 2005 the fraction of the population with income between
USD 6 and USD 12 per day in India rose from 18% to 41% (The Economist, 2009). Ravallion
(2009) went further by arguing for a middle class income band of USD 2 - 13 per person per
day, similar to the USD 2–10 band employed by Banerjee and Duflo (2008). Given that USD 2
per person per day is widely used as the poverty line in low income countries, while USD 13 per
person per day is the U.S. poverty line, this approach clearly views the middle class in
developing countries as being different from the middle class in high income countries. As a
consequence, a large fraction of the population in developing countries is classified as middle
class and its growth is impressive: Ravallion’s criterion suggests that there were 1.5 billion
middle class people in developing countries in 1995, but 2.6 billion, or “half the world”, by
2005. This contrasts sharply with the Milanovic and Yitzhaki result that the middle class scarcely
exists on the world stage. Thus, the choice between absolute and relative concepts can lead to
very different conclusions about the size and growth of the middle class.
The approach adopted Milanovic and Yitzhaki (2002) is perhaps closest in spirit to our own,
although it is based on income rather than wealth. Their discovery that 11% of the world’s
population were middle class in 1993 based on their income seems strikingly consistent – given
economic growth in the intervening years – with our conclusion that 14% of the world’s adults
are middle class in 2015 based on their wealth. The alternative approaches of Ravallion (2009)
and others generate much larger numbers of middle class members, but they focus entirely on
the middle class in developing countries, and use a developing country perspective to establish
upper and lower bounds on middle class income. We are interested in the global middle class,
which accounts for the difference in methods and results.

1
The conclusion could be different in the future. Using a dynamic distributional simulation model, Bussolo, De
Hoyos and Medvedev (2008) predict that by the year 2030 the fraction of the world’s population that would be
middle class under the Milanovic and Yitzhaki definition would grow to 17%.

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4.8 Summary and conclusions

This chapter has used our unique set of wealth data to investigate the changing fortunes of the
middle class this century in all regions and countries of the world. We defined the middle class
as adults in the United States with wealth between USD 50,000 and USD 500,000 in 2015
dollars, and in other countries as those having wealth in the same range in terms of local
purchasing power. Wealth is a good basis for identifying the middle class because it is
necessary for the financial freedom and security that are its hallmarks. We find that the middle
class in 2015 accounts for 14% of world adults and 32% of world wealth. When those beyond
the middle class are added, the larger group makes up 16% of the adult population and holds
92% of total wealth.
The size and wealth of the middle class varies greatly across countries, ranging from 3% of the
adult population in India to 66% of adults in Australia. Surprisingly, only 38% of adults in the
United States qualify as middle class according to our criterion, a much lower percentage than
the 50% to 60% figure found in most high income countries. The reason lies in high wealth
inequality in the United States, which spreads most of the population out beyond the middle
class boundaries.
The middle class in the United States is also unusual in having a particularly low share of the
country’s wealth, which at 19.6% is considerably less than its share of the adult population.
This is because the middle class wealth share is squeezed by the exceptionally high wealth of
the 12% of adults who are beyond the middle class. While the wealth share of the middle class
is less than its population share in many other high income countries, the imbalance is seldom
as great as in the United States. Among regions, North America is the only one where the
wealth share of the middle class does not exceed its adult population share. In other words,
North America is the only region where the middle class has less than average wealth.
Since the turn of the century, the number of adults in the middle class and beyond has
increased considerably, up from 524 million to 664 million. Their wealth has also risen
impressively, by USD 122.6 trillion. However, the upward trend has not been smooth. There
was a sharp drop in 2007-2008 in both middle class numbers and wealth. Numbers have not
yet returned to the 2007 level in any region except North America. In Argentina and Egypt, they
remain significantly below the level at the turn of the century. The wealth of the middle class and
beyond now exceeds its 2007 value in the Asia-Pacific region, China, India, Latin America and
North America, but has not fully recovered in Africa or Europe. Meanwhile, the wealth of those
beyond the middle class has risen more rapidly; as a consequence, the share of middle class
wealth has fallen in all regions since 2008, and in all regions except China over the period from
2000 to 2015.
There are notable differences in trends across countries and regions, which generate interesting
comparisons, such as that between China and India. In China the number of middle class adults
grew by 38 million between 2000 and 2015, and their wealth rose by USD 5.6 trillion. As a
consequence, there are now more global middle class members in China (109 million) than
there are in the United States (92 million). In contrast, India added only 6.7 million adults to the
middle class, and middle class wealth rose by just USD 1.2 trillion. This divergence in
experiences is partly due to faster overall wealth growth in China, and partly because the
populous mid-portion of the Chinese wealth distribution is moving into the global middle class,
whereas it is still far from doing so in India.

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Table 4-1: Minimum wealth of middle class 2015, selected countries

middle class lower bound wealth per adult middle class lower bound wealth per adult
wealth 2015 (USD) 2015 (USD) wealth 2015 (USD) 2015 (USD)

Switzerland 72,896 567,122 Brazil 28,321 17,597

Norway 58,176 321,352 Czech Republic 27,737 41,710
Denmark 57,286 251,634 Slovakia 27,326 24,062
Australia 55,358 364,896 Argentina 27,289 9,778
United Kingdom 55,123 320,368 Mexico 25,638 25,949
Israel 53,852 155,982 Kuwait 24,892 113,419
Sweden 52,564 311,353 Peru 24,523 20,113
Finland 51,448 149,917 Taiwan 23,993 194,701
Luxembourg 50,864 303,695 Poland 23,950 24,370
New Zealand 50,807 400,811 Hungary 23,080 30,796
United States 50,000 352,996 Colombia 23,042 20,477
Canada 49,481 248,276 South Africa 22,696 21,402
Austria 46,435 196,092 Turkey 22,378 19,301
Belgium 46,435 259,406 Nigeria 21,725 2,705
France 46,183 262,070 Saudi Arabia 21,440 39,481
Ireland 45,571 194,650 Romania 21,405 13,295
Netherlands 45,264 182,782 Iraq 21,332 21,629
Germany 43,733 177,984 Philippines 20,393 9,177
Italy 42,177 203,577 Malaysia 19,076 22,700
Japan 42,105 190,230 Serbia 18,996 6,585
Korea 37,874 91,108 Morocco 18,764 10,123
Spain 37,521 111,643 Russia 18,737 11,726
Hong Kong 37,027 173,685 Thailand 18,248 7,330
Cyprus 35,406 112,220 Vietnam 18,074 5,030
Uruguay 35,112 39,299 Bangladesh 17,886 2,201
Greece 34,875 81,342 Tunisia 17,349 18,397
Portugal 34,401 73,843 Algeria 15,391 8,274
Slovenia 33,788 56,406 Indonesia 15,206 9,031
Singapore 31,842 269,408 Iran 15,049 3,654
United Arab Emirates 31,303 144,377 Egypt 14,544 6,983
Qatar 30,580 156,986 Pakistan 14,413 4,459
China 29,245 22,513 India 13,662 4,352
Chile 28,433 41,982 Ukraine 11,258 1,437
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-2: Share of middle class adults and wealth 2015 by region
middle class beyond middle class

share of adults (%) share of wealth (%) share of adults (%) share of wealth (%)
North America 38.8 21.0 12.1 77.6
Europe 33.1 40.6 5.2 56.1
Asia-Pacific 15.1 41.6 1.9 49.9
China 10.7 32.2 0.6 35.4
Latin America 10.6 35.1 0.7 38.5
Africa 3.3 32.1 0.2 30.6
India 3.0 22.6 0.2 41.4
World 13.9 32.3 2.0 60.1
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-3: Number of middle class adults (million) 2015 by region and country
number of adults percentage of number of adults percentage of
(thousand) world (thousand) world

China 108,764 16.4 Chile 2,840 0.4

United States 91,856 13.8 Philippines 2,804 0.4
Japan 62,051 9.4 Hong Kong 2,748 0.4
Italy 29,402 4.4 Switzerland 2,739 0.4
Germany 28,465 4.3 Egypt 2,729 0.4
United Kingdom 27,945 4.2 Iraq 2,539 0.4
France 23,845 3.6 Singapore 2,521 0.4
India 23,673 3.6 Czech Republic 2,239 0.3
Spain 20,948 3.2 United Arab Emirates 2,185 0.3
Korea 17,367 2.6 Iran 2,177 0.3
Canada 13,217 2.0 Israel 2,153 0.3
Mexico 12,916 1.9 Norway 2,136 0.3
Brazil 11,236 1.7 Peru 1,996 0.3
Australia 11,178 1.7 Finland 1,926 0.3
Taiwan 10,959 1.7 Thailand 1,855 0.3
Indonesia 7,177 1.1 Ireland 1,784 0.3
Netherlands 7,042 1.1 Romania 1,749 0.3
Pakistan 6,273 0.9 Tunisia 1,708 0.3
Poland 5,863 0.9 Denmark 1,667 0.3
Saudi Arabia 5,759 0.9 New Zealand 1,656 0.2
Turkey 5,261 0.8 Morocco 1,514 0.2
Belgium 5,245 0.8 Kuwait 1,270 0.2
Colombia 4,792 0.7 Slovakia 1,234 0.2
Russia 4,509 0.7 Bangladesh 1,178 0.2
Greece 4,309 0.6 Argentina 1,142 0.2
South Africa 4,309 0.6 Nigeria 922 0.1
Portugal 3,855 0.6 Slovenia 867 0.1
Malaysia 3,168 0.5 Qatar 738 0.1
Hungary 3,149 0.5 Serbia 498 0.1
Vietnam 3,134 0.5 Uruguay 318 0.0
Austria 2,994 0.5 Ukraine 297 0.0
Algeria 2,952 0.4 Cyprus 256 0.0
Sweden 2,907 0.4 Luxembourg 244 0.0
Europe 193,624 29.2 Latin America 42,801 6.4
Asia-Pacific 170,826 25.7 India 23,673 3.6
China 108,764 16.4 Africa 18,808 2.8
North America 105,117 15.8
World 663,613 100.0
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-4: Middle class share of all adults (%) 2015, by country and region
middle class middle class
middle class middle class
and above and above
Australia 66.1 80.3 Germany 42.4 50.0
Singapore 62.3 78.3 Denmark 39.5 50.0
Belgium 62.1 74.4 Sweden 39.4 50.9
Italy 59.7 68.3 United States 37.7 50.0
Japan 59.5 68.6 Saudi Arabia 33.1 35.2
Taiwan 59.4 74.6 Czech Republic 26.5 28.1
United Kingdom 57.4 69.6 Chile 22.3 23.8
Norway 56.4 68.6 Poland 19.3 20.3
United Arab Emirates 56.4 64.2 Mexico 17.1 18.1
Spain 55.8 59.6 Malaysia 16.7 17.9
Netherlands 54.1 61.5 Colombia 15.3 16.2
Ireland 50.3 57.7 South Africa 13.7 14.8
New Zealand 50.3 72.2 China 10.7 11.3
France 49.2 61.7 Peru 10.3 11.1
Canada 47.8 58.3 Turkey 9.9 10.7
Greece 47.2 50.0 Brazil 8.1 8.7
Finland 45.6 50.0 Egypt 5.0 5.4
Portugal 44.6 47.3 Philippines 4.8 5.2
Korea 44.6 47.5 Indonesia 4.4 5.0
Switzerland 44.5 58.5 Russia 4.1 4.6
Hong Kong 44.4 49.5 Argentina 4.0 4.3
Austria 44.0 51.9 Thailand 3.7 4.0
Israel 42.5 46.2 India 3.0 3.2
North America 38.8 50.9 Latin America 10.6 11.3
Europe 33.1 38.3 Africa 3.3 3.5
Asia-Pacific 15.1 17.0 India 3.0 3.2
China 10.7 11.3
World 13.9 15.9
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-5: Wealth holdings of middle class 2015, by country and region
middle class middle class and beyond
total wealth share of wealth of share of world total wealth share of wealth of share of world
(USD bn) country/region (%) wealth (%) (USD bn) country/region (%) wealth (%)
United States 16,845 19.6 6.7 84,824 98.7 33.9
Japan 9,724 49.0 3.9 19,138 96.5 7.7
China 7,342 32.2 2.9 15,412 67.6 6.2
United Kingdom 6,188 39.7 2.5 15,255 97.8 6.1
France 4,901 38.6 2.0 12,437 98.0 5.0
Germany 4,758 39.9 1.9 11,630 97.5 4.6
Italy 4,746 47.3 1.9 9,781 97.5 3.9
Canada 2,680 39.0 1.1 6,702 97.5 2.7
Australia 2,490 40.3 1.0 6,094 98.7 2.4
Spain 2,200 52.4 0.9 3,945 94.0 1.6
Korea 1,682 47.4 0.7 3,289 92.7 1.3
Netherlands 1,182 49.7 0.5 2,373 99.8 0.9
Taiwan 1,063 29.6 0.4 3,547 98.8 1.4
Belgium 1,023 46.7 0.4 2,154 98.4 0.9
Mexico 791 40.4 0.3 1,492 76.2 0.6
India 780 22.6 0.3 2,206 64.0 0.9
Brazil 754 31.0 0.3 1,789 73.5 0.7
Switzerland 696 19.9 0.3 3,405 97.5 1.4
Austria 515 38.5 0.2 1,308 97.9 0.5
Norway 513 42.1 0.2 1,268 104.1 0.5
Sweden 504 22.0 0.2 2,223 96.9 0.9
Europe 30,468 40.6 12.2 72,554 96.7 29.0
North America 19,534 21.0 7.8 91,559 98.6 36.6
Asia-Pacific 19,127 41.6 7.6 42,079 91.5 16.8
China 7,342 32.2 2.9 15,412 67.6 6.2
Latin America 2,621 35.1 1.0 5,495 73.6 2.2
Africa 834 32.1 0.3 1,627 62.7 0.7
India 780 22.6 0.3 2,206 64.0 0.9
World 80,706 32.3 32.3 230,933 92.4 92.4
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-6: Ratio of share of middle class wealth to share of middle class adults 2015
share of share of ratio share wealth/ share of share of ratio share wealth/
adults (%) wealth (%) share adults adults (%) wealth (%) share adults
Switzerland 44.5 19.9 0.45 Czech Republic 26.5 41.0 1.6
Singapore 62.3 30.6 0.49 Chile 22.3 35.8 1.6
Taiwan 59.4 29.6 0.50 Hungary 39.8 69.6 1.8
United States 37.7 19.6 0.52 Malaysia 16.7 33.3 2.0
New Zealand 50.3 27.4 0.54 Slovakia 28.5 58.6 2.1
Sweden 39.4 22.0 0.56 Uruguay 13.1 28.6 2.2
Hong Kong 44.4 26.3 0.59 Tunisia 22.4 49.7 2.2
Australia 66.1 40.3 0.61 Poland 19.3 43.4 2.3
Luxembourg 61.3 39.5 0.64 Mexico 17.1 40.4 2.4
United Kingdom 57.4 39.7 0.69 Colombia 15.3 42.6 2.8
Qatar 57.2 39.9 0.70 Turkey 9.9 27.8 2.8
Kuwait 53.6 38.5 0.72 South Africa 13.7 38.6 2.8
Belgium 62.1 46.7 0.75 Peru 10.3 30.1 2.9
Norway 56.4 42.1 0.75 China 10.7 32.2 3.0
United Arab Emirates 56.4 42.9 0.76 Iraq 14.1 49.9 3.5
France 49.2 38.6 0.78 Romania 10.5 37.9 3.6
Italy 59.7 47.3 0.79 Brazil 8.1 31.0 3.8
Canada 47.8 39.0 0.82 Algeria 11.9 46.0 3.9
Japan 59.5 49.0 0.82 Russia 4.1 16.8 4.1
Cyprus 36.1 30.5 0.84 Morocco 6.9 30.1 4.4
Austria 44.0 38.5 0.88 Egypt 5.0 25.2 5.0
Ireland 50.3 44.7 0.89 Philippines 4.8 25.6 5.3
Netherlands 54.1 49.7 0.92 Indonesia 4.4 24.0 5.5
Denmark 39.5 37.1 0.94 Serbia 6.6 36.5 5.5
Spain 55.8 52.4 0.94 Thailand 3.7 22.6 6.1
Germany 42.4 39.9 0.94 Pakistan 5.7 35.2 6.2
Israel 42.5 40.2 0.95 Argentina 4.0 26.5 6.6
Korea 44.6 47.4 1.06 Vietnam 4.9 33.6 6.9
Finland 45.6 50.9 1.12 India 3.0 22.6 7.5
Greece 47.2 53.6 1.14 Iran 4.0 31.1 7.8
Portugal 44.6 52.9 1.19 Bangladesh 1.1 15.1 13.7
Saudi Arabia 33.1 44.2 1.34 Nigeria 1.1 21.2 19.3
Slovenia 52.2 80.1 1.53 Ukraine 0.8 16.9 21.1
North America 38.8 21.0 0.54 Latin America 10.6 35.1 7.5
Europe 33.1 40.6 1.23 India 3.0 22.6 9.7
Asia-Pacific 15.1 41.6 2.75 Africa 3.3 32.1
China 10.7 32.2 3.01
World 13.9 32.3 2.32
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-7: Change in number of middle class adults 2000-2015, for regions and selected countries
middle class and beyond middle class beyond middle class
period 2000 2015 2000-15 2000-15 2000-7 2007-8 2008-15 2000-15 2000-15
number number change change change change change change change
million million million % million million million million million
China 71.8 115.1 43.3 60.3 102.0 -67.3 8.5 38.5 4.8
United States 99.7 121.7 22.0 22.1 11.9 -6.8 17.0 12.9 9.1
India 17.8 25.5 7.7 43.6 12.5 -5.5 0.7 6.8 1.0
France 22.7 29.9 7.2 31.8 6.2 -0.2 1.2 3.6 3.7
Japan 64.4 71.5 7.1 11.1 2.4 0.0 4.8 4.2 2.9
Korea 12.4 18.5 6.1 49.7 5.7 -1.1 1.6 5.4 0.7
Mexico 7.6 13.7 6.1 80.4 7.5 -0.3 -1.1 5.8 0.3
United Kingdom 28.6 33.9 5.3 18.4 3.2 -1.2 3.3 3.0 2.2
Canada 11.4 16.1 4.7 41.6 2.4 -0.3 2.6 3.2 1.5
Australia 9.7 13.6 3.9 40.2 2.3 0.0 1.6 2.4 1.5
Poland 2.3 6.2 3.8 163.4 2.4 0.6 0.8 3.7 0.2
Taiwan 10.1 13.8 3.7 36.4 1.6 0.6 1.5 1.8 1.9
Spain 18.9 22.4 3.5 18.2 5.2 -2.1 0.3 3.2 0.3
Colombia 1.8 5.1 3.3 182.7 1.6 0.0 1.7 3.1 0.2
Greece 4.7 4.6 -0.1 -1.9 1.1 -0.4 -0.8 -0.1 0.0
Turkey 6.0 5.7 -0.3 -5.3 3.1 -2.0 -1.4 -0.4 0.1
Russia 5.6 5.0 -0.6 -10.3 11.1 -2.5 -9.2 -0.7 0.1
Argentina 3.9 1.2 -2.7 -68.8 1.5 -1.1 -3.1 -2.6 -0.1
Egypt 5.7 2.9 -2.7 -48.2 3.0 -2.6 -3.1 -2.7 -0.1
Asia-Pacific 140.7 191.8 51.2 36.4 59.4 -15.5 7.3 41.6 9.6
China 71.8 115.1 43.3 60.3 102.0 -67.3 8.5 38.5 4.8
Europe 189.5 223.9 34.5 18.2 46.2 -9.3 -2.4 23.5 11.0
North America 111.1 137.8 26.7 24.1 14.3 -7.1 19.5 16.1 10.7
Latin America 31.7 45.4 13.8 43.5 21.2 -2.9 -4.5 12.8 0.9
India 17.8 25.5 7.7 43.6 12.5 -5.5 0.7 6.8 1.0
Africa 19.1 19.9 0.7 3.8 11.5 -7.5 -3.2 0.4 0.3
World 581.6 759.5 177.9 30.6 267.0 -115.1 26.0 139.7 38.2
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-8: Change in total wealth of middle class 2000-2015, for regions and selected countries
middle class and beyond middle class beyond middle class

