Materials in this exam are based on the text, 

A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge

(PMBOK® Guide), Sixth edition, Project Management Institute, Inc. 2018

1. Vocal inflection accounts for how much understanding of verbal communication?

a. 55 percent
b. 38 percent
c. 100 percent
d. 7 percent
2. On your current project, EV = $45,000, AC = $50,000, PV = $40,000. What is the schedule
variance as a percentage of the work accomplished at this point in time?
a. -90%
b. +90.5%
c. -85%
d. +88.8%
3. During the Executing and the Monitoring and Controlling phases, project managers frequently
engage in replanning activity due to discovery or a change in customer needs. The term used to
describe this process is called?
a. Regression testing
b. Progressive planning
c. Progressive elaboration
d. Project elaboration
4. One of your project team members approached you visibly upset. It appears the team member
overheard a director and another project manager discussing an apparent scheme to defraud the
company. What is the FIRST thing that you should do as the project manager?
a. Validate and substantiate the claim
b. Inform human resources of the attempted fraud
c. If the breach is serious enough, inform local law enforcement. You are protected by
whistleblower statutes
d. Casually mention the details of the attempted fraud to the other project manager to see if
it elicits a response
5. The project has been running smoothly; initiation phase is complete and the team is working on
all aspects of planning. You had meetings with stakeholders several times to collect requirements
and as a result, requirements documentation is almost complete, as are high-level and detailed
design documents. As construction begins on the project, several stakeholders have indicated the
need for changes to the requirements set. They are claiming these elements were missed in the
initial requirements collection process, and they want you to add these elements to the project
immediately. You perform an impact assessment and get it back to them only to hear that they
are not going to allow any changes in the project budget or the timeline to complete these
additional elements. What is the most effective tool that you could use to prevent this instance of
scope creep?
a. Change control system
b. Configuration management system
c. Murder Board
d. Work Authorization System
6. Which type of procurement document is most appropriate for a cost reimbursable contract?
 a. IFB (invitation for bid)
b. RFP (request for proposal)
c. RFB (request for bid)
d. RFQ (request for quote)
7. Your vendor just shipped you 100,000 parts. What is the best quality tool to use given that you do
not have the time or the workers available to check each part?
a. Pareto Chart
b. Statistical Sampling
c. Control Chart
d. Scatter diagram
8. One of the risks identified in the project’s risk register has a probability of 85%. As the project
manager what would you do first upon making this discovery?
a. Make the risk a #1 priority in the risk register
b. Move the ’risk’ to the issue log
c. Risk data validation
d. Raise a red jeopardy on a stoplight report
9. You have just created the scope management plan for your current project. As the project
manager, what is the next thing that you should do?
a. Sit down with your customer to perform a risk assessment
b. Ask your customer about their wants and needs for the project
c. Determine the detailed scope of the project
d. Create a detailed work breakdown structure that details all the work packages for the
project
10. Stakeholders are generally classified based on their ________________________?
a. Impact, influence, urgency
b. Influence, immediacy, interest
c. Power, impact, interest
d. Interest, influence, involvement
11. The mechanical engineering manager has reported to you, a PMP, that the work due at the end
of this week is going to be two weeks late. Your manager has requested that you do not report
this to senior management. What does the PMI Code of Ethics require you to do?
a. Because the manager is a friend, you do not report the slip, and help him get the work
back on schedule.
b. Bury the issue in a revised status report that does not show the work slippage clearly.
c. Report the status accurately.
d. Wait until the work is completed; then report the slippage. At that point it’s a fait acomplis.
12. One of the goals of your current project is to automate a current process that is currently done
manually. What is the best quality tool to use in this situation?
a. Flowchart
b. Histogram
c. Cost-benefit analysis
d. Cost of quality
13. The buyer has established a CPFF vehicle for the current procurement activity. What is the buyer
most concerned about?
 a. Risk
b. Cost
c. Specifications
d. Vendor expertise
14. Which of the following statements about earned value is true?
a. Actual cost can never exceed earned value
b. Planned value can never exceed earned value
c. Planned value can never exceed actual cost
d. Expected price can never exceed earned value
15. A Project Manager is using PDM to perform critical path analysis. The network diagram is
represented as shown using below. Which of the following represents the path:

ActivityDurationDependent on
A 3 none
C 2 none
B 2 A
D 4 C
E 3 none
F 5 E
G 3 D,F
H 1 D,F
I 2 B,G
R 0 H,I

16.

