GENERAL MATHEMATICS 11
Name of the Learner: _________________________ Grade Level: _____
Section: ____________________________________ Date: __________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No. 11 week 3
“FIND THE DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A RATIONAL FUNCTION”
MELC: Find the domain and range of a rational function (M11GM-Ib-5)
OBJECTIVES: Define domain and range.
Discover domain and range of a given rational function
Background Information for Learners:
• Domain and Range of Rational Functions. The domain of a function f(x) is the set of all values for which
the function is defined, and the range of the function is the set of all values that f takes. A rational
𝑝(𝑥)
function is a function of the form 𝑓(𝑥) = , where 𝑝(𝑥)𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞(𝑥) are polynomials and q(x)≠0 .
𝑞(𝑥)
Directions/Instructions:
• How can we find the domain and range?
o The domain of a rational function is all real numbers that make the denominator nonzero, which
is easy to find; however, the range of a rational function is not as easy to find as the domain. You
will have to know the graph of the function to find its range or solve for the inverse of the
function because the Range is the inverse of the function.
• Steps in Finding the Domain of a rational function:
o Set the denominator equal to zero.
o Solve to find the x-values that cause the denominator to equal zero.
o The domain is all real numbers except those found in Step 2.
𝒙−𝟐
Example 1 Find the Domain and Range: 𝒇(𝒙) =
𝒙+𝟐
Solution: Set 𝑥 + 2 = 0, 𝒙 = −𝟐 (the domain is all real numbers except -2) So, it is very easy to
find the domain. Just set the denominator to zero and solve for x.
How to find the range?
• Solve for the inverse of the function because the Range is the domain of the inverse of the
function. How do you find the inverse?
𝑥−2
Solve for the inverse: 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥+2
𝑦−2
𝑦= = 𝑦(𝑦 + 2) = 𝑦 − 2
𝑦+2
𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 = 𝑦 − 2
𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 − 𝑦 = −2
𝑦 2 + 𝑦 = −2
𝑦(𝑦 + 1) = −2 (eliminate y+1 by dividing both sides by y+1)
𝑦+1 −2 −2
𝑦 = = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = (inverse of the function)
𝑦+1 𝑦+1 𝑦+1
To find the Range, simply set the domain or the denominator to zero: 𝑦 + 1 = 0 , 𝒚 = −𝟏
Therefore, the range is ℝ = 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐫𝐞𝐚𝐥 𝐧𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐞𝐱𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭 𝐲 ≠ −𝟏
𝟐𝒙−𝟏
Example 2 Find the Domain and Range: 𝒇(𝒙) =
𝒙+𝟒
Find the Domain:
Solution: 1. To find the domain set the denominator to zero: 𝑥 + 4 = 0 , 𝒙 = −𝟒
The Domain, D= all real numbers except for -4. Let us see this in a number line:
-∞ -4 -3 -2 -1 0 +∞
Therefore, the Domain= D(- ∞, -4) ∪ (-4, +∞) = all real numbers except for -4
Find the Range:
Solution: 1. To find the Range, solve first the inverse of the rational function and find the domain which the range
of the function:
𝟐𝒙−𝟏 𝟐𝒙−𝟏
𝒇 (𝒙 ) = 𝒙+𝟒
Step 1: Replace 𝒇(𝒙) 𝒃𝒚 𝒚 𝒚= 𝒙+𝟒
𝟐𝒚−𝟏
Step 2: Interchange x and y in the equation: 𝒚=
𝒚+𝟒
Step 3: Sole for y in term of x (or cross multiply) 𝒚(𝒚 + 𝟒) = 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟏
Simplify and Combine similar terms 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟏
𝒚𝟐 + 𝟒𝒚 − 𝟐𝒚 = −𝟏
𝒚𝟐 + 𝟐𝒚 = −𝟏
𝒚(𝒚 + 𝟐) = −𝟏
𝒚(𝒚+𝟐) −𝟏
=
𝒚+𝟐 𝒚+𝟐
−𝟏 −𝟏
Step 4: Replace 𝒚 𝒃𝒚 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) 𝒚= = 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙) =
𝒚+𝟐 𝒚+𝟐
The Range is the domain of the inverse set to zero, 𝒚 + 𝟐 = 𝟎, 𝒚 = −𝟐
Therefore, the Range, ℝ= all real numbers except -2
Exercises: NOW, IT’S YOUR TURN!
• Apply the rational functions to determine the domain and range. Use one whole sheet of paper. Copy
the problem and show your solutions.
2 −2𝑥+7 𝑥+5
1. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥+3 2. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3. 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥−5
𝑥
−2𝑥+7 7𝑥+1 −11𝑥+6
4. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 5. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = −𝑥+9 6. 𝑓(𝑥 ) =
𝑥 𝑥+6
Reflection: Why following the health protocols of the government is important to you? Explain your answer. Write your
answer at the end of your exercises. Read the Learner’s material
Reference: For further study, read: PDF Learner’s Manual General Mathematics: Pages 46-48
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