Design of Slab on Grade at Basement, SOG (t = 100 mm)
1. Design Criteria
1.1. Specifications:
1.1.1. Design References
NSCP Volume I, Fourth Edition 2015
1.1.2. Design Aids
Microsoft Excel
1.2. Material Property:
1.2.1. Concrete
Compressive strength for concrete, f'c = 20.70 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity for concrete, Ec = 21,384.00 MPa
Unit Weight of concrete, Yc = 24.00 KN/cu.m
1.2.2. Steel
Yield Strength, fy = 273.00 MPa
Modulus of Elasticity for steel, Es = 200,000.00 MPa
1.2.3. Factors
Compressive block depth, β = 0.85
Reduction factor, Φ = 0.90
1.3. Loadings:
1.3.1. Dead load:
Partition Load
Partition 1.50 KPa
Weight of wall and parapet 3.20 KPa
1.3.2 Live load:
Parking Garages and Ramps (Private) 2.40 KPa
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2. Slab Thickness Computation
2.1. Type of Slab
Analyze panel B as critical panel
Long span/Short span = 1.25 Two-Way Slab
2.2. Slab Thickness
Short span, a = 4.00
Long span, b = 5.00
t min. = 2 (4+5) /180 = 100.00 mm
3. Load Computation:
3.1. Considering 1m strip
Dead Load:
Partition = 1.50 KPa
Self weight = 2.40 KPa
DL = 3.90 KPa
Live Load:
LL = 2.40 KPa
3.2. Load Combination
1.2 DL = 4.68
1.6 LL = 3.84
1.2 DL + 1.6 LL = 8.52 KN/m
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4. Analysis
4.1. Moment coefficient: Case 4
Coefficient for Negative Moment
Ca = 0.071 Short direction
Cb = 0.024 Long direction
Coefficient for Dead Load Positive Moment
Ca DL = 0.039 Short direction
Cb DL = 0.016 Long direction
Coefficient for Live Load Positive Moment
Ca LL = 0.048 Short direction
Cb LL = 0.020 Long direction
4.2. Negative and Positive Moment
Negative Moment at continuous edges
- Ma = (Ca)(Wu)(La^2) = 9.68 KNm
- Mb = (Cb)(Wu)(Lb^2) = 5.11 KNm
Positive Moment along short direction
+ Ma DL= (Ca DL)(DL)(La^2) = 2.92 KNm
+ Ma LL= (Ca LL)(LL)(La^2) = 2.95 KNm
+ Ma = 5.87 KNm
Positive Moment along long direction'
+ Mb DL = (Ca DL)(DL)(Lb^2) = 1.87 KNm
+ Mb LL = (Ca LL)(LL)(Lb^2) = 1.92 KNm
+ Mb = 3.79 KNm
4.3. Design of Reinforcement
4.3.1 Reinforcement at continuous edge along short direction
concrete cover for slab, cc = 20.00 mm
bar ø = 10.00 mm
width, b = 1,000.00 mm
da = t - c - 0.5(bar Φ) = 75.00 mm
db = t - c - 1.5(bar Φ) = 65.00 mm
Mu = (Ф)(f'c)(b)(da^2)(ω)(1-0.59ω)
solve for ω
ω2 - 1.69ω + 0.157 =0
ω= 0.0980
Actual steel ratio, ρ act
ρ act = (ω)(f'c/fy) = 0.0074 Compliant
Minimum steel ratio, ρ min
Use actual steel
ρ min = 1.4/fy = 0.0051
ratio for design
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Maximum steel ratio, ρ max
ρ bal = {(0.85)(β1)(f'c)/fy}{600/(600+fy)} = 0.0377
ρ max = 0.75(ρ bal) = 0.0282 Compliant
Therefore use, ρ govern = 0.0074
t= 100.00 mm is safe for FLEXURE
Steel area, As
As = ρ (b)(d) = 557.48 sq.mm
Steel spacing
S = (1000)(.25π)(D^2)/*As = 140.88 mm
Spacing limits for slab reinforcement
s>t 140.88 > 100.00
s < 3(t) 140.88 < 300.00
s < 450 140.88 < 450.00
mm ø spaced
Adopt 10.00 140.00 mm
at
4.3.2. Spacing for Short and Long Direction
Panel B, Short direction
` a= 4.00
da = 75.00
CE MS DE
Mu 9.68 5.87 0
ω 0.0980 0.0580 0.0000
ρ act 0.0074 0.0044 0.0000
ρ min 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ use 0.0074 0.0051 0.0051
As 557.48 384.62 384.62
S 140.00 205.00 205.00
Panel B, Long direction
b= 5.00
db = 65.00
CE MS DE
Mu 5.11 3.79 -
ω 0.0676 0.0496 0.0000
ρ act 0.0051 0.0038 0.0000
ρ min 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ use 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
As 384.69 384.62 384.62
S 205.00 205.00 205.00
4.4. Check for Shear
4.4.1. Consider Short span
Vs = (w)(s) / ((3)(1m)) = 11.36 kN
Actual Vc = Vs / ((0.85)(b)(d)) = 0.18 MPa
Allow Vc = .17 √ f'c = 0.77 MPa
t= 100.00 mm is safe for SHEAR
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4.4.2. Consider Long span
Vs = (w)(s) / ((3)(1m)) = 14.20 kN
Actual Vc = Vs / ((0.85)(b)(d)) = 0.26 MPa
Allow Vc = .17 √ f'c = 0.77 MPa
t= 100.00 mm is safe for SHEAR
5. Summary
5.1. Slab Thickness, Two way (S2)
Adopt t = 100 mm for S2
5.2. Bottom Bar, Short Span
Use 10 mm diameter spaced at 205 mm -- > Bar 1
Bottom Bar, Long Span
Use 10 mm diameter spaced at 205 mm -- > Bar 2
5.3. Top Bar @ Continuous End, Short Span
Use 10 mm diameter spaced at 140 mm -- > Bar 3
Top Bar @ Continuous End, Long Span
Use 10 mm diameter spaced at 205 mm -- > Bar 4
SG
BAR 2 BAR 1
SG
BAR 4 BAR 3
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