a. ABIR
b. CDHR
c. CDGIR
d. EFGIR
17. For the sequence diagram in question 15, what is the float of activity B
a. 2
b. 3
c. 5
d. 6
18. For the sequence diagram in question 15, what is the float of activity H
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 6
19. According to PMI, the PMO is not responsible for…?
a. Centralized and coordinated management of projects
b. Providing accurate reporting of project metrics
 c. Helping to align projects with the strategic goals of the organization
d. Administrative support, project methodologies, and policies
20. You decide to conduct a quality audit of the cryogenic capable hardware being manufactured by
your company during project execution. The quality audit will identify all of the following,
except...?
a. Whether the planned quality process and standards were followed by the project team
b. Whether the product will be formally accepted by the sponsor
c. Whether the product is fit for use
d. The improvement opportunities for the existing product
21. Which of the following statements about risk is the most correct?
a. All risks should be avoided
b. Accept only the risks for which you can purchase insurance
c. If the project has no risk, it is not really a project
d. Only accept projects with upside risks
22. You have determined your project will optimistically take 24 weeks to complete, with a most likely
completion date of 36 weeks and a pessimistic completion date of 72 weeks. Based on this three
point estimate what is the likely completion timeline for the project?
a. 38.4 weeks
b. 39.6 weeks
c. 40 weeks
d. 42.4 weeks
23. The five elements of the sender-receiver model in communications are …?
a. Encode, filter, feedback, medium, noise
b. Encode, decode, feedback, filter, noise
c. Encode, message and feedback, medium, noise, decode
d. Encode, message, recode, medium and noise, feedback
24. The two basic standards that define the PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct are:
a. Government and industry
b. Anticipated and required
c. Aspirational and mandatory
d. Intended and compulsory
25. A SIPOC diagram is a type of…?
a. Checklist
b. Run Chart
c. SPC chart
d. Flowchart
26. You identified the possibility of several high-impact risks on your current project at the last
stakeholder meeting. A senior VP was in attendance and immediately announced, “We’re looking
for ‘can-do’ people for this project. If you can’t handle it, I’ll find someone who can!” What would
be the best response to this statement?
a. Immediately resign from the project, stating that the VP himself constitutes the largest
risk on the project
b. Offer to discuss the VP’s concerns, offline
c. State that the risk assessment is necessary to help ensure the success of the project
 d. Tell the VP that you are simply following what PMI recommends and that it is not
mandatory
27. If you add two more people to a team of five people, how many additional lines of communication
will be created?
a. 15
b. 10
c. 11
d. 4
28. The life cycle of a product or service begins with…?
a. An assessment of the business need and benefit to the organization
b. The manufacturing of a product or service
c. The identification of stakeholders
d. The development of the project scope statement and work breakdown structure
29. An approved change request just increased the scope of your project. This could result in all of
the following except?
a. A change to the scope baseline
b. A change to a new project manager
c. A change to the cost baseline
d. A change to the schedule baseline
30. The essential difference between cost and price is…?
a. Price includes cost-of-living adjustment and cost does not
b. Cost is the expenses incurred by the project; price is what the customer is charged for
the work
c. Price minus cost equals the benefit cost ratio (BCR) for the project
d. Cost is what the customer is charged for the project work; price is based on the retail
value of the project work
31. Which of the following would be least important on the risk register?
a. Risk owner
b. Who identified the risk
c. Triggers
d. Residual and secondary risks
32. A finish to finish relationship is defined as which of the following?
a. Both activities have to finish at the same time
b. The predecessor has to finish before the successor can finish
c. Both activities are on the critical path
d. The predecessor has a defined lead while the successor has a defined lag
33. Which of the following best describes a stakeholder?
a. Someone who is thinking about buying your product
b. A reviewer of your product in an industry trade journal
c. A project team member
d. The CFO in another division of your company
34. In the Influence/Impact grid, the best management technique for stakeholders who are high in
influence and high in impact is to…?
a. Keep satisfied
 b. Monitor
c. Manage closely
d. Keep informed
35. Senior management brought you in to run a project as an 'execution' project manager. The
timeline and the budget were already established by senior management and you have been
asked to simply bring the project in on time and on budget. You do a thorough examination of the
project parameters and discover that there is no way the current project can be completed for the
budget and the time allotted. In fact, your calculation shows the project will cost 40% over the
authorized budget and will take six months longer to complete. What should you do?
a. Give management a reality check, offer some recommendations, and ask them how they
would like to proceed
b. Agree to the current project parameters and look for ways you can fast-track the project
c. Refuse to take on the project as the deliverable dates and dollars are not realistic
d. Negotiate for a reduced scope to bring in the project on time and on budget
36. The quality control team has raised concerns about the quality of the output of a specific
manufacturing process consisting of 3 steps. The quality control team leader reports that there is
a 99% probability step #1 will produce a defect free part, a 98% probability that step #2 will
produce a defect free part and a 96% probability step #3 will produce a defect free part. At the
end of the third step, what is the approximate probability that an article chosen at random will be
defect free?
a. 99%
b. 93%
c. 91%
d. 96%
37. The ability of the project manager to expend funds and allocate resources on a project is a
function of?
a. The charter
b. The organizational structure
c. Correct project management principles
d. The responsibilities of the PMO
38. Reward power means that the project manager can issue rewards. Examples of rewards can
include bonuses or comp time. PMI regards reward power as…?
a. One of the worst forms of authority
b. Unimportant
c. One of the best forms of authority
d. Subject to frequent misuse
39. Your customer is having difficulty verbalizing the requirements for the upcoming project. The key
stakeholder has stated to you "We want it to work sort of like this - I can't really describe it but I'll
know it when I see it..." In this instance, what would be the most effective project lifecycle to
implement?