period 2000 2015 2000-15 2000-15 2000-7 2007-8 2008-15 2000-15 2000-15
change change change change change change change
wealth wealth
in wealth in wealth in wealth in wealth in wealth in wealth in wealth
USD bn USD bn USD bn % USD bn USD bn USD bn USD bn USD bn
United States 42,298 84,824 42,526 100.5 21,433 -12,494 33,587 7,098 35,428
China 2,145 15,412 13,267 618.4 8,284 -2,775 7,757 5,634 7,633
United Kingdom 6,947 15,255 8,308 119.6 7,651 -5,268 5,925 2,692 5,616
France 4,370 12,437 8,067 184.6 9,381 -1,234 -81 2,622 5,444
Germany 5,612 11,630 6,018 107.2 6,706 -530 -158 2,108 3,910
Australia 1,383 6,094 4,711 340.5 3,203 -960 2,467 1,735 2,975
Canada 2,368 6,702 4,334 183.0 3,347 -1,388 2,375 1,604 2,730
Korea 928 3,289 2,361 254.3 1,849 -891 1,404 1,026 1,335
Switzerland 1,243 3,405 2,162 173.9 948 -7 1220 410 1752
Spain 1,918 3,945 2,027 105.7 3,513 -1,069 -417 1,068 958
Taiwan 1,721 3,547 1,826 106.1 503 256 1,067 146 1,681
India 575 2,206 1,631 283.7 1,544 -538 625 468 1,163
Sweden 801 2,223 1,422 177.5 877 -375 921 284 1137
Russia 220 1,044 824 374.2 1,877 -387 -667 137 687
Mexico 724 1,492 768 106.1 959 -336 145 442 326
Singapore 317 1,080 763 240.7 334 3 426 214 549
Japan 18,444 19,138 694 3.8 -896 3,758 -2,168 -420 1,114
Turkey 356 775 419 117.7 989 -439 -131 103 316
Poland 165 567 401 242.8 356 -44 89 243 158
Colombia 100 484 384 383.8 208 -21 197 222 162
Philippines 72 364 293 407.7 94 -22 221 113 179
Greece 457 678 221 48.3 709 -216 -272 127 94
Thailand 64 255 191 300.5 82 -31 140 58 133
Egypt 179 251 72 40.1 168 -72 -24 -7 79
Argentina 432 178 -254 -58.7 4 -79 -179 -181 -73
Asia-Pacific 25,586 42,079 16,493 64.5 10,981 113 5,400 5,145 11,348
China 2,145 15,412 13,267 618.4 8,284 -2,775 7,757 5,634 7,633
Europe 32,256 72,554 40,299 124.9 45,891 -11,854 6,262 14,565 25,734
North America 44,683 91,559 46,877 104.9 24,788 -13,887 35,976 8,705 38,172
Latin America 2,413 5,495 3,082 127.7 2,916 -853 1,019 1,369 1,713
India 575 2,206 1,631 283.7 1,544 -538 625 468 1,163
Africa 686 1,627 941 137.1 1,281 -523 182 421 520
World 108,344 230,933 122,589 113.2 95,685 -30,316 57,221 36,307 86,282
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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Table 4-9: Percentage of wealth owned by middle class adults 2000-2015, by region
North
Year Asia-Pacific Europe Latin America World China Africa India
America
2000 50.4 47.2 36.9 37.9 36.6 37.1 26.8 23.8
2001 50.5 47.7 37.4 37.9 37.3 38.3 26.7 24.1
2002 50.8 48.4 38.4 39.5 41.2 37.5 27.0 25.0
2003 50.2 47.7 38.7 39.4 44.5 38.9 27.7 24.1
2004 49.9 47.1 39.2 38.8 43.4 38.5 27.0 23.2
2005 49.1 45.9 39.8 37.0 41.0 37.7 26.7 22.3
2006 48.0 44.6 41.1 36.7 43.3 38.1 26.7 21.6
2007 47.6 44.5 42.0 37.6 44.3 38.5 26.4 22.7
2008 48.8 46.1 41.6 39.3 37.1 36.0 24.9 25.4
2009 48.2 45.6 40.6 39.3 38.9 35.6 24.7 25.7
2010 46.3 44.3 39.4 38.0 38.2 34.7 24.5 25.3
2011 46.5 44.6 38.1 37.9 36.0 34.5 24.1 25.2
2012 45.2 43.7 37.5 36.6 34.7 33.9 23.6 24.3
2013 43.1 42.8 36.6 34.4 33.6 33.0 23.2 21.9
2014 42.9 42.0 36.2 34.1 33.0 32.6 23.0 21.9
2015 41.6 40.6 35.1 32.3 32.2 32.1 22.6 21.0
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

Table 4-10: Number of middle class adults (million) in China and USA 2000-2015
China narrow China broad USA narrow USA broad
2000 70.3 158.3 79.0 102.7
2001 75.0 166.1 78.9 103.1
2002 99.1 195.7 78.2 102.5
2003 126.8 234.2 81.8 106.4
2004 124.3 231.7 84.6 109.5
2005 111.7 215.4 84.2 112.3
2006 140.7 257.2 84.3 114.6
2007 167.5 294.6 86.4 114.8
2008 102.4 201.6 83.8 109.9
2009 129.8 245.5 84.7 111.1
2010 132.5 250.2 86.7 113.5
2011 115.8 223.3 88.1 115.1
2012 109.3 211.3 91.7 119.0
2013 107.8 207.4 91.4 124.5
2014 106.0 203.4 91.9 125.2
2015 108.8 206.9 91.9 127.6
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories.

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5. Composition of wealth portfolios

5.1 Financial versus non-financial assets

We look first at the relative importance of financial versus non-financial assets in the average
household portfolio. Expressed as a percentage of gross household assets, the pattern clearly
differs markedly between poorer and richer countries and regions, as can be seen in Table 5-1,
which shows the breakdown for the countries where we have the best data. In developing
countries, for example India and Indonesia, it is not unusual for 80% or more of total assets to
be held in the form of non-financial assets, including housing, farms and small business assets.
This pattern is also associated with the relative under-development of financial institutions in
many lower income countries.
As countries develop – and make the transition to a market economy – the importance of non-
financial assets tends to decline. An interesting example is provided by China, where the share
of financial assets touched 50% in 2010 and rose to 52% in 2015. Another example is
provided by Singapore, a country much further along the development path, but still
nevertheless seeing the share of financial assets in household portfolios continuing to rise –
from 44% in 2000 to 54% in 2015. In the richest countries, financial assets typically account
for more than half of household wealth. An important example is the United States, where 60%
to 70% of household assets have been held in financial form since 2000 (although the share is
somewhat inflated by the US practice of classifying all business equity as a financial asset).
There are interesting exceptions to this general pattern. Robust house price rises drove the
share of non-financial assets above 60% in France and Italy by 2008 where it has remained
since in France, and below which it has fallen only slightly in Italy, to 59%. The share of non-
financial assets also rose in the United Kingdom, from 44% in 2000 to 55% in 2007, although
it has since fallen back to 47%. In the developing world, South Africa is a strong outlier, having
an exceptionally high share of financial assets: the share of 71% in 2015 exceeds that found in
both the United States and Japan. This high share reflects, on the one hand, the advanced
development of South Africa’s financial institutions including its private pensions, and on the
other hand, relatively low house prices.

