TRITON INTERNATIONAL & SS COLLEGE

TINKUNA, KATHMANDU

A project report on computer science

Submitted by: Submitted to:

Name : Anisha Chaudhary
Faculty: science Nabin Adhikari
Grade : 12(phy2)
 Letter of certificate
This is to certify that a project report on “ COMPUTER SCIENCE “ has been
completed successfully as partial fulfillment of the subject computer science
as mentioned of NEB OF class XII by Anisha Chaudhary of Triton
International & SS college.
Registration no.
Date: 2078/10/14
Internal examiner.
Name: Nabin Adhikari. External examiner
Faculty member of
department of computer

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 Content
S. N Topics Page number
1 Definition 1
2
2 Early history 3
Current status of AI 4
3
Challenges of AI
4 Future of AI 5-7
8
5 Advantages of AI
6 Disadvantages of AI 9-10
Conclusion 11
7
8 Reference 12
Abstract
First of all I am very grateful towards Triton international college for
providing us this project. I am very thankful to Triton International College
and whole department member for providing us such a great opportunity to
prepare something necessary for our life. In this Project Work there are all
together 5 topics from there we have to choose one and discussed through
different Research and with the help of different physical and technological
devices. This Project includes some additional knowledge about the related
topics beside the book theory. The purpose of this project were to examine
mental skill use in practice an competition, mental skills training experience,
and their perception of success.
Overview
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) aims to make computers and information
systems more “intelligent” to solve complex problems and provide
more natural and effective services to human beings.
• AI has been a source of innovative ideas and techniques in computer
science, and has been widely applied to many information systems.
• This project provides a comprehensive introduction to artificial
intelligence, emphasizing advanced topics such as advanced search,
reasoning and decision-making under uncertainty, and machine
learning.
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What is AI?
👉The study of computer system that attempt to model and apply the intelligence of the
human mind.
👉 A branch of computer science dealing with the simulation of intelligence behavior in
computer.
👉 The capacity of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior.
History
• Year 1943: The first work which is now recognized as AI was done by
Warren McCulloch and Walter pits in 1943. They proposed a model
of artificial neurons.
• Year 1950: The Alan Turing who was an English mathematician and
pioneered Machine learning in 1950. Alan Turing publishes
"Computing Machinery and Intelligence" in which he proposed a
test.
• Year 1972: The first intelligent humanoid robot was built in Japan
which was named as WABOT-1.
• Year 1980: The duration between years 1974 to 1980 was the first AI
winter duration. AI winter refers to the time period where computer
scientist dealt with a severe shortage of funding from government
for AI researches.
• Year 1980: the first national conference of the American
Association of Artificial Intelligence was held at Stanford University.
The duration between the years 1987 to 1993 was the second AI
Winter duration.
• Year 2014: In the year 2014, Chatbot “Eugene Goostman” won a
competition in the infamous “Turing test.
• ”Year 2018: The “Project Debater” from IBM debated on complex
topics with two master debaters and also performed extremely well.
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Current status of Ai

AI have been taken many shapes and forms over recent

years.
1. Mobile iPhones
2. Videos games character
3. GPS/voice recognition
4. Robotics
5. Astronomy
6. Data security
Google has been a major play on AI transcendence and
deep learning.
Deep learning is a machine learning based on
algorithms. 3
 Challenges of ai
1. Computing power
2. Tolerance power
3. Intuitive thinking
4. Judging power

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4
 Future of AI
The future is really unknown.
Researchers seem to disagree on a lot of the
same issues.
With the rate at Which technology is
improving it is logical to believe AI will
continue to get more and more sophisticated.
But we can imagine two different kind of
future of AI
1. Positive future
2. Negative future
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Positive
imagination of
future

Maybe, the day is not

far when we will just sit
back in our cozy little
beds and just command
our personal robots to
entirely do our work. He
will be a perfect
companion for us.
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6
 Negative
imagination of
future
It may end in other way too. Someday
there Will be a knock at our door. As
we open it, we will see a large number
of robots marching into our house
destroying everything. This is because
ever since here is an advantage in the
technology, it attack antisocial
elements. This is true for robots too.
Because now they will have full power
to think as human even as of antisocial
elements. So, we should think
before giving them power of
cognition.
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 • Reduction in human error
• Helps in repetitive work
• Digital assistance
• Faster decision
Advantages of AI • Rational decision maker
• Medica applications
• Improves security
• Efficient communication

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 Increase dependency on
machine
With the increasement of technology,
people are getting more dependent on
devices and hence they are losing their
mental capabilities.
No original creativity
As humans are so creative and can imagine
some new ideas but still AI machines
can't beat this power of human intelligence
and can't be creative and imaginative.

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 DISADVANTAGE
OF AI
 High point :
The hardware and software requirement of AI is very costly
as it requires lots of maintenance to meet current world
requirement.
 Can't think out of the box
Even we are making smarter machines with AI, but still they
can't work out of the box, as the robot will only do that work
for which they are trained, or programmed.
 No feeling and emotions
AI machines can be an outstanding performer, but still it
does not have feeling so it can't make any kind of emotional
attachment with human, and may sometimes be harmful for
users if the proper care is not taken.
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Conclusion
Finally, we can say that the AI is the intelligence of machine and the branch of computer science hat
aims to create it AI textbooks define the field as “ THE STUDY & DESIGN OF INTELLIGENT AGENT”
where an I intelligent agent is a system that perceive it’s environment and takes action that maximize
the changes of its success. John McCarthy, who coins the form in 1955, defines it as “ THE SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING OF MAKING INTELLIGENT MACHINES”.

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Acknowledgments

18

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As Reference
Mr. Nabin adkhari,Mr.
Shah A.R, Mr. Yadav D.K,
Integrated Computer
science grade xii , C
publication, bagbazar,
Kathmandu, revised
edition,2077 1 19