a. Sequential
b. Overlapping
c. Waterfall
d. Iterative
40. What costs are the most important costs that need to be considered when making a purchase
decision for a product or service?
 a. All development costs
b. The purchase price
c. The life-cycle costs
d. The purchase price + failure costs
41. Which of the following is not a leadership style in the Hersey/Blanchard situational leadership
model?
a. Telling
b. Facilitative
c. Dictatorial
d. Coaching
42. You are assessing two projects for risk. Project #1 has a most likely duration of 95 days with a
standard deviation of 10 days, and Project #2 has a most likely duration of 110 days with a
standard deviation of 5 days. All of the following statements are true except…?
a. Project #1 is riskier than Project #2 because its standard deviation is larger
b. Project #2 is riskier than Project #1 because its most likely duration is longer
c. The maximum possible duration of Project #1 estimated at a 99 percent probability is
longer than the most likely duration of Project #2
d. Both projects can potentially be completed within 105 days.
43. Rolling wave planning is__________________.
a. Planning near term work in detail
b. Critical chain project management
c. Critical Path method
d. Precedence diagramming
44. To understand the requirements for the product of your current project, you have conducted a
systems analysis, a requirements analysis, a product breakdown and a value analysis. These
activities define what is known as a…?
a. Product verification
b. Process analysis
c. Product analysis
d. Scope verification
45. The risk register usually includes all of the following, except…?
a. List of risks
b. Events and Impacts
c. List of potential risk responses
d. Risk breakdown structure (RBS)
46. The Monitoring and Controlling phase of project management involves measuring your
performance against the plan, looking for changes and variances, and how to bring future
performance in line with the project plan. Which term best describes this type of action?
a. Iterative actions
b. Defect repairs
c. Responsive actions
d. Corrective actions
47. The purpose of a change request resulting in a recommended preventive action is to…?
a. Improve SPI
 b. Improve project flexibility
c. Increase the probability of a negative CPI
d. Reduce the probability of future negative performance
48. All of the following statements about change are true except…?
a. The project manager can approve or reject any or all change requests
b. A change in any one Knowledge Area can impact all the other Knowledge Areas
c. A delay in implementing a critical CR can negatively affect time, cost, or the feasibility of
a change
d. An impact assessment of a change request must be documented
49. What do confronting, compromising, and forcing all describe?
a. Team building activities
b. Temporary solutions to project issues
c. Negotiation tactics
d. Conflict resolution techniques
50. Project managers are frequently performing activities to control the budget, timeline, output and
deliverables on a project. What does PMI mean by ‘control’?
a. Predictable and repeatable processes
b. Meeting quality standards
c. Conforming to requirements and meeting stakeholder expectations
d. Comparing actual performance to planned performance and recommending corrective
action
51. You are thinking of purchasing a software product from a relatively young organization - they
have been in business less than two years. This is a cutting edge financial product that would put
you at least 18 months ahead of all competitors in your market space. However, your concern is
that if you purchase software from them, there is a possibility that they may go out of business
and you would lose the investment in the software. You ask the company to outright purchase the
software code, but the company has rejected this as an option. What is your best option moving
forward if the company‘s survivability is an issue?
a. Contract it as a work made for hire
b. Set up a code escrow arrangement
c. Offer to buy the company
d. Look for viable alternatives
52. You are the Project Manager of ABC project. There was a conflict between two key project
members. The three of you meet and decide to use compromise as the conflict resolution
technique. Compromise generally leads to
a. Win-win situation
b. Win-Lose situation
c. Lose-Lose situation
d. None of these
53. The Procurement Statement of Work is an output of which of these processes?
a. Plan Procurements
b. Conduct Procurements
c. Control Procurements
d. Close Procurements
54. Which of these is a tool for Develop Project Charter process?
 a. Project selection methods
b. Project management methodology
c. Expert Judgment
d. Earned Value Technique
55. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a war room?
a. A war room is used for meetings between the Project Manager and the customer.
b. A war room is used for important meetings between the Project team and the senior
management.
c. A war room is used for collocation
d. Whenever there is a resource conflict between different Project Managers, they meet in a
war room.
56. You are the Project Manager of a project involving designing a computer system. Your team
members follow what you tell them because you have the authority to provide negative feedback
in their performance appraisal. This is an example of which type of power?
a. Coercive
b. Referent
c. Formal
d. Reward
57. Cost baseline is usually represented using which curve or line?
a. a Slanted line
b. an S-curve
c. a Z curve
d. a PQ curve
58. You are in the process of Source Selection for a contract for your project. You are planning to use
weighing process for source selection. There are four vendors being considered. There are two
deciding factors price (weightage 40), quality (weightage 60). The scores of four vendors that
your team has computed are displayed in the table below. Which vendor among these four
should be chosen?