5.2 Financial assets: Equities, bonds or cash?

Table 5-2 provides more detail on the composition of financial assets for a greater number of
countries, showing the breakdown into three categories: currency and deposits (liquid assets);
equities (all shares and other equities held directly by households); and other financial assets. In
most countries the reserves of life insurance companies and pension funds form the largest
component of “other financial assets” – these reserves comprise equities and other financial
assets that are in effect being held on behalf of the household sector.
The composition of financial assets differs considerably across countries. One interesting aspect
is that equities held directly are not always a large component of household financial wealth,
even in countries with very active financial markets. In the United Kingdom and Japan, for
example, equities account for less than 15% of total financial assets. In contrast, they make up
44% of financial assets in both Sweden and the United States. To calculate the overall
percentage of the household portfolio held in equities, equities held indirectly via insurance
policies and pension plans would need to be added to the total of equities held directly.
However, this is not possible since available household balance sheet data do not show the
composition of assets held in insurance and pension reserves. If the purpose were to find out
the total exposure of the household sector to stock market risk, it is also not clear that this
exercise would provide the answer. Households have explicit or implicit guarantees on their

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rights to most insurance and pension benefits, so that the risk characteristics of the latter
generally differ from those of the assets held in the reserves.
Where equities account for more of the portfolio, there is less room for liquid assets or other
financial assets. The strongest negative association is between equities and other financial
assets, perhaps because other financial assets are larger where private pension systems are
more highly developed and may tend to crowd out privately held equities. A good example of
this phenomenon is found in Australia, where only 17% of the average portfolio is in equities vs.
an average of 26% for the countries in Table 5-2, but other financial assets have a share of
61%, well above the average figure of 37%. A similar pairing of below-average equities and
above-average other financial assets is seen, in most years, in ten countries in Table 5-2,
including France, Germany, Switzerland, Norway, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. The
opposite case, of above average equities and below average other financial assets is found in
11 countries, which include most of the transition economies as well as Belgium, Finland,
Portugal and Spain. The negative association between equities and liquid assets is weaker, but
shows up in countries like Japan where liquid assets are 53% of the portfolio versus 14% for
equities, and at the opposite end of the scale the United States, with only 15% in liquid form
versus 44% in equities.
There are also interesting differences across country types. The typical portfolio in the well-
established high-income market economies has less liquid assets than average, equities at
about the average level, and other financial assets somewhat above average. Emerging market
countries have less in both equities and other financial assets than the established high income
countries, and therefore a higher share in liquid assets than seen in the typical rich country. The
transition countries have more in liquid assets than either the high income countries or emerging
market economies, perhaps reflecting the fact that their financial systems have had less time to
develop.

5.3 The impact of the global financial crisis

While the financial crisis of 2007-2008 is receding into the past, it was a landmark event for
household wealth, bringing an abrupt decline in most personal fortunes and a change in
household behavior and wealth performance in most countries. In light of these aspects, it is
interesting to examine how the overall composition of personal wealth and, in particular, the
proportion of financial assets to total household assets has changed over the past decade. A
decline in the relative importance of financial assets was seen in a number of countries in 2008,
for example in Denmark, Italy, Switzerland and notably China. In other countries, the credit crisis
depressed both property prices and share values, so the share of financial assets was more
stable; little change was seen in 2008 in the share of financial assets in the United Kingdom
and the United States. Only in the Czech Republic and New Zealand did the relative size of
financial assets actually increase in 2008.
Longer term, the share of financial assets does not often appear to change dramatically. In
France, strong property price increases in the period since 2000 have reduced the share from
45% to 37%, and a somewhat similar effect is seen in Italy, where the share fell from 47% to
42%. Elsewhere, however, effects generally seem to be mostly short term. The United States
showed a relative decline in financial assets from 2000 to 2005, for example, but then with a
booming stock market the share rebounded. Its rise was only halted temporarily by the financial
crisis. Now the share is 69%, significantly above its 2000 level of 66%. Japan shows a rise in
the proportion of financial assets during 2000−2006, a decline during the financial crisis, and a
small subsequent increase; the share is now slightly above the level of 2005. Among developing
nations, the financial asset share in India has been relatively stable, but took an upward jump in
2010 in Indonesia and has since remained higher than formerly although gradually declining.
The importance of debt has also changed over the last decade. For many countries, including
the United Kingdom and the United States, there was a significant rise in the period leading up
to the financial crisis and a decline thereafter. However, this experience is not universal. In
Japan, for example, the debt ratio was steady from 2000 to 2008, and in Germany it fell over
that period. What is common to most OECD countries, however, is that the debt ratio fell after
the financial crisis. So where debt had not risen before the crisis, it nonetheless tended to fall

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afterwards – from 16% to 14% in Japan, for example, and from 15% to 13% in Germany.
Contrasting post-crisis results are seen in a few high income countries where the debt ratio held
steady, as in France, or even rose a little, as in Australia. Trends also differed in rapidly
developing countries like China, India and Indonesia, which saw their debt ratios rise throughout
the decade, seemingly unaffected by the global financial crisis.

5.4 Conclusion

The composition of household balance sheets is an important determinant of trends in

consumption and investment, and in many ways reflects the financial development of individual
countries. For instance, debt as a proportion of total household assets tends to be low in
developing and some transition countries because financial intermediation and property rights
are underdeveloped, while debt levels in OECD countries are relatively high, reflecting a more
developed financial system.
Our analysis of household balance sheets examines financial and non-financial assets and debt
from a global perspective. In general, non-financial assets like housing, land and small business
assets make up a relatively large proportion of household wealth in the developing world and in
transition countries. They have also come to the fore in countries like France and Italy over the
last decade where house prices have risen strongly. In contrast, financial assets form a large
proportion of the household balance sheets in countries like the United States, Japan and the
Netherlands.

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Table 5-1: Assets and debts as percentage of gross household wealth for selected countries by year
Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Australia Financial wealth 37.2 33.8 34.7 36.7 34.8 34.6 32.9 34.5 40.2 40.2 39.8 40.1
Australia Non-financial wealth 62.8 66.2 65.3 63.3 65.2 65.4 67.1 65.5 59.8 59.8 60.2 59.9
Australia Debts 15.6 18.2 18.2 18.3 19.5 21.2 20.3 20.8 20.4 19.7 21.2 21.0
Canada Financial wealth 62.1 58.0 57.8 56.9 53.4 55.4 55.8 54.5 53.7 54.2 54.8 55.4
Canada Non-financial wealth 37.9 42.0 42.2 43.1 46.6 44.6 44.2 45.5 46.3 45.8 45.2 44.6
Canada Debts 16.3 17.1 17.0 17.5 19.7 19.6 19.5 20.3 19.5 18.9 18.1 18.0
China Financial wealth 44.7 44.8 47.0 49.4 40.1 48.2 50.0 49.4 49.5 48.7 48.6 52.1
China Non-financial wealth 55.3 55.2 53.0 50.6 59.9 51.8 50.0 50.6 50.5 51.3 51.4 47.9
China Debts 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.7 3.5 4.1 5.4 6.1 6.8 7.3 7.9
Czech Republic Financial wealth 41.1 43.9 43.6 43.5 43.6 45.7 42.3 44.2 45.9 44.7 45.7 46.3
Czech Republic Non-financial wealth 58.9 56.1 56.4 56.5 56.4 54.3 57.7 55.8 54.1 55.3 54.3 53.7
Czech Republic Debts 11.2 19.1 12.3 14.8 16.7 17.6 16.1 15.6 15.6 15.1 14.9 14.9
Denmark Financial wealth 49.8 55.4 57.0 56.0 51.9 53.7 55.6 57.0 58.3 59.2 58.8 60.2
Denmark Non-financial wealth 50.2 44.6 43.0 44.0 48.1 46.3 44.4 43.0 41.7 40.8 41.2 39.8
Denmark Debts 28.1 30.1 31.2 32.6 36.1 35.8 34.0 34.1 32.3 29.2 29.2 27.7
France Financial wealth 45.0 34.8 34.6 34.6 33.7 36.3 34.6 34.3 35.3 36.1 36.8 37.3
France Non-financial wealth 55.0 65.2 65.4 65.4 66.3 63.7 65.4 65.7 64.7 63.9 63.2 62.7
France Debts 12.2 10.9 10.9 11.1 11.8 12.5 10.9 11.2 11.7 12.0 11.1 11.1
Germany Financial wealth 45.4 45.8 45.4 45.0 43.3 45.1 45.8 43.4 43.5 43.6 42.3 43.2
Germany Non-financial wealth 54.6 54.2 54.6 55.0 56.7 54.9 54.2 56.6 56.5 56.4 57.7 56.8
Germany Debts 19.5 17.1 16.2 15.2 15.0 14.8 14.3 14.3 13.8 13.4 13.4 13.2
Hungary Financial wealth 35.3 42.6 43.8 44.8 44.2 44.5 45.4 43.8 44.4 45.7 49.0 50.5
Hungary Non-financial wealth 64.7 57.4 56.2 55.2 55.8 55.5 54.6 56.2 55.6 54.3 51.0 49.5
Hungary Debts 4.1 12.6 13.6 14.9 17.8 17.3 17.9 17.9 15.1 13.8 12.5 11.2
India Financial wealth 12.4 12.6 13.7 13.7 12.2 15.7 16.6 15.1 14.7 14.0 14.3 13.9
India Non-financial wealth 87.6 87.4 86.3 86.3 87.8 84.3 83.4 84.9 85.3 86.0 85.7 86.1
India Debts 2.8 3.8 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.8 5.3 5.6 6.2 6.6 7.4
Indonesia Financial wealth 7.7 8.5 7.3 9.2 7.0 11.2 16.8 16.4 15.8 14.6 14.5 13.9
Indonesia Non-financial wealth 92.3 91.5 92.7 90.8 93.0 88.8 83.2 83.6 84.2 85.4 85.5 86.1
Indonesia Debts 1.9 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.2 3.9 4.3 4.9 5.2 6.2
Italy Financial wealth 47.3 42.2 41.3 40.1 37.5 37.9 38.2 37.4 37.6 40.3 40.8 41.5
Italy Non-financial wealth 52.7 57.8 58.7 59.9 62.5 62.1 61.8 62.6 62.4 59.7 59.2 58.5
Italy Debts 6.6 8.3 8.4 8.7 9.2 8.4 8.6 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.3 9.3
Japan Financial wealth 53.3 60.6 60.6 59.1 58.4 60.5 57.9 59.0 60.0 61.5 60.6 61.1
Japan Non-financial wealth 46.7 39.4 39.4 40.9 41.6 39.5 42.1 41.0 40.0 38.5 39.4 38.9
Japan Debts 15.6 15.4 15.2 15.3 15.7 15.2 14.0 14.1 13.7 13.4 13.1 13.6
Netherlands Financial wealth 72.6 68.9 68.7 68.7 64.5 67.3 68.8 69.5 71.6 70.3 71.0 72.0
Netherlands Non-financial wealth 27.4 31.1 31.3 31.3 35.5 32.7 31.2 30.5 28.4 29.7 29.0 28.0
Netherlands Debts 20.8 27.3 28.0 28.4 32.0 30.9 30.6 30.8 30.1 30.8 29.4 28.4
New Zealand Financial wealth 51.6 43.3 44.7 42.9 44.4 44.0 45.2 46.4 45.9 45.0 44.9 43.3
New Zealand Non-financial wealth 48.4 56.7 55.3 57.1 55.6 56.0 54.8 53.6 54.1 55.0 55.1 56.7
New Zealand Debts 13.7 13.6 13.6 14.4 15.8 15.4 15.5 15.0 14.7 14.4 14.4 14.1
Singapore Financial wealth 43.7 52.6 53.4 51.1 48.8 52.5 48.7 49.7 50.5 51.7 52.8 54.1
Singapore Non-financial wealth 56.3 47.4 46.6 48.9 51.2 47.5 51.3 50.3 49.5 48.3 47.2 45.9
Singapore Debts 19.8 18.8 17.1 15.3 15.8 14.9 14.9 15.7 16.0 16.3 16.5 16.9
South Africa Financial wealth 73.8 69.1 72.7 72.2 69.5 70.6 70.1 70.3 72.3 73.5 73.0 70.9
South Africa Non-financial wealth 26.2 30.9 27.3 27.8 30.5 29.4 29.9 29.7 27.7 26.5 27.0 29.1
South Africa Debts 16.9 16.6 16.1 17.4 19.8 18.5 19.1 19.6 19.3 17.9 18.4 18.7
Switzerland Financial wealth 62.2 61.8 62.1 60.7 56.6 58.0 58.1 56.2 55.8 56.0 56.0 55.4
Switzerland Non-financial wealth 37.8 38.2 37.9 39.3 43.4 42.0 41.9 43.8 44.2 44.0 44.0 44.6
Switzerland Debts 18.6 20.4 19.9 19.4 20.7 20.1 20.2 20.0 19.7 19.4 19.7 20.4
United Kingdom Financial wealth 56.2 47.2 46.7 45.3 45.2 47.3 47.3 49.9 49.6 50.0 51.7 52.6
United Kingdom Non-financial wealth 43.8 52.8 53.3 54.7 54.8 52.7 52.7 50.1 50.4 50.0 48.3 47.4
United Kingdom Debts 13.2 16.4 16.9 16.9 19.0 17.3 16.7 18.0 16.9 15.9 15.6 14.8
United States Financial wealth 66.4 60.3 61.9 64.2 62.7 65.9 67.1 68.3 68.8 70.7 70.3 68.8
United States Non-financial wealth 33.6 39.7 38.1 35.8 37.3 34.1 32.9 31.7 31.2 29.3 29.7 31.2
United States Debts 14.7 17.0 17.3 18.2 21.5 20.8 19.6 18.3 16.6 14.6 14.6 14.3
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods and categories

