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Mind Map (Hydrocarbons)

This document outlines 10 methods for preparing alkanes: (1) catalytic hydrogenation of alkynes or alkenes, (2) halogenation followed by reaction with zinc/copper, (3) reaction of alkyl halides with magnesium, (4) Wurtz reaction of dihalides, (5) Frankland reaction of dihalides, (6) pyrolysis of alkanes, (7) reduction of carbonyl compounds, (8) reduction of carboxylic acids or esters, (9) saponification of carboxylic acid salts, (10) Kolbe electrolysis of carboxylic acid salts.

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Meenakshi Nair
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4K views3 pages

Mind Map (Hydrocarbons)

This document outlines 10 methods for preparing alkanes: (1) catalytic hydrogenation of alkynes or alkenes, (2) halogenation followed by reaction with zinc/copper, (3) reaction of alkyl halides with magnesium, (4) Wurtz reaction of dihalides, (5) Frankland reaction of dihalides, (6) pyrolysis of alkanes, (7) reduction of carbonyl compounds, (8) reduction of carboxylic acids or esters, (9) saponification of carboxylic acid salts, (10) Kolbe electrolysis of carboxylic acid salts.

Uploaded by

Meenakshi Nair
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Preparation and Properties of alkanes MIND MAP

GMP GR
H , Ni
(1) R–C  CH 2  (1) X , h or UV light or 400 C
2         
 RX
200300C
or
R–CH=CH2 Sabatier senderens Nitration
(2)  R-N
reaction

(2) R–X 


Zn Cu  HCl
 Sulphonation H S O
Re d P Hi, LiAlH 4 (3) 2
       2
7  Alkyl Sulphonic acid

(3) R–Mg–X 


HOH or ROH
  
or NH3 or RNH 2 Reed reaction
(4) SO2 + Cl2    RSO2Cl
h
Na , dry ether
(4) RX   
Wurtz reaction R–H
AlCl / HCl
Zn or (5) 3  branched alkanes
(5) RX    
 Isomerisation
Frankland's reaction R–R
or
R  C  Cl or ROH CnH2n+2 (6) Pyrolysis
Re
d
(6) P / Hi 
||  500 700 C
Alkenes + CH4 or C2H6
O
or Cr or Mo or V oxide
   
R CR or RCHO (7)  Al 2O3 500C Aromatic compound
||
O
CH N
22
(8)   Higher alkane
R CR step up reaction
Zn Hg / Conc . HCl
(7) ||     

O Clemension 's reduction
O
2
(9) 
 CO2 + H2O
R C  O 
H 2 N  NH 2
(8) |   
 Combustion
R Wolf / Kishner reduction

or
(RCH2CH2)3B H O
 2

(9) RCOONa NaOH  CaO


  

(10) RCOONa Kolbe


's electrolytic synthesis
 
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Preparation and Properties of alkenes MIND MAP
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Preparation and Properties of alkynes MIND MAP

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