Vendor scores

Vendor 1Vendor 2Vendor 3Vendor 4

Price 8 10 12 11
Quality12 10 8 11

a. Vendor 1
b. Vendor 2
c. Vendor 3
d. Vendor 4
59. Which of the following indicate that the project is doing well? Select the best option.
a. A negative Cost Variance
b. An SPI of less than one
c. A negative Schedule Variance
 d. A CPI of greater than one.
60. You are performing Earned Value Reporting for your project. The project's CPI is 0.9 and the
budget at completion is one thousand dollars. What is the estimated cost at completion?
a. Nine hundred dollars
b. One thousand one hundred and eleven dollars
c. One thousand dollars
d. One thousand and one hundred dollars
61. You are working on a project to build a bridge. You have reached the planned half way mark. The
total planned cost at this stage is five hundred dollars. The actual physical work that has been
completed at this stage is worth $400. You have already spent one thousand dollars on the
project. What is the CPI?
a. 0.8
b. 1.2
c. 0.5
d. 0.4
62. You are working on a project to build a bridge. You have reached the planned half way mark. The
total planned cost at this stage is five hundred dollars. The actual physical work that has been
completed at this stage is worth $400. You have already spent one thousand dollars on the
project. What is the Schedule Variance?
a. -100
b. 100
c. -600
d. 600
63. John needs to visit many countries as part of his job. He has learned that he needs to avoid being
ethno-centric. What does ethnocentrism mean?
a. Not being friendly to strangers
b. Unable to get adjusted to the food of a new place
c. Belief that ones culture is superior to others.
d. Initial shock of landing in a new country.
64. You are planning to use a screening system for source selection process to select a vendor for
supplying food for your company? Which of these is a good example of a screening system?
a. You interview all the vendors and decide based upon the interviews.
b. You negotiate with all the vendors and select the one that provides the best price.
c. You only consider those vendors who have revenue of ten million dollars in the last
financial year.
d. You select the vendor who responds first to your advertisement.
65. Which of the following is not an input to the Conduct Procurements process?
a. Source selection criteria
b. Make-or-buy decisions
c. Organizational process assets
d. WBS
66. You are using control charts to perform quality control. Which of these situations does not
indicate that the process is out of control and an assignable cause needs to be assigned. Assume
that the control limits have been set to three sigma.
a. One of the point is more than the mean + (3*sigma)
 b. Two points together are more than mean +(2*sigma), but less than mean + (3*sigma)
c. Seven points together are on one side of the mean.
d. Six points together are on one side of the mean.
67. You are the Project Manager of a car manufacturing company. As part of Quality Control you
decide to check only 5% of the cars assembled for environmental check. Which technique are
you using?
a. Pareto Diagram
b. Control Charts
c. Statistical Sampling
d. Sample Selection
68. Which of the following is a true statement about risks?
a. If a risk is identified in a risk response plan, then that means that risk has already
happened.
b. Once a risk has happened, you refer to the risk management plan to determine what
action needs to be taken.
c. A risk that was not planned but has happened is called a trigger.
d. Risk identification happens in all the phases of the project.
69. Which of the following is not true about the Close Project or Phase process?
a. Contract closeout must be performed after the Administrative Closeout.
b. The risk is the lowest at this stage of the project.
c. The probability of completion is the highest at this stage of the project.
d. Stakeholders have least amount of influence at this stage.
70. Which of the following is an output of the Identify Risks process.
a. Lessons Learned
b. Checklists
c. Risk Register
d. SWOT Analysis
71. In which process of the Project Risk Management knowledge area are numeric values assigned
to probabilities and impact of risks
a. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
b. Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
c. Perform Numeric Risk Analysis
d. Plan Risk Response
72. Your project is well underway, and the project management plan as well as subsidiary plans have
been baselined and work is proceeding apace. A key project stakeholder has just approached
you with a problem: a requirement was missed by the business in the requirements gathering
process and they want it inserted into the project plan without having to go through the formal
change request process. They would consider it a huge favor if you did so and would be willing to
reciprocate at some later date. What should you do next?
a. Talk to the stakeholder's manager about the stakeholder's request for a breach in the
formal corporate change management process
b. Since the stakeholder has key resources on the project, it may pay off in the long run to
agree to the stakeholder's request
c. Perform an impact assessment on the requested change and submit to the CCB for
approval
 d. Agree to the request only if the stakeholder is willing to remove a less important feature
of equal effort so as not to impact the costs or the timeline on the project
73. Expert judgment is a tool and technique of all of the following processes except...?
a. Identify stakeholders
b. Plan stakeholder management
c. Manage stakeholder engagement
d. Control stakeholder engagement
74. Which of these is not an example of a project?
a. Buying clothes from the store on a special sale.
b. Planning for your friends wedding.
c. Building a bridge across the Amazon river.
d. Cleaning the office building every day.