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Table 5-2: Percentage composition of gross financial wealth by country and year
Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Australia Liquid assets 19.2 20.7 19.6 17.9 21.3 25.7 26.0 26.4 22.9 22.1 22.4
Australia Equities 19.9 18.0 17.8 17.9 14.9 12.5 11.4 8.1 16.2 17.3 16.5
Australia Other financial assets 60.9 61.3 62.6 64.2 63.8 61.8 62.6 65.5 60.9 60.6 61.1
Austria Liquid assets 51.2 47.9 46.8 47.5 51.1 50.0 48.3 46.2 45.1 44.7 41.3
Austria Equities 23.6 23.0 23.4 22.0 16.9 18.0 10.7 15.1 24.4 25.7 27.5
Austria Other financial assets 25.1 29.1 29.8 30.5 32.0 31.9 41.0 38.8 30.5 29.6 31.2
Belgium Liquid assets 21.4 29.1 28.5 29.4 32.8 31.1 31.7 32.8 31.9 31.6 29.8
Belgium Equities 43.9 37.9 40.6 39.4 31.1 34.5 33.9 19.8 32.2 34.3 38.5
Belgium Other financial assets 34.7 33.0 30.9 31.2 36.1 34.3 34.4 47.5 35.9 34.0 31.7
Brazil Liquid assets 16.2 16.9 17.6 19.9 19.9
Brazil Equities 33.2 37.0 38.8 31.2 33.6
Brazil Other financial assets 50.5 46.1 43.7 48.9 46.5
Bulgaria Liquid assets 55.3 57.8 48.0 32.0 39.1 35.8 41.8 40.7 42.5
Bulgaria Equities 37.0 30.7 41.2 59.3 43.5 47.2 37.8 40.8 38.3
Bulgaria Other financial assets 7.8 11.5 10.9 8.8 17.4 17.0 20.3 18.5 19.1
Canada Liquid assets 19.4 19.5 19.0 19.4 23.6 22.8 22.8 24.1 24.9 24.2 23.3
Canada Equities 34.2 35.6 36.5 37.6 33.0 34.5 35.5 33.7 36.3 37.7 38.4
Canada Other financial assets 46.4 44.9 44.5 43.0 43.4 42.7 41.7 42.2 38.7 38.2 38.3
Chile Liquid assets 12.6 12.6 12.2 14.6 12.3 11.4 13.3 14.2 14.5 13.5
Chile Equities 31.1 28.9 28.2 29.4 27.2 26.4 26.0 25.5 24.6 23.9
Chile Other financial assets 56.3 58.4 59.6 56.0 60.4 62.2 60.7 60.3 60.9 62.6
Colombia Liquid assets 30.7 40.0 36.4 37.2 39.9 20.1 24.3 23.2 24.2 24.0
Colombia Equities 4.1 5.1 5.7 7.9 5.7 8.4 3.2 8.8 6.5 6.7
Colombia Other financial assets 65.2 54.9 57.9 54.9 54.4 71.5 72.5 68.0 69.3 69.3
Croatia Liquid assets 57.6 56.2 49.9 54.2 58.4 54.5 58.4 58.7 57.4 57.1
Croatia Equities 25.4 26.6 33.4 28.2 23.3 25.9 19.7 17.6 17.6 17.6
Croatia Other financial assets 17.0 17.2 16.6 17.6 18.3 19.6 21.9 23.7 24.9 25.3
Cyprus Liquid assets 48.9 59.5 53.6 53.5 66.1 64.4 64.7 66.6 60.6 58.1 63.9
Cyprus Equities 34.4 24.7 31.4 33.1 18.8 20.9 19.4 16.3 14.3 14.3 14.3
Cyprus Other financial assets 16.7 15.8 15.0 13.4 15.1 14.6 15.9 17.1 25.1 27.6 21.8
Czech Republic Liquid assets 60.0 55.3 56.9 58.5 60.9 60.7 60.4 56.6 54.5 54.4 53.3
Czech Republic Equities 23.4 21.6 25.7 23.0 20.3 21.7 21.6 24.7 24.5 23.5 24.1
Czech Republic Other financial assets 16.7 23.1 17.3 18.5 18.8 17.6 18.1 18.7 20.9 22.1 22.6
Denmark Liquid assets 20.9 20.1 19.6 20.4 22.7 21.4 20.1 19.5 18.8 17.6 17.6
Denmark Equities 22.6 28.1 31.4 30.7 20.4 23.1 25.7 24.2 25.4 31.2 27.8
Denmark Other financial assets 56.5 51.8 49.0 48.9 56.9 55.4 54.2 56.3 55.8 51.2 54.6
Estonia Liquid assets 33.8 20.0 19.0 17.2 20.6 21.2 21.4 33.9 31.6 28.4 28.6
Estonia Equities 55.0 69.5 70.3 71.5 68.8 66.6 68.9 51.4 53.2 57.1 55.8
Estonia Other financial assets 11.2 10.5 10.7 11.3 10.5 12.3 9.7 14.8 15.2 14.5 15.6
Finland Liquid assets 33.1 32.1 30.2 32.4 39.4 37.5 36.7 39.3 38.8 34.4 33.3
Finland Equities 44.0 42.5 44.1 42.8 34.8 37.2 39.5 35.7 41.2 47.4 36.6
Finland Other financial assets 22.8 25.5 25.6 24.8 25.9 25.3 23.8 25.0 20.0 18.2 30.1
France Liquid assets 33.4 31.2 29.0 28.3 31.3 29.1 28.6 30.4 30.1 29.5 27.3
France Equities 29.6 26.6 28.4 28.3 22.6 23.9 24.6 16.1 23.7 24.4 27.3
France Other financial assets 37.1 42.2 42.6 43.5 46.1 47.0 46.8 53.5 46.1 46.1 45.4
Germany Liquid assets 35.1 35.5 34.9 35.5 39.2 38.3 37.9 40.9 40.8 40.4 39.1
Germany Equities 28.3 24.8 24.5 24.2 19.2 19.7 20.1 17.0 17.7 18.4 19.8
Germany Other financial assets 36.6 39.7 40.6 40.2 41.6 42.0 42.0 42.1 41.5 41.2 41.0
Greece Liquid assets 43.4 49.3 48.7 51.1 71.6 72.1 76.4 80.3 73.5 64.1 60.8
Greece Equities 42.6 32.5 33.2 33.1 9.8 10.6 9.1 5.1 8.1 22.0 29.2
Greece Other financial assets 14.0 18.2 18.1 15.8 18.6 17.3 14.5 14.5 18.5 13.9 10.0

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Table 5-2: Percentage composition of gross financial wealth by country and year, continued
Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Hungary Liquid assets 42.2 37.5 35.5 34.4 37.3 37.1 34.8 39.2 37.8 34.2 28.5
Hungary Equities 33.7 34.6 35.6 37.5 36.1 33.6 34.7 38.7 39.1 41.3 39.3
Hungary Other financial assets 24.1 27.8 28.9 28.1 26.7 29.3 30.5 22.1 23.1 24.4 32.2
Iceland Liquid assets 17.2 16.5 18.3 25.8 24.6 20.9 18.7 16.8 15.2
Iceland Equities 9.4 10.4 12.3 3.7 2.3 2.8 3.6 3.9 3.9 3.9
Iceland Other financial assets 73.4 73.1 69.5 70.5 73.2 76.3 77.7 79.3 80.9
Ireland Liquid assets 36.4 35.6 37.9 42.8 41.3 42.3 40.8 39.2 37.6 36.1
Ireland Equities 22.0 21.4 20.8 18.2 18.2 15.6 16.2 14.5 13.8 13.1
Ireland Other financial assets 41.6 43.0 41.3 39.0 40.5 42.1 43.0 46.2 48.6 50.8
Israel Liquid assets 20.4 21.0 18.2 21.8 16.3 19.9 22.1 22.3 21.0
Israel Equities 38.4 36.3 40.8 30.4 43.6 25.5 21.2 18.0 18.0
Israel Other financial assets 41.2 42.7 41.0 47.8 40.1 54.7 56.8 59.6 61.0
Italy Liquid assets 22.9 24.8 25.7 26.5 30.8 30.3 29.4 31.3 32.7 17.6 29.9
Italy Equities 45.8 37.2 36.4 34.4 25.9 23.8 28.2 26.6 25.8 23.5 32.5
Italy Other financial assets 31.3 38.0 38.0 39.1 43.3 45.9 42.3 42.1 41.5 58.9 37.6
Japan Liquid assets 53.6 50.2 49.5 53.0 56.0 54.9 55.2 55.9 55.3 53.1 53.1
Japan Equities 10.9 18.1 18.5 13.0 9.2 11.3 6.3 5.7 6.8 9.5 14.1
Japan Other financial assets 35.5 31.6 32.0 34.0 34.8 33.8 38.6 38.4 37.9 37.4 32.8
Kazakhstan Liquid assets 46.0
Kazakhstan Equities 6.9
Kazakhstan Other financial assets 47.1
Korea, Rep. Liquid assets 47.6 46.9 42.6 46.9 45.5 45.0 46.4 45.4 43.3 42.8
Korea, Rep. Equities 20.5 19.0 21.3 16.3 18.5 20.1 18.2 17.2 19.7 19.7
Korea, Rep. Other financial assets 31.9 34.1 36.0 36.9 36.0 34.9 35.4 37.4 37.0 37.5
Latvia Liquid assets 45.1 43.7 44.5 49.6 47.0 41.9 27.7 19.5 32.4 29.6 35.7
Latvia Equities 43.8 34.1 33.5 33.8 27.0 28.6 23.9 40.9 35.8 16.2 23.1
Latvia Other financial assets 11.2 22.2 22.1 16.6 26.0 29.4 48.4 39.6 31.8 54.1 41.1
Lithuania Liquid assets 32.8 41.9 45.2 46.4 37.8 39.5 41.1 37.1 39.1 38.6 36.1
Lithuania Equities 39.9 41.4 38.1 35.0 45.4 40.8 37.7 39.4 38.1 39.3 12.4
Lithuania Other financial assets 27.2 16.7 16.7 18.6 16.9 19.8 21.2 23.4 22.7 22.1 51.5
Luxembourg Liquid assets 49.6 51.0 55.0 55.4 49.4 50.1 53.2 52.7 52.7 51.8
Luxembourg Equities 32.2 25.3 23.0 16.6 19.0 23.8 22.0 21.1 23.9 26.1
Luxembourg Other financial assets 18.2 23.7 22.0 28.0 31.6 26.1 24.8 26.2 23.4 22.2
Malta Liquid assets 53.1 52.8 54.5 54.9 51.7 51.6 51.7 52.5 49.7 47.9
Malta Equities 23.8 23.5 21.1 20.0 22.2 20.7 18.9 16.8 16.8 16.8
Malta Other financial assets 23.1 23.7 24.4 25.1 26.2 27.6 29.4 30.7 33.5 35.3
Mexico Liquid assets 20.8 16.2 14.5 14.3 16.9 14.5
Mexico Equities 34.5 39.7 47.6 50.2 40.6 44.5
Mexico Other financial assets 44.7 44.1 38.0 35.5 42.6 41.0
Netherlands Liquid assets 17.3 20.7 20.6 21.2 25.4 24.0 23.1 23.4 22.4 21.8 21.3
Netherlands Equities 25.7 15.2 15.1 14.7 11.8 12.5 12.9 11.0 10.7 10.7 10.7
Netherlands Other financial assets 57.0 64.1 64.3 64.2 62.8 63.5 64.0 65.6 66.9 67.5 68.0
New Zealand Liquid assets 10.2 8.8 8.7 9.0 10.0 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.9
New Zealand Equities 31.4 29.1 30.9 29.0 29.3 29.3 30.1 31.1 30.3 29.4 29.2
New Zealand Other financial assets 58.4 62.1 60.4 62.0 60.7 61.2 60.3 59.2 59.9 60.7 60.9
Norway Liquid assets 33.0 30.1 29.6 30.4 33.2 31.9 31.5 33.5 32.5 31.1 28.7
Norway Equities 17.6 16.4 17.0 16.4 12.1 13.1 13.1 13.9 14.1 12.3 21.3
Norway Other financial assets 49.4 53.5 53.5 53.2 54.6 55.0 55.3 52.7 53.4 56.6 50.0
Poland Liquid assets 59.6 44.0 40.3 38.6 47.1 47.0 46.9 46.0 45.1 44.6 44.0
Poland Equities 22.3 24.3 27.7 30.2 21.0 22.8 20.5 25.4 24.5 26.7 27.1
Poland Other financial assets 18.1 31.7 32.0 31.2 31.9 30.2 32.6 28.7 30.3 28.7 28.9

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Table 5-2: Percentage composition of gross financial wealth by country and year, continued
Year
2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Portugal Liquid assets 36.5 34.8 34.2 34.7 38.3 37.4 37.6 38.8 39.5 39.2 42.3

Portugal Equities 32.3 33.8 34.3 33.7 27.8 28.3 27.6 27.1 26.5 26.9 25.5

Portugal Other financial assets 31.2 31.4 31.5 31.6 33.9 34.3 34.7 34.0 34.0 33.9 32.2

Romania Liquid assets 35.7 26.9 28.8 25.0 38.1 30.0 20.3 35.0 33.4 27.7 33.6

Romania Equities 42.6 65.5 64.2 67.8 49.6 57.9 74.5 51.8 51.7 51.7 51.7

Romania Other financial assets 21.8 7.6 7.1 7.1 12.3 12.0 5.2 13.2 14.9 20.6 14.7

Singapore Liquid assets 37.3 32.5 33.8 33.7 38.4 34.0 35.6 36.4 35.9 36.4

Singapore Equities 24.6 28.0 26.5 25.1 17.6 20.6 22.2 19.7 20.2 19.5

Singapore Other financial assets 38.1 39.6 39.7 41.2 44.0 45.4 42.2 43.9 43.9 44.2

Slovakia Liquid assets 83.4 66.7 58.5 58.0 58.2 62.7 60.7 64.8 64.0 63.4

Slovakia Equities 1.6 10.8 11.5 12.1 12.3 6.4 5.5 5.9 6.0 6.7

Slovakia Other financial assets 15.0 22.5 30.0 29.9 29.5 30.9 33.8 29.4 30.0 29.8

Slovenia Liquid assets 50.4 48.3 45.7 52.8 52.3 53.4 56.8 52.1 52.4 52.7

Slovenia Equities 31.1 33.3 37.0 28.5 28.8 27.6 25.2 27.5 27.5 27.5

Slovenia Other financial assets 18.6 18.4 17.2 18.7 18.9 19.1 18.0 20.5 20.1 19.8

Spain Liquid assets 39.8 36.9 36.1 38.3 47.7 47.4 48.5 49.9 48.2 46.9 43.2

Spain Equities 40.4 43.5 44.5 42.2 31.2 31.6 29.4 26.9 30.1 33.3 36.9

Spain Other financial assets 19.9 19.7 19.4 19.6 21.1 21.0 22.1 23.2 21.6 19.8 19.9