75. Describing stakeholders based on their power (ability to impose will), urgency (need for
immediate attention), and legitimacy (their involvement), describes what type of grid or model?
a. Power/Influence grid
b. Salience Model
c. Influence/Impact grid
d. Power model
76. Which of the following best describes Plan Stakeholder Management process?
a. Creating and maintaining relationships between the project team and stakeholders
b. Preventing negative stakeholders from derailing theproject
c. Striking a balance between stakeholder needs and project needs
d. Focusing on from the creation of the stakeholder management strategy
77. A series of stakeholder meetings were called to address the needs of stakeholders for the
upcoming project. A list of 150 requirements was drawn up. After reviewing the list and
developing a high level estimate, the PM reported back to the stakeholder group that due to the
budget limitations on the project, it would be possible to deliver only 75 of these requirements. A
new meeting was called to cull the list from 150 to 75. The stakeholders were going through the
list, when there was serious contention about a group of requirements. The disagreement
escalated to a shouting match, and several stakeholders left the meeting infuriated. What risk tool
would have best prevented this situation?
a. Brainstorming
b. SWOT analysis
c. Delphi Technique
d. Nominal Group technique
78. Project roles and responsibilities can be graphically represented in what is called a…?
a. RBS: Resource breakdown structure
b. RAM: Responsibility assignment matrix
c. RARG: Roles and responsibility grid
d. RAAM: Random access assignment matrix
79. On your current project, you have spent a week with the project team and the stakeholders
defining the activities that will be executed to complete the product of the project. What is the next
step you will perform in this process?
a. Deliver an estimate on how long each activity will take to complete
 b. Work with your stakeholders to determine what skill sets are needed to complete each
activity and who should be selected for these jobs
c. Determine the costs for each of the activities
d. Create a network diagram
80. While executing the project it becomes obvious that you're not going to hit your end date. The
project may be delayed by at least two months. This may impact the start date of another project
that was due to start right after yours completed. What type of float best describes this situation?
a. Total float
b. Project float
c. Free float
d. Slack float
81. The lowest level of the WBS addresses__________________.
a. Deliverables
b. Control accounts
c. Activities
d. Level of effort
82. Project Scope Management defines the work required to complete the project
successfully_______________.
a. Along with the creation of a scope management plan
b. No more, no less
c. In the eyes of all key stakeholders
d. At least one time in each project
83. You are developing a project statement of work for your current project. To what level of detail is
the statement of work developed?
a. It is only as detailed as the WBS
b. Only a narrative description of products or services
c. It is tied in lockstep with the requirements traceability matrix
d. Is created only when the detailed scope statement has been completed
84. Cost overruns on a project are usually caused by some combination of the following with the
exception of?
a. Inadequate budget from management
b. Stakeholder disagreement
c. Poor technical performance
d. Scope creep
85. You are managing a project in which various stakeholders are for or against a specific change in
the project. The best tool to identify the reasons for or against the change is _______________.
a. Force field analysis
b. Design of experiments
c. Benchmarking
d. Statistical Sampling
86. Which of the following is not part of the Control Communications process?
a. Issue log
b. Communication models
c. Change requests
 d. Work performance information
87. Project Communications Management involves the appropriate generation, election,
dissemination, storage, and occasional disposition of project information. The overall focus of
project communication is to…?
a. Ensuring that project stakeholders have been given an opportunity for input
b. Ensuring project stakeholder expectations are met
c. Deliver the requested information to the correct person or group of people at the correct
time
d. Deliver the requested information to senior management when needed
88. The manner in which individual resources, teams, and entire organizational units behave can be
described by…?
a. Chaos theory
b. Theory Y
c. Management by objectives
d. Organizational theory
89. Your company makes a product that a potential buyer is very interested in. After several
discussions, the potential buyer issues a letter of intent to purchase the product within the next
two months. Your company president takes this letter of intent (LOI) to the local commercial bank
in the hopes of obtaining a short-term loan to purchase the necessary equipment to deliver on
this potentially lucrative contract. The bank turns him down flat, even though the seller’s finances
are in good order. Why do you think this is the case?
a. Issues with the buyer’s reputation
b. The LOI is not a legal document
c. The LOI does not contain enough money to cover the loan
d. The seller has not reached the minimum funding limits for loans of this type
90. What does an SPC chart set the upper and lower control limits?
a. +/- 2 sigma
b. +/- 3 sigma
c. +/- 6 sigma
d. +/- 1 sigma
91. You are dealing with the stakeholder that views your project as a significant negative. What will
you use to help minimize negative stakeholder impact on the project?
a. Stakeholder register
b. Stakeholder management plan
c. Risk tolerance indicator
d. Stakeholder analysis
92. The wages of hourly workers on a time and materials project is considered
a/an_________________ cost.
a. Direct/variable
b. Direct/fixed
c. Indirect/variable
d. Indirect/fixed
93. Training needs, recognition and rewards, and regulation or contract compliance are all items that
are addressed as part of the…
a. The project charter
 b. The staffing management plan
c. The project scope statement
d. The resource management plan
94. The hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory developed by: Category: Group HR
a. Herzberg
b. McGregor
c. Maslow
d. McClelland
95. You have been authorized by the contract administrator in your organization to handle specific
changes in the contract should the need arise. The vendor on this particular procurement has
indicated a need for a change in the current specification. You discuss the change with the
vendor, verbally agree to it, and implement the change via the standard change request process,
as specified in the contract. At an invoice audit several months later, the purchasing organization
refuses to pay for the work that was entered in the change system. What has the project manager
forgotten to do in this instance?