Sweden Liquid assets 14.8 15.1 15.6 18.2 21.7 19.6 18.2 19.9 18.9 15.9 14.3

Sweden Equities 40.9 38.8 40.3 38.7 33.4 36.7 36.6 35.1 26.9 36.3 43.5

Sweden Other financial assets 44.3 46.2 44.1 43.1 44.9 43.7 45.2 45.0 54.3 47.8 42.3

Switzerland Liquid assets 21.7 25.0 24.3 23.8 28.0 27.8 29.9 31.8 31.9 31.9

Switzerland Equities 27.2 24.0 25.1 24.9 19.2 20.9 20.3 20.4 19.4 20.8

Switzerland Other financial assets 51.0 51.0 50.5 51.3 52.8 51.4 49.8 47.7 48.7 47.3

Taiwan Liquid assets 47.6 44.9 44.2 42.2 46.4 41.4 40.5 42.3 42.3 40.0

Taiwan Equities 25.0 29.7 30.8 31.7 18.6 24.4 24.6 21.8 21.3 22.9

Taiwan Other financial assets 27.4 25.4 25.1 26.1 35.0 34.2 34.9 35.8 36.4 37.1

Turkey Liquid assets 79.3 77.4 82.4 83.7 81.0 81.7

Turkey Equities 2.9 5.8 10.1 8.6 10.0 8.9

Turkey Other financial assets 17.8 16.8 7.5 7.7 9.1 9.4

United Kingdom Liquid assets 20.4 25.9 25.9 27.1 31.9 28.6 27.8 29.2 28.8 27.8 25.3

United Kingdom Equities 22.8 16.3 15.9 14.7 11.1 13.2 14.2 14.1 13.5 11.8 12.4

United Kingdom Other financial assets 56.7 57.8 58.2 58.2 57.0 58.2 58.0 56.7 57.7 60.4 62.4

United States Liquid assets 10.5 12.2 12.0 12.2 15.4 14.5 14.2 15.0 14.4 14.4 14.5

United States Equities 50.1 48.6 49.4 48.1 43.6 43.7 43.5 42.2 42.6 43.6 43.6

United States Other financial assets 39.4 39.1 38.6 39.8 41.1 41.8 42.3 42.8 42.9 42.1 41.9
Note: Other financial assets include insurance, pension reserves and other accounts receivable. Source: See Tables 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3

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6. Region and country focus

6.1 Introduction

Countries differ greatly in terms of their level and pattern of wealth holdings. There are also
distinct differences at the regional level. It is therefore interesting to compare regional variations
and trends during the past decade, and to document the variety of country circumstances and
experiences.
While data quality is generally good in the rich countries that hold most of the world’s wealth, it
is usually questionable elsewhere. The countries discussed in this section are all interesting in
their own right. But another reason for their selection is that they all have data on the mean level
of household wealth and a reasonable way to estimate the distribution of wealth across the
population.
The accompanying tables collate information on wealth holdings for each of the regions and
countries. Some of the core data is summarized in Table 6-1. Table 6-2 reports wealth per adult
measured in current US dollars and converted using the average USD exchange rate over the
15-year period, while Table 6-3 provides similar information for aggregate household wealth
measured in trillion US dollars. Table 6-4 shows the composition of wealth for the most recent
year for which figures are available. For each region and country, the wealth share of each
decile and the top percentiles is recorded in Table 6-5, along with the minimum wealth needed
to belong to a given regional wealth quantile. Finally, Table 6-6 shows the distribution of the
adult population by wealth range.

6.2 Mean wealth 2000–2015

Three charts are provided for each of the regions. Figure 1 plots two series for mean wealth
over 2000–2015, one measured in current US dollars and the second calculated using the
average USD exchange rate. The global level of wealth per adult – which amounted to
USD 52,400 in 2015 – masks considerable regional variation. The average for North America
in 2015 was USD 342,300 compared to USD 128,500 in Europe, USD 40,500 in the Asia-
Pacific region (excluding China and India), USD 18,500 in Latin America, USD 22,500 in
China, USD 4,500 in Africa and USD 4,400 in India.
All regions have recorded an increase in wealth per adult since the start of the century. If wealth
is measured in local currencies, growth has been sustained and generally continuous apart from
the financial crisis period when all regions except Latin America suffered a setback. If wealth is
valued in current USD, the picture is somewhat different. Between 2000 and 2007, dollar
depreciation raises the regional growth rates; but dollar appreciation in more recent years has
had the opposite effect. As a consequence, wealth per adult in 2015 is at or below its 2007
level in every region except North America and China.
This in turn has implications for global wealth inequality. Although wealth levels in Europe and
Northern America have always been far above those in other regions, particularly Africa and
India, the regional imbalance appeared to be eroding during the early years of the century.
Africa, India, Latin America, and most notably China, all increased their share of world wealth
between 2000 and 2007, hinting at the possibility that global wealth inequality was on a long-
term downward trend. The subsequent reversal of growth rates accompanied by evidence of
growing wealth inequality both within and between countries suggests that falling wealth
inequality may be a more distant prospect.

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6.3 Components of personal wealth

Figure 2 displays the breakdown of wealth for each region per adult into financial and real (non-
financial) forms, as well as the average level of debt. On average internationally, financial assets
now comprise 55% of gross assets, while non-financial assets account for 45% and debts
amount to 14%. Financial assets are relatively more important in Japan where they represent
61% of gross assets and the United States, where they account for 69%. In developing
regions, non-financial assets typically account for the bulk of household wealth: they form 65%
of gross assets in Latin America and 86% of assets in India, for example. The proportion of real
assets is also high in Indonesia, and in several rich countries including France and Norway.
A systematic link with the stage of development is also evident in the level of household debts
expressed as a percentage of gross assets. The share is 7% in India, 8% in China and 10% in
Africa, but averages 15% in the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and North America.

6.4 Wealth distribution

Figure 3 shows wealth distribution for each region. Some interesting contrasts between regions
are evident. More than 93% of adults in Africa own less than USD 10,000, and 95% of adults
in India fall in this range. Meanwhile the fraction is 62% in China, 45% in Europe and 27% in
North America. On the other hand, 25% of adults in Europe and 40% in North America have
wealth above USD 100,000. The wealth distribution in both Latin America and the Asia-Pacific
region closely resembles the pattern in the world as a whole, and both regions show more than
70% of all adults owning less than USD 10,000.
Among developed countries, there is substantial variation in the percentage of adults recorded in
the lowest wealth ranges. Some countries report significant numbers of people in this category,
while others show very few. This reflects such factors as availability of credit including student
loans, as well as how many young adults live separately from their parents, making their low
wealth more apparent in the survey returns.

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Africa Asia-Pacific
Figure 1 Figure 1
Wealth per adult over time Wealth per adult over time

Figure 2 Figure 2
Composition of wealth per adult Composition of wealth per adult

Figure 3 Figure 3
Wealth distribution relative to world (in %) Wealth distribution relative to world (in %)

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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China Europe
Figure 1 Figure 1
Wealth per adult over time Wealth per adult over time

Figure 2 Figure 2
Composition of wealth per adult Composition of wealth per adult

Figure 3 Figure 3
Wealth distribution relative to world (in %) Wealth distribution relative to world (in %)

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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India Latin America

Figure 1 Figure 1
Wealth per adult over time Wealth per adult over time

Figure 2 Figure 2
Composition of wealth per adult Composition of wealth per adult

Figure 3 Figure 3
Wealth distribution relative to world (in %) Wealth distribution relative to world (in %)

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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North America
Figure 1
Wealth per adult over time

Figure 2
Composition of wealth per adult

Figure 3
Wealth distribution relative to world (in %)

Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods

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Table 6-1: Summary details for regions and selected countries, 2015
Total Mean wealth Median wealth GDP per Number of Members of global wealth
Population Adults
Country wealth per adult per adult adult millionaires Top 10% Top 1% Data quality
thousand thousand USD bn USD USD USD thousand thousand thousand
Australia 22,498 16,919 6,174 364,896 168,291 97,420 961 12,850 1,480 Good
Austria 8,460 6,809 1,335 196,092 66,617 65,474 194 3,344 285 Satisfactory
Belgium 10,861 8,440 2,189 259,406 150,348 61,215 278 5,596 447 Satisfactory
Brazil 202,177 138,439 2,436 17,597 3,311 20,187 168 4,154 233 Fair
Canada 35,332 27,677 6,872 248,276 74,750 69,507 984 14,330 1,500 Good
Chile 17,849 12,754 535 41,982 13,503 24,715 44 1,062 61 Fair
China 1,368,920 1,013,536 22,817 22,513 7,357 9,925 1,333 39,050 1,885 Fair
Colombia 49,084 31,382 643 20,477 5,765 13,788 37 1,462 54 Satisfactory
Czech Republic 10,503 8,459 353 41,710 14,256 26,371 28 774 40 Good
Denmark 5,519 4,218 1,061 251,634 51,854 78,298 194 2,109 294 Good
Finland 5,424 4,225 633 149,917 62,729 66,625 71 2,002 106 Good
France 63,785 48,450 12,697 262,070 86,156 60,234 1,791 26,437 2,762 Good
Germany 81,426 67,079 11,939 177,984 43,898 55,294 1,525 30,205 2,281 Good
Greece 11,256 9,131 743 81,342 38,552 30,826 58 2,536 85 Satisfactory
India 1,286,444 792,023 3,447 4,352 868 2,907 185 3,988 254 Fair
Indonesia 243,095 161,671 1,460 9,031 1,615 7,700 98 2,310 136 Fair
Ireland 4,858 3,547 690 194,650 64,444 70,018 83 1,773 125 Satisfactory
Israel 7,772 5,071 791 155,982 41,926 51,812 88 1,988 124 Good
Italy 60,588 49,244 10,025 203,577 88,603 42,763 1,126 27,935 1,714 Good
Japan 125,947 104,279 19,837 190,230 96,071 60,261 2,126 58,734 3,417 Good
Korea 49,101 38,912 3,545 91,108 31,259 35,101 313 10,651 449 Satisfactory
Mexico 115,067 75,422 1,957 25,949 7,978 17,821 122 4,196 176 Satisfactory
Netherlands 16,891 13,016 2,379 182,782 74,659 65,332 282 6,778 433 Good
New Zealand 4,473 3,292 1,320 400,811 182,618 58,113 282 2,181 453 Good
Norway 5,019 3,788 1,217 321,352 119,634 134,113 205 2,462 311 Satisfactory
Poland 37,814 30,326 739 24,370 9,112 19,710 43 1,546 62 Satisfactory
Portugal 10,786 8,640 638 73,843 27,297 27,329 51 2,029 76 Satisfactory
Russia 138,221 109,516 1,284 11,726 1,388 23,027 92 1,354 122 Fair
Singapore 5,043 4,051 1,091 269,408 98,922 66,599 142 2,461 205 Good
South Africa 51,588 31,357 671 21,402 3,379 14,679 50 1,550 71 Fair
Spain 47,032 37,573 4,195 111,643 52,223 39,586 360 14,768 530 Good
Sweden 9,477 7,369 2,294 311,353 57,433 83,249 520 3,357 731 Satisfactory
Switzerland 7,722 6,156 3,491 567,122 107,583 100,281 667 3,683 831 Good
Taiwan 23,042 18,449 3,592 194,701 66,423 30,471 414 9,224 599 Satisfactory
Thailand 69,770 50,314 369 7,330 1,264 9,614 25 472 34 Fair
United Kingdom 63,368 48,696 15,601 320,368 126,472 56,333 2,364 31,612 3,623 Good
United States 330,890 243,349 85,901 352,996 49,787 73,152 15,656 113,300 20,680 Good
Africa 1,140,223 572,266 2,596 4,536 639 126 4,073 180
Asia-Pacific 1,750,261 1,134,624 45,958 40,505 2,711 4,931 114,274 7,543
China 1,368,920 1,013,536 22,817 22,513 7,357 1,333 39,050 1,885
Europe 736,663 584,088 75,059 128,506 16,142 10,011 174,007 14,974
India 1,286,444 792,023 3,447 4,352 868 185 3,988 254
Latin America 615,527 403,142 7,461 18,508 4,034 485 14,007 683
North America 366,352 271,123 92,806 342,302 59,737 16,646 127,683 22,189
World 7,264,391 4,770,803 250,145 52,432 3,210 33,717 477,082 47,709
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 6.2: Wealth per adult (in USD) at current and constant exchange rates, for regions and selected countries, 2000–2015
Year
Country/region Exchange rate 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Australia current 103,151 204,778 243,776 303,337 237,192 289,592 336,808 384,365 416,036 403,614 422,373 364,896
Australia constant 148,595 222,743 245,861 274,596 273,234 257,681 289,028 302,038 319,103 360,765 357,136 378,887
Austria current 91,321 148,511 170,687 198,939 175,800 189,261 183,713 193,374 208,829 225,813 235,390 196,092
Austria constant 122,906 157,653 162,305 169,238 158,195 164,525 172,788 187,162 198,213 206,438 215,305 220,400
Belgium current 147,824 211,622 244,611 281,250 240,038 268,327 256,556 252,690 272,965 295,786 306,821 259,406
Belgium constant 198,950 224,649 232,598 239,261 216,000 233,257 241,299 244,572 259,088 270,407 280,648 291,562
Brazil current 8,028 10,422 13,101 17,106 14,543 22,434 24,630 27,100 24,035 21,243 23,415 17,597
Brazil constant 7,008 10,891 12,505 13,526 15,174 17,438 19,028 22,498 21,929 22,390 23,050 24,414
Canada current 108,464 174,910 190,392 234,888 176,375 218,454 237,795 234,652 264,559 267,053 278,498 248,276
Canada constant 139,279 174,343 189,905 198,661 184,877 195,700 205,903 205,069 225,363 242,300 253,912 265,312
Chile current 17,290 28,657 33,189 40,603 30,342 40,423 42,629 42,597 49,566 47,313 46,385 41,982
Chile constant 17,690 26,327 31,690 35,968 34,104 36,574 39,679 39,686 42,383 44,417 45,884 47,968
China current 5,672 9,770 12,582 16,643 13,690 16,795 18,200 19,703 20,037 21,695 21,250 22,513
China constant 6,625 11,126 13,865 17,156 13,204 16,182 17,531 17,519 17,785 18,522 18,607 19,700
Colombia current 6,610 10,470 11,976 16,033 14,794 17,327 18,295 19,721 23,105 22,057 27,275 20,477
Colombia constant 6,625 10,961 12,215 14,606 14,903 16,234 16,516 17,559 18,760 19,531 23,498 24,397
Czech Republic current 11,775 21,654 29,588 35,396 34,348 38,062 41,731 42,913 46,652 47,311 48,731 41,710
Czech Republic constant 19,912 23,816 27,631 28,623 29,727 31,273 35,855 38,272 39,770 42,025 43,697 45,641
Denmark current 104,865 174,019 204,216 234,356 203,063 218,794 223,369 220,851 243,064 281,256 284,739 251,634
Denmark constant 141,425 185,051 194,407 200,002 180,454 190,945 210,863 213,370 231,295 255,856 260,710 283,294
Finland current 78,532 136,994 157,670 183,417 156,105 161,067 156,221 150,594 158,102 177,029 180,444 149,917
Finland constant 105,693 145,427 149,927 156,034 140,472 140,016 146,931 145,755 150,065 161,840 165,047 168,501
France current 103,619 207,955 255,408 302,027 273,597 282,486 283,589 280,988 291,215 307,048 315,841 262,070
France constant 139,457 220,756 242,865 256,936 246,198 245,565 266,726 271,961 276,410 280,703 288,891 294,560
Germany current 89,770 136,388 162,170 191,034 182,219 190,495 184,060 179,683 192,529 208,969 207,752 177,984
Germany constant 120,818 144,784 154,206 162,514 163,971 165,598 173,115 173,910 182,741 191,039 190,025 200,048
Greece current 57,716 101,917 118,334 136,751 112,996 118,223 104,400 96,769 96,274 104,693 98,097 81,342
Greece constant 77,678 108,191 112,523 116,335 101,681 102,771 98,192 93,660 91,380 95,710 89,727 91,426
India current 2,036 3,332 3,910 5,106 3,803 4,368 5,267 4,573 4,712 4,274 4,489 4,352
India constant 1,925 3,038 3,500 4,072 3,728 4,125 4,736 4,928 5,222 5,349 5,462 5,607
Indonesia current 2,502 5,250 6,946 8,970 7,790 9,793 11,207 11,462 11,279 9,412 9,867 9,031
Indonesia constant 2,402 5,165 6,270 8,455 8,537 9,213 10,108 10,402 10,916 11,464 11,707 12,050
Ireland current 91,525 172,934 200,654 222,823 188,249 191,800 178,879 177,757 190,694 213,168 225,869 194,650
Ireland constant 123,180 183,580 190,800 189,557 169,398 166,733 168,243 172,047 181,000 194,878 206,593 218,780
Israel current 92,589 104,916 115,019 143,173 127,131 161,722 141,587 137,997 147,916 165,400 171,617 155,982
Israel constant 94,376 121,813 122,576 138,894 121,920 153,992 132,712 133,002 139,279 144,769 148,426 148,424
Italy current 119,773 190,807 224,825 260,171 239,436 258,004 238,683 228,332 232,986 243,838 246,069 203,577
Italy constant 161,199 202,554 213,785 221,330 215,460 224,285 224,491 220,997 221,142 222,917 224,957 228,941
Japan current 191,877 175,634 176,585 177,062 214,771 212,586 225,274 269,485 246,081 211,190 223,367 190,230
Japan constant 210,169 197,517 200,236 192,422 185,801 186,565 201,995 199,660 203,035 211,613 215,712 221,902
Korea current 33,257 60,782 73,040 83,110 56,924 67,471 75,054 75,247 84,688 88,863 95,741 91,108
Korea constant 38,159 55,793 61,623 70,594 65,056 71,293 75,970 78,643 82,270 85,097 87,900 92,215
Mexico current 17,484 25,422 29,366 32,462 25,860 30,129 32,239 27,811 31,249 31,265 31,743 25,949
Mexico constant 14,077 23,047 26,877 29,670 29,448 33,094 33,544 32,727 34,196 34,450 34,638 34,247
Netherlands current 106,872 150,197 175,232 202,622 169,219 190,069 186,994 184,868 199,206 194,731 206,977 182,782
Netherlands constant 143,834 159,443 166,627 172,372 152,273 165,228 175,874 178,928 189,079 178,023 189,316 205,442
New Zealand current 106,330 285,258 330,129 376,686 259,858 340,785 342,465 377,871 420,872 453,104 484,789 400,811
New Zealand constant 166,068 287,817 321,529 334,595 308,826 324,642 324,980 336,821 352,764 376,932 380,673 407,454
Norway current 110,805 213,142 242,719 284,634 234,642 309,185 321,874 338,898 387,607 362,642 394,568 321,352
Norway constant 149,686 220,297 231,969 235,091 250,758 272,834 289,436 309,918 329,608 336,061 369,641 385,984

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Table 6.2: Wealth per adult (in USD) at current and constant exchange rates, for regions and selected countries, 2000–2015, continued
Years
Country/region Exchange rate 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Poland current 8,871 16,470 20,028 24,992 22,271 25,591 25,549 22,783 26,503 29,654 29,565 24,370
Poland constant 11,405 16,668 18,088 18,884 20,469 22,635 22,770 24,160 25,491 27,790 27,860 28,440
Portugal current 48,008 74,787 86,941 101,671 89,852 94,726 88,553 84,848 86,488 93,602 89,554 73,843
Portugal constant 64,612 79,390 82,671 86,492 80,854 82,345 83,287 82,122 82,091 85,571 81,914 82,996
Russia current 2,935 11,164 16,193 23,575 19,735 19,658 23,207 18,922 21,573 19,727 18,991 11,726
Russia constant 2,641 10,268 13,625 18,492 18,529 18,999 21,721 19,468 20,938 20,715 20,665 20,876
Singapore current 112,757 132,774 156,541 196,692 190,389 215,737 239,153 257,582 290,370 288,098 290,280 269,408
Singapore constant 133,857 151,493 164,593 194,350 187,861 207,577 224,336 229,703 243,573 248,877 248,105 248,708
South Africa current 8,434 18,803 22,960 25,842 17,202 23,735 24,017 22,332 23,901 22,217 22,078 21,402
South Africa constant 7,829 14,587 19,628 21,585 19,633 21,485 21,593 22,305 24,922 28,531 28,810 31,862
Spain current 64,521 116,106 138,981 159,467 129,675 135,140 124,524 117,528 119,518 128,942 133,250 111,643
Spain constant 86,837 123,253 132,156 135,660 116,689 117,477 117,119 113,752 113,442 117,879 121,884 125,482
Sweden current 126,304 194,547 222,876 251,601 194,935 235,406 252,971 259,769 296,512 344,439 356,406 311,353
Sweden constant 162,150 208,463 205,989 217,266 205,000 225,560 246,126 240,902 259,678 297,732 320,809 347,839
Switzerland current 232,548 295,524 339,475 384,037 381,661 423,036 417,170 497,933 540,735 586,784 591,948 567,122
Switzerland constant 345,041 352,151 375,591 391,886 368,077 395,246 407,542 424,772 449,372 473,489 475,938 480,530
Taiwan current 106,858 112,470 120,860 128,024 140,887 165,376 171,706 156,706 160,231 194,560 199,701 194,701
Taiwan constant 100,954 106,175 114,356 121,043 133,052 156,180 169,621 174,477 186,258 208,271 214,192 215,799
Thailand current 2,570 5,303 4,471 5,389 4,446 5,879 7,329 7,645 8,014 7,288 7,601 7,330
Thailand constant 3,118 6,101 4,518 5,095 4,350 5,492 6,628 6,793 6,882 6,715 6,917 6,942
United Kingdom current 162,999 242,523 298,906 324,276 206,982 250,758 250,633 229,113 250,812 284,503 315,037 320,368
United Kingdom constant 181,230 233,678 252,631 268,547 235,563 256,889 271,285 245,858 263,703 283,211 305,689 337,969
United States current 209,022 273,719 291,403 289,255 231,372 234,329 247,247 256,864 284,760 335,483 337,680 352,996
United States constant 209,022 273,719 291,403 289,255 231,372 234,329 247,247 256,864 284,760 335,483 337,680 352,996
Africa current 2,916 4,235 5,115 6,456 4,976 5,071 5,369 5,057 5,241 5,118 5,058 4,536
Africa constant 2,465 3,965 4,796 5,761 5,018 4,897 5,357 5,362 5,754 6,064 6,090 6,363
Asia-Pacific current 33,096 34,980 37,377 40,894 40,216 41,455 44,344 49,301 47,863 44,127 46,029 40,505
Asia-Pacific constant 35,936 37,419 39,240 40,865 38,354 38,323 41,166 41,943 42,852 44,797 45,314 46,131
China current 5,672 9,770 12,582 16,643 13,690 16,795 18,200 19,703 20,037 21,695 21,250 22,513
China constant 6,625 11,126 13,865 17,156 13,204 16,182 17,531 17,519 17,785 18,522 18,607 19,700
Europe current 61,287 101,532 122,232 141,955 120,464 130,510 128,097 124,149 132,269 142,349 146,873 128,506
Europe constant 79,204 105,657 113,612 120,289 113,464 117,752 123,589 121,873 126,836 132,103 136,209 143,101
India current 2,036 3,332 3,910 5,106 3,803 4,368 5,267 4,573 4,712 4,274 4,489 4,352
India constant 1,925 3,038 3,500 4,072 3,728 4,125 4,736 4,928 5,222 5,349 5,462 5,607
Latin America current 11,221 13,877 16,638 20,286 17,117 21,253 22,836 23,003 23,152 21,532 22,703 18,508
Latin America constant 8,564 13,687 16,064 18,402 18,479 20,236 21,464 23,097 23,569 24,021 24,815 25,220
North America current 198,991 263,752 281,195 283,753 225,798 232,718 246,287 254,605 282,703 328,505 331,642 342,302
North America constant 202,064 263,695 281,145 280,087 226,659 230,410 243,048 251,596 278,712 325,981 329,134 344,041
World current 31,727 42,348 47,564 52,437 44,378 47,249 48,729 49,783 51,956 54,803 55,873 52,432
World constant 35,160 43,690 46,938 48,980 43,055 44,415 46,858 47,212 49,547 53,355 54,133 56,053
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods

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Table 6.3: Total wealth (in USD trn) at current and constant exchange rates, for regions and selected countries, 2000–2015
Country/region Exchange rate 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Australia current 1,432 3,066 3,702 4,669 3,699 4,575 5,389 6,229 6,828 6,707 7,061 6,174
Australia constant 2,062 3,335 3,733 4,226 4,261 4,071 4,625 4,895 5,237 5,995 5,971 6,410
Austria current 563 954 1,105 1,297 1,154 1,250 1,221 1,293 1,404 1,527 1,595 1,335
Austria constant 757 1,013 1,051 1,104 1,038 1,087 1,149 1,252 1,333 1,396 1,459 1,501
Belgium current 1,153 1,696 1,973 2,283 1,961 2,205 2,121 2,100 2,279 2,481 2,579 2,189
Belgium constant 1,552 1,801 1,876 1,942 1,764 1,917 1,994 2,032 2,163 2,268 2,359 2,461
Brazil current 839 1,224 1,571 2,092 1,813 2,848 3,181 3,558 3,205 2,876 3,194 2,436
Brazil constant 732 1,279 1,499 1,654 1,892 2,213 2,457 2,954 2,924 3,031 3,144 3,380
Canada current 2,469 4,277 4,720 5,901 4,489 5,633 6,212 6,211 7,096 7,257 7,615 6,872
Canada constant 3,170 4,264 4,708 4,991 4,705 5,046 5,379 5,428 6,045 6,584 6,943 7,343
Chile current 170 309 365 455 346 470 504 513 607 590 583 535
Chile constant 174 284 348 403 389 425 469 478 519 553 576 612
China current 4,664 8,632 11,306 15,222 12,746 15,905 17,505 19,215 19,777 21,656 21,323 22,817
China constant 5,447 9,830 12,459 15,691 12,293 15,325 16,862 17,085 17,554 18,488 18,670 19,966
Colombia current 150 268 314 430 405 485 524 576 690 672 839 643
Colombia constant 151 281 320 392 408 455 473 513 560 595 723 766
Czech Republic current 92 174 239 288 282 315 348 360 392 399 412 353
Czech Republic constant 156 191 223 233 244 259 299 321 335 355 369 386
Denmark current 427 712 837 962 835 903 924 917 1,014 1,178 1,196 1,061
Denmark constant 576 757 797 821 742 788 873 886 965 1,072 1,095 1,195
Finland current 306 550 636 744 637 661 645 625 660 743 759 633
Finland constant 412 584 605 633 573 575 606 605 626 679 694 712
France current 4,566 9,537 11,801 14,053 12,813 13,311 13,441 13,390 13,948 14,776 15,234 12,697
France constant 6,145 10,124 11,221 11,955 11,530 11,572 12,642 12,960 13,239 13,509 13,934 14,272
Germany current 5,800 8,970 10,706 12,658 12,115 12,703 12,303 12,031 12,905 14,015 13,935 11,939
Germany constant 7,807 9,522 10,180 10,768 10,902 11,043 11,571 11,645 12,249 12,813 12,746 13,419
Greece current 493 904 1,055 1,224 1,015 1,065 944 877 875 953 894 743
Greece constant 663 959 1,003 1,041 913 926 888 849 830 871 818 835
India current 1,163 2,141 2,571 3,434 2,615 3,072 3,788 3,362 3,540 3,281 3,482 3,447
India constant 1,100 1,952 2,301 2,738 2,564 2,901 3,405 3,622 3,923 4,106 4,237 4,441
Indonesia current 305 715 966 1,272 1,127 1,443 1,681 1,750 1,752 1,486 1,570 1,460
Indonesia constant 293 704 872 1,200 1,235 1,358 1,517 1,588 1,695 1,810 1,863 1,948
Ireland current 243 524 623 707 610 633 600 605 657 744 792 690
Ireland constant 327 557 592 601 548 550 564 585 624 680 725 776
Israel current 355 449 502 637 576 747 666 660 720 818 856 791
Israel constant 362 521 535 618 553 711 624 636 678 716 740 753
Italy current 5,497 9,054 10,734 12,491 11,555 12,508 11,619 11,154 11,416 11,977 12,098 10,025
Italy constant 7,398 9,611 10,207 10,626 10,398 10,873 10,928 10,796 10,835 10,949 11,060 11,274
Japan current 19,316 18,143 18,294 18,384 22,335 22,133 23,474 28,098 25,667 22,030 23,299 19,837
Japan constant 21,158 20,403 20,745 19,979 19,322 19,424 21,048 20,818 21,177 22,074 22,500 23,140
Korea current 1,097 2,149 2,612 3,002 2,076 2,484 2,791 2,826 3,214 3,408 3,690 3,545
Korea constant 1,259 1,973 2,204 2,550 2,373 2,625 2,825 2,954 3,123 3,263 3,388 3,588
Mexico current 987 1,600 1,885 2,124 1,725 2,048 2,234 1,964 2,250 2,294 2,351 1,957
Mexico constant 794 1,450 1,725 1,941 1,964 2,250 2,324 2,312 2,462 2,528 2,565 2,583
Netherlands current 1,286 1,852 2,173 2,527 2,123 2,399 2,374 2,361 2,559 2,515 2,680 2,379
Netherlands constant 1,731 1,966 2,066 2,150 1,911 2,086 2,233 2,285 2,428 2,299 2,451 2,674
New Zealand current 289 833 977 1,130 789 1,048 1,067 1,192 1,344 1,466 1,577 1,320
New Zealand constant 451 840 952 1,003 938 998 1,012 1,062 1,127 1,219 1,239 1,341
Norway current 368 731 840 995 830 1,106 1,164 1,239 1,432 1,354 1,480 1,217
Norway constant 497 755 803 822 887 976 1,047 1,133 1,218 1,254 1,387 1,462
Poland current 246 478 586 737 661 763 766 685 800 897 895 739
Poland constant 316 484 530 557 607 675 682 727 769 841 844 862