a. Consult the technical team prior to implementing the change
b. Implement a formal written change to the contract
c. Verify that the change was within the project manager’s responsibility from the contract
administrator
d. Update the configuration documents on the project
96. The communication plan is developed based on which of the following elements?
a. The communications model employed and risk factors
b. The project’s organizational structure and external stakeholder requirements
c. Standard communications heuristics and constraints
d. The project management structure and performing team requirements
97. Validate Scope is part of what process group?
a. Planning
b. Executing
c. Closing
d. Monitoring and Controlling
98. Since you had indicated that unavailability of resources was a risk on your project, you had a
contingency strategy in place that allowed for a temporary staff augmentation. Management
signed off on this approach. This risk was realized and you implemented the contingency plan,
however the new staff may take longer to get up to speed in the environment than originally
thought. What does this new situation describe?
a. Residual risk
b. Risk trigger
c. Secondary risk
d. Passive risk response
99. The feature set for your company’s newest jet-ski line contains fewer features than those
normally produced by the company. The QC manager is discussing this with the PM and is
complaining that the design does not meet standard company production guidelines. His
argument is that the limited feature set is inconsistent with the company’s established quality
policy. What is the best way for the PM to respond to the QC manager?
a. The PM states that the QC manager may have a point
b. The PM states that the QC manager is confusing quality with grade
 c. The PM states that the issues will be addressed with the engineering department
d. The PM states that the QC manager is missing the ‘voice of the customer’
100. Management from the customer side wants to bring in a project one month earlier than
they had originally planned. Based on the current project timeline, product testing will have to be
cut short. You have reviewed several options with the customer; they have decided that crashing
the schedule would be the best approach to bringing in the project earlier. As a result of
customer’s decision, what is your biggest concern using this approach?
a. Additional expense
b. Availability of additional resources to perform testing in a shorter time frame
c. Customer buy-in
d. Developing an adequate reward system to address the overtime that will be needed to
bring in this project one month early
101. Assessing how a stakeholder is likely to react in a given situation is described in
______________?
a. Stakeholder management strategy
b. Stakeholder register
c. Stakeholder analysis
d. Stakeholder power/interest grid

 Answers

1. B - Vocal inflection contributes approximately 38 percent of our understanding of a verbal

communication. From Hidden Messages by Albert Mehrabian, 1972.
2. D - the formula for schedule variance is SV = EV – PV. Therefore the schedule variance as a
percentage of the work accomplished is PV/EV or +88.8%
3. C - Regression testing is a red herring. The correct PMI term for this activity is progressive
elaboration.
4. A. The PMI Code of Ethics mandatory standard states that ethics complaints may only be filed
when first substantiated by fact
5. D – One of the defined uses of a work authorization system is for the control of scope creep. It
insures the right work is performed at the right time and in the correct sequence.
6. B - the most appropriate form of contract for a cost plus/cost reimbursable contract is the RFP
because you are buying expertise. The statement of work may not be completely understood at
the start of the project.
7. B - a random statistical sample will tell you approximately what percentage of defects you’ll find in
the hundred thousand parts.
8. B – At this point, this ‘risk’ is an issue that will have to be addressed. A is premature – while we
know the probability, we don’t know the impact. C is incorrect: if you are performing a thorough
risk assessment, it is assumed you are validating the risk data before it is entered in the log. D
might be correct if the impact of the risk is high, but at this point it is an unknown
9. B - The next step in the Planning process group for scope is to determine the customer's
requirements. Answer A is performed in the Risk Management knowledge area, and answers C
and D are performed after the requirements are collected.
10. D - "Stakeholders should be classified according to their interest, influence, and involvement..."
PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 394.
11. C - The PMI code of ethics and professional responsibility states: “We do not engage in or
condone behavior that is designed to deceive others, including but not limited to, making
misleading or false statements, stating half-truths, providing information out of context or
 withholding information that, if known, would render our statements as misleading or incomplete.”
This means, tell the truth whether the news is positive or negative.
12. C – Because you want to be sure if the automation will reduce costs, you want to perform a cost-
benefit analysis.
13. A – For a cost plus contract vehicle, the biggest concern is Risk from the buyer’s perspective
14. B - You cannot earn more value on a project than you planned to spend. The actual cost could be
higher or lower than earned value or planed value.
15. D. EFGIR represents the critical path. It is the longest path through the network with the duration
of 13.
16. D. The path ABIR has duration of seven. Hence B can be delayed by six days before the next
event can begin.
17. C. The path CDHR has duration of nine days. Hence H can be delayed by four days before the
next event can begin.
18. B - Answer B describes one of the responsibilities of the project manager, not the project
management office.
19. B - Answer B is correct because the quality audit is focused on “whether project activities comply
with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures.” Acceptance of the
deliverable is the key output of the Validate scope process in Project Scope Management.
PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 247.
20. C – Since a project is an endeavor that creates something unique, there will be unknowns and
uncertainties on the project. Therefore, projects automatically carry risk due to the existence of
unknowns/uncertainties. If there is no risk, then there is no uncertainty; i.e. if all elements are
known, your ‘project’ is fundamentally an operational process.
21. C - By straight PERT calculation - (O + 4*ML + P)/6. (24 + 4*36 + 72) / 6 yields 240/6 = 40
22. C - PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, pp. 293-94.
23. C – The standards are broken out into 2 categories: Aspirational standards and mandatory
standards
24. D - a SIPOC diagram is a type of flowchart. PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 236.
25. C – Failure to address risk is one of the leading causes of troubled projects that suffer from
negative scope, cost or scheduling issues. It can also lead to project failure or early termination.
PMI considers that failure to perform an adequate risk assessment on a project is a plan-to-fail
scenario.
26. C – By straight calculation: [N x (N – 1)]/2 For five people, the number of communication links
would be: [5 x (5 – 1)]/2 = 20/2 = 10. For seven people, the number of communication links would
be: [7 x (7 – 1)]/2 = 42/2 = 21. 21 – 10 yields 11 additional lines of communication.
27. A -The PMBOK Guide states, “Many facets of the product life cycle lend themselves to being run
as projects, for example, performing a feasibility study conducting a product trial and a market,
etc.”
28. B – A change in scope can impact any of the triple constraints. The potential loss of the PM might
be a risk but not a CR.
29. B - Answer A: the cost-of-living adjustment is cost based, not price based. C is wrong – the BCR
is more complex than a simple price minus cost calculation. D is made up.
30. B – Who identified a risk is not a part of the risk register.
31. B - This is the definition of a finish to finish relationship: I must complete activity ‘a’ before I
complete Activity ‘b’
32. C – The team member is the stakeholder. Answer A describes a potential stakeholder. Answer B
gets paid to review the product whether they use it or not (although their opinion may impact your
sales!). Answer D is probably working to her own P&L, has nothing to do with your product and
probably hasn’t heard of it.
33. C - Answer A is for stakeholders who are high in influence and low in impact; B is for those
stakeholders who are low in influence and low in impact; D is for stakeholders who are low in
influence and high in impact. PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 396.
34. A - Your job is to report honestly to management and to the best of your ability. While the last
answer might be a recommended option, you must first give management the reality check
35. B -Answer B is correct because the cumulative probability is calculated by multiplying the
percentages by each other: .99 x .98 x .96 will yield slightly over 93%. The concept is known as
RTY: Rolled Throughput Yield.
36. A - Answer A is correct. It is the most commonly described benefit of the charter. Answers B and
D are partly true but do not apply. Answer C is misdirection.
37. C – PMI considers expert and reward power as the two best forms of project manager authority.
38. D – the iterative lifecycle is used for projects in which the project elements may not be clearly
defined or are uncertain. Per PMBOK® Guide, p. 22.
39. C – Life-cycle costs are the inclusive costs that include purchase price, maintenance and support
and warranty costs. This is your ultimate cost for the product or service
40. C - All of the other answers are leadership approaches of the situational continuum theory.
41. B - Answer B is not true; a longer duration does not necessarily translate to higher risk. A is true,
because a larger standard deviation indicates a riskier estimate. C is true because the maximum
estimate for Project A at 95 percent probability is 115 days, whereas the most likely estimate for
Project B is 110 days. D is true because the minimum range within 2 standard deviations for
project #1 is 75-115 days and for project #2 is 100-120 days.
42. A – Rolling wave planning details the work to be performed in the near term while planning future
work at a higher level in the WBS.
43. C – these are elements of a product analysis.
44. D - The RBS is part of the Risk Management Plan.
45. D - When changes or variances to the original plan are discovered, the project manager and the
team should take corrective action. PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 83.
46. D - Recommended preventive actions are implemented to reduce the probability of a negative
future event.
47. A - The project manager can approve or reject change requests only if explicitly granted this
authority by the charter, the customer, and the integrated change control system. Answers B, C,
and D are true.
48. D - Confronting, compromising, and forcing are all forms of conflict resolution techniques.
PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 283.
49. D - PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 430.
50. B – A code escrow arrangement will protect the seller and the buyer. If the seller goes out of
business, the buyer will have access to the code for continuing support of the product. Otherwise
the code stays in escrow
51. C. According to PMI, Compromise is an example of a lose-lose situation.
52. A. Procurement statements of work is an output of Plan Procurements process.
53. C. Expert judgment is a tool for the Develop Project Charter process.
54. C. War room is used for collocation to facilitate communication within the team.
55. A. When the team is afraid of the Project Manager, the power yielded is of type Coercive.
56. B. An S-curve is typically used to represent a cost baseline. The cost is low in the beginning and
end, and high during the middle of the project.