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Table 6.3: Total wealth (in USD trn) at current and constant exchange rates, for regions and selected countries, 2000–2015, continued
Country/region Exchange rate 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Portugal current 379 621 728 856 761 806 756 727 743 806 772 638
Portugal constant 509 659 692 728 685 700 711 704 705 737 706 717
Russia current 317 1,221 1,778 2,601 2,186 2,183 2,581 2,102 2,391 2,177 2,091 1,284
Russia constant 285 1,123 1,496 2,040 2,052 2,110 2,415 2,163 2,320 2,286 2,275 2,286
Singapore current 326 418 508 660 663 777 888 980 1,128 1,140 1,158 1,091
Singapore constant 387 477 534 653 654 748 833 874 946 984 989 1,007
South Africa current 211 523 651 746 505 707 725 682 736 689 688 671
South Africa constant 196 406 556 623 576 640 652 681 768 885 897 999
Spain current 2,045 4,003 4,856 5,636 4,629 4,869 4,526 4,307 4,414 4,797 4,974 4,195
Spain constant 2,752 4,250 4,617 4,794 4,165 4,232 4,257 4,169 4,190 4,386 4,550 4,715
Sweden current 849 1,342 1,547 1,758 1,371 1,668 1,805 1,868 2,148 2,514 2,610 2,294
Sweden constant 1,090 1,438 1,430 1,518 1,442 1,598 1,756 1,732 1,881 2,173 2,349 2,563
Switzerland current 1,284 1,715 1,985 2,261 2,259 2,518 2,498 3,000 3,278 3,580 3,623 3,491
Switzerland constant 1,906 2,044 2,197 2,307 2,179 2,353 2,440 2,559 2,724 2,889 2,913 2,958
Taiwan current 1,804 1,989 2,155 2,299 2,546 2,997 3,122 2,858 2,932 3,572 3,672 3,592
Taiwan constant 1,704 1,877 2,039 2,173 2,404 2,831 3,084 3,182 3,408 3,824 3,939 3,981
Thailand current 106 241 206 252 210 280 353 372 394 362 379 369
Thailand constant 129 277 208 238 205 262 319 331 338 333 345 349
United Kingdom current 7,184 11,026 13,688 14,961 9,621 11,745 11,827 10,892 12,010 13,719 15,242 15,601
United Kingdom constant 7,987 10,624 11,569 12,390 10,950 12,032 12,802 11,688 12,627 13,656 14,790 16,458
United States current 42,941 59,664 64,261 64,530 52,217 53,502 57,114 60,037 67,346 80,274 81,262 85,901
United States constant 42,941 59,664 64,261 64,530 52,217 53,502 57,114 60,037 67,346 80,274 81,262 85,901
Africa current 1,114 1,865 2,317 3,009 2,386 2,501 2,722 2,635 2,806 2,815 2,819 2,596
Africa constant 942 1,746 2,173 2,685 2,406 2,415 2,716 2,794 3,081 3,335 3,394 3,641
Asia-Pacific current 27,741 32,865 35,895 40,126 40,301 42,405 46,277 52,465 51,912 48,753 51,313 45,958
Asia-Pacific constant 30,121 35,156 37,684 40,098 38,435 39,201 42,960 44,635 46,477 49,493 50,517 52,341
China current 4,664 8,632 11,306 15,222 12,746 15,905 17,505 19,215 19,777 21,656 21,323 22,817
China constant 5,447 9,830 12,459 15,691 12,293 15,325 16,862 17,085 17,554 18,488 18,670 19,966
Europe current 33,719 57,425 69,519 81,176 69,240 75,352 74,237 72,161 77,047 83,043 85,723 75,059
Europe constant 43,577 59,758 64,616 68,787 65,216 67,986 71,624 70,838 73,883 77,065 79,499 83,584
India current 1,163 2,141 2,571 3,434 2,615 3,072 3,788 3,362 3,540 3,281 3,482 3,447
India constant 1,100 1,952 2,301 2,738 2,564 2,901 3,405 3,622 3,923 4,106 4,237 4,441
Latin America current 3,398 4,685 5,732 7,129 6,134 7,762 8,498 8,719 8,935 8,459 8,996 7,461
Latin America constant 2,593 4,621 5,534 6,467 6,622 7,391 7,987 8,754 9,096 9,436 9,833 10,167
North America current 45,427 63,964 69,005 70,455 56,726 59,155 63,348 66,271 74,468 87,561 88,909 92,806
North America constant 46,129 63,950 68,993 69,545 56,942 58,569 62,515 65,488 73,417 86,889 88,236 93,277
World current 117,225 171,577 196,345 220,552 190,148 206,152 216,374 224,828 238,486 255,567 262,565 250,145
World constant 129,908 177,014 193,760 206,012 184,479 193,787 208,069 213,217 227,431 248,813 254,387 267,418
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods

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Table 6-4: Composition of wealth per adult for regions and selected countries, 2015
Wealth per adult (USD) Share of gross wealth (%)
Country Non- Non-
Financial Gross Financial
financial Debts financial Debts
assets wealth assets
assets assets
Australia 185,193 276,862 97,159 462,055 40.1 59.9 21.0
Austria 95,422 128,869 28,199 224,291 42.5 57.5 12.6
Belgium 161,478 131,338 33,410 292,816 55.1 44.9 11.4
Brazil 8,204 13,470 4,077 21,674 37.9 62.1 18.8
Canada 167,584 135,156 54,464 302,740 55.4 44.6 18.0
Chile 25,962 23,593 7,573 49,555 52.4 47.6 15.3
China 12,752 11,704 1,943 24,456 52.1 47.9 7.9
Colombia 5,859 18,020 3,402 23,879 24.5 75.5 14.2
Czech Republic 22,666 26,326 7,283 48,992 46.3 53.7 14.9
Denmark 209,272 138,587 96,224 347,859 60.2 39.8 27.7
Finland 70,014 117,955 38,052 187,969 37.2 62.8 20.2
France 109,859 184,880 32,668 294,739 37.3 62.7 11.1
Germany 88,541 116,464 27,021 205,005 43.2 56.8 13.2
Greece 32,167 63,918 14,742 96,085 33.5 66.5 15.3
India 651 4,047 346 4,698 13.9 86.1 7.4
Indonesia 1,333 8,290 592 9,623 13.9 86.1 6.2
Ireland 116,952 132,434 54,736 249,386 46.9 53.1 21.9
Israel 128,460 58,644 31,122 187,104 68.7 31.3 16.6
Italy 93,190 131,186 20,799 224,376 41.5 58.5 9.3
Japan 134,484 85,707 29,962 220,191 61.1 38.9 13.6
Korea 67,986 53,647 30,525 121,633 55.9 44.1 25.1
Mexico 12,071 18,565 4,688 30,636 39.4 60.6 15.3
Netherlands 183,809 71,476 72,502 255,285 72.0 28.0 28.4
New Zealand 202,040 264,446 65,675 466,486 43.3 56.7 14.1
Norway 130,565 290,838 100,050 421,403 31.0 69.0 23.7
Poland 14,585 15,582 5,798 30,167 48.3 51.7 19.2
Portugal 47,464 47,486 21,107 94,950 50.0 50.0 22.2
Russia 2,490 11,277 2,041 13,767 18.1 81.9 14.8
Singapore 175,158 148,893 54,642 324,051 54.1 45.9 16.9
South Africa 18,653 7,672 4,923 26,325 70.9 29.1 18.7
Spain 59,119 76,421 23,897 135,540 43.6 56.4 17.6
Sweden 184,437 183,678 56,762 368,115 50.1 49.9 15.4
Switzerland 394,628 317,521 145,027 712,149 55.4 44.6 20.4
Taiwan 136,044 84,737 26,080 220,781 61.6 38.4 11.8
Thailand 4,498 5,391 2,559 9,889 45.5 54.5 25.9
United Kingdom 197,805 178,128 55,566 375,933 52.6 47.4 14.8
United States 283,059 128,638 58,701 411,697 68.8 31.2 14.3
Africa 2,441 2,605 511 5,046 48.4 51.6 10.1
Asia-Pacific 25,270 22,927 7,691 48,197 52.4 47.6 16.0
China 12,752 11,704 1,943 24,456 52.1 47.9 7.9
Europe 69,211 81,510 22,216 150,721 45.9 54.1 14.7
India 651 4,047 346 4,698 13.9 86.1 7.4
Latin America 7,682 14,093 3,267 21,775 35.3 64.7 15.0
North America 271,267 129,303 58,269 400,570 67.7 32.3 14.5
World 33,659 27,442 8,668 61,101 55.1 44.9 14.2
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 6-5: Wealth shares and minimum wealth of deciles and top percentiles for regions and selected countries, 2015
Wealth decile Top
Country
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10% 5% 1%
I Wealth shares (%)
Australia 0.2 1.1 2.0 2.9 4.0 5.8 7.7 10.2 14.9 51.3 39.5 21.4
Austria -0.7 -0.2 0.3 1.0 2.0 4.1 6.2 8.8 14.5 63.8 51.2 29.3
Belgium -0.1 0.8 1.7 2.8 4.2 6.7 8.9 11.4 15.9 47.6 35.2 17.6
Brazil 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.0 1.5 2.4 3.6 5.5 9.6 75.4 66.1 48.0
Canada -0.2 0.3 0.7 1.3 2.4 4.8 7.1 10.0 16.0 57.7 45.0 25.1
Chile -0.3 0.3 0.8 1.4 2.1 3.7 4.9 6.6 10.3 70.3 61.1 43.2
China 0.4 1.1 1.7 2.3 2.9 3.7 4.8 6.7 10.7 65.7 56.4 39.4
Colombia 0.0 0.4 0.9 1.4 2.2 3.4 5.0 7.4 12.5 66.8 54.8 34.0
Czech Republic -0.1 0.3 0.7 1.3 2.1 4.0 5.5 7.4 11.4 67.6 57.6 39.0
Denmark -4.7 -1.8 -0.7 0.6 1.5 3.7 6.4 9.9 18.3 66.9 52.3 29.1
Finland -0.7 0.0 0.6 1.5 2.6 5.0 7.1 9.7 15.0 59.3 47.1 27.2
France -0.1 0.3 0.8 1.4 2.6 5.7 8.1 10.7 15.9 54.7 42.2 23.1
Germany -0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.9 1.9 3.9 6.0 9.1 15.6 62.8 50.1 29.5
Greece -0.1 0.8 1.7 2.6 3.7 5.4 7.1 9.2 13.4 56.2 45.3 27.1
India 0.1 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.7 2.5 3.6 5.2 8.5 76.3 68.6 53.0
Indonesia 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.4 2.2 3.2 4.9 8.6 77.9 71.8 53.5
Ireland -0.2 0.3 0.8 1.5 2.6 5.2 7.3 9.7 14.3 58.3 46.0 26.8
Israel 0.0 0.4 0.9 1.4 2.2 3.6 5.1 7.2 11.3 67.8 57.4 38.7
Italy -0.1 0.7 1.5 2.4 3.6 5.9 8.0 10.3 14.6 53.1 41.5 23.4
Japan 0.3 1.1 1.8 2.6 3.8 5.9 8.0 10.9 16.2 49.4 36.8 18.5
Korea -0.3 0.5 1.2 2.0 2.9 4.5 6.1 8.2 12.2 62.8 52.4 34.1
Mexico 0.1 0.6 1.0 1.6 2.4 3.7 5.2 7.4 12.0 66.0 55.2 36.0
Netherlands -2.0 -0.3 0.8 2.1 3.3 5.7 7.9 10.4 16.0 56.0 43.3 23.8
New Zealand 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.9 3.0 5.5 7.9 11.3 18.2 50.4 36.8 17.5
Norway -4.2 -0.8 0.6 2.1 3.1 5.9 8.3 10.8 15.9 58.3 45.0 25.0
Poland -0.1 0.3 0.7 1.3 2.2 4.5 6.3 8.5 12.9 63.5 52.6 33.7
Portugal -0.2 0.7 1.4 2.2 3.1 5.0 6.8 8.9 13.2 58.9 47.2 27.9
Russia 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.4 2.1 3.0 5.1 87.1 82.0 70.3
Singapore 0.1 0.7 1.4 2.2 3.1 4.7 6.4 8.5 12.6 60.4 49.2 30.7
South Africa 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.2 2.0 3.2 5.4 10.9 75.9 64.4 42.8
Spain -0.3 1.1 2.1 3.0 3.8 5.3 7.0 9.1 13.2 55.9 45.1 27.2
Sweden 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.4 2.3 3.5 6.1 12.7 72.1 56.4 31.6
Switzerland 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.5 2.4 3.7 6.3 12.5 71.3 58.0 34.8
Taiwan 0.1 0.6 1.2 1.9 2.9 4.4 6.1 8.3 12.7 61.8 51.0 32.4
Thailand 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.4 2.4 3.4 4.7 7.7 78.6 71.3 56.0
United Kingdom 0.1 0.7 1.3 2.2 3.3 5.4 7.5 10.2 15.3 54.1 42.0 23.2
United States -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.6 1.1 2.1 3.5 5.9 11.7 75.6 63.0 37.3
Africa 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.8 2.9 4.8 9.6 78.6 68.4 47.2
Asia-Pacific 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.4 2.8 9.1 84.7 70.8 41.2
China 0.4 1.1 1.7 2.3 2.9 3.7 4.8 6.7 10.7 65.7 56.4 39.4
Europe -0.4 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.9 3.8 7.7 15.9 70.0 55.8 32.2
India 0.1 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.7 2.5 3.6 5.2 8.5 76.3 68.6 53.0
Latin America 0.0 0.3 0.7 1.1 1.8 2.7 4.1 6.4 11.0 72.0 61.8 42.7
North America -0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.6 1.2 2.3 3.8 6.2 11.9 74.3 61.8 36.7
World -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.4 2.6 7.0 87.7 76.6 50.0
II Minimum wealth (USD)
Africa 39 119 234 395 639 1,011 1,629 2,904 6,607 13,146 52,618
Asia-Pacific 219 568 1,021 1,711 2,711 4,273 7,613 17,806 69,638 172,665 583,228
China 1,533 3,116 4,438 5,757 7,357 9,471 12,612 18,017 32,334 56,001 200,429
Europe 23 472 2,052 5,993 16,142 33,300 67,925 142,004 285,924 478,737 1,439,990
India 52 237 403 603 868 1,289 1,846 2,760 5,084 9,305 37,851
Latin America 246 869 1,603 2,596 4,034 6,086 9,289 14,876 28,635 51,578 185,148
North America -6,723 1,372 14,230 29,335 59,737 100,700 164,093 276,690 611,800 1,207,751 4,493,066
World 132 474 987 1,870 3,210 5,443 9,435 19,861 68,845 185,336 759,927
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 6-6: Distribution of wealth for regions and selected countries, 2015
I Number of adults (thousands)
Wealth range (USD)
Country Under 10,000- 100,000-
Over 1 million All ranges
10,000 100,000 1 million
Australia 1,219 4,411 10,328 961 16,919
Austria 1,902 2,213 2,499 194 6,808
Belgium 834 2,793 4,534 278 8,439
Brazil 105,080 30,705 2,487 168 138,440
Canada 5,114 8,825 12,755 984 27,678
Chile 6,124 5,949 637 44 12,754
China 629,075 360,083 23,045 1,333 1,013,536
Colombia 20,288 10,220 837 37 31,382
Czech Republic 4,078 3,892 460 28 8,458
Denmark 1,346 1,034 1,644 194 4,218
Finland 1,096 1,569 1,488 71 4,224
France 8,189 16,037 22,434 1,791 48,451
Germany 19,893 22,727 22,934 1,525 67,079
Greece 1,796 5,844 1,434 58 9,132
India 755,563 33,861 2,413 185 792,022
Indonesia 148,811 11,373 1,389 98 161,671
Ireland 668 1,252 1,544 83 3,547
Israel 1,004 2,637 1,342 88 5,071
Italy 6,095 18,527 23,496 1,126 49,244
Japan 9,407 44,073 48,673 2,126 104,279
Korea 9,347 23,056 6,195 313 38,911
Mexico 42,772 30,088 2,440 122 75,422
Netherlands 2,944 4,045 5,745 282 13,016
New Zealand 329 1,019 1,663 282 3,293
Norway 873 831 1,878 205 3,787
Poland 15,996 13,391 896 43 30,326
Portugal 2,150 5,274 1,165 51 8,640
Russia 100,115 8,470 839 92 109,516
Singapore 405 1,620 1,884 142 4,051
South Africa 22,784 7,611 912 50 31,357
Spain 4,541 23,599 9,074 360 37,574
Sweden 1,167 3,490 2,192 520 7,369
Switzerland 103 2,904 2,483 667 6,157
Taiwan 2,416 8,623 6,995 414 18,448
Thailand 46,418 3,582 289 25 50,314
United Kingdom 4,870 16,492 24,970 2,364 48,696
United States 68,342 79,959 79,393 15,656 243,350
Africa 534,136 35,620 2,383 126 572,265
Asia-Pacific 843,327 199,560 86,806 4,931 1,134,624
China 629,075 360,083 23,045 1,333 1,013,536
Europe 260,814 179,445 133,819 10,011 584,089
India 755,563 33,861 2,413 185 792,022
Latin America 289,169 105,215 8,272 485 403,141
North America 73,477 88,811 92,189 16,646 271,123
World 3,385,561 1,002,596 348,928 33,717 4,770,802
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Table 6-6: Distribution of wealth for regions and selected countries, 2015, continued
II Percentage of world adults (in %)
wealth range (USD)
Country Under 10,000- 100,000-
Over 1 million All ranges
10,000 100,000 1 million
Australia 0.0 0.4 3.0 2.9 0.4
Austria 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.1
Belgium 0.0 0.3 1.3 0.8 0.2
Brazil 3.1 3.1 0.7 0.5 2.9
Canada 0.2 0.9 3.7 2.9 0.6
Chile 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.3
China 18.6 35.9 6.6 4.0 21.2
Colombia 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.7
Czech Republic 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2
Denmark 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.1
Finland 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1
France 0.2 1.6 6.4 5.3 1.0
Germany 0.6 2.3 6.6 4.5 1.4
Greece 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2
India 22.3 3.4 0.7 0.6 16.6
Indonesia 4.4 1.1 0.4 0.3 3.4
Ireland 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.1
Israel 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.1
Italy 0.2 1.9 6.7 3.3 1.0
Japan 0.3 4.4 14.0 6.3 2.2
Korea 0.3 2.3 1.8 0.9 0.8
Mexico 1.3 3.0 0.7 0.4 1.6
Netherlands 0.1 0.4 1.7 0.8 0.3
New Zealand 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.1
Norway 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.1
Poland 0.5 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.6
Portugal 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2
Russia 3.0 0.8 0.2 0.3 2.3
Singapore 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.1
South Africa 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.7
Spain 0.1 2.4 2.6 1.1 0.8
Sweden 0.0 0.4 0.6 1.5 0.2
Switzerland 0.0 0.3 0.7 2.0 0.1
Taiwan 0.1 0.9 2.0 1.2 0.4
Thailand 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 1.1
United Kingdom 0.1 1.6 7.2 7.0 1.0
United States 2.0 8.0 22.8 46.4 5.1
Africa 15.8 3.6 0.7 0.4 12.0
Asia-Pacific 24.9 19.9 24.9 14.6 23.8
China 18.6 35.9 6.6 4.0 21.2
Europe 7.7 17.9 38.4 29.7 12.2
India 22.3 3.4 0.7 0.6 16.6
Latin America 8.5 10.5 2.4 1.4 8.5
North America 2.2 8.9 26.4 49.4 5.7
World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods

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Table 6-6: Distribution of wealth for regions and selected countries, 2015, continued
III Percentage of adults by wealth range (in %)
wealth range (USD) Gini
Under 10,000- 100,000-1 Over 1
All ranges %
10,000 100,000 million million
Australia 7.2 26.1 61.0 5.7 100 63.9
Austria 27.9 32.5 36.7 2.9 100 77.9
Belgium 9.9 33.1 53.7 3.3 100 62.6
Brazil 75.9 22.2 1.8 0.1 100 83.0
Canada 18.5 31.9 46.1 3.6 100 72.6
Chile 48.0 46.6 5.0 0.3 100 79.5
China 62.1 35.5 2.3 0.1 100 73.3
Colombia 64.6 32.6 2.7 0.1 100 76.9
Czech Republic 48.2 46.0 5.4 0.3 100 77.9
Denmark 31.9 24.5 39.0 4.6 100 89.3
Finland 26.0 37.1 35.2 1.7 100 74.2
France 16.9 33.1 46.3 3.7 100 70.3
Germany 29.7 33.9 34.2 2.3 100 77.5
Greece 19.7 64.0 15.7 0.6 100 68.0
India 95.4 4.3 0.3 0.0 100 83.1
Indonesia 92.0 7.0 0.9 0.1 100 84.7
Ireland 18.8 35.3 43.5 2.4 100 71.7
Israel 19.8 52.0 26.5 1.7 100 77.2
Italy 12.4 37.6 47.7 2.3 100 66.7
Japan 9.0 42.3 46.7 2.0 100 63.4
Korea 24.0 59.3 15.9 0.8 100 73.8
Mexico 56.7 39.9 3.2 0.2 100 75.9
Netherlands 22.6 31.1 44.1 2.2 100 73.2
New Zealand 10.0 30.9 50.5 8.6 100 67.0
Norway 23.1 21.9 49.6 5.4 100 77.9
Poland 52.7 44.2 3.0 0.1 100 75.6
Portugal 24.9 61.0 13.5 0.6 100 70.5
Russia 91.4 7.7 0.8 0.1 100 91.2
Singapore 10.0 40.0 46.5 3.5 100 70.8
South Africa 72.7 24.3 2.9 0.2 100 84.0
Spain 12.1 62.8 24.1 1.0 100 67.1
Sweden 15.8 47.4 29.7 7.1 100 80.9
Switzerland 1.7 47.2 40.3 10.8 100 80.3
Taiwan 13.1 46.7 37.9 2.2 100 72.7
Thailand 92.3 7.1 0.6 0.1 100 84.8
United Kingdom 10.0 33.9 51.3 4.9 100 67.8
United States 28.1 32.9 32.6 6.4 100 85.0
Africa 93.3 6.2 0.4 0.0 100 85.6
Asia-Pacific 74.3 17.6 7.7 0.4 100 89.2
China 62.1 35.5 2.3 0.1 100 73.3
Europe 44.7 30.7 22.9 1.7 100 83.4
India 95.4 4.3 0.3 0.0 100 83.1
Latin America 71.7 26.1 2.1 0.1 100 80.9
North America 27.1 32.8 34.0 6.1 100 84.2
World 71.0 21.0 7.3 0.7 100 91.5
Source: Original estimates; see text for explanation of methods.

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Bibliography and data references

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About the authors

Anthony Shorrocks is Director of Global Economic Perspectives Ltd. After receiving his PhD
from the London School of Economics (LSE), he taught at the LSE until 1983, when he
became Professor of Economics at Essex University, serving also as Head of Department and
Director of Economic Research for the British Household Panel Study. In 2001, he was
appointed Director of the World Institute for Development Economics Research of the United
Nations University (UNUWIDER) in Helsinki, where he remained until 2009. He has published
widely on income and wealth distribution, inequality, poverty and mobility, and was elected a
Fellow of the Econometric Society in 1996. Publications include “The age-wealth relationship: A
cross section and cohort analysis” (Review of Economics and Statistics1975), “The portfolio
composition of asset holdings in the United Kingdom” (Economic Journal 1982), and, with Jim
Davies and others, “Assessing the quantitative importance of inheritance in the distribution of
wealth” (Oxford Economic Papers 1978), “The distribution of wealth” (Handbook of Income
Distribution 2000), “The world distribution of household wealth” in Personal Wealth from a
Global Perspective (Oxford University Press 2008), “The global pattern of household wealth”
(Journal of International Development 2009) and “The Level and Distribution of Global
Household Wealth” (Economic Journal 2011).

Jim Davies is a Professor in the Department of Economics at the University of Western Ontario
in Canada, where he has been a faculty member since 1977 and served as chair of the
department from 1992 to 2001. He received his PhD from the London School of Economics in
1979. Jim was the director of the Economic Policy Research Institute at UWO from 2001 to
2012. In 2010, he completed a five-year term as managing editor of the academic journal
Canadian Public Policy. From 2006 to 2008, he directed an international research program on
household wealth holdings at UNU-WIDER in Helsinki and edited the resulting volume,
“Personal Wealth from a Global Perspective” (Oxford University Press 2008). He has authored
two books and over 70 articles and chapters in books on topics ranging from tax policy to
household saving and the distribution of wealth. Publications include “The Relative Impact of
Inheritance and Other Factors on Economic Inequality” (Quarterly Journal of Economics 1982),
“Wealth and Economic Inequality” (Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality, Oxford University
Press, 2009), and several publications on wealth authored jointly with Anthony Shorrocks and
others. Jim is also the editor of “The Economics of the Distribution of Wealth,” published earlier
this year by Edward Elgar.

Rodrigo Lluberas is an Analyst at the Research department of Uruguay Central Bank. He

received his PhD in Economics from Royal Holloway College, University of London and his MSc
in Economics from University College London. He has been a visiting scholar at the Institute for
Fiscal Studies and an Economist at Towers Watson in London. Prior to undertaking his MSc, he
worked for three years as an economic analyst at Watson Wyatt Global Research Services and
more recently as a research assistant at NESTA. His main areas of expertise are pensions,
consumption and wealth.

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Imprint

Publisher Responsible authors

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Credit Suisse Research Institute James B. Davies
Paradeplatz 8 Rodrigo Lluberas
CH-8070 Zurich
Switzerland
Editorial deadline
1 October 2015

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Global Research Editorial & Publications Additional copies of this publication can be
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10/2015

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