57. D. We need to compute the following for all the vendors - (0.4*Price + 0.6*Quality). The scores
come out to be vendor 1 - 10.4, vendor 2 - 10, vendor 3 - 9.6, and vendor 4's 11. Since vendor 4
has the highest score, it should get selected.
58. D. A CPI of greater than one indicates you are taking less money than planed to do the project.
59. B. EAC = (BAC/CPI).
60. D. CPI = EV/AV. EV=400, AC = 1000, PV=500.
61. A. SV=EV-PV. 400 minus 500 is -100.
62. C. Ethnocentrism refers to belief that ones culture is superior to other cultures.
63. C. Screening system are predefined criteria that are used to short- list vendors for source
selection
64. D. WBS is not an input to the Conduct Procurements process.
65. B. The others are conditions that indicate the process is out of control.
66. C. Statistical Sampling is the standard technique that is used to test only A small sample of
products instead of all the products manufactured.
67. D. This is the only correct statement.
68. A. Contract Closeout is performed before administrative Closeout
69. C. Risk Register is the only output of the Risk identification process.
70. B. A numeric value is assigned to risks impact and probability during the Quantitative Risk
Analysis process.
71. C - This is an ethics question dressed up as a stakeholder management question. What happens
next is an impact assessment. Under the mandatory Responsibility section: "We inform ourselves
and uphold the policies, rules, regulations and laws that govern our work..."
72. C - Expert judgment is not a tool and technique of Manage Stakeholder Engagement. PMBOK®
Guide, 6th edition, p. 398
73. D. Cleaning the building is a repetitive task that is done everyday. Hence it is not an example of a
project.
74. B – This exactly describes the Salience model. PMBOK® Guide, 6th edition, p. 396
75. A - stakeholder management is about the creation and maintenance of relationships between the
project team and stakeholders. Under specific circumstances, answers B and C may be partially
or. Answer D is incorrect: what is created as the stakeholder management plan, not the
stakeholder management strategy. PMBOK® Guide, 6th edition, p. 400
76. C – With the Delphi technique, participants remain anonymous to each other so that they can
simply focus on the facts without having to deal with the emotional components of the problem
77. B - Answer A is incorrect – it shows the resource hierarchy but not responsibility level. Answers C
and D are made-up terms.
78. D - In the time management process, after the activity definitions have been established, we then
sequence the activities and create network diagrams.
79. B – Project float is the delay a project can incur without delaying a succeeding project. Total float
addresses delaying the project and date. Free float addresses the early start of a successor
activity. Slack float is a made-up term
80. A – The lowest level of decomposition in the WBS is the work package, which is deliverable
focused.
81. B - Scope management is, ”…the processes required to ensure that the project includes all the
work required, and only the work required” is completed successfully.
82. B – The project statement of work is a high-level narrative that is an input to developing the
project charter, an initiating process. PMBOK® Guide, 6th edition, p.75
83. B – stakeholder disagreement is common on all projects and must be addressed by the skill of
the project manager to facilitate an acceptable resolution for the stakeholders in conflict. It rarely,
if ever, results in a cost overrun. Fleming and Koppelman, Earned Value Management, Third
Edition, PMI 2005
84. A - the force field analysis shows the pros and cons of an idea.
85. B – Communications models are a tool and technique of Plan Communications. PMBOK Guide®,
6th edition, p. 288
86. C – Answer C is most correct. All the answers are somewhat correct, but all can be subsumed
within answer C: get the required information to the right person when it is needed or requested.
PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 287.
87. D - PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 263
88. B – The letter of intent is not a legal document and does not obligate the buyer to follow through
89. B – The SPC chart sets upper and lower control limits at +/- 3 sigma
90. B – PMBOK® Guide, 6th edition p. 404
91. A - It is a direct cost because it is attributable to your project. It is also a variable cost because the
hourly workers could put in 30, 40, or 50 hours a week.
92. B - PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, pp. 265-66.
93. C – The hierarchy of needs was developed by Abraham Maslow
94. B – The contract is the final arbiter of what gets paid and what does not. Only a formal written
change to the contract, specifying that the change would be paid for, is legally binding
95. B - The project’s organizational structure and external stakeholder requirements. New PMP Task
Classifications. Domain 2, Task 6. PMI, 2011
96. D - Monitoring and Controlling is the only correct answer. PMBOK Guide 6th ed. p. 61
97. C – This is a classic example of a secondary risk: A new risk that is identified as a direct outcome
of implementing a risk response.
98. B - Quality is defined as “the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfill requirements”
(PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 228) while grade is “a category assigned to products or services
having the same functional use but different technical characteristics.” (PMBOK Guide®, 6th
edition). Absence of the ‘standard’ feature set does not automatically imply low quality. The
customer may have requested a high-quality product but with fewer features at a better price
point.
99. B – Since the customer has decided that crashing is an option, answer ‘A’ has already been
taken into consideration as well as answer ‘C’. Answer ‘D’ is a complete unknown at this point. Of
the four answers, the biggest concern is whether the testing resources are actually available to do
the job
100. C - It is the 3rd step in the stakeholder analysis. PMBOK Guide®, 6th edition, p. 396